SOUNDPROOFING SOLUTIONS - TECHNICAL MANUAL - 2023 by Rothoblaas

SOUNDPROOFING SOLUTIONS TECHNICAL MANUAL

• XYLOFON • PIANO • ALADIN • SILENT FLOOR PUR • SILENT FLOOR PE • SILENT WALL BYTUM • SILENT WALL BYTUM SA

CONTENTS XYLOFON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 PIANO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 ALADIN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 SILENT FLOOR PUR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 SILENT FLOOR PE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 SILENT WALL BYTUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 SILENT WALL BYTUM SA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

XYLOFON

TECHNICAL MANUAL

CONTENTS PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF Kij . . . . . . . . . . . 10 EUROPEAN TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT (ETA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

XYLOFON 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 XYLOFON 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 XYLOFON 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 XYLOFON 70. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 XYLOFON 80. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 XYLOFON 90. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

SUSTAINABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 THE CEN MODEL (EN ISO 12354). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 DETERMINING THE VIBRATION REDUCTION INDEX Kij IN TIMBER STRUCTURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 FLANKSOUND PROJECT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 SOUND REDUCTION INDEX AND IMPACT SOUND LEVEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 ON SITE MEASUREMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 ACOUSTIC AND MECHANICAL INTERACTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 SHEAR AND TENSILE STRENGTH OF NINO AND TITAN SILENT CERTIFIED IN ETA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 MECHANICAL INTERACTION AND FRICTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 INFLUENCE OF MECHANICAL FASTENING USING STAPLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 FIRE SAFETY IN MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 XYLOFON AND FIRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

CONTENTS | XYLOFON | 5

FLANKSOUND

XYLOFON

LCA

HIGH PERFORMANCE RESILIENT SOUNDPROOFING PROFILE

CODES AND DIMENSIONS CODE XYL20050 XYL20080 XYL20090 XYL20100 XYL20120 XYL20140 XYL20160 XYL35080 XYL35090 XYL35100 XYL35120 XYL35140 XYL35160 XYL50080 XYL50090 XYL50100 XYL50120 XYL50140 XYL50160 XYL70080 XYL70090 XYL70100 XYL70120 XYL70140 XYL70160 XYL80080 XYL80090 XYL80100 XYL80120 XYL80140 XYL80160 XYL90080 XYL90090 XYL90100 XYL90120 XYL90140 XYL90160

Shore

[mm]

[m]

[mm]

[in]

[ft]

[in]

50 80 90 100 120 140 160 80 90 100 120 140 160 80 90 100 120 140 160 80 90 100 120 140 160 80 90 100 120 140 160 80 90 100 120 140 160

3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66

6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0

2 3 1/8 3 1/2 4 4 3/4 5 1/2 6 1/4 3 1/8 3 1/2 4 4 3/4 5 1/2 6 1/4 3 1/8 3 1/2 4 4 3/4 5 1/2 6 1/4 3 1/8 3 1/2 4 4 3/4 5 1/2 6 1/4 3 1/8 3 1/2 4 4 3/4 5 1/2 6 1/4 3 1/8 3 1/2 4 4 3/4 5 1/2 6 1/4

12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4

pcs 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

SEPARATING PROFILE FOR TITAN AND NINO CODE XYL3570200 XYL35120240 XYL35100200 XYL3580105 XYL3555150 XYL35120105

pcs TTF200 TTN240 - TTS240 TCF200 - TCN200 NINO100100 NINO15080 NINO100200

10 10 10 10 10 10

SEPARATING PROFILE FOR WHT AND SCREWS CODE

pcs

XYLW806060 XYLW808080 XYLW8080140

WHT340 | WHT440 | WHT540 -

10 10 1

XYLW803811

6 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

EPD

EN ISO 10848

ETA-23/0061

Kij values entered in ETA from page 8

Kij tested for all hardness values and with appropriate fastening system

Δl,ij > 7 dB Mechanical performance and elastic behaviour tested according to ETA page 10

• elastic response of the profile applied in buildings • elastic response of the profile as vibration damping

EPD

LCA

Sustainability possibility of knowing the impact of the product thanks to EPDs evaluated from LCA s

page 12

Sound reduction measurements measured effectiveness in reducing flanking sound transmission through soundproofing power measures ΔRDf+Ff,situ = 10 dB

page 44

FLANKSOUND PROJECT page 48

Kij for 15 different types of joint

Impact noise level measurements measured effectiveness in reducing flanking sound transmission through impact sound measures ΔLn,Df+Ff,situ = 8 dB

page 61

On site measurements effectiveness verified through the measurement of passive acoustic requirements in constructed buildings

page 71

Static to acoustic interaction experimental investigations and tests on different configurations up to 34,6 kN shear strength with NINO with XYLOFON PLATE

Influence of friction

page 86

page 90

experimental investigations for timber-to-timber shear connections

Fire safety in buildings Study of compartmentalisation of timber buildings temperatures below 300°C after 4 hours and without secondary flashover after 3 hours

page 92

XYLOFON + FIRE SEALING

Fire resistance experimental test EI 60

page 95

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 7

PRODUCT COMPARISON thickness

acoustic improvement Δl,ij(1)

elastic modulus in compression Ec

XYLOFON 20

6 mm 1/4 in

> 7 dB

1,45 N/mm2 210 psi

XYLOFON 35

6 mm 1/4 in

7,4 dB

3,22 N/mm2 467 psi

XYLOFON 50

6 mm 1/4 in

10,6 dB

7,11 N/mm2 1031 psi

XYLOFON 70

6 mm 1/4 in

7,8 dB

14,18 N/mm2 2057 psi

XYLOFON 80

6 mm 1/4 in

> 7 dB

25,39 N/mm2 3683 psi

XYLOFON 90

6 mm 1/4 in

> 7 dB

36,56 N/mm2 5303 psi

products

LEGEND: load for acoustic optimisation compression at 3 mm deformation (ultimate limit state)

8 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

dynamic elastic modulus E’5Hz - E’50Hz

damping factor tanδ5Hz - tanδ50Hz

acoustic load / maximum applied load 0

acoustic load [N/mm2]

0,016 -

0,14 maximum applied load [N/mm2]

0,016

1,25

acoustic load [N/mm2]

0,038 3,10 N/mm2 - 3,60 N/mm2 450 psi - 522 psi

0,32

0,321 - 0,382 maximum applied load [N/mm2]

0,038

3,61

acoustic load [N/mm2]

0,22 3,93 N/mm2 - 4,36 N/mm2 570 psi - 632 psi

0,173 - 0,225

0,68 maximum applied load [N/mm2]

0,22

8,59

acoustic load [N/mm2]

0,49 6,44 N/mm2 - 7,87 N/mm2 934 psi - 1141 psi

1,5

0,118 - 0,282 maximum applied load [N/mm2]

0,49

11,1

acoustic load [N/mm2]

1,3 16,90 N/mm2 - 21,81 N/mm2 2451 psi - 3163 psi

0,150 - 0,185

2,4

maximum applied load [N/mm2]

1,3

19,51

acoustic load [N/mm2]

2,2 39,89 N/mm2 - 65,72 N/mm2 5786 psi - 9532 psi

(1) Δ

0,307 - 0,453

4,5

maximum applied load [N/mm2]

2,2

28,97

l,ij = Kij,with - Kij,without.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 9

PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF Kij DESIGNING THE CORRECT PROFILE ACCORDING TO THE LOAD Resilient profiles must be correctly loaded in order to isolate the low to medium frequencies of structurally transmitted vibrations: guidance on how to proceed with the evaluation of the product are given below. It is advisable to add the permanent load value at 50% of the characteristic value of the accidental load.

Qlinear = qgk + 0,5 qvk Qlinear = DL + 0,5 LL

It is necessary to focus on the operating conditions and not the ultimate limit state conditions. This is because the goal is to insulate the building from noise during normal operating conditions and not during design limit states.

PRODUCT SELECTION The product can also be selected using the application tables (see for example the following table for XYLOFON 35).

To properly evaluate the product using MyProject, simply follow the step-by-step instructions provided by the software.

Note: The static behaviour of the material in compression is evaluated, considering that the deformations due to the loads are static. This is because a building is not affected by significant movement phenomena, nor dynamic deformation. Rothoblaas has chosen to define a load range that allows good acoustic performance and avoids excessive deformation and differential movements in the materials, including the building's final architectural finishes. It is possible to use profiles with loads outside the indicated range if the resonance frequency of the system and the deformation of the profile at the ultimate limit state are assessed.

10 | PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF Kij | XYLOFON

DETERMINATION OF PERFORMANCE

100

0,3

0,1

Suppose there is a load of 0,3 N/mm2 acting on the profile. In this case, we used the XYLOFON 35 product, because the load is not particularly high. Reading the graph, it can be seen that the profile has a resonance frequency of around 22 Hz.

natural frequency [Hz]

0,01

Once the loads have been identified, it is necessary to determine the design frequency - that is the stimulating frequency for the element from which the structure needs to be isolated. Below is an example, to make the explanation easier and simple to understand.

load [N/mm2]

The graph is used by placing the calculated value of 4.55 on the x-axis and intersecting the attenuation curve. It follows that the material's attenuation is optimal, i.e., the material can isolate more than 92 % of the transmission.

100 92 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

100

4,55

100

attenuation = f/f0 = 4,55

f / f0

attenuation [%]

The same thing can be done using the attenuation graph. The percentage of vibration attenuated at the initial design frequency is obtained. The attenuation is also calculated with the load conditions referring to the design frequency of 100 Hz.

TRANSMISSION IS POSITIVE WHEN THE MATERIAL TRANSMITS AND IS NEGATIVE WHEN THE PROFILE BEGINS TO INSULATE. This means this figure shows that the product, loaded in this way, insulates 11 dB at a reference frequency of 100 Hz.

-11 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40

4,55

Then the transmission graph is used, placing the value 4,55 obtained on the x-axis and intersecting the degree of the transmission curve. It follows that the transmission of the material is negative i.e. that the material is able to insulate around -11 dB.

10 5 0 -5

0,1

transmission = f/f0 = 4,55

transmission [dB]

At this point, the degree of transmission for the product under these load conditions can be calculated, referring to the design frequency of 100 Hz.

f / f0

Essentially, the same result is obtained with two different inputs, but when deformation is set, the starting point is the mechanical performance, not the acoustic one. In the light of this fact, Rothoblaas always recommends starting with the design frequency and the loads to optimise the material based on the real conditions.

XYLOFON | PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF Kij | 11

EUROPEAN TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT (ETA) The European Technical Assessment (ETA) provides an independent procedure at European level for assessing the essential performance characteristics of non-standard construction products.

OBJECTIVITY AND INDEPENDENCE Only independent Technical Assessment Bodies (TAB) can issue ETAs. Third-party evaluation enhances the credibility of product performance information, improves market transparency, and ensures that the stated values are tested to precise standards appropriate for the intended use of the product.

TRANSPARENCY ETAs provide reliable product performance information that can be compared across Europe on the basis of harmonised technical specifications, the European Assessment Documents (EADs). ETAs have made construction products comparable throughout the European Economic Area through the provision of detailed product performance information.

PARAMETERS TESTED ACCORDING TO ETA STATIC AND DYNAMIC MODULUS OF ELASTICITY Many products on the market have been tested to determine the dynamic elastic modulus and damping factor in order to provide transmissibility graphs according to the natural frequency of the resilient profile. Since there is no common standard, each manufacturer follows a different procedure, and often the standard used and the test setup are not stated.

Considering the intended use of XYLOFON, the dynamic elastic modulus and damping factor must be determined in compression (there would be no point in defining them according to other deformation methods). Dynamic elastic modulus and damping factor are measured under dynamic conditions and are relevant for vibration reduction in service equipment or other vibration sources.

In buildings, XYLOFON is subject to static and quasi-static loading, so the dynamic elastic modulus is not as representative of the product's actual behaviour. Tests show that profile friction could affect the elastic modulus value, and that is why it is necessary to always perform measurements with and without a lubricant to have a value that is independent of boundary conditions (without friction) and a value that is representative of the in situ operating conditions (with friction).

12 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

VIBRATION REDUCTION INDEX - Kij Due to the lack of a common standard, each manufacturer provides Kij values tested in a different configuration (type of joint, number of fastening systems, etc.). Clarifying the test setup and boundary conditions being used is important because the result is strongly influenced by the many variables that define the joint.

Fd Df

In the European Technical Assessment, the results are expressed clearly to avoid ambiguity in the configuration.

STRESS AND DEFORMATION IN COMPRESSION XYLOFON has been tested under significant compressive stresses, demonstrating linear behaviour even under high loads. From a static point of view, it is important to provide the compressive stress according to the deformation (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm compression) so as to limit the maximum deformation and possible structural failure. Resilient profiles are subjected to constant loading during their working life, so it is important to estimate the long-term behaviour for both static reasons (to avoid differential failure in the structure) and acoustic reasons (a flattened resilient strip does not have the same elastic response and consequently the acoustic performance declines).

For the same reason, it is important to assess the final thickness of the product after compression for a given time and after a recovery period.

Rothoblaas has invested in the development of solutions that follow a multidisciplinary approach and take into account the real conditions of the construction site. Laboratory measurements, static tests, durability tests, moisture control and fire performance studies allow the designer to benefit from real performance data and not just theoretical values that have limited practical applications.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 13

LCA

EPD

SUSTAINABILITY

EPD

LCA

Environmental sustainability is an increasingly central issue in the construction sector and it has been taken into account in our company for a long time. Although timber construction is in many respects more sustainable than other building systems, an assessment of the impacts linked to the entire life cycle of the products is still necessary in order to make an objective comparison between different building systems. A suitable tool for this is the EPD (Environmental Product Declaration). This is a type III environmental declaration in accordance with EN ISO 14025 which, based on specific parameters, makes it possible to produce a technical document to use in order to make an objective comparison of the environmental impact of various products. The EPD is a declaration based on LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) for which the study of all aspects related to the production, use and disposal of the product is required.

Enviromental Product Declaration

EPD

MANUFACTORY

EPD [EN 15804] according to EN 15804 to be recognised at European level

LCA

PRODUCT the production, transport, use and disposal phases are analysed

DISTRIBUTION

RESOURCE

validation certificate [EN ISO 14025 ] END OF LIFE

USE

EPD

LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT [EN ISO 14044 ]

publication EPD

This is a voluntary initiative, not obligatory by law, which we have decided to implement to know the environmental impact of our products, and to allow the designer to have an accurate idea of the ecological footprint of the building he or she is designing.

We strongly believe in a future with less CO2

XYLOFON 20 CODES AND DIMENSIONS CODE XYL20050 XYL20080 XYL20090 XYL20100 XYL20120 XYL20140 XYL20160

Shore

[mm]

[m]

[mm]

[in]

[ft]

[in]

50 80 90 100 120 140 160

3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66 3,66

6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0

2 3 1/8 3 1/2 4 4 3/4 5 1/2 6 1/4

12 12 12 12 12 12 12

1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4

pcs 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

NEW PRODUCT

TABLE OF USE(1) CODE XYL20050 XYL20080 XYL20090 XYL20100 XYL20120 XYL20140 XYL20160

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m] [lbf/ft] min max 0,7 590 8 5163 1,12 944 12,8 8261 1,26 1062 14,4 9293 1,4 1180 16 10326 1,68 1416 19,2 12391 1,96 1652 22,4 14456 2,24 1888 25,6 16521

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] [psi] min max

0,016 2.32

0,14 20.3

reduction [mm] [mil] min

max

0,06 2

0,6 24

compressive stress at 3 mm (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2] [psi]

1,25 181

(1) The load ranges reported are optimised with respect to the static behaviour of the material assessed under compression, considering the effect of friction and the

system resonance frequency, which falls between 20 and 30 Hz, with a maximum deformation of 12%. See the manual or use MyProject to view transmissibility and attenuation graphs. (2)Resilient profiles must be properly loaded in order to isolate medium/low frequency vibrations transmitted structurally. It is advisable to assess the load according to the operating conditions because the building must be acoustically insulated under everyday load conditions (add the value of the permanent load to 50% of the characteristic value of the incidental load Q linear = qgk + 0.5 qvk).

LIGHTNESS AND HEIGHT XYLOFON 20 is the range innovation for light structures and low loads. The acoustic insulation performance is the same as for Mass Timber products, but the 20 shore polyurethane compound allows for use on frame structures, roofs and floors with small dimensions. In the construction of multi-storey buildings, the use of XYLOFON 20 ensures soundproofing of the highest floors.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : > 7 dB Maximum applied load (3 mm deformation):

1,25 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 0,014 to 0,16 N/mm2 XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 15

XYLOFON 35 TABLE OF USE(1) CODE XYL35080 XYL35090 XYL35100 XYL35120 XYL35140 XYL35160

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m] [lbf/ft] min max 3,04 2242 25,6 18882 3,42 2522 28,8 21242 3,8 2803 32 23602 4,56 3363 38,4 28322 5,32 3924 44,8 33043 6,08 4484 51,2 37763

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] [psi] min max

0,038 5.5

0,32 46.4

reduction [mm] [mil] min

max

0,05 2

0,5 20

compressive stress at 3 mm (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2] [psi]

3,61 524

(1) The load ranges reported here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression. However, it is possible to use profiles

with loads outside the indicated range if the resonance frequency of the system and the deformation of the profile at the ultimate limit state are assessed. See the manual for transmissibility and attenuation graphs. (2)Resilient profiles must be properly loaded in order to isolate medium/low frequency vibrations transmitted structurally. It is advisable to assess the load according to the operating conditions because the building must be acoustically insulated under everyday load conditions (add the value of the permanent load to 50% of the characteristic value of the incidental load Q linear = qgk + 0.5 qvk).

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

USC conversion

Acoustic improvement Δlij(3)

ISO 10848

7,4 dB

Elastic modulus in compression Ec (without friction Ec,lubricant) ISO 844

3,22 MPa (1,74 MPa)

467 psi (252 psi)

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 1 Hz E'1Hz - E"1Hz

ISO 4664-1

2,79 - 0,77 MPa

405 - 112 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 5 Hz E'5Hz - E"5Hz

ISO 4664-1

3,10 - 1,00 MPa

450 psi - 145 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 10 Hz E'10Hz - E"10Hz

ISO 4664-1

3,28 - 1,09 MPa

476 - 158 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 50 Hz E'50Hz - E"50Hz

ISO 4664-1

3,60 - 1,38 MPa

522 - 200 psi

Damping factor evaluated at 1 Hz tanδ1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,276

Damping factor evaluated at 5 Hz tanδ5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,321

Damping factor evaluated at 10 Hz tanδ10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,332

Damping factor evaluated at 50 Hz tanδ50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,382

Creep Δε/ε1

ISO 8013/ ISO 16534

0,54

Compression set c.s.

ISO 1856

0,72%

Compression at 1 mm deformation σ 1mm

ISO 844

0,5 N/mm2

73 psi

Compressive stress at 2 mm strain σ 2mm

ISO 844

1,54 N/mm2

223 psi

Compressive stress at 3 mm strain σ3mm

ISO 844

3,61 N/mm2

524 psi

ISO 9052

1262 MN/m3

Dynamic stiffness s’(4) Max processing temperature (TGA)

200 °C

392 °F

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Water absorption after 48h

ISO 62

<1%

(3)Δ

l,ij = Kij,with - Kij,without.

(4)ISO standards require for measurement with loads between 0.4 and 4 kPa and not with the product operating load.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : 7,4 dB Maximum applied load (3 mm deformation):

3,61 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 0,038 to 0,32 N/mm2 16 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

STRESS | DEFORMATION

CREEP

Stress [MPa]

Relative deformation [% reduction in sample thickness]

COMPRESSION

0,9

16,0

0,8

14,0

0,7

12,0

0,6 0,5

10,0

0,4

8,0

0,3

6,0

0,2

4,0

0,1

2,0

30 Deformation [%]

20.000

40.000

DYNAMIC ELASTIC MODULUS E'

TAN δ UNDER STRESS

E’ [MPa]

Loss factor

DMTA

60.000

80.000 Load period [h]

DMTA

0,5

2,0

0,4 1,5 0,3

1,0 0,2 0,5

0,1

80 Temperature [°C]

DYNAMIC ELASTIC MODULUS G'

TAN δ SHEAR

G’ [MPa]

Loss factor

DMTA

80 Temperature [°C]

DMTA

1,2

0,5

1,0

0,4

0,8

0,3

0,6

0,2 0,4 0,1

0,2

1,0 Hz/MPa

5,0 Hz/MPa

80 Temperature [°C]

10,0 Hz/MPa

20,0 Hz/MPa

33,3 Hz/MPa

50,0 Hz/MPa

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 17

STATIC LOAD (buildings)

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

1 10

0,01

100

0,1

100

0,1

d (%) Deformation [%]

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,01

Load [N/mm2]

(N/mm2)

(N/mm )

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

d (%) Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

18 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

100

f (Hz)

f / f0

DYNAMIC LOAD

5 Hz

(machines and vibration)

100

1 10

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 5 Hz.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 19

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2400

STRUCTURE upper wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (2,4 m x 3 m - 7.8 ft x 10 ft) floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (2,4 m x 3,5 m - 7.8 ft x 11 ft) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (2,4 m x 3 m - 7.8 ft x 10 ft)

3000 4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm (17 1/4 in) 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150) , 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm (69 5/16 in) fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws Ø5 x 50 mm RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the upper wall and the floor + between the floor and the lower wall. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 2,40 m (7.8 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: structure self weight

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

12,5

19,6

10,5

13,7

14,8

16,7

19,0

17,6

16,7

18,5

21,3

22,8

23,2

18,8

19,8

20,5

K14 = 17,9 dB

Δl,14 = 3,5 dB

K14,0 = 14,4 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

18,2

21,3

12,3

15,3

17,3

17,6

20,7

20,1

23,6

22,3

23,2

24,0

24,3

22,0

24,1

20,3

K12 = 20,3 dB

Δl,12 = 5,7 dB

K12,0 = 14,6 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

11,8

25,9

16,1

23,5

21,1

25,4

23,9

23,6

26,2

27,5

32,6

34,1

33,2

35,0

34,7

32,0

K24 = 26,8 dB 20 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

K24,0 = 20,4 dB

Δl,24 = 6,4 dB

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2400

3000 4 1

3000 2

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

21,0

20,1

16,1

19,9

17,5

21,4

24,4

17,7

20,9

17,6

17,9

19,2

20,7

18,2

18,5

21,7

K14 = 19,4 dB

Δl,14 = 6,1 dB

K14,0 = 13,3 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

21,7

24,6

17,2

20,0

21,1

20,5

20,0

20,9

21,8

22,6

20,7

22,4

27,0

21,8

22,3

27,4

K12 = 21,6 dB

Δl,12 = 7,1 dB

K12,0 = 14,5 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

18,9

29,2

23,3

22,6

24,2

22,5

22,0

20,2

22,6

22,0

24,7

25,8

32,0

29,9

28,5

29,6

K24 = 24,7 dB

K24,0 = 17,3 dB

Δl,24 = 7,4 dB XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 21

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

XYLOFON 1.1 0

0 24

3000

4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm (17 1/4 in) 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150) , 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm (69 5/16 in) fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws Ø5 x 50 mm RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the upper wall and the floor dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 2,40 m (7.8 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: 210000 XYLOFON 1.2 100

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

20,9

19,3

20,5

20,4

16,4

21,4

26,2

19,1

21,6

17,7

18,9

21,6

20,1

17,7

18,3

20,1

K14 = 20,1 dB

Δl,14 = 6,8 dB

K14,0 = 13,3 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

20,1

18,3

12,5

10,2

13,3

10,6

13,9

10,7

14,6

11,1

9,6

13,2

17,3

14,8

17,9

21,1

K12 = 13,1 dB

Δl,12 = -1,4 dB

K12,0 = 14,5 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

20,4

25,7

23,2

20,7

22,1

24,3

24,6

20,5

22,5

20,9

22,2

23,9

27,5

27,8

28,3

28,1

K24 = 23,5 dB 22 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

K24,0 = 17,3 dB

Δl,24 = 6,2 dB

X-JOINT | INTERNAL WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

XYLOFON 2.1 2400 3000

STRUCTURE upper wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (2,4 m x 3 m - 7.8 ft x 10 ft) floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (2,4 m x 7,1 m - 7.8 ft x 23.3 ft) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (2,4 m x 3 m - 7.8 ft x 10 ft)

4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm (17 1/4 in) 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150) , 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm (69 5/16 in) fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws Ø5 x 50 mm RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the upper wall and the floor + between the floor and the lower wall dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 2,40 m (7.8 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: structure self weight XYLOFON 2.2 100

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

19,5

21,5

19,6

17,0

17,5

14,7

19,1

21,0

20,8

19,3

22,2

23,2

22,6

20,4

19,8

19,9

K14 = 19,9 dB

Δl,14 = 2,9 dB

K14,0 = 17,0 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

16,7

15,6

12,0

17,4

17,7

16,1

21,0

20,2

23,1

19,1

23,4

22,4

24,2

23,9

24,7

24,0

K12 = 19,7 dB

Δl,12 = 3,8 dB

K12,0 = 15,9 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

17,1

26,2

25,2

26,9

23,2

25,9

28,2

24,6

26,6

30,2

32,2

33,5

31,4

37,0

36,3

32,8

K24 = 28,6 dB

K24,0 = 23,2 dB

Δl,24 = 5,4 dB XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 23

XYLOFON 50 TABLE OF USE(1) CODE XYL50080 XYL50090 XYL50100 XYL50120 XYL50140 XYL50160

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m] [lbf/ft] min max 17,6 12981 54,4 40123 19,8 14604 61,2 45139 22 16226 68 50154 26,4 19472 81.6 60185 30,8 22717 95,2 70216 35,2 25962 108,8 80247

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] [psi] min max

0,22 31.9

0,68 98.6

reduction [mm] [mil] min

max

0,07 3

0,6 24

compressive stress at 3 mm (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2] [psi]

8,59 1246

(1) The load ranges reported here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression. However, it is possible to use profiles

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

USC conversion

Acoustic improvement Δlij(3)

ISO 10848

10,6 dB

Elastic modulus in compression Ec (without friction Ec,lubricant) ISO 844

7,11 MPa (2,89 MPa)

1031 psi (419 psi)

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 1 Hz E'1Hz - E"1Hz

ISO 4664-1

4,64 - 0,55 MPa

673 - 80 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 5 Hz E'5Hz - E"5Hz

ISO 4664-1

3,93 - 0,68 MPa

570 psi - 99 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 10 Hz E'10Hz - E"10Hz

ISO 4664-1

4,09 - 0,73 MPa

593 - 106 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 50 Hz E'50Hz - E"50Hz

ISO 4664-1

4,36 - 0,98 MPa

632 - 142 psi

Damping factor evaluated at 1 Hz tanδ1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,153

Damping factor evaluated at 5 Hz tanδ5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,173

Damping factor evaluated at 10 Hz tanδ10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,178

Damping factor evaluated at 50 Hz tanδ50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,225

Creep Δε/ε1

ISO 8013/ ISO 16534

0,53

Compression set c.s.

ISO 1856

1,25%

Compression at 1 mm deformation σ 1mm

ISO 844

1,11 N/mm2

161 psi

Compression at 2 mm deformation σ 2mm

ISO 844

3,50 N/mm2

508 psi

Compression at 3 mm deformation σ3mm

ISO 844

8,59 N/mm2

1246 psi

Dynamic stiffness s’(4)

ISO 9052

1455 MN/m3

Max processing temperature (TGA)

200 °C

392 °F

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Water absorption after 48h

ISO 62

<1%

(3)Δ = K l,ij ij,with - Kij,without. (4)ISO standards require for measurement with loads between 0.4 and 4 kPa and not with the product operating load.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : 10,6 dB Maximum applied load (3 mm deformation):

8,59 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 0,22 to 0,68 N/mm2 24 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

STRESS | DEFORMATION

CREEP

Stress [MPa]

Relative deformation [% reduction in sample thickness]

COMPRESSION

1,8

16,0

1,6

14,0

1,4

12,0

1,2 1,0

10,0

0,8

8,0

0,6

6,0

0,4

4,0

0,2

2,0

30 Deformation [%]

20.000

40.000

DYNAMIC ELASTIC MODULUS E'

TAN δ UNDER STRESS

E’ [MPa]

Loss factor

DMTA

60.000

80.000 Load period [h]

DMTA

3,5

0,10

3,0 0,08

2,5

2,0

0,06

1,5

0,04

1,0 0,02

0,5

80 Temperature [°C]

DYNAMIC ELASTIC MODULUS G'

TAN δ SHEAR

G’ [MPa]

Loss factor

DMTA

80 Temperature [°C]

DMTA

0,12

1,2

0,10

1,0

0,08

0,8 0,6

0,06

0,4

0,04

0,2

0,02

1,0 Hz/MPa

5,0 Hz/MPa

80 Temperature [°C]

10,0 Hz/MPa

20,0 Hz/MPa

33,3 Hz/MPa

50,0 Hz/MPa

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 25

STATIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

(buildings)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

26 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

DYNAMIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

5 Hz

(machines and vibration)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 5 Hz.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 27

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2400

3000 4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm (17 1/4 in) 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150), 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm (69 5/16 in) fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws Ø5 x 50 mm RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 50 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the upper wall and the floor + between the floor and the lower wall. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 2,40 m (7.8 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: 338000

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

17,6

17,7

20,5

21,3

18,4

21,9

24,3

16,9

20,5

21,0

18,6

19,7

21,9

16,1

16,3

20,7

K14 = 19,9 dB

Δl,14 = 6,6 dB

K14,0 = 13,3 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

22,1

19,2

15,9

21,0

20,5

21,5

24,0

21,2

19,8

23,0

23,7

23,6

26,8

23,2

24,3

28,3

K12 = 21,8 dB

Δl,12 = 7,3 dB

K12,0 = 14,5 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

18,7

26,7

26,6

31,1

24,4

27,8

26,6

25,3

22,5

27,8

28,6

33,2

28,6

33,3

34,0

31,6

K24 = 27,9 dB 28 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

K24,0 = 17,3 dB

Δl,24 = 10,6 dB

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2400

3000 4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm (17 1/4 in) 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150), 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm (69 5/16 in) fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws Ø5 x 50 mm RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 50 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the upper wall and the floor + between the floor and the lower wall. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 2,40 m (7.8 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: structure self weight

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

12,3

18,4

17,0

19,7

15,3

19,3

23,6

20,5

22,2

19,9

23,6

24,5

24,6

22,4

21,8

20,5

K14 = 20,8 dB

Δl,14 = 6,4 dB

K14,0 = 14,4 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

15,5

19,2

15,8

18,1

19,0

19,4

20,9

18,3

18,8

20,3

20,4

23,7

25,0

24,1

21,3

23,5

K12 = 20,2 dB

Δl,12 = 5,6 dB

K12,0 = 14,6 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

12,3

25,0

20,2

26,9

23,5

27,7

27,0

28,8

30,5

33,5

36,0

35,9

38,7

36,1

31,6

K24 = 29,3 dB

K24,0 = 20,4 dB

Δl,24 = 8,9 dB XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 29

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

XYLOFON 1.1 0

0 24

3000

4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm (17 1/4 in) 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150), 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm (69 5/16 in) fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws Ø5 x 50 mm RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 50 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the upper wall and the floor dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 2,40 m (7.8 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: 338000 XYLOFON 1.2 100

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

19,4

18,3

20,6

27,4

19,4

23,9

25,0

17,1

19,3

20,4

19,6

20,6

22,8

17,3

18,4

21,1

K14 = 20,9 dB

Δl,14 = 7,6 dB

K14,0 = 13,3 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

15,8

13,8

8,9

9,4

13,8

10,5

13,8

10,2

11,7

11,0

10,1

13,0

15,9

14,9

16,8

19,9

K12 = 12,1 dB

Δl,12 = -2,4 dB

K12,0 = 14,5 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

18,2

23,7

23,2

28,0

26,4

24,5

24,4

19,6

20,2

23,0

21,0

25,7

26,4

29,3

30,3

28,2

K24 = 24,3 dB 30 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

K24,0 = 17,3 dB

Δl,24 = 7 dB

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

XYLOFON 1.1 0

0 24

3000

4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm (17 1/4 in) 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150) , 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm (69 5/16 in) fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws Ø5 x 50 mm RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 50 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the upper wall and the floor dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 2,40 m (7.8 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: structure self weight XYLOFON 1.2 100

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

11,0

14,4

16,0

17,2

17,3

19,8

23,1

20,1

23,5

21,7

26,9

26,6

24,5

24,6

24,1

22,0

K14 = 21,2 dB

Δl,14 = 6,8 dB

K14,0 = 14,4 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

15,8

10,9

9,5

9,2

14,5

10,7

13,2

10,3

14,3

12,1

14,5

14,4

15,7

18,0

19,4

19,7

K12 = 12,9 dB

Δl,12 = -1,8 dB

K12,0 = 14,6 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

15,2

24,5

21,3

23,8

19,6

23,0

22,6

21,9

26,7

26,8

31,6

26,3

29,8

34,3

34,9

31,1

K24 = 25,5 dB

K24,0 = 20,4 dB

Δl,24 = 5,1 dB XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 31

XYLOFON 70 TABLE OF USE(1) CODE XYL70080 XYL70090 XYL70100 XYL70120 XYL70140 XYL70160

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m] [lbf/ft] min max 39,2 28912 120 88507 44,1 32526 135 99571 49 36141 150 110634 58,8 43369 180 132761 68.6 50597 210 154888 78,4 57825 240 177015

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] [psi] min max

0,49 71.1

1,5 218

reduction [mm] [mil] min

max

0,2 8

0,65 26

compressive stress at 3 mm (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2] [psi]

11,1 1610

(1) The load ranges reported here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression. However, it is possible to use profiles

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

USC conversion

Acoustic improvement Δlij(3)

ISO 10848

7,8 dB

Elastic modulus in compression Ec (without friction Ec,lubricant) ISO 844

14,18 MPa (7,26 MPa)

2057 psi (1053 psi)

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 1 Hz E'1Hz - E"1Hz

ISO 4664-1

6,00 - 0,47 MPa

870 - 68 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 5 Hz E'5Hz - E"5Hz

ISO 4664-1

6,44 - 0,77 MPa

934 psi - 112 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 10 Hz E'10Hz - E"10Hz

ISO 4664-1

6,87 - 1,03 MPa

996 - 149 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 50 Hz E'50Hz - E"50Hz

ISO 4664-1

7,87 - 2,22 MPa

1141 - 322 psi

Damping factor evaluated at 1 Hz tanδ1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,077

Damping factor evaluated at 5 Hz tanδ5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,118

Damping factor evaluated at 10 Hz tanδ10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,148

Damping factor evaluated at 50 Hz tanδ50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,282

Creep Δε/ε1

ISO 8013/ ISO 16534

2,9

Compression set c.s.

