An extensive background overview on the use of agricultural residues (wastes) for production of paper, board, binderless board, energy, different types of fuels by pyrolysis (solid, liquid and gaseous fuel), many petrochemicals... more
An extensive background overview on the use of agricultural residues (wastes) for production of paper, board, binderless board, energy, different types of fuels by pyrolysis (solid, liquid and gaseous fuel), many petrochemicals substitutes, charcoal (activated carbon), dissolving pulps and rayon. It includes both scientific and industrial data, case studies, current status, sustainability of paper and sugar industries, green nanotechnology, and future prospects.
Keywords: Agricultural Residues (Wastes); Paper and Board manufacture; Sustainability of Paper and Sugar Industries; Green Nanotechnology; Future Prospects
Keywords: Agricultural Residues (Wastes); Paper and Board manufacture; Sustainability of Paper and Sugar Industries; Green Nanotechnology; Future Prospects
Research Interests: Rural Sociology, Development Economics, Bioeconomics, Energy Economics, Agronomy, and 327 moreAgribusiness, Renewable Energy, Rural, The industrialization of agriculture: vertical coordination in the US food system., Sustainable agriculture, Agricultural Development, Sustainable Development, Biomass, Energy, Bioenergy, Agricultural Economics, Rural Development, Municipal Solid Waste Management, Waste recycling, BIOETHANOL, Mainstreaming of gender and environmental issues in rural development programs, Agricultural Sciences, Agriculture, Wood Science, Mathematical Bioeconomics, Rural Entrepreneurship, Energy and Environment, Waste Management, Pyrolysis, Agronomy (Biology), Sustainable Energy, Rural Marketing, Renewable energy resources, Activated carbon adsorption, Pulp, Environmental Sustainability, Sustainable Rural Development, Solid Waste Management, Sustainable Agriculture (Environment), Sustainable Agriculture (Sustainability), Agrobiotechnology, Global Intellectual Property Laws & Bioeconomy, Biomass Pyrolysis, Solid waste management and treatment, Biomass to fuel conversion, Complex systems analysis in biology and agronomy, Cellulose, Activated Carbon, Biomass energy, Pulp and Paper, Energy and Sustainability, Sugar cane, Rural Planning and Development, Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Agriculture, agronomy and extension, Pulping, Lignin Chemistry, Alternative Fuels, Sustainable Crops Production, Lignocellulose Degradation, Lignocellulose, pulp and paper Technology, China's Economic & Rural Developmenr, Agricultural trade, production economics, agricultural marketing, Agricultural marketing, Rural livelihoods and economy, Biomass gasification for thermal and power application, Applied Chemistry, Cotton Industry, Sugar industry, Pulp Magazines, Petrochemical, Energy Economics, Sustainable Energy Systems, Costs of Renewable Energies, Rayon Classification, Urban and rural development planning, Cotton, Raw materials, Non-Wood Products (Bamban), Charcoal, Polysaccharide chemistry (Extraction of biopolymers and synthesis of biopolymer based smart materials; Functional modification; Surface modification; Nano-composites)., Rheology (Modified & non-modified / composites hydrogels, based on seaweed & wood polysaccharides)., Agricultural Economics, Microfinance& SHG, Rural Poverty, Agricultural Sustainability, Biodiversity,Ethnobotany, Non Wood Forest Products, Agricutural economics, Bioeconomy, Bioresource, Paper and Coating, Chemical Modification of Cellulose, Rural Develoment, Cellulose and Paper technology, Viscose Filament Yarn, Agri Business Management, Determination of Pulp Using Nun Wood Material and Determination of Proximate Analysis, Determination of Pulp by Using Non Wood Material and Determination of Proximate Analysis, Petrochemical industry, Agronomia/Recursos hídricos, Biomass Estimation, Biomass Conversion Technologies, Activated carbon preparation, Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Waste, Agronomy for sustainable agriculture, Wood and Paper Sceinces and Technology, Agronomy/crop science, Sustainable Management and Utilization of Non Wood Forest Products, Integration of Renewable Resources, Biobased Products, Rural Development, Agricultural Extension, Resource Use Conflict, Environmental Economics, Natural Resource Economics, Agricultural Economics, Economia del Sector Agropecuairio, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, Kraft Pulping and Bleaching of Pulp, Energy Balance in Pulp Mill, Wheat, Biobased Economy, Archaeological wood, plant fiber and charcoal identification, Wood science and technology, Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Add Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, EFFECTS RICE HUSK ASH AS A CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL ON FRESH AND HARDENED CONCRETE, Harnessing available Bioresources to ameliorate environmental hazards, Agric and Development Economics, Grafting of Polymers with Agricultural Waste Materials, Agricultural Structures and Renewable Energy, Agronomie, Agri-Business and Marketing, Agri-Business, Lignin, AGRONOMIA, Handbook of Pulp, Agricultural Production and Resource Economics, Agribusiness Economics, Alternative Fuel, Rural Infrastructure and Economic Development in India, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., STABILIZING ROAD PAVEMENT MATERIAL USING RICE HUSK ASH AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT WHITH CEMENT ON LATERIC SOIL, Biomass Burning Indoor Air Pollution, Ultilization of Rice Husk Ash, Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion to Chemicals, Utilization of Rice Husk, Petrochemicals, Renewable Resources, Agriculture Research, Rural development; Agricultural Economics and Policy., New Trends in Renewable Resources, Agricultural Business, Renewable enrgy and waste Management from biomass, Economia Rural, Agriculture Business, Pyrolysis of biomass, Macroeconomics: Economic Policy and Rice Security in the Philippines, Rice Straw, Développement Rural, Local, Et Economie Sociale, Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Residues, Agriculture, agronomy, Agricultural Research, Viscose Fialment Yarn, Biomass gasification, Municipal solid waste pyrolysis to produce bio char and synthetic gas co-production, Polymer, Pulp and Paper, Agriculture Economics, Ingeniería Agronómica, My research intrest in Non wood forest product management and utilization for poverty reduction, Agronomics, Bioproduct, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Air Pollution, Biomass Burning, Charcoal production, Landscape Agronomy, Renewable energy from biomass, Biomass Pyrolysis, Biochar, Activated Carbon, Cellulose Nanotechnology, Paper Nanofiber, Biorefinery, Agricultural Business Management and Studies in the economic efficiency, Economics of agricultural production, Public Policy Studies in Agriculture Food and Sustainable Development, Wood and Paper, Sugarcane, Biomass Utilization, Renewable Natural Resources Management, Agribisnis, Activated Charcoal, Production of bioethanol, silica and lignin from rice straw, Method to Isolate Lignin and Silica from Rice Straw, Pulp and Paper Industry, Rural Economy, Wood Charcoal, Rice Husk, Agronegocios, Agribusiness management, Agriculture and sustainability, Capacity development in agriculture and natural resource management, Agricultural and Resource Economics, Biofuel, Biodiesel, Biomass and Renewable Energy Resources, Sustainable Energy Development,renewable Energy,development of Appropriate Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture, Sociología económica del sistema agroalimentario, Add Bussiness of Agriculture, Researches on fuelwood consumption and forest degredation, Agronomía, Biomassa, Economics and Development studies, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Systems, Rural Livelihood Strategies, Viscose Staple Fiber, Agri-business Finance and Marketing, Production of polymer composite using agricultural waste, Bioeconomic, Rice Agronomy and Management, Energy Pyrolysis Gasifier FT, Economics of Agriculture and Rural Development, Agricultural Issues on Socio-Economics, Ecological Agriculture, Economy of Rural Development, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Binderless Fiberboard, Sugarcane Cultivation, Fast Pyrolysis, Rural Economics, Eco-friendly methods for the synthesis and recycling of Petrochemicals and Polymers, Bagasse Paper, Mechanical Properties of Wheat Straw Fiber Reinforced Composites, Bioenergy and bioproducts, Economic and Management in Wood and Paper Industries, Lignocellulosics, Utlization of Food and Agricultural Wastes, Rural Development and agricultural Extension, Green and Sustainability Practices, Non-Wood Forest Products, Bagasse, Plant Tissue Culture & Genetic Engineering Phytopathology & Biotechnology Climate Change, Food Safety & Natural Resources Management Agricultural Residues Recycling Organic Farming & Sustainable Agriculture Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Rural Sustainability, Agricultural Economics and Extension, Bioetanol, Agronomy and agriculture Environment, Bioeconomía Y Derechos Humanos, Alkaline sulphite and Anthraquinone pulping of water hyacinth, Sugarcane Production, Agriculture economics and resource management, Agronomy, Weed science, Biobased Packaging Material, Pulp Cooking and Bleaching, Agronegócio, Economia Agrícola, History of Agronomy, Agronegócios, Biobased Polymer, Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Social Economic of Agriculture, Investigation of the Physical Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Agricultural Wastes, Agriculture Economy, Biobased Chemicals, Wood and Pulp, Renewable raw materials, Bioinformatic Capitalism, Bioproduction, Biobased materials, Estudiantes De Ingeneria Agronomica, Biomaterials, Renewable energy, Material Science, Agricultural and applied Economics, Nonwood Material, Wheat Straw, Biobased Adsorbents, Dasar-Dasar Agronomi, Economia Agraria, Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources Management, Agricultural Residues, Technology of pulp and paper, Cellulose Fibers, Mecanical Properties of Rice Husk, Rural Non Farm Economy, Wood and Nonwood Protection, Bioproducts, Biomass Processing, Pulp and Sudanese, Developmental Issues of Agricultural Economics, Agric Economics, Rice husk Ash, Determination of Pulping Using Non Woody Species by Using the Following Parameters: Ash Content, Economic Development and Poverty Issues, Low cost Resource Saving High output Agricultural Technologies, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Sugarcane Production Systems, Boards Structures, Catalytic Pyrolysis, Pyrolyis, Agricultural Waste Management, Bioeconomic Modeling, Cellulose Modification, Materials Technology (Wood Derivatives), Renewable Energy - Biomass, Agri Economics, Sustainable and Renewable Energy Resources Evaluation Technically Economically Socially and Environmentally, Better Cotton Initiatives, Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Non Wood Forest Products, Development Econmomics, Agricultural Waste Utilization, Sugarcane Agronomy, INGENIERIA QUIMICA Y AGRONEGOCIOS, On Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Wheat Production at District Level (Agricultural Economics), Sustainable Rural Livelihood, Property of Wheat Straw, World wacth letter on biobased plastics, Biobased, Carbohydrate Polymers, Sugarcane Bagasse, Agricultural Crop Residues, Smart Community, Viscose Fiber, Smart Communities, Wheat Agronomy, Agronomy Research, Paper and Pulp Mills, Non Wood Forest Product, Congreso Agronómico 2012, Agriculture Business Management, Agricultural Research for Development, Non Wood Forest products (NWFPs), Molasses, Agronomy and Participatory research, Biofuel and Bioproducts, Agronomi, Binderless Particleboard, Agronomy and plant breeding, Bioproduct Development, Bioprodução, Viscose rayon yanr, Bioresources, Bioproduction of vegetables, Wheat Straw Ash (wsa), International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, Value-addition of bioresources, Bioeconomía. Bienes comunes. resistencia social, Non Wood Fibers, Anything related to Agricultural Research, and Agriculture; waste management and renewable energy(Agribusiness, Renewable Energy, Rural, The industrialization of agriculture: vertical coordination in the US food system., Sustainable agriculture, Agricultural Development, Sustainable Development, Biomass, Energy, Bioenergy, Agricultural Economics, Rural Development, Municipal Solid Waste Management, Waste recycling, BIOETHANOL, Mainstreaming of gender and environmental issues in rural development programs, Agricultural Sciences, Agriculture, Wood Science, Mathematical Bioeconomics, Rural Entrepreneurship, Energy and Environment, Waste Management, Pyrolysis, Agronomy (Biology), Sustainable Energy, Rural Marketing, Renewable energy resources, Activated carbon adsorption, Pulp, Environmental Sustainability, Sustainable Rural Development, Solid Waste Management, Sustainable Agriculture (Environment), Sustainable Agriculture (Sustainability), Agrobiotechnology, Global Intellectual Property Laws & Bioeconomy, Biomass Pyrolysis, Solid waste management and treatment, Biomass to fuel conversion, Complex systems analysis in biology and agronomy, Cellulose, Activated Carbon, Biomass energy, Pulp and Paper, Energy and Sustainability, Sugar cane, Rural Planning and Development, Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Agriculture, agronomy and extension, Pulping, Lignin Chemistry, Alternative Fuels, Sustainable Crops Production, Lignocellulose Degradation, Lignocellulose, pulp and paper Technology, China's Economic & Rural Developmenr, Agricultural trade, production economics, agricultural marketing, Agricultural marketing, Rural livelihoods and economy, Biomass gasification for thermal and power application, Applied Chemistry, Cotton Industry, Sugar industry, Pulp Magazines, Petrochemical, Energy Economics, Sustainable Energy Systems, Costs of Renewable Energies, Rayon Classification, Urban and rural development planning, Cotton, Raw materials, Non-Wood Products (Bamban), Charcoal, Polysaccharide chemistry (Extraction of biopolymers and synthesis of biopolymer based smart materials; Functional modification; Surface modification; Nano-composites)., Rheology (Modified & non-modified / composites hydrogels, based on seaweed & wood polysaccharides)., Agricultural Economics, Microfinance& SHG, Rural Poverty, Agricultural Sustainability, Biodiversity,Ethnobotany, Non Wood Forest Products, Agricutural economics, Bioeconomy, Bioresource, Paper and Coating, Chemical Modification of Cellulose, Rural Develoment, Cellulose and Paper technology, Viscose Filament Yarn, Agri Business Management, Determination of Pulp Using Nun Wood Material and Determination of Proximate Analysis, Determination of Pulp by Using Non Wood Material and Determination of Proximate Analysis, Petrochemical industry, Agronomia/Recursos hídricos, Biomass Estimation, Biomass Conversion Technologies, Activated carbon preparation, Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Waste, Agronomy for sustainable agriculture, Wood and Paper Sceinces and Technology, Agronomy/crop science, Sustainable Management and Utilization of Non Wood Forest Products, Integration of Renewable Resources, Biobased Products, Rural Development, Agricultural Extension, Resource Use Conflict, Environmental Economics, Natural Resource Economics, Agricultural Economics, Economia del Sector Agropecuairio, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, Kraft Pulping and Bleaching of Pulp, Energy Balance in Pulp Mill, Wheat, Biobased Economy, Archaeological wood, plant fiber and charcoal identification, Wood science