- Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarskiy Kray, Russia
Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала.This article presents operational data and their statistical analysis for open pit mines in Krasnoyarsk krai and Khakassia. Evaluation criterion of... more
Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала.This article presents operational data and their statistical analysis for open pit mines in Krasnoyarsk krai and Khakassia. Evaluation criterion of operation efficiency of drilling machinery is presented together with its actual values. Specific costs of drilling rig operation and unit costs of drilling tools per 1 linear meter (LM) of drilled well are presented. The structure of prime cost of machine shift of rig operation is described. Operation efficiency of drilling machinery is analyzed for some Siberian mining companies on the basis of field trials: AO Polyus, AO Rusal–Achinsk, Gorievski GOK (mining and processing company), as well as Chernogorsk, East Beiski and Izykhski opencast coal mines (Khakassia). It has been determined that Russian drilling rigs are less mobile and efficient in comparison with foreign analogs. However, this drawback is compensated by significantly lower cost of the machin...
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Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала.The article deals with the problem of reducing dredge performance when operating at subzero air temperatures. This problem is particularly relevant for... more
Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала.The article deals with the problem of reducing dredge performance when operating at subzero air temperatures. This problem is particularly relevant for deposits located in the Far North, where the dredging season is limited by climatic conditions. During the period of subzero air temperatures dredge performance decreases significantly due to the icing of dredge structure. In consequence, dredging operations are terminated until the occurrence of favorable conditions for work. The article presents the review of the existing methods aimed at extending the dredging season, providing their systematization, which is based on the methods of water lanes’ maintenance and formation in the open-pit dredging. The authors propose a method to isolate the open-pit mine with artificial materials, as well as consider the application of similar structures in the dredging industry. Existing structures are used to store ...
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Stoping, which is the initial link in the chain of the production processes of coal-face operation, significantly determines the performance of handling and mining-and-conveyor equipment, as well as losses and ore contamination. The size... more
Stoping, which is the initial link in the chain of the production processes of coal-face operation, significantly determines the performance of handling and mining-and-conveyor equipment, as well as losses and ore contamination. The size of the broken ore determines the cost of its mechanical crushing before lifting. Besides, the quality of breaking has a direct effect on the efficiency of ore enrichment. This influence manifests itself mainly in a significant increase in the cost of mechanical crushing and grinding of the ore, which are the most energy-consuming processes in ore dressing. The share of breaking in the direct financial costs of hard ore development, depending on the rock strength, reaches 20 – 35 %. Assuming that the main purpose of blasting operations in the mine is the destruction of the rock massif with creating the conditions for high-performance execution of the subsequent production processes of ore extraction, one should be careful about cost savings on breaki...
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Mineral resources are the basis of economic growth and independence of any state. Various technologies and methods are used for the mineral extraction. However, the drilling and blasting operations are still dominant. Drilling and... more
Mineral resources are the basis of economic growth and independence of any state. Various technologies and methods are used for the mineral extraction. However, the drilling and blasting operations are still dominant. Drilling and blasting operations are first in the chain of mining technological process and determine the economic efficiency of the entire cycle of mining and primary processing of minerals in the enterprise. The cost of drilling and blasting operations is a significant part of total production costs of large mining companies. Therefore, the improvement of the drilling and blasting technology is one of the key issues in the complex of tasks of the deposit development efficiency improvement. In this context, one of the main technological tasks facing mining engineers today is a reduction of the oversized fraction output. Currently, the efforts of scientists are aimed at developing reliable grain-size composition predicting models for the extracting rock mass, as one of...
