The Ontarion - 190.4 by The Ontarion

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190.4 | APRIL 2021

P 8 P 14 & 15

THEONTARION.COM

Bets and risks: The modern stock trade industry The dangerous reality TikTok is creating P 17

Origami decoration ideas for Easter

APRIL 2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS

YOUR FAVOURITE STORE FOR ALL THINGS FANDOM.

NEWS 3.

Grocery retail research hopes to influence pandemic protocols

ON the Radar

Creating a space on campus for Indigenous Food Sovereignty

Using art for wellness, restoration, and self-expression

HeforShe: Solidarity movement celebrated at U of G

ARTS & CULTURE 8.

Bets and risks: The modern stock trade industry

Marvel Studios makes a long awaited return with WandaVision

10.

Nomadland is a meandering and listless tribute to America's nomadic citizens

12.

Learn about Scottish tourism through historical ephemera

13.

Pandemic book list: Three books exploring the significance of home

16.

From house to table

17.

Origami decoration ideas for Easter

18 & 19. How to effectively shoot black and white photography

OPINION 14 & 15. The dangerous reality TikTok is creating 20.

Diary of a Vet Student: Changing curricula: Phase 4

21.

Opinion: U of G needs to work on its zero-tolerance policy

SPORTS & HEALTH 22.

Egg-cellent Easter Eats

23.

Feminine product line comes under fire for problematic marketing

FUN STUFF 24.

April To-Do List

25 & 26. Fun Pages

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Editor-in-Chief Ellyse McGarr Print Editor Taylor Pace Digital Editor Eleni Kopsaftis Staff Reporter Allan Sloan

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DIRECTORS

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The Ontarion is a non-profit organization governed by a Board of Directors. Since The Ontarion undertakes the publishing of student work, the opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of The Ontarion staff and Board of Directors. The Ontarion reserves the right to edit or refuse all material deemed sexist, racist, homophobic, or otherwise unfit for publication as determined by the Editor-in-Chief. Material of any form appearing in this newspaper is copyrighted 2020 and cannot be reprinted without the approval of the Editor-in-Chief. The Ontarion retains the right of first publication on all material. In the event that an advertiser is not satisfied with an advertisement in the newspaper, they must notify The Ontarion within four working days of publication. The Ontarion will not be held responsible for advertising mistakes beyond the cost of advertisement. The Ontarion is printed by Hamilton Web Printing.

NEWS

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5 | FOOD SOVEREIGNTY

6 | USING ART FOR WELLNESS

7 | HEFORSHE AT U OF G

Grocery retail research hopes to influence pandemic protocols Assistant professor Eric Nost and PhD candidate Emily Duncan are conducting research into COVID-19 protocols at local grocery retailers in hopes of improving pandemic policies ELENI KOPSAFTIS

t has been a month since Ontario declared its province-wide lockdown to be over, and as the province opens itself back up under the colour-coded zone guidelines, it’s been hard to keep track of just what is open and what isn’t.

Assistant professor Eric Nost teaches in the department of geography, environment and geomatics, and is working with PhD candidate Emily Duncan to research whether the safety measures in place for grocery workers have

FreshCo. Due to pandemic safety regulations, respondents were recruited through social media and all interviews were conducted virtually. “Employees recounted how the supply chain was disrupted at

Assistant professor Eric Nost teaches in the department of geography, environment and geomatics, and is working with Emily Duncan to research whether the safety measures in place for grocery workers have been necessary or effective. CREDIT: ERIC NOST

However, throughout each lockdown and zone change, grocery stores have remained open for the entire pandemic. Alongside workers in other essential services like health care, grocery staff have made up a substantial portion of those still interacting with the public since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this, grocery workers have not been added to the priority list for vaccination.

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been necessary or effective. “I was inspired to pursue this research because my mom has been a grocery retail worker for many years,” Duncan told The Ontarion. “As the pandemic started, these workers were put in vulnerable positions working with the public during such a hazardous time.” Their research is funded by the University of Guelph COVID-19 Research Development and Catalyst Fund, and they hope to develop evidence-based recommendations for public policy and health measures for current and potential future outbreaks. To accomplish this, Nost and Duncan interviewed 29 grocery store employees from several major grocery store brands in Guelph including Food Basics, Zehrs, No Frills, Walmart, Metro, and

the very beginning of the pandemic with people panic buying, and they were able to describe what stores were out of and the process of dealing with these shortages,” Duncan said in regards to the research results. “Additionally, workers recounted that while some people were very grateful to them for their service during the pandemic, there was also an increased level of tension within the stores. Workers had to take on new responsibilities to enforce pandemic protocols among customers and to increase sanitation levels in the store.” U of G bachelor of science student Isabella Mangiapane recounts her own experiences as an employee at Longo’s Fruit Brothers Supermarket in Burlington, Ont., telling The Ontarion that the

changes made to store operations in light of the pandemic have been nothing but beneficial and efficient. “Even before the local legislation mandated the six foot social distancing rule and the wearing of masks in food retailers, the company I worked for made it a requirement for all team members and customers to follow these rules to be allowed to shop in the store,” said Mangiapane. “Currently, these measures are still in place, along with hand sanitizing stations, the 50 to 100 person limit in the store at one time, and team member COVID screenings before the beginning of shifts.” Mangiapane has been in the food retail industry since 2015, working during high school and over many summers. “Working for a food retailer is part of being an essential worker in our communities, and im-

As the pandemic started, these workers were put in vulnerable positions working with the public during such a hazardous time. — Emily Duncan plementing these changes ensures we all stay safe and healthy, especially since we come into contact with various customers during our shifts,” Mangiapane said. “All transitions to new procedures were smooth, were implemented very quickly, and were met with a positive response from team members and customers.” So far, Duncan and Nost’s

U of G PhD candidate Emily Duncan was inspired to work alongside Eric Nost thanks to her mother, who has been a grocery retail worker for many years. CREDIT: EMILY DUNCAN

research has determined similar sentiments from Guelph grocery workers. According to Duncan, workers felt that capacity limitations, mask by-laws, the installation of plexiglass and directional arrows were important measures that made them feel safer. Generally, workers want these safety measures to be kept in place. Online grocery ordering has also become crucial to the industry with services like Instacart becoming popular among Guelph shoppers. Duncan and professor Nost’s research shows that many employees gained an additional $2 per hour between March 2020 and June 2020 during the “height of the pandemic.” This raise has since been discontinued by all major grocery stores despite workers feeling “as though there is still an heightened level of hazards associated with their jobs during the pandemic,” said Duncan. She states that even with the temporary increase in pay, many of these workers do not make a living wage in Guelph. “I hope this research will help food retail corporations and policy-makers in Canada realize the importance of grocery stores in society and that essential workers deserve a living wage,” said Duncan. “Also that grocery store workers should be prioritized in terms of vaccination processes in Canada.”

ON THE RADAR

SINCE

1951

CSA WELCOMES NEWLY ELECTED MEMBERS, WILL NOT BE ALTERING STUDENT HEALTH COVERAGE After the 2021 Winter General Election, the Central Student Association (CSA) has gained a new board of executives and directors, and referendum results show some students leaning towards an updated university health plan. Following a total submission of 2,317 ballots, the CSA Elections Office ratified the results of the election on Feb. 24, introducing Nicole Walker as its new president with 945 votes in favour. Her opposition, Alex Charette, received 729 votes in favour while the remaining 626 submitted ballots declined a vote. Other executive members elected for the upcoming semesters include Sara Kuwatly, who returns as VP student experience, Lisa Kazuhara as VP academic, and Shilik Hamad as VP external. Each candidate received an overwhelming vote in favour of them with over 1,500 submitted “yes” votes. This semester’s election also included a referendum on the Universal Group Health Insurance Program. The program, currently in place for students at U of G, contains no opt-out option, is priced at an annual $140 per policy year, and has “the potential to increase annually by the Consumer Price Index (CPI).” According to the CSA’s website, CPI for the 2020 to 2021 school year has been just over two per cent. Despite proposing this alternative plan, the CSA supported the “no vote,” stating on their website that an opt-out option could cost students significantly more. This reasoning is based on the results of the opt-out option for the 20202021 dental plan in which 81 per cent of students decided not to opt out. While the quorum for candidate elections was met, the quorum for the referendum was not. It required at least 20 per cent of the total undergraduate student population to participate but only received close to nine per cent. As a result, the proposed health plan will not be taking effect, and the current health plan will remain in place.

UNIVERSITY CENTRE HOSTS COVID-19 VACCINATION CLINIC On March 15, the U of G's COVID-19 vaccination clinic opened in the University Centre (UC) in partnership with the Wellington-Dufferin-Guelph (WDG) Health Unit and the Guelph Family Health Team. As the vaccine is not yet available to the general public, only those who are eligible at this time may book an appointment. This includes adults aged 80 or over, Indigenous adults, long-term care and retirement home staff, essential caregivers

in long-term care or high risk retirement homes, adult recipients of chronic home care, and certain health care workers and emergency responders. To book an appointment, the WDG Health Unit requires registration through its online portal. For assistance with appointment bookings, U of G suggests calling 1-844-780-0202 to speak with staff servicing the Public Health Vaccine Registration and Booking Help Line. Directions to the clinic are available on the U of G website. The UC is still open Monday to Friday from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. and Brass Taps remains available for takeout service. Commercial business inside the building will also remain in operation during the vaccination clinic, and visitors are encouraged to enter through the east doors.

MOST UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH CLASSES TO RETURN TO IN-PERSON, ON CAMPUS LEARNING FOR THE FALL SEMESTER On March 22, the University of Guelph announced that students can expect to return to campus for the fall 2021 semester. Interim Provost and Vice-President (Academic) Gwen Chapman emailed students updating them on plans for the fall semester, “based on what public health experts predict the situation will be in September.” The school is anticipating having face-to-face delivery for most courses, in light of the positive developments with the vaccine rollout, and advice from Wellington-Dufferin-Guelph Public Health. For some classes, however, a hybrid approach is likely to be adopted. “We anticipate some faculty will leverage remote technologies and teaching approaches that have proven effective during the past year to make greater use of blended and hybrid teaching,” Chapman said. She also noted that the school is planning to have a range of activities and services available on campus during the fall, including “athletics, student wellness, experiential learning, career development and student housing.” There will even be an orientation week to welcome students back to campus. In the email, Chapman noted that the school’s top priority is the health and wellness of those on campus, so while in-person classes will be back in action, students can expect to see “some health and safety measures” in place in the fall. “Working together, we will help ensure that the University is ready to safely welcome people back to our campuses come September,” she said.