ISO 1856

0,71%

Compression at 1 mm deformation σ 1mm

ISO 844

2,44 N/mm2

354 psi

Compression at 2 mm deformation σ 2mm

ISO 844

5,43 N/mm2

788 psi

Compression at 3 mm deformation σ3mm

ISO 844

11,10 N/mm2

1610 psi

Dynamic stiffness s’(4)

ISO 9052

1822 MN/m3

Max processing temperature (TGA)

200 °C

392 °F

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Water absorption after 48h

ISO 62

<1%

(3)Δ

l,ij = Kij,with - Kij,without.

(4)ISO standards require for measurement with loads between 0.4 and 4 kPa and not with the product operating load.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : 7,8 dB Maximum applied load (3 mm deformation):

11,1 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 0,49 to 1,5 N/mm2 32 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

STRESS | DEFORMATION

CREEP

Stress [MPa]

Relative deformation [% reduction in sample thickness]

COMPRESSION

6,0

16,0 14,0

5,0

12,0

4,0

10,0

3,0

8,0

2,0

6,0

4,0 1,0

2,0

30 Deformation [%]

20.000

40.000

DYNAMIC ELASTIC MODULUS E'

TAN δ UNDER STRESS

E’ [MPa]

Loss factor

DMTA

60.000

80.000 Load period [h]

DMTA

0,16

10,0

0,14

8,0

0,12 0,10

6,0

0,08 4,0

0,06

0,04 2,0 0,02

80 Temperature [°C]

DYNAMIC ELASTIC MODULUS G'

TAN δ SHEAR

G’ [MPa]

Loss factor

DMTA

80 Temperature [°C]

DMTA

0,18

3,5

0,16 3,0

0,14

2,5

0,12

2,0

0,10

0,08 1,5

0,06

1,0

0,04

0,5

0,02

1,0 Hz/MPa

5,0 Hz/MPa

80 Temperature [°C]

10,0 Hz/MPa

20,0 Hz/MPa

33,3 Hz/MPa

50,0 Hz/MPa

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 33

STATIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

(buildings)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

34 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

DYNAMIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

5 Hz

(machines and vibration)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 5 Hz.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 35

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2400

3000 4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm (17 1/4 in) 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150) , 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm (69 5/16 in) fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws Ø5 x 50 mm RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 70 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the upper wall and the floor + between the floor and the lower wall dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 2,40 m (7.8 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: 625000

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

15,1

21,7

16,7

14,0

18,0

15,9

19,6

15,5

16,8

16,5

14,7

16,8

18,0

15,6

14,4

17,8

K14 = 16,9 dB

Δl,14 = 3,6 dB

K14,0 = 13,3 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

21,1

23,8

15,4

17,4

16,0

18,2

20,6

18,4

20,4

19,8

18,3

17,8

22,8

18,8

18,4

22,3

K12 = 19,0 dB

Δl,12 = 4,5 dB

K12,0 = 14,5 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

16,1

28,4

25,6

24,8

23,3

23,9

22,3

22,5

23,1

23,4

25,2

23,7

29,1

31,5

31,2

31,1

K24 = 25,1 dB 36 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

K24,0 = 17,3 dB

Δl,24 = 7,8 dB

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

XYLOFON 1.1 0

0 24

3000

4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm (17 1/4 in) 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150) , 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm 69 5/16 in) fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws Ø5 x 50 mm RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 70 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the upper wall and the floor dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 2,40 m (7.8 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: 625000 XYLOFON 1.2 100

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

18,4

16,2

21,3

21,8

18,9

17,4

20,2

16,7

17,1

14,7

18,3

18,6

16,3

13,8

19,2

K14 = 18,0 dB

Δl,14 = 4,7 dB

K14,0 = 13,7 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

18,9

19,1

15,6

10,6

13,1

12,8

14,6

10,5

13,8

12,0

11,0

11,9

17,2

14,3

16,4

21,3

K12 = 16,6 dB

Δl,12 = -0,9 dB

K12,0 = 14,5 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

15,0

28,7

25,6

22,0

23,5

23,6

22,5

19,3

18,4

21,2

22,2

22,5

24,8

27,4

29,6

29,9

K24 = 23,2 dB

K24,0 = 17,3 dB

Δl,24 = 5,9 dB XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 37

XYLOFON 80 TABLE OF USE(1) CODE XYL80080 XYL80090 XYL80100 XYL80120 XYL80140 XYL80160

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m] [lbf/ft] min max 104 76706 192 141612 117 86295 216 159313 130 95883 240 177015 156 115060 288 212418 182 134236 336 247821 208 153413 384 283224

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] [psi] min max

1,3 189

2,4 348

reduction [mm] [mil] min

max

0,3 12

0,57 22

compressive stress at 3 mm (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2] [psi]

19,51 2830

(1) The load ranges reported here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression. However, it is possible to use profiles

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

USC conversion

Acoustic improvement Δlij(3)

ISO 10848

> 7 dB

Elastic modulus in compression Ec (without friction Ec,lubricant) ISO 844

25,39 MPa (13,18 MPa)

3683 psi (1912psi)

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 1 Hz E'1Hz - E"1Hz

ISO 4664-1

15,44 - 1,52 MPa

2239 - 220 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 5 Hz E'5Hz - E"5Hz

ISO 4664-1

16,90 - 2,54 MPa

2451 psi - 368 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 10 Hz E'10Hz - E"10Hz

ISO 4664-1

18,02 - 3,34 MPa

2614 - 484 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 50 Hz E'50Hz - E"50Hz

ISO 4664-1

21,81 - 6,88 MPa

3163 - 998 psi

Damping factor evaluated at 1 Hz tanδ1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,099

Damping factor evaluated at 5 Hz tanδ5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,15

Damping factor evaluated at 10 Hz tanδ10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,185

Damping factor evaluated at 50 Hz tanδ50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,315

Creep Δε/ε1

ISO 8013/ ISO 16534

10,3

Compression set c.s.

ISO 1856

1,31%

Compression at 1 mm deformation σ 1mm

ISO 844

3,85 N/mm2

558 psi

Compression at 2 mm deformation σ 2mm

ISO 844

9,52 N/mm2

1381 psi

Compression at 3 mm deformation σ3mm

ISO 844

19,51 N/mm2

2830 psi

Dynamic stiffness s’(4)

ISO 9052

2157 MN/m3

Max processing temperature (TGA)

200 °C

392 °F

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Water absorption after 48h

ISO 62

<1%

(3)Δ

l,ij = Kij,with - Kij,without.

(4)ISO standards require for measurement with loads between 0.4 and 4 kPa and not with the product operating load.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : > 7 dB Maximum applicable load (3 mm deformation):

19,51 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 1,3 to 2,4 N/mm2 38 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

STRESS | DEFORMATION

CREEP

Stress [MPa]

Relative deformation [% reduction in sample thickness]

COMPRESSION

8,0

16,0

7,0

14,0

6,0

12,0

5,0

10,0

4,0

8,0

3,0

6,0

2,0

4,0

1,0

2,0

30 Deformation [%]

20.000

40.000

DYNAMIC ELASTIC MODULUS E'

TAN δ UNDER STRESS

E’ [MPa]

Loss factor

DMTA

60.000

80.000 Load period [h]

DMTA

0,30

20,0

0,25 15,0

0,20 0,15

10,0

0,10 5,0 0,05

80 Temperature [°C]

DYNAMIC ELASTIC MODULUS G'

TAN δ SHEAR

G’ [MPa]

Loss factor

DMTA

80 Temperature [°C]

DMTA

0,35

8,0 7,0

0,30

6,0

0,25

5,0

0,20

4,0

0,15

3,0

0,10

2,0

0,05

1,0

1,0 Hz/MPa

5,0 Hz/MPa

80 Temperature [°C]

10,0 Hz/MPa

20,0 Hz/MPa

33,3 Hz/MPa

50,0 Hz/MPa

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 39

STATIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

(buildings)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

40 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

DYNAMIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

5 Hz

(machines and vibration)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 5 Hz.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 41

XYLOFON 90 TABLE OF USE(1) CODE XYL90080 XYL90090 XYL90100 XYL90120 XYL90140 XYL90160

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m] [lbf/ft] min max 176 129811 360 265522 198 146037 405 298713 220 162264 450 331903 264 194716 540 398283 308 227169 630 464664 352 259622 720 531045

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] [psi] min max

2,2 319

4,5 653

reduction [mm] [mil] min

max

0,3 12

0,74 29

compressive stress at 3 mm (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2] [psi]

28,97 4202

(1) The load ranges reported here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression. However, it is possible to use profiles

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

USC conversion

Acoustic improvement Δlij(3)

ISO 10848

> 7 dB

Elastic modulus in compression Ec (without friction Ec,lubricant) ISO 844

36,56 MPa (21,91 MPa)

5303 psi (3178psi)

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 1 Hz E'1Hz - E"1Hz

ISO 4664-1

32,2 - 6,9 MPa

4670 - 1001 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 5 Hz E'5Hz - E"5Hz

ISO 4664-1

39,89 - 12,23 MPa

5786 - 1774 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 10 Hz E'10Hz - E"10Hz

ISO 4664-1

45,37 - 16,04 MPa

6580 - 2326 psi

Dynamic elastic modulus evaluated at 50 Hz E'50Hz - E"50Hz

ISO 4664-1

65,72 - 29,78 MPa

9532 - 4319 psi

Damping factor evaluated at 1 Hz tanδ1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,214

Damping factor evaluated at 5 Hz tanδ5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,307

Damping factor evaluated at 10 Hz tanδ10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,354

Damping factor evaluated at 50 Hz tanδ50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,453

Creep Δε/ε1

ISO 8013/ ISO 16534

0,28

Compression set c.s.

ISO 1856

2,02%

Compression at 1 mm deformation σ 1mm

ISO 844

5,83 N/mm2

846 psi

Compression at 2 mm deformation σ 2mm

ISO 844

14,41 N/mm2

2090 psi

Compression at 3 mm deformation σ3mm

ISO 844

28,97 N/mm2

4202 psi

Dynamic stiffness s’(4)

ISO 9052

> 2200 MN/m3

Max processing temperature (TGA)

200 °C

392 °F

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Water absorption after 48h

ISO 62

<1%

(3)Δ = K l,ij ij,with - Kij,without. (4)ISO standards require for measurement with loads between 0.4 and 4 kPa and not with the product operating load.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : > 7 dB Maximum applied load (3 mm deformation):

29,87 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 2,2 to 4,5 N/mm2 42 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

STRESS | DEFORMATION

CREEP

Stress [MPa]

Relative deformation [% reduction in sample thickness]

COMPRESSION

0,9

16,0

0,8

14,0

0,7

12,0

0,6 0,5

10,0

0,4

8,0

0,3

6,0

0,2

4,0

0,1

2,0 5

30 Deformation [%]

20.000

40.000

DYNAMIC ELASTIC MODULUS E'

TAN δ UNDER STRESS

E’ [MPa]

Loss factor

DMTA

0,5

40,0

0,4

30,0

0,3

20,0

0,2

10,0

0,1

80.000 Load period [h]

DMTA

50,0

60.000

80 Temperature [°C]

DYNAMIC ELASTIC MODULUS G'

TAN δ SHEAR

G’ [MPa]

Loss factor

DMTA

80 Temperature [°C]

DMTA

0,6 20,0

0,5

0,4

15,0

0,3

10,0 0,2 5,0 0,1

1,0 Hz/MPa

5,0 Hz/MPa

80 Temperature [°C]

10,0 Hz/MPa

20,0 Hz/MPa

33,3 Hz/MPa

50,0 Hz/MPa

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 43

STATIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

(buildings)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

44 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

DYNAMIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

5 Hz

(machines and vibration)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 5 Hz.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 45

THE CEN MODEL (EN ISO 12354) The CEN model proposed in the EN ISO 12354 series of standards provides a powerful tool to predict the acoustic performance of a partition from the characteristics of the construction elements. The EN ISO 12354 series has been expanded to provide more specific information regarding timber frame and CLT structures. ISO

EN ISO 12354-1:2017

ISO

Airborne sound insulation between rooms.

EN ISO 12354-2:2017

Impact sound soundproofing between rooms.

APPARENT SOUND REDUCTION INDEX EN ISO 12354 norms provide two methods to calculate the acoustic performance of a partition: a detailed method and the simplified method. When using the simplified calculation model, disregarding the presence of small penetrations and airborne transmission paths Dn,j,w, the apparent sound reduction index R‘w can be calculated as the logarithmic sum of the direct component RDd,w and the flanking transmission components Rij,w.

The sound reduction index for flanking transmission paths Rij,w can be estimated as:

Kij

where:

RDd,w

Ri,w e Rj,w are sound reduction evaluation indices of flanking elements i and j respectively; ΔRi, ΔRj

are sound reduction index increases due to the installation of architectural finishes for element i in the source environment and/or element j in the receiving environment;

Kij

vibration reduction index through the joint

is the area of the separating element and lij is the length of the joint between the separating wall and the flanking elements i and j, l0 being a reference length of 1 m.

Rij,w=RFf,w

Rij,w=RFd,w Rij,w=RDf,w

R’w

Among the input parameters required by the calculation model, the sound reduction indices can be obtained from accredited laboratory measurements or from the manufacturers of construction elements. Additionally, a number of open-access databases offer data for frequently used construction solutions. The ΔRw can be estimated by modelling the wall assembly in terms of a mass-spring-mass system (EN ISO 12354 Annex D). The most critical parameter to estimate is the VIBRATION REDUCTION INDEX Kij. This quantity represents the vibration energy dissipating into the junction, and is associated with the structural coupling of the elements. High values of Kij generate the best junction performance. Standard EN ISO 12354 provides some predictive estimates of two standard T and X-shaped joints for CLT structures, which are shown on the right, but the experimental data available is still limited. This is why Rothoblaas has invested in several measurement campaigns to provide usable data with this calculation model.

ASTM & Kij

The ASTM standards currently do not provide a predictive model for the evaluation of flanking sound transmission, so the ISO 12354 and ISO 10848 standards are used and "translated" into the ASTM metric. STCij =

46 | THE CEN MODEL (EN ISO 12354) | XYLOFON

STCi 2

STCj 2

+ Kij + max(ΔSTCi ,ΔSTCi )+

min(ΔSTCi ,ΔSTCi ) 2

+ 10log

SS I0Iij

DETERMINING THE VIBRATION REDUCTION INDEX KIJ IN TIMBER STRUCTURES

METHOD 1 - CALCULATING Kijrigid Solution 1 - T-SHAPED JOINT K13= 5,7 + 14,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB K12= 5,7 + 5,7 M2 = K23 dB 1

INCORPORATING OF RESILIENT LAYERS LIKE XYLOFON, PIANO, CORK AND ALADIN STRIPE The MyProject software can be used during design, or follow one of the methods below, extrapolated from internationally valid standards.

Solution 2 - T-SHAPED JOINT with resilient layer K23= 5,7 + 14,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB K12= 5,7 + 5,7 M2 = K23 dB

METHOD 1 BASED ON EN ISO 12354:2017 FOR HOMOGENEOUS STRUCTURES Typically, this formula has been considered for lightweight wood structures, i.e. considering the connections between elements, which are considered rigid and homogeneous. For CLT structures this is certainly an approximation. Kij depends on the shape of the junction and the type of elements composing it, especially their surface mass. In case of T- or X-joints, use the following expressions, shown aside.

Solution 3 - X-SHAPED JOINT K13= 8,7 + 17,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB K12= 8,7 + 5,7 M2 = K23 dB K24= 3,7 + 14,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB 0 ≤ K24 ≤ -4 dB

For both cases:

Kij = Kijrigid + ∆L if the flanking transmission path passes through a junction Kij = Kijrigid + 2∆L

if the flanking transmission path passes through two joints M=10log(mi /mi)

where: mi

is the mass of one of the elements, the one placed perpendicular to the other.

METHOD 2 - CALCULATING Kijrigid Solution 1 - T-SHAPED JOINT

Therefore, the transmitted vibration reduction value is: ∆Lw = 10log(1/ft) for loads exceeding 750 kN/m2 on a resilient layer with ∆Lmin = 5 dB ft = ((G/ti)(√ρ1 ρ2))1,5 where:

K13= 22 + 3,3log(f⁄fk) fk=500 Hz K23= 15 + 3,3log(f⁄fk) 1

is the Young tangential module (MN/m2)

is the thickness of the resilient material (m)

ρ1 and ρ2

are, respectively, the density of connected elements 1 and 2

Solution 1 - X-SHAPED JOINT

METHOD 2 F.3 EMPIRICAL DATA FOR JUNCTIONS CHARACTERIZED BY Kij ISO 12354-1:2017 CLT construction elements are elements in which the structural reverberation time is, in most cases, mainly determined by the connecting elements. In the case of CLT structures weakly bound together, the side transmission contribution can be determined according to the following relations, valid if 0,5 < (m1 /m2) < 2.

K13= 10 - 3,3log(f⁄fk) + 10 M K24= 23 - 3,3log(f⁄fk) fk=500 Hz K14= 18 - 3,3log(f⁄fk) 4

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 47

THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD

A CALCULATION EXAMPLE USING EN ISO 12354

INPUT DATA The EN ISO 12354 norms provide two methods to calculate the acoustic performance of a partition: a detailed method and the simplified method.

PARTITION CHARACTERISTICS

Regarding airborne sound insulation, the simplified calculation model predicts the apparent sound energy as a single value based on the acoustic performance of the elements involved in the junction. Below is an example of a calculation evaluating the apparent sound reduction index between two adjacent rooms.

25 mm 50 mm 75 mm 50 mm 25 mm

In order to determine the acoustic performance of assembly from the acoustic performance of its components, it is important to determine for every junction element: • the geometry of the assembly (S) • the acoustic properties of the assembly (Rw) • the connection between structural elements (Kij) • the characteristics of each layer composing the assembly

SEPARATING WALL S plasterboard mineral wool CLT mineral wool plasterboard

INTERNAL WALLS 1 12,5 mm 78 mm 12,5 mm

gypsum fibreboard CLT gypsum fibreboard

INTERNAL WALLS 2 75 mm 50 mm 25 mm PLAN 400 cm

400 cm

2 2

CLT mineral wool plasterboard

EXTERNAL WALLS 3

6 mm 60 mm 160 mm 90 mm 70 mm 50 mm 15 mm 25 mm

plaster wood fibre panel mineral wool CLT fir panels mineral wool plasterboard plasterboard

FLOORS 5

70 mm 0.2 mm 30 mm 50 mm 140 mm 60 mm 15 mm

concrete screed PE membrane under floor membrane backfill (loose) CLT mineral wool plasterboard

320 cm

4 4

5 5

SECTION

270 cm

7 7

400 cm

48 | THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD | XYLOFON

Data for acoustic characterisation of the assemblies was taken from DataHolz. www.dataholz.com

CALCULATION OF DIRECT AND FLANKING TRANSMISSION COMPONENTS The apparent sound reduction index is obtained from the contribution of the direct component and the flanking transmission paths, based on the following equation:

Considering only the first order transmission, there are three flanking transmission paths for each combination of assemblies i-j, for a total of 12 Rij calculated using the equation:

ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ASSEMBLIES S

m‘

[m2] 8,64

[dB] 53

[kg/m2] 69 68

Path of transmission 1

10,8

12,8

268

12,8

268

12,8

268

12,8

268

CALCULATING Rij

DETERMINING THE APPARENT SOUND REDUCTION INDEX The simplified calculation model has the unquestioned advantage of providing an easy-to-use tool to predict sound insulation. On the other hand, its application is quite delicate for CLT structures because the damping of each structural element is strongly affected by the assembly. It really deserves a dedicated modelling approach. Moreover, CLT panels provide poor insulation at low frequencies, thus the use of frequency weighted indices might return results which do not provide an accurate representation of actual behaviour in the low frequency region. Therefore the use of the detailed method is advised for accurate predictive analysis.

In the example provided, sound insulation for direct transmission gives Rw of 53 dB, if the contributions of flanking transmission are considered, R'w decreases to 51 dB.

R’w = 51 dB

Rw = 53 dB

Path of transmission

Rij

Path of transmission

Rij

1-S

[dB] 60

S-6

[dB] 83

3-S

5-S

S-8

7-S

3-4

1-2

64 77

S-2

5-6

S-4

7-8

CHARACTERISATION OF THE JOINTS JOINT 1-2-S X-shaped joint detail 12 JOINT 3-4-S T-shaped joint, detail 5 JOINT 5-6-S X-shaped joint with resilient profile detail 43 JOINT 7-8-S X-shaped joint with resilient profile detail 43 Download all the documentation about the project from www.rothoblaas.com

Download all the documentation about the FLANKSOUND project! https://www.rothoblaas.com/technical-insights XYLOFON | THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD | 49

FLANKSOUND PROJECT EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS OF Kij FOR CLT JOINTS Rothoblaas has therefore promoted research aimed at measuring the Kij vibration reduction index for a variety of CLT panel joints, with the dual objective of providing specific experimental data for the acoustic design of CLT buildings and contributing to the development of calculation methods. L, T and X-shaped joints were tested during the measurement project. CLT panels were provided by seven different manufacturers and therefore underwent different production processes, showing different characteristics such as the number and thickness of lamellas, side gluing of layers, and anti-shrinkage kerf cuts in the core. Different kinds of screws and connectors were tested, as well as different resilient layers at the wall-floor junction. The test set-up was arranged in the warehouse at Rothoblaas headquarters in Cortaccia (prov. Bolzano).

The vibration reduction index measurements were carried out in compliance with EN ISO 10848.

Kij for 15 different types of joint • 7 different CLT manufacturers • L, T, X-shaped vertical and horizontal joints • influence of type and number of screws • influence of type and number of angle brackets • influence of type and number of hold-downs • use of resilient layers

FASTENING HBS countersunk screw

TITAN F angle bracket for shear loads on frame walls

VGZ fully threaded screw with cylindrical head

WHT angle bracket for tensile loads

TITAN N angle bracket for shear loads in solid walls

SOUNDPROOFING

X-RAD

XYLOFON high performance resilient profile

X-ONE universal connector for CLT panels

ALADIN STRIPE resilient profile

X-PLATE complete range of connection plates

CONSTRUCTION SEALING airtight profile

50 | FLANKSOUND PROJECT | XYLOFON

MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATION MEASUREMENT SETUP: EQUIPMENT AND DATA PROCESSING The vibration reduction index Kij is calculated as:

where: Dv,ij (Dv,ji)

is the difference in vibration velocity between the elements i and j (j and i) when element i (j) is excited (dB)

lij

is the length of the junction shared between the elements i and j

are the equivalent absorption lengths elements of i and j

is the panel surface

is the frequency

is the structural reverberation time

The sound source consisted of an electrodynamic shaker with sinusoidal peak force of 200 N, which was mounted on a heavyweight base and screwed to the CLT panels using a plate. The velocity levels were measured using a pink noise source signal, filtered at 30 Hz in order to get reliable results from 50 Hz onwards. Structural reverberation times were calculated from impulse responses acquired using ESS test signals. The accelerometers were fixed to the panels using magnets. Eyelets were screwed to the panels with screws whose length was at least half of the thickness of the panels, in order to reach the innermost layer of the panel. The vibration reduction indices are reported in the one-third octave bands ranging from 100 to 3150 Hz, together with the value averaged over the one-third octave bands from 200 to 1250 Hz.