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Regional competitiveness, Competitiveness (Economics), Mining Industry, Competitiveness, Industrial Minerals, and 11 moreMonopolization, Industrial minerals and rocks, Resource Monopolization, Market Concentration, UNCTAD, Economies in Transition, Subsoil, Non Metallic Inclusions, Non-Metallic Fasteners, Developmental Status, and Herfindahl-Hirschmann Index
The growing needs of mankind for minerals predetermine a systematic increase in the scope of mining operations. However, it is known that mineral resources are not evenly distributed in the bowels of the earth; therefore, due to their... more
The growing needs of mankind for minerals predetermine a systematic increase in the scope of mining operations. However, it is known that mineral resources are not evenly distributed in the bowels of the earth; therefore, due to their production, some regions of our planet can significantly outstrip other regions in their technical and, as a result, economic development; hence, the constant need to extract more minerals in order to develop the domestic industry and to strengthen the economy. This paper is devoted to the Central Asian states, their internal structure, economic integration into the world economy, and the mining sector development as the basis of a successful model for the development of the country as a whole. The study summarizes and analyzes the political system and socio-economic conditions in the Central Asian states. It presents a brief overview of the scale of mining operations; provides information about the mining industry structure in each country and the pro...
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In order to provide the most efficient indices of development of underground excavations the main attention is paid to blasting operations, namely, to determination of optimum parameters of drilling and blasting operations. Development of... more
In order to provide the most efficient indices of development of underground excavations the main attention is paid to blasting operations, namely, to determination of optimum parameters of drilling and blasting operations. Development of new and reconstruction of existing mines require for extended scope of excavating works, their length can reach some tens of kilometers. Up till now excavations at most of mines are developed using drilling and blasting operations. Improvement of drilling and blasting operations is one of trends to increase efficiency of excavation development. Reliability extent of calculated parameters of drilling and blasting operations can influence on technical and economical performances of excavation development. At present numerous existing procedures are empiric dependencies, they are based on primary determination of specific consumption of explosive. The main drawback of such procedures is the application of coefficients of specific consumption, which va...
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In Russia, the mineral resource base is used on a particularly large scale, and the mining complex is essentially a basic industry for the maintenance and development of our country's economy. It determines the need for a careful and... more
In Russia, the mineral resource base is used on a particularly large scale, and the mining complex is essentially a basic industry for the maintenance and development of our country's economy. It determines the need for a careful and responsible attitude to our subsoil riches – mineral deposits. In this regard, minimizing the level of losses and dilution of ore becomes one of the key requirements for the stoping technology. The highest levels of ore losses in an array are formed in mining areas of ore bodies contact with the host rock mass as a result of a mismatch between the mining contour and the geological contact surface. The complexity of the contact of ore and host rocks is usually characterized by the so-called "stochastic contact area". The technological complexity of ore mining at the ore-rock contact is determined by variability of geometric parameters of the "stochasticity zone" on the geologic contact plane. In this article, the issues on setting...
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The issue of the absence of any formalized methods showing nonlinear dependence of the drilling rate on the drilling rod assembly speed has been revealed. The peculiarities, influencing the greatest number of cycles prior to the... more
The issue of the absence of any formalized methods showing nonlinear dependence of the drilling rate on the drilling rod assembly speed has been revealed. The peculiarities, influencing the greatest number of cycles prior to the destruction of bit legs, have been defined. The results of an investigation into the process of impact load harmonics formation and superposition, as well as into the interrelation of drilling process parameters in different loading conditions, with due regard for an adaptive element smoothing the impact load harmonics when passing through rock of different drillability indices, have been adduced. It has been determined that an adaptive element is required for ensuring timely system response to the exposed object properties change, as well as for maintaining the optimum ratio of model parameters in the course of its operation. The approach to determining the roller cone bit speed, at which the bit teeth contact time will be sufficient for energy transfer, re...
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The blasting experience in Zapolyarny Mine is described, and the actual oversized/undersized fragmentation of blasting from haulage drift is presented. The drilling-and-blasting pattern parameters provide insufficient fragmentation... more
The blasting experience in Zapolyarny Mine is described, and the actual oversized/undersized fragmentation of blasting from haulage drift is presented. The drilling-and-blasting pattern parameters provide insufficient fragmentation quality, which elevates the blasting cost and reduces its efficiency. It is shown that the actual oversized/undersized fragmentation agrees with the Kuz–Ram fragmentation model. This allows adjusting the calculation parameters of uniformity index for the prediction and optimization of grain-size composition in broken muck. Possible causes of oversized/undersized fragmentation are discussed.
