- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria
Dipartimento Diritto, Economia, Culture
Via Sant'Abbondio, 12
22100 Como
Geo Magri
Insubria, Diritto Economia E Culture, Faculty Member
- University of Osnabrück, Law, Post-Docadd
- Law, Art History, Contract Law, Property Law, Law And Economics (Economics), Consumer Protection (Law), and 50 moreCultural Appropriation of Foreign Goods, Music, Cultural History, Music History, Consumer Behavior, Comparative Law, Online Marketing, Opera, Wagner Studies, Mozart, Property Law & Theory, Wagner, Beni Culturali Italia, Castrato singers, Trust Disabile, Geo Magri, Property, Possession, Old Books, Old Books History, Legal Harmonization, Legal History, Consumer Law, European Union Law, Trust law, Internationales Privatrecht, Private International Law, Zivilrecht, Legal Anthropology, Law and Literature, Antiquarian book trade, Antiquarian Books European Travel, Rare Books and Manuscripts, History of the Book, Beni Culturali, Legislazione dei beni culturali, Cultural Heritage, Cultural Studies, Cultural Property Law, Illicit traffic cultural property, Cultural Property, Cultural Property and Intangible Cultural Heritage, Return and Restitution of Cultural Properties, Law and Economics, Common Law, Judicial Activism, Repatriation (Archaeology), Illicit Antiquities Trade, European contract law, and Contract Theory(Cultural Appropriation of Foreign Goods, Music, Cultural History, Music History, Consumer Behavior, Comparative Law, Online Marketing, Opera, Wagner Studies, Mozart, Property Law & Theory, Wagner, Beni Culturali Italia, Castrato singers, Trust Disabile, Geo Magri, Property, Possession, Old Books, Old Books History, Legal Harmonization, Legal History, Consumer Law, European Union Law, Trust law, Internationales Privatrecht, Private International Law, Zivilrecht, Legal Anthropology, Law and Literature, Antiquarian book trade, Antiquarian Books European Travel, Rare Books and Manuscripts, History of the Book, Beni Culturali, Legislazione dei beni culturali, Cultural Heritage, Cultural Studies, Cultural Property Law, Illicit traffic cultural property, Cultural Property, Cultural Property and Intangible Cultural Heritage, Return and Restitution of Cultural Properties, Law and Economics, Common Law, Judicial Activism, Repatriation (Archaeology), Illicit Antiquities Trade, European contract law, and Contract Theory)edit
La prescrizione è l’istituto grazie al quale l’ordinamento giuridico consente al tempo di trasformare il ‘diritto’ in ‘non diritto’ e viceversa; per questo motivo essa, nelle sue varianti acquisitiva ed estintiva, è stata considerata per... more
La prescrizione è l’istituto grazie al quale l’ordinamento giuridico consente al tempo di trasformare il ‘diritto’ in ‘non diritto’ e viceversa; per questo motivo essa, nelle sue varianti acquisitiva ed estintiva, è stata considerata per secoli l’impium praesidium attraverso il quale il debitore poteva profittare dell’inerzia del creditore, liberandosi dal vincolo obbligatorio, o il possessore poteva avvantaggiarsi dell’ignavia del proprietario, acquisendo la proprietà del bene. Quid novi? Qual è l’interesse attualmente preminente? Quali sono le esigenze della società moderna? Come si collocano le scelte del legislatore italiano nel quadro della ricodificazione degli ordinamenti giuridici europei? Il volume affronta il tema della prescrizione in chiave nuova, sottolineando come le riforme legislative avvenute all’inizio del nuovo millennio e le regole risultanti dai progetti di diritto privato europeo uniforme presentino una prescrizione assai diversa da quella tramandata dalla tradizione romanistica e fatta propria dal codice civile italiano del 1942.