and technology, Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Add Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, EFFECTS RICE HUSK ASH AS A CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL ON FRESH AND HARDENED CONCRETE, Harnessing available Bioresources to ameliorate environmental hazards, Agric and Development Economics, Grafting of Polymers with Agricultural Waste Materials, Agricultural Structures and Renewable Energy, Agronomie, Agri-Business and Marketing, Agri-Business, Lignin, AGRONOMIA, Handbook of Pulp, Agricultural Production and Resource Economics, Agribusiness Economics, Alternative Fuel, Rural Infrastructure and Economic Development in India, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., STABILIZING ROAD PAVEMENT MATERIAL USING RICE HUSK ASH AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT WHITH CEMENT ON LATERIC SOIL, Biomass Burning Indoor Air Pollution, Ultilization of Rice Husk Ash, Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion to Chemicals, Utilization of Rice Husk, Petrochemicals, Renewable Resources, Agriculture Research, Rural development; Agricultural Economics and Policy., New Trends in Renewable Resources, Agricultural Business, Renewable enrgy and waste Management from biomass, Economia Rural, Agriculture Business, Pyrolysis of biomass, Macroeconomics: Economic Policy and Rice Security in the Philippines, Rice Straw, Développement Rural, Local, Et Economie Sociale, Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Residues, Agriculture, agronomy, Agricultural Research, Viscose Fialment Yarn, Biomass gasification, Municipal solid waste pyrolysis to produce bio char and synthetic gas co-production, Polymer, Pulp and Paper, Agriculture Economics, Ingeniería Agronómica, My research intrest in Non wood forest product management and utilization for poverty reduction, Agronomics, Bioproduct, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Air Pollution, Biomass Burning, Charcoal production, Landscape Agronomy, Renewable energy from biomass, Biomass Pyrolysis, Biochar, Activated Carbon, Cellulose Nanotechnology, Paper Nanofiber, Biorefinery, Agricultural Business Management and Studies in the economic efficiency, Economics of agricultural production, Public Policy Studies in Agriculture Food and Sustainable Development, Wood and Paper, Sugarcane, Biomass Utilization, Renewable Natural Resources Management, Agribisnis, Activated Charcoal, Production of bioethanol, silica and lignin from rice straw, Method to Isolate Lignin and Silica from Rice Straw, Pulp and Paper Industry, Rural Economy, Wood Charcoal, Rice Husk, Agronegocios, Agribusiness management, Agriculture and sustainability, Capacity development in agriculture and natural resource management, Agricultural and Resource Economics, Biofuel, Biodiesel, Biomass and Renewable Energy Resources, Sustainable Energy Development,renewable Energy,development of Appropriate Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture, Sociología económica del sistema agroalimentario, Add Bussiness of Agriculture, Researches on fuelwood consumption and forest degredation, Agronomía, Biomassa, Economics and Development studies, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Systems, Rural Livelihood Strategies, Viscose Staple Fiber, Agri-business Finance and Marketing, Production of polymer composite using agricultural waste, Bioeconomic, Rice Agronomy and Management, Energy Pyrolysis Gasifier FT, Economics of Agriculture and Rural Development, Agricultural Issues on Socio-Economics, Ecological Agriculture, Economy of Rural Development, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Binderless Fiberboard, Sugarcane Cultivation, Fast Pyrolysis, Rural Economics, Eco-friendly methods for the synthesis and recycling of Petrochemicals and Polymers, Bagasse Paper, Mechanical Properties of Wheat Straw Fiber Reinforced Composites, Bioenergy and bioproducts, Economic and Management in Wood and Paper Industries, Lignocellulosics, Utlization of Food and Agricultural Wastes, Rural Development and agricultural Extension, Green and Sustainability Practices, Non-Wood Forest Products, Bagasse, Plant Tissue Culture & Genetic Engineering Phytopathology & Biotechnology Climate Change, Food Safety & Natural Resources Management Agricultural Residues Recycling Organic Farming & Sustainable Agriculture Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Rural Sustainability, Agricultural Economics and Extension, Bioetanol, Agronomy and agriculture Environment, Bioeconomía Y Derechos Humanos, Alkaline sulphite and Anthraquinone pulping of water hyacinth, Sugarcane Production, Agriculture economics and resource management, Agronomy, Weed science, Biobased Packaging Material, Pulp Cooking and Bleaching, Agronegócio, Economia Agrícola, History of Agronomy, Agronegócios, Biobased Polymer, Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Social Economic of Agriculture, Investigation of the Physical Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Agricultural Wastes, Agriculture Economy, Biobased Chemicals, Wood and Pulp, Renewable raw materials, Bioinformatic Capitalism, Bioproduction, Biobased materials, Estudiantes De Ingeneria Agronomica, Biomaterials, Renewable energy, Material Science, Agricultural and applied Economics, Nonwood Material, Wheat Straw, Biobased Adsorbents, Dasar-Dasar Agronomi, Economia Agraria, Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources Management, Agricultural Residues, Technology of pulp and paper, Cellulose Fibers, Mecanical Properties of Rice Husk, Rural Non Farm Economy, Wood and Nonwood Protection, Bioproducts, Biomass Processing, Pulp and Sudanese, Developmental Issues of Agricultural Economics, Agric Economics, Rice husk Ash, Determination of Pulping Using Non Woody Species by Using the Following Parameters: Ash Content, Economic Development and Poverty Issues, Low cost Resource Saving High output Agricultural Technologies, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Sugarcane Production Systems, Boards Structures, Catalytic Pyrolysis, Pyrolyis, Agricultural Waste Management, Bioeconomic Modeling, Cellulose Modification, Materials Technology (Wood Derivatives), Renewable Energy - Biomass, Agri Economics, Sustainable and Renewable Energy Resources Evaluation Technically Economically Socially and Environmentally, Better Cotton Initiatives, Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Non Wood Forest Products, Development Econmomics, Agricultural Waste Utilization, Sugarcane Agronomy, INGENIERIA QUIMICA Y AGRONEGOCIOS, On Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Wheat Production at District Level (Agricultural Economics), Sustainable Rural Livelihood, Property of Wheat Straw, World wacth letter on biobased plastics, Biobased, Carbohydrate Polymers, Sugarcane Bagasse, Agricultural Crop Residues, Smart Community, Viscose Fiber, Smart Communities, Wheat Agronomy, Agronomy Research, Paper and Pulp Mills, Non Wood Forest Product, Congreso Agronómico 2012, Agriculture Business Management, Agricultural Research for Development, Non Wood Forest products (NWFPs), Molasses, Agronomy and Participatory research, Biofuel and Bioproducts, Agronomi, Binderless Particleboard, Agronomy and plant breeding, Bioproduct Development, Bioprodução, Viscose rayon yanr, Bioresources, Bioproduction of vegetables, Wheat Straw Ash (wsa), International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, Value-addition of bioresources, Bioeconomía. Bienes comunes. resistencia social, Non Wood Fibers, Anything related to Agricultural Research, and Agriculture; waste management and renewable energy)
(Agribusiness, Renewable Energy, Rural, The industrialization of agriculture: vertical coordination in the US food system., Sustainable agriculture, Agricultural Development, Sustainable Development, Biomass, Energy, Bioenergy, Agricultural Economics, Rural Development, Municipal Solid Waste Management, Waste recycling, BIOETHANOL, Mainstreaming of gender and environmental issues in rural development programs, Agricultural Sciences, Agriculture, Wood Science, Mathematical Bioeconomics, Rural Entrepreneurship, Energy and Environment, Waste Management, Pyrolysis, Agronomy (Biology), Sustainable Energy, Rural Marketing, Renewable energy resources, Activated carbon adsorption, Pulp, Environmental Sustainability, Sustainable Rural Development, Solid Waste Management, Sustainable Agriculture (Environment), Sustainable Agriculture (Sustainability), Agrobiotechnology, Global Intellectual Property Laws & Bioeconomy, Biomass Pyrolysis, Solid waste management and treatment, Biomass to fuel conversion, Complex systems analysis in biology and agronomy, Cellulose, Activated Carbon, Biomass energy, Pulp and Paper, Energy and Sustainability, Sugar cane, Rural Planning and Development, Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Agriculture, agronomy and extension, Pulping, Lignin Chemistry, Alternative Fuels, Sustainable Crops Production, Lignocellulose Degradation, Lignocellulose, pulp and paper Technology, China's Economic & Rural Developmenr, Agricultural trade, production economics, agricultural marketing, Agricultural marketing, Rural livelihoods and economy, Biomass gasification for thermal and power application, Applied Chemistry, Cotton Industry, Sugar industry, Pulp Magazines, Petrochemical, Energy Economics, Sustainable Energy Systems, Costs of Renewable Energies, Rayon Classification, Urban and rural development planning, Cotton, Raw materials, Non-Wood Products (Bamban), Charcoal, Polysaccharide chemistry (Extraction of biopolymers and synthesis of biopolymer based smart materials; Functional modification; Surface modification; Nano-composites)., Rheology (Modified & non-modified / composites hydrogels, based on seaweed & wood polysaccharides)., Agricultural Economics, Microfinance& SHG, Rural Poverty, Agricultural Sustainability, Biodiversity,Ethnobotany, Non Wood Forest Products, Agricutural economics, Bioeconomy, Bioresource, Paper and Coating, Chemical Modification of Cellulose, Rural Develoment, Cellulose and Paper technology, Viscose Filament Yarn, Agri Business Management, Determination of Pulp Using Nun Wood Material and Determination of Proximate Analysis, Determination of Pulp by Using Non Wood Material and Determination of Proximate Analysis, Petrochemical industry, Agronomia/Recursos hídricos, Biomass Estimation, Biomass Conversion Technologies, Activated carbon preparation, Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Waste, Agronomy for sustainable agriculture, Wood and Paper Sceinces and Technology, Agronomy/crop science, Sustainable Management and Utilization of Non Wood Forest Products, Integration of Renewable Resources, Biobased Products, Rural Development, Agricultural Extension, Resource Use Conflict, Environmental Economics, Natural Resource Economics, Agricultural Economics, Economia del Sector Agropecuairio, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, Kraft Pulping and Bleaching of Pulp, Energy Balance in Pulp Mill, Wheat, Biobased Economy, Archaeological wood, plant fiber and charcoal identification, Wood science and technology, Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Add Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, EFFECTS RICE HUSK ASH AS A CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL ON FRESH AND HARDENED CONCRETE, Harnessing available Bioresources to ameliorate environmental hazards, Agric and Development Economics, Grafting of Polymers with Agricultural Waste Materials, Agricultural Structures and Renewable Energy, Agronomie, Agri-Business and Marketing, Agri-Business, Lignin, AGRONOMIA, Handbook of Pulp, Agricultural Production and Resource Economics, Agribusiness Economics, Alternative Fuel, Rural Infrastructure and Economic Development in India, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., STABILIZING ROAD PAVEMENT MATERIAL USING RICE HUSK ASH AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT WHITH CEMENT ON LATERIC SOIL, Biomass Burning Indoor Air Pollution, Ultilization of Rice Husk Ash, Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion to Chemicals, Utilization of Rice Husk, Petrochemicals, Renewable Resources, Agriculture Research, Rural development; Agricultural Economics and Policy., New Trends in Renewable Resources, Agricultural Business, Renewable enrgy and waste Management from biomass, Economia Rural, Agriculture Business, Pyrolysis of biomass, Macroeconomics: Economic Policy and Rice Security in the Philippines, Rice Straw, Développement Rural, Local, Et Economie Sociale, Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Residues, Agriculture, agronomy, Agricultural Research, Viscose Fialment Yarn, Biomass gasification, Municipal solid waste pyrolysis to produce bio char and synthetic gas co-production, Polymer, Pulp and Paper, Agriculture Economics, Ingeniería Agronómica, My research intrest in Non wood forest product management and utilization for poverty reduction, Agronomics, Bioproduct, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Air Pollution, Biomass Burning, Charcoal production, Landscape Agronomy, Renewable energy from biomass, Biomass Pyrolysis, Biochar, Activated Carbon, Cellulose Nanotechnology, Paper Nanofiber, Biorefinery, Agricultural Business Management and Studies in the economic efficiency, Economics of agricultural production, Public Policy Studies in Agriculture Food and Sustainable Development, Wood and Paper, Sugarcane, Biomass Utilization, Renewable Natural Resources Management, Agribisnis, Activated Charcoal, Production of bioethanol, silica and lignin from rice straw, Method to Isolate Lignin and Silica from Rice Straw, Pulp and Paper Industry, Rural Economy, Wood Charcoal, Rice Husk, Agronegocios, Agribusiness management, Agriculture and sustainability, Capacity development in agriculture and natural resource management, Agricultural and Resource Economics, Biofuel, Biodiesel, Biomass and Renewable Energy Resources, Sustainable Energy Development,renewable Energy,development of Appropriate Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture, Sociología económica del sistema agroalimentario, Add Bussiness of Agriculture, Researches on fuelwood consumption and forest degredation, Agronomía, Biomassa, Economics and Development studies, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Systems, Rural Livelihood Strategies, Viscose Staple Fiber, Agri-business Finance and Marketing, Production of polymer composite using agricultural waste, Bioeconomic, Rice Agronomy and Management, Energy Pyrolysis Gasifier FT, Economics of Agriculture and Rural Development, Agricultural Issues on Socio-Economics, Ecological Agriculture, Economy of Rural Development, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Binderless Fiberboard, Sugarcane Cultivation, Fast Pyrolysis, Rural Economics, Eco-friendly methods for the synthesis and recycling of Petrochemicals and Polymers, Bagasse Paper, Mechanical Properties of Wheat Straw Fiber Reinforced Composites, Bioenergy and bioproducts, Economic and Management in Wood and Paper Industries, Lignocellulosics, Utlization of Food and Agricultural Wastes, Rural Development and agricultural Extension, Green and Sustainability Practices, Non-Wood Forest Products, Bagasse, Plant Tissue Culture & Genetic Engineering Phytopathology & Biotechnology Climate Change, Food Safety & Natural Resources Management Agricultural Residues Recycling Organic Farming & Sustainable Agriculture Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Rural Sustainability, Agricultural Economics and Extension, Bioetanol, Agronomy and agriculture Environment, Bioeconomía Y Derechos Humanos, Alkaline sulphite and Anthraquinone pulping of water hyacinth, Sugarcane