A. Speranza, L. Barbaresi, F. Morandi, “ Experimental analysis of flanking transmission of different connection systems for CLT panels “ in Proceedings of the World Conference on Timber Engineering 2016, Vienna, August 2016. L. Barbaresi, F. Morandi, M. Garai, A. Speranza, “ Experimental measurements of flanking transmission in CLT structures “ in Proceedings of the International Congress on Acoustics 2016, Buenos Aires, September 2016. L. Barbaresi, F. Morandi, M. Garai, A. Speranza, “Experimental analysis of flankng transmission in CLT structures” of Meetings on Acoustics (POMA), a serial publication of the Acoustical Society of America - POMA-D-17-00015 L. Barbaresi, F. Morandi, J. Belcari, A. Zucchelli, Alice Speranza, “Optimising the mechanical characterisation of a resilient interlayer for the use in timber construction” in Proceedings of the International congress on sound and vibration 2017, London, July 2017

XYLOFON | MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATION | 51

L-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

STRUCTURE floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in) (2,3 m x 4,0 m - 7.55 ft x 13.12 ft) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (4,0 m x 2,3 m - 13.12 ft x 7.55 ft)

4000

2300 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 13 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 300 mm (11 3/4 in)

RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 position: between the lower wall and the floor. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 4,0 m (13.12 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [kN]: structure self weight

300 160 1

2 100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

12,6

10,8

13,6

11,1

9,2

13,3

11,3

16,5

10,2

14,6

14,9

17,4

19,6

25,0

28,5

25,1

K12 = 13,2 dB

52 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

L-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

STRUCTURE floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in) (2,3 m x 4,0 m - 7.55 ft x 13.12 ft) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (4,0 m x 2,3 m - 13.12 ft x 7.55 ft)

4000

2300 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø9 x 400 mm (HBS8240), spacing 600 mm (23 5/8 in)

600 160 1

2 100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

15,3

11,2

10,6

9,5

11,7

11,5

13,8

15,1

12,0

14,5

13,0

18,6

21,6

22,0

20,8

23,7

K12 = 13,3 dB

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 53

L-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

STRUCTURE floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in) (2,3 m x 4,0 m - 7.55 ft x 13.12 ft) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (4,0 m x 2,3 m - 13.12 ft x 7.55 ft)

4000

2300 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 13 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 300 mm (11 3/4 in) 5 angle brackets TITAN (TTN240) spacing 800 mm (31 1/2 in) fastening pattern: total nailing 72 screws Ø5 x 50 mm 2 hold down WHT (WHT440) RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 position: between the lower wall and the floor. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 4,0 m (13.12 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [kN]: structure self weight

300 160 160 1

2 800

100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

10,9

8,9

7,1

10,6

7,4

9,6

10,2

12,5

11,8

14,1

14,8

15,3

17,1

17,4

21,5

21,2

K12 = 11,8 dB

*data estimated based on experimental measurements 54 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

L-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

STRUCTURE floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in) (2,3 m x 4,0 m - 7.55 ft x 13.12 ft) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (4,0 m x 2,3 m - 13.12 ft x 7.55 ft)

4000

2300 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 13 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 300 mm (11 3/4 in) 5 angle brackets TITAN (TTN240) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL35120240) spacing 800 mm (31 1/2 in) fastening pattern: total nailing 72 screws Ø5 x 50 mm 2 hold down WHT (WHT440) RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the lower wall and the floor. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 4,0 m (13.12 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [kN]: structure self weight

300 160 160 1

2 800

100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

11,6

9,4

11,6

12,0

7,2

11,0

10,3

13,7

11,9

15,1

15,6

16,7

17,9

22,2

25,6

22,1

K12 = 12,6 dB

*data estimated based on experimental measurements XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 55

L-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

STRUCTURE floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in) (2,3 m x 4,0 m - 7.55 ft x 13.12 ft) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm - 4 in) (4,0 m x 2,3 m - 13.12 ft x 7.55 ft)

4000

2300 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø9 x 400 mm (HBS8240), spacing 600 mm (23 5/8 in) 5 angle brackets TITAN (TTN240) spacing 800 mm (31 1/2 in) fastening pattern: total nailing 72 screws Ø5 x 50 mm 2 hold down WHT (WHT440) RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 position: between the lower wall and the floor. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 4,0 m (13.12 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [kN]: structure self weight

600 160 1

2 800

100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

10,6

15,0

8,8

9,6

9,2

8,4

7,7

10,0

11,3

14,3

14,2

16,3

20,0

18,6

20,8

18,7

K12 = 11,2 dB

*data estimated based on experimental measurements 56 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

T-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2300

STRUCTURE STRUCTURE upper wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm- 4 in) (2,3 m x 3,5 m- 7.55 ft x 11 ft) floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in) (2,3 m x 3,5 m- 7.55 ft x 11 ft), lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm- 4 in) (2,3 m x 4,0 m- 7.55 ft x 13.12 ft)

3500

4 1

4000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 7 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 300 mm (11 3/4 in) 3 angle brackets TITAN (TTN240), spacing 800 mm (31 1/2 in) fastening pattern: total nailing 72 screws Ø5 x 50 mm 4 hold down WHT (WHT440) RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 position: between the lower wall and the floor. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 4,0 m (13.12 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: structure self weight

4 800 300 160 1

2 100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

17,4

14,8

9,0

15,5

11,9

13,2

9,9

16,2

20,6

22,5

22,9

21,7

24,9

35,1

37,3

41,2

K12 = 17,2 dB f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

24,4

21,8

16,0

22,5

18,9

20,2

16,9

23,2

27,6

29,5

29,9

28,7

31,9

42,1

44,3

48,2

K24 = 24,2 dB f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

12,5

0,5

0,7

7,2

4,6

7,5

0,7

9,7

9,1

12,3

12,8

18,8

19,5

21,3

25,1

26,3

K14 = 9,2 dB *data estimated based on experimental measurements XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 57

T-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2300

STRUCTURE upper wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm- 4 in) (2,3 m x 3,5 m- 7.55 ft x 11 ft) floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in) (2,3 m x 3,5 m- 7.55 ft x 11 ft), lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm- 4 in) (2,3 m x 4,0 m- 7.55 ft x 13.12 ft)

3500

4 1

4000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 7 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 300 mm (11 3/4 in) 3 angle brackets TITAN (TTN240) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL35120240) spacing 800 mm (31 1/2 in) fastening pattern: total nailing 72 screws Ø5 x 50 mm 4 hold down WHT (WHT440) RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the lower wall and the floor. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 4,0 m (13.12 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: structure self weight

4 800 300 160 1

2 100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

23,6

27,1

16,5

18,7

18,0

14,2

10,6

14,6

16,7

22,0

24,0

26,6

29,4

31,4

34,0

32,5

K24 = 18,4 dB f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

16,6

20,1

9,5

11,7

11,0

7,2

3,6

7,6

9,7

15,0

17,0

19,6

22,4

24,4

27,0

25,5

K12 = 11,4 dB

*data estimated based on experimental measurements 58 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

T-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2300

3500

4 1

4000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 7 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 300 mm (11 3/4 in) 3 angle brackets TITAN (TTN240) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL35120240) spacing 800 mm (31 1/2 in) fastening pattern: total nailing 72 screws Ø5 x 50 mm 2 LBV perforated plates (LBV100500) RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the lower wall and the floor. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 4,0 m (13.12 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: structure self weight

4 800 300 160 1

2 100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

17,4

13,1

7,0

11,1

10,8

11,5

10,5

15,6

20,4

22,4

21,9

24,7

24,5

38,4

38,6

41,0

K12 = 16,6 dB f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

23,9

24,5

18,3

20,6

16,3

18,2

19,4

19,6

25,7

27,2

25,6

21,9

24,5

41,7

44,9

49,0

K24 = 21,6 dB f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

7,1

- 3,1

- 2,5

6,2

6,0

6,4

0,7

9,7

9,5

12,5

12,7

19,3

16,8

21,8

25,2

27,2

K14 = 9,2 dB Data estimated based on experimental measurements. XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 59

X-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2300 3500

STRUCTURE upper wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm- 4 in) (2,3 m x 3,5 m- 7.55 ft x 11 ft) floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in) (2,3 m x 7,5 m- 7.55 ft x 25 ft) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm- 4 in) (2,3 m x 4,0 m- 7.55 ft x 13.12 ft)

4 1

4000 2

4 800 300

3 160 1

2 100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

20,4

17,8

12,0

18,5

14,9

16,2

12,9

19,2

23,6

25,5

25,9

24,7

27,9

38,1

40,3

44,2

K12 = 20,2 dB f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

15,5

3,5

3,7

10,2

7,6

10,5

3,7

12,7

12,1

15,3

15,8

21,8

22,5

24,3

28,1

29,3

K14 = 12,2 dB f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

25,4

22,8

17,0

23,5

19,9

21,2

17,9

24,2

28,6

30,5

30,9

29,7

32,9

43,1

45,3

49,2

K24 = 25,2 dB *data estimated based on experimental measurements 60 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

X-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2300 3500

STRUCTURE uupper wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm- 4 in) (2,3 m x 3,5 m- 7.55 ft x 11 ft) floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in) (2,3 m x 7,5 m- 7.55 ft x 25 ft) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm- 4 in) (2,3 m x 4,0 m- 7.55 ft x 13.12 ft)

4 1

4000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 angle brackets TITAN (TTN240) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL35120240) spacing 800 mm (31 1/2 in) fastening pattern: 72 screws Ø5 x 50 mm 4 hold down WHT (WHT440)

RESILIENT PROFILE XYLOFON 35 + XYLOFON PLATE position: between the lower wall and the floor. dimensions: width = 100 mm (4 in) thickness = 6 mm (1/4 in) length = 4,0 m (13.12 ft) contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: structure self weight

4 800 3 160 1

2 100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

24,6

28,1

17,5

19,7

19,0

15,2

11,6

15,6

17,7

23,0

25,0

27,6

30,4

32,4

35,0

33,5

K24 = 19,4 dB f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

19,6

23,1

12,5

14,7

14,0

10,2

6,6

10,6

12,7

18,0

20,0

22,6

25,4

27,4

30,0

28,5

K12 = 14,4 dB f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K13 [dB]

10,3

10,0

9,6

9,3

9,0

8,6

8,3

8,0

7,6

7,3

7,0

6,7

6,3

6,0

5,7

5,3

K13 = 8,0 dB *data estimated based on experimental measurements. XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 61

SOUND REDUCTION INDEX AND IMPACT SOUND LEVEL A predictive study of the sound insulation of airborne and impact noise in buildings cannot be determined by calculations alone, but must be supported by experimental data and measurements in the laboratory and on site. In mass timber construction, as in light-framed construction, the contribution of flanking sound transmission can be significant and it is important to be able to estimate this correctly because regulations require compliance with passive acoustic requirements measured on site. For this reason, the analysis of the assembly of the separating element cannot be limited, but also the behavior of the resilient profiles must be considered. In the laboratory in Innsbruck, the upper floor and the ceiling can be raised by up to 30 cm by means of hydraulic jacks, in order to carry out tests, with and without XYLOFON, and thus test its effectiveness. The laboratory also provides the possibility of loading the structure with threaded tie rods to simulate different loads (e.g. several floors). For the tests, a load of 17 kN/m (approximately one floor) was applied to the ceiling element and thus also XYLOFON 35

SET UP 2

1,60

1,26

1,60

1,01

1,26

1,01

The receiving and transmitting rooms have a floor area of 21,5 m² (5,24 m lenght; 4,10 m width). The volume of the transmitting room is 53,0 m³, and the volume of the receiving room 85,0 m³. The floor 1 is made of 160 mm 5-layer CLT, while the walls 2 are made of 100 mm 5-layer CLT panels. The floor was fixed with HBS 6 x 240 mm screws at a distance of 300 mm and 10 TITAN 3 TTN240 angle brackets with LBS 5 x 70 screws (72 screws each angle bracket). NOTE: a blower door test was performed prior to measurement to prevent air leaks from affecting the measurement results.

62 | SOUND REDUCTION INDEX AND IMPACT SOUND LEVEL | XYLOFON

THE RESULTS For the evaluation of flanking sound transmission, both the dodecahedron and the impact sound machine were used as sources, while accelerometers were applied to the wall in the receiving room. The results obtained were implemented in the formula shown below to determine Rij,situ

R S(0) =Rij,situ R S(0) = LS (f) - Lb (f) - K56 + 20log (f in Hz) - 10logσ (1) where: LS (f)

sound pressure level in the transmitting room, function of frequency [dB].

Lb (f)

flanking sound pressure level, function of frequency [dB].

K56

accelerometer calibration coefficient

frequency [Hz]

10log σ

radiation coefficient, function of frequency

ΔRDf+Ff,situ = 5 dB

ΔRDf+Ff,situ = 10 dB

ΔSTCDf+Ff,situ = 4 dB

ΔSTCDf+Ff,situ = 10 dB

ΔLn,Df+Ff,situ = 7 dB

ΔLn,Df+Ff,situ = 8 dB

ΔIICDf+Ff,situ = 7 dB

ΔIICDf+Ff,situ = 8 dB

reduction of flanking airborne sound transmission

reduction of flanking impact sound transmission

A. Kraler, P. Brugnara, “Acoustic behaviour of CLT structures: influence of decoupling bearing stripes, floor assembly and connectors under storey-like loads”, Internoise Glasgow 21-24 August 2022

XYLOFON | SOUND REDUCTION INDEX AND IMPACT SOUND LEVEL | 63

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

Surface = 21,64 m2 Mass = 167 kg/ m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3 6

1 2

reinforced gypsum-fibre board (44 kg/m2) (s: 32 mm- 1 1/4 in)

high density cardboard and sand panels (34,6 kg/m2) (s: 30 mm- 1 3/16

in)

SILENT FLOOR PUR (s: 10 mm- 3/8 in)

CLT (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in)

XYLOFON

TITAN SILENT

CLT (s: 160 m- 6 1/4 in)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) f

100

[Hz]

[dB]

23,1

44,6

36,9

100

34,6

125

37,8

160

33,7

R’w(C;Ctr) = 50 (0;-6) dB

STC = 50

R’w,0(C;Ctr ) = 47 (0;-6) dB

STC0 = 48

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

36,1

250

40,2

315

40,2

400

43,6

500

45,9

630

48,2

800

49,7

1000

52,8

1250

55,1

1600

56,9

2000

59,5

2500

62,5

3150

64,5

4000

64,6

5000

66,1

f (Hz)

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck0Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau0Technikerstraße 13A - 602 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M03B_L211217_m-Bodenaufbau.

64 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

200

with XYLOFON without XYLOFON

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR

AIRBORNE FLANKING TRANSMISSION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

Surface = 21,64 m2 Mass = 167 kg/ m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3

7 6 1 2

reinforced gypsum-fibre board (44 kg/m2) (s: 32 mm- 1 1/4 in)

high density cardboard and sand panels (34,6 kg/m2) (s: 30 mm- 1 3/16

in) 5

Df Ff

SILENT FLOOR PUR (s: 10 mm- 3/8 in)

CLT (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in)

XYLOFON

TITAN SILENT

CLT (s: 160 m- 6 1/4 in)

AIRBORNE FLANKING TRANSMISSION R (dB) f

100

[Hz]

[dB]

58,3

63,9

47,7

100

54,6

125

54,8

160

48,8

200

48,3

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

RDf+Ff,situ = 62 dB

STCDf+Ff, situ = 61

RDf+Ff,situ,0 = 57 dB

STCDf+Ff,situ,0 = 57

250

51,4

315

52,9

400

52,6

500

56,1

630

61,0

800

63,7

1000

68,8

1250

73,1

1600

72,6

2000

75,6

2500

70,6

3150

71,7

4000

76,6

5000

80,2

f (Hz) with XYLOFON without XYLOFON

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck0Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau0Technikerstraße 13A - 602 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M03B_L211217_m-Bodenaufbau

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 65

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

Surface = 21,64 m2 Mass = 167 kg/ m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3 6

1 2

reinforced gypsum-fibre board (44 kg/m2) (s: 32 mm- 1 1/4 in)

high density cardboard and sand panels (34,6 kg/m2) (s: 30 mm- 1 3/16

in)

SILENT FLOOR PUR (s: 10 mm- 3/8 in)

CLT (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in)

XYLOFON

TITAN SILENT

CLT (s: 160 m- 6 1/4 in)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) f

100

[Hz]

[dB]

22,0

44,8

43,6

100

41,8

125

45,7

160

36,8

200

44,2

R’w(C;Ctr) = 51 (0;-6) dB

STC = 51

R’w,0(C;Ctr ) = 47 (0;-6) dB

STC0 = 48

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

43,6

315

40,9

400

44,5

500

41,8

630

47,1

800

50,8

1000

57,0

1250

57,0

1600

60,6

2000

60,1

2500

63,5

3150

64,5

4000

67,2

5000

66,1

f (Hz)

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck0Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau0Technikerstraße 13A - 6020 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M07B_L211217_m-Bodenaufbau

66 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

250

with XYLOFON without XYLOFON

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR

AIRBORNE FLANKING TRANSMISSION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

Surface = 21,64 m2 Mass = 167 kg/ m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3

7 6 1 2

reinforced gypsum-fibre board (44 kg/m2) (s: 32 mm- 1 1/4 in)

high density cardboard and sand panels (34,6 kg/m2) (s: 30 mm- 1 3/16

in) 5

Df Ff

SILENT FLOOR PUR (s: 10 mm- 3/8 in)

CLT (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in)

XYLOFON

TITAN SILENT

CLT (s: 160 m- 6 1/4 in)

: M07B_T210517_o-Bodenaufbau

AIRBORNE FLANKING TRANSMISSION TRASMISSIOE LATERALE AEREA R (dB) f

100

[Hz]

[dB]

63,9

59,0

46,7

100

54,3

125

54,3

160

52,2

200

56,4

250

59,3

315

57,1

400

58,0

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

RDf+Ff,situ = 67 dB

STCDf+Ff, situ = 67

RDf+Ff,situ,0 = 57 dB

STCDf+Ff,situ,0 = 57

500

59,4

630

60,9

800

70,2

1000

75,8

1250

79,4

1600

79,7

2000

78,8

2500

75,6

3150

74,1

4000

79,2

5000

82,9

f (Hz) with XYLOFON without XYLOFON

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck0Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau0Technikerstraße 13A - 602 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M07B_T210517_o-Bodenaufbau

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 67

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

Surface = 21,64 m2 Mass = 72 kg/ m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3 3

CLT (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in)

XYLOFON

TITAN SILENT

Impact sound NOISE INSULATION R (dB) f

100

[Hz]

[dB]

66,7

69,7

71,6

100

77,6

125

76,2

160

79,5

200

80,2

L’n,w(Cl) = 85 (-4) dB

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

81,7

315

82,3

400

84,8

500

87,7

630

87,2

800

86,9

1000

86,7

1250

84,8

1600

82,7

2000

77,1

2500

69,0

3150

65,0

4000

64,0

5000

62,4

f (Hz)

IIC = 85

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck0Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau0Technikerstraße 13A - 602 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M06A_T210517_o-Bodenaufbau.

68 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

250

with XYLOFON without XYLOFON

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR

IMPACT FLANKING TRANSMISSION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

Surface = 21,64 m2 Mass = 167 kg/ m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3 3

CLT (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in)

XYLOFON

TITAN SILENT

IMPACT FLANKING TRANSMISSION Ln (dB)

100

[Hz]

[dB]

55,2

54,8

56,9

100

58,4

125

52,7

160

52,5

Ln,Df+Ff,situ = 64 dB

IICDf+Ff, situ = 64

Ln,Df+Ff,situ,0 = 71 dB

IICDf+Ff,situ,0 = 71

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

200

55,9

250

60,2

315

56,2

400

54,0

500

61,5

630

60,8

800

63,2

1000

66,0

1250

62,3

1600

59,5

2000

60,6

2500

52,3

3150

50,0

4000

39,5

5000

28,2

f (Hz) with XYLOFON without XYLOFON

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck0Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau0Technikerstraße 13A - 602 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M06A_T210517_o-Bodenaufbau

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 69

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

Surface = 21,64 m2 Mass = 72 kg/ m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3 3

CLT (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in)

XYLOFON

TITAN SILENT

Impact sound NOISE INSULATION R (dB) f

100

[Hz]

[dB]

68,0

68,2

73,7

100

75,8

125

74,9

160

79,3

200

79,8

L’n,w(Cl) = 84 (-4) dB

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

81,5

315

82,3

400

85,1

500

87,4

630

86,4

800

86,7

1000

85,6

1250

83,4

1600

80,2

2000

74,4

2500

65,5

3150

62,3

4000

60,7

5000

57,9

f (Hz)

IIC = 84

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck0Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau0Technikerstraße 13A - 602 Innsbruck. Test protocol:M07A_T210517_o-Bodenaufbau

70 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

250

with XYLOFON without XYLOFON

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR

IMPACT FLANKING TRANSMISSION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

Surface = 21,64 m2 Mass = 167 kg/ m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3 3

CLT (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in)

XYLOFON

TITAN SILENT

IMPACT FLANKING TRANSMISSION Ln (dB)

100

[Hz]

[dB]

56,0

53,1

60,1

100

58,0

125

51,8

160

53,5

Ln,Df+Ff,situ = 63 dB

IICDf+Ff, situ = 63

Ln,Df+Ff,situ,0 = 71 dB

IICDf+Ff,situ,0 = 71

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

200

57,5

250

58,8

315

55,1

400

54,4

500

60,8

630

61,6

800

62,3

1000

65,7

1250

61,7

1600

59,0

2000

60,3

2500

50,5

3150

43,9

4000

35,2

5000

27,1

f (Hz) with XYLOFON without XYLOFON

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck0Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau0Technikerstraße 13A - 602 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M07A_T210517_o-Bodenaufbau

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 71

ON SITE MEASUREMENTS The effectiveness of XYLOFON was also verified by measuring passive acoustic requirements in constructed buildings. XYLOFON has been used in residential buildings, accommodation facilities, university campuses, schools, health centres and mixed-use multi-storey buildings. The performance achieved did not disappoint expectations and XYLOFON proved to be an excellent partner for reducing flanking sound transmission.

MARIE CURIE SCHULE Frankfurt (DE)

description

building for school use

type of structure

CLT panels

location

Frankfurt (Germany)

products

XYLOFON

MULTI-STOREY BUILDING Toronto (CA)

description

6-storey building for residential use

type of structure

CLT panels

location

Toronto (Canada)

products

XYLOFON, ALADIN

SOLHØY Østlandet (NO)

description

health centre consisting of 67 health-care flats with attached user services

type of structure

CLT panels

location

Østlandet (Norway)

products

XYLOFON

LA BRIOSA HOTEL Trentino Alto Adige (IT)

description

7-storey building for accommodation use

type of structure

CLT panels

location

Trentino Alto Adige (Italy)

products

XYLOFON, ALADIN, TITAN SILENT

XYLOFON | ON SITE MEASUREMENTS | 73

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 10140-2

FLOOR SLAB Surface = 31,17 m2 Mass = 418,3 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 78,4 m3 Concrete screed (2400 kg/m3) (s: 60 mm - 2 3/8 in) BARRIER 150 3 Mineral wool insulation s' ≤ 10 MN/m3 (110 kg/m3) (s: 30 mm - 1 3/16 in) 4 Compact gravel fill with cement (1800 kg/m3) (s: 80 mm - 3 1/8 in) 1

3 4

SILENT FLOOR BYTUM (s: 5 mm - 8 mil) CLT (s: 160 mm - 6 1/4 in) 7 Resilient plasterboard connectors (s: 60 mm - 2 3/8 in) 8 Metal structure for plasterboard 9 Air chamber (s: 10 mm - 3/8 in) 10 Low density mineral wool insulation (25 kg/m3) (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 11 Plasterboard panel x2 (s: 25 mm - 1 in) 5

6 12

8 7

12 XYLOFON 13 SILENT EDGE 14 Fastening system:

HBS 8 x 240 mm, 300 mm (11 3/4 in) spacing TITAN SILENT 800 mm (31 1/2 in) spacing

AIRBORNE SOUND STRATIGRAFIA A_RwINSULATION R (dB) 80

Rw (C;Ctr) = 60 (-1; -4) dB Testing laboratory: Akustik Center Austria, Holzforschung Austria. Test protocol: 2440_01_2017_M01.

74 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

f (Hz)

STC = 59

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

18,6

38,2

44,8

100

48,0

125

49,5

160

50,1

200

49,0

250

51,6

315

50,6

400

50,7

500

54,2

630

58,4

800

59,9

1000

64,6

1250

68,7

1600

73,6

2000

75,0

2500

74,1

3150

73,8

4000

76,2

5000

76,9

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 10140-3

4 14

6 12

8 7

12 XYLOFON 13 SILENT EDGE 14 Fastening system:

HBS 8 x 240 mm, 300 mm (11 3/4 in) spacing TITAN SILENT 800 mm (31 1/2 in) spacing

STRATIGRAFIA A_Ln IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Ln (dB) 80

Ln,w (Cl) = 42 (0) dB

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

69,1

67,3

59,7

100

52,9

125

51,1

160

46,6

200

49,4

250

47,5

315

41,8

400

40,5

500

38,8

630

36,7

800

34,5

1000

30,1

1250

27,5

1600

22,5

2000

18,2

2500

17,1

3150

17,3

4000

13,8

5000

12,5

IIC = 67

Testing laboratory: Akustik Center Austria, Holzforschung Austria. Test protocol: 2440_01_2017_M01.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 75

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 2

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 10140-2

3 4 5

SILENT FLOOR BYTUM (s: 5 mm - 8 mil) CLT (s: 160 mm - 6 1/4 in) 7 Resilient plasterboard connectors (s: 60 mm - 2 3/8 in) 8 Metal structure for plasterboard 9 Air chamber (s: 10 mm- 3/8 in) 10 Low density mineral wool insulation (25 kg/m3) (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 11 Plasterboard panel (s: 12,5 mm- 1/2 in) 5

6 12

8 7

12 XYLOFON 13 SILENT EDGE 14 Fastening system:

HBS 8 x 240 mm, 300 mm (11 3/4 in) spacing TITAN SILENT 800 mm (31 1/2 in) spacing

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 80

Rw (C;Ctr) = 59 (-1; -4) dB Testing laboratory: Akustik Center Austria, Holzforschung Austria. Test protocol: 2440_03_2017_M02.

76 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

STC = 57

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

18,7

34,9

36,9

100

43,8

125

45,6

160

49,1

200

49,9

250

49,1

315

49,4

400

48,7

500

53,0

630

57,4

800

59,9

1000

64,6

1250

68,9

1600

74,2

2000

74,9

2500

74,6

3150

75,1

4000

78,4

5000

79,9

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 2

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 10140-3

FLOOR SLAB Surface = 31,17 m2 Mass = 418,3 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 78,4 m3 Concrete screed (2400 kg/m3) (s: 60 mm - 2.36 i) BARRIER 150 3 Mineral wool insulation s' ≤ 10 MN/m3 (110 kg/m3) (s: 30 mm - 1 3/16 in) 4 Compact gravel fill with cement (1800 kg/m3) (s: 80 mm - 3 1/8 in) 1

3 4 5

SILENT FLOOR BYTUM (s: 5 mm - 8 mil) CLT (s: 160 mm - 6 1/4 in) 7 Resilient plasterboard connectors (s: 60 mm- 2.36 i) 8 Metal structure for plasterboard 9 Air chamber (s: 10 mm- 3/8 in) 10 Low density mineral wool insulation (25 kg/m3) (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 11 Plasterboard panel x2 (s: 25 mm- 1 in) 5

6 12

12 XYLOFON 13 SILENT EDGE 14 Fastening system:

HBS 8 x 240 mm, 300 mm (11 3/4 in) spacing TITAN SILENT 800 mm (31 1/2 in) spacing

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Ln (dB) 80

(C ) = 44 (1) dB

Ln,Wn,w = 44 (1)l

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

69,6

64,5

66,9

100

57,4

125

52,7

160

50,1

200

51,5

250

46,2

315

42,0

400

41,0

500

38,9

630

36,8

800

34,7

1000

30,4

1250

27,4

1600

24,2

2000

21,9

2500

22,7

3150

22,1

4000

20,6

5000

19,4

IIC = 62

f (Hz)

Testing laboratory: Akustik Center Austria, Holzforschung Austria. Test protocol: 2440_03_2017_M02.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 77

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 3

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 10140-2

3 4 5

SILENT FLOOR BYTUM (s: 5 mm - 8 mil) CLT (s: 160 mm - 6 1/4 in)

XYLOFON

SILENT EDGE Fastening system: HBS 8 x 240 mm, 300 mm (11 3/4 in) spacing TITAN SILENT 800 mm (31 1/2 in) spacing

5 6

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 80

Rw (C;Ctr) = 53 (-1; -3) dB Testing laboratory: Akustik Center Austria, Holzforschung Austria. Test protocol: 2440_05_2017_M03.

78 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

STC = 53

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

15,5

27,8

35,3

100

46,1

125

43,8

160

45,7

200

47,6

250

46,4

315

45,8

400

44,9

500

46,6

630

47,4

800

50,3

1000

55,7

1250

58,2

1600

61,6

2000

62,8

2500

64,8

3150

66,6

4000

69,6

5000

71,6

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 3

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 10140-3

3 4

SILENT FLOOR BYTUM (s: 5 mm - 8 mil) CLT (s: 160 mm- 6 1/4 in)

XYLOFON

SILENT EDGE Fastening system: HBS 8 x 240 mm, 300 mm (11 3/4 in) spacing TITAN SILENT 800 mm (31 1/2 in) spacing

5 6

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Ln (dB) 80

Ln,w (Cl) = 48 (0) dB

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

59,3

63,1

58,4

100

51,9

125

57,5

160

55,1

200

55,4

250

55,0

315

51,4

400

50,0

500

47,9

630

47,3

800

44,9

1000

39,3

1250

36,0

1600

32,6

2000

26,0

2500

24,2

3150

23,1

4000

19,1

5000

13,3

IIC = 62

Testing laboratory: Akustik Center Austria, Holzforschung Austria. Test protocol: 2440_06_2017_M03.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 79

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 5

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 140-4

FLOOR SLAB Surface = 35,14 m2 Mass = 384 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 88 m3 1

3 4

Timber floor (s: 15 mm - 9/16 in)

SILENT STEP (s: 2 mm - 8 mil) In-floor heating system (s: 70 mm - 2 3/4 in)

5 6

BARRIER 150 Mineral wool insulation s' ≤ 10 MN/m3 (110 kg/m3) (s: 30 mm - 1 3/16 in) 6 Compact gravel fill (s: 85 mm - 3 3/8 in) 7 CLT (s: 150 mm - 6 in) 8 Solid wood batten with resilient connectors 9 Air chamber (s: 6 mm - 1/4 in) 10 Low density mineral wool insulation (25 kg/m3) (s: 40 mm - 1 9/16 in) 11 Fir covering (s: 19 mm - 3/4 in) 4

7 12

12 XYLOFON 13 Fastening system:

HBS 8 x 240 mm, 300 mm (11 3/4 in) spacing TITAN SILENT 1000 mm (40 in) spacing

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION DnT (dB) 80

D nT,w = 63 (-3 ; -10)

DnT,w (C;Ctr) = 63 (-3; -10) dB Testing laboratory: INGENIEURBÜRO ROTHBACHER GmbH. Test protocol: 17-466.

80 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

f (Hz)

f (Hz) NNIC = 64

DnT

[Hz]

[dB]

20,5

24,6

25,5

100

34,8

125

41,2

160

46,6

200

52,2

250

53,9

315

400

59,5

500

61,5

630

64,9

800

67,4

1000

68,4

1250

69,2

1600

67,8

2000

69,9

2500

73,3

3150

75,6

4000

79,6

5000

80,3

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 5

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 10140-3

FLOOR SLAB Surface = 35,14 m2 Mass = 384 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 88 m3 1

2 4

Timber floor (s: 15 mm - 9/16 in)

SILENT STEP (s: 2 mm - 8 mil) 3 In-floor heating system (s: 70 mm - 2 3/4 in)

BARRIER 100 Mineral wool insulation s' ≤ 10 MN/m3 (110 kg/m3) (s: 30 mm - 1 3/16 in) 6 Compact gravel fill (s: 85 mm - 3 3/8 in) 7 CLT (s: 150 mm - 6 in) 8 Solid wood batten with resilient connectors 9 Air chamber (s: 6 mm - 1/4 in) 10 Low density mineral wool insulation (25 kg/m3) (s: 40 mm - 1 9/16 in) 11 Fir covering (s: 19 mm - 3/4 in)

7 12

12 XYLOFON 13 Fastening system:

HBS 8 x 240 mm, 300 mm (11 3/4 in) spacing TITAN SILENT 1000 mm (40 in) spacing

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION STRATIGRAFIA D TIROLO_Ln L’nT (dB) 80

L’nT,w (Cl) = 45 (2) dB

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

f (Hz)

L’nT

[Hz]

[dB]

61,8

61,3

100

58,7

125

160

200

50,9

250

49,5

315

47,7

400

42,4

500

40,5

630

38,5

800

38,3

1000

35,5

1250

32,7

1600

31,1

2000

28,9

2500

26,6

3150

22,4

4000

17,6

5000

11,4

NIRS = 61

Testing laboratory: INGENIEURBÜRO ROTHBACHER GmbH. Test protocol: 17-466.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 81

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT WALL 8

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

WALL Surface = 9,6 m2 Receiving room volume = 67 m3

Resilient plasterboard connectors (s: 60 mm - 2 3/8 in) Plasterboard panel x2 (s: 25 mm - 1 in) 3 Metal structure with plasterboard (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 4 Low density mineral wool insulation (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 5 CLT (s: 100 mm - 4 in) 6 High density mineral wool insulation (s: 30 mm - 1 3/16 in) 7 CLT (s: 100 mm - 4 in) 8 Low density mineral wool insulation (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 9 Metal structure with plasterboard (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 10 Plasterboard panel x2 (s: 25 mm - 1 in) 11 Resilient plasterboard connectors (s: 60 mm - 2 3/8 in) 12 XYLOFON 13 Fastening system: HBS 8 x 240 mm, 500 (20 in) mm spacing WBR 100, 1000 (40 in) mm spacing 1

9 5

7 10

2 1

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 100

R’w (C;Ctr) = 66 (-3; -9) dB Responsible for measurements: University of Bologna. Test protocol: test 26/09/2017.

