Typographical substitution for μ, in environments where the correct symbol is not available.
u-
- (proscribed) Alternative form of μ- as an abbreviation of micro-, mikro-, микро- etc.
u-
- Combining form of ur (“water”)
u-
- (subject marker for tense modifying pronouns) I
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
u-
- (away) from
- u- + stoupit (“step”) → ustoupit (“yield”)
- (inchoative)
- (telicity)
- u- + vidět (“see”) → uvidět (“catch sight out of”)
- added to mean a bit
- u- + lít (“pour”) → ulít (“pour off a little”)
- (u- + imperfective base + se) intensification: until exhaustion, expressing final stage of a process. (collocates with k smrti (“to death”))
- u- + kašlat (“have a cough”) → ukašlat se (“die of coughing”)
- u- + smát se (“laugh”) → usmát se (“die of laughing”)
- u- + trápit se (“grieve”) → utrápit se (“die of grief”)
- (on perfective verbs) unintentionally, inadvertently, by mistake
- u- + řeknout (“say once”) → uřeknout (“misspeak, say unintentionally once”)
- (root modality) [i.e., deontic + dynamic modality: ability, obligation, permission, readiness]
- u- + zvednout (“lift”) → uzvednout (“be able to lift”)
- u- + nést (“carry”) → unést (“be able to carry”)
- to gain by activity
- u- + šetřit (“to save”) → ušetřit (“to save up”)
- ušetřit peníze. ― to save money.
- u-/ú- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
u-
- in-, un-, non-; (prefix meaning not, reversing the meaning)
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.
u-
- you singular (used for conjugating verbs to the subjective or nominative case of the personal pronoun)
u-
- Alternative form of mu-
Kambera pronominal clitics
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.
u- (medial wu-)
- you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
u-
- Class 1a noun prefix.
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.
u- (medial ka-)
- he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.
u- (medial wu-)
- he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.
u-
- Class 11 noun prefix; form of ulu- used before stems of more than one syllable.
From Old Norse ú-, ó-, from Proto-Germanic *un-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-, a prefix use of the particle *ne (“not”). Doublet of a-.
u-
- un-, (in certain cases) im-
- an abbreviation of certain words beginning with "u"
- “u-” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
From Old Norse ú- or ó-, English un-, German un-. With the intensifying function probably influenced by ov-.
u-
- un- (not)
- flaks → uflaks
- luck → bad luck
- used to create an undesired version of the following noun
- vêr → uvêr
- weather → severe weather
- tid → utid
- time → inconvenient time
- used to strengthen/intensify the following noun
- tal → utal
- number → huge number
- an abbreviation of certain words beginning with "u"
- “u-” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *u-.
u-
- perfective prefix
- u- + wiązać → uwiązać
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.
u- (medial wu-)
- you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.
u- (medial ka-)
- he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.
u- (medial wu-)
- he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.
Inherited from Old Polish u-, from Proto-Slavic *u-.
- IPA(key): /u/
- Rhymes: -u
- Syllabification: u
u-
- appears in front of some verbs meaning: to make something behave in a certain way, en-, be-, make
- Synonym: o-
- u- + łatwy → ułatwiać
- perfective prefix
- u- + bóść → ubóść
- added to mean "a bit"
- u- + lać → ulać
- added to mean away
- u- + iść → ujść
- (rare) added to mean successfully, often without an imperfective counterpart
- u- + ciągnąć → uciągnąć
- u- + rzucić → urzucić
- u- in Polish dictionaries at PWN
From Proto-Slavic *u-. Prefixed form of the preposition u.
u-
- Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:
- (no change in meaning)
- u- + branīti (“to defend”) → ubranīti (“to defend”)
- away
- u- + téči (“to run”) → utéči (“to run away, escape”)
- (reflexive) to make a mistake while
- u- + štẹ́ti (“to count”) → uštẹ́ti (“to miscount”)
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.
u- (medial wu-)
- you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.
u- (medial ka-)
- he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.
u- (medial wu-)
- he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *dʊ̀- and Proto-Bantu *bʊ̀-.
u- (plural n- or ma-)
- u class(XI) noun prefix, denoting natural objects, extensions, abstract qualities, or collections of small things.
- ulimi mrefu ― a long tongue
- -ness, -ity
- u- + -chafu (“dirty”) → uchafu (“dirtiness”)
- u- + mtoto (“child”) → utoto (“childhood”)
- u- + binafsi (“self”) → ubinafsi (“individualism”)
- forms names of countries
- u- + French France (“France”) → Ufaransa (“France”)
Swahili merged the Bantu classes XI and XIV into one u class(XI), having its adjective agreement in m class(III).