Research Interests: Mining Engineering, Environmental Science, Statistical Signal Processing, Ore deposits, Forensic Engineering, and 13 moreRock fractures, Grain size, Blasting, Underground Mining, Rock blasting, Grain Size Analysis, Haulage, Drilling and Blasting, Rock Fragmentation By Blasting, Explosives and Shaped Charges, Geotechnical of Underground Mining, Blasthole Drilling, and Experimental Works
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ABSTRACT
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The Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation has a significant number of placer gold deposits. Many of them are developed by hydraulic mining. Significant clay content in host rocks complicates the process of breaking them,... more
The Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation has a significant number of placer gold deposits. Many of them are developed by hydraulic mining. Significant clay content in host rocks complicates the process of breaking them, which ultimately leads to an increase in the cost of work. Based on the authors' earlier research, technological solutions for rock jetting with ejection of abrasive particles having density of 1.7 t/m 3 are proposed to apply for overburden and mining operations in placers. The presence of solid particles in a jet makes it abrasive, and then it is possible to break the hard-towash clay mass with much greater efficiency, thus increasing rock jetting performance.
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The blasting experience in Zapolyarny Mine is described, and the actual oversized/undersized fragmentation of blasting from haulage drift is presented. The drilling-and-blasting pattern parameters provide insufficient fragmentation... more
The blasting experience in Zapolyarny Mine is described, and the actual oversized/undersized fragmentation of blasting from haulage drift is presented. The drilling-and-blasting pattern parameters provide insufficient fragmentation quality, which elevates the blasting cost and reduces its efficiency. It is shown that the actual oversized/undersized fragmentation agrees with the Kuz-Ram fragmentation model. This allows adjusting the calculation parameters of uniformity index for the prediction and optimization of grain-size composition in broken muck. Possible causes of oversized/undersized fragmentation are discussed.
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This paper considers the issue of mining non-metallic (rock) products in the context of transition economies. Our studies have shown that interest in nonmetallic products is growing every year, as evidenced by the growing volumes of... more
This paper considers the issue of mining non-metallic (rock) products in the context of transition economies. Our studies have shown that interest in nonmetallic products is growing every year, as evidenced by the growing volumes of production both around the world and in the group of countries considered in the article. The market analysis for non-metallic minerals has revealed the market development dynamics; however, its high monopolization may lead to some restrictions on free competition in subsoil use. In order to assess such monopolization, we have calculated the Herfindahl-Hirschman index for each non-metallic mineral mined in countries with economies in transition. We have found that the entire product range under consideration is part of a highly concentrated market dominated by the Russian Federation. We have presented some options for designing and introducing various kinds of arrangements to develop the mining potential of non-metallic minerals in order to reduce the dominant component of individual countries or companies and to balance the market. It is proposed to consider a partial transition from the possibility of developing deposits to an underground one-as an alternative option that harms the environmental load on the situation in the mining area. The results of this study will be used to conduct a detailed analysis in each country under review, which will provide the most complete picture of the mining industry in countries with economies in transition.
Research Interests: Regional competitiveness, Competitiveness (Economics), Mining Industry, Competitiveness, Industrial Minerals, and 10 moreMonopolization, Industrial minerals and rocks, Resource Monopolization, Market Concentration, UNCTAD, Economies in Transition, Non Metallic Inclusions, Non-Metallic Fasteners, Developmental Status, and Herfindahl-Hirschmann Index
The authors consider the problem of reducing the dredge performance when operating at subzero air temperatures. This problem is particularly relevant for deposits located in the Far North, where the dredging season is limited by climatic... more
The authors consider the problem of reducing the dredge performance when operating at subzero air temperatures. This problem is particularly relevant for deposits located in the Far North, where the dredging season is limited by climatic conditions. During the period of subzero air temperatures dredge performance decreases significantly due to the icing of dredge structure. In consequence, dredging operations are terminated until the occurrence of favorable conditions for work. In this regard, the authors propose a method for isolating the open-pit mine with a hangar made of contemporary construction materials. Cellular polycarbonate, which has several advantages, was chosen as the most promising material for insulating dredging works. The article offers the technical and technological solutions for the proposed method of extending the dredging season. The costs of a dredge hangar for dredges of different sizes and the annual cost of its movement are calculated. A method has been developed for determining the optimal maneuvering angle of the dredge and the width of the single face, whose values depend on the type of dredge and the gold content in the sand. The areas of dredge hangars are determined by the graphical-analytic method. The article presents an example of the air temperature dynamics in a dredge hangar during the year, as well as determines the duration of the mining season.