#ONTHE R ADAR @ T H E O N TA R I O N

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING NOTICE Thursday April 8, 2021 at 6:00 PM If you are unsure if you are a member entitled to attend this meeting, or are a member but have not yet received an invitation, please email ajacklin@theontarion.com

AGE NDA 1. Call to Order 1.1 Review how to use Google Meet to participate 1.2 Approval of the Agenda 1.3 Approval of Minutes from AGM 2019 2. Overview 2.1 Introduction of Board and Staﬀ 2.2 "What is an AGM?" 2.3 Questions about AGM and how to participate 3. Items of Information 3.1 Update on AGM 2020 3.2 President's Report 3.3 Executive Director's Report 3.4 Editor-in-Chief's Report 3.5 Treasurer's Report 3.6 Year-end Financial Statements 4. Items for Action 4.1 Acceptance of Year-end Financial Statements 4.2 Board Elections (None) 5. Adjournment

CURRENT BOARD OF DIRECTORS:

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBERS:

• Alex Lefebvre - President • Miguel Mabalay - Chair • Annie O'Keefe - Treasurer • Kanza Shams - Secretary • Tasha Falconer • Josh Szweras • Taelor Reid • Allan Sloan • Aaron Jacklin (ex officio) • Lorrie Taylor (ex officio) • Patrick Sutherland (ex officio) • Ellyse McGarr (ex officio)

• Alex Lefebvre • Miguel Mabalay • Annie O'Keefe • Kanza Shams • Aaron Jacklin

The meeting will use Robert's Rules of Order as its parliamentary authority. Those wishing to be elected as a Director of the Board at the meeting should contact mmabalay@theontarion.com

ISSUE 190.4 | NEWS

THEONTARION.COM

On March 13, the University of Guelph, in partnership with several other universities and Meal Exchange, hosted a virtual panel on Indigenous Food Sovereignty on campus. Pictured are some of the attendees and speakers, including Acting Academic Director of Indigenous Studies at McMaster University, Adrianne Xavier.

Creating a space on campus for Indigenous Food Sovereignty Having access to enough food is not the same as having access to good food ARTICLE AND IMAGE BY TAYLOR PACE

o truly nourish their students, university campuses across Canada should be working towards and encouraging food sovereignty, according to the virtual panel held last month on Indigenous Food Sovereignty on Campus. The panel was part of the Promoting Food Security in Higher Education series that ran from March 2 to March 30 in collaboration with several universities, including the University of Guelph, and Meal Exchange, a charity dedicated to empowering students across Canada to create “healthy, just, and sustainable food systems.” Topics included the distinction between food security and food sovereignty, as well as how Indigenous communities and activists throughout Canada are ad-

dressing food security issues. Participants included Acting Academic Director of Indigenous Studies at McMaster University, Adrianne Xavier, and some of her students, among others. Just under 100 people from across Canada — and as far as New Zealand — were in attendance. Overall, it seemed that the panel succeeded in getting the conversation started — the first step to implementing change. What is the difference between food security and food sovereignty? Food security is defined by World Vision as “having consistent, reliable access to safe, nutritious food,” and is determined by accessibility and availability, how it contributes to one’s health and well-being, and if it will be continuously available. However, food security

doesn’t concern where the food comes from, the conditions of production and distribution, or the food in relation to one’s tradition and culture. Essentially, global food security is the goal, and food sovereignty is the ideal, grass-roots approach to getting there. According to Food Secure Canada (FSC), food sovereignty is “the right of peoples to healthy and culturally appropriate food produced through ecologically sound and sustainable methods, and their right to define their own food and agricultural systems.” In other words, it emphasizes a democratic food system that involves input from both citizens and producers. FSC lists seven pillars of food sovereignty, including: • A focus on food for people, making food more than just

a commodity; Building on traditional knowledge and skills; • Working with nature by optimizing “the contributions of ecosystems;” • Valuing food providers by respecting and supporting sustainable livelihoods; • Localizing food systems by, for instance, reducing the distance between providers and consumers; • Placing local communities in control of their food systems; • Acknowledging that food is sacred, “a gift of life” that can’t be commodified. More specifically, Indigenous food sovereignty “is a specific policy approach to addressing the underlying issues impacting Indigenous peoples and our ability to respond to our own needs for healthy, culturally •

adapted Indigeonous foods,” according to the Indigenous Food Systems Network. In this regard, student participants in the panel showed concern that people on university campuses don’t have access to food that “physically, mentally, and spiritually sustains them.” They mentioned that food programs in schools (for instance, the mandatory dorm meal plans the U of G has) don’t necessarily address food sovereignty, because they “just have to ensure someone’s eating.” One essential distinction is that enough food is not necessarily enough good food; the food being offered on university campuses doesn’t always emphasize health and is usually westernized food, which limits students from easily accessing the food that “connects them to their history.” Some participants suggested more community kitchens in dorms to accommodate students so they can be in charge of their food and foster that sense of community. However, the panel ended noting that there is no blanket, one-fits-all solution, adding that a big part of food security and sovereignty is tailoring it to the needs, capabilities, and resources of each local community.

APRIL ISSUE | M A RCH 25, 202 1

THE ONTARION

Using art for wellness, restoration, and self-expression Five interactive workshops were offered to BIPOC students at the U of G to engage them in the arts and promote self-expression ELENI KOPSAFTIS

his past November, the Cultural Diversity Office (CDO) hosted a series of online artistic workshops for BIPOC students that promoted identity exploration. After a resounding success, hosts new and old were welcomed back to the virtual format to run the Art and Soul series. The CDO hosted five workshops from March 8 to 29. Activities ranged from music-making, dancing, egg painting, typography, and a paint night. The series was born out of student frustration with online learning and the lack of campus life during the pandemic. CDO coordinator Alexis Charles told The Ontarion that for BIPOC students, these challenges have been heightened by high-profile incidents of police brutality and anti-Black racism over the past year. The pandemic and these incidents have “reinforced the urgency in creating spaces for wellness and restoration as we continue to dismantle inequities within our communities and beyond,” said Charles. In a dance-based workshop on March 16, Siyobin Blanco guided participants through an exploration of natural movements and movement-based creativity. As a multi-disciplinary dancer and activist for racial justice, Blanco wanted her workshop to help others “connect to their inner self through expressive and intuitive movement.” Blanco explained that “intuitive movement is about getting curious, learning to be present in the moment, embracing yourself exactly as you are, and improving your inner attunement,” she told The Ontarion. “Intuitive movement requires no experience and it's important to me that my classes are accessible and welcoming for all folks.” Having danced since she could walk, Blanco emphasizes that dance has been part of her life, self-expression, healing, and growth. “Performing dance provides an opportunity to evoke emotion, share experiences, outlooks and even political views,” she said. Nicole Alexander is a visual artist who hosted one of the November Art and Soul series workshops. She returned on March 23 to host a paint night. Alexander grew up in Trinidad and Tobago, and has been painting and doodling since she was young. Despite having won local art competitions, she decided to study science and pursue the arts as a hobby. “When we were placed in lockdown

about a year ago due to the coronavirus pandemic, there were many people who suffered from losing the ability to be out and about and having to stay indoors for an indefinite period of time,” Alexander told The Ontarion. “As a teacher, I thought about children and how they might have been trying to manage the news of them not returning to school. I decided to offer free paint sessions for kids and families on my Facebook platform, ‘Art and Soul with Nicole.’” The results were a success. Alexander said that families, parents, and children were eager to “escape with a paintbrush and canvas to places where only their imagination would be their limitation.” The March workshop she led involved acrylic painting using paint brushes and red, blue, and yellow paint. While she tries to guide participants, Alexander allows each artist to express themselves through the colours and brushstroke direction of their choice. “Art can help to heal, and it is for this reason that I am surely willing to continue to share my passion of painting with anyone who needs it in an effort to help them to manage and cope with the stresses or just to help with managing everyday living,” said Alexander.

Siyobin Blanco is a queer BIPOC with a non-apparent disability and is a well-respected activist in Guelph, Ontario. She participated in the U of G's Art and Soul series by leading a dance-based workshop on March 16. CREDIT: DEVON GOSS

Intuitive movement is about getting curious, learning to be present in the moment, embracing yourself exactly as you are, and improving your inner attunement. — Siyobin Blanco

Brisson, Leis & Associates

OPTOMETRISTS Judith A. Brisson, O.D. P. Lynne Leis, O.D. Reita Thomas-Parel, O.D. Violet Zawada, O.D. Jianchang (Iris) Shen, Optometrist

Serving the U of G community for 40 years, we provide personalized eye care including comprehensive examinations, contact lenses and eyewear. Exams available in English, French, Polish, Mandarin and Cantonese. Icon by Flaticon

Blanco and Alexander’s work and contact information can be found on their respective websites. Blanco runs Invoketress Dance at invoketress.com with her mother Ishra, while Alexander sells her art pieces at nicolealexanderart.com.

21 College Avenue West, Guelph (across from OVC) TEL (519) 822-2710 · FAX (519) 822-7877 www.eyesoncollege.ca · brisson.leis@rogers.com

ISSUE 190.4 | NEWS

THEONTARION.COM

Canada’s 26th governor general Adrienne Clarkson spoke to over 500 people at U of G's online HeForShe event on March 10. Two scholarships were awarded in her name that night, granting $5,000 to two U of G students. CREDIT: "ADRIENNE CLARKSON" BY ANDREW RUSK ON FLICKR LICENSED UNDER CC BY 2.0.