Production, Agriculture economics and resource management, Agronomy, Weed science, Biobased Packaging Material, Pulp Cooking and Bleaching, Agronegócio, Economia Agrícola, History of Agronomy, Agronegócios, Biobased Polymer, Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Social Economic of Agriculture, Investigation of the Physical Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Agricultural Wastes, Agriculture Economy, Biobased Chemicals, Wood and Pulp, Renewable raw materials, Bioinformatic Capitalism, Bioproduction, Biobased materials, Estudiantes De Ingeneria Agronomica, Biomaterials, Renewable energy, Material Science, Agricultural and applied Economics, Nonwood Material, Wheat Straw, Biobased Adsorbents, Dasar-Dasar Agronomi, Economia Agraria, Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources Management, Agricultural Residues, Technology of pulp and paper, Cellulose Fibers, Mecanical Properties of Rice Husk, Rural Non Farm Economy, Wood and Nonwood Protection, Bioproducts, Biomass Processing, Pulp and Sudanese, Developmental Issues of Agricultural Economics, Agric Economics, Rice husk Ash, Determination of Pulping Using Non Woody Species by Using the Following Parameters: Ash Content, Economic Development and Poverty Issues, Low cost Resource Saving High output Agricultural Technologies, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Sugarcane Production Systems, Boards Structures, Catalytic Pyrolysis, Pyrolyis, Agricultural Waste Management, Bioeconomic Modeling, Cellulose Modification, Materials Technology (Wood Derivatives), Renewable Energy - Biomass, Agri Economics, Sustainable and Renewable Energy Resources Evaluation Technically Economically Socially and Environmentally, Better Cotton Initiatives, Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Non Wood Forest Products, Development Econmomics, Agricultural Waste Utilization, Sugarcane Agronomy, INGENIERIA QUIMICA Y AGRONEGOCIOS, On Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Wheat Production at District Level (Agricultural Economics), Sustainable Rural Livelihood, Property of Wheat Straw, World wacth letter on biobased plastics, Biobased, Carbohydrate Polymers, Sugarcane Bagasse, Agricultural Crop Residues, Smart Community, Viscose Fiber, Smart Communities, Wheat Agronomy, Agronomy Research, Paper and Pulp Mills, Non Wood Forest Product, Congreso Agronómico 2012, Agriculture Business Management, Agricultural Research for Development, Non Wood Forest products (NWFPs), Molasses, Agronomy and Participatory research, Biofuel and Bioproducts, Agronomi, Binderless Particleboard, Agronomy and plant breeding, Bioproduct Development, Bioprodução, Viscose rayon yanr, Bioresources, Bioproduction of vegetables, Wheat Straw Ash (wsa), International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, Value-addition of bioresources, Bioeconomía. Bienes comunes. resistencia social, Non Wood Fibers, Anything related to Agricultural Research, and Agriculture; waste management and renewable energy)
Biomass pyrolysis is a promising renewable sustainable source of fuels and petrochemical substitutes. It may help in compensating the progressive consumption of fossil-fuel reserves. The present article outlines biomass pyrolysis. Various... more
Biomass pyrolysis is a promising renewable sustainable source of fuels and petrochemical substitutes. It may help in compensating the progressive consumption of fossil-fuel reserves. The present article outlines biomass pyrolysis. Various types of biomass used for pyrolysis are encompassed, e.g., wood, agricultural residues, sewage. Categories of pyrolysis are outlined, e.g., flash, fast, and slow. Emphasis is laid on current and future trends in biomass pyrolysis, e.g., microwave pyrolysis, solar pyrolysis, plasma pyrolysis, hydrogen production via biomass pyrolysis, co-pyrolysis of biomass with synthetic polymers and sewage, selective preparation of high-valued chemicals, pyrolysis of exotic biomass (coffee grounds and cotton shells), comparison between algal and terrestrial biomass pyrolysis. Specific future prospects are investigated, e.g., preparation of supercapacitor biochar materials by one-pot one-step pyrolysis of biomass with other ingredients, and fabricating metallic catalysts embedded on biochar for removal of environmental contaminants. The authors predict that combining solar pyrolysis with hydrogen production would be the eco-friendliest and most energetically feasible process in the future. Since hydrogen is an ideal clean fuel, this process may share in limiting climate changes due to CO 2 emissions.
Keywords Sustainable and renewable energy source; Fossil-fuel alternatives; Biomass pyrolysis; Biofuel (bio-oil, biogas, biochar); Charcoal (activated carbon); Hydrogen fuel
Keywords Sustainable and renewable energy source; Fossil-fuel alternatives; Biomass pyrolysis; Biofuel (bio-oil, biogas, biochar); Charcoal (activated carbon); Hydrogen fuel
Research Interests: Environmental Engineering, Environmental Science, Development Economics, Environmental Economics, Development Studies, and 102 moreEnvironmental Education, Environmental Law, Climate Change, Renewable Energy, Climate Change Adaptation, Environmental Studies, Community Development, Adaptation to Climate Change, Climate change policy, Environmental History, Sustainable Development, Carbon Dioxide, Biomass, Renewable Energy Policies, Rural Development, Environmental Management, Sustainable Urban Environments, Environmental Ethics, Sustainability (Organisational Strategy), Environmental Policy and Governance, BIOCHAR, Environmental Impact Assessment, Integrated Renewable Energy System, Energy and Environment, Pyrolysis, Sustainable Energy, Removal Of Heavy Metals In Contaminated Soils, Biogas, Environmental Chemistry, Climate Change Adaptation And Mitigation Strategies, Renewable energy resources, Environmental Sustainability, Impact of climate change on sea level rise, Environmental Security, Supercapacitors (Chemistry), Biomass Pyrolysis, Tropical forest biomass, Renewable Energy Systems, Biomass to fuel conversion, Bio Fuel, Climate Change Impacts, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Renewable Energies, Activated Carbon, Biomass energy, CO2 capture and storage, renewable Energy sources, Biofuels, Environmental Sciences, global Climate change, Biomass gasification for thermal and power application, Energy Economics, Sustainable Energy Systems, Costs of Renewable Energies, Hybrid Renewable Energy Forecasting, Algal Biofuels, Fossil Fuels, Biofuel, Nano Materials for Renewable Energy Resources, Environmental Biotechnology and Biofuels, CO2 emissions, Alternative Energy and Sustainable Living, Biomass Conversion Technologies, Hydrogen production from renewable material, Activated carbon preparation, Biofuels Production, Hydrogen Production, Renewable Energy Technologies, Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion to Chemicals, Renewable Resources, Microwave pyrolysis, Pyrolysis of biomass, Renewable energy/ Green Technology, Biomass gasification, Biofuel and Bio Ethanol Production from Biomass, Removal of heavy metals using activated carbon from domestic and industrial wastee, Biofuels from algae, Bioenergy and Biofuels, Biomass Pyrolysis, Biochar, Activated Carbon, Biomass Utilization, CO2 sequestration, Climate change adaptation measures, Biofuel cells, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Systems, Biomass combustion and gasification, Climate Change in Developing Countries, Biogas Plants, Fast Pyrolysis, Renewable energy development and deployment, Green and Sustainability Practices, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hydrogen Production Catalyst Steam Reforming, Microwave Induced Pyrolysis, Waste to Biogas as a Small Scale Business, Multiple Input Converters for Renewable Energy Integration, Biomass Processing, Biomass to Bioethanol, Green Energy Bio Fuels, Catalytic Pyrolysis, Biogass Production, Biogas as an alternatif energi, Sustainability, and Environment(Environmental Education, Environmental Law, Climate Change, Renewable Energy, Climate Change Adaptation, Environmental Studies, Community Development, Adaptation to Climate Change, Climate change policy, Environmental History, Sustainable Development, Carbon Dioxide, Biomass, Renewable Energy Policies, Rural Development, Environmental Management, Sustainable Urban Environments, Environmental Ethics, Sustainability (Organisational Strategy), Environmental Policy and Governance, BIOCHAR, Environmental Impact Assessment, Integrated Renewable Energy System, Energy and Environment, Pyrolysis, Sustainable Energy, Removal Of Heavy Metals In Contaminated Soils, Biogas, Environmental Chemistry, Climate Change Adaptation And Mitigation Strategies, Renewable energy resources, Environmental Sustainability, Impact of climate change on sea level rise, Environmental Security, Supercapacitors (Chemistry), Biomass Pyrolysis, Tropical forest biomass, Renewable Energy Systems, Biomass to fuel conversion, Bio Fuel, Climate Change Impacts, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Renewable Energies, Activated Carbon, Biomass energy, CO2 capture and storage, renewable Energy sources, Biofuels, Environmental Sciences, global Climate change, Biomass gasification for thermal and power application, Energy Economics, Sustainable Energy Systems, Costs of Renewable Energies, Hybrid Renewable Energy Forecasting, Algal Biofuels, Fossil Fuels, Biofuel, Nano Materials for Renewable Energy Resources, Environmental Biotechnology and Biofuels, CO2 emissions, Alternative Energy and Sustainable Living, Biomass Conversion Technologies, Hydrogen production from renewable material, Activated carbon preparation, Biofuels Production, Hydrogen Production, Renewable Energy Technologies, Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion to Chemicals, Renewable Resources, Microwave pyrolysis, Pyrolysis of biomass, Renewable energy/ Green Technology, Biomass gasification, Biofuel and Bio Ethanol Production from Biomass, Removal of heavy metals using activated carbon from domestic and industrial wastee, Biofuels from algae, Bioenergy and Biofuels, Biomass Pyrolysis, Biochar, Activated Carbon, Biomass Utilization, CO2 sequestration, Climate change adaptation measures, Biofuel cells, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Systems, Biomass combustion and gasification, Climate Change in Developing Countries, Biogas Plants, Fast Pyrolysis, Renewable energy development and deployment, Green and Sustainability Practices, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hydrogen Production Catalyst Steam Reforming, Microwave Induced Pyrolysis, Waste to Biogas as a Small Scale Business, Multiple Input Converters for Renewable Energy Integration, Biomass Processing, Biomass to Bioethanol, Green Energy Bio Fuels, Catalytic Pyrolysis, Biogass Production, Biogas as an alternatif energi, Sustainability, and Environment)
(Environmental Education, Environmental Law, Climate Change, Renewable Energy, Climate Change Adaptation, Environmental Studies, Community Development, Adaptation to Climate Change, Climate change policy, Environmental History, Sustainable Development, Carbon Dioxide, Biomass, Renewable Energy Policies, Rural Development, Environmental Management, Sustainable Urban Environments, Environmental Ethics, Sustainability (Organisational Strategy), Environmental Policy and Governance, BIOCHAR, Environmental Impact Assessment, Integrated Renewable Energy System, Energy and Environment, Pyrolysis, Sustainable Energy, Removal Of Heavy Metals In Contaminated Soils, Biogas, Environmental Chemistry, Climate Change Adaptation And Mitigation Strategies, Renewable energy resources, Environmental Sustainability, Impact of climate change on sea level rise, Environmental Security, Supercapacitors (Chemistry), Biomass Pyrolysis, Tropical forest biomass, Renewable Energy Systems, Biomass to fuel conversion, Bio Fuel, Climate Change Impacts, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Renewable Energies, Activated Carbon, Biomass energy, CO2 capture and storage, renewable Energy sources, Biofuels, Environmental Sciences, global Climate change, Biomass gasification for thermal and power application, Energy Economics, Sustainable Energy Systems, Costs of Renewable Energies, Hybrid Renewable Energy Forecasting, Algal Biofuels, Fossil Fuels, Biofuel, Nano Materials for Renewable Energy Resources, Environmental Biotechnology and Biofuels, CO2 emissions, Alternative Energy and Sustainable Living, Biomass Conversion Technologies, Hydrogen production from renewable material, Activated carbon preparation, Biofuels Production, Hydrogen Production, Renewable Energy Technologies, Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion to Chemicals, Renewable Resources, Microwave pyrolysis, Pyrolysis of biomass, Renewable energy/ Green Technology, Biomass gasification, Biofuel and Bio Ethanol Production from Biomass, Removal of heavy metals using activated carbon from domestic and industrial wastee, Biofuels from algae, Bioenergy and Biofuels, Biomass Pyrolysis, Biochar, Activated Carbon, Biomass Utilization, CO2 sequestration, Climate change adaptation measures, Biofuel cells, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Systems, Biomass combustion and gasification, Climate Change in Developing Countries, Biogas Plants, Fast Pyrolysis, Renewable energy development and deployment, Green and Sustainability Practices, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hydrogen Production Catalyst Steam Reforming, Microwave Induced Pyrolysis, Waste to Biogas as a Small Scale Business, Multiple Input Converters for Renewable Energy Integration, Biomass Processing, Biomass to Bioethanol, Green Energy Bio Fuels, Catalytic Pyrolysis, Biogass Production, Biogas as an alternatif energi, Sustainability, and Environment)
The present work leads to sustainability (responsible management of resources consumption) of both paper and sugar industries. It, simultaneously, upgrades recycled waste paper (namely old newsprint) and creates a new use for molasses (an... more
The present work leads to sustainability (responsible management of resources consumption) of both paper and sugar industries. It, simultaneously, upgrades recycled waste paper (namely old newsprint) and creates a new use for molasses (an important byproduct of the sugar industry). This study introduces -for the first time world wide- a novel environmentally safe approach to upgrade recycled natural cellulose fibers (waste paper namely old newsprint), for use as specialty paper green nanocomposites suitable for several advanced purposes. The recycled cellulose fibers are upgraded by increasing their alpha cellulose content, and restoring their natural nanoporous structure, which is -normally- collapsed due to the first cycle of papermaking. Molasses is then incorporated into this restored nanoporous structure to obtain paper green nanocomposites filled with kaolin in presence of molasses. In comparison to conventionally recycled waste paper, the green paper nanocomposites -produced in this work- exhibit high dry and wet strength, and a surprisingly tremendous retention of inorganic fillers used in papermaking. This was achieved through a green nanotechnology process, where the solvent used is water (the ideal green solvent). The input and output components are renewable environmentally safe materials i.e. waste paper (cellulose fibers) and molasses (a by product of the sugar industry). The procedures used are simple physical processes conducted at room temperature rather than hazardous chemical reactions. Thus, saving energy, and decreasing the risk of chemical and thermal accidents, pollutive releases, explosions, and fires.