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Il Quaderno si divide in due sezioni: nella prima, intitolata L’armonizzazione e l’uniformazione del diritto privato europeo, si affronta il tema del rapporto tra le corti UE, le corti nazionali e le autorità amministrative e quello del... more
Il Quaderno si divide in due sezioni: nella prima, intitolata L’armonizzazione e l’uniformazione del diritto privato europeo, si affronta il tema del rapporto tra le corti UE, le corti nazionali e le autorità amministrative e quello del contributo che il progetto del Draft Common Frame of Reference ha dato al processo di armonizzazione del diritto privato europeo; la seconda sezione, invece, è dedicata al ruolo che, nel suddetto processo di armonizzazione, hanno giocato le Corti; particolare rilievo a questo riguardo hanno assunto prima la comparazione giuridica e in seguito proprio il DCFR. In questa sezione si dimostra come, in molti altri paesi europei, il ricorso alle soluzioni prospettate dal Draft abbia contribuito in modo decisivo all’evoluzione giurisprudenziale del diritto privato nazionale.
Research Interests: Comparative Law, Civil Law, International Law, Private International Law, Comparative Private Law, and 24 morePrivate law, Comparative Civil Procedure, European private law, Comparative Legal Studies; Access to Justice; ADR; Comparative Family Law; Children's Rights; LGBTI rights, Direito Processual Civil, Diritto Processuale Civile, DERECHO CIVIL, Derecho Privado, Droit Prive, Giurisprudenza, Diritto Civile, IPR, Derecho Procesal Civil, Diritto Privato, Diritto Internazionale Privato E Pocessuale, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, DCFR, Diritto Processuale Civile Comparato, Civil Procedural Law, Droit Comparé, Diritto Processuale Civile Europeo, Private Law, Rechtsvergleichung, and Zivilrecht(Private law, Comparative Civil Procedure, European private law, Comparative Legal Studies; Access to Justice; ADR; Comparative Family Law; Children's Rights; LGBTI rights, Direito Processual Civil, Diritto Processuale Civile, DERECHO CIVIL, Derecho Privado, Droit Prive, Giurisprudenza, Diritto Civile, IPR, Derecho Procesal Civil, Diritto Privato, Diritto Internazionale Privato E Pocessuale, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, DCFR, Diritto Processuale Civile Comparato, Civil Procedural Law, Droit Comparé, Diritto Processuale Civile Europeo, Private Law, Rechtsvergleichung, and Zivilrecht)
(Private law, Comparative Civil Procedure, European private law, Comparative Legal Studies; Access to Justice; ADR; Comparative Family Law; Children's Rights; LGBTI rights, Direito Processual Civil, Diritto Processuale Civile, DERECHO CIVIL, Derecho Privado, Droit Prive, Giurisprudenza, Diritto Civile, IPR, Derecho Procesal Civil, Diritto Privato, Diritto Internazionale Privato E Pocessuale, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, DCFR, Diritto Processuale Civile Comparato, Civil Procedural Law, Droit Comparé, Diritto Processuale Civile Europeo, Private Law, Rechtsvergleichung, and Zivilrecht)
Cavour definì la lirica come una vera e grande industria che ha ramificazioni in tutto il mondo. L’affermazione dello statista, valida ancora oggi, non solo dimostra l’importanza economica di questa complessa forma d’arte, ma implica... more
Cavour definì la lirica come una vera e grande industria che ha ramificazioni in tutto il mondo. L’affermazione dello statista, valida ancora oggi, non solo dimostra l’importanza economica di questa complessa forma d’arte, ma implica necessariamente il ricorso a un vasto corpus normativo che ne consenta il funzionamento.
Il presente volume intende, pertanto, analizzare le regole di diritto privato che disciplinano l’attività di un teatro lirico, concentrandosi, in particolar modo, sugli aspetti contrattuali. L’opera evidenzia la forte influenza che gli usi originati nella prassi teatrale esplicano ancora oggi e avanza alcune proposte di riforma tese a rendere più efficiente il sistema della lirica in Italia e a riequilibrare la situazione di svantaggio nella quale, di norma, l’artista lirico si trova ad operare.
Una riflessione su questi aspetti appare oggi di particolare interesse, stante l’annunciata adozione, da parte del Ministero dei beni culturali, di un Codice dello Spettacolo che andrà a ridisciplinare anche il funzionamento dei teatri lirici.