HeForShe: Solidarity movement celebrated at U of G U of G’s HeForShe event welcomed keynote speaker former governor general Adrienne Clarkson and awarded local gender equality leaders ELENI KOPSAFTIS

or many years, U of G has been celebrating the HeForShe initiative, a solidarity movement advocating for equality across all genders. On March 10, the school hosted a HeForShe event to highlight “the strength and resilience of our community,” which was led by Gerarda Darlington, Interim Dean of engineering and physical sciences at the university. “In our disciplines across Canada, which span chemistry, computer science, engineering, mathematics and statistics, and

physics, we continue to see persistent gender imbalance in student enrollments,” said Darlington during the event. “Correcting that imbalance is a core strategy for us at the University of Guelph. “Gender equality is not an issue of one gender versus another. It is a human rights issue.” Launched in 2014 by the United Nations (UN), the HeForShe initiative has sparked over one billion social media conversations, two million HeForShe commitments, and one thousand HeForShe events. To commit, one must pledge

that “I am one of millions who believe that everyone is born free and equal. I will take action against; gender bias, discrimination and violence to bring the benefits of equality to us all.” Attended by over 500 people, the HeForShe at U of G event was held virtually via Hopin.com and was organized in collaboration with the Gordon S. Lang School of Business and Economics, the college of engineering and physical sciences, and the university’s Gryphons football team. Many community leaders spoke at the event including U of

G president and vice-chancellor Charlotte Yates, Guelph mayor Cam Guthrie, Gryphons football player Anthony Hall, as well as Canada’s 26th governor general Adrienne Clarkson. Clarkson arrived in Canada as a refugee from Hong Kong. Her parents were in their early 30s at the time and had two children, including Clarkson. They were able to get by through her father’s business in trade and commerce. “Canada has always been very, very welcoming,” said Clarkson during the event. “In the friends that we’ve made and the people who helped us, it says ‘if you want to participate in life in Canada, we are willing to have you be part of it.’ And that’s what it all means. That’s what gender equality means, and that’s what being a refugee means. It’s belonging.” Clarkson eventually became a journalist and best-selling author of Room for All of Us (2011), among other titles. On gender equality, Clarkson said, “when I was pregnant with my first child, I went to my executive producer… and he told me ‘if you’re not back here six weeks after the baby’s born, you’re fired.’” At the time, there was no legislation for maternity leave. So sure enough, Clarkson returned to work six weeks after her baby was born. In response to this, Clarkson asks “why can’t we have maternity leave for when the child is older? Why can’t we make it a choice?” Clarkson explained that this all has to do with how different groups of people are treated. Namely, despite whether someone is a different gender, race, or religion, they should not be separated from everyone else. All in all, the only way we can make a country worth living in is if we stay true to ourselves, said Clarkson. U of G’s HeForShe initiative includes three scholarships. The Adrienne Clarkson resilience scholarships awarded $5,000 to two U of G students, the first being hospitality and tourism student Bree Johnson. Johnson credited her strength to her parents and grandparents for showing her that “if things don’t go as planned, that’s okay. As long as you try your best and stay happy, everything will work out eventually.” Fifth-year engineering student Chelsea Ohiolei Ehimiaghe was awarded the engineering portion of the same scholarship. “I was often the only woman on my team and always ended up being assigned to the role of report writing or project organizing,” said Ohiolei Ehimiaghe. “Four years later, I am here to own up to my skills and compe-

tences, and I am ever ready to display it.” The HeForShe ally scholarship awards $2,500 to a student who is an ally to gender equality. The winner of this award was fourth-year adult development student and LGBTQ2SIA+ advocate Amy Kavanagh. During the event, Kavanagh said the award meant a lot to her as she’s seen “the mental strain and deterioration” faced by trangender and non-binary folks. “This pain put a fire in me to use my privilege as a cisgender person to be a voice for those being hurt by this unjust system and do my part in making the university campus a safer place for people of all genders.”

Gender equality is not an issue of one gender versus another. It is a human rights issue. — Gerarda Darlington Finally, the HeForShe impact award recognizes a Guelph-Wellington business or organization that promotes and improves gender equality through initiatives. The recipient of this year’s award was Skyline who presented $2,500 to Guelph YMCA-YWCA Safe Sisters, a weekly drop-in program for girls between Grades 7 and 8 that provides a safe space to learn and discuss personal safety and positive well-being. Skyline is a Guelph-founded acquisition, management, development, and investment business with nearly 1,000 staff across Canada. Melissa Haynes, supervisor of youth programs and community outreach at the YMCA Guelph location, said the Safe Sisters program is one that was dear to her heart. “I had the privilege of working with many young ladies,” she said. “I got to witness their personal growth and development throughout the program and the impact of the program on a weekly basis, so thank you.” To make the pledge or learn more about the HeForShe movement, visit heforshe.org for the UN’s website. To learn more about how the University of Guelph is supporting the HeForShe movement, go to uoguelph.ca/lang/heforshe.

ARTS & CULTURE

9 | WANDAVISION REVIEW

13 | PANDEMIC BOOK LIST

18 & 19 | BLACK AND WHITE PHOTOGRAPHY

Earlier this year, hedge funds bet against GameStop’s stock, predicting it would fall in price. However, retail traders came together through the r/wallstreetbets subreddit to drive up the prices, earning money for people who didn’t have much to invest in the first place. CREDIT: “GAMESTOP (EAST BROOK MALL, MANSFIELD CENTER, CT)” BY JJBERS ON FLICKR LICENSED UNDER CC BY 2.0.

Bets and risks: The modern stock trade industry The popularization of stock trading among internet communities simultaneously facilitates public engagement with businesses and instigates significant financial risk ALEX LEFEBVRE

echnology has democratized many aspects of society that were once inaccessible to the average person. Just as access to information and communication has become easier than ever through the internet, stock trading for the masses is now having its moment. Traditionally if someone wanted to buy a stock in a company, they would open a trading account with a bank and trade through their brokerage account. Way back in the day, your parents would have even called a broker up by phone to place an order for a stock. A commission fee was often charged, which was typically a fixed amount ranging from $10$30 per trade. Recently, many new competitors have disrupted this industry with zero to low fee commission stock trading. This is where Robinhood comes in: the no-fee, addictively engaging, memeable stock trading app. Its popularity hit a fever

pitch in late January when the app restricted trading on popular “meme stock” GameStop (GME). This led to Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev testifying before the United States Congress due to concerns of consumer protection, and a hostile interview with Barstool Sports’ David Portnoy, where Robinhood was accused of “turning their back on their clientele.” Icon by Iconfinder

In addition to Robinhood, there are other low and no-fee trading platforms such as Wealthsimple and Questrade. Some large banks have reduced their

fees drastically to keep up with consumer expectations. For example, TD has lowered its commission fee from $29.99 per trade to $9.99. Terminology: Meme stock: A stock temporarily built up through internet popularity. Retail traders: The name for non-hedge fund, individual traders. Margin trading: A form of borrowing money to increase potential of gain on the investment. These platforms have become a popular option for a younger demographic as people can now make frequent small trades if the amount of money they have to invest is low. A survey conducted through The Ontarion social media platforms indicated that approximately 28 per cent of people surveyed have used a low fee trading platform in the last 12 months. A younger generation of

investors has also become emboldened in their stock trading through the power of online communities such as Reddit. The r/wallstreetbets subreddit garnered national media attention in January when a coordinated effort through sub threads by retail traders drove up the price of beleaguered stock GameStop. Hedge funds bet against the GameStop stock, predicting it would fall in price, and so Reddit traders saw themselves in a crusade to disrupt this. One can view this as progress in the world of finance, empowering the average person to access financial markets and level the playing field with banks and hedge funds who profit immensely through trading equities. However, many new and inexperienced investors have lost money through risky trades that were promoted by r/wallstreetbets. As reported by Bloomberg, one of the first meme stocks, rental car company Hertz (HTZGQ),

was wildly driven up in price after it filed for bankruptcy due to the COVID-19 pandemic halting global travel. The stock surged 896 per cent at one point in 2020, but is almost worthless today after the company completed bankruptcy proceedings. University of Guelph PhD candidate of mathematics Michael Yodzis, who conducts research in economics and finance, explained that most people don’t have the resources to do sophisticated research on a company's profitability like those in hedge funds can. “They often don’t have the knowledge to examine the viability of a company. Instead they tend to ‘chase returns’ and buy into rapidly appreciating stocks,” Yodzis said. He cautions that this kind of behaviour could lead to bad outcomes for individuals. “It's upsetting that this kind of thing is happening... If people are chasing price appreciation, they may buy into hype around overvalued stocks that are about to lose steam. Their returns now depend on their luck at timing their exit, or they could potentially lose a lot of money.” Yodzis sympathizes with retail investors, saying they deserve to have the enjoyment of speculating and making bets, as long as they realize their behavior could lead to irrational decisions such as buying high and selling low. “They get caught up in the game of chasing price gains and often make impulsive decisions,” Yodzis said. One must also remember that the recent craze in stock trading and get-rich-quick scenarios is not a new phenomenon. Described in Bill Bryson’s 2013 book One Summer: America, 1927, stock trading became a widespread addiction in the late 1920’s, proliferating all the way up until the Wall Street Crash of 1929. One example is a barber who quit his job after making $500,000 on a timely investment, nearly 400 times the national average. And yes, these traders used margin on these trades. It’s a sobering reminder that although our trading medium may be different today, our basic human drives of greed (and fear) are the same as over 80 years ago. The trend of democratization of markets will grant more opportunity for the average person. However, it could change behavior and create a more volatile environment as we’ve seen with other technologies.

ISSUE 190.4 | ARTS & CULTURE

THEONTARION.COM

Elizabeth Olsen and Paul Bettany spoke at the 2019 San Diego Comic Con for WandaVision at the San Diego Convention Center in San Diego, California. CREDIT: GAGE SKIDMORE ON FLICKR LICENSED UNDER CC BY-SA 2.0.

Marvel Studios makes a long awaited return with WandaVision The first Marvel Studios production since 2019 has officially been released on Disney+, and the results subvert the MCU’s usual action-packed storytelling ALLAN SLOAN Mild SPOILERS for WandaVision, Avengers: Infinity War, and Avengers: Endgame.

andaVision is a tough show to write about. Not because it wasn’t well acted, well written, or well shot. On the contrary, WandaVision is all of those things. It’s hard to write about because it completely subverted any expectation I had of a Marvel Studios production since the creation of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). WandaVision is a love letter to the history of television, fans of the MCU, and fans of Wanda Maximoff (a.k.a. The Scarlet Witch). WandaVision is also an examination of grief, love, loss, and overcoming destiny; it’s about subverting expectations.