Research Interests: Sustainable Production and Consumption, Ethics & Social Sustainability, Sustainability Indicators, Sustainable Development, Recycling, and 58 moreSustainable Urbanism, Waste recycling, Sustainable Urban Environments, Sustainability (Organisational Strategy), Corporate Sustainability, Urban Technology & Sustainability, System Innovation For Sustainability, Resilience (Sustainability), Sustainability (Urban Studies), Engineering Design for Environment & Sustainability, Pulp, Environmental Sustainability, Social sustainability, URBAN SUSTAINABILITY, Pulp and Paper, Sustainable Urban Regeneration and Development, Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Pulping, Sustainability Reporting, pulp and paper Technology, Sustainable Urban Development, Sustainable Urban Planning, Sustainable Urban Design, Paper Recycling, Recycled Materials, Sustainability and food industry, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, Energy Balance in Pulp Mill, Sustainable Urbanisation, Corporate Environmental Responsibility, Sustainable Development, Mining Industry, Recycle on Paper, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Sustainble development, Polymer, Pulp and Paper, Pulp and paper technology., Pulp and Papermaking, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Pulp & Paper, Pulp and Paper Industry, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Sustainable Urban form, Paper pulp, Pulp and Paper +recycling, Green and Sustainability Practices, SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT, Deviance Behaviours Towards Paper,plastic Recyling, Recycle Paper Production & Distribution, and Supporters, The agribusiness food industry in thecontroversy of sustainable development, Technology of pulp and paper, Pulp and Sudanese, Social Aspects of Sustainability, Sustainable Solid Waste Management, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Recycling of Nutrients, Sustainability, Recycle Paper, Paper and Pulp Mills, and Pulp and Paper Technology Newsprint(Sustainable Urbanism, Waste recycling, Sustainable Urban Environments, Sustainability (Organisational Strategy), Corporate Sustainability, Urban Technology & Sustainability, System Innovation For Sustainability, Resilience (Sustainability), Sustainability (Urban Studies), Engineering Design for Environment & Sustainability, Pulp, Environmental Sustainability, Social sustainability, URBAN SUSTAINABILITY, Pulp and Paper, Sustainable Urban Regeneration and Development, Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Pulping, Sustainability Reporting, pulp and paper Technology, Sustainable Urban Development, Sustainable Urban Planning, Sustainable Urban Design, Paper Recycling, Recycled Materials, Sustainability and food industry, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, Energy Balance in Pulp Mill, Sustainable Urbanisation, Corporate Environmental Responsibility, Sustainable Development, Mining Industry, Recycle on Paper, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Sustainble development, Polymer, Pulp and Paper, Pulp and paper technology., Pulp and Papermaking, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Pulp & Paper, Pulp and Paper Industry, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Sustainable Urban form, Paper pulp, Pulp and Paper +recycling, Green and Sustainability Practices, SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT, Deviance Behaviours Towards Paper,plastic Recyling, Recycle Paper Production & Distribution, and Supporters, The agribusiness food industry in thecontroversy of sustainable development, Technology of pulp and paper, Pulp and Sudanese, Social Aspects of Sustainability, Sustainable Solid Waste Management, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Recycling of Nutrients, Sustainability, Recycle Paper, Paper and Pulp Mills, and Pulp and Paper Technology Newsprint)
(Sustainable Urbanism, Waste recycling, Sustainable Urban Environments, Sustainability (Organisational Strategy), Corporate Sustainability, Urban Technology & Sustainability, System Innovation For Sustainability, Resilience (Sustainability), Sustainability (Urban Studies), Engineering Design for Environment & Sustainability, Pulp, Environmental Sustainability, Social sustainability, URBAN SUSTAINABILITY, Pulp and Paper, Sustainable Urban Regeneration and Development, Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Pulping, Sustainability Reporting, pulp and paper Technology, Sustainable Urban Development, Sustainable Urban Planning, Sustainable Urban Design, Paper Recycling, Recycled Materials, Sustainability and food industry, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, Energy Balance in Pulp Mill, Sustainable Urbanisation, Corporate Environmental Responsibility, Sustainable Development, Mining Industry, Recycle on Paper, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Sustainble development, Polymer, Pulp and Paper, Pulp and paper technology., Pulp and Papermaking, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Pulp & Paper, Pulp and Paper Industry, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Sustainable Urban form, Paper pulp, Pulp and Paper +recycling, Green and Sustainability Practices, SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT, Deviance Behaviours Towards Paper,plastic Recyling, Recycle Paper Production & Distribution, and Supporters, The agribusiness food industry in thecontroversy of sustainable development, Technology of pulp and paper, Pulp and Sudanese, Social Aspects of Sustainability, Sustainable Solid Waste Management, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Recycling of Nutrients, Sustainability, Recycle Paper, Paper and Pulp Mills, and Pulp and Paper Technology Newsprint)
For the first time, it is shown that water medium allows dissolved methylmethacrylate monomer to penetrate water-swollen natural nanoporous structure of never-dried cotton fibers (biological cellulose fibers). Unique cellulose copolymer... more
For the first time, it is shown that water medium allows dissolved methylmethacrylate monomer to penetrate water-swollen natural nanoporous structure of never-dried cotton fibers (biological cellulose fibers). Unique cellulose copolymer nanocomposites are obtained by green nanotechnology process (solvent is water-ideal green solvent-and reaction conducted at 25ºC). It was found that after only 2 h polymerization the conversion of MMA monomer to polymer was 42.97%, compared to zero polymer conversion in absence of never-dried cotton. Higher water uptake i.e. water retention value (WRV) of the cellulose-PMMA-copolymer nanocomposites prepared from never-dried biological cotton fibers, and microscopic investigations confirmed that the polymer was mostly grafted on the cellulose rather than homopolymer filling the fiber pores. Early products of polymerization e.g. dimmers and trimmers act as spacers and widen the porous structure of cell wall, thus increasing water retention value (WRV). We called this phenomenon "intra-polymerization". As the process of polymerization proceeds, polymerization within cell walls leads to cell wall destruction, increasing WRV of fibers, giving superabsorbent end product. The produced unique biological cotton-PMMA green nanocomposite we discovered find their use in several advanced medical and pharmaceutical fields; as nonwoven pads, bandages or board-like transparent nanocomposites of bending strength up to 955 kg/cm 2 .
Research Interests: Polymer Chemistry, Polymer science, Green Chemistry, Polymers, Natural Polymers, and 33 morePolymer synthesis, Polymer Blends, Polymer Nanocomposites, Biodegradable polymer composites, Polymer, Cotton Industry, Cotton, Cotton fiber development and guality improvement, Polymer Composites, Polymer Matrix Composites: Morphology of short fibers, Green composites and development of damage in fibres, Graft Copolymerization, Grafted Polysacharides, Biodegradable Polymers, Polymer Science and Technology, Cotton Fibre Initiation, Polymer synthesis and modification, Polymer Technology, polymer science and Engineering, Cotton Fiber, Methyl Methacrylate, Graft copolymerization of Carboxymethylcellulose: An Overview, Poly(methyl Methacrylate), Polymethyl Methacrylates, Synthesis of Grafted Polymer, Cotton Fiber Composite, Cellulose Fibers, Graft Polymerization, Better Cotton Initiatives, Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), Fine Cellulose Fibers, Green Polymer Chemistry, Methyl Methacralyte, and Cotton Fibers(Polymer synthesis, Polymer Blends, Polymer Nanocomposites, Biodegradable polymer composites, Polymer, Cotton Industry, Cotton, Cotton fiber development and guality improvement, Polymer Composites, Polymer Matrix Composites: Morphology of short fibers, Green composites and development of damage in fibres, Graft Copolymerization, Grafted Polysacharides, Biodegradable Polymers, Polymer Science and Technology, Cotton Fibre Initiation, Polymer synthesis and modification, Polymer Technology, polymer science and Engineering, Cotton Fiber, Methyl Methacrylate, Graft copolymerization of Carboxymethylcellulose: An Overview, Poly(methyl Methacrylate), Polymethyl Methacrylates, Synthesis of Grafted Polymer, Cotton Fiber Composite, Cellulose Fibers, Graft Polymerization, Better Cotton Initiatives, Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), Fine Cellulose Fibers, Green Polymer Chemistry, Methyl Methacralyte, and Cotton Fibers)
(Polymer synthesis, Polymer Blends, Polymer Nanocomposites, Biodegradable polymer composites, Polymer, Cotton Industry, Cotton, Cotton fiber development and guality improvement, Polymer Composites, Polymer Matrix Composites: Morphology of short fibers, Green composites and development of damage in fibres, Graft Copolymerization, Grafted Polysacharides, Biodegradable Polymers, Polymer Science and Technology, Cotton Fibre Initiation, Polymer synthesis and modification, Polymer Technology, polymer science and Engineering, Cotton Fiber, Methyl Methacrylate, Graft copolymerization of Carboxymethylcellulose: An Overview, Poly(methyl Methacrylate), Polymethyl Methacrylates, Synthesis of Grafted Polymer, Cotton Fiber Composite, Cellulose Fibers, Graft Polymerization, Better Cotton Initiatives, Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), Fine Cellulose Fibers, Green Polymer Chemistry, Methyl Methacralyte, and Cotton Fibers)
The present work shows for the first time worldwide that sucrose can be easily placed by simple techniques within the micropores or nanostructure of the mercerized non-dried cotton linter fibers to create a low-cost cellulose substitute.... more
The present work shows for the first time worldwide that sucrose can be easily placed by simple techniques within the micropores or nanostructure of the mercerized non-dried cotton linter fibers to create a low-cost cellulose substitute. Such sucrose-containing nanocomposites find suitable use as specialty absorbent paper. Relative to the sucrose-free paper, the sucrose-containing counterparts exhibit greater breaking length and remarkably high water uptake (WRV) up to a sucrose content of 8–15% w/w. Mercerization of cotton linters before incorporating them with sucrose greatly enhanced the retention of sucrose in the prepared paper nanocomposites as compared to the case of unmercerized cotton linters. We assume that regions of the cell wall lamellae, on both sides of the sucrose spacers, are stressed during drying because the sucrose spacers hinder them to relax. This leads to a strain, which makes some microfibrils partially released and protrude out of the fiber. Thus, a sort of fiber beating takes place. We called this phenomenon incorporation beating or encapsulation beating to differentiate it from chemical and mechanical beatings, and it explains the great increase in breaking length of the paper nanocomposites prepared from the mercerized non-dried sucrose-loaded linters.
Research Interests: Nanomaterials Characterization, Nanocomposites, Nanomaterials, Nanotechnology, Nano Composites, and 39 morePolymer Nanocomposites, Pulp and Paper, Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Pulping, pulp and paper Technology, Cotton Industry, Cotton, Cotton fiber development and guality improvement, Nanoscience, Polymer Nano Composite, Sucrose, Polymeric Nanocapsules, Nanocomposites, Natural Fibers, Biopolymers, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Sucrose Utilization, Cotton Fibre Initiation, Polymer, Pulp and Paper, Pulp and paper technology., Pulp and Papermaking, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Cotton Fiber, Pulp & Paper, Cellulose Nanotechnology, Paper Nanofiber, Biorefinery, Pulp and Paper Industry, Nanoporous Materials, Natural Nanomaterials and Composites, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Paper pulp, Pulp and Paper +recycling, Cotton Fiber Composite, Technology of pulp and paper, Cellulose Fibers, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Antimicrobial Finish on Cotton, Porous nanostructure materials, Better Cotton Initiatives, Modified Cotton, Paper and Pulp Mills, and Fine Cellulose Fibers(Polymer Nanocomposites, Pulp and Paper, Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Pulping, pulp and paper Technology, Cotton Industry, Cotton, Cotton fiber development and guality improvement, Nanoscience, Polymer Nano Composite, Sucrose, Polymeric Nanocapsules, Nanocomposites, Natural Fibers, Biopolymers, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Sucrose Utilization, Cotton Fibre Initiation, Polymer, Pulp and Paper, Pulp and paper technology., Pulp and Papermaking, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Cotton Fiber, Pulp & Paper, Cellulose Nanotechnology, Paper Nanofiber, Biorefinery, Pulp and Paper Industry, Nanoporous Materials, Natural Nanomaterials and Composites, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Paper pulp, Pulp and Paper +recycling, Cotton Fiber Composite, Technology of pulp and paper, Cellulose Fibers, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Antimicrobial Finish on Cotton, Porous nanostructure materials, Better Cotton Initiatives, Modified Cotton, Paper and Pulp Mills, and Fine Cellulose Fibers)
(Polymer Nanocomposites, Pulp and Paper, Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Pulping, pulp and paper Technology, Cotton Industry, Cotton, Cotton fiber development and guality improvement, Nanoscience, Polymer Nano Composite, Sucrose, Polymeric Nanocapsules, Nanocomposites, Natural Fibers, Biopolymers, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Sucrose Utilization, Cotton Fibre Initiation, Polymer, Pulp and Paper, Pulp and paper technology., Pulp and Papermaking, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Cotton Fiber, Pulp & Paper, Cellulose Nanotechnology, Paper Nanofiber, Biorefinery, Pulp and Paper Industry, Nanoporous Materials, Natural Nanomaterials and Composites, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Paper pulp, Pulp and Paper +recycling, Cotton Fiber Composite, Technology of pulp and paper, Cellulose Fibers, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Antimicrobial Finish on Cotton, Porous nanostructure materials, Better Cotton Initiatives, Modified Cotton, Paper and Pulp Mills, and Fine Cellulose Fibers)
This work introduces, for the first time worldwide, undeinked recycled old newsprint as a new resource of electrical purposes paper. Impregnation of undeinked recycled old newsprint paper with linseed oil enhances the breaking length of... more
This work introduces, for the first time worldwide, undeinked recycled old newsprint as a new resource of electrical purposes paper. Impregnation of undeinked recycled old newsprint paper with linseed oil enhances the breaking length of paper and remarkably improves its electrical properties, i.e., the dielectric constant increases greatly and the a.c. conductivity decreases significantly due to impregnation. It was found that the electrical properties of the undeinked old newsprint paper and its linseed oil impregnated counterpart are close to the electrical properties of paper made from the more expensive virgin wood pulps and their linseed oil impregnated counterparts. Using the undeinked pulp is more privileged than using the deinked pulp; because eliminating the deinking step saves money, time, and reagents. In addition, eliminating the deinking step improved the breaking length of paper. Electron dispersive X-ray elemental analysis (EDX) was used to investigate the undeinked and deinked pulps for residual elements originating from the printing materials. EDX was correlated to the slight differences in electrical properties of paper made from undeinked and deinked pulps. However, impregnation was able to overcome these slight differences. It was shown that improvement in electrical properties, due to impregnation, is sustained at elevated temperatures.