Il presente volume intende, pertanto, analizzare le regole di diritto privato che disciplinano l’attività di un teatro lirico, concentrandosi, in particolar modo, sugli aspetti contrattuali. L’opera evidenzia la forte influenza che gli usi originati nella prassi teatrale esplicano ancora oggi e avanza alcune proposte di riforma tese a rendere più efficiente il sistema della lirica in Italia e a riequilibrare la situazione di svantaggio nella quale, di norma, l’artista lirico si trova ad operare.
Una riflessione su questi aspetti appare oggi di particolare interesse, stante l’annunciata adozione, da parte del Ministero dei beni culturali, di un Codice dello Spettacolo che andrà a ridisciplinare anche il funzionamento dei teatri lirici.
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Research Interests:
GESTIONE DI AFFARI, PAGAMENTO DELL\u2019INDEBITO, OBBLIGAZIONI NATURALI, PAGAMENTO DELL'INDEBITO, ARRICCHIMENTO SENZA CAUS
DADOS BIBLIOGRAFICOS: MAMEDE, Gladston; FRANCA FILHO, Marcilio Toscano; RODRIGUES JR., Otavio Luiz (Orgs.). Direito da Arte. Sao Paulo: Atlas, 2015.
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... Eloisa Alessandra Luini, Geo Magri, Fabrizio Marrella, Gaetano Petrelli, Giuseppina Pizzolante, Ilaria Queirolo, Dario Ricolo, Margherita Salvadori, Francesco Sbordone, Lorenzo Schiano di Pepe, Francesco Seatzu, Giovanni Siola, Fabio... more
... Eloisa Alessandra Luini, Geo Magri, Fabrizio Marrella, Gaetano Petrelli, Giuseppina Pizzolante, Ilaria Queirolo, Dario Ricolo, Margherita Salvadori, Francesco Sbordone, Lorenzo Schiano di Pepe, Francesco Seatzu, Giovanni Siola, Fabio Tierno, Camillo Ungari Trasatti, ...
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The impact of the UNESCO and UNIDROIT Conventions and the EU directives on the international art market: an analysis fifty years after the introduction of the obligation to return stolen or illegally exported cultural goods = O impacto das Convenções da UNESCO e do UNIDROIT e das diretivas da UE ...more
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Il saggio indaga i problemi contrattuali sollevati dal rapporto tra cantanti lirici e teatri.
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Traduzione di Grundfragen europaeischen Sachenrechtsverstaendnisses, pubblicato in Juristenzeitung 70 (2015), p. 845 – 860
Research Interests: Comparative Law, Civil Law, Private International Law, Private law, Direito Civil, and 13 moreDroit Prive, Diritto Civile, Derecho comparado, Droit, Diritto Privato, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, Diritto Comparato, Droit Comparé, Italian Civil Law, Eigentum, Private Law, Rechtsvergleichung, and Zivilrecht
Il volume sviluppa le riflessioni, avviate dagli Autori in occasione del Convegno conclusivo del Progetto Jean Monnet Module HELACOL, sull\u2019armonizzazione del diritto dei consumatori in Europa e in America Latina. I saggi in esso... more
Il volume sviluppa le riflessioni, avviate dagli Autori in occasione del Convegno conclusivo del Progetto Jean Monnet Module HELACOL, sull\u2019armonizzazione del diritto dei consumatori in Europa e in America Latina. I saggi in esso raccolti si interrogano, a 40 anni di distanza dalla firma della Convenzione del Lussemburgo, su un nucleo di questioni cruciali per la dimensione sovranazionale del diritto dei consumatori. Quale \ue8 il \u2018modello\u2019 pi\uf9 idoneo per l\u2019armonizzazione del diritto dei consumatori? Quali possono essere i riflessi inerenti alla scelta tra un\u2019armonizzazione \u2018minima\u2019 ed un\u2019armonizzazione \u2018completa\u2019? Quali sono i principi, le regole ed i modelli che alimentano il comune dialogo euro-latinoamericano? Nel quadro delle possibili risposte, l\u2019opera nel suo insieme sottolinea la valenza interdisciplinare del diritto dei consumi, chiamato a confrontarsi sempre pi\uf9 frequentemente con i problemi posti dalla sharing economy, dall\u2019innovazione tecnologica e dall\u2019obsolescenza programmata, dall\u2019impatto ambientale dei beni di consumo, dalla vulnerabilit\ue0 della tutela degli investitori nei mercati finanziari e nelle operazioni di crowdfunding. Il risultato \ue8 quello di un lavoro che sottolinea il ruolo specifico dell\u2019analisi comparatistica nella misura dei problemi tra \u2018locale\u2019 e \u2018globale\u2019, come pure nella ricerca e nella individuazione di soluzioni che siano idonee per facilitare l\u2019applicazione di cross-border consumer\u2019s rights