The history of television A brief synopsis before we get going: WandaVision is about Wanda Maximoff and Vision who live out the suburban American dream as a newlywed couple in the fictional town of Westview, New Jersey. In the style of classic sitcoms throughout the decades, we follow Wanda and Vision through a variety of shenanigans while they try to keep their supernatural abili-

ties hidden from the local population. One thing to note: WandaVision is not the comedy show you might think it is after watching the first few episodes, which are presented as typical ‘50s and ‘60s sitcoms a la Bewitched or I Dream of Genie. Throughout the course of the show, viewers are treated to “live studio audience” sitcom scenarios, complete with a laugh track, beginning with the aforementioned Bewitched style, and going through the decades of television until we reach the mockumentary of Parks and Recreation and the Modern Family sitcom format. This progression helps frame the story of Wanda Maximoff after the death of Vision during the events of Avengers: Infinity War and Avengers Endgame, in which Wanda goes through several stages of grief and the discovery of a destiny she didn’t know she had.

Stages of grief Elizabeth Olsen shines as Wanda Maximoff throughout the series. Her command of Wanda’s subtle emotion and deep seated grief as she playfully banters

with Vision (Paul Bettany) adds a haunted, if not subtly uncomfortable, air to the show's lightheartedness early on. Olsen perfects the constant sadness seen in Wanda’s eyes as situations slowly unravel towards the show’s climax. Bettany’s performance as Vision is spot on, just as it has been since his introduction in Avengers: Age of Ultron, creating a familiar consistency that the Marvel Studios brand is known for. The other side of the story sees Randall Park, Teyonah Parris, and Kat Dennings (last seen in Thor: The Dark World), as FBI Agent Jimmy Woo, S.W.O.R.D. Agent Monica Rambeau, and Darcy Lewis, respectively. The show inserts another lovely cameo (that is best left to experience on your own) and it doesn’t disappoint. The true crux of the entire cast, however, is Katheryn Hahn’s Agnes. Always present, and commanding in every scene she appears in, Hahn’s comedic abilities only serve to amplify Olsen’s performance, making the hollow and haunting laugh track in the early episodes hit that much harder when a particular plot point comes to light.

Not what was expected, but that’s OK While WandaVision episodes stuck to the traditional sitcom format of half an hour, the run times were a little more fluid when dealing outside of Wanda’s perspective. Episodes would run longer when other characters were the focus, and the final two episodes played out like the climax of a Marvel Studios feature film. WandaVision is a cliffhanger machine. While the conflict of the episode would usually be resolved by the time the credits roll, something quick and dirty would happen to remind you that this isn’t a funny sitcom. WandaVision, despite its weekto-week release per episode, is a show that was meant to be binged, it’s meant to be viewed as a whole, and being left on a “please stand by” screen only to have to wait a week to find out if the bee keeper coming out of the sewer is actually important to anything, is endlessly frustrating. This is doubled when you take into account that the entire show is a set-up for one of Marvel Studios upcoming films Doctor

Strange in the Multiverse of Madness, in which Olsen’s Wanda Maximoff is confirmed to be playing a large role.

It’s been some time, but I’m glad you’re back Last year was the first since 2010 that a Marvel Studios production had not seen the light of day. With COVID-19 impacting movie theatres across the country, many projects like Marvel’s Black Widow have been delayed until sometime in 2021; WandaVision was the first that project-hungry Marvel fans have been able to get their hands on since then. WandaVision is a love letter to both Marvel fans and the history of television sitcoms, though it may not have the typical action-filled superhero flare that you expect out of a Marvel Studios production. WandaVision has a very important purpose in the greater MCU, and while it may take some time to get there, it gets there in a very satisfying way. If this is a sign of what's to come, then it’s very clear that Marvel Studios is only just getting started.

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Chloe Zhao's Nomadland (2020) focuses on the experiences of modern-day nomads living in the American west. CREDIT: SEARCHLIGHT PICTURES

Nomadland is a meandering and listless tribute to America’s nomadic citizens Despite being nominated for best picture at the Oscars, Nomadland runs too slow to entertain and fails to deliver meaningful insight into American poverty PRABHJOT BAINS

s in every year, there is one film that is collectively declared the awards favourite by the cinematic community. From the moment Chloe Zhao’s Nomadland (2020) secured the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival, its reign over the awards season was cemented as it has since won big at the Golden Globes, The Hollywood Critics Association, and at the BAFTA’s. Most recently it has secured the all-important best picture nomination at the Oscars. It’s achieved a reputation as a mustsee film that casual viewers will not want to miss out on. Like we are seeing with Nomadland right now, many films have taken control of the awards narrative, such as Green Book (2018), Crash (2005), and The English Patient (1996). The largest commonality Nomadland shares with these three films is that it too will be immediately forgotten, even if it wins big at the Oscars. This is because Nomadland is the worst type of awards season favourite. While it contains skillful cinematography, solid acting, and

an overarching commentary on American social ills through the lens of an unsung subculture, it fails to create an experience that is memorable, engaging, and rewarding, neglecting the basic tenets of what makes the cinematic medium worthy of our attention. Let’s jump into the film and examine why this is. After losing everything in the great recession, Fern (Frances Mcdormand) becomes a modern-day nomad, traveling across the American west in her live-in van and meeting interesting people who describe their experiences in ways which allow her to view the American way of life with a new perspective. Firstly, it’s very simple to understand why this story appeals to the Academy — it cloaks itself under a robe that reads “poetry in poverty.” The film begins with promise by showcasing the nitty gritty of this nomad subculture. It sparks curiosity in the viewer to further understand this way of life. However, Zhao’s writing and direction become meandering as it quickly becomes clear that the

CINEMATOGRAPHY: 1/2 DIRECTION: 2/2 SCREENPLAY: 1/2 PERFORMANCES: 1/2 ENTERTAINMENT FACTOR: 0.5/2 TOTAL: 5.5/10

film’s focus rests on repeating the same beats. Instead of creating emotion through rewarding character growth, Zhao opts to focus on documentary-like faux interviews that blandly describe the turmoil and hardships American nomads must endure. It is a story that never attempts to become anything else other than a surface level showcase of the camper life, so much so that it stays on the same level from its first frame to its last, as if stuck on neutral. These issues are heightened by the film’s painfully lethargic pace. A slow pace in itself is never a negative — when used correctly, it can envelop the audience into the film’s world, creating a sense of time and place that is wholly palpable and resulting in characters that are much more impactful and notable. When this is accomplished, a three-hour film won’t ever feel like one. In Nomadland’s case, it runs just below two yet it feels like five. This issue is a result of the meandering script and the lack of character growth, which creates an unfocused and unentertaining experience that

doesn’t comment on modern poverty in America in an interesting or captivating way. Beyond its breathtaking cinematography, which captures the American landscape with calm painterly-like brush strokes that comment on the beauty of this nomadic lifestyle, the film’s technical aspects leave much to be desired. The biggest culprit is its rudimentary score, which recycles every sentimental piano score that you’ve heard before. This might garner the viewer the odd cheap tear, but it's not enough to create lasting emotional resonance. To be fair, the film brings forward sturdy performances from McDormand and David Strathairn as nomadic vagabonds who long for peace and happiness. The film’s muddled script also provides quirky moments as interesting one-off characters pop in, making not only its languid pace go down smoother but its commentary on the unsung nomadic lifestyle almost entertaining. Yet, as the film progresses, the luster of these characters soon fade away, allowing the painful-

ly pretentious script to return us to boredom. Nomadland is a film that, like every other member of the film community, I wanted to love as it would possibly provide a unique and timely angle on modern American poverty just as many people in North America are dealing with social and economic loss as a result of the ongoing pandemic. However, it just doesn’t offer an experience that is memorable or entertaining, which is the greatest cardinal sin of cinema. Nomadland will go down as a film casual viewers will watch in an attempt to ready themselves for the Oscars in April, but whose longevity and relevance won’t last much longer after the first roll of its credits.

In Canada, Nomadland begins streaming on Disney+ on April 9th.

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of his works, and the Edinburgh Assembly Rooms where he finally publicly acknowledged his authorship of Waverley in 1827. From our collection we can see that the North British Railway Company, in their 1888 and 1890 Railway Guides, featured a cover illustration of the famous author and advertised a 158.1 km trip called the “Waverley Route.” The trip took passengers on a scenic tour from Edinburgh to Carlisle. Aside from taking in the scenery, Scotland was also marketed as a destination for those seeking adventure and sport such as stag and game bird hunting, and trout and salmon fishing in Scotland’s famous rivers and streams. The nation’s great game, golf, was also promoted to tourists with advertisements of the course at St. Andrew’s, the birthplace of the sport, hotels like Gleneagles, and the Lothian Coast locales of Gul-

lane and North Berwick. “Colorful England & Scotland” (1933) and “England & Scotland: Holidays on the London and North Eastern Railway” (ca 1930) promote speedy travel from London to Edinburgh in under eight hours on the “Flying Scotsman,” a steam locomotive, and are beautifully illustrated with photography by James Valentine. One brochure features a cover illustration by Frank Henry Mason, a well-known designer of travel and railway posters. Until we see COVID-19 vaccination programs gain traction worldwide, and herd immunity emerges, good sense tells us that armchair travels will have to suffice for now. In the meantime, delving into the materials in our Scottish Travel and Tourism Collection can provide an option for those longing to explore Scotland’s exquisite landscapes and cultural heritage.

“Colorful England and Scotland” [Brochure], cover art by Frank Henry Mason (1875-1965), London & North Eastern Railway, 1933. Scottish Tourism Ephemera Collection, Archival & Special Collections, University of Guelph, XS1 MS A340, 1.13.

 SELECTIONS FROM ARCHIVAL AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS

“West Front, Holyrood Palace,” from an Album of Albumen Prints, chiefly of Scotland, George Washington Wilson, ca 1890. Scottish Studies Collection, Archival & Special Collections, University of Guelph, XS1 MS A195, page 34.