Research Interests: Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Materials Engineering, Power Electronics, Electronics, and 21 morePlant Biology, Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Electronics and communication, Electrical, Insulation Material Developing, Wood science and technology, Silicon on Insulator, Vacuum Insulation,high Voltage Insulation Design ,electromagnetic Design, Electronics Engineering, Forestry Sciences, Electrical Insulation, Dielectric Constant, Electrical Properties, Paper Electronics, Insulation, High Voltage Engineering (Insulation Diagnostics, Partial Discharge Measurement, Finite Element Analysis Modelling, Condition Monitoring), Electrical Insulation Systems, Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Condition monitoring of insulation systems in electrical machines., Electical Insulation, and Linseed Oil(Plant Biology, Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Electronics and communication, Electrical, Insulation Material Developing, Wood science and technology, Silicon on Insulator, Vacuum Insulation,high Voltage Insulation Design ,electromagnetic Design, Electronics Engineering, Forestry Sciences, Electrical Insulation, Dielectric Constant, Electrical Properties, Paper Electronics, Insulation, High Voltage Engineering (Insulation Diagnostics, Partial Discharge Measurement, Finite Element Analysis Modelling, Condition Monitoring), Electrical Insulation Systems, Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Condition monitoring of insulation systems in electrical machines., Electical Insulation, and Linseed Oil)
(Plant Biology, Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Electronics and communication, Electrical, Insulation Material Developing, Wood science and technology, Silicon on Insulator, Vacuum Insulation,high Voltage Insulation Design ,electromagnetic Design, Electronics Engineering, Forestry Sciences, Electrical Insulation, Dielectric Constant, Electrical Properties, Paper Electronics, Insulation, High Voltage Engineering (Insulation Diagnostics, Partial Discharge Measurement, Finite Element Analysis Modelling, Condition Monitoring), Electrical Insulation Systems, Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Condition monitoring of insulation systems in electrical machines., Electical Insulation, and Linseed Oil)
This work introduces, for the first time worldwide, an advanced nanocomposite involving two additives – a nanoadditive and a conventional additive – within a matrix of natural cellulose fibers. The first additive (the nanoadditive) is... more
This work introduces, for the first time worldwide, an advanced nanocomposite involving two additives – a nanoadditive and a conventional additive – within a matrix of natural cellulose fibers. The first additive (the nanoadditive) is sucrose, which incorporates the nanoporous structure of the cell walls of cellulose fibers. The second additive (the conventional additive) is kaolin, the famous paper filler. Kaolin is enmeshed between the adjacent cellulose fibers. This advanced paper nanocomposite was prepared by simple techniques.
The present work shows, for the first time, that sucrose can overcome the ultimate fate of deterioration in strength of paper, due to addition of inorganic fillers such as kaolin. This deterioration was counteracted by incorporating cellulose fibers with sucrose, which leads to incorporation beating of the fibers, and thus increases the strength of the produced paper nanocomposites. In addition, sucrose was proven – for the first time – to act as retention aid for inorganic fillers such as kaolin. We called this phenomenon incorporation retention to differentiate it from the conventional types of retention of inorganic fillers.
Recent studies, by the authors and others, have shown that incorporating cellulose fibers, with sucrose, leads to paper nanocomposites of enhanced strength (breaking length). Also, sucrose is privileged by its small size (0.8 nm), substantial hydrogen bonding capacity, low cost, and abundance. Therefore, sucrose was chosen as a nanoadditive in this work. The present study shows that the nanoadditive sucrose may find its use as a new retention aid and strength promoter in papermaking.
The present work shows, for the first time, that sucrose can overcome the ultimate fate of deterioration in strength of paper, due to addition of inorganic fillers such as kaolin. This deterioration was counteracted by incorporating cellulose fibers with sucrose, which leads to incorporation beating of the fibers, and thus increases the strength of the produced paper nanocomposites. In addition, sucrose was proven – for the first time – to act as retention aid for inorganic fillers such as kaolin. We called this phenomenon incorporation retention to differentiate it from the conventional types of retention of inorganic fillers.
Recent studies, by the authors and others, have shown that incorporating cellulose fibers, with sucrose, leads to paper nanocomposites of enhanced strength (breaking length). Also, sucrose is privileged by its small size (0.8 nm), substantial hydrogen bonding capacity, low cost, and abundance. Therefore, sucrose was chosen as a nanoadditive in this work. The present study shows that the nanoadditive sucrose may find its use as a new retention aid and strength promoter in papermaking.
This work introduces, for the first time worldwide, molasses – a byproduct of the sugar industry – as a master retention aid and strength promoter in papermaking. The paper nanocomposites produced in the present work – involving molasses,... more
This work introduces, for the first time worldwide, molasses – a byproduct of the sugar industry – as a master retention aid and strength promoter in papermaking. The paper nanocomposites produced in the present work – involving molasses, natural cellulose fibers, and kaolin – retained larger amounts of kaolin while exhibiting greater strength, as compared to their molasses-free counterparts. Recently, the authors have shown, for the first time, that the nanoadditive sucrose can overcome the ultimate fate of deterioration in strength of paper, due to addition of inorganic fillers such as kaolin. This deterioration was counteracted by incorporating the nanoporous structure of cellulose fibers with sucrose, which leads to incorporation beating of the fibers, and thus increases the strength of the produced paper nanocomposites. In addition, the nanoadditive sucrose was proven – for the first time – to act as retention aid for inorganic fillers such as kaolin. We called this phenomenon incorporation retention to differentiate it from the conventional types of retention of inorganic fillers. On the other hand, it is well established in the literature that using gums (including starch) as additives in papermaking enhances the strength of paper. Molasses contains both the nanoadditive (sucrose), and gums (including starch). Molasses is a byproduct of sugar industry, which is cheaper than sucrose; and a major part of sucrose lost in sugar industry resides in molasses. Moreover, molasses is an environmentally safe additive. Therefore, the nanoadditive (molasses) was chosen, in the present work, to be manipulated as a master strength promoting retention aid for inorganic fillers used in papermaking, such as kaolin.
Research Interests:
Self-bonding of air-dried undebarked cotton stalks during hot pressing in a closely fitting mold was studied. Advanced board-like green nanocomposites from ground undebarked cotton stalks were introduced for the first time in the present... more
Self-bonding of air-dried undebarked cotton stalks during hot pressing in a closely fitting mold was studied. Advanced board-like green nanocomposites from ground undebarked cotton stalks were introduced for the first time in the present work. The dry forming process was adopted. Moderate molding pressure and temperature were selected and applied in a tight die, thus saving water and energy and avoiding the use of any binders to achieve an environment-friendly green product. Green nanocomposites having densities in the range of 1.27–1.29 g/cm3 and 1.03–1.06 g/cm3 were prepared. Particle size and cell wall morphological structure were found to play a major role in self-bonding. Properties of composites prepared from the fine fraction of cotton stalks were superior to those prepared from the cotton stalk coarse fraction at the same conditions. This is attributed—among other things—to the dominance of pith (parenchymal cells) in the fine fraction. Such cells possess a high lumen-to-cell wall ratio, which renders them more deformable under pressure, leading to more intercellular or interparticle bonding. Advanced binderless green nanocomposites having bending strength as high as 637 kg/cm2 and water absorption as low as 12.1 % were obtained from the ground undebarked cotton stalks. The results show clearly that the advanced green nanocomposite obtained by the dry forming process, without the addition of any binders, is superior to hardboard obtained from cotton stalks by the conventional wet web formation process. The mechanism of self-bonding is discussed.
Research Interests:
The present work introduces mild – room temperature – potassium permanganate treatment of cellulosic materials, namely already bleached pulps. Such treatment represents a new approach for upgrading pulp and paper quality, which is lacking... more
The present work introduces mild – room temperature – potassium permanganate treatment of cellulosic materials, namely already bleached pulps. Such treatment represents a new approach for upgrading pulp and paper quality, which is lacking in the literature. Potassium permanganate was investigated as a purifying and mild oxidizing agent for commercial already bleached softwood and bagasse pulps. It was found that treatment of the bleached beaten pulps, with 0.25–2% KMnO4 (based on pulp weight), led to significant improvement in paper properties. The strength (breaking length) increased greatly and the brightness increased significantly due to treatment. The improvements were related to the degree of polymerization, and to the alphacellulose content of pulps.
Moreover, potassium permanganate serves as a disinfectant and deodorizer. Thus treatment of bleached pulps with KMnO4 is a promising remedy for the side effects which pulps suffer, during transportation and storage, before papermaking.
Moreover, potassium permanganate serves as a disinfectant and deodorizer. Thus treatment of bleached pulps with KMnO4 is a promising remedy for the side effects which pulps suffer, during transportation and storage, before papermaking.
Research Interests:
This work introduces, for the first time worldwide, the means to preserve and protect the natural nanoporous structure of the never-dried plant cell wall, against the irreversible collapse, which occurs due to drying. Simultaneously,... more
This work introduces, for the first time worldwide, the means to preserve and protect the natural nanoporous structure of the never-dried plant cell wall, against the irreversible collapse, which occurs due to drying. Simultaneously, these means, used for the above-mentioned aim, provide a gateway to novel nanocomposite materials, which retain the super reactive and super absorbent properties of the never-dried biological cellulose fibers. The present work showed, for the first time worldwide, that glucose can be vaccinated into the cell wall micropores or nanostructure of the never-dried biological cellulose fibers, by simple new techniques, to create a reactive novel nanocomposite material possessing surprising super absorbent properties. Inoculation of the never dried biological cellulose fibers, with glucose, prevented the collapse of the cell wall nanostructure, which normally occurs due to drying. The nanocomposite, produced after drying of the glucose inoculated biological cellulose, retained the super absorbent properties of the never dried biological cellulose fibers. It was found that glucose under certain circumstances grafts to the never dried biological cellulose fibers to form a novel natural nanocomposite material. About 3-8% (w/w) glucose remained grafted in the novel nanocomposite.
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Finding new uses for recycled paper (a cellulose rich raw material), and increasing the rate of recycling is beneficial to the environmental efficiency of the whole paper industry. The present work introduces, for the first time, deinked... more
Finding new uses for recycled paper (a cellulose rich raw material), and increasing the rate of recycling is beneficial to the environmental efficiency of the whole paper industry. The present work introduces, for the first time, deinked recycled old newsprint as a new resource of electrical purposes paper. Impregnation of recycled deinked old newsprint paper, by linseed oil, enhances the breaking length of paper and remarkably improves its electrical properties i.e., the dielectric constant increases greatly and the a.c. conductivity decreases significantly due to impregnation. It was found that the electrical properties of deinked recycled old newsprint paper and its linseed oil impregnated counterpart, are close to the electrical properties of paper made from the more expensive virgin wood pulps and their linseed oil impregnated counterparts. In a series of research articles, the authors and others threw light for the first time on the electrical properties of paper made from agricultural residues pulps, and their linseed oil impregnated counterparts. Some, of the investigated agricultural residues papers, showed electrical properties close to wood papers, or even superior to it. This motivated the authors to expand the studies, on electrical properties of paper, to other cheap and abundant raw materials. Recycled old newsprint is an abundant raw material that is cheaper than virgin wood pulps. Therefore, recycled deinked old newsprint paper was chosen as a new raw material to study its electrical properties in this work. The effect of elevated temperatures on the electrical properties of paper is, also, studied. It is shown that improvement in electrical properties, due to impregnation, is sustained at elevated temperatures. Impregnated deinked recycled old newsprint paper produced in this work finds its use as specialty electrical purposes paper.