82 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

FSTC = 67

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

6,9

22,7

36,6

100

41,9

125

45,2

160

44,0

200

52,1

250

55,0

315

61,5

400

66,3

500

69,3

630

72,5

800

74,4

1000

76,4

1250

78,1

1600

≥ 82,6

2000

≥ 84,9

2500

≥ 83,0

3150

≥ 77,6

4000

≥ 83,6

5000

≥ 88,7

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT WALL 8

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

FLOOR SLAB Surface = 9,6 m2 Receiving room volume = 67 m3

9 5

7 10

2 1

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION DnT (dB) 100

DnT,w (C;Ctr) = 70 (-3;-9) dB

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

DnT

[Hz]

[dB]

10,4

26,2

40,1

100

45,4

125

48,7

160

47,5

200

55,6

250

58,5

315

65,0

400

69,8

500

72,8

630

76,0

800

77,9

1000

79,9

1250

81,6

1600

≥ 86,1

2000

≥ 88,4

2500

≥ 86,5

3150

≥ 81,1

4000

≥ 87,1

5000

≥ 92,2

f (Hz)

FSTC = 67

Responsible for measurements: University of Bologna. Test protocol: test 26/09/2017.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 83

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 8

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

FLOOR SLAB Surface = 26 m2 Receiving room volume = 67 m3 Floor (s: 15 mm - 9/16 in) Concrete screed (2400 kg/m3) (s: 65 mm - 2 9/16 in) 3 BARRIER SD150 4 Mineral wool insulation s' ≤ 10 MN/m3 (110 kg/m3) (s: 30 mm - 1 3/16 in) 5 EPS insulation (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 6 Gravel fill (s: 45 mm - 1 3/4 in) 7 CLT (s: 160 mm - 6 1/4 in) 8 Resilient plasterboard connectors (s: 60 mm - 2 3/8 in) 9 Metal structure with plasterboard (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 10 Air chamber (s: 10 mm - 3/8 in) 11 Low density mineral wool insulation (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 12 Plasterboard panel (s: 12,5 mm - 1/2 in) 13 XYLOFON 14 Fastening system: HBS 8 x 240 mm, 500 mm (20 in) spacing WBR 100, 1000 (40 in) mm spacing 1

1 2

4 13

5 6

7 11

STRATIGRAFIA F STORA_R’ AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R’ (dB) 100

R’w (C;Ctr) = 62 (-1; -8) dB Responsible for measurements: University of Bologna. Test protocol: test 26/09/2017.

84 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

f (Hz)

FSTC = 63

R’

[Hz]

[dB]

18,0

18,9

21,9

100

37,9

125

41,2

160

45,5

200

49,4

250

51,5

315

53,9

400

56,7

500

68,2

630

69,8

800

74,1

1000

78,0

1250

80,7

1600

83,0

2000

84,0

2500

79,9

3150

78,9

4000

83,0

5000

≥ 87,2

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 8

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

FLOOR SLAB Surface = 26 m2 Receiving room volume = 67 m3 Floor (s: 15 mm - 9/16 in) Concrete screed (2400 kg/m3) (s: 65 mm - 2 9/16 in) 3 BARRIER 100 4 Mineral wool insulation s’ ≤ 10 MN/m3 (110 kg/m3) (s: 30 mm - 1 3/16 in) 5 EPS insulation (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 6 Gravel fill (s: 45 mm - 1 3/4 in) 7 CLT (s: 160 mm - 6 1/4 in) 8 Resilient plasterboard connectors (s: 60 mm - 2 3/8 in) 9 Metal structure with plasterboard (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 10 Air chamber (s: 10 mm - 3/8 in) 11 Low density mineral wool insulation (s: 50 mm - 2 in) 12 Plasterboard panel (s: 12,5 mm - 1/2 in) 13 XYLOFON 14 Fastening system: HBS 8 x 240 mm, 500 mm (20 in) spacing WBR 100, 1000 (40 in) mm spacing 1

1 2

4 13

5 6

7 11 12

STRATIGRAFIA F STORA_Dn AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION62 DnT (dB) 100

DnT,w (C;Ctr) = 62 (-2;-9) dB

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

DnT

[Hz]

[dB]

20,9

20,4

18,8

100

35,0

125

39,8

160

43,5

200

51,6

250

54,4

315

56,7

400

57,4

500

67,1

630

69,2

800

73,6

1000

76,4

1250

79,6

1600

82,4

2000

83,4

2500

78,8

3150

78,3

4000

82,5

5000

≥ 86,9

f (Hz)

FSTC = 63

Responsible for measurements: University of Bologna. Test protocol: test 26/09/2017.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 85

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 8

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-2

1 2

4 13

5 6

7 11

STRATIGRAFIA STORA_L’n IMPACT SOUND F INSULATION L’n (dB) 100

L’n,w (Cl) = 50 (1;) dB Responsible for measurements: University of Bologna. Test protocol: test 26/09/2017.

86 | XYLOFON | XYLOFON

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

IIC = 58

f (Hz)

L’n

[Hz]

[dB]

77,7

69,8

65,2

100

62,0

125

57,6

160

56,4

200

56,7

250

54,9

315

53,1

400

50,9

500

47,0

630

45,4

800

44,1

1000

43,7

1250

42,2

1600

36,7

2000

32,0

2500

30,8

3150

26,8

4000

19,5

5000

17,1

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 8

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-2

1 2

4 13

5 6

7 11 12

STRATIGRAFIA F STORA_L’nT IMPACT SOUND INSULATION L’nT (dB)

100

L’nT,w (Cl) = 47 (1) dB

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

L’nT

[Hz]

[dB]

74,3

66,5

61,9

100

58,7

125

54,3

160

53,1

200

53,4

250

51,6

315

49,8

400

47,6

500

43,7

630

42,1

800

40,8

1000

40,3

1250

38,9

1600

33,4

2000

28,7

2500

27,5

3150

23,5

4000

16,1

5000

13,8

f (Hz)

AIIC = 58

Responsible for measurements: University of Bologna. Test protocol: test 26/09/2017.

XYLOFON | XYLOFON | 87

ACOUSTIC AND MECHANICAL INTERACTION ACOUSTIC - MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF TITAN SILENT dB dB

The TITAN SILENT system has been tested in order to determine its mechanical and acoustic behaviour. The experimental campaigns carried out within the Seismic-Rev project and in collaboration with multiple research institutes, have shown how the characteristics of the resilient profile influence the mechanical performance of the connection. From an acoustic point of view, with the Flanksound project, it has been demonstrated that the ability to dampen vibrations through the joint is strongly influenced by the type and number of connections.

Hz Hz F

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION: MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR Within the Seismic-Rev project, in collaboration with the University of Trento and the Institute for BioEconomy (IBE - San Michele all'Adige), an investigation project was launched to evaluate the mechanical behaviour of TITAN angle brackets used in combination with different soundproofing profiles. FIRST LABORATORY PHASE Monotonic shear tests were carried out, in the first experimental phase, using linear loading procedures in displacement control, aimed at evaluating the variation in ultimate strength and stiffness oﬀered by the TTF200 connection with LBA Ø4 x 60 mm nails.

Test samples: CLT panels TITAN TTF200 angle bracket

NUMERIC MODELLING The results of the preliminary investigation campaign highlighted the importance of carrying out more accurate analyses of the influence of acoustic profiles on the mechanical behaviour of TTF200 and TTN240 metal angle brackets in terms of overall strength and stiffness. For this reason it was decided to carry out further evaluations by means of finite element numerical modelling, starting from the behaviour of the individual nail. In the case under study, the influence of three diﬀerent resilient profiles were analyzed: XYLOFON 35 (6 mm), ALADIN STRIPE SOFT (5 mm) and ALADIN STRIPE EXTRA SOFT (7 mm).

Tx deformation [mm] for induced displacement 8 mm

88 | ACOUSTIC AND MECHANICAL INTERACTION | XYLOFON

SECOND LABORATORY PHASE Laboratory tests were carried out at this phase in accordance with requirements of EN 26891. The TITAN SILENT mock-up, assembled with different TITAN angle brackets in combination with the resilient profile XYLOFON 35 (6 mm), have been brought to failure to investigate the maximum load, the load at 15 mm and the relative displacements, without load influence and therefore crushing effects on the acoustic profile (maximum gap between the plate and the timber panel).

Test samples: 5-layer CLT panels TITAN angle brackets with full fastening TTF200 - TTN240 - TTS240 - TTV240 XYLOFON 35 resilient profile

VARIATION OF MECHANICAL SHEAR STRENGTH AS A FUNCTION OF SOUNDPROOFING PROFILE The comparison of the results between the different configurations analysed is reported in terms of load variation at 15 mm displacement (F15 mm) and elastic stiffness at 5 mm (Ks,5 mm).

TITAN TTF200 sp

F15 mm ΔF15 mm K5 mm

[mm]

[kN]

TTF200

68,4

9,55

TTF200 + ALADIN STRIPE SOFT red.*

59,0

-14 %

8.58

-10 %

TTF200 + ALADIN STRIPE EXTRA SOFT red.*

56,4

-18 %

8.25

-14 %

TTF200 + ALADIN STRIPE SOFT

55,0

-20 %

7.98

-16 %

TTF200 + XYLOFON PLATE

54,3

-21 %

7,79

-18 %

TTF200 + ALADIN STRIPE EXTRA SOFT

47,0

-31 %

7,30

-24 %

TTF200 + XYLOFON PLATE - test 003

54,2

-21 %

5,49

-43 %

configurations

ΔK5 mm

F [kN] 90

[kN/mm]

80 70

60 50

40 30

20 10

* Reduced thickness: reduced profile height due to the trapezoidal section and consequent crushing induced by the head of the nail during operation.

25 δ [mm]

TITAN TTN240 configurations

F15 mm ΔF15 mm K5 mm

[mm]

[kN]

ΔK5 mm

F [kN] 90

[kN/mm]

TTN240

71,9

9,16

TTN2400 + ALADIN STRIPE SOFT red.*

64,0

-11 %

8,40

-8 %

TTN240 + ALADIN STRIPE EXTRA SOFT red.*

61,0

-15 %

8.17

-11 %

TTN240 + ALADIN STRIPE SOFT

59,0

-18 %

8,00

-13 %

TTN240 + XYLOFON PLATE

58,0

-19 %

7,81

-15 %

TTN240 + ALADIN STRIPE EXTRA SOFT

53,5

-26 %

7.47

-18 %

TTN240 + XYLOFON PLATE - test 001

61,5

-15%

6,19

-32%

* Reduced thickness: reduced profile height due to the trapezoidal section and consequent crushing induced by the head of the nail during operation.

60 50

40 30

20 10

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS The results obtained show a reduction in the strength and stiffness of the devices following the interposition of the soundproofing profiles. This variation is highly dependent on the thickness of the profile. In order to limit the reduction of strength it is necessary to adopt profiles with real thickness of approximately 6 mm or less.

XYLOFON | ACOUSTIC AND MECHANICAL INTERACTION | 89

SHEAR AND TENSILE STRENGTH OF NINO AND TITAN SILENT CERTIFIED IN ETA Not only experimental tests, but also values certified by independent assessment bodies that certify the performance characteristics of non-standard construction products.

TITAN The strength of TITAN coupled with XYLOFON PLATE below the horizontal flange was calculated from the load-carrying capacity of nails or screws according to "Blaß, H.J. und Laskewitz, B. (2000); Load-Carrying Capacity of Joints with Dowel-Type fasteners and Interlayers.", conservatively neglecting the profile stiffness. Being an innovative angle bracket and one of the first certified on the market, a highly conservative approach was chosen and XYLOFON was simulated as an equivalent air layer. The angular capacity is therefore largely underestimated.

fastening ANGLE BRACKET

type

TTN240 + XYLOFON PLATE TTS240 + XYLOFON PLATE TTF200 + XYLOFON PLATE

ØxL

F2/3,Rk

[mm]

[pcs]

[kN]

LBA nails

4 x 60

24,8

LBS screws

5 x 50

22,8

HBS PLATE screws

8 x 80

12,5

LBA nails

4 x 60

17,2

LBS screws

5 x 50

15,8

TIMBER-TO-TIMBER FASTENING PATTERN TTN240

TTS240 36 LBA nails/LBS screws

14 LBA nails/LBS screws

36 LBA nails/LBS screws

14 LBA nails/LBS screws

TTF200 30 LBA nails/LBS screws

30 LBA nails/LBS screws

Discover the complete TITAN range on our website or request the catalogue from your salesman. www.rothoblaas.com

90 | SHEAR AND TENSILE STRENGTH OF NINO AND TITAN SILENT CERTIFIED IN ETA | XYLOFON

NINO The strength of NINO coupled with XYLOFON PLATE was defined through a series of experimental tests carried out in collaboration with the Institute for BioEconomy (CNR-IBE in San Michele all'Adige). This made it possible to increase the technical know-how and refine the assessment method, thus obtaining resistances that take into account the real behaviour of the angle bracket. fastening ANGLE BRACKET

type

NINO100100 + XYLOFON PLATE NINO15080 + XYLOFON PLATE NINO100200 + XYLOFON PLATE

LBA nails

ØxL

n VGS Ø9

[mm]

[pcs]

4 x 60

F1,Rk

F2/3,Rk

[kN]

34,6

LBS screws

5 x 50

16,9

LBA nails

4 x 60

37,2

34,6

LBS screws

5 x 50

37,2

25,5

LBA nails

4 x 60

41,2

18,7

LBS screws

5 x 50

41,2

17,2

TIMBER-TO-TIMBER FASTENING PATTERN NINO100100

14 LBA nails/LBS screws

2 VGS screws Ø9 13 LBA nails/LBS screws

NINO15080 PATTERN 1 Monotonic tensile test (F1) on NINO15080 in timber-to-timber configuration. 21 LBA nails/LBS screws

3 VGS screws Ø9 13 LBA nails/LBS screws

PATTERN 1 NINO100200 20 LBA nails/LBS screws

3 VGS screws Ø9

Monotonic shear test (F2/3) on NINO15080 in timber-to-timber configuration.

11 LBA nails/LBS screws

Discover the complete NINO range on our website or request the catalogue from your salesman. www.rothoblaas.com

XYLOFON | SHEAR AND TENSILE STRENGTH OF NINO AND TITAN SILENT CERTIFIED IN ETA | 91

MECHANICAL INTERACTION AND FRICTION For Rothoblaas, identifying the mechanical behaviour of solutions used in wood structures is a subject that doesn’t allow for compromise. In this view, two research projects were developed in cooperation with two Austrian universities: Technische Universität Graz in Graz and Fakultät für Technische Wissenschaften in Innsbruck.

MECHANICAL INTERACTION XYLOFON AND HBS PARTIAL THREAD SCREWS Having investigated the influence of the resilient profile on the mechanical strengths of the shear angle brackets (TITAN), the behaviour of partially threaded screws was investigated in the same context.

XYLOFON WOOD FRICTION With the University of Graz, the goal was to characterise the static friction coefficient between wood and XYLOFON. In particular, XYLOFON profiles of various shores, combining different timber species. CLT elements (5 layers with 20 mm thick planks) made of spruce, classified as a soft wood, and of birch, from the semi-hardwood family, were used for the test setups. In addition to investigating the various wood types, an attempt was also made to understand how wood humidity influences the friction coefficient. Below are some example values obtained from the tests performed on XYLOFON 70. An additional variable was then considered, representing the vertical load acting upon the acoustic profiles, reproduced in the test through a pre-load induced on the CLT panel system being evaluated.

The test completes the investigation into the characterisation of acoustic behaviour under static and/or mechanical stress. The image below shows the test set-up used for the research. It was decided to investigate various XYLOFON shores, also in order to understand how much the hardness of the material affects the variation in the resistance and stiffness to shearing of the connection with partial thread screws.

FRICTION COEFFICIENT Fn = 5 kN

0,65

Fn = 25 kN

Fn = 40 kN

0,60 0,55 0,50 0,45 0,40

µmean = 0,514

µmean = 0,492

µmean = 0,556

µmean = 0,542

µmean = 0,476

µmean = 0,492

WOOD HUMIDIT Y [%]

For each configuration, graphs demonstrating the movement/friction coefficient µ were plotted, to understand to what degree it is useful to consider the contribution of friction for static purposes.

Through experimental testing and analytical approaches, the mechanical and deformation performance of connections between CLT panels — made with 8x280 HBS screws installed with/without XYLOFON WASHER separating washers — was analysed with and without the use of resilient, intermediate XYLOFON35 decoupling profiles. 80 70

FRICTION COEFFICIENT

0,91729

0.8

50 Fmean [kN]

1.0

40 30 20

0.6

T-T 0kN T-X 0kN T-X-W 0kN

0.4

T-T 30kN T-X 30kN T-X-W 30kN

0 0

Displacement [mm]

0.2 0.0

0.0

92 | MECHANICAL INTERACTION AND FRICTION | XYLOFON

• The full scientific report on the experimental testing is available at Rothoblaas. • Experimental testing conducted in collaboration with Technische Versuchs und Forschungsanstalt (TVFA), Innsbruck.

INFLUENCE OF MECHANICAL FASTENING USING STAPLES This test had the aim of determining the influence of the staples used to fasten the XYLOFON product onto CLT panels during construction. Tests were carried out by the University of Bologna - Industrial Engineering Department, completing the tests begun during the first edition of the Flanksound Project.

TEST SETUP The measurement system consisted of a horizontal CLT panel to which two vertical panels were applied, as in the diagram (figure 1). Each panel was connected with 6 vertical HBS 8 x 240 screws and 2 TITAN SILENT TTF220 angle brackets with LBS 5 x 50 screws per side (figure 2). A strip of XYLOFON 35 resilient material was applied on the contact surface of both panels. On the left panel, the XYLOFON was fastened with staples applied in pairs stepped 20 cm, while they were not used on the panel on the right.

200

200 40

120

5 20

120

20 5 fig. 1

fig. 2

CONSIDERATIONS Given the smaller size of the panels, it was decided to use Dv,ij,n as the index, given that only geometric dimensions are used to average out the difference in vibration speed levels. Precisely due to the small size, use of Kij as the comparison parameter is not recommended, given the effect of internal resonance between the panels. The values were averaged between 125 and 1000 Hz. It is also worth remembering that the uncertainty associated with the testing method used is ±2 dB, as indicated in ISO/FDIS 12354-1:2017.

The results show that the use of staples for prefixing the resilient strip does not result in a substantial difference between the Dv,ij,n values for the same panel fixing systems.

Dvi,jn (125-1000Hz) 7,8 dB

Dvi,jn (125-1000Hz) 8,5 dB

Dv,ij,n (125-1000Hz) = 7,8 dB panel with staples

Dv,ij,n (125-1000Hz) = 8,5 dB panel without staples

XYLOFON | INFLUENCE OF MECHANICAL FASTENING USING STAPLES | 93

FIRE SAFETY IN MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS Rothoblaas participated in the research project "Fire Safe implementation of visible mass timber in tall buildings - compartment fire testing" coordinated by Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE). The project aims to perform a series of tests on CLT compartments in order to define the fire performance of timber structures and, if necessary, identify additional measures to ensure fire safety. The objectives also included the definition of protection criteria for multi-storey buildings and the verification of timber joints directly exposed to fire.

TEST SETUP For this study, five tests were performed on compartments with internal dimensions 23.0 x 22.5 x 9.0 ft (7,0 x 6,85 x 2,73 m). Four of these compartments (test 1 , 2 , 3 and 5 ) had two ventilation openings of 7.4 x 5.8 ft (2,25 x 1,78 m) resulting in an opening factor of 0.112 ft½ (0,062 m½). The remaining test ( 4 test) had six larger openings, resulting in an opening factor of 0.453 ft½ (0.25 m½), which is approximately the average of office compartment opening factors. The matrix of the tests performed is shown on the following page.

Photo of the compartment at the end of assembly, before starting the test

Photo of the compartment after switching on

The tests were stopped after 4 hours and the test is considered passed if the following requirements are fulfilled:

4h after 4 hours temperatures are below 300°C

300°C 3h

no secondary flashover after 3 hours

D. Brandon, J. Sjöström, A. Temple, E. Hallberg, F. Kahl, “Fire Safe implementation of visible mass timber in tall buildings – compartment fire testing”, RISE Report 2021:40

94 | FIRE SAFETY IN MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS | XYLOFON

Photo of the compartment during the test

MATRIX OF THE TESTS PERFORMED TEST 1 - configuration Exposed surface ceiling

100%

beam

100%

left wall

right wall

front wall

column

TEST 2 - configuration Exposed surface ceiling

100%

beam

100%

left wall

100%

right wall

100%

front wall

column

TEST 3 - configuration Exposed surface ceiling

100%

beam

100%

left wall

100%

right wall

78%

front wall

100%

column

100%

TEST 4 - configuration Exposed surface ceiling

100%

beam

100%

left wall

100%

right wall

100%

front wall

100%

column

100%

TEST 5 - configuration Exposed surface ceiling

100%

beam

100%

left wall

100%

right wall

100%

front wall

60%

column

100%

XYLOFON | FIRE SAFETY IN MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS | 95

JOINTS AND INTERFACES Various Rothoblaas sealants were used for the test, some of which were developed to improve air-tightness and/or acoustic performance. The test results show that these products are suitable for preventing the spread of fire through joints.

construction tape SPEEDY BAND

expanding tape flange head screw

EXPAND BAND

TBS

countersunk head screw

HBS

expanding tape EXPAND BAND

flange head screw

TBS

construction tape

SPEEDY BAND

expanding tape

EXPAND BAND

resilient profile XYLOFON

96 | FIRE SAFETY IN MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS | XYLOFON

XYLOFON AND FIRE Over the last few years, an architectural need to keep CLT visible for aesthetic reasons has developed. In this case, the XYLOFON product should be placed slightly set back from the wood surface, creating a shadow effect. In this configuration, XYLOFON contributes to the structure's fire resistance.

TEST JOINTS XYLOFON

To test this feature, tests were performed to characterise its airtightness and fire insulation behaviour (EI) at ETH Zürich and the Institute of Structural Engineering (IBK) & Swiss Timber Solutions AG. XYLOFON + FIRE SEALING

TEST SETUP It was decided to test both XYLOFON on its own and the product with two different flame retardant sealants. The sample was prepared by dividing a laminated panel into 4 pieces, so as to create 3 openings to accommodate the 3 different configurations: XYLOFON XYLOFON + SEALANT 1 XYLOFON + FIRE SEALING SILICONE

REAL JOINTS XYLOFON

During assembly, thermocouples were inserted to record the change in temperatures at various depths of the sample during the fire phase. Once the fire was started, the data was registered and the trend in the thermal change was tracked on a temperature/time graph, which was also compared to the standardised EN ISO curve. The graph at the right shows the temperatures recorded on the PT1, PT2, PT3, PT4 and PT5 thermocouples.

XYLOFON + FIRE SEALING

CONSIDERATIONS The test was stopped after 60 minutes of exposure to fire, based on the EN ISO standard. For all configurations tested, the temperature of the surface not exposed to fire remained approximately at room temperature, not showing any colour alteration. The opening which contained solely 100 mm XYLOFON, as predicted, showed the greatest loss of thickness due to carbonisation. The junctions with 20 mm of sealant 1 and FIRE SEALING SILICONE , together with the 100 mm XYLOFON strip showed similar temperature gradients. The presence of XYLOFON does not affect the fire behaviour of the joint.

It can be stated that the solution with 100 mm wide XYLOFON can achieve EI 60 without the need for additional flame retardant protection

XYLOFON | XYLOFON AND FIRE | 97

PIANO

TECHNICAL MANUAL

CONTENTS PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF Kij. . . . . . . . . . 106 EUROPEAN TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT (ETA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 THE CEN MODEL (EN ISO 12354). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 DETERMINING THE VIBRATION REDUCTION INDEX Kij IN TIMBER STRUCTURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

SOLUTIONS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT FLOORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | DRY FLOOR SLAB_1 . . . . . . . . . 137 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | DRY FLOOR SLAB_2. . . . . . . . . 138 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS | DRY FLOOR SLAB_2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

CONTENTS | PIANO | 101

PIANO

ETA-23/0193

RESILIENT SOUNDPROOFING PROFILE

CODES AND DIMENSIONS CODE

pcs

[mm]

[m]

[mm]

PIANOA4040

PIANOA5050

100

PIANOA6060

120

PIANOA140

140

PIANOB4040

PIANOB5050

100

PIANOB6060

120

PIANOB140

140

PIANOC080

PIANOC100

100

PIANOC120

120

PIANOC140

140

PIANOD080

PIANOD100

100

PIANOD120

120

PIANOD140

140

PIANOE080

PIANOE100

100

PIANOE120

120

PIANOE140

140

Mechanical performance and elastic behaviour tested according to ETA • elastic response of the profile applied in buildings • elastic response of the profile as vibration damping

Anti-vibration

100

PIANO dampens vibrations in both static and dynamic conditions due to its ability to absorb and

0,1

0,01

0,025

page 10

dissipate the energy of the system. • application with static loads (e.g. buildings) • application with dynamic loads (e.g. machines, bridges)

page 12

Kij values entered in ETA Kij tested for all hardness values and with appropriate fastening system

page 36

Δl,ij > 4 dB Lightweight floors PIANO A was tested in combination with the ribbing strips of the lightweight floors. Measured improvement 7 dB. 102 | PIANO | PIANO

page 40

PRODUCT COMPARISON thickness

acoustic improvement Δl,ij(1)

elastic modulus in compression Ec

PIANO A

6 mm

> 4 dB

0,23 N/mm2

PIANO B

6 mm

> 4 dB

1,08 N/mm2

PIANO C

6 mm

> 4 dB

7,92 N/mm2

PIANO D

6 mm

> 4 dB

22,1 N/mm2

PIANO E

6 mm

> 4 dB

24,76 N/mm2

products

LEGEND: load for acoustic optimisation compression at 3 mm deformation (ultimate limit state)

104 | PIANO | PIANO

dynamic elastic modulus E’5Hz - E’50Hz

damping factor tanδ5Hz - tanδ50Hz

acoustic load / maximum applied load(2) 0

acoustic load [N/mm 2]

0,008 0,5 N/mm2 - 0,5 N/mm2

0,052

0,186 - 0,238 maximum applied load [N/mm 2]

0,008

0,15

acoustic load [N/mm 2]

0,04 1,75 N/mm2 - 2,07 N/mm2

0,286

0,308 - 0,372 maximum applied load [N/mm 2]

0,04

0,85

acoustic load [N/mm 2]

0,26 9,35 N/mm2 - 11,61 N/mm2

1,4

0,272 - 0,306 maximum applied load [N/mm 2]

0,26

12,07

acoustic load [N/mm 2]

1,2 20,3 N/mm2 - 25,81 N/mm2

2,28

0,297 - 0,349 maximum applied load [N/mm 2]

1,2

16,9

acoustic load [N/mm 2]

1,8 54,8 N/mm2 - 67,08 N/mm2

3,2

0,243 - 0,253 maximum applied load [N/mm 2]

1,8

17,07

(1) Δ

l,ij = Kij,with - Kij,without. (2)The reported load ranges here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression.

PIANO | PIANO | 105

PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF KIJ DESIGNING THE CORRECT PROFILE ACCORDING TO THE LOAD Resilient profiles must be correctly loaded in order to isolate the low to medium frequencies of structurally transmitted vibrations: guidance on how to proceed with the evaluation of the product are given below. It is advisable to add the permanent load value at 50% of the characteristic value of the accidental load.

Qlinear = qgk + 0,5 qvk It is necessary to focus on the operating conditions and not the ultimate limit state conditions. This is because the goal is to insulate the building from noise during normal operating conditions and not during design limit states.

PRODUCT SELECTION The product can also be selected using the application tables (see for example the following table for PIANO).

106 | PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF Kij | PIANO

DETERMINATION OF PERFORMANCE

100

-13 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40

5,26

Then the transmission graph is used, placing the value 5,26 obtained on the x-axis and intersecting the degree of the transmission curve. It follows that the transmission of the material is negative i.e. that the material is able to insulate around -13 dB.

10 5 0 -5

transmission = f/f0 = 5,26

load [N/mm2]

transmission [dB]

0,1

At this point, the degree of transmission for the product under these load conditions can be calculated, referring to the design frequency of 100 Hz.

0,1

0,025

Suppose there is a load of 0,025 N/mm2 acting on the profile. In this case, we used the PIANO A product, because the load is not particularly high. Reading the graph, it can be seen that the profile has a resonance frequency of around 19 Hz.

natural frequency [Hz]

0,01

f / f0

attenuation [%]

100

The graph is used by placing the calculated value of 5,26 on the x-axis and intersecting the attenuation curve. It follows that the material's attenuation is optimal, i.e., the material can isolate more than 95 % of the transmission.

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

5,26

attenuation = f/f0 = 5,26

100 95

f / f0

PIANO | PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF Kij | 107

Considering the intended use of PIANO, the dynamic elastic modulus and damping factor must be determined in compression (there would be no point in defining them according to other deformation methods). Dynamic elastic modulus and damping factor are measured under dynamic conditions and are relevant for vibration reduction in service equipment or other vibration sources.

In buildings, PIANO is subject to static and quasi-static loading, so the dynamic elastic modulus is not as representative of the product's actual behaviour. Tests show that profile friction could affect the elastic modulus value, and that is why it is necessary to always perform measurements with and without a lubricant to have a value that is independent of boundary conditions (without friction) and a value that is representative of the in situ operating conditions (with friction).

108 | EUROPEAN TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT (ETA) | PIANO

Fd Df

In the European Technical Assessment, the results are expressed clearly to avoid ambiguity in the configuration.

STRESS AND DEFORMATION IN COMPRESSION From a static point of view, it is important to provide the compressive stress according to the deformation (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm compression) so as to limit the maximum deformation and possible structural failure. Resilient profiles are subjected to constant loading during their working life, so it is important to estimate the long-term behaviour for both static reasons (to avoid differential failure in the structure) and acoustic reasons (a flattened resilient strip does not have the same elastic response and consequently the acoustic performance declines).

For the same reason, it is important to assess the final thickness of the product after compression for a given time and after a recovery period.

Rothoblaas has invested in the development of solutions that follow a multidisciplinary approach and take into account the real conditions of the construction site. Laboratory measurements, static tests and moisture control checks allow the designer to benefit from real performance data and not just theoretical values that have limited practical applications.

PIANO | EUROPEAN TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT (ETA) | 109

PIANO A TABLE OF USE(1) B

CODE

PIANOA4040 PIANOA5050 PIANOA6060 PIANOA140

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m]

[mm]

from

0,64

4,16

40 (divided)

0,32

2,08

100

0,8

5,2

50 (divided)

0,4

2,6

120

0,96

6,24

60 (divided)

0,48

3,12

140

1,12

7,28

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] from

from

compression at 3 mm deformation (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2]

0,008

0,052

0,2

1,35

0,15

deformation [mm]

(1) The reported load ranges here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression. It is possible to use profiles with loads

outside the indicated range if the resonance frequency of the system and the deformation of the profile at the ultimate limit state are assessed. (2)Resilient profiles must be properly loaded in order to isolate medium/low frequency vibrations transmitted structurally. It is advisable to assess the load according to

the operating conditions because the building must be acoustically insulated under everyday load conditions (add the value of the permanent load to 50 per cent of the characteristic value of the incidental load Q linear = qgk + 0.5 qvk).

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Acoustic improvement Δl,ij(3)

ISO 10848

> 4 dB

Elastic modulus in compression Ec (without friction Ec,lubricant)

ISO 844

0,23 MPa (0,19 MPa)

Dynamic elastic modulus E’1Hz - E’’1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,4 - 0.07 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’5Hz - E’’5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,50 - 0.08 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’10Hz - E’’10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,5 - 0.09 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’50Hz - E’’50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,5 - 0.13 MPa

Damping factor tan δ1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,177

Damping factor tan δ5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,186

Damping factor tan δ10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,192

Damping factor tan δ50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,238

Creep Δε/ε1

ISO 8013/ ISO 16534

0,24

Compression set c.s.