Learn about Scottish tourism through historical ephemera Experiences of hunting, sport, and railway travel come to life through little scraps of paper ASHLEY SHIFFLETT MCBRAYNE, LIBRARY ASSOCIATE

ave you ever thought about what it’d be like to travel to Scotland? Well, you’re in luck —McLaughlin Library’s Archival & Special Collections has an excellent collection on Scottish tourism, which is part of its large Scottish Studies Collection. For nearly three centuries, Scotland has been a destination for travellers enticed by enchanting scenery, political and social history, literature, sport, and ancestry. The collection consists of published guidebooks and travelogues, unpublished travel accounts, ephemera, and photography, and it is a valuable set of resources to learn about Scottish

travel history. An exciting and growing part of the Scottish Tourism Collection is ephemera — the paper items we all inadvertently gather when we travel. Examples include ticket stubs, restaurant bills, and brochures advertising hotels, transportation, and attractions. Sometimes these items wind up in our scrapbooks, albums, and memory boxes as mementos of happy times and favourite places discovered. For historians, Scottish ephemera can be a rich source of information about the country’s travel and the tourism infrastructure which developed in the 19th and 20th centuries. Early travellers sought out

picturesque landscapes inspired by the early travel accounts written by Samuel Johnson, Thomas Pennant, and others. Archival & Special Collections has first editions of these works. Travellers were also inspired by Scottish poets and novelists and selected their itineraries based on locations they learned about in Scottish literature. Many tourists were attracted to Sir Walter Scott’s home at Abbotsford or headed to the Trossachs to take a ride on the steamer named after him. Scott also ignited interest in visits to Melrose Abbey, the ruins of which he helped to preserve, the Palace of Holyroodhouse, which featured in more than one

“North British Railway, Illustrated Tourist Guide.” Glasgow: Published by John Miller, ca 1890. Scottish Studies Collection, Archival & Special Collections, University of Guelph, s0621b037.

ISSUE 190.4 | ARTS & CULTURE

THEONTARION.COM

Pandemic book list: Three books exploring the significance of home As we attempt to consolidate the changing face of home life, the journeys of three novels’ main characters become quite familiar AMILIA OWEN OLIVER

t's been more than a year since COVID-19 appeared, changing our world. As we have moved in and out of lockdowns and stay-at-home orders, the conventional associations of home — comfort, safety, family life, and emotional significance — have become all the more apparent. The following novels resonate with our changing conceptions of what it means to be ‘home’ as we adapt to life during a pandemic.

...the pandemic has forced us to adapt to multiple societal and domestic changes; how we react will define us, and our conceptions of home and family will be forever changed.

WHERE THE CRAWDADS SING (2018) BY DELIA OWENS

BROOKLYN (2009) BY COLM TÓIBÍN

Where the Crawdads Sing transports the reader to the atmospheric American South of 1952. Kya, abandoned by her family and derogatorily referred to as ‘Marsh Girl’ by most members of her small North Carolina town, lives in isolation in her selfmade home in the marshlands by the sea. The novel follows the shifting winds of Kya’s life, and focuses on how it is dramatically affected when she is falsely accused of murdering the town’s golden boy, Chase Andrews. The murder creates dramatic tension, but it is Kya’s isolation, literal and figurative, that speaks to the reader. As she becomes estranged from her last remaining family, and her contacts with others are few and far between, the reader sympathizes with Kya as she adjusts to the solitude of her home environment and finds beauty in her natural surroundings. Her newfound self-sufficiency helps shape her identity even as she faces constant discrimination from most of her community. Kya’s story has romance, courtroom intrigue, poetry, lessons on biology, and impeccable descriptions of the natural environment. Her experiences reflect how we have had to adapt to and embrace a more simplistic lifestyle, one that is centred around the home and how we function in isolation.

Brooklyn, which was the source material for the 2015 Oscar-nominated film of the same name, depicts the coming-of-age journey of Eilis, a young woman from a small town in Ireland in the 1950s, who becomes sponsored by a priest to live and work in Brooklyn, NY. Eilis has to grapple with the constant and often debilitating separation from her family as she aims to make something of herself by working at a department store, taking nightly bookkeeping classes, and making a new home for herself. In the wake of tragedy, the climax of Eilis’ story centres on her having to choose between two homes: her childhood home and her new home in Brooklyn, where she falls in love with Italian-American Tony. The struggle to consolidate alliances between different spaces is relatable for many readers, especially those who have made new homes out of necessity while still trying to maintain old ones. Brooklyn is a gentle read, but it manages to reflect the pain of separating from former circumstances and the simultaneous need to insert ourselves into the new world.

Brooklyn is a coming-of-age story centred around Eilis, a young Irish woman in the 1950s who is sent to live and work in Brooklyn, NY. Eventually, she must choose between her childhood home and her new home in Brooklyn — a struggle many of us are likely familiar with, especially those who have been forced to make new homes during the pandemic. CREDIT: PENGUIN RANDOM HOUSE CANADA

Icons by Iconfinder

THE DUTCH HOUSE (2019) BY ANN PATCHETT It’s easy to be stuck in the nostalgia of pre-pandemic days and yearn for the things we might’ve taken for granted in the past, which is a central theme in The Dutch House. The story follows siblings Danny and Maeve who live in the ‘Dutch House’ estate with their parents, until their mother leaves and their father remarries. He dies years later, leaving the house to their stepmother who kicks them out, thrusting them into an unfamiliar life of poverty. The characters adapt to abrupt change; Danny and Maeve must come to terms with what their home environment represents to them. They lose their physical house, but find ‘home’ again through their strong and consistent bond with each other. Their reactions to change come to define who they are and what they value. Similarly, the pandemic has forced us to adapt to multiple societal and domestic changes; how we react will define us, and our conceptions of home and family will be forever changed.

The Dutch House follows two siblings thrown from a life full of family, wealth, and comfort into one of isolated poverty after the death of their father. The pair must adapt to change while finding ‘home’ again through their bond with each other. CREDIT: PENGUIN RANDOM HOUSE CANADA

The popular app is setting a dangerous precedent with its hyper-sexualized and thin-obsessed content, readily available for young girls to absorb Taylor Pace Trigger warning: this article contains information about eating disorders. IMAGES CREDIT: PIXABAY

n the last week, I have spent far too much time on TikTok. At first, it was fun: cute dog videos, awesome hair and clothing hacks, and #relatable content. But that was the happy, feel-good surface of the app. The fact is, TikTok is rife with degrading, hyper-sexual, thin-obsessed content that is far too accessible to, well, anyone. It seems that these days, everyone from your 14-year-old neighbour to your real estate agent is on the app. In fact, as of last summer, it had over 800 million users. Sure, it’s great for a lot of things, and is definitely fun to use, but that doesn’t change the fact that the app is facing a serious problem. Last year, the media exploded with reports of TikTok being riddled with pro-eating disorder (ED) content. While TikTok representatives told BBC that the health and safety of its users was a top priority, they encourage people to report “any inappropriate content with anything seeking to glorify or promote eating disorders violating its guidelines,” which essentially

dumps the responsibility onto the users. But do the people who would be negatively influenced by this content actually report it? Beat, a UK-based charity dedicated to eating disorder recovery and awareness, told BBC they would advocate for real people to search for and take down harmful content on the app; something that TikTok has yet to do. Last year, The Guardian published an article about TikTok, investigating videos that promoted starvation and anorexia, claiming that even after TikTok had banned certain hashtags, they were still able to easily find pro-ED content by “putting the same words into a search for profiles” without the hashtag. In fact, it takes little more than 30 seconds to find that content. TikTok responded by saying they planned to ban all harmful phrases, including those that could be found when searching for users, and they did follow through with this. Today, if you search, for instance, “pro-ana” (a pro-anorexia term that origi-

nated from the dark web) or “thinspo,” all that comes up are support resources for eating disorders. If you search “what I eat in a day,” videos still appear, but with a disclaimer at the top, notifying users that TikTok values its users’ safety, and they reference the ED resources again.

But this is where it gets tricky. Content that isn’t outwardly promoting EDs or negative body image still shows up. For instance, videos of “what I eat in a day” that are clearly not enough food (a small smoothie, a couple strawberries and a couple carrots, a burrito); others that tout consuming only 1,200 calories per day (which is not enough for anyone and is very unsafe). However, if you search for words like “skinny,” hashtags like “skinny girl check” come up, presenting an infinite amount of videos that show small and xs clothing sizes, girls wrapping their fingers around their wrists and ankles to show how small they are, fitting into children’s clothes. In fact, the first video I saw was a 24-year-old woman who claims she is 160 cm tall and only 77 lbs. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the absolute lowest healthy weight for someone that height is about 110 lbs. So while they may have hammered down on direct ED-related content, vide-

os that promote negative body image and unhealthy, disordered eating are still out there and readily available. Here is why that is especially concerning: According to BBC, just over 40 per cent of users are between 16 and 24. As of 2021 Wallaroo Media estimates that 32 per cent of users in the U.S. are between 10 and 19, and that users spend an average of 52 minutes on the app per day, with kids aged four to 14 spending 80 minutes per day on the app. Icons by Flaticon That means that a vast amount of this content is being shown to children and teenagers for over an hour, every single day. It’s also important to note that the For You page algorithm means users don’t have

to actively search this stuff — if they look at something out of curiosity, or even by accident (for instance, a video that touts healthy eating but is, in fact, not), that content will continue to be suggested to them. Users are able to indicate if they want to see less of a certain type of content, which removes it from their feed. But any content that doesn’t outwardly promote an ED will slip through the cracks, so this method doesn’t work well. Critics argue that Instagram isn’t doing enough to regulate content either; in fact, studies have linked Instagram use to increased risk of orthorexia, an eating disorder that involves an unhealthy obsession with healthy eating, negatively impacting your life as the obsession takes control. However, the prevalence of harmful or potentially harmful content on TikTok is more concerning when it comes to youth, as it has become the most popular app (next to Snapchat) among teenagers, according to a 2020 Piper Sandler report. It could also be argued that TikTok is more appealing to teenagers and children, simply because it’s fun: compared to other apps like Instagram and Facebook, it’s almost like a game, where you can participate in dance challenges and test your acting or lip syncing chops. Body positive content creators have also reported having their videos removed; for instance, for showing cellulite or

fat rolls. Danae Mercer is a journalist and body positive Instagrammer who has had content removed from TikTok repeatedly. On her Instagram and Twitter, she shared some of the more sickening TikTok challenges and trends that she had found, including videos where girls wrap headphones around their waists to check their size, teenage boys talking about choking girls and only being attracted to girls who weigh under a certain amount, 13-year-olds sharing their BMI’s; the list goes on. One video featured a young girl who posted a poll where users could rate whether or not she was ‘pretty’ as she danced around her room. Mercer shared stories of numerous content creators who are larger (read: have any amount of fat on their bodies) and have had their videos taken down for “breaching community guidelines,” despite being the exact same videos that thin girls and women are posting, which stay up. As she wrote in one tweet, “The platform doesn’t censor bikinis, but it sure as heck censors certain bodies.” In another, she wrote “what a dangerous, toxic space we are creating for our littles. We are showing them bodies but only a very particular type. We are telling them only one look is ok, normal, worthy. We are silencing all others.” Not to mention that critics have