Research Interests: Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Organic Chemistry, Power Electronics, Electronics, and 22 moreElectronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Morphology, Electronics and communication, Electrical, Raw materials, Insulation Material Developing, Silicon on Insulator, Dielectric Properties, Vacuum Insulation,high Voltage Insulation Design ,electromagnetic Design, Electronics Engineering, Electrical Insulation, Dielectric Constant, Electrical Conductivity, Food Sciences, Paper Electronics, Insulation, High Voltage Engineering (Insulation Diagnostics, Partial Discharge Measurement, Finite Element Analysis Modelling, Condition Monitoring), Electrical Insulation Systems, Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Carbohydrate Polymers, Condition monitoring of insulation systems in electrical machines., and Insulation paper(Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Morphology, Electronics and communication, Electrical, Raw materials, Insulation Material Developing, Silicon on Insulator, Dielectric Properties, Vacuum Insulation,high Voltage Insulation Design ,electromagnetic Design, Electronics Engineering, Electrical Insulation, Dielectric Constant, Electrical Conductivity, Food Sciences, Paper Electronics, Insulation, High Voltage Engineering (Insulation Diagnostics, Partial Discharge Measurement, Finite Element Analysis Modelling, Condition Monitoring), Electrical Insulation Systems, Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Carbohydrate Polymers, Condition monitoring of insulation systems in electrical machines., and Insulation paper)
(Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Morphology, Electronics and communication, Electrical, Raw materials, Insulation Material Developing, Silicon on Insulator, Dielectric Properties, Vacuum Insulation,high Voltage Insulation Design ,electromagnetic Design, Electronics Engineering, Electrical Insulation, Dielectric Constant, Electrical Conductivity, Food Sciences, Paper Electronics, Insulation, High Voltage Engineering (Insulation Diagnostics, Partial Discharge Measurement, Finite Element Analysis Modelling, Condition Monitoring), Electrical Insulation Systems, Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Carbohydrate Polymers, Condition monitoring of insulation systems in electrical machines., and Insulation paper)
The reactivity of cellulose fibers depends on the extent of agglomeration and adhesion of the elementary fibrils due to drying and on the capacity of the reagent to dissoc. the agglomerated elementary fibrils. Mercerization of the fibers... more
The reactivity of cellulose fibers depends on the extent of agglomeration and adhesion of the elementary fibrils due to drying and on the capacity of the reagent to dissoc. the agglomerated elementary fibrils. Mercerization of the fibers dissocd. the microfibrils into the original elementary fibrils and exposed the cell wall surfaces. Cotton fibers subjected to reaction while still in the never-dried biol. state, have similar reactivity as rayon.
Research Interests:
Figure 1 linked to Article: Fahmy Y, Mobarak F (1971) On fine structure of cellulose fibers. Svensk Papperstidning 74(1):2-9 ABSTRACT: For the first time, never-dried cotton from unopened green cotton bolls was isolated and characterized... more
Figure 1 linked to Article: Fahmy Y, Mobarak F (1971) On fine structure of cellulose fibers. Svensk Papperstidning 74(1):2-9 ABSTRACT: For the first time, never-dried cotton from unopened green cotton bolls was isolated and characterized (we designated it as biological cellulose fibers). Several methods for determination of the swellability of cellulose fibers are discussed with respect to their reliability in measuring cell-wall water content. The fiber density, as measured by H2O or xylene displacement, was interpreted in terms of fiber fine structure, i.e., the degree of packing of cellulose molecules in the protofibril. The water retention value of never-dried cotton, isolated from green unopened cotton bolls, was close to that of never-dried rayon. The never-dried cotton became cryst. for the first time after air drying. Water treatment of the air-dried fibers failed to return the cell wall to its original biological volume. The reactivity of cellulose fibers depended on the degree of preservation of the biological volume and on the chemical treatments and drying.
Research Interests:
It is shown that cellulose in the biological, i.e. never-dried, native state is much more reactive than air-dried or conventional cellulose. In the biological state, cellulose fibres are as reactive as the never-dried regenerated... more
It is shown that cellulose in the biological, i.e. never-dried, native state is much more reactive than air-dried or conventional cellulose. In the biological state, cellulose fibres are as reactive as the never-dried regenerated cellulose. It is indicated that reactivity of cellulose is correlated to the extent of dissociation of microfibrils to elementary fibrils or protofibrils rather than to crystallinity.
Acetylated samples obtained from biological cotton are characterized by enormously higher water uptake than acetate obtained from conventional cotton. Despite acetyl contents of about 16%, such samples possessed higher WRV than unacetylated conventional cotton. This is accounted for and demonstrates that cellulose derivatives of different properties could be obtained from biological cellulose.
Acetylated samples obtained from biological cotton are characterized by enormously higher water uptake than acetate obtained from conventional cotton. Despite acetyl contents of about 16%, such samples possessed higher WRV than unacetylated conventional cotton. This is accounted for and demonstrates that cellulose derivatives of different properties could be obtained from biological cellulose.
Research Interests:
A high fibre saturation point (FSP) of about 120% is ascribed to pure cellulose nature fibre in the never-dried state irrespective of plant origin, as well as to never-dried regenerated cellulose fibres. Since FSP is a measure of fibre... more
A high fibre saturation point (FSP) of about 120% is ascribed to pure cellulose
nature fibre in the never-dried state irrespective of plant origin, as well as to
never-dried regenerated cellulose fibres.
Since FSP is a measure of fibre porosity, all never-dried fibrous cellulose may possess the same accessibility to reagents. Reactivity in such a state represents the highest cellulose reactivity in its coherent fibrous state. This was confirmed experimentally. After nature-, air-drying cellulose fibres respectively and after treating them with water, different fibres revert to the original biological cell wall volume or never-dried volume lo different extents. While dry-regenerated fibres possess a high degree of reversion in water into the never-dried state, dry cotton reverts to a much smaller- degree. Acid treatment also failed to affect considerably the reversion of cotton fibres. Treatment with sodium hydroxide solution of about 18% concentration reverts cotton cell wall completely to the original biological volume as far as FSP is concerned. This is termed 100% reversion.
Higher degrees of reversion indicate the weakening or the beginning of the loss of fibrous structure and its transformation into a more or less non fibrous gel structure, usually accompanied by partial cellulose dissolution. Some examples are given in the paper.
nature fibre in the never-dried state irrespective of plant origin, as well as to
never-dried regenerated cellulose fibres.
Since FSP is a measure of fibre porosity, all never-dried fibrous cellulose may possess the same accessibility to reagents. Reactivity in such a state represents the highest cellulose reactivity in its coherent fibrous state. This was confirmed experimentally. After nature-, air-drying cellulose fibres respectively and after treating them with water, different fibres revert to the original biological cell wall volume or never-dried volume lo different extents. While dry-regenerated fibres possess a high degree of reversion in water into the never-dried state, dry cotton reverts to a much smaller- degree. Acid treatment also failed to affect considerably the reversion of cotton fibres. Treatment with sodium hydroxide solution of about 18% concentration reverts cotton cell wall completely to the original biological volume as far as FSP is concerned. This is termed 100% reversion.
Higher degrees of reversion indicate the weakening or the beginning of the loss of fibrous structure and its transformation into a more or less non fibrous gel structure, usually accompanied by partial cellulose dissolution. Some examples are given in the paper.
Research Interests:
For the first time, never-dried cotton from unopened green cotton bolls was isolated and characterized (we designated it as biological cellulose fibers). Several methods for determination of the swellability of cellulose fibers are... more
For the first time, never-dried cotton from unopened green cotton bolls was isolated and characterized (we designated it as biological cellulose fibers). Several methods for determination of the swellability of cellulose fibers are discussed with respect to their reliability in measuring cell-wall water content. The fiber density, as measured by H2O or xylene displacement, was interpreted in terms of fiber fine structure, i.e., the degree of packing of cellulose molecules in the protofibril. The water retention value of never-dried cotton, isolated from green unopened cotton bolls, was close to that of never-dried rayon. The never-dried cotton became cryst. for the first time after air drying. Water treatment of the air-dried fibers failed to return the cell wall to its original biological volume. The reactivity of cellulose fibers depended on the degree of preservation of the biological volume and on the chemical treatments and drying.
Research Interests:
For the first time worldwide, it is shown that our novel nanocomposite produced from natural fibers vaccinated with glucose--by fully green nanotechnology--possesses surprising reactivity towards urea. Magic super absorbent carbamated... more
For the first time worldwide, it is shown that our novel nanocomposite produced from natural fibers vaccinated with glucose--by fully green nanotechnology--possesses surprising reactivity towards urea. Magic super absorbent carbamated nanocomposite cotton fabrics having remarkable distinguished properties were obtained in few minutes. It is well established that carbamates possess antibacterial effects. The produced magic nanocomposite fabrics, we discovered for the first time worldwide, find their use as woven or nonwoven hygienic pads, bandages or paper nanocomposites.
Research Interests:
Tar and charcoal could be produced in high yields from bagasse by applying a rapid continuous pyrolysis process at a relatively low temperature. The ether extractives of the pyrolytic tar and oil amounted to 9.4 % based on bagasse.... more
Tar and charcoal could be produced in high yields from bagasse by applying a rapid continuous pyrolysis process at a relatively low temperature. The ether extractives of the pyrolytic tar and oil amounted to 9.4 % based on bagasse. Phenols represented 79 % of these extractives. Gas chromatographic separation showed that guaiacol and its derivatives constituted 38 % of the identified simple phenols. There were much smaller amounts of syringol and none at high pyrolysis temperatures. Depithing did not reduce the ash content of the charcoal, but it yielded an environmentally clean charcoal containing practically no sulfur or nitrogen. It was necessary to remove the fine particle size fraction of the bagasse after grinding in order to reduce the ash content of the charcoal The carbon content of the charcoal increased rapidly with increasing temperature, and reached 96 % at 720 ~ C. The charcoal had a remarkably high adsorption capacity despite the fact that it had not been subjected to any activation treatment.
Charcoal of >80% C content was obtained from cotton stalks by a rapid continuous pyrolysis process. The yield was 17-37% depending on the pyrolysis temp. When increasing the temp. from 400-700° the C content of the charcoal initially... more
Charcoal of >80% C content was obtained from cotton stalks by a rapid continuous pyrolysis process. The yield was 17-37% depending on the pyrolysis temp. When increasing the temp. from 400-700° the C content of the charcoal initially increased, then remained const. while the yield decreased. The optimum pyrolysis temp. was 600°. At this temp. a produce having 86% C content on a moisture and ash free basis was obtained. Considerable amts. of pyrolytic tar and oil are obtained which can be used as fuel or a feedstock of chems. The bulk d. of charcoal went through a min. at a pyrolysis temp. of 600°. The increase obsd. at higher temps. was attributed to the collapse of the cell wall structure. On the other hand, the adsorption activity decreased continually with increasing pyrolysis temp.
Research Interests:
Cotton stalks were pyrolysed by a rapid continuous method. The temperature range for producing maximum yield of char and tars respectively oils was found to be from 100C to 600C. Below 400C useless char of low degree of carbonization was... more
Cotton stalks were pyrolysed by a rapid continuous method. The temperature range for producing maximum yield of char and tars respectively oils was found to be from 100C to 600C. Below 400C useless char of low degree of carbonization was obtained. Above 600°, almost gasification pyrolysis took place. The increase of the temperature within this range decreased the total tar yield. The yield of the phenolic constituents of the tar decreased but the ratio neutrals to acids in the tar increased. Fine grinding of the stalks before pyrolysis led to an increase in the total yield of the phenolic mixture but to a remarkable decrease in the phenols with simpler molecular structure indicating favoured secondary condensation reactions . Assessment of lignin structure by the rapid pyrolysis method used showed that cotton stalks lignin belongs to the guaiacyl-syringyl type hut with a higher ratio of syringol. Syringol constituted 35 % of the identified phenols and with its derivatives it made up 57 % while guaiacol made up only 13 % and with its derivatives 24.4%. One can thus rather speak of a syringyl-guaiacyl type. Suitability of cotton stalks pyrolytic oil as a source of chemicals and energy is discussed especially in connection with hazards due to storage of the stalks for use as indoor fuel by the farmers.
The self-bonding of air-dry bagasse and bagasse pith exhibited during hot-pressing in a closely fitting mold is studied under varying conditions. It is shown that the ability of the particles to pack up closely is most important to... more
The self-bonding of air-dry bagasse and bagasse pith exhibited during hot-pressing in a closely fitting mold is studied under varying conditions. It is shown that the ability of the particles to pack up closely is most important to self-bonding. The pith fraction which causes great trouble in paper and fiberboaid making gives a highly densified, plastic-like product superior to t hose from whole or depithed bagasse. This is attributed to the high lumen to cell wall ratio which favours the formation of interparticle bonds. Bending strength up to 130 N/nm2and water absorption äs low äs 10% are obtained at 25.5 MPa molding pressure and 175 °C. Increasing the initial moisture content of pith from 7 to 14 percent results in deterioration of both strength and water resistance while the contrary applies to depithed bagasse. Eventually, the mechanism of self-bonding is discussed.
Research Interests: Wood Plastic Composite, Wood Science, Wood Anatomy, Prefabricated wood, Wood chemistry, and 11 moreWood Engineering, Wood Adhesives, Wood science and technology, Wood Technology, Forestry Sciences, Binderless Fiberboard, Bagasse, Binderless, Materials Technology (Wood Derivatives), Sugarcane Bagasse, and Binderless Particleboard
Related References to Binderless lignocellulose composite from bagasse and mechanism of self-bonding: Mobarak F, Fahmy Y, Augustin H (1982) Binderless lignocellulose composite from bagasse and mechanism of self-bonding. Holzforschung... more
Related References to Binderless lignocellulose composite from bagasse and mechanism of self-bonding: Mobarak F, Fahmy Y, Augustin H (1982) Binderless lignocellulose composite from bagasse and mechanism of self-bonding. Holzforschung 36(3): 131-135. Related References: {1} Fahmy TYA, Mobarak F (2013) Advanced binderless board-like green nanocomposites from undebarked cotton stalks and mechanism of self-bonding. Cellulose 20(3): 1453. {2} Fahmy Y, Fadl N A (1974) A study of the production of hardboard from some indigenous agricultural residues. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 17(3):293-301. {3} Fahmy Y, Fadl N A (1979) Acetylation in particle board making. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 20(4):397-403. {4} Mobarak F, Nada A M, Fahmy Y (1975) Fibreboard from exotic raw materials. I. Hardboard from rice straw pulps. Journal of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology 25(9):653 - 658. Fahmy Y, Fahmy TYA, Mobarak F, El-Sakhawy M, Fadl MH (2017) Agricultural Residues (Wastes) for Manufacture of Paper, Board, and Miscellaneous Products: Background Overview and Future Prospects. International Journal of ChemTech Research 10(2): 424-448.