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<div> <p>The international financial crisis seems to have no effect on global art market; as the TEFAF Report demonstrates art market has grown exponentially in the last ten years. The increasing economic value of this market... more
<div> <p>The international financial crisis seems to have no effect on global art market; as the TEFAF Report demonstrates art market has grown exponentially in the last ten years. The increasing economic value of this market attracts criminal organisations and it happens quite often that cultural property is object of illicit trade. For this reason, it seems interesting to focus the study on the international provisions regulating the duty to return stolen or illicit exported cultural property and their effects (if any) on the Italian rule protecting the <i>bona fide</i> purchaser also in case of stolen goods.</p> </div>
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La partecipazione del prof. Christian von Bar, promotore dello studio accademico alla base del Draft Common Frame of Reference, a un incontro organizzato a Torino il 7 ottobre 2016 è stata lo stimolo che ha dato vita a questo lavoro volto... more
La partecipazione del prof. Christian von Bar, promotore dello studio accademico alla base del Draft Common Frame of Reference, a un incontro organizzato a Torino il 7 ottobre 2016 è stata lo stimolo che ha dato vita a questo lavoro volto a indagare il ruolo della giurisprudenza nell'interpretazione e nell'armonizzazione del diritto privato europeo. Anche per queste ragioni siamo particolarmente grati al Professore per aver accettato di scrivere la prefazione al volume. Il Quaderno si divide in due sezioni: nella prima, intitolata L'armonizzazione e l'uniformazione del diritto privato europeo, si affronta il tema del rapporto tra le corti UE, le corti nazionali e le autorità amministrative e quello del contributo che il progetto del Draft Common Frame of Reference ha dato al processo di armonizzazione del diritto privato europeo; la seconda sezione, invece, è dedicata al ruolo che, nel suddetto processo di armonizzazione, hanno giocato le Corti; particolare rilievo a...
Research Interests: Comparative Law, Civil Law, Comparative Private Law, Comparative Civil Procedure, European private law, and 15 moreDireito Processual Civil, Diritto Processuale Civile, DERECHO CIVIL, Derecho Privado, Droit Prive, Diritto Civile, Derecho Procesal Civil, Diritto Privato, Diritto Internazionale Privato E Pocessuale, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, DCFR, Diritto Processuale Civile Comparato, Civil Procedural Law, Droit Comparé, and Diritto Processuale Civile Europeo(Direito Processual Civil, Diritto Processuale Civile, DERECHO CIVIL, Derecho Privado, Droit Prive, Diritto Civile, Derecho Procesal Civil, Diritto Privato, Diritto Internazionale Privato E Pocessuale, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, DCFR, Diritto Processuale Civile Comparato, Civil Procedural Law, Droit Comparé, and Diritto Processuale Civile Europeo)
(Direito Processual Civil, Diritto Processuale Civile, DERECHO CIVIL, Derecho Privado, Droit Prive, Diritto Civile, Derecho Procesal Civil, Diritto Privato, Diritto Internazionale Privato E Pocessuale, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, DCFR, Diritto Processuale Civile Comparato, Civil Procedural Law, Droit Comparé, and Diritto Processuale Civile Europeo)
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[Purchase from non-owner between Italian private law and European trends]. The article, after having analysed the different solutions adopted in the European legal systems with regard to the purchase in good faith of a movable property... more
[Purchase from non-owner between Italian private law and European trends]. The article, after having analysed the different solutions adopted in the European legal systems with regard to the purchase in good faith of a movable property from a non-owner, focuses on art. 1153 of the Italian Civil Code, highlighting the peculiarities of this rule compared to similar ones contained in other European civil codes. In Italy, indeed, the bona fide buyer enjoys a rather extensive protection, which also protects the purchase of stolen goods, even in cases where the thief has sold them.