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The growing needs of mankind for minerals predetermine a systematic increase in the scope of mining operations. However, it is known that mineral resources are not evenly distributed in the bowels of the earth; therefore, due to their... more
The growing needs of mankind for minerals predetermine a systematic increase in the scope of mining operations. However, it is known that mineral resources are not evenly distributed in the bowels of the earth; therefore, due
to their production, some regions of our planet can significantly outstrip other regions in their technical and, as a result, economic development; hence, the constant need to extract more minerals in order to develop the domestic industry and to strengthen the economy. This paper is devoted to the Central Asian states, their internal structure, economic integration into the world economy, and the mining sector development as the basis of a successful model for the development of the country as a whole. The study summarizes and analyzes the political system and socio-economic conditions in the Central Asian states. It presents a brief overview of the scale of mining operations; provides information about the mining industry structure in each country and the proceeds from its sales. Taking the Central Asian states as an example, we demonstrate the importance of the mining sector as an integral part of a country’s domestic economic structure.
to their production, some regions of our planet can significantly outstrip other regions in their technical and, as a result, economic development; hence, the constant need to extract more minerals in order to develop the domestic industry and to strengthen the economy. This paper is devoted to the Central Asian states, their internal structure, economic integration into the world economy, and the mining sector development as the basis of a successful model for the development of the country as a whole. The study summarizes and analyzes the political system and socio-economic conditions in the Central Asian states. It presents a brief overview of the scale of mining operations; provides information about the mining industry structure in each country and the proceeds from its sales. Taking the Central Asian states as an example, we demonstrate the importance of the mining sector as an integral part of a country’s domestic economic structure.
Research Interests: Central Asia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Mining Industry, and 11 moreKazakhstan, Mineral Resources, Political Stability, Relationship between Economic Growth and Social Freedoms, GDP Per Capita, Kyrgyz Republic, Geographic Locations of Interest: Alpine and Subalpine Systems, Central Asian Societies, Political, Social, and Economic Conditions Across Countries, Political Freedoms, and Stability Index(Kazakhstan, Mineral Resources, Political Stability, Relationship between Economic Growth and Social Freedoms, GDP Per Capita, Kyrgyz Republic, Geographic Locations of Interest: Alpine and Subalpine Systems, Central Asian Societies, Political, Social, and Economic Conditions Across Countries, Political Freedoms, and Stability Index)
(Kazakhstan, Mineral Resources, Political Stability, Relationship between Economic Growth and Social Freedoms, GDP Per Capita, Kyrgyz Republic, Geographic Locations of Interest: Alpine and Subalpine Systems, Central Asian Societies, Political, Social, and Economic Conditions Across Countries, Political Freedoms, and Stability Index)
It is considered to be the most effective to use water jetting for placer deposits, composed of clay wall rock. To increase its production, various constructive and technological methods are possible to apply. For the breaking performance... more
It is considered to be the most effective to use water jetting for placer deposits, composed of clay wall rock. To increase its production, various constructive and technological methods are possible to apply. For the breaking performance increasing, the use of a special device has been proposed, which ensures the ejection of solid abrasive particles into the hydro monitor barrel. The use of this device allows increasing the performance of the hydraulic breaking of the mined rock mass by 4.8-7.4 times. The use of the technology is most effective when applying a mining method with minor or side mine face at an angle of about 35° between the mine face and the jetting axis, but does not exclude the use of other mining methods.