The suitability of rice straw for hardboard making was studied. Both the mechanical and semichemical pulping methods were investigated. It was found that addition of a relatively high amount of resin (2–3 %) is essential if... more
The suitability of rice straw for hardboard making was studied. Both the mechanical and semichemical pulping methods were investigated. It was found that addition of a relatively high amount of resin (2–3 %) is essential if hardboard—comparable to average commercial samples made from wood—is to be made from mechanically prepared rice straw pulp. Mild chemical treatment of the mechanical straw pulp by sodium hydroxide at optimum conditions, however, enabled the amount of resin added to be reduced and improved the bending strength and water resistance of the board considerably. Treatment with calcium hydroxide or sulphuric acid was, generally, less successful. This was accounted for by changes in pulp chemical composition. On the other hand, when the straw was first subjected to mild chemical pretreatment followed by the mechanical defibration, many fines were formed and the resulting semichemical pulp was not suitable for hardboard.
Research Interests:
The obtained results show clearly the different role of hemicelluloses in situ and of hemicelluloses as additive. Hemicellulose added as an additive proved to be more effective than hemicellulose in situ as a strength promoter.... more
The obtained results show clearly the different role of hemicelluloses in situ and of hemicelluloses as additive. Hemicellulose added as an additive proved to be more effective than hemicellulose in situ as a strength promoter. Accordingly, the utilization of hemicellulose as additive in papermaking might replace application of pulping methods of far reaching protective effect on hemicelluloses. The hemicelluloses extracted from hardwood and rice straw pulps were re-added to the extracted pulps to restore the original pentosan content. The obtained paper sheets showed higher strength than those obtained from the original unextracted pulps. Isolated hemicelluloses Were also added to unextracted pulps to raise their hemicellulose content. It has been proved that raising the hemicelluloses content by addition was more effective on paper strength promotion than raising the hemicellulose content, in situ, in the pulp through adjusting pulping conditions. The use of hemicellulose as an additive increases the hemicellulose concentration on the external fiber surfaces where it can exert its maximum effect. In contrast, a large part of the hemicellulose in situ is located deeper in the cell wall where it cannot contribute to fiber bonding. The extent of retention of hemicelluloses as well as the extent of strength improvement depend on the type of hemicellulose fraction added and on the type of pulp used. Acidification of the sodium salt of hemicelluloses to the non-ionized carboxylic form eliminated its strength promoting effect.
Almost all studies on isolation and characterization of hemicelluloses have been carried out on plant raw material and not on pulps. This requires grinding of the plant and the use of expensive delignifying agents. The cellulosic residue... more
Almost all studies on isolation and characterization of hemicelluloses have been carried out on plant raw material and not on pulps. This requires grinding of the plant and the use of expensive delignifying agents. The cellulosic residue becomes useless as potential fiber source. The present study is concerned with isolation and characterization of hemicelluloses from paper pulps. The isolation is easy, relatively cheap, and the fibrous cellulosic residue can be utilized e.g. as dissolving pulp. Hemicelluloses were isolated from bleached hardwood and rice straw paper pulps. The pentosan contents of the whole hemicellulose fractions isolated from both straw and wood pulps were similar and amounted lo about 80 %- The IR spectra of both wood and straw hemicelluloses showed great similarity except that the 1600 cm- 1 absorption band was more intense in the case of wood hemicellulose indicating its higher content of ionized carboxyl groups. This was also confirmed by analytical chemical determination. Hemicellulose fraction A constituted 33.5 % of the whole hemicellulose isolated from the rice straw pulp, while fraction B constituted l6.5 %. The present results represent the first information on hemicelluloses isolated from rice straw pulp.
Different points of view regarding possible utilization of cotton stalks for pulp and paper making are discussed. It is concluded that debarking of cotton stalks prevents the manufacture of fine paper from cotton stalks by lowering the... more
Different points of view regarding possible utilization of cotton stalks for pulp and paper making are discussed. It is concluded that debarking of cotton stalks prevents the manufacture of fine paper from cotton stalks by lowering the pulp yield and quality. This suggests that the whole undebarked stalks should be used for any industrial utilization of this material. The present work aims at studying the suitability of the whole undebarked cotton stalks for newsprint making. The results showed that mechanical pulping of the whole undebarked cotton stalks failed to produce useful pulp. However, chemical pre-treatment of the stalks, by sodium hydroxide at atmospheric pressure, softened the stalks and enabled efficient defiberization during the mechanical pulping. It was possible to bleach the obtained pulps by one step hypochlorite or peroxide as well as by two steps to the brightness in the range of 55-70%. The bleached pulps possessed high freeness, and printing opacity of about 95%. Such pulps, when used alone or blended with bagasse pulp or kraft softwood pulp, gave paper sheets having properties exceeding those usually recommended for newsprint.
Research Interests: Printmaking, Printing History, Print media, Pulp and Paper, Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, and 20 morepulp and paper Technology, Cotton Industry, Cotton, Printing, Cotton fiber development and guality improvement, Printing, Paper, Ink, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Printing Technology, THe de-evolution of Newsprint and the usefulness of truth in Societies Repeatable mistakes, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Pulp and Paper Industry, History of Books, Printing, and Publishing, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Bt Cotton, Newsprint Culture, Technology of pulp and paper, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Better Cotton Initiatives, Issues Related to Print Media Like Newspapers In Comparison With New Media, and Pulp and Paper Technology Newsprint(pulp and paper Technology, Cotton Industry, Cotton, Printing, Cotton fiber development and guality improvement, Printing, Paper, Ink, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Printing Technology, THe de-evolution of Newsprint and the usefulness of truth in Societies Repeatable mistakes, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Pulp and Paper Industry, History of Books, Printing, and Publishing, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Bt Cotton, Newsprint Culture, Technology of pulp and paper, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Better Cotton Initiatives, Issues Related to Print Media Like Newspapers In Comparison With New Media, and Pulp and Paper Technology Newsprint)
(pulp and paper Technology, Cotton Industry, Cotton, Printing, Cotton fiber development and guality improvement, Printing, Paper, Ink, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Printing Technology, THe de-evolution of Newsprint and the usefulness of truth in Societies Repeatable mistakes, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Pulp and Paper Industry, History of Books, Printing, and Publishing, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Bt Cotton, Newsprint Culture, Technology of pulp and paper, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Better Cotton Initiatives, Issues Related to Print Media Like Newspapers In Comparison With New Media, and Pulp and Paper Technology Newsprint)
The effect of starch addition to rice straw pulps on filler retention and paper properties was studied in comparison to wood pulps. In contradistinction to wood pulps, retention of clay by rice straw pulps was not raised upon starch... more
The effect of starch addition to rice straw pulps on filler retention and paper properties was studied in comparison to wood pulps. In contradistinction to wood pulps, retention of clay by rice straw pulps was not raised upon starch addition. This is attributed to the already high retention power of straw pulps in absence of binders which arises from the better and tighter sheet formation of straw paper. Although increased starch addition up to 8% caused continual increase in strength of paper made from wood pulp, strength of rice straw paper ceased to improve after 2% addition. Taking into consideration that· straw pulps contain more hemicelluloses than wood pulps and since hemicelluloses act as cellulose binders, only a small amount of extra binders such as starch will be needed to attain maximum binding effect.
The treatment of cotton linters (before xanthation) with ethylenediamine or sodium hydroxide solution and washing results in a considerable improvement of the filter clogging constant of the viscose obtained. Suitable Kw values are... more
The treatment of cotton linters (before xanthation) with ethylenediamine or sodium hydroxide solution and washing results in a considerable improvement of the filter clogging constant of the viscose obtained. Suitable Kw values are however achieved only through acid hydrolysis of the linters. Intensifying hydrolysis conditions, so as to dispense with the ageing of the alkali cellulose, led to viscose Kw values better than those of commercial wood pulp viscoses. The obtained rayon filaments have a tenacity comparable to that of filaments obtained from Wood pulp. The treatment of wood pulp, before xanthation, with the same liquids although did not lead to a considerable improvement in viscose Kw, yet it improved the yarn tenacity in the case of mercerization. The keeping of cellulose samples in the non-dried slate, after the treatment with the activating liquid and xanthation in this state, led to better viscose filterability and yarn properties in the case of cotton linters. The Influence of drying, however, was insignificant in the ease of wood pulp. The reactivity of cellulose towards emulsion xanthation - as measured by dissolution rate- was more or less proportional to viscose filterability and rayon tenacity but the relationship was evident only in the case of cotton linters.
Research Interests: Cellulose, Cotton Industry, Cotton, Cotton fiber development and guality improvement, Chemical Modification of Cellulose, and 8 moreLignin chemistry, linters pulp, Cotton Yarn, Viscose Staple Fiber, Nanocrystalline Cellulose, Investigation of the Physical Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Agricultural Wastes, Cellulose Fibers, Cellulose Modification, and Better Cotton Initiatives
An endeavor has been made to investigate the fine structure of acetylated cellulose fibers through density and swellability measurements. By taking measures which enable water to penetrate into and fill all pores of acetylated cellulose... more
An endeavor has been made to investigate the fine structure of acetylated cellulose fibers through density and swellability measurements. By taking measures which enable water to penetrate into and fill all pores of acetylated cellulose fibers, density values very close to actual substance density ought to be obtained by the water displacement method. It is suggested that a nearly linear relationship exists between substance density and degree of acetylation. Deviations may indicate changes in the fiber fine structure, possibly due to changes in the reaction pattern. Under progressive acetylation of cotton linters, xylol density approached and finally coincided with actual substance density as measured in water. For progressively acetylated rayon, on the other hand, xylol density always remained lower than water density. This shows that despite chemical modification rayon still possesses finer pores than cotton. The relationship between acetyl content and water uptake, i.e. swellability as determined by WRV was found to be complex. Water uptake depends not only on the acetyl content but also on the type of cellulose, acetylating conditions, and the moisture equilibrium which the cellulose has assumed after the process of acetylation. The decrease in fiber wettability and water uptake when substituting hydroxyl by acetyl groups can be compensated by the increase in fiber porosity due to the swelling caused by the acetylating mixture. The results obtained might have a bearing on the utilization of acetylated fibers.
The influence of cationic starch on some technological paper properties of bagasse pulp and its mixtures with softwood Kraft pulp are investigated. Under addition of 1-2% of starch, strength improvements up to 16% could be achieved. This... more
The influence of cationic starch on some technological paper properties of bagasse pulp and its mixtures with softwood Kraft pulp are investigated. Under addition of 1-2% of starch, strength improvements up to 16% could be achieved. This represents a possibility for Kraft papers to replace a bigger portion of the soft wood pulp by bagasse pulp without causing a major strength decrease.
Partial carboxymethylation of cotton linters and wood pulp in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution did not improve the strength of paper sheets thus obtained.When cellulose was partially xanthated, before being carboxymethylated, the paper... more
Partial carboxymethylation of cotton linters and wood pulp in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution did not improve the strength of paper sheets thus obtained.When cellulose was partially xanthated, before being carboxymethylated, the paper strength rose. Partial xanthation alone, however did not improve paper strength. Xanthation applied before carboxymethylation expanded the cell wall, so that the carboxymethyl groups could be more homogeneously distributed. In addition to these, the forces between carboxymethyl and xanthate groups play some role.
Partial carboxymethylation of cotton linters and wood pulp in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution did not improve the strength of paper sheets thus obtained.When cellulose was partially xanthated, before being carboxymethylated, the paper... more
Partial carboxymethylation of cotton linters and wood pulp in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution did not improve the strength of paper sheets thus obtained.When cellulose was partially xanthated, before being carboxymethylated, the paper strength rose. Partial xanthation alone, however did not improve paper strength. Xanthation applied before carboxymethylation expanded the cell wall, so that the carboxymethyl groups could be more homogeneously distributed. In addition to these, the forces between carboxymethyl and xanthate groups play some role.
EnglishGermanEnglishGermanAbstractThe polymerization rate of methyl methacrylate in water using sodium bisulfite as initiator in absence and in presence of lignocellulose (depithed bagasse, pith and treated pith) was studied. It was found... more
EnglishGermanEnglishGermanAbstractThe polymerization rate of methyl methacrylate in water using sodium bisulfite as initiator in absence and in presence of lignocellulose (depithed bagasse, pith and treated pith) was studied. It was found that the rate of polymerization was considerably higher in presence of bagasse pith than depithed bagasse. The rate of polymerization was further increased upon alkali or acid treatment of the pith. The greatest increase in the polymerization rate was obtained when using alkali treated pith in the non-dried state. This was attributed to the removal of some constituents containing inhibitors from the pith as well as to increasing accessibility of pith cell walls due to the alkali treatment.AbstractDie Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit von Methylmethacrylat in Wasser bei Initiierung mit Natriumbisulfit wurde bei Abwesenheit und in Gegenwart von Lignocellulose (entmarkter Bagasse, Mark und vorbehandeltem Mark) untersucht. In Gegenwart von Bagassemark war die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit beträchtlich höher als bei Gegenwart von entmarkter Bagasse. Durch eine Alkali- oder Säurebehandlung des Marks konnte die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit weiter gesteigert werden. Die größte Zunahme wurde mit alkalibehandeltem Mark im ungetrockneten Zustand erreicht. Das wird durch die Entfernung einiger Bestandteile, die Inhibitoren enthalten, sowie durch die Zunahme der Accessibilität der Zellwände des Mark bei der Alkalibehandlung gedeutet.