What a dangerous, toxic space we are creating for our littles. We are showing them bodies but only a very particular type. We are telling them only one look is ok, normal, worthy. We are silencing all others. — Danae Mercer

deemed TikTok a hunting ground for sexual predators, because the more they interact with videos of children (say, dancing sexually), the more these kinds of videos will show up on their For You page, making it easier for them to find victims. Parents have even reported incidents of learning their young children were being groomed by pedophiles on the app, according to an article in online publication, Evie. Evie reported that parents have also found their young daughters (as in, 11-years-olds) posting videos calling themselves “sluts” and using very sexually explicit language. In my own time navigating these darker recesses of TikTok, I saw comments from girls under 15 using that same sexually explicit and degrading language. Now, if young girls are spending an average of 80 minutes a day on the app, and what they see is video after video of thin girls oversexualizing themselves and bragging about their dangerously low weight, young boys discussing their degrading sexual exploits, and videos presenting under eating as healthy, how do you think they’re going to view the world? The media we consume shapes us and our realities, and if this is the content we’re seeing day in and day out, with little to no variation, that is the reality we are creating for ourselves, and more importantly, for young girls who may have difficulty differentiating the false nature of social media from real life. So the question becomes, how do we balance the good with the dangerous content? It’s hard to say, and it’s certainly not a one-size-fits-all fix. However, until the app brings in real people to monitor the content and differentiate between the good and bad, the responsibility falls on us. We can actively report any inappropriate content and be mindful about the content we engage with and post; or, maybe ditch TikTok altogether until they find a way to make it a safe and positive environment.

For eating disorder recovery resources: nedic.ca

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HOUSEPLANT CORNER

From house to table Germinate seeds and grow your own food with a few helpful tips and tricks DAISY STEWART

CREDIT: FREEPIK

here comes a time in every plant enthusiast’s life where they feel the need to expand their horizons and change things up a bit. You’ve water-rooted your pothos plant, been able to grow new succulents from leaves, and maybe got your Hoya plant to flower (lucky!), but you still want more. If you have access to a backyard, community garden, or any outdoor space with some sun and dirt, maybe you’ve considered growing your own herbs, fruits, and veggies. However, if you’re short on land like many university students, never fear — there are still a few really fun ways to grow your own food indoors or on your balcony. Many are very cheap and easy, and some may just involve the produce that’s starting to wilt in your fridge.

CREDIT: UNSPLASH

Take a green onion for example. Simply put the white root end into a cup of water and be sure to keep it topped up. In no time at all, you’ll be growing fresh green onion for your food.

CREDIT: UNSPLASH

When your potatoes start to grow eyes and look alien, stick them in a 2.5-litre storage container and grow your own. Start by putting a few inches of soil in your container and putting the potatoes on top of it, adding more soil to cover them. Keep the soil moist and add more as your plants grow. Once the plants outgrow their nursery, pot them and set them beside a window that’ll give them several hours of light. Once the potatoes are ready to be harvested, your plant will begin to turn yellow and die off.

a trip to the garden centre. Scrape the seeds out of what you’re eating and wash them. Once the seeds are clean, mist a paper towel, lay the seeds in it, and fold it up. Place this folded piece of paper towel inside a ziplock bag and place it in a warm area.

little while. Slowly move them out towards the sun and increase the time they spend outdoors until you can finally leave them out there for the season. Make sure you give the plants the water they need. It’s a different ball game outside than inside your house. While your house plants may be OK with your weekly watering, your outdoor fruit and veggie plants will be thirstier. Also, beware of squirrels and other animals that will happily feast on your plants when given the opportunity. You can humane-

ly keep them away with smells they hate, deer repellent, or even by tucking tufts of dog hair under or around your plants. You can even plant more plants that will give off these smells; for instance, squirrels hate mint and marigold. If you like having the little fellas around, you can always cover your plants or distract them with food and drink of their own. If you’re limited on space and have some extra money in your plant budget, there are many different mini hydroponic gardens that come with a small water tank and an overhead light that will let you easily grow herbs, veggies, fruit, or flowers from a convenient and pre-portioned seed pod. These are fuss-free, easy to use, and versatile. If you have an electrical outlet, you can plug in one of these little gardens. If you have a pit, seed or a root vegetable and you’re wondering if you can plant it or not, do a search online! You’d be surprised what you can do with your leftover produce and a cup of water or dirt. Doing some research will also give you some expectations about what your “crop” will yield, and the type of climate your plant will grow well in. I hope you have a fantastic “crop” this year! While you may not be able to feed yourself entirely on the things you’ve grown, it’s very satisfying to eat a meal made from something you’ve grown yourself. This will also renew your gratitude for the farmers everywhere who have the dedication, time, and space to keep us all fed.

CREDIT: UNSPLASH

Save your avocado pit! The pointier end is the top while the rounded end is the bottom, which is where the roots will grow from. Take a few toothpicks and insert them at a downward angle. This is to hold the pit so the bottom can rest in a cup of water and root and the top can stay dry. A little tree will start to develop. When this tree reaches around six inches tall, you can pot it in soil. A word of warning though — it could be three to four years until you get an avocado off your tree, and what you get might not taste like the avocado it came from. The tasty avocados you enjoy are from trees that have been grafted together (read: a twig or segment from one tree is put into the trunk or stem of another) by commercial farmers for taste. In fact, this is true of most fruit trees! Try germinating the seeds that come out of your produce (do some research to see what will work and what won’t) to save you

CREDIT: UNSPLASH

After you start to see green or sprouts, it’s time to take the seed out of the bag and plant it in soil. Get a container — anything will do as long as it’s two to three inches and has drainage holes — and plant it in pre-moistened soil. Take care of your new sprouts and give them lots of light. Water them when they’ve had a chance to dry. If you have a fan, set it up near your sprouts for good circulation. If you’re moving your baby plants outside, make sure to do this slowly. Going from the predictable climate of your house to the uncertain outdoors can shock your plants. I learned this the hard way one year when my pepper plants started to develop strange spots. They were sunburned! Acclimatize your plants by putting them in the shade to start and bringing them inside after a

There are many different food-bearing plants you can grow indoors, from green onions and potatoes to avocados and bell peppers. CREDIT: FREEPIK

ISSUE 190.4 | ARTS & CULTURE

THEONTARION.COM

Colourful origami decoration ideas for Easter Take your easter basket or dinner table decorating to the next level with these DIY origami crafts

17.

18.

23.

ARTICLE AND PHOTOS BY BRUBEY HU

aster is just around the corner, and although this year many group activities are suspended due to COVID-19, you can still celebrate the arrival of spring at home by making DIY decorations. Origami is a Japanese word referring to the art of paper folding, a process of transforming a square piece of paper into a sculpture. I personally find it very therapeutic and rewarding. All you need is paper and your hands! Any type of thin paper will work, such as printer paper, wrapping paper or newspaper; you can also get packs of colourful origami paper from art supply and stationery stores. Here are some Easter-related origami decorations that can compliment your egg-picking basket, or be used as joyful additions to your Easter table.

Fold the bottom part

Flip to the back 19.

20.

Fold the right part in 25.

24.

Open up, then fold the paper in half the other way 8.

Fold in the corner Repeat step 5 and 6 following the other central line

Open up the paper after folding both sides in

Fold the shape in half

Fold in the corner

Fold in to make the rabbit feet

27.

26.

21.

10.

BUNNY: A SYMBOL OF NEW LIFE 1.

Pull the top triangle up and fold 22.

Fold on both sides to make the rabbit ears

Open up rabbit ears

28. Outside of the paper

Inside of the paper

Open up and fold the bottom corners in, following central point

Done!

Make a fold following the indicated line

11. 3.

BUTTERFLY: A SYMBOL OF RESURRECTION Fold the paper in half diagonally twice

Open up the paper after folding both sides in

12.

Fold the paper in half diagonally twice and unfold Fold the two sides in Fold the paper in half

13.

14.

Flip to the back 5.

Fold in half following the central line

Fold the bottom half in 15.

Fold in half again following the central line

Fold the bottom part to the back

Open up from inside 16.

Fold the two sides in

Fold the paper in half horizontally twice, then fold two edges in 3.

Fold the bottom half of the triangle up, and fold the tip to the front 6.

Fold two sides in following the indicated lines

Done!

APRIL ISSUE | M A RCH 25, 202 1

THE ONTARION

How to effectively shoot black and white photography Black and white photography allows a photographer to focus on contrast, composition, and shapes and textures in the absence of colour

FOCUSING ON SHAPES, TEXTURES, AND PATTERNS Black and white photos bring more attention to shapes, textures, and patterns within the frame. Architecture and abstract scenery are popular choices to present in black and white, as your attention is drawn to the details of the structures.

ARTICLE AND PHOTOS BY NICOLAS BUCK

lack and white photography is a style that can produce images through the use of lighting to express different tonal ranges, from white to black. It allows a photographer to highlight certain aspects of photography that are often overlooked when images are in colour. Black and white photos strip away all layers of colour, forcing you to focus on the shapes and subject of the image itself. The photos highlight elements such as contrast, composition, and shapes and textures. You will know when to switch from colour to black and white based on the specific goal you are trying to achieve.

HOW LIGHTING CREATES CONTRAST Black and white photography is typically known for bringing out a dramatic feel that can create a sense of timelessness, intensity, or seriousness because it removes the distractions presented through warm or cool colours. It can also create a calming feeling depending on the way the lighting is used in the photo.

 Patterns: Capturing instances of repetition is a good trick to spark a feeling of curiosity in your viewers, and a minimalistic image can become interesting with some repeating elements. For example, your eye instinctively picks out patterns that arise through the presentation of the benches.

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www.hanlonparkministorage.com | 519-780-0835 Now with 3 locations to serve you better!  Low contrast: Shadows are not as harsh on a day with less sun, so this creates a more calm feeling in your image. In this case, the trees all have a similar tonal range as there aren't really any harsh shadows in the picture.