Research Interests:
In Russia, the mineral resource base is used on a particularly large scale, and the mining complex is essentially a basic industry for the maintenance and development of our country's economy. It determines the need for a careful and... more
In Russia, the mineral resource base is used on a particularly large scale, and the mining complex is essentially a basic industry for the maintenance and development of our country's economy. It determines the need for a careful and responsible attitude to our subsoil riches-mineral deposits. In this regard, minimizing the level of losses and dilution of ore becomes one of the key requirements for the stoping technology. The highest levels of ore losses in an array are formed in mining areas of ore bodies contact with the host rock mass as a result of a mismatch between the mining contour and the geological contact surface. The complexity of the contact of ore and host rocks is usually characterized by the so-called "stochastic contact area". The technological complexity of ore mining at the ore-rock contact is determined by variability of geometric parameters of the "stochasticity zone" on the geologic contact plane. In this article, the issues on setting of losses and dilution when mining the near-contact zones are discussed. The method of calculating the specified values of losses and dilution in the stochasticity zone is provided. The authors developed an algorithm for determining the profile of contact. In the stochasticity zone, a contact can take a rectangular, sinusoidal, sawtooth or straight profile. The research showed the influence of contact profile on the level of losses and dilution of ore; the formulas for calculating the ratios are provided. When using the proposed method, it is possible to most easily and reliably determine the specified values of ore losses on the contacts.
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The issue of the absence of any formalized methods showing nonlinear dependence of the drilling rate on the drilling rod assembly speed has been revealed. The peculiarities, influencing the greatest number of cycles prior to the... more
The issue of the absence of any formalized methods showing nonlinear dependence of the drilling rate on the drilling rod assembly speed has been revealed. The peculiarities, influencing the greatest number of cycles prior to the destruction of bit legs, have been defined. The results of an investigation into the process of impact load harmonics formation and superposition, as well as into the interrelation of drilling process parameters in different loading conditions, with due regard for an adaptive element smoothing the impact load harmonics when passing through rock of different drillability indices, have been adduced. It has been determined that an adaptive element is required for ensuring timely system response to the exposed object properties change, as well as for maintaining the optimum ratio of model parameters in the course of its operation. The approach to determining the roller cone bit speed, at which the bit teeth contact time will be sufficient for energy transfer, resulting in the required rock volume cutting, has been defined. The conditions for rock cutting maximum efficiency have been found. The effective way of reducing temporary and cyclic loads on specific bearing rolling elements and teeth has been determined. The procedure for calculating the optimum roller cone bit speed, maximum permissible feeding force and tricone bit life in the course of drilling rock masses of different stress-strain properties has been developed.
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Mineral resources are the basis of economic growth and independence of any state. Various technologies and methods are used for the mineral extraction. However, the drilling and blasting operations are still dominant. Drilling and... more
Mineral resources are the basis of economic growth and independence of any state. Various technologies and methods are used for the mineral extraction. However, the drilling and blasting operations are still dominant. Drilling and blasting operations are first in the chain of mining technological process and determine the economic efficiency of the entire cycle of mining and primary processing of minerals in the enterprise. The cost of drilling and blasting operations is a significant part of total production costs of large mining companies. Therefore, the improvement of the drilling and blasting technology is one of the key issues in the complex of tasks of the deposit development efficiency improvement. In this context, one of the main technological tasks facing mining engineers today is a reduction of the oversized fraction output. Currently, the efforts of scientists are aimed at developing reliable grain-size composition predicting models for the extracting rock mass, as one of the initial factors for reducing economic losses throughout the technological cycle. However, many of the existing models do not consider the mutual influence of a number of factors, which explains the instability of the drilling and blasting performance indicators, their low efficiency and, as a result, an increased oversized fraction output. The model for grain-size composition predicting for mining enterprises will be interesting only if the proposed technological solution together with a pre-established fraction of rock mass will increase the efficiency of blasting
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The article deals with the problem of reducing dredge performance when operating at subzero air temperatures. This problem is particularly relevant for deposits located in the Far North, where the dredging season is limited by climatic... more