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.
u-
- you, 2nd person singular subject concord
- Antonym: hu-
Number
|
Person
|
Independent
|
Subject concord
|
Object concord
|
Combined forms
|
Possessive
|
affirmative
|
negative
|
na
|
ndi-
|
si-
|
Singular |
First
|
mimi
|
ni-
|
si-
|
-ni-
|
nami, na mimi
|
ndimi, ndiye
|
simi, siye
|
-angu
|
Second
|
wewe
|
u-
|
hu-
|
-ku-
|
nawe, na wewe
|
ndiwe, ndiye
|
siwe, siye
|
-ako
|
Third
|
yeye
|
a-, yu-
|
ha-, hayu-
|
-m-, -mw-, -mu-
|
naye, na yeye
|
ndiye
|
siye
|
-ake
|
Plural |
First
|
sisi
|
tu-
|
hatu-
|
-tu-
|
nasi, na sisi
|
ndisi, ndio
|
sio
|
-etu
|
Second
|
ninyi
|
m-, mw-, mu-
|
ham-, hamw-, hamu-
|
-wa-
|
nanyi, na ninyi
|
ndinyi, ndio
|
sinyi, sio
|
-enu
|
Third
|
wao
|
wa-
|
hawa-
|
-wa-
|
nao
|
ndio
|
sio
|
-ao
|
Reflexive
|
—
|
—
|
-ji-
|
—
|
—
|
For a full table including other classes, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns.
|
From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́- and Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-.
u-
- it, m class(III)/u class(XI) subject concord
- Antonym: hau-
18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi[1], stanza 13:هُنُ اُلِمِغُ بَحَرِ تِيْسِ ، اُنَ مَتُبَوِ نَمَغِ مَاسِ،- Hunu ulimwengu baḥari tesi, una matumbawe na-mangi masi,
- This world is a troubled sea, it has corals and much wickedness;
- verb-initial form of -u- (“it, m class(III)/u class(XI) object concord”)
Swahili verbal concords (third person)
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.
u- (medial wu-)
- you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.
u- (medial ka-)
- he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.
u- (medial wu-)
- he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.
u-
- (transitive) Third person singular subject + third person duoplural object.
u-
- Marks the irrealis mood
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.
u- (medial wu-)
- you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
u-
- Class 1a noun prefix.
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.
u- (medial ka-)
- he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.
u- (medial wu-)
- he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.
u-
- Class 11 noun prefix; form of ulu- used before stems of more than one syllable.
u-
- Allomorph of y- (first-person prefix) used for stems that begin with two consonants and have a first vowel u.
Ye'kwana personal markers
|
pronoun
|
noun possessor/ series II verb argument
|
postposition object
|
series I verb argument
|
transitive patient
|
intransitive patient-like
|
intransitive agent-like
|
transitive agent
|
first person
|
ewü
|
y-, ∅-, ü-, u-1
|
w-, wi-
|
first person dual inclusive
|
küwü
|
k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
|
k-, kii-, ki-1
|
second person
|
amödö
|
ö-, öy-/ödh-, o-, oy-/odh-, a-, ay-/adh-
|
m-, mi-
|
first person dual exclusive
|
nña
|
y-/dh-, ch-, ∅-, i-1
|
chö-
|
∅-
|
n-, ni-
|
third person
|
tüwü
|
n-, ni-
|
distant past third person
|
—
|
kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini-
|
coreferential/reflexive
|
—
|
t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te-
|
—
|
reciprocal
|
—
|
—
|
öö-
|
- With following vowel lengthened if in an unreduced open syllable.
|
|
series I verb argument: transitive agent and transitive patient
|
first person > second person
|
mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
|
first person dual exclusive > second person
|
second person > first person
|
k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
|
second person > first person dual exclusive
|
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person
|
see person X in the chart above
|
IPA(key): /ù/
ù-
- (CY, SEY) abstract or instrument nominalizing prefix
Forms both abstract and concrete nouns:
IPA(key): /ū/
u-
- (CY, SEY) non-gerundive nominalizing prefix
- u- + kú (“to die”) → ukú (“death”)
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ̀-.
u- (medial wu-)
- you, thou; second-person singular subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-. This noun class is marked simply with the class 1 augment and a null prefix.
ú-
- Class 1a noun prefix.
From Proto-Bantu *ʊ́-.
ú- (medial ká-)
- he, she, it; class 1 subject concord.
From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-.
ú- (medial wú-)
- he, she, it; class 3 subject concord.
Contracted from earlier úlu-, from Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-dʊ̀-.
û-
- Class 11 noun prefix.