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ISSUE 190.4 | ARTS & CULTURE

EXPERIMENTING WITH COMPOSITION Composition is the way a subject is framed within a photo. Shooting in black and white allows your eyes to pay specific attention to the composition of your scenes. Without the distracting element of colour, you can frame your images based on the “rules” of composition, or you can focus on your own unique style of framing to bring meaning to your image.

 Shapes: Shapes become even more recognizable when paired with contrast. A shape is one of the first things your eye detects when trying to figure out what a picture is. In this instance, the building stands out against a bright backdrop, and your eye is almost immediately drawn to the cross.  Regular composition: The typical rule to start off with is to follow the rule of thirds, which places your subject on the lines of a three-by-three grid, as these are the natural points of interest within a photo. In this photo, the subject is placed on the grid lines according to the rule of thirds.

 Textures: Texture in black and white photography is all about how small or large details come together. Different emotions are evoked depending on the harshness or softness of the texture(s) being displayed. In this photo, the light shines across the wall to show the texture of each brick, creating a strong and stoic feeling.

 Unique composition: Beyond the rule of thirds, your photo composition can be more experimental as there are endless ways to frame your subject and bring your creative vision to life. Here is an instance where the subject is not placed in the rule of thirds interest points, but is still the main focus of the image due to other elements such as lighting and contrast.

OPINION

THE ONTARION

21 | ANTI-RACISM POLICIES  DIARY OF A VET STUDENT

Changing curricula: Phase 4 Ending my student career with a crushing ‘thud’ CARLEIGH CATHCART

s with most everything else in life, the curricula at Guelph's Ontario Veterinary College (OVC) has changed somewhat drastically in response to COVID-19 limitations. Today, we explore the last year of vet school — Phase 4 — in 'normal' times, and how it looks quite different during the 2020-2021 academic year.

WHAT IS PHASE 4? Phase 4 — a.k.a. the fourth and final year of vet school — is unique among the years of the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) program at OVC. Rather than classroom-based learning, Phase 4 is (normally) entirely clinical, with hands-on externships and rotations taking place both within and outside of Guelph’s OVC. It is the opportunity us vet students have been waiting for, to truly immerse ourselves in the profession and get our hands dirty (sometimes literally). This year, though, COVID-19 has dealt a soul-crushing blow to those of us who have been working hard for many years to reach this point in our student careers. Virtually every milestone and privilege of fourth year has been taken away from us, and though one can understand the challenging position our administration has been put in, it doesn’t diminish the immense disappointment we feel nor the reality that these are opportunities we will never get back.

STREAMS & MANDATORY ROTATIONS By fourth year, all DVM students have selected one of four ‘streams’ in which to focus their final period of studies. The streams include companion animals (i.e. dog and cat, by far the most populous stream), food animal, equine, and rural community practice (i.e. mixed). A chosen stream does not ‘lock in’ a vet student to a particular career path; a person with a DVM is licensed to practice on

any veterinary species. However, the streams allow students to maximize their fourth year by emphasizing their specific areas of interest.

EXTERNSHIPS

Under non-COVID circumstances, every veterinary student must complete an eight-week externship over the summer term at a mixed animal practice, regardless of their stream. For our class, no academic activity was permitted to start until mid-August, a full three months later than normal. Because of the limitations and time constraints surrounding the pandemic, externships for our class were cut in half to four weeks; they could be completed at any point during the year, and only had to be at a clinic appropriate for your stream. The loss of half an externship was a significant one, particularly to people like myself who truly intended to practice mixed. Similarly, many of my classmates had arranged their externships in exciting, faraway places, such as the U.K. or New Zealand. Needless to say, those once-in-a-lifetime experiences will be impossible to replicate even if or when travel becomes normalized again.

ROTATIONS Regardless of stream, there are some rotations that every student must take, such as anatomic pathology, diagnostic pathology, small animal primary care (at Smith Lane Animal Hospital on campus), and theriogenology (reproduction). The requirements for these and other, stream-oriented rotations have not changed this year, but much of their delivery has. While some rotations by their very nature remain entirely in-person, such as Ruminant Field Services, anesthesia, and large animal surgery, many have been moved completely virtually, and more still have adapted to a hybrid delivery. These latter rotations offer some lab time or pa-

The fourth and final year of the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine program this year saw students selecting streams, completing externships, rotations and exams, all the while dealing with changes brought about by COVID-19. CREDIT: PEXELS

tient interaction, but many activities typically done in person, such as rounding (discussing inpatients and upcoming appointments) at the beginning of the day, are done online. The hit to our practical experience during what should be a very hands-on year has certainly created some frustration. For example: diagnostic pathology labs without the use of microscopes, running appointments without clients in the room, and never being shown how to take an X-ray. All of these things are at least partially understandable, but nonetheless disheartening.

NAVLE The North American Veterinary Licensing Examination (NAVLE, not to be confused with your belly button) is an expensive, seven and a half hour, 360 question, professionally proctored exam that every vet must pass in order to practice in Canada or the U.S. In normal times, there are two writing windows per year: one in late November and early December, and one in April. Thanks to COVID-19, the professional testing centres at which the NAVLE is written face(d) ongoing capacity issues, thus the writing windows were extended to an unprecedented

four months. The lengthened testing window did not solve every snag, however; yours truly had her exam cancelled not once but twice, including the day before. Talk about stressful!

GRADUATION AND FOURTH YEAR ‘RITES’ At the beginning of March 2020, I attended a beach party at the veterinary fraternity house, unaware that it was my last vet school hallmark at a time when I anticipated another year’s worth. Since then, the dates of annual ceremonies, fundraisers, parties, passages, dances, performances, and events have come and passed, each marking a sadness that individually means very little, but collectively leaves a cloud of sadness over the loss of community and companionship. After ten years of university, and navigating several personal challenges throughout, I have long dreamed of walking across the stage, my parents looking on as I officially become a doctor. It is perhaps most heartbreaking of all that convocation will likely never happen for us. While insignificant in the grand scheme of things, it is an incredibly important milestone to me and many others, and I consider it reasonable to mourn the loss of this milestone

amid all the other tragedies of the past year. I won’t mince any words when it comes to the impact of COVID-19 on our final year of vet school. It’s been a horrible, disappointing year. I admire the perseverance of my classmates, who maintain a sense of humour and optimism despite the constant deluge of bad news, cancellations, and challenges. I am admittedly defeated on most days even while grateful for my blessings, but I hope with all my heart we are approaching the beginning of the end.

Congratulations to the Class of 2021, the Sapphire Snow Leopards, as we approach the end of our student careers and enter the clinical world. I am proud to have had you all by side on this tumultuous journey.

This is the final part in a series from 'Diary of a Vet Student' exploring how COVID-19 changes have impacted the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) program at Guelph's Ontario Veterinary College (OVC).

ISSUE 190.4 | OPINION

THEONTARION.COM

Despite zero-tolerance policies, racism is still prevalent at universities across Canada. In journalist Eternity Martis’s memoir, she details the many micro and macro-aggressions she experienced as a Black woman in university, noting that guilty students often went without punishment. CREDIT: PEXELS

Opinion: U of G needs to work on its zero-tolerance policy University’s “mandatory” anti-racism training only required for a fraction of its members as on-campus hate crimes continue to take place EMMA SCOTT

any Canadian post-secondary institutions like to boast that they have a “zero-tolerance” policy when it comes to racism. However, these policies are only facades if they are not enforced properly. I learned about universities' false zero-tolerance policies while reading Eternity Martis’s memoir, They Said This Would Be Fun: Race, Campus Life, and Growing Up (2020). Eternity Martis is an award-winning journalist from Toronto, Ont. In her memoir, Martis details her experience as a Black woman at Western University in London, Ont. She recalls the many micro- and macro-aggressions she and her Black friends experienced in student residence, lecture halls, and across campus. Despite Western’s “zero-tolerance policy,” guilty students were not punished for their actions. These were not isolated incidents. Martis details other hate crimes at universities across Canada to emphasize that racism is still thriving in post-secondary institutions. She uses her book to

call on Canadian universities to implement and actually enforce a zero-tolerance policy. As I read Martis’s memoir, a ball formed and churned in my gut. I realized that the knot in my stomach was more than just my dismay — As a student of the University of Guelph I was anxiously waiting for it to be mentioned in the long list of universities that had allowed racist micro- and macro-aggressions to occur. It is no secret that racism persists at the U of G, but much to my surprise, Martis never mentioned racism here. I knew that this could only be a coincidence, so I started researching racially-motivated hate crimes at U of G. What I found was sickening. In 2014 a group of white students allegedly dressed as members of the Klu Klux Klan and stormed a residence building during Orientation Week, wrote Laila El Mugammar in a 2020 Chatelaine article. According to Macleans in 2017 seven out of the 16 hate crimes reported in Guelph happened on the university’s main

campus. El Mugammar further states that in early 2020, a sign was posted on the Black Students’ Association Room asking them to “keep the volume low.” No similar signs had been posted on other clubs’ rooms. Two months after Martis’s memoir was published, the Guelph Mercury reported that a U of G student named James Cekani posted a racist video on social media referring to Black people as “monkeys” and “slaves.” I, like thousands of other students, called upon the University to reprimand Cekani. In response, the University tweeted that they “will not tolerate any expressions of hatred,” referencing Section 3 of their Human Rights Policy and Procedures. Yet U of G failed to clarify what steps they were taking to reprimand Cekani when asked by CTV News, Guelph Today, and the Guelph Mercury. Despite the frequent calls to action by Martis and others in the BIPOC community, many Canadian universities do not truly enforce a zero-tolerance policy

when it comes to racism. For example, in 2019 a Black student and a white student from the University of Windsor got in an altercation, but only the Black student was banned from campus, reports CBC. U of G's claims of zero-tolerance were proven to be faulty once again when they launched their “Principles of Belonging: Anti-Oppression and Anti-Racism” training in September 2020. Although the University advertises that this training is mandatory for all incoming students, a fine-print disclaimer on their website reads: “This module is mandatory for Students … For the purpose of this module, “Student” means new incoming undergraduate students, any undergraduate varsity student athletes or student executives of teams in the Gryphon Clubs program, any undergraduate student employed through Student Affairs, and any undergraduate student participating in Student Experience programs and/or volunteer activities, such as Peer Helpers.” How can a university that states that they “will not tolerate any expressions of hatred” only care about prejudice in a fraction of its members? Through this fine print message, the University naively assumes that its graduate students, faculty and staff are anti-racist or will take the training module on their own time. As a result, it is implied that the University does not want or care to extend the effort to ensure that gradu-

ate students, faculty, and staff members are free of racist and prejudicial beliefs. When I asked the U of G’s Diversity and Human Rights Department to clarify why they do not require graduate students, faculty, and staff to complete the training, Indira Naidoo-Harris, AVP Diversity & Human Rights said: “The Anti-Racism Action Plan is a living document and will be changed and updated over time based on recommendations from the President’s Advisory Committee on Anti-Racism and consultations with the broader community. The Anti-Oppression and Anti-Racism training module is a first step and the Office of Diversity and Human Rights and the University of Guelph continue to look at future opportunities to build and grow a strong culture of belonging for everyone in our community.” I am well aware that anti-oppression and anti-racism training will not rid the U of G — or any other institution — of racism, but it could be a step in the right direction. We need Canadian post-secondary institutions to listen to what Black, Indigenous, and people of colour like Eternity Martis have to say. If the U of G states that they do not tolerate racism, hatred, bullying and so on, but struggle to enforce a zero-tolerance policy, then at the very least they should not be lenient about who is educated on “Principles of Belonging: Anti-Oppression and Anti-Racism.”