The article deals with the problem of reducing dredge performance when operating at subzero air temperatures. This problem is particularly relevant for deposits located in the Far North, where the dredging season is limited by climatic conditions. During the period of subzero air temperatures dredge performance decreases significantly due to the icing of dredge structure. In consequence, dredging operations are terminated until the occurrence of favorable conditions for work. The article presents the review of the existing methods aimed at extending the dredging season, providing their systematization, which is based on the methods of water lanes' maintenance and formation in the open-pit dredging. The authors propose a method to isolate the open-pit mine with artificial materials, as well as consider the application of similar structures in the dredging industry. Existing structures are used to store mineral dumps, protect the environment from dust, as well as for other purposes. It was revealed that the most perspective material to isolate dredges was polycarbonate, possessing a number of advantages. An experiment was conducted to confirm the effectiveness of this method by creating a facility in the form of a hangar model. The hangar model was performed on a scale in compliance with geometric similarity. Thermal sensors and an infrared camera were used to record the results. This allowed obtaining the distribution of thermal fields in the constructed experimental hangar. The developed mathematical model allows determining the temperature inside the isolated space of the open-pit dredging depending on the water temperature of the open-pit and the ambient air temperature. It is revealed that the application of the proposed method will extend the dredging season, or even make it year-round. The authors have calculated hangar sizes while all sizes were accepted minimum for reducing the cost of construction and keeping the heat inside it. The application of the proposed method for straight and oblique dredging was considered. The hangar area was determined for the development of mines with dredges of different standard size. The optimal method of rock excavation was revealed. The authors offer the scope of application, as well as the technology aimed at extending dredging season.
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The article is devoted to the task today to improve the effectiveness of blasting during construction of horizontal and inclined mine excavations. Construction of new and reconstruction of existing mines requires large volume of... more
The article is devoted to the task today to improve the effectiveness of blasting during construction of horizontal and inclined mine excavations. Construction of new and reconstruction of existing mines requires large volume of excavation works, which length can reach tens of kilometers for only one project. Drilling and blasting workings allow not only to break out rocks from a frontal part of an excavation, but also cause an internal effect, which can lead to undesired damage that, in turn, often lead to increased expenses for excavation operations and safety problems for personnel. Calculation methods for blasting and explosion operations is a topical issue in mining industry as they allow to improve characteristics of excavation works and safety of explosion operations. Dozens of scientists offer their design, which reflects the vision of the problem and its solution. There are many methods for calculating the parameters of drilling and blasting, but so far not developed a uniform methodology of calculation, which would encompass all the factors and explained the mechanism of formation of cracks around the explosive charge and the process of breaking rock. The paper presents a novel methodology for calculations for blasting and explosion operations. That methodology comprises various specifics of rock geology and mining engineering during works in horizontal and vertical excavations. In this paper given an algorithm for calculation two main areas of destruction: crushed zone and fracturing zone. In addition, article outlines main aspects of Mining Engineering Development from Antiquity until present days and presents the dynamic of mineral resources.
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One of the main technological tasks facing mining engineers today is a reduction of the oversized fraction output. Currently, the efforts of scientists are aimed at developing reliable grain-size composition predicting models for the... more
One of the main technological tasks facing mining engineers today is a reduction of the oversized fraction output. Currently, the efforts of scientists are aimed at developing reliable grain-size composition predicting models for the extracting rock mass, as one of the initial factors for reducing economic losses throughout the technological cycle. However, many of the existing models do not consider the mutual influence of a number of factors, which explains the instability of the drilling and blasting performance indicators, their low efficiency and, as a result, an increased oversized fraction output. The model for grain-size composition predicting for mining enterprises will be interesting only if the proposed technological solution together with a pre-established fraction of rock mass will increase the efficiency of blasting operations with the desired reduction of all material and non-material expenditures. In this paper the authors give a brief overview of the global mining volumes; provides information on the extraction of key types of minerals, as well as revenues derived from their sale. They also specify the direction for future actions in creating a predicting model for the rock mass output of a certain fragmentation after the explosion.