Research Interests: Business()
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Research Interests: Business()
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This essay analyses the constituent elements of the so-called scrittura teatrale. The scrittura teatrale (also called scrittura artistica) is a contract between an Opera singer and an Opera House with a particularly interesting... more
This essay analyses the constituent elements of the so-called scrittura teatrale. The scrittura teatrale (also called scrittura artistica) is a contract between an Opera singer and an Opera House with a particularly interesting distinctive feature: its terms are quite often determined by rules deriving from a centuries-old tradition which integrates the contract.
Research Interests: Art()
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between international conventions and European Union law on the restitution of cultural goods, highlighting how the adoption of rules on this matter has produced a real change of... more
The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between international conventions and European Union law on the restitution of cultural goods, highlighting how the adoption of rules on this matter has produced a real change of mentality in the international community, which is now much more careful in monitoring the lawful movement of cultural goods. The effects of such a change of mentality are evident: museums today are much more careful in verifying the origin of the objects they buy and are more inclined to return the items that are part of their collections, but that have been illegally exported from their country of origin; moreover, the ICOM has adopted a code of ethics to ensure the transparency of acquisitions. Merchants and collectors have also begun to promote a serious reflection on their role as guarantors in the conservation of cultural heritage.
Research Interests: Business()
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Il saggio si propone di verificare se la prescrizione sia ancora istituto di ordine pubblico o se essa tuteli esclusivamente un interesse delle parti. Negli ultimi anni, infatti, si va viepiù diffondendo nel diritto europeo un’apertura... more
Il saggio si propone di verificare se la prescrizione sia ancora istituto di ordine pubblico o se essa tuteli esclusivamente un interesse delle parti. Negli ultimi anni, infatti, si va viepiù diffondendo nel diritto europeo un’apertura verso gli accordi che derogano alla disciplina della prescrizione, la quale appare incompatibile con la permanenza di un interesse di ordine pubblico. Anche in Italia l’opinione dottrinale che considera la prescrizione estranea all’ordine pubblico guadagna consensi e sembra aver sedotto anche la giurisprudenza. Occorre dunque verificare se, ed entro quali limiti, le parti possano disporre della prescrizione e se il divieto contenuto nell’art. 2936 c.c. conservi la sua ragion d’essere alla luce delle più attuali tendenze del diritto europeo.
Research Interests: Comparative Law, Civil Law, Contract Law, Law of Obligations, Private law, and 15 moreCivil Code, Derecho, Droit Prive, Diritto Civile, European Civil Code, Diritto Privato, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, Diritto Processuale Civile Comparato, Diritto Comparato, Rechtswissenschaften, Private Law, Droit Des Obligations, Derecho De Obligaciones, Droit Des Contrats, and Vertragsrecht
Research Interests: Cultural Studies, Comparative Law, International Law, Diritto Internazionale, Protection of cultural heritage, and 9 moreCultural Property Law, Protection of Cultural Heritage from Illicit Trafficking, Repatriation of Antiquities, Diritto Internazionale Privato E Pocessuale, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, Illicit traffic cultural property, Return and Restitution of Cultural Properties, Kulturgüter, Cultural Property and Intangible Cultural Heritage, and Kulturgüterschutz(Cultural Property Law, Protection of Cultural Heritage from Illicit Trafficking, Repatriation of Antiquities, Diritto Internazionale Privato E Pocessuale, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, Illicit traffic cultural property, Return and Restitution of Cultural Properties, Kulturgüter, Cultural Property and Intangible Cultural Heritage, and Kulturgüterschutz)
(Cultural Property Law, Protection of Cultural Heritage from Illicit Trafficking, Repatriation of Antiquities, Diritto Internazionale Privato E Pocessuale, DIRITTO PRIVATO COMPARATO, Illicit traffic cultural property, Return and Restitution of Cultural Properties, Kulturgüter, Cultural Property and Intangible Cultural Heritage, and Kulturgüterschutz)
http://helacol.eu OBJECTIVE The Jean Monnet Action on “The Harmonization of European and Latin American Consumer Law” aims to train learners and to promote the development of a scientific debate with a cross-sectorial and... more
http://helacol.eu
OBJECTIVE
The Jean Monnet Action on “The Harmonization of European and Latin American Consumer Law” aims to train learners and to promote the development of a scientific debate with a cross-sectorial and multi-disciplinary approach, in order to provide students with a framework which is not limited to the Italian experience, but is open to other legal experiences, both at national and at sub-regional level (in EU and in Latin America).