It was possible to obtain hardboard of acceptable properties by mechanical pulping of undebarked cotton stalks previously soaked in water at room temperature. Pretreatment of the undebarked cotton stalks with 10–15% NaOH or Ca(OH)2 at... more
It was possible to obtain hardboard of acceptable properties by mechanical pulping of undebarked cotton stalks previously soaked in water at room temperature. Pretreatment of the undebarked cotton stalks with 10–15% NaOH or Ca(OH)2 at atmospheric pressure for 4 h at 100°C, before mechanical defibration, results in considerable improvement in properties of the hardboard and less added resin requirement. The improvement due to chemical pretreatment is attributed to fibre softening. The semichemical pulps prepared from undebarked cotton stalks had remarkably high freeness compared with rice straw. Bending strength and water resistance are better than those obtained from rice straw and average samples of wood wastes.
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Thermogravimetric anal. and differential thermal behavior of starch (I) and oxidized I were studied. Decompn. was 1st order in sample wt. reaction. The activation energy values and the rate consts. were calcd. from the kinetics of wt.... more
Thermogravimetric anal. and differential thermal behavior of starch (I) and oxidized I were studied. Decompn. was 1st order in sample wt. reaction. The activation energy values and the rate consts. were calcd. from the kinetics of wt. loss.I was less stable than oxidized I, and the stability of the samples was arranged in the order of oxidized I with 8 g active Cl/L > 4 g active Cl/L > 6 g active Cl/L > unoxidized I. Volatilization and activation energies of oxidized I were higher than those for unoxidized I. DTA of I and oxidized I showed that the decompn. is exothermic.
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Mineral fillers have long been used in papermaking. The furnish of the writing and printing paper depends on using the fillers as internal or surface treatments. Talc, as an Egyptian filler material, was used as it is or after... more
Mineral fillers have long been used in papermaking. The furnish of the writing and printing paper depends on using the
fillers as internal or surface treatments. Talc, as an Egyptian filler material, was used as it is or after modification to be
used as internal sizing for bleached rice straw pulp. Talc was modified chem. with phthalic anhydride and urea, as well as with rosin size. Talc is chem. inert. The modification was carried out to change the nature of the native talc. The mech. and optical properties of papers internally sized with modified talc were studied. The results indicated that modified talc with phthalic anhydride enhances the mech. and optical properties of sized hand-sheets. It was clear that modification of talc plays a role in improvement of the fiber-filler-fiber bond.
fillers as internal or surface treatments. Talc, as an Egyptian filler material, was used as it is or after modification to be
used as internal sizing for bleached rice straw pulp. Talc was modified chem. with phthalic anhydride and urea, as well as with rosin size. Talc is chem. inert. The modification was carried out to change the nature of the native talc. The mech. and optical properties of papers internally sized with modified talc were studied. The results indicated that modified talc with phthalic anhydride enhances the mech. and optical properties of sized hand-sheets. It was clear that modification of talc plays a role in improvement of the fiber-filler-fiber bond.
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Black liquor of alkali straw pulps, especially rice straw, contains a high amount of silica as sodium silicate. When evaporating the black liquor for recovery of the pulping chemicals, the silica, precipitates on the walls of the... more
Black liquor of alkali straw pulps, especially rice straw, contains a high amount of silica as sodium silicate. When evaporating the black liquor for recovery of the pulping chemicals, the silica, precipitates on the walls of the evaporating tubes leading to serious obstructions. Therefore, to enable the recovery of pulping chemicals, it is necessary to remove the silica. from the black liquor. This could be affected, for instance, by passing carbon dioxide gas in the black liquor. Utilization of the isolated silica promotes the economic feasibility of the recovery process. One of the objectives of this work was to isolate the silica from the black liquor of rice straw in a more or less pure form and to utilize it as a filler in paper making in comparison with common industrial fillers as clay and titanium dioxide. Silica was also directly precipitated from the black Liquor on the pulp fibers during pulping by prolonging the pulping cycle. This represents a process of filling in situ; and one of the objectives of this work was to compare filling in situ with filling in the conventional way by adding the filler to the pulp slurry in the form of aqueous suspension. A further objective was to evaluate the black liquor silica as a pigment for paper coating. In this respect also the flow or rheological properties of the silica coating mixtures were compared with those of industrial coating pigments. SiO2 was isolated from the black liquor of rice-straw pulps by passing CO2 into the liquor under controlled pH and temp. SiO2 was directly pptd. from the black liquor on the pulp fibers by prolonging the pulping cycle. This filling in situ leads to paper of slightly higher d. and opacity, but of considerably higher strength and lower porosity than in the case of filling by addn. Black liquor silica (I), diatomaceous silica (II), clay, and TiO2 increased paper porosity with increased addn. I and II brought about the max. increase in porosity coupled with more decrease in strength. I is as good as TiO2 and II as an opacifying agent. I was investigated as pigment for paper coating. The flow or rheological properties of I coating mixts. were similar to those of TiO2 coating mixts.
Research Interests: Papermaking, Silicon, Silicate mineralogy, Silicon Photonics, Pulp and Paper, and 32 morePulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Pulping, pulp and paper Technology, Crystalline silicon solar cells, Porous Silicon, Porous Silica, Silicon Carbide, Mesoporous Silica Modification, Silica, Silicon Nanowires, Silica Nanoparticles, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, Kraft Pulping and Bleaching of Pulp, White and Black Liquor Properties, Silicon on Insulator, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon, Metal-Silicate, Pulp and Papermaking, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Pulp and Paper Industry, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Silica Extraction From Rise Husk, Alkaline sulphite and Anthraquinone pulping of water hyacinth, Technology of pulp and paper, Silicon Solar Cell, Silica Fume, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Tech Cluster Theory/Practice (Silicon Valley & Imitators) Flows, Utilization of cementitious industrial waste products (slag, fly ash, silica fume) and natural pozzolans, Sodium Silicate, and black liquor (Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Pulping, pulp and paper Technology, Crystalline silicon solar cells, Porous Silicon, Porous Silica, Silicon Carbide, Mesoporous Silica Modification, Silica, Silicon Nanowires, Silica Nanoparticles, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, Kraft Pulping and Bleaching of Pulp, White and Black Liquor Properties, Silicon on Insulator, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon, Metal-Silicate, Pulp and Papermaking, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Pulp and Paper Industry, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Silica Extraction From Rise Husk, Alkaline sulphite and Anthraquinone pulping of water hyacinth, Technology of pulp and paper, Silicon Solar Cell, Silica Fume, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Tech Cluster Theory/Practice (Silicon Valley & Imitators) Flows, Utilization of cementitious industrial waste products (slag, fly ash, silica fume) and natural pozzolans, Sodium Silicate, and black liquor )
(Pulp and Paper + Recycled Paper, Pulping, pulp and paper Technology, Crystalline silicon solar cells, Porous Silicon, Porous Silica, Silicon Carbide, Mesoporous Silica Modification, Silica, Silicon Nanowires, Silica Nanoparticles, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Chemistry, Kraft Pulping and Bleaching of Pulp, White and Black Liquor Properties, Silicon on Insulator, Fibre Science and Technology, Pulp and Paper, Composite material etc., Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon, Metal-Silicate, Pulp and Papermaking, Pulp and Papermaking technology, Pulp and Paper Industry, Recycling and Reuse of pulp and paper waste, Silica Extraction From Rise Husk, Alkaline sulphite and Anthraquinone pulping of water hyacinth, Technology of pulp and paper, Silicon Solar Cell, Silica Fume, Fundamental Knowledge In Pulp and Paper, Tech Cluster Theory/Practice (Silicon Valley & Imitators) Flows, Utilization of cementitious industrial waste products (slag, fly ash, silica fume) and natural pozzolans, Sodium Silicate, and black liquor )
The present work aims at introducing eggshell waste for the major types of pulp used in paper industry. It creates new use for eggshell (an important food industry byproduct). This promotes the sustainability of both food and paper... more
The present work aims at introducing eggshell waste for the major types of pulp used in paper industry. It creates new use for eggshell (an important food industry byproduct). This promotes the sustainability of both food and paper industries. A major industrial crop waste was chosen as a model to uncover the potential of eggshell waste for paper production; namely bagasse. It is well established in paper industry to add inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate to improve paper properties. Eggshell is mainly composed of calcium carbonate. Moreover, eggshell contains small amounts of proteins and carbohydrates. Proteins and carbohydrates have recently been proven to improve mechanical strength proper-ties of paper while increasing retention of inorganic fillers. These facts motivated the authors of the present work to introduce eggshell for paper industry. Paper composites produced, in the present work, involving eggshell, show that eggshell succeeds to improve optical properties of paper while minimizing the deterioration of mechanical properties of paper, which normally occurs due to adding inorganic fillers. This is interpreted by the synergic effect produced from presence of calcium carbonate, proteins, and carbohydrates in eggshells. Calcium carbonate improved optical properties while proteins and carbohydrates counteracted the deterioration in mechanical properties. Thus, eggshell shows potential promise for application in paper industry.
Cellulose is a naturally occurring organic polymer. The chemical functionalization of cellulose is conducted to adjust its properties for different purposes. In the present study, cellulose was extracted from bagasse, derivatized to... more
Cellulose is a naturally occurring organic polymer. The chemical functionalization of cellulose is conducted to adjust its properties for different purposes. In the present study, cellulose was extracted from bagasse, derivatized to acetate, and chemically modified again to prepare tosylated cellulose acetate. The prepared cellulose derivatives were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Tosyl cellulose acetate was evaluated as a potential carrier for the controlled release of pH-sensitive drugs. The release was investigated as a function of pH and time at various pH values. The results find their use in controlled release applications.
Research Interests: Pharmacology, Targeted Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Drug delivery, Drug development, and 10 moreDrug Delivery System, Pharmaceutics, Controlled Drug Release, Novel drug delivery systems, Drug Stability, Controlled Release Drug Delivery, Prodrugs, Sustain Release Drug Delevery, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Sustained Drug Release, Controlled Release of Drugs, and Drug Release
Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most abundant renewable resources that can be processed by chemical reactions for the production of value-added products. In the current study, cellulose and methyl cellulose were synthesized from... more
Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most abundant renewable resources that can be processed by chemical reactions for the production of value-added products. In the current study, cellulose and methyl cellulose were synthesized from bleached bagasse pulp and were further modified to cellulose derivatives. Cellulose was first extracted from bagasse by acid–alkali pulping process and was derivatized to prepare methyl cellulose. The products were further chemically modified to tosylated methyl cellulose and trimethylsilylated methyl cellulose. The resulting products were investigated by FT-IR and SEM. Cellulose and all derivatives prepared were evaluated as potential pH-sensitive carrier matrices. The effectiveness as carrier was investigated as function of pH and time in various pH solutions, namely 2.0, 3.5 and 5.0. It was indicated that the type of the modified cellulose plays a role in the obtained results. The present work can be considered as a basic line for drug loading and releasing field.
Research Interests: Pharmacology, Targeted Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Drug delivery, Drug development, and 11 moreDrug Delivery System, Pharmaceutics, Controlled Drug Release, Novel drug delivery systems, Drug Stability, Controlled Release Drug Delivery, Prodrugs, Drug Delivery Systems, Sustain Release Drug Delevery, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Sustained Drug Release, Controlled Release of Drugs, and Drug Release(Drug Delivery System, Pharmaceutics, Controlled Drug Release, Novel drug delivery systems, Drug Stability, Controlled Release Drug Delivery, Prodrugs, Drug Delivery Systems, Sustain Release Drug Delevery, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Sustained Drug Release, Controlled Release of Drugs, and Drug Release)
(Drug Delivery System, Pharmaceutics, Controlled Drug Release, Novel drug delivery systems, Drug Stability, Controlled Release Drug Delivery, Prodrugs, Drug Delivery Systems, Sustain Release Drug Delevery, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Sustained Drug Release, Controlled Release of Drugs, and Drug Release)
To adjust the properties of the macromolecular structure of cellulose, chemical modification can take place to find different applications. In the current study, cellulose was extracted from bagasse, where it was derivatized to... more
To adjust the properties of the macromolecular structure of cellulose, chemical modification can take place to find different applications. In the current study, cellulose was extracted from bagasse, where it was derivatized to carboxymethyl cellulose, and carbanilated cellulose. These two cellulose derivatives were further chemically modified in homogenous system by tosyl and trimethylsilylation to synthesize cellulose macromolecular derivatives, namely tosylcellulose derivatives and trimethylsilylcellulose derivatives. The compositional microstructure of the synthesized cellulose derivatives was investigated by 1 HNMR analysis, FT-IR and SEM. This study demonstrated that cellulose, cellulose derivatives and both tosyl and trimethylsilyl cellulose derivatives formed under homogeneous conditions can be evaluated as potential carriers for controlled release of anti-acid drugs. The release was investigated as a function of pH and time in various pH solutions, namely 2.0, 3.5 and 5.0. The results indicated that the release is controlled by the type of the modified cellulose and thus it was concluded that modification is important for the use in slow drug release.
Research Interests: Pharmacology, Targeted Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Drug delivery, Drug development, and 11 moreDrug Delivery System, Pharmaceutics, Controlled Drug Release, Novel drug delivery systems, Drug Stability, Controlled Release Drug Delivery, Prodrugs, Drug Delivery Systems, Sustain Release Drug Delevery, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Sustained Drug Release, Controlled Release of Drugs, and Drug Release(Drug Delivery System, Pharmaceutics, Controlled Drug Release, Novel drug delivery systems, Drug Stability, Controlled Release Drug Delivery, Prodrugs, Drug Delivery Systems, Sustain Release Drug Delevery, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Sustained Drug Release, Controlled Release of Drugs, and Drug Release)
(Drug Delivery System, Pharmaceutics, Controlled Drug Release, Novel drug delivery systems, Drug Stability, Controlled Release Drug Delivery, Prodrugs, Drug Delivery Systems, Sustain Release Drug Delevery, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Sustained Drug Release, Controlled Release of Drugs, and Drug Release)