ISO 1856

26,4%

Compression at 1 mm deformation σ 1mm

ISO 844

0,04 N/mm2

Compressive stress at 2 mm strain σ 2mm

ISO 844

0,08 N/mm2

Compressive stress at 3 mm strain σ3mm

ISO 844

0,15 N/mm2

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Water absorption after 48h

ISO 62

4,25%

(3) Δ

l,ij = Kij,with - Kij,without.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : > 4 dB Maximum applicable load (deformation 3 mm):

0,15 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 0,008 to 0,052 N/ mm2 110 | PIANO | PIANO

STATIC LOAD (buildings)

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

1 10

0,01

100

0,1

100

0,1

d (%) Deformation [%]

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,01

Load [N/mm2]

(N/mm2)

(N/mm )

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

d (%) Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 10

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

100

f (Hz)

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

PIANO | PIANO | 111

DYNAMIC LOAD

5 Hz

(machines and vibration)

100

1 10

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 6 Hz.

112 | PIANO | PIANO

100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

DYNAMIC LOAD

50 Hz

(machines and vibration)

100

1 10

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 6 Hz.

PIANO | PIANO | 113

PIANO B TABLE OF USE(1) B

CODE

PIANOB4040 PIANOB5050 PIANOB6060 PIANOA140

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m]

[mm]

from

3,2

21,6

40 (divided)

1,6

10,8

100

50 (divided)

13,5

120

4,8

32,4

60 (divided)

2,4

16,2

140

5,6

37,8

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] from

from

compression at 3 mm deformation (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2]

0,04

0,27

0,2

1,49

0,85

deformation [mm]

(1) The reported load ranges here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression. It is possible to use profiles with loads

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Acoustic improvement Δl,ij(3)

ISO 10848

> 4 dB

Elastic modulus in compression Ec (without friction Ec,lubricant)

ISO 844

1,08 MPa (1,08 MPa)

Dynamic elastic modulus E’1Hz - E’’1Hz

ISO 4664-1

1,54 - 0.42 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’5Hz - E’’5Hz

ISO 4664-1

1,75 - 0.55 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’10Hz -E’’10Hz

ISO 4664-1

1,87 - 0.59 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’50Hz -E’’50Hz

ISO 4664-1

2,07 - 0.79 MPa

Damping factor tan δ1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,270

Damping factor tan δ5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,308

Damping factor tan δ10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,314

Damping factor tan δ50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,372

Creep Δε/ε1

ISO 8013/ ISO 16534

0,34

Compression set c.s.

ISO 1856

37,5%

Compression at 1 mm deformation σ 1mm

ISO 844

0,14 N/mm2

Compressive stress at 2 mm strain σ 2mm

ISO 844

0,31 N/mm2

Compressive stress at 3 mm strain σ3mm

ISO 844

0,85 N/mm2

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Water absorption after 48h

ISO 62

1,50%

(3) Δ

l,ij = Kij,with - Kij,without.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : > 4 dB Maximum applicable load (deformation 3 mm):

0,85 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 0,04 to 0,27 N/mm2 114 | PIANO | PIANO

STATIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

(buildings)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

PIANO | PIANO | 115

DYNAMIC LOAD

5 Hz

(machines and vibration)

100

1 10

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 6 Hz.

116 | PIANO | PIANO

100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

DYNAMIC LOAD

50 Hz

(machines and vibration)

100

1 10

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 6 Hz.

PIANO | PIANO | 117

PIANO C TABLE OF USE(1) CODE

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m]

[mm]

from

PIANOC080

9,6

112

PIANOC100

100

140

PIANOC120

120

14,4

168

PIANOC140

140

16,8

196

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] from

from

compression at 3 mm deformation (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2]

0,12

1,4

0,12

0,63

9,23

deformation [mm]

(1) The reported load ranges here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression. It is possible to use profiles with loads

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Acoustic improvement Δl,ij(3)

ISO 10848

> 4 dB

Elastic modulus in compression Ec (without friction Ec,lubricant)

ISO 844

7,92 MPa (3,67 MPa)

Dynamic elastic modulus E’1Hz - E’’1Hz

ISO 4664-1

8,35 - 2.15 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’5Hz - E’’5Hz

ISO 4664-1

9,35 - 2.55 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’10Hz -E’’10Hz

ISO 4664-1

9,91 - 2.81 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’50Hz -E’50Hz

ISO 4664-1

11,61 - 3.56 MPa

Damping factor tan δ1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,258

Damping factor tan δ5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,272

Damping factor tan δ10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,283

Damping factor tan δ50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,306

Creep Δε/ε1

ISO 8013/ ISO 16534

0,18

Compression set c.s.

ISO 1856

11,95%

Compression at 1 mm deformation σ 1mm

ISO 844

1,50 N/mm2

Compressive stress at 2 mm strain σ 2mm

ISO 844

3,55 N/mm2

Compressive stress at 3 mm strain σ3mm

ISO 844

9,23 N/mm2

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Water absorption after 48h

ISO 62

<1%

(3) Δ

l,ij = Kij,with - Kij,without.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : > 4 dB Maximum applicable load (deformation 3 mm):

12,07 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 0,12 to 1,4 N/mm2 118 | PIANO | PIANO

STATIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

(buildings)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

PIANO | PIANO | 119

DYNAMIC LOAD

5 Hz

(machines and vibration)

100

1 10

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 6 Hz.

120 | PIANO | PIANO

100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

DYNAMIC LOAD

50 Hz

(machines and vibration)

100

1 10

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 6 Hz.

PIANO | PIANO | 121

PIANO D TABLE OF USE(1) CODE

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m]

[mm]

from

PIANOD080

182,4

PIANOD100

100

120

228

PIANOD120

120

144

273,6

PIANOD140

140

168

319,2

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] from

from

compression at 3 mm deformation (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2]

1,2

2,28

0,33

0,62

16,9

deformation [mm]

(1) The reported load ranges here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression. It is possible to use profiles with loads

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Acoustic improvement Δl,ij(3)

ISO 10848

> 4 dB

Elastic modulus in compression Ec (without friction Ec,lubricant)

ISO 844

22,10 MPa (7,92 MPa)

Dynamic elastic modulus E’1Hz - E’’1Hz

ISO 4664-1

18,23 - 4.97 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’5Hz - E’’5Hz

ISO 4664-1

20,30 - 6.03 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’10Hz - E’’10Hz

ISO 4664-1

21,62 - 6.71 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’50Hz - E’’50Hz

ISO 4664-1

25,81 - 9.01 MPa

Damping factor tan δ1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,273

Damping factor tan δ5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,297

Damping factor tan δ10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,31

Damping factor tan δ50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,349

Creep Δε/ε1

ISO 8013/ ISO 16534

0,45

Compression set c.s.

ISO 1856

14,75%

Compression at 1 mm deformation σ 1mm

ISO 844

4,40 N/mm2

Compressive stress at 2 mm strain σ 2mm

ISO 844

10,49 N/mm2

Compressive stress at 3 mm strain σ3mm

ISO 844

16,9 N/mm2

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Water absorption after 48h

ISO 62

<1%

(3) Δ

l,ij = Kij,with - Kij,without.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : > 4 dB Maximum applicable load (deformation 3 mm):

16,9 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 1,2 to 2,28 N/mm2 122 | PIANO | PIANO

STATIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

(buildings)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

PIANO | PIANO | 123

DYNAMIC LOAD

5 Hz

(machines and vibration)

100

1 10

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 6 Hz.

124 | PIANO | PIANO

100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

DYNAMIC LOAD

50 Hz

(machines and vibration)

100

1 10

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 6 Hz.

PIANO | PIANO | 125

PIANO E TABLE OF USE(1) CODE

load for acoustic optimisation(2) [kN/m]

[mm]

from

PIANOE080

144

256

PIANOE100

100

180

320

PIANOE120

120

216

384

PIANOE140

140

252

448

compression for acoustic optimisation(2) [N/mm2] from

from

compression at 3 mm deformation (ultimate limit state) [N/mm2]

1,8

3,2

0,44

0,77

17,07

deformation [mm]

(1) The reported load ranges here are optimised with respect to the acoustic and static behaviour of the material in compression. It is possible to use profiles with loads

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Acoustic improvement Δl,ij(3)

ISO 10848

> 4 dB

Elastic modulus in compression Ec (without friction Ec,lubricant)

ISO 844

24,76 MPa (12,03 MPa)

Dynamic elastic modulus E’1Hz - E’’1Hz

ISO 4664-1

48,83 - 11.99 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’5Hz - E’’5Hz

ISO 4664-1

54,80 - 13.24 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’10Hz - E’’10Hz

ISO 4664-1

58,35 - 14.04 MPa

Dynamic elastic modulus E’50Hz - E’’50Hz

ISO 4664-1

67,08 - 16.85 MPa

Damping factor tan δ1Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,247

Damping factor tan δ5Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,243

Damping factor tan δ10Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,242

Damping factor tan δ50Hz

ISO 4664-1

0,253

Creep Δε/ε1

ISO 8013/ ISO 16534

0,24

Compression set c.s.

ISO 1856

42,08%

Compression at 1 mm deformation σ 1mm

ISO 844

3,81 N/mm2

Compressive stress at 2 mm strain σ 2mm

ISO 844

8,36 N/mm2

Compressive stress at 3 mm strain σ3mm

ISO 844

17,07 N/mm2

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Water absorption after 48h

ISO 62

<1%

(3) Δ

l,ij = Kij,with - Kij,without.

PERFORMANCE Acoustic improvement tested:

Δl,ij(3) : > 4 dB Maximum applicable load (deformation 3 mm):

17,07 N/mm2 Acoustic service load:

from 1,8 to 3,2 N/mm2 126 | PIANO | PIANO

STATIC LOAD

100

1 1

Load [N/mm2]

0,1

Deformation [%]

0,01

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

(buildings)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

PIANO | PIANO | 127

DYNAMIC LOAD

5 Hz

(machines and vibration)

Deformation [%]

100

1 10

0,01

0,1

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 6 Hz.

128 | PIANO | PIANO

100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

DYNAMIC LOAD

Deformation [%]

100

1 1

0,01

0,1

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

50 Hz

(machines and vibration)

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 6 Hz.

PIANO | PIANO | 129

EN ISO 12354-1:2017

ISO

Airborne sound insulation between rooms.

EN ISO 12354-2:2017

Impact sound soundproofing between rooms.

The sound reduction index for flanking transmission paths Rij,w can be estimated as:

Kij

where:

RDd,w

Ri,w e Rj,w

are sound reduction evaluation indices of flanking elements i and j respectively;

ΔRi, ΔRj

are sound reduction index increases due to the installation of architectural finishes for element i in the source environment and/or element j in the receiving environment;

Kij

vibration reduction index through the joint

is the area of the separating element and lij is the length of the joint between the separating wall and the flanking elements i and j, l0 being a reference length of 1 m.

Rij,w=RFf,w

Rij,w=RFd,w Rij,w=RDf,w

R’w

ASTM & Kij

130 | THE CEN MODEL (EN ISO 12354) | PIANO

STCi 2

STCj 2

+ Kij + max(ΔSTCi ,ΔSTCi )+

min(ΔSTCi ,ΔSTCi ) 2

+ 10log

SS I0Iij

DETERMINING THE VIBRATION REDUCTION INDEX KIJ IN TIMBER STRUCTURES

METHOD 1 - CALCULATING Kijrigid Solution 1 - T-SHAPED JOINT K13= 5,7 + 14,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB K12= 5,7 + 5,7 M2 = K23 dB 1

Solution 2 - T-SHAPED JOINT with resilient layer K23= 5,7 + 14,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB K12= 5,7 + 5,7 M2 = K23 dB

Solution 3 - X-SHAPED JOINT K13= 8,7 + 17,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB K12= 8,7 + 5,7 M2 = K23 dB K24= 3,7 + 14,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB 0 ≤ K24 ≤ -4 dB

For both cases:

Kij = Kijrigid + ∆L if the flanking transmission path passes through a junction Kij = Kijrigid + 2∆L

if the flanking transmission path passes through two joints M=10log(mi /mi)

where: mi

is the mass of one of the elements, the one placed perpendicular to the other.

METHOD 2 - CALCULATING Kijrigid Solution 1 - T-SHAPED JOINT

Therefore, the transmitted vibration reduction value is: ∆Lw = 10log(1/ft) for loads exceeding 750 kN/m2 on a resilient layer with ∆Lmin = 5 dB ft = ((G/ti)(√ρ1 ρ2))1,5 where:

K13= 22 + 3,3log(f⁄fk) fk=500 Hz K23= 15 + 3,3log(f⁄fk) 1

is the Young tangential module (MN/m2)

is the thickness of the resilient material (m)

ρ1 and ρ2

are, respectively, the density of connected elements 1 and 2

Solution 1 - X-SHAPED JOINT

K13= 10 - 3,3log(f⁄fk) + 10 M K24= 23 - 3,3log(f⁄fk) fk=500 Hz K14= 18 - 3,3log(f⁄fk) 4

PIANO | PIANO | 131

THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD

A CALCULATION EXAMPLE USING EN ISO 12354

INPUT DATA The EN ISO 12354 norms provide two methods to calculate the acoustic performance of a partition: a detailed method and the simplified method.

PARTITION CHARACTERISTICS

25 mm 50 mm 75 mm 50 mm 25 mm

In order to determine the acoustic performance of assembly from the acoustic performance of its components, it is important to determine for every junction element: • the geometry of the partition (S) • the acoustic properties of the partition (Rw) • the coupling between structural elements (Kij) • the characteristics of each layer composing the partition

SEPARATING WALL S plasterboard mineral wool CLT mineral wool plasterboard

INTERNAL WALLS 1 12,5 mm 78 mm 12,5 mm

gypsum fibreboard CLT gypsum fibreboard

INTERNAL WALLS 2 75 mm 50 mm 25 mm PLAN 400 cm

400 cm

2 2

CLT mineral wool plasterboard

EXTERNAL WALLS 3

6 mm 60 mm 160 mm 90 mm 70 mm 50 mm 15 mm 25 mm

plaster wood fibre panel mineral wool CLT fir panels mineral wool plasterboard plasterboard

FLOORS 5

70 mm 0,2 mm 30 mm 50 mm 140 mm 60 mm 15 mm

concrete screed PE membrane under floor membrane backfill (loose) CLT mineral wool plasterboard

320 cm

4 4

5 5

SECTION

270 cm

7 7

400 cm

132 | THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD | PIANO

Data for acoustic characterisation of the assemblies was taken from DataHolz. www.dataholz.com

Considering only the first order transmission, there are three flanking transmission paths for each combination of assemblies i-j, for a total of 12 Rij calculated using the equation:

ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ASSEMBLIES S

m‘

[m2] 8,64

[dB] 53

[kg/m2] 69 68

Path of transmission 1

10,8

12,8

268

12,8

268

12,8

268

12,8

268

CALCULATING Rij

In the example provided, sound insulation for direct transmission gives Rw of 53 dB, if the contributions of flanking transmission are considered, R'w decreases to 51 dB.

R’w = 51 dB

Rw = 53 dB

Path of transmission

Rij

Path of transmission

Rij

1-S

[dB] 60

S-6

[dB] 83

3-S

5-S

S-8

7-S

3-4

1-2

64 77

S-2

5-6

S-4

7-8

CHARACTERISATION OF THE JOINTS JUNCTION 1-2-S X-shaped joint detail 12 JOINT 3-4-S T-shaped joint, detail 5 JOINT 5-6-S X-shaped joint with resilient profile detail 43 JOINT 7-8-S X-shaped joint with resilient profile detail 43 Download all the documentation about the project from www.rothoblaas.com

PIANO | THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD | 133

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

XYLOFON 1.1 0

0 24

STRUCTURE upper wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm) (2,4 m x 3 m) floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm) (2,4 m x 3,5 m) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm) (2,4 m x 3 m)

3000

4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150) , 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws 5 x 50 mm RESILIENT PROFILE PIANO A position: between the upper wall and the floor dimensions: width = 100 mm thickness = 6 mm length = 2,40 m contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [N/m2]: 22000 XYLOFON 1.2 100

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

13,5

19,0

13,3

13,4

15,4

17,5

17,8

14,9

19,3

18,5

24,8

26,2

22,6

20,8

21,0

21,6

K14 = 18,7 dB

Δl,14 = 4,4 dB

K14,0 = 14,4 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

15,1

18,5

13,2

10,1

14,2

12,0

13,0

10,0

13,9

10,9

15,0

15,4

16,6

17,8

18,0

20,0

K12 = 13,9 dB

Δl,12 = -0,7 dB

K12,0 = 14,6 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

15,1

25,5

23,3

22,1

17,9

20,9

17,3

16,9

21,3

25,1

30,0

32,6

30,7

31,8

31,4

31,0

K24 = 24,3 dB 134 | PIANO | PIANO

K24,0 = 20,4 dB

Δl,24 = 3,9 dB

T-JOINT | PERIMETER WALLS

EN ISO 10848-1/4

2400

STRUCTURE upper wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm) (2,4 m x 3 m) floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm) (2,4 m x 3,5 m) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm) (2,4 m x 3 m)

3000 4 1

3000 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 6 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 440 mm 2 angle brackets NINO (NINO15080) with resilient profile XYLOFON PLATE (XYL3555150) , 146 x 55 x 77 x 2,5 mm, spacing 1760 mm fastening pattern on CLT: 31 screws 5 x 50 RESILIENT PROFILE PIANO C position: between the upper wall and the floor + between the floor and the lower wall dimensions: width = 100 mm thickness = 6 mm length = 2,40 m contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [kN/m2]: 1300

100

440

100

320

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K14 [dB]

15,5

16,0

16,1

17,7

16,9

19,1

18,0

16,6

17,6

18,8

17,1

19,1

19,8

16,1

17,8

21,1

K14 = 17,6 dB

Δl,14 = 4,3 dB

K14,0 = 13,3 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

16,4

17,2

12,6

18,4

16,5

16,3

19,2

14,9

17,1

17,5

16,1

19,8

23,6

19,3

21,1

26,5

K12 = 17,6 dB

Δl,12 = 3,1 dB

K12,0 = 14,5 dB

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K24 [dB]

15,4

26,0

18,0

20,1

21,5

23,4

21,3

16,4

19,3

23,5

31,1

30,3

30,4

31,7

29,7

K24 = 23,4 dB

K24,0 = 17,3 dB

Δl,24 = 6,1 dB PIANO | PIANO | 135

SOLUTIONS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT FLOORS PIANO A is a resilient profile that works with reduced loads, which can be used to reduce vibrations even in floors with little construction mass. Its effectiveness has also been tested at the University of Innsbruck as a desolidarising profile for ribs in dry floors.

SET UP The receiving and transmitting rooms have a floor area of 21.5 m² (5.24 m lenght; 4.10 m width). The volume of the transmitting room is 53.0 m³, and the volume of the receiving room 85.0 m³.

1,60

1,26

1,60

1,01

1,26

1,01

addition of the dry system with PIANO

- 31 dB

addition of dry system without PIANO

- 7 dB

Ln,w = 84 dB

Ln,w = 53 dB

Ln,w = 60 dB

IIC = 26

IIC = 57

IIC = 50

136 | PIANO | PIANO

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | DRY FLOOR SLAB_1

MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 16283-1 FLOOR SLAB

Surface = 21,5 m2 Mass = 167 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3 1 2 3 4 1

5 2

reinforced gypsum-fibre board (44 kg/m2) (thickness: 32 mm) high density cardboard and sand panels (34,6 kg/m2) (thickness: 30 mm) PIANO A wood batten 50 x 100 mm PIANO A CLT (thickness: 160 mm)

4 5 6

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

27,2

34,7

37,9

100

27,9

125

38,7

160

39,3

200

40,8

250

41,6

315

42,2

400

45,1

500

47,7

630

49,5

800

54,6

1000

55,7

1250

60,4

1600

64,0

2000

67,1

2500

70,4

3150

68,4

4000

70,2

5000

66,5

ISO 717-1

Rw (C;Ctr) = 52 (0; -7) dB Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau Technikerstraße 13A - 602 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M02_L_220906_Balkenaufbau-Entkoppelung_oben_unten.

PIANO | PIANO | 137

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | DRY FLOOR SLAB_2

MEASUREMENT OF THE EVALUATION INDEX OF THE REDUCTION OF THE IMPACT SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL REFERENCE STANDARD ISO 10140-3 FLOOR SLAB Surface = 21,5 m2 Mass = 167 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3 1

1 2

4 5

5 6 6

reinforced gypsum-fibre board (44 kg/m2) (thickness: 32 mm) high density cardboard and sand panels (34,6 kg/m2) (thickness: 30 mm) PIANO A wood batten 50 x 100 mm PIANO A CLT (thickness: 160 mm)

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Ln (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

L’n,w,PIANO (Cl) = 53 (-1) dB

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz) ISO 717-1

IIC = 57

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau Technikerstraße 13A - 602 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M02_L_220906_Balkenaufbau-Entkoppelung_oben_unten.

138 | PIANO | PIANO

[Hz]

[dB]

57,1

62,1

57,3

100

60,8

125

58,8

160

57,2

200

58,6

250

59,4

315

58,2

400

56,6

500

49,6

630

48,4

800

41,2

1000

39,2

1250

39,0

1600

34,6

2000

29,0

2500

24,9

3150

25,4

4000

21,9

5000

13,0

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS | DRY FLOOR SLAB_2

MEASUREMENT OF THE EVALUATION INDEX OF THE REDUCTION OF THE IMPACT SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL REFERENCE STANDARD ISO 10140-3 FLOOR SLAB Surface = 21,5 m2 Mass = 167 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3

0 reinforced gypsum-fibre board (44 kg/m2) (thickness: 32 mm) 2 high density cardboard and sand panels (34,6 kg/m2) (thickness: 30 mm) 1

1 2

2 4

3 6

PIANO A wood batten 50 x 100 mm PIANO A CLT (thickness: 160 mm)

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION L n(0)

L n(1)

[Hz]

[dB]

66,1

57,1

62,3

72,1

62,1

62,7

74,1

57,3

56,2

100

76,7

60,8

68,2

125

76,8

58,8

66,7

160

78,2

57,2

66,1

200

78,9

58,6

65,4

250

81,9

59,4

63,5

315

84,5

58,2

62,6

400

84,9

56,6

59,7

500

86,2

49,6

61,8

Ln (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

Ln(0)

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

Ln(1)

CLT (thickness: 160 mm)

f (Hz)

L n(2)

630

86,1

48,4

60,5

800

86,9

41,2

58,0

1000

86,6

39,2

54,2

1250

84,1

39,0

52,5

1600

81,2

34,6

47,8

2000

75,1

29,0

45,4

2500

67,1

24,9

39,4

3150

63,5

25,4

36,9

4000

61,7

21,9

34,8

5000

59,6

13,0

27,3

Ln(2)

Dry floor without PIANO

L’n,w,0 (Cl)(0) = 84 (-4) dB

L’n,w,PIANO (Cl)(1) = 53 (-1) dB

L’n,w (Cl)(2) = 60 (-1) dB

IIC0 = 26

IIC = 57

IIC = 50

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau Technikerstraße 13A - 602 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M02_L_220906_Balkenaufbau-Entkoppelung_oben_unten.

PIANO | PIANO | 139

ALADIN

TECHNICAL MANUAL

CONTENTS PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF Kij. . . . . . . . . . 146 ALADIN EXTRA SOFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 ALADIN SOFT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 THE CEN MODEL (EN ISO 12354). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 DETERMINING THE VIBRATION REDUCTION INDEX Kij IN TIMBER STRUCTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 FLANKSOUND PROJECT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 L-SHAPED JOINT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 L-SHAPED JOINT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 L-SHAPED JOINT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

ON SITE MEASUREMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

ACOUSTIC AND MECHANICAL INTERACTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 SHEAR AND TENSILE STRENGTH TITAN + ALADIN CERTIFIED IN ETA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 ALADIN | RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INSTALLATION. . . . . . . . . 167

CONTENTS | ALADIN | 143

FLANKSOUND

ALADIN

EN ISO 10848

RESILIENT SOUNDPROOFING PROFILE

CODES AND DIMENSIONS CODE

version

pcs

[mm]

[m]

[mm]

ALADIN115

EXTRA SOFT

115

ALADIN95

SOFT

PRODUCT COMPARISON acoustic load [N/mm2] 0

ALADIN EXTRA SOFT

0,035

ALADIN SOFT

0,157

0,189

0,316

100

Anti-vibration

21 10

page 7

0,1

0,01 0,015

0,001

ALADIN dampens vibrations due to its ability to absorb and dissipate the energy of the system

FLANKSOUND PROJECT page 16

Kij measured according to ISO EN 10848

On site measurements effectiveness verified through the measurement of passive acoustic requirements in constructed buildings

page 21

Static to acoustic interaction Experimental data on the static performance of a timber-to-steel connection with ALADIN interposed

144 | ALADIN | ALADIN

page 24

PRODUCT SELECTION

The product can also be selected using the application tables (see for example the following table for ALADIN EXTRA SOFT).

To properly evaluate the product using MyProject, simply follow the step-by-step instructions provided by the software.

146 | PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF Kij | ALADIN

DETERMINATION OF PERFORMANCE

100

0,1

0,01 0,015

Suppose there is a load of 0,015 N/mm2 acting on the profile. In this case, we used the ALADIN EXTRA SOFT product, because the load is not particularly high. Reading the graph, it can be seen that the profile has a resonance frequency of around 21 Hz.

natural frequency [Hz]

0,001

load [N/mm2]

100

-11 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40

Then the transmission graph is used, placing the value 5 obtained on the x-axis and intersecting the degree of the transmission curve. It follows that the transmission of the material is negative i.e. that the material is able to insulate around -11 dB.

10 5 0 -5

transmission = f/f0 = 5

transmission [dB]

0,1

At this point, the degree of transmission for the product under these load conditions can be calculated, referring to the design frequency of 100 Hz.

f / f0

attenuation [%]

100

The graph is used by placing the calculated value of 5 on the x-axis and intersecting the attenuation curve. It follows that the material's attenuation is optimal, i.e., the material can isolate more than 93 % of the transmission.

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

attenuation = f/f0 = 5

100 93

f / f0

ALADIN | PRODUCT CHOICE AND DETERMINATION OF Kij | 147

ALADIN EXTRA SOFT TABLE OF USE load for acoustic optimisation(1) B

CODE

ALADIN115

[kN/m] [mm]

from

115

57,5 (divided)

deformation

compression for acoustic optimisation(1) [N/mm2] from to

from

0,035

0,7

[mm]

0,157

(1)Resilient profiles must be properly loaded in order to isolate medium/low frequency vibrations transmitted structurally. It is advisable to assess the load according to

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Acoustic improvement ΔL'nT,w

ISO 10848

4 dB

Dynamic stiffness s' (airtight condition)(2)

UNI 29052

76 MN/m3

Dynamic stiffness s' (non-airtight condition)(2)

UNI 29052

23 MN/m3

Density

ASTM D 297

0,50 g/cm3

Compression set 50% (22h, 23°C)

EN ISO 815

≤ 25%

Compression set 50% (22h, 40°C)

EN ISO 815

≤ 35%

Water absorption 48h

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Max processing temperature

100°C

(2)ISO standards require for measurement with loads between 0.4 and 4 kPa and not with the product operating load. The contribution of air is not calculated because

the product is extremely impermeable to air (extremely high flow resistance figures).

HIGH PERFORMANCE Soundproofing up to 4 dB in accordance with EN ISO 140-7, thanks to the innovative composition of the mixture; reduced application thickness.

148 | ALADIN EXTRA SOFT | ALADIN

STATIC LOAD (buildings)

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

1 1

0,01

Load [N/mm2] (N/mm2)

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

0,01

0,001

100

0,1

100

0,1

d (%) Deformation [%]

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,001

Load [N/mm2] (N/mm2)

TRANSMISSIBILITY

d (%) Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35

Natural frequency [Hz]

100

f (Hz)

-40

0,1

f (Hz)

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

ALADIN | ALADIN EXTRA SOFT | 149

ALADIN SOFT TABLE OF USE load for acoustic optimisation(1) B

CODE

ALADIN95

[kN/m] [mm]

from

47,5 (divided)

compression for acoustic optimisation(1) [N/mm2] from to

deformation

from

0,189

0,5

1,5

[mm]

0,316

(1)Resilient profiles must be properly loaded in order to isolate medium/low frequency vibrations transmitted structurally. It is advisable to assess the load according to

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Acoustic improvement ΔL'nT,w

ISO 10848

3 dB

Dynamic stiffness s' (airtight condition)(2)

UNI 29052

221 MN/m3

Dynamic stiffness s' (non-airtight condition)(2)

UNI 29052

115 MN/m3

Density

ASTM D 297

1,1 g/cm3

Compression set 50% (22h, 70°C)

EN ISO 815

50%

Tensile strength

EN ISO 37

≥ 9 N/mm2

Elongation at failure

EN ISO 37

≥ 500%

Water absorption 48h

<1%

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

Max processing temperature

100°C

(2)ISO standards require for measurement with loads between 0,4 and 4 kPa and not with the product operating load. The contribution of air is not calculated because

the product is extremely impermeable to air (extremely high flow resistance figures).

RELIABLE Extruded EPDM compound to optimise sound absorption. It also offers high chemical stability and is VOC-frees.

150 | ALADIN SOFT | ALADIN

STATIC LOAD (buildings)

100

1 10

0,01

0,1

Deformation [%]

Natural frequency [Hz]

0,1

DEFORMATION AND LOAD

0,01

NATURAL FREQUENCY AND LOAD

Load [N/mm2]

DEFORMATION AND NATURAL FREQUENCY

TRANSMISSIBILITY

Deformation [%]

Transmission [dB] 10 5

100

0 -5 -10 -15

-20 -25 -30 -35 100

0,1

100

Natural frequency [Hz]

-40

f / f0

ATTENUATION Attenuation [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 100

f / f0

Normalised with respect to the resonance frequency with f = 20 Hz.

ALADIN | ALADIN SOFT | 151

EN ISO 12354-1:2017

ISO

Airborne sound insulation between rooms.

EN ISO 12354-2:2017

Impact sound soundproofing between rooms.

The sound reduction index for flanking transmission paths Rij,w can be estimated as:

Kij

Kij RDd,w

where: Ri,w e Rj,w are sound reduction evaluation indices of flanking elements i and j respectively; ΔRi, ΔRj

are sound reduction index increases due to the installation of architectural finishes for element i in the source environment and/or element j in the receiving environment;

Kij

vibration reduction index through the joint

is the area of the separating element and lij is the length of the joint between the separating wall and the flanking elements i and j, l0 being a reference length of 1 m.

