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Martin Bauer-Zetzmann
  • Universität Innsbruck
    Institut für Klassische Philologie und Neulateinische Studien
    Langer Weg 11
    A-6020 Innsbruck,  Austria
With the expansion of trading routes, pilgrimage, and missionary endeavours in the 13th century, Latin travel literature emerged as a distinctive genre like never before. To highlight the importance of this genre, this volume outlines and... more
With the expansion of trading routes, pilgrimage, and missionary endeavours in the 13th century, Latin travel literature emerged as a distinctive genre like never before. To highlight the importance of this genre, this volume outlines and explores current and future research trajectories with a focus on Latin travel literature from c. 1200–1500. Combining digital, codicological, literary, philological, and anthropological approaches the volume analyses the ways in which these texts were produced, distributed, received, read, and how they can be interpreted. It argues for the importance of re-evaluating these texts and revisiting their contents in light of new methodological and theoretical approaches.
Petrarch’s ‘Itinerarium ad sepulcrum Domini nostri Yehsu Cristi’ (1358) is noteworthy among late medieval travel and pilgrimage literature for its unusual features, such as its epistolary form, its detailed descriptions of Italian... more
Petrarch’s ‘Itinerarium ad sepulcrum Domini
nostri Yehsu Cristi’ (1358) is noteworthy among late
medieval travel and pilgrimage literature for its unusual
features, such as its epistolary form, its detailed descriptions
of Italian antiques, and its author never actually having
visited the Holy Land. However, by comparison with
other works from the same period, such as the similarly
structured letter dealing with the famous ascent of Mount
Ventoux (‘Ad familiares’ 4.1) as well as ‘De otio religioso’,
it can be demonstrated that Petrarch combines elements of
pilgrimage literature and Neoplatonic philosophy in order
to make a statement about the relationships between classical
learning, Christian faith, and the human soul’s spiritual
journey to God.
At the beginning of Venantius Fortunatus’ collected poems we read two complementary poems on a church dedicated to St. Andrew by a certain bishop Vitalis. These poems have been interpreted as the author’s earliest, written before he left... more
At the beginning of Venantius Fortunatus’ collected poems we read two complementary poems on a church dedicated to St. Andrew by a certain bishop Vitalis. These poems have been interpreted as the author’s earliest, written before he left Italy. However, close analysis of the gallery of saints in carm. 1.2 suggests both a connection with Tridentum and with the contemporary discourse on Chalcedonianism. In combining literary and historical arguments, this article argues that they may have been written during Venantius’ journey to Gaul, in Aguntum, at the behest of schismatic bishop Vitalis of Altinum. Since Vitalis had probably recommended Venantius to his Austrasian colleagues, and had thus promoted the poet’s career in Gaul in the first place, the first poem of the collection has been carefully positioned to honour him.
This paper aims to revise and reconstruct the highly corrupt text of Heinrich Isaac’s Marianic motet O decus ecclesiae by examining the only manuscript source anew. It can be demonstrated that the text is written in elegiac distichs and... more
This paper aims to revise and reconstruct the highly corrupt text of Heinrich Isaac’s Marianic motet O decus ecclesiae by examining the only manuscript source anew. It can be demonstrated that the text is written in elegiac distichs and artfully blends Christian ideas and classicising language. It is therefore highly probable that its author was one of the leading humanist poets at the court of Emperor Maximilian I and that the elegy was commissioned for a representative event.
Until now, the short cult hymns to Liber, Mars and Juno in the Appendix Claudianea have mostly been seen as rhetorical school exercises. Yet a philological-historical analysis shows that they could be remains of occasional poetry from... more
Until now, the short cult hymns to Liber, Mars and Juno in the Appendix Claudianea have mostly been seen as rhetorical school exercises. Yet a philological-historical analysis shows that they could be remains of occasional poetry from everyday life. The hymns are structured according to the Roman festival calendar and, on the basis of language and content, should probably be dated to the final phase of public non-Christian cult practice in the fourth century. The anonymous poet was familiar with classical Greek and Latin poetry, but reveals weaknesses in Latin prosody and metre. It can therefore be supposed that he should be identified as one of the many Graeco-Egyptian ‘wandering poets’, but probably not as Claudian himself.
In the existing scholarship on the Greek epigram to Queen Elizabeth I attributed to Pietro Bizzarri, the oldest manuscript witness, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek cod. phil. gr. 299 has, until now, gone entirely unnoticed. This... more
In the existing scholarship on the Greek epigram to Queen Elizabeth I attributed to Pietro Bizzarri, the oldest manuscript witness, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek cod. phil. gr. 299 has, until now, gone entirely unnoticed. This manuscript solves several textual problems in the early modern printed editions and gives new insights into the date, authorship, historical context, and early circulation of the epigram. Taking into account the readings of the Viennese manuscript, this article presents a new critical edition of the poem alongside a new English translation and notes. Furthermore, the poem's attribu-tion to the Italian humanist and spy Pietro Bizzarri (1525-ca. 1586), called into question in earlier studies, can now be confirmed. The epigram can now also be placed within a broader context of continental humanist interest in Tudor England.
Analysis of the language of Sappho frg. 55 V., reveals close connections to the language of early sepulchral epigram. However, Sappho subverts the conventions of the epigraphic genre omitting to name an addressee, whereby she enacts a... more
Analysis of the language of Sappho frg. 55 V., reveals close connections to the language of early sepulchral epigram. However, Sappho subverts the conventions of the epigraphic genre omitting to name an addressee, whereby she enacts a poetic damnatio memoriae.
In yet another twist, the Hellenistic poet Nossis apparently reversed the Sapphic model to produce her own auto-epitaph, thus founding a new epigrammatic sub-genre.
* * *
Un’approfondita analisi linguistica di Saffo, fr. 55 V., permette di dimostrare lo stretto rapporto del componimento con la tradizione dell’epigramma sepolcrale arcaico ; tuttavia, omettendo il nome del destinatario, Saffo sovverte le convenzioni del genere e mette in atto una sorta di damnatio memoriae poetica. La poetessa ellenistica Nosside, a sua volta, rovescia il modello di Saffo per produrre il suo autoepitaffio, gettando così le basi di un nuovo sottogenere epigrammatico.
4.-5. April 2019 University of Innsbruck With the expansion of trading routes, pilgrimage, and missionary endeavours in the 13th century, Latin travel literature emerged as a distinctive literary genre like never before. The texts within... more
4.-5. April 2019
University of Innsbruck

With the expansion of trading routes, pilgrimage, and missionary endeavours in the 13th century, Latin travel literature emerged as a distinctive literary genre like never before. The texts within this genre contributed to increasing geographical and ethnographical knowledge about the East, to the evolution of vernacular literature, and to the development of an ever more empirical world view, which ultimately feeds into early Humanism and the Italian Renaissance (e.g. Petrarch).
However, despite the significance of these texts, they have not yet received the scholarly attention they deserve. Many are still awaiting modern critical editions and commentaries and are rarely studied in their own right as literary texts. This neglect appears all the more regretful owing to the fact that so many of these writers were leading theologians and thinkers of their time. With many of these individuals coming out the Dominican and Franciscan Orders, who extolled high learning, these travellers were scholars in their own right and contributed a vast amount to the development of Latin literary forms, styles and strategies during this period. By taking late Medieval Latin travel literature as a discrete literary genre and analysing the ways in which the travellers and pilgrims formulated their travel experiences in text we can learn much about the medieval world view.
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