The reference to the experience of Latin American consumer protection, as well as to the Euro-Latin American dialogue on the integration and harmonization of law, is founded on several reasons, among which: the specialized expertise on the subject of the membership of teaching staff; the absence in the Italian doctrine of an open comparison between EU-Mercosur on the subject and on the movement of the integration and harmonization of European law in other sub-regional contexts; the development of agreements between the Italian political institutions and those of Latin American countries for the reorganization of the Italian-Latin American cooperation in the field of higher education and research, in order to promote a “Science without Borders”.
The Project HELACOL aims also to enhance interest of the lawyers in the EU law and to build up the basis for a future center of European knowledge. The law derived from EU introduced into national legislations a range of new safeguards for consumers (as it happened with the Italian Consumer Code), and among other things it endowed them with important informative protections (such as pre-contractual disclosure obligations) and effective means to satisfy their interests (withdrawal rights, refund rights, special cases of ineffectiveness of unfair terms, compulsory forms of ADR in some markets…), enhancing a constant dialogue between national law and European legislation.
This dialogue covers legal science as a whole, looking to the future, towards a supranational harmonization of consumer law and a balance between ‘mandatory rules’ (which safeguard the effectiveness of the protection levels imposed by the EU) and ‘supplementary rules’ or ‘dispositive rules’ (in acknowledgment of contractual freedom as leading principle of civil law systems).
The Project HELACOL promotes the publication and dissemination of the results of academic research. Common objectives of the membership of teaching staff are the harmonization and integration of consumer law, the identification of general principles that are common to the ‘national law experiences’ of the same ‘legal system’, the reception of international regulation on contract law, the re-codification of civil law in relation to the growing autonomy of consumers’ rights.
REASONS
The deepening knowledge of European legislation in the field of consumer protection, as well as the development of the law itself, induces the European jurist, and first of all law students, to a critical evaluation of the model of ‘consumer contract’. This paradigm manifests an expansive force, progressively including subcontracting agreements, and agency or banking contracts, even when none of the parts can be properly classified as a consumer.
Indeed, rather than connecting the discipline of the contract to the specific (and peculiar) relation between professional and consumer, the new paradigm of the European contract law tends to be hinged on the generic inequity of the contract forces, and thus to subvert the principle of equality and equivalence of the parties on which, conversely, national contract rules in the civil law codification of European countries were based.
The element that would have been once indicated as weakness of one party over another (an element considered typical of the ‘consumer relation’), currently gains considerable relevance in the general discipline of the contract (the so called ‘contractual asymmetry’), creating in lawyers a renewed interest on EU law and stimulating ‘European’ jurists to reflect in a comparative perspective on the application and on the limits of the new European contract law.
CROSS-BORDER DIALOGUE
The goals of the HELACOL have been so far achieved by individual research of the Jean Monnet Module leader, prompting a scientific discussion of wider boundaries, which moves from the experience started in 2004 at the University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, due to the presence there of a large number of Latin American students and researchers (Master-ALFA network OMNEM), which over the years created a growing scientific network.
Through this network, and other more recent links provided by the teaching staff, the project HELACOL will engage others experts, coming from Italian law institutions, as well as Latin American and European universities. These scholars, together with the teaching staff, will be involved in a permanent dialogue, in a roundtable aimed at a broader discussion on HELACOL and in the publishing of a volume of proceedings.
IMPACTS
The Jean Monnet Module HELACOL wants to promote the development of a specialized competence on a specific subject of UE law and to increase opportunities for students at European and International level. It will be considered the object of a synergistic effort involving the various courses of the Department of Legal, Historical, Economic and Social Sciences of the “Magna Graecia” University as well as the postgraduate education promoted for nearly a decade as part of the activities of the PhD in ‘Legal theory and European Economic and Juridical Order’.