Rij,w=RFf,w

Rij,w=RFd,w Rij,w=RDf,w

R’w

ASTM & Kij

152 | THE CEN MODEL (EN ISO 12354) | ALADIN

STCi 2

STCj 2

+ Kij + max(ΔSTCi ,ΔSTCi )+

min(ΔSTCi ,ΔSTCi ) 2

+ 10log

SS I0Iij

DETERMINING THE VIBRATION REDUCTION INDEX KIJ IN TIMBER STRUCTURES

METHOD 1 - CALCULATING Kijrigid Solution 1 - T-SHAPED JOINT K13= 5,7 + 14,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB K12= 5,7 + 5,7 M2 = K23 dB 1

INCORPORATING OF RESILIENT LAYERS LIKE XYLOFON, PIANO, CORK AND ALADIN The MyProject software can be used during design, or follow one of the methods below, extrapolated from internationally valid standards.

Solution 2 - T-SHAPED JOINT with resilient layer K23= 5,7 + 14,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB K12= 5,7 + 5,7 M2 = K23 dB

Solution 3 - X-SHAPED JOINT K13= 8,7 + 17,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB K12= 8,7 + 5,7 M2 = K23 dB K24= 3,7 + 14,1 M + 5,7 M2 dB 0 ≤ K24 ≤ -4 dB

For both cases:

Kij = Kijrigid + ∆L if the flanking transmission path passes through a junction Kij = Kijrigid + 2∆L

if the flanking transmission path passes through two joints M=10log(mi /mi)

where: mi

is the mass of one of the elements, the one placed perpendicular to the other.

METHOD 2 - CALCULATING Kijrigid Solution 1 - T-SHAPED JOINT

Therefore, the transmitted vibration reduction value is: ∆Lw = 10log(1/ft) for loads exceeding 750 kN/m2 on a resilient layer with ∆Lmin = 5 dB ft = ((G/ti)(√ρ1 ρ2))1,5

K13= 22 + 3,3log(f⁄fk) fk=500 Hz K23= 15 + 3,3log(f⁄fk)

where: G

is the Young tangential module (MN/m2)

is the thickness of the resilient material (m)

ρ1 and ρ2

are, respectively, the density of connected elements 1 and 2

Solution 1 - X-SHAPED JOINT

K13= 10 - 3,3log(f⁄fk) + 10 M K24= 23 - 3,3log(f⁄fk) fk=500 Hz K14= 18 - 3,3log(f⁄fk) 4

ALADIN | ALADIN | 153

THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD

A CALCULATION EXAMPLE USING EN ISO 12354

INPUT DATA The EN ISO 12354 norms provide two methods to calculate the acoustic performance of a partition: a detailed method and the simplified method.

PARTITION CHARACTERISTICS

25 mm 50 mm 75 mm 50 mm 25 mm

In order to determine the acoustic performance of assembly from the acoustic performance of its components, it is important to determine for every junction element: • the geometry of the partition (S) • the acoustic properties of the assembly (Rw) • the connection between structural elements (Kij) • the characteristics of each layer composing the assembly

SEPARATING WALL S plasterboard mineral wool CLT mineral wool plasterboard

INTERNAL WALLS 1 12,5 mm 78 mm 12,5 mm

gypsum fibreboard CLT gypsum fibreboard

INTERNAL WALLS 2 75 mm 50 mm 25 mm PLAN 400 cm

400 cm

2 2

CLT mineral wool plasterboard

EXTERNAL WALLS 3

6 mm 60 mm 160 mm 90 mm 70 mm 50 mm 15 mm 25 mm

plaster wood fibre panel mineral wool CLT fir panels mineral wool plasterboard plasterboard

FLOORS 5

70 mm 0,2 mm 30 mm 50 mm 140 mm 60 mm 15 mm

concrete screed PE membrane under floor membrane backfill (loose) CLT mineral wool plasterboard

320 cm

4 4

5 5

SECTION

270 cm

7 7

400 cm

154 | THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD | ALADIN

Data for acoustic characterisation of the assemblies was taken from DataHolz. www.dataholz.com

Considering only the first order transmission, there are three flanking transmission paths for each combination of partitions i-j, for a total of 12 Rij calculated using the equation:

ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ASSEMBLIES S

m‘

[m2] 8,64

[dB] 53

[kg/m2] 69 68

Path of transmission 1

10,8

12,8

268

12,8

268

12,8

268

12,8

268

CALCULATING Rij

In the example provided, sound insulation for direct transmission gives Rw of 53 dB, if the contributions of flanking transmission are considered, R'w decreases to 51 dB.

R’w = 51 dB

Rw = 53 dB

Path of transmission

Rij

Path of transmission

Rij

1-S

[dB] 60

S-6

[dB] 83

3-S

5-S

S-8

7-S

3-4

1-2

64 77

S-2

5-6

S-4

7-8

ALADIN | THE SIMPLIFIED METHOD | 155

The vibration reduction index measurements were carried out in compliance with EN ISO 10848.

Kij for different types of joint • 7 different CLT manufacturers • L, T, X-shaped vertical and horizontal joints • influence of type and number of screws • influence of type and number of angle brackets • influence of type and number of hold-downs • use of resilient layers

FASTENING HBS countersunk screw

TITAN F angle bracket for shear loads on frame walls

VGZ fully threaded screw with cylindrical head

WHT angle bracket for tensile loads

TITAN N angle bracket for shear loads in solid walls

SOUNDPROOFING

X-RAD

XYLOFON high performance resilient profile

X-ONE universal connector for CLT panel

ALADIN resilient profile

X-PLATE complete range of connection plates

CONSTRUCTION SEALING airtight profile

156 | FLANKSOUND PROJECT | ALADIN

MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATION MEASUREMENT SETUP: EQUIPMENT AND DATA PROCESSING The vibration reduction index Kij is calculated as:

where: Dv,ij (Dv,ji)

is the difference in vibration velocity between the elements i and j (j and i) when element i (j) is excited (dB)

lij

is the length of the junction shared between the elements i and j

are the equivalent absorption lengths elements of i and j

is the panel surface

is the frequency

is the structural reverberation time

A. Speranza, L. Barbaresi, F. Morandi, “ Experimental analysis of flanking transmission of different connection systems for CLT panels “ in Proceedings of the World Conference on Timber Engineering 2016, Vienna, August 2016. L. Barbaresi, F. Morandi, M. Garai, A. Speranza, “ Experimental measurements of flanking transmission in CLT structures “ in Proceedings of the International Congress on Acoustics 2016, Buenos Aires, September 2016. L. Barbaresi, F. Morandi, M. Garai, A. Speranza, “Experimental analysis of flankng transmission in CLT structures” of Meetings on Acoustics (POMA), a serial publication of the Acoustical Society of America - POMA-D-17-00015. L. Barbaresi, F. Morandi, J. Belcari, A. Zucchelli, Alice Speranza, “Optimising the mechanical characterisation of a resilient interlayer for the use in timber construction” in Proceedings of the International congress on sound and vibration 2017, London, July 2017.

ALADIN | MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATION | 157

L-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

STRUCTURE floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm) (2,3 m x 4,0 m) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm) (4,0 m x 2,3 m)

4000

2300 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 13 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 300 mm 5 angle brackets TITAN (TTN240) spacing 800 mm fastening pattern: total nailing 72 screws 5 x 50 2 hold down WHT (WHT440) RESILIENT PROFILE ALADIN SOFT position: between the lower wall and the floor. dimensions: width = 95 mm thickness = 6 mm length = 4,0 m contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [kN/m]: structure self weight

300 160 160 1

2 800

100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

8,7

14,4

8,7

10,0

10,7

9,5

6,1

9,8

9,4

14,1

16,1

18,1

17,8

21,3

19,1

K12 = 11,5 dB

158 | ALADIN | ALADIN

L-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

STRUCTURE floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm) (2,3 m x 4,0 m) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm) (4,0 m x 2,3 m)

4000

2300 2

300 160 160 1

2 800

100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

9,5

13,6

8,7

11,8

9,0

10,1

7,2

8,7

10,4

14,2

17,0

16,5

18,4

20,0

23,1

19,7

K12 = 11,7 dB

ALADIN | ALADIN | 159

L-SHAPED JOINT

EN ISO 10848-1/4

STRUCTURE floor: CLT 5 layers (s: 160 mm) (2,3 m x 4,0 m) lower wall: CLT 5 layers (s: 100 mm) (4,0 m x 2,3 m)

4000

2300 2

FASTENING SYSTEM 13 HBS partially threaded screws Ø8 x 240 mm (HBS8240), spacing 300 mm 5 angle brackets TITAN (TTN240) with resilient profile ALADIN spacing 800 mm fastening pattern: total nailing 72 screws 5 x 50 2 hold down WHT (WHT440) RESILIENT PROFILE ALADIN SOFT position: between the lower wall and the floor. dimensions: width = 95 mm thickness = 6 mm length = 4,0 m contact area: continuous strip (same width as the wall) applied load [kN/m]: structure self weight

300 160 160 1

2 800

100

f [Hz]

100

125

160

200

250

315

400

500

630

800

1000

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

K12 [dB]

9,7

15,3

9,0

11,2

9,2

9,3

6,6

10,6

9,7

14,0

16,3

15,8

16,7

17,8

22,1

21,8

K12 = 11,4 dB

160 | ALADIN | ALADIN

ON SITE MEASUREMENTS The effectiveness of ALADIN was also verified by measuring passive acoustic requirements in constructed buildings. ALADIN has been used in residential buildings, accommodation facilities, university campuses, schools, health centres and mixed-use multi-storey buildings. The performance achieved did not disappoint expectations and ALADIN proved to be an excellent partner for reducing flanking sound transmission.

UNIVERSITY CAMPUS Victoria (AU)

description

university student residence with 150 beds

type of structure

CLT panels

location

Victoria (Australia)

products

ALADIN, XYLOFON

MULTI-STOREY BUILDING Toronto (CA)

description

6-storey building for residential use

type of structure

CLT panels

location

Toronto (Canada)

products

ALADIN, XYLOFON

ALADIN | ON SITE MEASUREMENTS | 161

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR

MEASUREMENT OF THE EVALUATION INDEX OF THE REDUCTION OF THE IMPACT SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL REFERENCE STANDARDS: ISO 140-7 FLOOR SLAB Surface = 31 m² Receiving room volume = 75 m3

2 5

Timber floor (thickness: 15 mm)

SILENT STEP (thickness: 2 mm) Concrete screed (thickness: 70 mm)

BARRIER 100 Mineral wool insulation (thickness: 30 mm) s’ ≤ 10 MN/m3 6 Gravel fill (thickness: 80 mm) (1600 kg/m3) 7 CLT (thickness: 146 mm) 8 Solid wood batten (thickness: 50 mm base: 150 mm) 9 Air chamber 10 Low density mineral wool insulation (thickness: 120 mm) 11 Plasterboard panel x2 (thickness: 25 mm) 4

7 12

12 ALADIN EXTRA SOFT

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION

L’nT (dB) 80

70 60 50

30 20

L’nT,w,0

without ALADIN EXTRA SOFT

L’nT,w,0 (Cl) = 38 (1) dB NISRASTM = 73

162 | ALADIN | ALADIN

L’nT,w,ALADIN

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

ISO 140-7

with ALADIN EXTRA SOFT

L’nT,w,ALADIN (Cl) = 34 (0) dB NISRASTM = 75

L’nT,w

[Hz]

[dB]

100

44,6

125

40,6

160

41,4

200

40,6

250

37,7

315

33,6

400

35,1

500

35,2

630

32,2

800

27,6

1000

24,7

1250

22,2

1600

18,3

2000

13,2

2500

8,0

3150

7,3

4000

5000

ON-SITE MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR

MEASUREMENT OF THE EVALUATION INDEX OF THE REDUCTION OF THE IMPACT SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL REFERENCE STANDARDS: ISO 140-7 FLOOR SLAB Surface = 31 m² Receiving room volume = 75 m3

2 5

Timber floor (thickness: 15 mm)

SILENT STEP (thickness: 2 mm) Concrete screed (thickness: 70 mm)

7 12

12 ALADIN SOFT

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION

L’nT (dB) 80

70 60 50

30 20

L’nT,w,0

without ALADIN EXTRA SOFT

L’nT,w,ALADIN

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

L’nT,w [dB]

100

45,7

125

40,7

160

43,8

200

43,3

250

38,8

315

35,3

400

37,3

500

37,4

630

34,4

800

30,1

1000

27,0

1250

24,8

1600

20,9

2000

16,0

2500

9,8

3150

7,9

4000

5000

ISO 140-7

with ALADIN EXTRA SOFT

L’nT,w,ALADIN (Cl) = 35 (0) dB

NISRASTM = 73

NISRASTM = 74

L’nT,w,0 (C ) = 38 (1) dB

f [Hz]

ALADIN | ALADIN | 163

ACOUSTIC AND MECHANICAL INTERACTION ACOUSTIC - MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF TITAN + ALADIN dB dB

The TITAN + ALADIN system has been tested in order to determine its mechanical and acoustic behaviour. The experimental campaigns carried out within the Seismic-Rev project and in collaboration with multiple research institutes, have shown how the characteristics of the resilient profile influence the mechanical performance of the connection. From an acoustic point of view, with the Flanksound project, it has been demonstrated that the ability to dampen vibrations through the joint is strongly influenced by the type and number of connections.

Hz Hz F

Test samples: CLT panels TITAN TTF200 angle bracket

NUMERIC MODELLING The results of the preliminary investigation campaign highlighted the importance of carrying out more accurate analyses of the influence of acoustic profiles on the mechanical behaviour of TTF200 and TTN240 metal angle brackets in terms of overall strength and stiffness. For this reason it was decided to carry out further evaluations by means of finite element numerical modelling, starting from the behaviour of the individual nail. In the case under study, the influence of three different resilient profiles were analysed: XYLOFON 35 (6 mm), ALADIN SOFT (5 mm) and ALADIN EXTRA SOFT (7 mm).

Tx deformation [mm] for induced displacement 8 mm

164 | ACOUSTIC AND MECHANICAL INTERACTION | ALADIN

TITAN TTF200 configurations

TTF200

F15 mm ΔF15 mm K5 mm

[mm]

[kN]

68,4

ΔK5 mm

[kN/mm] -

9,55

F [kN] 90

TTF200 + ALADIN SOFT red.*

59,0

-14 %

8.58

-10 %

TTF200 + ALADIN EXTRA SOFT red.*

56,4

-18 %

8.25

-14 %

TTF200 + ALADIN SOFT

55,0

-20 %

7.98

-16 %

TTF200 + XYLOFON PLATE

54,3

-21 %

7,79

-18 %

-24 %

TTF200 + ALADIN EXTRA SOFT

47,0

-31 %

7,30

* Reduced thickness: reduced profile height due to the trapezoidal section and consequent crushing induced by the head of the nail during operation.

25 δ [mm]

TITAN TTN240 configurations

TTN240

F15 mm ΔF15 mm K5 mm

[mm]

[kN]

71,9

ΔK5 mm

[kN/mm] -

9,16

F [kN] 90

TTN2400 + ALADIN SOFT red.*

64,0

-11 %

8,40

-8 %

TTN240 + ALADIN EXTRA SOFT red.*

61,0

-15 %

8.17

-11 %

TTN240 + ALADIN SOFT

59,0

-18 %

8,00

-13 %

TTN240 + XYLOFON PLATE

58,0

-19 %

7,81

-15 %

-18 %

TTN240 + ALADIN EXTRA SOFT

53,5

-26 %

7.47

* Reduced thickness: reduced profile height due to the trapezoidal section and consequent crushing induced by the head of the nail during operation.

ALADIN | ACOUSTIC AND MECHANICAL INTERACTION | 165

SHEAR AND TENSILE STRENGTH TITAN + ALADIN CERTIFIED IN ETA Not only experimental tests, but also values certified by independent assessment bodies that certify the performance characteristics of non-standard construction products.

TITAN The strength of TITAN coupled with ALADIN below the horizontal flange was calculated from the load-carrying capacity of nails or screws according to "Blaß, H.J. und Laskewitz, B. (2000); Load-Carrying Capacity of Joints with Dowel-Type fasteners and Interlayers.", conservatively neglecting the profile stiffness. Being an innovative angle bracket and one of the first certified on the market, a highly conservative approach was chosen and ALADIN was simulated as an equivalent air layer. The angular capacity is therefore largely underestimated.

fastening ANGLE BRACKET

type

TTN240 + ALADIN SOFT TTS240 + ALADIN EXTRA SOFT

ØxL

F2/3,Rk

[mm]

[pcs]

[kN]

LBA nails

4 x 60

28,9

LBS screws

5 x 50

27,5

HBS PLATE screws

8 x 80

27,5

LBS screws

5 x 50

25,8

TIMBER-TO-TIMBER FASTENING PATTERN TTN240

TTS240 36 LBA nails/LBS screws

14 LBA nails/LBS screws

36 LBA nails/LBS screws

14 LBA nails/LBS screws

Discover the complete TITAN range on our website or request the catalogue from your salesman. www.rothoblaas.com

166 | SHEAR AND TENSILE STRENGTH TITAN + ALADIN CERTIFIED IN ETA | ALADIN

ALADIN | RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INSTALLATION APPLICATION WITH STAPLES

APPLICATION WITH PRIMER SPRAY

APPLICATION WITH DOUBLE BAND

3 ALADIN | ALADIN | 167

SILENT FLOOR PUR TECHNICAL MANUAL

CONTENTS ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS OF FLOORS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 SILENT FLOOR PUR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 SILFLOORPUR10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 4A. . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 4B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 5A. . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 5B. . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 6A. . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 6B. . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 7A. . . . . . . . . . . . 190 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 7B. . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

SILFLOORPUR15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

SILFLOORPUR20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

CONTENTS | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 171

ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS OF FLOORS WHAT IS IMPACT NOISE? When it comes to floors, impact noise is the main acoustic problem because it constantly affects them. When a body impacts on the floor structure, the noise quickly spreads throughout the building either by air, affecting the nearest rooms, or by structure, propagating into the most distant rooms.

WHAT IS AIRBORNE NOISE? Airborne noise is generated in the air and, after an initial airborne phase, is transported both by air and by structure. This is a problem that affects both walls and floors, but if we are talking about floors, the most important problem is certainly impact noise.

HERE IS THE SOLUTION In order to be able to minimise the discomfort caused by impact noise, a stratigraphic package should be designed consisting of layers of different materials that are disconnected from each other and are able to dissipate the energy transmitted by the impact.

MASS-SPRING-MASS SYSTEM A floating screed system such as the one shown in the images below can be schematised with a mass-spring-mass system, in which the structural floor represents the mass, the impact-absorbing product is equivalent to the spring, and the upper screed with the floor constitutes the second mass of the system. In this context, “resilient layer” is defined as the element with the spring function characterised by its own dynamic stiffness s'. screed: mass

mass

SILENT FLOOR: spring

spring

structure: mass

mass

HOW IS THE IMPACT NOISE LEVEL MEASURED? The impact noise level is a measure of the disturbance perceived in a room when an impact noise source is activated in the upper room. It can be measured both on site and in the laboratory. Clearly, ideal conditions exist in the laboratory for the effects of lateral transmission to be neglected, as the laboratory itself is constructed so that the walls are decoupled from the ceiling.

TAPPING MACHINE method The TAPPING MACHINE is used to simulate "light" and "hard" impacts, such as walking with heeled shoes or the impact caused by falling objects.

172 | ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS OF FLOORS | IMPACT NOISE

RUBBER BALL method

H = 1m +/- 0,01m

The RUBBER BALL is used to simulate "soft" and "heavy" impacts, such as a barefoot walk or a child jumping.

HOW TO CHOOSE THE BEST PRODUCT DYNAMIC STIFFNESS – s’ Expressed in MN/m3, it is measured according to EN 29052-1 and expresses the deformation capacity of a material that is subjected to a dynamic stress. Consequently, it indicates the ability to dampen the vibrations generated by an impact noise. The measurement method involves, first, measuring the apparent dynamic stiffness s't of the material and then correcting it, if necessary, to obtain the real dynamic stiffness s'. Dynamic stiffness depends in fact on the flow resistivity r, which is measured in the lateral direction of the sample. If the material has specific flow resistivity values, the apparent dynamic stiffness must be corrected by adding the contribution of the gas contained within the material: air.

VISCOUS SLIDING UNDER COMPRESSION – CREEP Expressed as a percentage, it is measured according to EN 1606 and represents the long-term deformation of a material under constant load to be simulated. The measurement in the laboratory must be carried out over a period of at least 90 days.

COMPRESSIBILITY - c The compressibility class expresses the behaviour of a material while subjected to screed loading. During measurement, the product is subjected to different loads and its thickness is measured. The compressibility measurement is carried out to understand what loads the underscreed product can withstand, in order to avoid cracking and splitting of screeds.

CORRECT INSTALLATION The technological solution of the floating screed is one of the most widely used and one of the most effective, but in order to achieve satisfactory results it is important that the system is designed and implemented correctly.

The resilient layer must be continuous because any gap would represent an acoustic bridge. When installing underscreed mats, care must be taken not to create discontinuities.

IIC vs Lw

It is important to use the SILENT EDGE perimeter strip to ensure that the resilient layer is continuous around the entire perimeter of the room. The SILENT EDGE should only be trimmed after the floor has been installed and grouted.

The skirting board must be installed after the SILENT EDGE has been cut, ensuring that it is always suitably raised from the floor.

IIC stands for Impact Insulation Class and is the value obtained by subtracting the noise level measured in the receiving room from the noise level measured in the source room. Impact Insulation Class, sometimes referred to as Impact Isolation Class, measures the resistance of the floor construction assembly against the propagation of impact-generated noise.

IMPACT NOISE | ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS OF FLOORS | 173

SILENT FLOOR PUR RESILIENT HIGH PERFORMANCE UNDERSCREED MEMBRANE MADE OF RECYCLED POLYMERS

CERTIFIED The effectiveness of the underscreed membrane has been certified in the labs of the Centre for Industrial Research of the University of Bologna.

SUSTAINABILITY Recycled and recyclable. The product intelligently reuses polyurethane from production waste that would otherwise have to be disposed of.

HIGH PERFORMANCE The special composition offers excellent elasticity, reaching attenuation values over 30 dB.

COMPOSITION polyethylene vapour barrier polyurethane agglomerate made from pre-consumer industrial waste

CODES AND DIMENSIONS H(1)

thickness

Af(2)

[m]

[mm]

[m2]

1,6

SILFLOORPUR15

1,6

SILFLOORPUR20

1,6

CODE

SILFLOORPUR10

(1)1.5 m of polyurethane agglomerate and vapour barrier + 0.1 m of vapour barrier for overlap with integrated adhesive strip. (2)Without considering the overlap area.

SAFE Polyurethane is a noble polymer that maintains elasticity over time, without subsidence or changes in performance.

VOC REQUIREMENTS The membrane composition safeguards health and meets the recommended VOC limits.

174 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

PRODUCT STRATIGRAPHY COMPARISON integrated adhesive thickness strip

dynamic stiffness

estimate ΔLw

load

according to formula C.4 of EN ISO 12354-2

10 125 kg/m2

10 mm

12,5 MN/m3

200 kg/m2

250 kg/m2

125 kg/m2

15 mm

8,8 MN/m3

200 kg/m2

250 kg/m2

125 kg/m2

20 mm

7,4 MN/m3

200 kg/m2

250 kg/m2

32,5 dB 35,1 dB 36,4 dB

34,6 dB 37,3 dB 38,6 dB

35,7 dB 38,4 dB 39,6 dB

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 175

SILFLOORPUR10 TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Surface mass m

EN 29052-1 EN 29052-1 ISO 12354-2 ISO 12354-2 ISO 10140-3 ISO 9053 EN 12431 EN 1606 ISO 3386-1 EN 13501-1 French decree no. 2011-321

0,9 kg/m2 80 kg/m3 12,5 MN/m3 12,5 MN/m3 32,5 dB 50,6 Hz 21 dB 0,46 m2K/W < 10,0 kPa·s·m-2 CP2 7,50 % 17 kPa 0,035 W/m·K 1800 J/kg·K > 100 m class F

Density ρ Apparent dynamic stiffness s’t Dynamic stiffness s’ Theoretical estimate of impact sound pressure level attenuation ΔLw(1) System resonance frequency f0 (2) Impact sound pressure level attenuation ΔLw(3) Thermal resistance Rt Resistance to airflow r Compressibility class CREEP Viscous sliding under compression Xct (1,5 kPa) Compression deformation stress Thermal conductivity λ Specific heat c Water vapour transmission Sd Reaction to fire VOC emission classification

A+

(1)ΔL = (13 lg(m’))-(14,2 lg(s’))+20,8 [dB] con m’= 125 kg/m2. w (2)f = 160 √(s’/m’) con m’= 125 kg/m2. 0 (3)Measured in the laboratory on 200 mm CLT floor. See the manual for more information on configuration.

EN ISO 12354-2 ANNEX C | ESTIMATE ΔLW (FORMULA C.4) E ΔL (FORMULA C.1) The following tables show how the attenuation in dB (ΔLW e ΔL) of SILFLOORPUR10 varies as the load m' (i.e., the surface mass of the layers with which SILFLOORPUR10 is loaded) changes. SILFLOORPUR10 s’t or s’ load m’ ΔLw f0

12,5 50 27,3 80,0

12,5 75 29,6 65,3

12,5 100 31,2 56,6

12,5 125 32,5 50,6

12,5 150 33,5 46,2

12,5 175 34,4 42,8

12,5 200 35,1 40,0

12,5 225 35,8 37,7

12,5 250 36,4 35,8

12,5 275 36,9 34,1

12,5 300 37,4 32,7

[MN/m3] [kg/m2] [dB] [Hz]

12,7 15,6 18,8 21,7 24,6 27,7 30,8 33,7 36,7 39,8 42,7 45,6 48,8 51,7 54,6

13,4 16,3 19,5 22,4 25,3 28,3 31,5 34,4 37,4 40,5 43,4 46,3 49,5 52,4 55,3

14,0 16,9 20,1 23,0 26,0 29,0 32,1 35,0 38,0 41,1 44,0 46,9 50,1 53,0 56,0

14,6 17,5 20,7 23,6 26,5 29,5 32,6 35,5 38,6 41,7 44,6 47,5 50,7 53,6 56,5

[dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB]

ΔL in frequency [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz]

100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500

2,9 5,8 9,0 11,9 14,8 17,9 21,0 23,9 26,9 30,0 32,9 35,8 39,0 41,9 44,8

5,5 8,5 11,7 14,6 17,5 20,5 23,6 26,5 29,5 32,6 35,5 38,5 41,7 44,6 47,5

7,4 10,3 13,5 16,5 19,4 22,4 25,5 28,4 31,4 34,5 37,4 40,3 43,5 46,5 49,4

EN ISO 12354-2 Annex C - formula C.4

ΔLw = 13 lg m’ - 14,2 lg s’ + 20,8 dB EN ISO 12354-2 Annex C - formula C.2

f0 = 160

s’ m’

176 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

8,9 11,8 15,0 17,9 20,8 23,8 26,9 29,8 32,9 36,0 38,9 41,8 45,0 47,9 50,8

10,1 13,0 16,2 19,1 22,0 25,0 28,1 31,0 34,0 37,2 40,1 43,0 46,2 49,1 52,0

11,1 14,0 17,2 20,1 23,0 26,0 29,1 32,0 35,0 38,2 41,1 44,0 47,2 50,1 53,0

11,9 14,8 18,1 21,0 23,9 26,9 30,0 32,9 35,9 39,0 41,9 44,8 48,1 51,0 53,9

EN ISO 12354-2 Annex C - formula C.1

ΔL = 30 lg f dB f0

IMPACT NOISE INSULATION ACCORDING TO SCREED THICKNESS A predictive study of the sound insulation of airborne and impact noise in buildings cannot be determined by calculations alone, but must be supported by experimental data and measurements in the laboratory and on site. The acoustics laboratory at the University of Northern British Columbia is designed optimized for testing the sound insulation performance of floors in timber buildings. In fact, the receiving room is built of frame walls made of mullions and interposed rock wool insulation and OSB sheathing and two layers of gypsum board. Impact noise assessment is measured according to ASTM E1007-15 using the impact sound machine and a sound pressure meter according to ISO. The tests involve evaluating the acoustic behavior of the floor slab according to the thickness of the screed (38 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm).

MATERIALS 1

X-LAM FLOOR SLABS: The tested floor slab consists of three of 139 mm thick CLT 139V panels. Each CLT panel is 4.0 m long and 1.8 m wide. All joints are sealed with acoustic sealant and tapes. The edges between floors and walls are also sealed with acoustic sealant. The AIIC of the bare CLT floor slab is 21 (L'n,w = 89dB)

SILENT FLOOR PUR: high-performance resilient agglomerate underscreed membrane made from pre-consumer industrial waste and PE vapour barrier.