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Purpose. To improve rock classification in terms of explosivity relying upon the detailed analysis of characteristics of rating classifications available in the Russian Federation and in the world. Methods. Complex approach has been... more
Purpose. To improve rock classification in terms of explosivity relying upon the detailed analysis of characteristics of rating classifications available in the Russian Federation and in the world. Methods. Complex approach has been applied involving comparison of sizes of particle-size fractions determined in terms of both national and the world standards; information gathering and processing as for the available classifications intended to identify difficulties of rock explosivity; compilation of comparative systematic of classifications or methods being considered. Findings. Both national and the world rock classifications in terms of explosivity have been considered. While comparing national classifications as for the difficulties of rock mass failure (i.e. explosivity), a comparative table has been compiled where the most popular rock classifications are compared. Analysis of the world practices, concerning compilation of rock classifications in terms of explosivity, has shown that their approaches differ from Russian ones slightly. In the first instance, they are empiric dependences being calculated for each rock mass type separately in any single case. It has been determined that geomechanical classification of D. Lobshir (MRMR) is the most popular and rating world system to evaluate rock explosivity. It has been demonstrated that while compiling such classifications, foreign scientific writers put an emphasis on physical and mechanical indices of rocks (i.e. density, fissility, compression strength, tensile strength etc.) as well as on mine engineering ones (i.e. line of the least resistance, well diameter and depth, stope height etc.) which determines essential reliability of calculation of drilling-and-blasting parameters. Originality. The research is the first stage of the development of the unified transition classification from Russian explosivity scales to the comparable world methodic practices as for rock mass explosivity. Practical implications. To perform rapid transition from one explosivity classification to the other. The findings are recommended to be used while projecting drilling and blasting operations in the context of any types of minerals and in the context of academic activity.
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This article presents operational data and their statistical analysis for open pit mines in Krasnoyarsk krai and Khakassia. Evaluation criterion of operation efficiency of drilling machinery is presented together with its actual values.... more
This article presents operational data and their statistical analysis for open pit mines in Krasnoyarsk krai and Khakassia. Evaluation criterion of operation efficiency of drilling machinery is presented together with its actual values. Specific costs of drilling rig operation and unit costs of drilling tools per 1 linear meter (LM) of drilled well are presented. The structure of prime cost of machine shift of rig operation is described. Operation efficiency of drilling machinery is analyzed for some Siberian mining companies on the basis of field trials: AO Polyus, AO Rusal-Achinsk, Gorievski GOK (mining and processing company), as well as Chernogorsk, East Beiski and Izykhski opencast coal mines (Khakassia). It has been determined that Russian drilling rigs are less mobile and efficient in comparison with foreign analogs. However, this drawback is compensated by significantly lower cost of the machinery and low unit costs of well drilling per 1 LM. Appropriate recommendations are given.
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Stoping, which is the initial link in the chain of the production processes of coal-face operation, significantly determines the performance of handling and mining-andconveyor equipment, as well as losses and ore contamination. The size... more
Stoping, which is the initial link in the chain of the production processes of coal-face operation, significantly determines the performance of handling and mining-andconveyor equipment, as well as losses and ore contamination. The size of the broken ore determines the cost of its mechanical crushing before lifting. Besides, the quality of breaking has a direct effect on the efficiency of ore enrichment. This influence manifests itself mainly in a significant increase in the cost of mechanical crushing and grinding of the ore, which are the most energy-consuming processes in ore dressing. The share of breaking in the direct financial costs of hard ore development, depending on the rock strength, reaches 20-35 %. Assuming that the main purpose of blasting operations in the mine is the destruction of the rock massif with creating the conditions for high-performance execution of the subsequent production processes of ore extraction, one should be careful about cost savings on breaking. The fact is that the proposed activities that reduce the cost of drilling and blasting may result in general deterioration of the quality of breaking. Therefore, the criterion of efficiency of any variant of blast hole drilling is to be an integrated indicator of the overall economic result of the entire production process chain, from coal-face operation to enrichment. Naturally, under certain conditions, when the effect of the results of stoping has local nature, the calculations can be made not for the entire production complex. This work analyzes the existing methods of calculating the parameters of blast hole drilling (BHD) in longhole stoping and considers the mining factors that affect the efficiency of stoping in similar geological conditions, namely, the oversize yield and the cost of coal-face operation. In practice, there are no methods for calculating the parameters of BHD that would be recognized as uniform and quite satisfying the needs of enterprises in all regions and types of mining. Depending on the local conditions, the homedeveloped methods proven by the practice are used, which are improved with experience. This work shows the experience in ore stoping at the Zapolyarny mine, and provides the results of industrial observations of the actual oversize yield.