OBJECTIVE
The Jean Monnet Action on “The Harmonization of European and Latin American Consumer Law” aims to train learners and to promote the development of a scientific debate with a cross-sectorial and multi-disciplinary approach, in order to provide students with a framework which is not limited to the Italian experience, but is open to other legal experiences, both at national and at sub-regional level (in EU and in Latin America).
The reference to the experience of Latin American consumer protection, as well as to the Euro-Latin American dialogue on the integration and harmonization of law, is founded on several reasons, among which: the specialized expertise on the subject of the membership of teaching staff; the absence in the Italian doctrine of an open comparison between EU-Mercosur on the subject and on the movement of the integration and harmonization of European law in other sub-regional contexts; the development of agreements between the Italian political institutions and those of Latin American countries for the reorganization of the Italian-Latin American cooperation in the field of higher education and research, in order to promote a “Science without Borders”.
The Project HELACOL aims also to enhance interest of the lawyers in the EU law and to build up the basis for a future center of European knowledge. The law derived from EU introduced into national legislations a range of new safeguards for consumers (as it happened with the Italian Consumer Code), and among other things it endowed them with important informative protections (such as pre-contractual disclosure obligations) and effective means to satisfy their interests (withdrawal rights, refund rights, special cases of ineffectiveness of unfair terms, compulsory forms of ADR in some markets…), enhancing a constant dialogue between national law and European legislation.
This dialogue covers legal science as a whole, looking to the future, towards a supranational harmonization of consumer law and a balance between ‘mandatory rules’ (which safeguard the effectiveness of the protection levels imposed by the EU) and ‘supplementary rules’ or ‘dispositive rules’ (in acknowledgment of contractual freedom as leading principle of civil law systems).
The Project HELACOL promotes the publication and dissemination of the results of academic research. Common objectives of the membership of teaching staff are the harmonization and integration of consumer law, the identification of general principles that are common to the ‘national law experiences’ of the same ‘legal system’, the reception of international regulation on contract law, the re-codification of civil law in relation to the growing autonomy of consumers’ rights.
REASONS
The deepening knowledge of European legislation in the field of consumer protection, as well as the development of the law itself, induces the European jurist, and first of all law students, to a critical evaluation of the model of ‘consumer contract’. This paradigm manifests an expansive force, progressively including subcontracting agreements, and agency or banking contracts, even when none of the parts can be properly classified as a consumer.
Indeed, rather than connecting the discipline of the contract to the specific (and peculiar) relation between professional and consumer, the new paradigm of the European contract law tends to be hinged on the generic inequity of the contract forces, and thus to subvert the principle of equality and equivalence of the parties on which, conversely, national contract rules in the civil law codification of European countries were based.
The element that would have been once indicated as weakness of one party over another (an element considered typical of the ‘consumer relation’), currently gains considerable relevance in the general discipline of the contract (the so called ‘contractual asymmetry’), creating in lawyers a renewed interest on EU law and stimulating ‘European’ jurists to reflect in a comparative perspective on the application and on the limits of the new European contract law.
CROSS-BORDER DIALOGUE
The goals of the HELACOL have been so far achieved by individual research of the Jean Monnet Module leader, prompting a scientific discussion of wider boundaries, which moves from the experience started in 2004 at the University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, due to the presence there of a large number of Latin American students and researchers (Master-ALFA network OMNEM), which over the years created a growing scientific network.
Through this network, and other more recent links provided by the teaching staff, the project HELACOL will engage others experts, coming from Italian law institutions, as well as Latin American and European universities. These scholars, together with the teaching staff, will be involved in a permanent dialogue, in a roundtable aimed at a broader discussion on HELACOL and in the publishing of a volume of proceedings.
IMPACTS
The Jean Monnet Module HELACOL wants to promote the development of a specialized competence on a specific subject of UE law and to increase opportunities for students at European and International level. It will be considered the object of a synergistic effort involving the various courses of the Department of Legal, Historical, Economic and Social Sciences of the “Magna Graecia” University as well as the postgraduate education promoted for nearly a decade as part of the activities of the PhD in ‘Legal theory and European Economic and Juridical Order’.