Screed: ordinary concrete • thickness 38 mm, 91 kg/m2 • thickness 50 mm, 120 kg/m2 • thickness 100 mm, 240 kg/m2

3 2 1

RESULTS CLT CLT + SILENT FLOOR PUR + 38 mm concrete CLT + SILENT FLOOR PUR + 50 mm concrete CLT + SILENT FLOOR PUR + 100 mm concrete

AIIC (dBA)

L’n,w (dB)

Acoustic improvement (dB)

20 21 27

Testing laboratory: University of Northernn British Columbia Test protocol: 20200720

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 177

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

FLOOR SLAB Surface = 21,64 m2 Mass = 167 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3 6

1 2

Reinforced gypsum-fibre board (44 kg/m2) (thickness: 32 mm)

High density cardboard and sand panels (34,6 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 (thickness: 10 mm)

CLT (thickness: 160 mm)

XYLOFON 35 - XYL35100

TITAN SILENT

CLT (thickness: 120 mm)

(thickness: 30 mm)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION f

[Hz]

[dB]

R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

R’w(C;Ctr) = 51 (0;-6) dB ΔR’w = +12 dB(1)

STC = 51

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

ISO 717-1

f (Hz)

22,0

44,8

43,6

100

41,8

125

45,7

160

36,8

200

44,2

250

43,6

315

40,9

400

44,5

500

41,8

630

47,1

800

50,8

1000

57,0

1250

57,0

1600

60,6

2000

60,1

2500

63,5

3150

64,5

4000

67,2

5000

66,1

STRUCTURE WITHOUT LAYERS no. 1, 2, 3

ΔSTC = +12 (1)

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau Technikerstraße 13A - 6020 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M07B_L211217_m-Bodenaufbau

178 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

NOTES: (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1, 2 and 3.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 16283-1

Surface = 21,64 m2 Mass = 167 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 75,52 m3

1 2

Reinforced gypsum-fibre board (44 kg/m2) (thickness: 32 mm)

high density cardboard and sand panels (34,6 kg/m2), (thickness: 30 mm)

SILENT FLOOR PUR- SILFLOORPUR10 (s: 10 mm)

CLT (thickness: 160 mm)

XYLOFON 35 - XYL35100

TITAN SILENT

CLT (thickness: 120 mm)

Impact sound NOISE INSULATION Ln (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

L’n,w(Cl) = 62 (0) dB ΔLn,w(Cl) = -22 dB(1)

ISO 717-2

5000

4000

3150

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

75,7

61,7

59,9

100

70,3

125

160

70,8

200

250

66,5

315

400

65,4

500

62,8

630

60,3

800

59,2

1000

54,3

1250

49,3

1600

2000

41,7

2500

38,2

3150

36,6

4000

34,3

5000

28,5

STRUCTURE WITHOUT LAYERS no. 1, 2, 3

IIC = 48 ΔIIC = +22(2)

Testing laboratory: Universität Innsbruck Arbeitsbereich für Holzbau Technikerstraße 13A - 6020 Innsbruck. Test protocol: M07B_T211217_m-Bodenaufbau

NOTES: (1)

Decrease due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

(2)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 179

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 2

MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD ISO 10140-2 FLOOR SLAB Surface = 12 m2 Mass = 230 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 54,7 m3

3 4

Concrete screed (2000 kg/m3) (thickness: 50 mm)

SILENT FLOOR PUR (thickness: 10 mm) Mineral wool insulation s' ≤ 10 MN/m3 (110 kg/m3) (thickness 40 mm) 4 Light screed with EPS (500 kg/m3) (thickness: 120 mm) 2 3

5 6

BARRIER SD150 CLT 5 layers (thickness: 150 mm)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

Rw = 57 (-2;-9) dB

STC = 57

Testing laboratory: Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna Test protocol: 01L/RothoB

180 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

ISO 717-1

[Hz]

[dB]

100

30,7

125

37,1

160

40,8

200

46,3

250

46,1

315

49,5

400

51,6

500

54,4

630

55,7

800

59,6

1000

64,5

1250

67,6

1600

69,8

2000

72,1

2500

71,8

3150

74,1

4000

74,5

5000

71,1

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 2

MEASUREMENT OF THE EVALUATION INDEX OF THE REDUCTION OF THE IMPACT SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-3 AND EN ISO 717-2 FLOOR SLAB Surface = 12 m2 Mass = 230 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 54,7 m3

1 1

Concrete screed (2000 kg/m3), (thickness: 50 mm)

SILENT FLOOR PUR (thickness: 10 mm) Mineral wool insulation s’ ≤ 10 MN/m3 (110 kg/m3), (thickness: 40 mm) 4 Light screed with EPS (500 kg/m3) (thickness: 120 mm) 2

3 4

BARRIER SD150 CLT 5 layers (thickness: 150 mm)

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Ln (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

70 60 50

30 20

Ln,w (Cl) = 60 (0) dB ΔLn,w(Cl) = -27 dB(1)

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

100

69,5

125

68,1

160

68,3

200

65,1

250

62,9

315

62,3

400

63,4

500

61,6

630

58,7

800

56,2

1000

53,7

1250

51,1

1600

48,7

2000

45,6

2500

42,5

3150

37,8

4000

33,0

5000

24,1

ISO 717-2

IIC = 50 ΔIIC = +27(2)

Testing laboratory: Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna Test protocol: 01R/RothoB

NOTES: (1)

Decrease due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

(2)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 181

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 3

MEASUREMENT OF THE EVALUATION INDEX OF THE REDUCTION OF THE IMPACT SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-3 AND EN ISO 717-2 FLOOR SLAB Surface = 13,71 m² Surface mass = 215,1 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 60,1 m3

Concrete screed (thickness: 50 mm); (2600 kg/m3); (130 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 (thickness: 10 mm) CLT 5 layers (thickness: 200 mm); (420 kg/m3); (84 kg/m2)

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Ln (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

61,6

61,0

60,7

100

71,5

125

69,9

160

70,4

200

70,6

70 60 50

30 20

Ln,w(Cl) = 65 (-2) dB

IIC = 44

ΔLn,w(Cl) = -21 dB(1)

ΔIIC = +20(2)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-L2.

182 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

250

67,8

315

67,0

400

64,9

500

61,5

630

60,1

800

58,8

1000

56,9

1250

56,1

1600

54,8

2000

55,5

2500

55,5

3150

55,6

4000

51,8

5000

44,5

ISO 717-2

NOTES: (1)

Decrease due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

(2)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 3

MEASUREMENT OF THE EVALUATION INDEX OF THE REDUCTION OF THE IMPACT SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL RUBBER BALL METHOD | REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-3 AND EN ISO 717-2 FLOOR SLAB Surface = 13,71 m² Surface mass = 215,1 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 60,1 m3

Concrete screed (thickness: 50 mm); (2600 kg/m3); (130 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 (thickness: 10 mm) CLT 5 layers (thickness: 200 mm); (420 kg/m3); (84 kg/m2)

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Li,F,max (dB)

Li,F,max

[Hz]

[dB]

77,3

74,8

66,5

100

72,7

125

70,0

70 60 50

160

66,5

200

66,3

250

59,4

315

55,4

400

50,8

500

44,5

630

40,4

30 20

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

Li,F,max

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-L2.

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 183

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 4A

MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2 AND EN ISO 717-1 SILENT FLOOR PUR R6a-attuale 4a

WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 33,6 kg/m² Receiving room volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 strips (thickness: 10 mm) Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm 2x rock wool (thickness: 60mm), (70 kg/m3) OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

Rw(C;Ctr) = 47 (-2;-8) dB ΔRw = +6 dB(1)

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

ISO 717-2

f (Hz)

25,7

20,1

23,2 24,0

125

25,0

160

27,4

200

35,7

250

39,7

315

40,3

400

44,4

500

43,8

630

50,5

800

54,8

1000

55,7

1250

56,7

1600

58,3

2000

58,3

2500

55,9

3150

54,2

4000

58,9

5000

61,1

FRAME (n.3)

ΔSTC = +7 (1) NOTES: (1)

R [dB]

100

STC = 48

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-R6a.

184 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f [Hz]

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 4B

MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2 AND EN ISO 717-1 SILENT FLOOR PUR R6b-attuale 4b

WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 42,9 kg/m² Receiving room volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

3 4

5 4

receiving room

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 strips (thickness: 10 mm) Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 51 (-3;-10) dB

STC = 51

ΔRw = +10 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +10(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-R6b.

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

24,9

21,6

21,0

100

24,8

125

27,6

160

30,4

200

39,8

250

41,9

315

44,4

400

48,8

500

50,3

630

57,6

800

61,0

1000

63,6

1250

65,5

1600

66,8

2000

66,7

2500

64,4

3150

60,0

4000

63,1

5000

62,5

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES: (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 185

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 5A

MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2 AND EN ISO 717-1 SILENT FLOOR PUR R5a-attuale 5a

WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 38,6 kg/m² Receiving room volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2)

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

27,7

22,9

23,1

100

21,6

125

26,6

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 49 (-3;-10) dB

STC = 50

ΔRw = +8 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +9(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-R5a.

186 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

160

29,0

200

38,2

250

40,9

315

41,6

400

46,7

500

47,5

630

54,3

800

58,4

1000

59,2

1250

60,3

1600

59,7

2000

58,9

2500

60,2

3150

60,6

4000

62,8

5000

61,8

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES: (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 5B

MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2 AND EN ISO 717-1 SILENT FLOOR PUR R5b-attuale 5b

WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 52,9 kg/m² Receiving room volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2)

4 5

receiving room 5

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 strips (thickness: 10 mm)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2) Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

26,1

20,6

21,9

100

27,9

125

29,8

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 54 (-3;-9) dB

STC = 54

ΔRw = +13 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +13(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-R5b.

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

160

35,8

200

43,2

250

43,8

315

47,0

400

53,2

500

57,0

630

62,3

800

63,7

1000

65,1

1250

66,8

1600

67,6

2000

67,7

2500

69,6

3150

67,0

4000

66,0

5000

62,8

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES: (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 187

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 6A

MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2 AND EN ISO 717-1 SILENT FLOOR PUR R12a-attuale 6a

WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 37,2 kg/m² Receiving room volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1 2

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2) 2 Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm timber battens 40 x 60 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 40mm), (38 kg/m3) 1

3 4

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 50 (-4;-10) dB

STC = 48

ΔRw = +9 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +7(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-R12a.

188 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

R [dB]

22,9

18,0

22,1

100

23,4

125

24,2

160

32,4

200

37,5

250

42,5

315

45,8

400

48,1

500

48,9

630

54,5

800

56,1

1000

57,5

1250

58,9

1600

60,8

2000

59,9

2500

59,0

3150

58,2

4000

65,7

5000

72,2

FRAME (n.4)

NOTES: (1)

f [Hz]

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 6B

MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD ISO 10140-2 SILENT FLOOR PUR R12b-attuale 6b

WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 52,2 kg/m² Receiving room volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1 2

4 3 4

5 6 7

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2) Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm) timber battens 40 x 60 mm - spacing 600 mm; rock wool (thickness: 40 mm), (38 kg/m³) SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 strips (thickness: 10 mm) Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm; 2x rock wool (thickness: 60mm), (70 kg/m3) OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 strips (thickness: 10 mm), (110 kg/m3), (1,1 kg/m2) 6 Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm) timber battens 40 x 60 mm - spacing 600 mm; rock wool (thickness: 40 mm), (38 kg/m³) 7 Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2) 5

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 55 (-5;-12) dB

STC = 53

ΔRw = +14 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +12(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-R12b.

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

22,6

14,4

18,1

100

25,7

125

29,4

160

35,2

200

40,9

250

47,6

315

53,1

400

55,3

500

59,1

630

62,8

800

65,3

1000

68,1

1250

69,6

1600

73,0

2000

74,0

2500

71,0

3150

64,9

4000

69,0

5000

74,5

FRAME (n.4)

NOTES: (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 189

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 7A

MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2 AND EN ISO 717-1 SILENT FLOOR PUR R13a-attuale 7a

WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 34,4 kg/m² Receiving room volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 (thickness: 10 mm) Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm 2x rock wool (thickness: 60mm), (70 kg/m3) OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

Rw(C;Ctr) = 47 (-3;-9) dB ΔRw = +6 dB(1)

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

ISO 717-1

f (Hz)

23,6 19,9

24,2

100

23,3

125

24,2

160

26,4

200

34,0

250

38,7

315

40,6

400

44,8

500

46,8

630

53,6

800

59,2

1000

61,0

1250

62,3

1600

61,8

2000

59,1

2500

57,3

3150

56,2

4000

62,4

5000

68,7

FRAME (n.3)

ΔSTC = +6(1) NOTES: (1)

R [dB]

STC = 47

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-R13a.

190 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f [Hz]

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 7B

MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2 AND EN ISO 717-1 SILENT FLOOR PUR R13b-attuale 7b

WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 44,5 kg/m² Receiving room volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room

5 1 4

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 (thickness: 10 mm) Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm; 2x rock wool (thickness: 60mm), (70 kg/m3) OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

receiving room

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 (thickness: 10 mm) Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 51 (-3;-9) dB

STC = 51

ΔRw = +10 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +10(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-R13b.

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

23,2

19,3

20,9

100

25,9

125

27,4

160

30,5

200

36,0

250

41,3

315

45,4

400

51,4

500

57,6

630

63,2

800

68,6

1000

71,3

1250

73,0

1600

75,0

2000

73,6

2500

70,2

3150

64,5

4000

69,1

5000

73,9

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES: (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 191

ON SITE MEASUREMENTS COMMERCIAL BUILDING Atlanta (USA) The newly constructed building boasts office space, restaurants, shops, a hotel and art studios. It is a very innovative project that also uses TIMBER as a structural material. To improve the acoustic performance of the floors, SILENT FLOOR PUR was used and ALADIN was used to reduce lateral transmission.

192 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

description

commercial building covering more than 300000 sq ft

type of structure

mixed

location

Atlanta (Georgia, USA)

products

SILENT FLOOR PUR, ALADIN

SILFLOORPUR15 TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Surface mass m

EN 29052-1 EN 29052-1 ISO 12354-2 ISO 12354-2 ISO 10140-3 ISO 9053 EN 12431 EN 1606 ISO 3386-1 EN 13501-1 French decree no. 2011-321

1,4 kg/m2 90 kg/m3 8,8 MN/m3 8,8 MN/m3 34,6 dB 42,5 Hz 23 dB 0,52 m2K/W < 10,0 kPa·s·m-2 CP2 7,50 % 17 kPa 0,035 W/m·K 1800 J/kg·K > 100 m class F

A+

EN ISO 12354-2 ANNEX C | ESTIMATE ΔLW (FORMULA C.4) E ΔL (FORMULA C.1) The following tables show how the attenuation in dB (ΔLW e ΔL) of SILFLOORPUR15 varies as the load m' (i.e., the surface mass of the layers with which SILFLOORPUR15 is loaded) changes. SILFLOORPUR15 s’t or s’ load m’ ΔLw f0

8,8 50 29,5 67,1

8,8 75 31,8 54,8

8,8 100 33,4 47,5

8,8 125 34,6 42,5

8,8 150 35,7 38,8

8,8 175 36,5 35,9

8,8 200 37,3 33,6

8,8 225 38,0 31,6

8,8 250 38,6 30,0

8,8 275 39,1 28,6

8,8 300 39,6 27,4

[MN/m3] [kg/m2] [dB] [Hz]

15,0 17,9 21,1 24,0 26,9 29,9 33,1 36,0 39,0 42,1 45,0 47,9 51,1 54,0 56,9 59,9

15,7 18,6 21,8 24,7 27,6 30,6 33,7 36,6 39,7 42,8 45,7 48,6 51,8 54,7 57,6 60,6

16,3 19,2 22,4 25,3 28,2 31,2 34,4 37,3 40,3 43,4 46,3 49,2 52,4 55,3 58,2 61,2

16,9 19,8 23,0 25,9 28,8 31,8 34,9 37,8 40,8 44,0 46,9 49,8 53,0 55,9 58,8 61,8

[dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB]

ΔL in frequency [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz]

100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500 3150

5,2 8,1 11,3 14,2 17,1 20,1 23,3 26,2 29,2 32,3 35,2 38,1 41,3 44,2 47,1 50,1

7,8 10,7 14,0 16,9 19,8 22,8 25,9 28,8 31,8 34,9 37,8 40,7 44,0 46,9 49,8 52,8

9,7 12,6 15,8 18,7 21,6 24,7 27,8 30,7 33,7 36,8 39,7 42,6 45,8 48,7 51,6 54,7

EN ISO 12354-2 Annex C - formula C.4

ΔLw = 13 lg m’ - 14,2 lg s’ + 20,8 dB

11,2 14,1 17,3 20,2 23,1 26,1 29,2 32,1 35,1 38,3 41,2 44,1 47,3 50,2 53,1 56,1

12,4 15,3 18,5 21,4 24,3 27,3 30,4 33,3 36,3 39,4 42,4 45,3 48,5 51,4 54,3 57,3

13,4 16,3 19,5 22,4 25,3 28,3 31,4 34,3 37,3 40,4 43,4 46,3 49,5 52,4 55,3 58,3

14,2 17,1 20,3 23,3 26,2 29,2 32,3 35,2 38,2 41,3 44,2 47,1 50,3 53,3 56,2 59,2

EN ISO 12354-2 Annex C - formula C.1

ΔL = 30 lg f dB f0

EN ISO 12354-2 Annex C - formula C.2

f0 = 160

s’ m’

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 193

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1

Concrete screed (thickness: 50 mm); (2600 kg/m3); (130 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR15 (thickness: 15 mm) CLT 5 layers (thickness: 200 mm); (420 kg/m3); (84 kg/m2)

3 3

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION f

Ln (dB) 90

[Hz]

[dB]

62,7

63,1

64,0

100

70,6

125

67,3

160

64,6

200

66,9

60 50

30 20

Ln,w(Cl) = 63 (-3) dB

IIC = 47

ΔLn,w = -23 dB(1)

ΔIIC = +23(2)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-L6.

194 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

250

63,9

315

62,4

400

60,5

500

58,3

630

56,9

800

56,2

1000

54,0

1250

53,2

1600

53,5

2000

56,4

2500

54,3

3150

50,0

4000

46,0

5000

40,7

ISO 717-2

NOTES: (1)

Decrease due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

(2)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1

MEASUREMENT OF THE EVALUATION INDEX OF THE REDUCTION OF THE IMPACT SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL RUBBER BALL METHOD | REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 16283-2 FLOOR SLAB Surface = 13,71 m² Surface mass = 215,7 kg/m2 Receiving room volume = 60,1 m3

Concrete screed (thickness: 50 mm); (2600 kg/m3); (130 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR15 (thickness: 15 mm) CLT 5 layers (thickness: 200 mm); (420 kg/m3); (84 kg/m2)

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Li,F,max (dB) 90

70 60 50

Li,F,max

[Hz]

[dB]

78,8

75,9

67,7

100

72,8

125

68,9

160

62,3

200

62,8

250

56,3

315

51,9

400

47,2

500

42,5

630

39,4

30 20

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

Li,F,max

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-L6.

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 195

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 2

1 2

Concrete screed (thickness: 50 mm); (2600 kg/m3); (130 kg/m2)

2x SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR15 (thickness: 15 mm) CLT 5 layers (thickness: 200 mm); (420 kg/m3); (84 kg/m2)

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION f

Ln (dB) 90

[Hz]

[dB]

63,4

65,0

61,5

100

63,4

125

63,9

160

60,2

200

63,2

60 50

30 20

Ln,w(Cl) = 60 (-4) dB

IIC = 50

ΔLn,w = -26 dB(1)

ΔIIC = +26(2)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-L6.

196 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

250

59,6

315

58,2

400

56,3

500

55,0

630

55,5

800

56,2

1000

58,3

1250

56,3

1600

51,3

2000

52,5

2500

51,0

3150

48,4

4000

42,1

5000

31,9

ISO 717-2

NOTES: (1)

Decrease due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

(2)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 2

1 2

Concrete screed (thickness: 50 mm); (2600 kg/m3); (130 kg/m2)

2x SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR15 (thickness: 15 mm CLT 5 layers (thickness: 200 mm); (420 kg/m3); (84 kg/m2)

3 3

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Li,F,max (dB)

Li,F,max

[Hz]

[dB]

81,5

79,0

68,2

100

65,2

125

63,5

70 60 50

160

57,8

200

59,6

250

52,9

315

48,5

400

44,3

500

40,7

630

38,0

30 20

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

Li,F,max

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-L6.

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 197

CERTAIN COLLABORATIONS ARE BORN TO LAST

CTC is the connector for timber-to-concrete floors. CE certified, it allows to connect a 5 or 6 cm reinforced concrete slab to the timber beams of the underneath floor, obtaining a new timber-concrete structure with extraordinary strength and excellent static and acoustic performance. It is an approved self-drilling, reversible, fast and minimally invasive system.

Scan the QR code and discover the technical features of CTC connector www.rothoblaas.com

SILFLOORPUR20 TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Surface mass m

EN 29052-1 EN 29052-1 ISO 12354-2 ISO 12354-2 ISO 10140-3 ISO 9053 EN 12431 EN 1606 ISO 3386-1 EN 13501-1 French decree no. 2011-321

1,8 kg/m2 90 kg/m3 7,4 MN/m3 7,4 MN/m3 35,7 dB 38,9 Hz 25 dB 0,92 m2K/W < 10,0 kPa·s·m-2 CP2 7,50 % 17 kPa 0,035 W/m·K 1800 J/kg·K > 100 m class F

A+

EN ISO 12354-2 ANNEX C | ESTIMATE ΔLW (FORMULA C.4) E ΔL (FORMULA C.1) The following tables show how the attenuation in dB (ΔLW e ΔL) of SILFLOORPUR20 varies as the load m' (i.e., the surface mass of the layers with which SILFLOORPUR20 is loaded) changes. SILFLOORPUR20 s’t or s’ load m’ ΔLw f0

12,5 50 27,3 80,0

12,5 75 29,6 65,3

12,5 100 31,2 56,6

12,5 125 32,5 50,6

12,5 150 33,5 46,2

12,5 175 34,4 42,8

12,5 200 35,1 40,0

12,5 225 35,8 37,7

12,5 250 36,4 35,8

12,5 275 36,9 34,1

12,5 300 37,4 32,7

[MN/m3] [kg/m2] [dB] [Hz]

12,7 15,6 18,8 21,7 24,6 27,7 30,8 33,7 36,7 39,8 42,7 45,6 48,8 51,7 54,6 57.7

13,4 16,3 19,5 22,4 25,3 28,3 31,5 34,4 37,4 40,5 43,4 46,3 49,5 52,4 55,3 58,3

14,0 16,9 20,1 23,0 26,0 29,0 32,1 35,0 38,0 41,1 44,0 46,9 50,1 53,0 56,0 59,0

14,6 17,5 20,7 23,6 26,5 29,5 32,6 35,5 38,6 41,7 44,6 47,5 50,7 53,6 56,5 59,5

[dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB] [dB]

ΔL in frequency [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz]

100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500 3150

2,9 5,8 9,0 11,9 14,8 17,9 21,0 23,9 26,9 30,0 32,9 35,8 39,0 41,9 44,8 47,9

5,5 8,5 11,7 14,6 17,5 20,5 23,6 26,5 29,5 32,6 35,5 38,5 41,7 44,6 47,5 50,5

7,4 10,3 13,5 16,5 19,4 22,4 25,5 28,4 31,4 34,5 37,4 40,3 43,5 46,5 49,4 52,4

EN ISO 12354-2 Annex C - formula C.4

ΔLw = 13 lg m’ - 14,2 lg s’ + 20,8 dB

8,9 11,8 15,0 17,9 20,8 23,8 26,9 29,8 32,9 36,0 38,9 41,8 45,0 47,9 50,8 53,8

10,1 13,0 16,2 19,1 22,0 25,0 28,1 31,0 34,0 37,2 40,1 43,0 46,2 49,1 52,0 55,0

11,1 14,0 17,2 20,1 23,0 26,0 29,1 32,0 35,0 38,2 41,1 44,0 47,2 50,1 53,0 56,0

11,9 14,8 18,1 21,0 23,9 26,9 30,0 32,9 35,9 39,0 41,9 44,8 48,1 51,0 53,9 56,9

EN ISO 12354-2 Annex C - formula C.1

ΔL = 30 lg f dB f0

EN ISO 12354-2 Annex C - formula C.2

f0 = 160

s’ m’

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 199

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1

Concrete screed (thickness: 50 mm); (2600 kg/m3); (130 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR20 (thickness: 20 mm) CLT 5 layers (thickness: 200 mm); (420 kg/m3); (84 kg/m2)

2 3

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION f

Ln (dB) 90

[Hz]

[dB]

63,0

62,3

61,4

100

67,2

125

64,7

160

61,6

200

64,0

250

60,9

315

59,9

60 50

30 20

Ln,w(Cl) = 61 (-4) dB

IIC = 49

ΔLn,w = -25 dB(1)

ΔIIC = +25(2)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-L1.

200 | SILENT FLOOR PUR | IMPACT NOISE

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

400

57,6

500

55,5

630

55,8

800

55,3

1000

53,9

1250

56,2

1600

56,7

2000

54,1

2500

50,7

3150

48,3

4000

44,5

5000

38,6

ISO 717-2

NOTES: (1)

Decrease due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

(2)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1

1 2

Concrete screed (thickness: 50 mm); (2600 kg/m3); (130 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR20 (thickness: 20 mm) CLT 5 layers (thickness: 200 mm); (420 kg/m3); (84 kg/m2)

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Li,F,max (dB) 90

70 60 50

Li,F,max

[Hz]

[dB]

79,8

77,0

68,4

100

67,0

125

67,1

160

58,6

200

61,2

250

54,2

315

50,0

400

45,7

500

40,7

630

38,0

30 20

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

Li,F,max

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-L1.

IMPACT NOISE | SILENT FLOOR PUR | 201

SILENT FLOOR PE TECHNICAL MANUAL

CONTENTS ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS OF FLOORS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 SILENT FLOOR PE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 SILFLOORPE6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

SILFLOORPE10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

CONTENTS | SILENT FLOOR PE | 205

mass

SILENT FLOOR: spring

spring

structure: mass

mass

TAPPING MACHINE method The TAPPING MACHINE is used to simulate "light" and "hard" impacts, such as walking with heeled shoes or the impact caused by falling objects.

206 | ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS OF FLOORS | IMPACT NOISE

RUBBER BALL method

H = 1m +/- 0,01m

The RUBBER BALL is used to simulate "soft" and "heavy" impacts, such as a barefoot walk or a child jumping.

The resilient layer must be continuous because any gap would represent an acoustic bridge. When installing underscreed mats, care must be taken not to create discontinuities.

IIC vs Lw

The skirting board must be installed after the SILENT EDGE has been cut, ensuring that it is always suitably raised from the floor.

IMPACT NOISE | ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS OF FLOORS | 207

SILENT FLOOR PE RESILIENT UNDERSCREED MEMBRANE MADE OF CLOSED CELL PE

CLOSED CELL Thanks to the grid of closed cell polyethylene, the foil will not permanently deform and remains effective over time.

COST-PERFORMANCE Composition of the mixture optimised to provide both good performance and low cost.

VERSATILE This product is a versatile solution in any application where a light and flexible resilient product is required.

COMPOSITION closed cell expanded polyethylene

CODES AND DIMENSIONS CODE

thickness

[m]

[mm]

[m2]

SILFLOORPE6

1,55

77,5

SILFLOORPE10

1,30

SEVERAL USES The format and composition offer various uses in the construction field, also as under floor.

STABLE The grid of polyethylene foam is durable and does not suffer from issues associated with chemical actions or incompatibility of materials.

208 | ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS OF FLOORS | IMPACT NOISE

PRODUCT STRATIGRAPHY COMPARISON thickness

dynamic stiffness

estimate ΔLw

load

according to formula C.4 of EN ISO 12354-2

10 125 kg/m2

5 mm

43 MN/m3

200 kg/m2

250 kg/m2

125 kg/m2

10 mm

41 MN/m3

200 kg/m2

250 kg/m2

24,9 dB 27,5 dB 28,8 dB 25,2 dB 27,8 dB 29,1 dB

IMPACT NOISE | ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS OF FLOORS | 209

SILFLOORPE6 TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Thickness Surface mass m Apparent dynamic stiffness s’t Dynamic stiffness s’ Theoretical estimate of impact sound pressure level attenuation ΔLw(1) System resonance frequency f0(2) Impact sound pressure level attenuation ΔLw(3) Thermal resistance Rt Water vapour transmission Sd Water vapour resistance factor μ Density ρ Resistance to airflow r Thermal conductivity λ

EN 29052-1 EN 29052-1 ISO 12354-2 ISO 12354-2 ISO 10140-3 EN 12086 ISO 9053 French decree no. 2011-321

5 mm 0,15 kg/m2 43 MN/m3 43 MN/m3 24,9 dB 93,8 Hz 19 dB 0,13 m2K/W 24,1 m 5000 30 kg/m3 > 100.0 kPa·s·m-2 0,038 W/m·K

VOC emission classification

A+

(1) ΔL = (13 lg(m’))-(14,2 lg(s’))+20,8 [dB] with m’= 125 kg/m2. w (2) f = 160 √(s’/m’) with m’= 125 kg/m2. 0 (3) Measured in the laboratory on 200 mm CLT floor. See the manual for more information on configuration.

EN ISO 12354-2 ANNEX C | ESTIMATE ΔLW (formula C.4) E ΔL (formula C.1) The following tables show how the attenuation in dB (ΔLW e ΔL) of SILFLOORPE6 varies as the load m' (i.e., the surface mass of the layers with which SILFLOORPE6 is loaded) changes. SILFLOORPE6 s’t or s’

[MN/m3]

load m’

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

300

[kg/m2]

ΔLw

19,7

22,0

23,6

24,9

25,9

26,8

27,5

28,2

28,8

29,3

29,8

[dB]

148,4

121,2

104,9

93,8

85,7

79,3

74,2

69,9

66,4

63,3

60,6

[Hz]

100

-5,1

-2,5

-0,6

0,8

2,0

3,0

4,7

5,3

6.0

6,5

[dB]

[Hz]

125

-2,2

0,4

2,3

3,7

4,9

5,9

6,8

7,6

8,3

8,9

9,4

[dB]

[Hz]

160

1,0

3,6

5,5

7,0

8,1

9,1

10,0

10,8

11,5

12,1

12,7

[dB]

[Hz]

200

3,9

6,5

8,4

9,9

11,0

12,1

12,9

13,7

14,4

15,0

15,6

[dB]

[Hz]

250

6,8

9,4

11,3

12,8

14,0

15,0

15,8

16,6

17,3

17,9

18,5

[dB]

ΔL in frequency [Hz]

3,9

[Hz]

315

9,8

12,4

14,3

15,8

17,0

18,0

18,8

19,6

20,3

20,9

21,5

[dB]

[Hz]

400

12,9

15,6

17,4

18,9

20,1

21,1

22,0

22,7

23,4

24,0

24,6

[dB]

[Hz]

500

15,8

18,5

20,3

21,8

23,0

24,0

24,9

25,6

26,3

26,9

27,5

[dB]

[Hz]

630

18,8

21,5

23,4

24,8

26,0

27,0

27,9

28,6

29,3

29,9

30,5

[dB]

[Hz]

800

22,0

24,6

26,5

27,9

29,1

30,1

31,0

31,7

32,4

33,1

33,6

[dB]

[Hz]

1000

24,9

27,5

29,4

30,8

32,0

33,0

33,9

34,7

35,3

36,0

36,5

[dB]

[Hz]

1250

27,8

30,4

32,3

33,7

34,9

35,9

36,8

37,6

38,3

38,9

39,4

[dB]

[Hz]

1600

31,0

33,6

35,5

37,0

38,1

39,1

40,0

40,8

41,5

42,1

42,7

[dB]

[Hz]

2000

33,9

36,5

38,4

39,9

41,0

42,1

42,9

43,7

44,4

45,0

45,6

[dB]

[Hz]

2500

36,8

39,4

41,3

42,8

44,0

45,0

45,8

46,6

47,3

47,9

48,5

[dB]

[Hz]

3150

39,8

42,4

44,3

45,8

47,0

48,0

48,8

49,6

50,3

50,9

51,5

[dB]

EN ISO 12354-2 Allegato C - formula C.4

ΔLw = 13 lg m’ - 14,2 lg s’ + 20,8 dB

EN ISO 12354-2 Allegato C - formula C.2

f0 = 160

s’ m’

210 | SILFLOORPE6 | IMPACT NOISE

EN ISO 12354-2 Allegato C - formula C.1

ΔL = 30 lg f dB f0

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1

concrete screed (thickness: 50 mm); (2600 kg/m3); (130 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PE - SILFLOORPE5 (thickness: 5 mm); (30 kg/m3); (0,15 kg/m2) 3 CLT 5 layers (thickness: 200 mm); (420 kg/m3); (84 kg/m2)

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION f

Ln (dB) 90

80 70

[Hz]

[dB]

59,9

58,0

57,8

100

67,7

125

66,6

160

70,3

200

72,7

250

71,1

315

70,4

400

68,6

30 20

Ln,w (Cl) = 67 (-3) dB

IIC = 43

ΔLn,w = -19 dB(1)

ΔIIC = +19(2)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-L7.