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It is considered to be the most effective to use water jetting for placer deposits, composed of clay wall rock. To increase its production, various constructive and technological methods are possible to apply. For the breaking performance... more
It is considered to be the most effective to use water jetting for placer deposits, composed of clay wall rock. To increase its production, various constructive and technological methods are possible to apply. For the breaking performance increasing, the use of a special device has been proposed, which ensures the ejection of solid abrasive particles into the hydro monitor barrel. The use of this device allows increasing the performance of the hydraulic breaking of the mined rock mass by 4.8-7.4 times. The use of the technology is most effective when applying a mining method with minor or side mine face at an angle of about 35° between the mine face and the jetting axis, but does not exclude the use of other mining methods.
Research Interests:
In order to provide the most efficient indices of development of underground excavations the main attention is paid to blasting operations, namely, to determination of optimum parameters of drilling and blasting operations. Development of... more
In order to provide the most efficient indices of development of underground excavations the main attention is paid to blasting operations, namely, to determination of optimum parameters of drilling and blasting operations. Development of new and reconstruction of existing mines require for extended scope of excavating works, their length can reach some tens of kilometers. Up till now excavations at most of mines are developed using drilling and blasting operations. Improvement of drilling and blasting operations is one of trends to increase efficiency of excavation development. Reliability extent of calculated parameters of drilling and blasting operations can influence on technical and economical performances of excavation development. At present numerous existing procedures are empiric dependencies, they are based on primary determination of specific consumption of explosive. The main drawback of such procedures is the application of coefficients of specific consumption, which vary in wide range, their values depend on the qualification of experts who perform such calculations. As a consequence, the parameters of drilling and blasting operations are set on the basis of averaged values, which impair efficiency of blasting operations. We believe that calculations of parameters of drilling and blasting operations should account for the most complete range of factors playing important role in impact of blasting energy on destructing massif. In addition, the proposed engineering approach should enable improvement of efficiency of blasting operations with desirable decrease in material and non-material expenditures. This work describes briefly tock destruction by blasting of explosives, highlights main factors influencing on efficiency of drilling and blasting operations upon development of excavations. The work analyzes calculation procedures of main performances of drilling and blasting operations, recommendations are given for development of pattern of drilling and blasting operations on the basis of calculation of destruction zones of rock massif.
Research Interests:
The article is devoted to the task today to improve the effectiveness of blasting during construction of horizontal and inclined mine workings. Proposed method for calculating the parameters of blasting during mining, which is based on... more
The article is devoted to the task today to improve the effectiveness of blasting during construction of
horizontal and inclined mine workings. Proposed method for calculating the parameters of blasting during mining, which is based on the reliable determination of the main areas of action of the explosion.
horizontal and inclined mine workings. Proposed method for calculating the parameters of blasting during mining, which is based on the reliable determination of the main areas of action of the explosion.
Research Interests:
Calculation methods for blasting and explosion operations is a topical issue in mining industry as they allow to improve characteristics of excavation works and safety of explosion operations. The paper presents a novel methodology for... more
Calculation methods for blasting and explosion operations is a topical issue in mining industry as they allow to improve characteristics of excavation works and safety of explosion operations. The paper presents a novel methodology for calculations for blasting and explosion operations and design of parameters of prismatic gain. That methodology comprises various specifics of rock geology and mining engineering during works in horizontal and vertical excavations. The feature of the presented methodology is that the calculation is based not on definition of specific consumption of explosives, but on accurate definition of radii of rock massif destruction zone in a case of explosion of an elongated charge. The study contains designed parameters of structures of gain blastholes. The proposed engineering solution allows to increase efficiency of explosion operations by decreasing of explosions' consumption, reducing drilling works and decreasing throwout of rocks after explosion. The proposed methodology had passed large scale industrial testing at mines of arctic branch of Norilsk Nickel ltd., which resulted in increase of quality of aforementioned parameters of explosions.