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

500

66,1

630

64,7

800

63,4

1000

61,1

1250

60,6

1600

59,1

2000

2500

57,4

3150

55,8

4000

52,3

5000

48,0

ISO 717-2

NOTES: (1)

Decrease due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

(2)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

IMPACT NOISE | SILFLOORPE6 | 211

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT FLOOR 1

concrete screed (thickness: 50 mm); (2600 kg/m3); (130 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PE - SILFLOORPE5 (thickness: 5 mm); (30 kg/m3); (0,15 kg/m2) 3 CLT 5 layers (thickness: 200 mm); (420 kg/m3); (84 kg/m2)

IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Li,F,max (dB) f 90

Li,F,max

[Hz]

[dB]

75,8

71,4

61,7

100

68,9

60 50

125

67,2

160

67,8

200

68,9

250

62,5

315

58,5

400

53,9

500

48,5

630

44,3

Li,F,max 20

212 | SILFLOORPE6 | IMPACT NOISE

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol: Pr. 2022-rothoLATE-L7.

SILFLOORPE10 TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

EN 29052-1 EN 29052-1 ISO 12354-2 ISO 12354-2 ISO 10140-3 EN 12086 ISO 9053 French decree no. 2011-321

10 mm 0,30 kg/m2 41 MN/m3 41 MN/m3 25,2 dB 91,6 Hz 0,26 m2K/W 48,2 m 5000 30 kg/m3 > 100.0 kPa·s·m-2 0,038 W/m·K

VOC emission classification

A+

EN ISO 12354-2 ANNEX C | ESTIMATE ΔLW (formula C.4) E ΔL (formula C.1) The following tables show how the attenuation in dB (ΔLW e ΔL) of SILFLOORPE10 varies as the load m' (i.e., the surface mass of the layers with which SILFLOORPE10 is loaded) changes. SILFLOORPE10 s’t or s’

[MN/m3]

load m’

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

300

[kg/m2]

ΔLw

20,0

22,3

23,9

25,2

26,2

27,1

27,8

28,5

29,1

29,6

30,1

[dB]

144,9

118,3

102,4

91,6

83,7

77,4

72,4

68,3

64,8

61,8

59,1

[Hz]

100

-4,8

-2,2

-0,3

1,1

2,3

3,3

5,0

5,7

6,3

6,8

[dB]

ΔL in frequency [Hz]

4,2

[Hz]

125

-1,9

0,7

2,6

4,0

5,2

6,2

7,1

7,9

8,6

9,2

9,7

[dB]

[Hz]

160

1,3

3,9

5,8

7,3

8,4

9,5

10,3

11,1

11,8

12,4

13,0

[dB]

[Hz]

200

4,2

6,8

8,7

10,2

11,4

12,4

13,2

14,0

14,7

15,3

15,9

[dB]

[Hz]

250

7,1

9,7

11,6

13,1

14,3

15,3

16,1

16,9

17,6

18,2

18,8

[dB]

[Hz]

315

10,1

12,8

14,6

16,1

17,3

18,3

19,1

19,9

20,6

21,2

21,8

[dB]

[Hz]

400

13,2

15,9

17,7

19,2

20,4

21,4

22,3

23,0

23,7

24,3

24,9

[dB]

[Hz]

500

16,1

18,8

20,7

22,1

23,3

24,3

25,2

25,9

26,6

27,2

27,8

[dB]

[Hz]

630

19,1

21,8

23,7

25,1

26,3

27,3

28,2

28,9

29,6

30,3

30,8

[dB]

[Hz]

800

22,3

24,9

26,8

28,2

29,4

30,4

31,3

32,1

32,7

33,4

33,9

[dB]

[Hz]

1000

25,2

27,8

29,7

31,1

32,3

33,3

34,2

35,0

35,7

36,3

36,8

[dB]

[Hz]

1250

28,1

30,7

32,6

34,0

35,2

36,2

37,1

37,9

38,6

39,2

39,7

[dB]

[Hz]

1600

31,3

33,9

35,8

37,3

38,4

39,5

40,3

41,1

41,8

42,4

43,0

[dB]

[Hz]

2000

34,2

36,8

38,7

40,2

41,4

42,4

43.2

44,0

44,7

45,3

45,9

[dB]

[Hz]

2500

37,1

39,7

41,6

43,1

44,3

45,3

46,1

46,9

47,6

48,2

48,8

[dB]

[Hz]

3150

40,1

42,8

44,6

46,1

47,3

48,3

49,1

49,9

50,6

51,2

51,8

[dB]

EN ISO 12354-2 Allegato C - formula C.4

ΔLw = 13 lg m’ - 14,2 lg s’ + 20,8 dB

EN ISO 12354-2 Allegato C - formula C.1

ΔL = 30 lg f dB f0

EN ISO 12354-2 Allegato C - formula C.2

f0 = 160

s’ m’

IMPACT NOISE | SILFLOORPE10 | 213

SILENT WALL BYTUM TECHNICAL MANUAL

CONTENTS WALL ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 SILENT WALL BYTUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 1A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 1B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 2A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 2B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 3A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 3B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 4A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

INDEX | SILENT WALL BYTUM | 217

WALL ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS

WHAT IS AIRBORNE NOISE? Airborne noise is a set of sound waves that originates in the air and is then transmitted into adjacent rooms either by air or by structure. This is the main problem to be solved when designing vertical partitions in buildings.

AIRBORNE NOISE TRANSMISSION AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS The purpose of soundproofing measures is to minimise the transmission of sound from one room to another.

Airborne noise is transmitted to adjacent rooms either by air or by structure, following the paths represented by the arrows (lateral transmission).

The floor assembly reduces noise propagation through the ceiling. The use of resilient decoupling profiles reduces the propagation of airborne and structural noise.

The correct design of partition walls and of any false ceilings makes it possible to attenuate all types of noise propagation by preventing the transmission of airborne noise generated in the environment.

HOW DO YOU MEASURE SOUND REDUCTION?

microphone

The measurement is performed by activating a specific noise source in the emitting environment and measuring the sound pressure levels in both environments (emitter and receiver). The sound reduction is given by the difference of the two measured levels. Therefore, the higher the Rw value, the better the acoustic performance of the construction assembly.

microphone

source sound EMITTER

RECEIVER

SOUND SOURCE

218 | WALL ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS | SILENT WALL BYTUM

SOUNDPROOFING POWER... WHAT DOES IT MEAN “IN PRACTICE”? ?

Sound reduction is the ability to reduce noise transmission between one room and another. Sound insulation allows noise thresholds to be controlled and makes the building pleasant and comfortable.

a normal conversation can be easily heard and understood

25 dB

great attention is required to listen and understand a loud conversation a loud conversation can be heard but not understood

45 dB a loud conversation cannot be heard or understood

35 dB 20

a loud conversation can be easily heard and understood

a loud conversation is perceived as a murmur

30 dB

42 dB

53 dB

60 [dB]

only some loud conversations are audible

48 dB

SOUND REDUCTION R VS APPARENT SOUND REDUCTION R'

R’

Soundproofing power (R) is the performance of a partition measured in a

The apparent sound reduction (R'), on the other hand, indicates the performance measured on site

test laboratory

Dd Ff

Fd Df

The acoustic laboratories are constructed in such a way that the chambers are completely decoupled from each other, so that lateral transmissions are completely eliminated. For the same construction assembly and installation, the performance measured in the laboratory will therefore be better than the performance measured on site.

IMPORTANCE OF DETAILS In acoustic design, as in other fields, the design and correct implementation of details is very important. It is counter productive to design a high-performing construction assembly if discontinuities are neglected (holes, structure-to-doors/windows connection, wall intersections, etc.). Best practice that: to increase the sound reduction of a wall constructed of several elements, the sound reduction of the weakest element should be increased.

Rw vs STC

STC stands for Sound Transmission Classification. It indicates the sound reduction of a construction assembly by evaluating sound sources with frequencies between 125 and 4000 Hz. The higher the number, the better the performance.

SILENT WALL BYTUM | WALL ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS | 219

SILENT WALL BYTUM SOUNDPROOFING AND WATERPROOFING BITUMINOUS MEMBRANE

TESTED Thanks to its high surface mass (6 kg/m2), excellent reduction of airborne noise transmission can be achieved with minimal thicknesses. Also tested at the University of Bolzano.

PRACTICAL Mechanical fastening allows the membrane to be applied to any surface, compensating for irregularities.

COST-PERFORMANCE Composition of the mixture optimised to provide both good performance and low cost.

COMPOSITION non-woven polypropylene fabric waterproofing membrane made of elastoplastomeric bitumen non-woven polypropylene fabric

CODES AND DIMENSIONS CODE

SILWALL

thickness

surface mass

[m]

[mm]

[kg/m2]

[m2]

1,2

4,2

VERSATILE For any application where an increase in mass is required.

SAFE Made of elastoplastomeric bitumen, covered on both sides with a polypropylene non-woven fabric. Does not contain harmful substances.

220 | SILENT WALL BYTUM

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Thickness

4,2 mm

Surface mass m

6 kg/m2

Density ρ

1500 kg/m3

Resistance to airflow r

ISO 9053

> 100 kPa·s·m-2

Compressibility class

EN 12431

class CP2

CREEP viscous sliding under compression (1.6 kPa)

EN 1606

0,5 %

Increase of sound reduction ΔRw

(1)

ISO 10140-2

4 dB

Vibration damping - loss factor η (200 Hz)

ASTM E756

0,25

Thermal resistance Rt

0,1 m2K/W

Thermal conductivity λ

0,7 W/m·K

Specific heat c

900 J/kg·K

Water vapour resistance factor μ

EN 12086

20000

Water vapour transmission Sd

80 m

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

(1)Measured in the laboratory on a 170 mm timber-framed wall. See the manual for more information on configuration.

WALL ASSEMBLIES THIN ACOUSTIC UPGRADES Bonded coating is a commonly used method for acoustic upgrades because it allows, in just a few centimetres of thickness, a significant improvement in the sound rating of the partition.

Add mass by coupling SILENT WALL BYTUM or SILENT WALL BYTUM SA to the plasterboard sheet

FLOORS ASSEMBLIES ACOUSTIC UPGRADES FROM ABOVE

Cover the underside of the floor by applying a resilient layer PIANO A, SILENT UNDERFLOOR, GEMINI, GIPS BAND, CONSTRUCTION SEALING to the joists and by adding mass to the plasterboard sheet with SILENT WALL BYTUM or SILENT WALL BYTUM SA

Values obtained through calculations from experimental data.

INSTALLATIONS Solutions vary depending on the type of construction and acoustic requirements.

Create a mechanical, electrical, plumbing (MEP) enclosure and use SILENT WALL BYTUM or SILENT WALL BYTUM SA to improve its sound reduction

SILENT WALL BYTUM | 221

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 1A MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2, EN ISO 717-1 WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 48,3 kg/m2 Receiving environment volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room

2 1

2X Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4,2 mm), (1500 kg/m3), (6 kg/m2) 3 Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 60 mm), (70 kg/m3) 2x OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

2 3

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

30,0

25,0

21,0

100

26,2

125

28,6

160

28,1

70 60 50

30 20

STC = 49

ΔRw = +8 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +8(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R3a

5000

3150

4000

2500

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 49 (-3;-8) dB

222 | SILENT WALL BYTUM

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

200

37,8

250

41,6

315

43,7

400

44,5

500

44,7

630

49,6

800

51,9

1000

54,2

1250

56,8

1600

57,5

2000

56,6

2500

55,2

3150

54,7

4000

60,0

5000

60,6

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 1B MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2, EN ISO 717-1 WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 72,3 kg/m2 Receiving environment volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

2 1

2x Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM (thickness: 4,2 mm), (1500 kg/m3), (6 kg/m2) 3 Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 60 mm), (70 kg/m3) 2x OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

SILENT WALL BYTUM (thickness: 4,2 mm), (1500 kg/m3), (6 kg/m2) 5 2x Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

29,4

25,2

20,7

100

32,9

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 55 (-3;-9) dB

STC = 54

ΔRw = +14 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +13(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R3b

5000

4000

3150

2500

2000

1600

1250

800

1000

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

125

30,1

160

35,3

200

44,3

250

48,1

315

51,6

400

51,8

500

51,7

630

53,9

800

56,9

1000

60,2

1250

64,8

1600

67,1

2000

67,0

2500

66,1

3150

63,6

4000

64,9

5000

62,0

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,4 and no. 5.

SILENT WALL BYTUM | 223

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 2A MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2, EN ISO 717-1 WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 39,3 kg/m2 Receiving environment volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

2 3

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

29,2

24,8

18,1

100

24,3

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 48 (-3;-8) dB

STC = 48

ΔRw = +7 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +7(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R4a

224 | SILENT WALL BYTUM

5000

4000

3150

2500

1600

2000

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

125

27,0

160

27,0

200

36,8

250

41,2

315

42,8

400

43,1

500

43,8

630

49,7

800

51,5

1000

53,9

1250

55,5

1600

55,5

2000

54,7

2500

54,5

3150

55,2

4000

59,7

5000

60,6

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 2B MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2, EN ISO 717-1 WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 54,3 kg/m2 Receiving environment volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

2 1

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM (thickness: 4,2 mm), (1500 kg/m3), (6 kg/m2) 5 Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

27,3

24,1

21,7

100

28,4

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 53 (-4;-10) dB

STC = 50

ΔRw = +12 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +9(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R4b

5000

4000

3150

2500

2000

1600

1250

800

1000

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

125

26,1

160

34,6

200

42,4

250

46,1

315

49,1

400

50,9

500

51,3

630

54,4

800

56,6

1000

59,1

1250

63,2

1600

65,5

2000

66,9

2500

66,9

3150

65,7

4000

69,0

5000

66,2

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,4 and no. 5.

SILENT WALL BYTUM | 225

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 3A MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2, EN ISO 717-1 WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 43,0 kg/m2 Receiving environment volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

2 3

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3); (9 kg/m2)

GIPS BAND (thickness: 3 mm); (25 kg/m3) 3 Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm) timber battens 40 x 60 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 40mm), (38 kg/m3)

4 5

receiving room

SILENT WALL BYTUM (thickness: 4,2 mm), (1500 kg/m3), (6 kg/m2) Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 60 mm), (70 kg/m3) 2x OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 90

70 60 50

[Hz]

[dB]

23,5

18,3

20,6

100

22,4

125

23,3

160

30,0

200

38,7

250

45,8

315

47,6

400

51,6

500

53,2

630

57,8

800

60,5

1000

62,5

STC = 47

ΔRw = +10 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +6(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R11a

5000

4000

3150

2500

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 51 (-5;-12) dB

226 | SILENT WALL BYTUM

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

1250

62,9

1600

63,3

2000

63,2

2500

63,5

3150

61,7

4000

68,5

5000

74,0

FRAME (n.5)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,3 and no. 4.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 3B MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2, EN ISO 717-1 WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 61,7 kg/m2 Receiving environment volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

GIPS BAND (thickness: 3 mm); (25 kg/m3) Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm) timber battens 40 x 60 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 40 mm), (38 kg/m³)

SILENT WALL BYTUM (thickness: 4,2 mm), (1500 kg/m3), (6 kg/m2) 5 Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 60 mm), (70 kg/m3) 2x OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

4 6

7 8

SILENT WALL BYTUM (thickness: 4,2 mm), (1500 kg/m3), (6 kg/m2) 7 Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm) timber battens 40 x 60 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 40 mm), (38 kg/m³)

receiving room

8 9

GIPS BAND (thickness: 3 mm); (25 kg/m3) Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

AIRBORNE SOUND SILENT WALL BYTUM INSULATION _ R11b R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 54 (-6;-13) dB

STC = 50

ΔRw = +16 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +9(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R11b

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

23,2

13,1

20,0

100

23,7

125

26,1

160

33,1

200

44,2

250

52,7

315

55,8

400

57,6

500

62,6

630

66,9

800

70,1

1000

74,1

1250

74,4

1600

77,0

2000

78,4

2500

74,7

3150

66,9

4000

71,1

5000

75,3

FRAME (n.5)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,3,4,6,7,8 and no. 9.

SILENT WALL BYTUM | 227

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 4A MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2, EN ISO 717-1 WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 43 kg/m2 Receiving environment volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

2 3

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM (thickness: 4,2 mm), (1500 kg/m3), (6 kg/m2) 3 Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm) timber battens 40 x 60 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 40 mm), (38 kg/m³)

4 5

receiving room

GIPS BAND (thickness: 3 mm); (25 kg/m3) (0,075 kg/m2) Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 60 mm), (70 kg/m3) 2x OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

24,9

19,2

22,8

70 60 50

30 20

STC = 53

ΔRw = +12 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +12(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R9a

5000

3150

4000

2500

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 53 (-4;-10) dB

228 | SILENT WALL BYTUM

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

100

25,1

125

29,0

160

34,4

200

41,3

250

45,8

315

49,3

400

49,7

500

51,7

630

56,6

800

57,7

1000

58,5

1250

59,1

1600

59,6

2000

60,0

2500

60,4

3150

61,7

4000

67,5

5000

73,4

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,3 and no. 4.

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA TECHNICAL MANUAL

CONTENTS WALL ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 SILENT WALL BYTUM SA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT WALL 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT WALL 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 1A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 1B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 2A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 2B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

INDEX | SILENT WALL BYTUM SA | 232

WALL ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS

AIRBORNE NOISE TRANSMISSION AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS The purpose of soundproofing measures is to minimise the transmission of sound from one room to another.

Airborne noise is transmitted to adjacent rooms either by air or by structure, following the paths represented by the arrows (lateral transmission).

The floor assembly reduces noise propagation through the ceiling. The use of resilient decoupling profiles reduces the propagation of airborne and structural noise.

HOW DO YOU MEASURE SOUND REDUCTION?

microphone

source sound EMITTER

RECEIVER

SOUND SOURCE

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA | WALL ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS | 233

SOUNDPROOFING POWER... WHAT DOES IT MEAN “IN PRACTICE”? ?

Sound reduction is the ability to reduce noise transmission between one room and another. Sound insulation allows noise thresholds to be controlled and makes the building pleasant and comfortable.

a normal conversation can be easily heard and understood

25 dB

great attention is required to listen and understand a loud conversation a loud conversation can be heard but not understood

45 dB a loud conversation cannot be heard or understood

35 dB 20

a loud conversation can be easily heard and understood

a loud conversation is perceived as a murmur

30 dB

42 dB

53 dB

60 [dB]

only some loud conversations are audible

48 dB

SOUND REDUCTION R VS APPARENT SOUND REDUCTION R'

R’

Soundproofing power (R) is the performance of a partition measured in a

The apparent sound reduction (R'), on the other hand, indicates the performance measured on site

test laboratory

Dd Ff

Fd Df

Rw vs STC

234 | WALL ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS | SILENT WALL BYTUM SA

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA SOUNDPROOFING AND WATERPROOFING SELF-ADHESIVE BITUMINOUS MEMBRANE

NOISE REDUCTION Due to its high surface mass (5 kg/m2), the membrane absorbs up to 27 dB. Also tested in different configurations at the University of Bolzano.

SELF-ADHESIVE Thanks to its self-adhesive side, installation of the membrane is fast and precise in both horizontal and vertical applications and without mechanical fastening.

PRACTICAL The pre-cut removable film makes the sound-insulating membrane easier to install.

COMPOSITION non-woven polypropylene fabric waterproofing membrane made of elastoplastomeric bitumen adhesive removable silicone film

CODES AND DIMENSIONS CODE

SILWALLSA

thickness

surface mass

[m]

[mm]

[kg/m2]

[m2]

8,5

HERMETIC Watertight and airtight, sealing of penetrations for mechanical fasteners is not required.

WITHOUT LEAD Made of self-adhesive elastoplastomeric bitumen, it does not contain lead or harmful substances.

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA | 235

TECHNICAL DATA Properties

standard

value

Thickness

4 mm

Surface mass m

5 kg/m2

Density ρ

1250 kg/m3

Resistance to airflow r

ISO 9053

> 100 kPa·s·m-2

> 85000 Hz

Critical frequency Increase of sound reduction ΔRw

(1)

ISO 10140-2

4 dB

Vibration damping - loss factor η (200 Hz)

ASTM E756

0,26

Thermal resistance Rt

0,023 m2K/W

Thermal conductivity λ

0,17 W/m·K

Specific heat c

1200 J/kg·K

Water vapour resistance factor μ

EN 12086

100000

Water vapour transmission Sd

approx. 400 m

Reaction to fire

EN 13501-1

class E

(1)Measured in the laboratory on a 170 mm timber-framed wall. See the manual for more information on configuration.

Add mass by coupling SILENT WALL BYTUM or SILENT WALL BYTUM SA to the plasterboard sheet

FLOORS ASSEMBLIES ACOUSTIC UPGRADES FROM ABOVE

Values obtained through calculations from experimental data.

INSTALLATIONS Solutions vary depending on the type of construction and acoustic requirements.

Create a mechanical, electrical, plumbing (MEP) enclosure and use SILENT WALL BYTUM or SILENT WALL BYTUM SA to improve its sound reduction

236 | SILENT WALL BYTUM SA

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT WALL 1 AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 10140-2

3 4

5 6

7 10

plasterboard panel (thickness: 12,5 mm)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm)

plasterboard panel (thickness: 12,5 mm)

solid wood batten (thickness: 60 mm)

low density mineral wool insulation (thickness: 60 mm)

CLT panel (thickness: 100 mm)

low density mineral wool insulation (thickness: 60 mm)

solid wood batten (thickness: 60 mm)

plasterboard panel (thickness: 12,5 mm)

10 SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm) 11

plasterboard panel (thickness: 12,5 mm)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION

R (dB) 80

Rw (C;Ctr) = 59 (-2;-7) dB

ISO 717-2

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

f (Hz)

STRUCTURE WITHOUT SILENT WALL BYTUM SA

[Hz]

[dB]

21,5

13,1

25,6

100

34,9

125

46,1

160

44,5

200

46,0

250

50,2

315

50,2

400

51,3

500

53,4

630

57,1

800

61,8

1000

64,5

1250

67,8

1600

71,0

2000

72,3

2500

74,6

3150

75,0

4000

74,9

5000

73,3 59

STCASTAM = 59

ΔRw = +5 dB(1) Testing laboratory: University of Padua Test protocol: test 2017.

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (layers 2 and 10)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA | 237

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | CLT WALL 2 AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION ACCORDING TO ISO 10140-2

2 3

plasterboard panel (thickness: 12,5 mm)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm)

3 CLT (thickness: 100 mm)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION

R (dB) 80

Rw (C;Ctr) = 37 (-1;-4) dB

ISO 717-2

5000

3150

2000

1250

800

500

315

200

125

f (Hz)

CLT (s: 100 mm)

STCASTAM = 36

ΔRw = +6 dB(1) Testing laboratory: University of Padua Test protocol: test 2017.

238 | SILENT WALL BYTUM SA

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

[Hz]

[dB]

100

28,5

125

29,4

160

26,3

200

26,8

250

25,1

315

25,7

400

27,5

500

30,8

630

34,5

800

39,1

1000

43,3

1250

47,7

1600

51,3

2000

56,0

2500

58,2

3150

58,3

4000 5000

60,2 62,4 37

transmitting room 1

2 3

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2) 3 Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm) timber battens 40 x 60 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 40mm), (38 kg/m3)

GIPS BAND (thickness: 3 mm); (25 kg/m3) (0,075 kg/m2) Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 60mm), (70 kg/m3) 2x OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

4 5

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

24,1

18,5

22,1

100

24,1

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 52 (-4;-11) dB

STC = 51

ΔRw = +11 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +10(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R10a

5000

4000

3150

2500

1600

2000

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

125

27,3

160

33,5

200

39,3

250

44,6

315

48,7

400

51,6

500

52,6

630

57,9

800

59,6

1000

59,9

1250

61,2

1600

63,6

2000

65,3

2500

66,9

3150

66,9

4000

71,0

5000

76,4

FRAME (n.5)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,3 and no. 4.

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA | 239

transmitting room 1

2 3

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2) Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm) timber battens 40 x 60 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 40 mm), (38 kg/m³)

3 5

GIPS BAND (thickness: 3 mm); (25 kg/m3) (0,075 kg/m2) 5 Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 60mm), (70 kg/m3) 2x OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

4 6

7 8

receiving room

GIPS BAND (thickness: 3 mm); (25 kg/m3) (0,075 kg/m2) 7 Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm) timber battens 40 x 60 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 40 mm), (38 kg/m³)

8 9

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2) Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

20,9

11,1

26,3

100

27,4

70 60 50

125

31,4

160

38,2

200

44,7

250

53,4

315

60,4

400

62,0

500

66,7

630

68,8

800

70,7

1000

73,7

1250

74,7

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 57 (-4;-12) dB

STC = 55

ΔRw = +16 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +14(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R10b

240 | SILENT WALL BYTUM SA

5000

4000

3150

2500

2000

1600

1250

800

1000

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

1600

76,8

2000

80,3

2500

83,7

3150

82,9

4000

84,2

5000

83,5

FRAME (n.5)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,3,4,6,7,8 and no. 9.

transmitting room 1

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2) Counter wall (thickness: 50 mm) C-shaped profiles (thickness: 50 mm) - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 40 mm), (38 kg/m³) 4 Air (thickness: 10 mm) 5 Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 60mm), (70 kg/m3) 2x OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³) 2 3

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

19,2

14,7

28,4

70 60 50

30 20

STC = 54

ΔRw = +18 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +13(1)

5000

4000

3150

2500

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 59 (-5;-13) dB

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R14a

2000

1600

1250

1000

630

800

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

100

29,5

125

30,5

160

40,6

200

46,8

250

55,4

315

60,0

400

64,4

500

66,5

630

70,6

800

72,8

1000

75,5

1250

74,8

1600

73,4

2000

73,3

2500

77,5

3150

79,5

4000

81,9

5000

82,4

FRAME (n.5)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,3 and no. 4.

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA | 241

transmitting room 1

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

6 7 8

receiving room

6 7

8 9

Air (thickness: 10 mm) Counter wall (thickness: 40 mm) C-shaped profiles (thickness: 50 mm) - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 40 mm), (38 kg/m³) SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2) Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION SILENT WALL BYTUM SA _ R14b R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

STC = 65

ΔRw = +29 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +24(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R14b

5000

4000

3150

2500

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 70 (-7;-15) dB

242 | SILENT WALL BYTUM SA

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

19,0

13,8

32,1

100

37,1

125

40,6

160

53,3

200

62,3

250

69,0

315

71,3

400

70,0

500

73,8

630

74,4

800

75,4

1000

78,9

1250

78,9

1600

80,5

2000

83,0

2500

85,8

3150

84,6

4000

84,5

5000

83,6

FRAME (n.5)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,4,6,7,8 and no. 9.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 3 MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2, EN ISO 717-1 WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 38,3 kg/m2 Receiving environment volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room

2 1

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2) 3 Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 60mm), (70 kg/m3) 2x OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

27,8

22,6

23,4

100

26,4

125

24,7

160

28,1

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 48 (-3;-8) dB

STC = 49

ΔRw = +7 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +8(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R1a

5000

3150

4000

2500

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

200

37,1

250

40,2

315

42,6

400

43,8

500

43,6

630

49,7

800

52,3

1000

55,3

1250

55,3

1600

56,0

2000

55,1

2500

56,0

3150

56,6

4000

60,5

5000

61,3

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1 and no. 2.

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA | 243

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 4 MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2, EN ISO 717-1 WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 70,3 kg/m2 Receiving environment volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

2 1

2X Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2) 5 2X Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

receiving room

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB)

[Hz]

[dB]

28,5

22,9

23,8

100

30,9

70 60 50

30 20

STC = 55

ΔRw = +14 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +14(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R2b

5000

3150

4000

2500

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 55 (-2;-8) dB

244 | SILENT WALL BYTUM SA

2000

1600

1250

1000

800

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

125

31,2

160

39,6

200

45,1

250

49,5

315

51,1

400

52,0

500

50,0

630

52,5

800

56,8

1000

60,0

1250

64,9

1600

67,1

2000

67,8

2500

68,5

3150

65,5

4000

64,9

5000

61,8

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,4 and no. 5.

LABORATORY MEASUREMENT | FRAME WALL 5 MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION EVALUATION INDEX REFERENCE STANDARD: ISO 10140-2, EN ISO 717-1 WALL Surface = 10,16 m² Surface mass = 52,9 kg/m2 Receiving environment volume = 60,6 m3

transmitting room 1

Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2)

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 strips (thickness: 10 mm) Timber frame (thickness: 170 mm) timber struts 60 x 140 mm - spacing 600 mm rock wool (thickness: 60mm), (70 kg/m3) 2x OSB (thickness: 15 mm), (550 kg/m³)

4 7

receiving room

SILENT FLOOR PUR - SILFLOORPUR10 strips (thickness: 10 mm)

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA (thickness: 4 mm), (1250 kg/m3), 5 kg/m2) Plasterboard (thickness: 12,5 mm); (720 kg/m3) (9 kg/m2)

AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION R (dB) 90

70 60 50

30 20

ISO 717-1

Rw(C;Ctr) = 54 (-3;-9) dB

STC = 54

ΔRw = +13 dB(1)

ΔSTC = +13(1)

Testing laboratory: Building Physics Lab | Libera Università di Bolzano. Test protocol:Pr.2022-rothoLATE-R5b

5000

4000

3150

2500

2000

1600

1250

800

1000

630

500

400

315

250

200

160

125

100

f (Hz)

[Hz]

[dB]

26,1

20,6

21,9

100

27,9

125

29,8

160

35,8

200

43,2

250

43,8

315

47,0

400

53,2

500

57,0

630

62,3

800

63,7

1000

65,1

1250

66,8

1600

67,6

2000

67,7

2500

69,6

3150

67,0

4000

66,0

5000

62,8

FRAME (n.3)

NOTES : (1)

Increase due to the addition of layers no. 1,2,3,4,5,6 and no. 7.

SILENT WALL BYTUM SA | 245

Rotho Blaas Srl does not guarantee the legal and/or design conformity of data and calculations, as Rotho Blass provides indicative tools such as technical-commercial service within the sales activity. Rotho Blaas Srl follows a policy of continuous development of its products, thereby reserving the right to modify their characteristics, technical specifications and other documentation without notice. The user or the designer are responsible to verify, at each use, the conformity of the data to the regulations in force and to the project. The ultimate responsibility for choosing the appropriate product for a specific application lies with the user/designer. The values resulting from "experimental investigations" are based on the actual test results and valid only for the test conditions specified. Rotho Blaas Srl does not guarantee and in no case can be held responsible for damages, losses and costs or other consequences, for any reason (warranty for defects, warranty for malfunction, product or legal responsibility, etc.) deriving from the use or inability to use the products for any purpose; from non-conforming use of the product; Rotho Blaas Srl is not liable in any way for any errors in printing and/or typing. In the event of differences between the contents of the catalogue versions in the various languages, the Italian text is binding and takes precedence with respect to the translations. Pictures are partially completed with accessories not included. Images are for illustration purposes only. Packaged quantities may vary. This catalogue is private property of Rotho Blaas Srl and may not be copied, reproduced or published, totally or in part, without prior written consent. All violations will be prosecuted according to law. The general purchase conditions of Rotho Blaas Srl are available on the website www.rothoblaas. com. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2022 by Rotho Blaas Srl All renderings © Rotho Blaas Srl

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