SPORTS & HEALTH

23 | PROBLEMATIC MARKETING Ingredients:

Egg-cellent Easter Eats

• • • •

Three delicious recipes to celebrate the occasion

• • • • •

JESSICA ULBIKAS

aster is traditionally a Christian holiday intended to mark the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, but for many it's also become a fun holiday to celebrate Spring. Egg colouring, Easter egg hunts, and, of course, enjoying chocolate, have all become synonymous with Easter. There are many ways to celebrate Easter, but my favorite is by cooking some yummy recipes. I recommend trying the Maple Glazed Ham, Loaded Vegetarian Quiche, or Top Secret Chocolate Cake recipes below!

MAPLE GLAZED HAM

Recipe by Chungah at Damn Delicious. Baked ham is a holiday staple, so this classic, simple recipe would be great for celebrating the occasion.

Total time: 2 hr 50 mins

12 servings

Directions:

1. Preheat the oven to 300 degrees F (150 degrees C). Line a 9 x 13 baking dish with foil and lightly oil or coat with nonstick spray. 2. In a medium bowl, whisk together maple syrup, brown sugar, Dijon, orange zest, rosemary and pepper. 3. Place ham, cut side down, in the prepared baking dish. Brush evenly with 1/4 cup maple syrup mixture. 4. Place into the oven, brushing with remaining maple syrup mixture every 30 minutes, until cooked through, reaching an internal temperature of 140 degrees F (60 degrees C), about 2 hours 30 minutes. Let stand for 5 minutes. 5. Serve immediately.

LOADED VEGETARIAN QUICHE

Recipe by Kurt from allrecipes.

Ingredients:

Making this quiche is a great way to enjoy eggs, and although the dish is vegetarian, you can add meat if you’d like. Total time: 1 hr 20 mins 8 servings

•

Ingredients:

• • • • •

•

3/4 cup maple syrup 1/2 cup brown sugar 3 tbsp Dijon mustard 1 tbsp orange zest 1 tbsp chopped fresh rosemary leaves 1 tbsp coarsely ground black pepper 1 (8 lb) bone-in, fully cooked, spiral-cut ham, at room temperature

• • •

1 (9 inch) unbaked deep dish pie crust 1 tbsp olive oil 1/2 cup sliced onion

Don’t forget this holiday staple! Maple glazed ham is an easy-to-make Easter classic. Combining both sweet and savoury, your guests will be sure to love it. CREDIT: UNSPLASH

•

Non-stick baking spray, for the pan One 15.2-ounce box dark chocolate cake mix 1 cup whole milk 1/2 cup (1 stick) melted salted butter 3 large eggs, beaten 1 cup semi sweet chocolate chips 1 tbsp vanilla extract simple 1/2 cup heavy cream 2/3 cup semisweet chocolate chips Rainbow sprinkles, for garnish

Directions: Need something vegetarian-friendly? This loaded vegetarian quiche is chock-full of protein and flavour, with savoury cheese and tons of veggies like mushrooms, peppers, and zucchini. CREDIT: UNSPLASH

• • • • • • • • • • •

1/2 cup chopped green bell pepper 1/2 cup mushrooms, sliced 1/2 cup chopped zucchini 1 large tomato, sliced 2 tbsp all-purpose flour 2 tsp dried basil 3 eggs, beaten 1/2 cup milk 1/2 tsp salt 1/4 tsp ground black pepper 1 1/2 cups shredded Colby-Monterey Jack cheese, divided

Directions:

1. Preheat the oven to 400 degrees F (200 degrees C). 2. Bake pie crust in the preheated oven until firm, about 8 minutes. Remove crust from oven and set aside. Reduce oven heat to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). 3. Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Cook and stir onion, green bell pepper, mushrooms, and zucchini in hot oil until soft, 5 to 7 minutes. Remove vegetables from the skillet and set aside. 4. Sprinkle tomato slices with flour and basil; cook in the skillet for 1 minute per side. 5. Whisk eggs, milk, salt, and pepper together in a small bowl. 6. Spread 1 cup Colby-Monterey Jack cheese in the bottom of the pie crust. Layer vegetable mixture over the cheese and top with the tomatoes. Pour egg mixture into pie shell. Sprinkle remaining 1/2 cup cheese on top of the quiche. 7. Bake in the preheated oven until a knife inserted near the center comes out clean, 40 to 45 minutes. Cool for 5 minutes before serving.

TOP SECRET CHOCOLATE CAKE

Recipe by Ree Drummond from Food Network. Shh. This recipe has top secret in the name because no one will be able to tell that you used a dark chocolate cake mix. If you don't have a Bundt pan on hand, you can always use a nine by 13 inch baking dish and adjust the baking time to around 30 to 35 minutes. Total time: 1 hr 35 mins (includes cooling time) 8-10 servings

Icon by Iconfinder

1. For the cake: Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F (180 degrees C). Grease a 10-cup Bundt pan with baking spray. 2. Mix together the cake mix, milk, butter, eggs, chocolate chips, and vanilla in a large bowl until completely combined. Pour into the prepared Bundt pan and bake until a toothpick inserted in the centre comes out clean, about 40 minutes. 3. Let the cake cool for about 15 minutes before turning it onto a cooling rack. Allow to cool completely, an additional 20 to 25 minutes. 4. For the simple chocolate ganache topping: Heat the cream in a small pan until just bubbling. Add the chocolate chips to a small bowl and pour the hot cream over top. Let sit for 1 minute, then mix until smooth. 5. Transfer the cake to a cake stand or serving platter and pour the ganache over top, allowing it to drip down the ridges. Shake rainbow sprinkles over the ganache. Serve.

Finish off your Easter meal with something sweet! The secret to this chocolate cake is that it uses a dark chocolate cake mix, making it easy and delicious. CREDIT: UNSPLASH

ISSUE 190.4 | SPORTS & HEALTH

THEONTARION.COM

There are some societal conceptions surrounding women’s natural bodies that may lead people to believe that any discharge and odour is undesirable and abnormal, which is not the case. CREDIT: PEXELS

Feminine product line comes under fire for problematic marketing Bigger issue stems from the feminine hygiene industry touting unnecessary products to people who have not been given adequate sex education TASHA FALCONER

ecently, Vagisil has come under scrutiny for their newest line of personal products, OMV!, which is targeted towards teens. The line includes a wash, wipes, and a bikini soothing serum. However, gynecologists have noted how this line of products, which are advertised on Vagisil’s Instagram account as leaving adolescents “feeling clean and confident anytime, anywhere,” is problematic. On Feb. 4, Dr. Jennifer Gunter, a Canadian gynecologist and author of The Vagina Bible (2019), tweeted “Hey @Vagisil going to call you out here for this predatory line of products aimed at teen girls. Why do you think teen vulvas need special cleaning?” Gunter further tweeted, “You are literally marketing it as vaginal health. This will damage lactobacilli and mucus and increase the risk of STIs.” Many gynecologists were con-

cerned that Vagisil’s marketing of OMV! would insinuate that vulvas were dirty, when in fact they are not. On Feb. 5, Vagisil responded to this critique on social media stating that they wanted to clarify that “OMV! [wasn’t] developed because there is something wrong with teens or that vulvas/vaginas are inherently dirty.” They went on to note that their wash was an all over body wash that is also safe for the vulvar area. They also stated that teens and their moms “shared with us that they get sweaty, [and] worry about period hygiene and odors.” However, instead of educating teens that these things are normal, they took the opportunity to create and sell a product. Vagisil’s OMV! marketing is just one example of a larger problem around the way the feminine hygiene industry markets unnecessary and problematic products to people who have not been given adequate sex education.

According to a Global Industry report, feminine intimate care was a $1.19 billion USD industry in 2019, most of which came from washes and wipes. Dr. Staci Tanouye, a gynecologist and TikTok sex educator, stated in a TikTok video that “this industry prays on insecurities of women” and that “no one needs to be fresher or smoother.” American gynecologist Dr. Heather Irobunda furthered this conversation on Instagram, noting that this predatory advertising particularly affects those in the BIPOC community. According to Irobunda, “cultural difference and less access to medical care may cause people to self-treat any vaginal issues they develop. This may cause them to be more susceptible to fall victim to predatory marketing by some of these ‘feminine care’ brands.” Irobunda also said that these companies seem like an authority, particularly when there is no in-

formation coming from home or school regarding genital hygiene. Additionally, the OMV! products are advertised as being gynecologist-tested, which makes it seem like they are good products, but gynecologist-tested does not mean gynecologist approved, and these types of feminine products are not regulated. They are considered cosmetics by the FDA, and therefore do not have a regulation or approval process. This advertising problem is not new. In a 2009 publication in the academic journal Women & Health, Michelle Ferranti discusses how even in the mid-1800s douching was seen as something conducive to cleanliness as well as a birth control. The idea of ‘feminine hygiene’ was invented by advertisers in the 1920s, during which time there were many advertisements for douching products. Ferranti notes that by the

1940s advertisers needed to switch tactics and began using a technique known as demand creation, which is essentially when companies create a problem so their product can solve it. In this case, new products such as powders, washes, and wipes were created to deodorize genitals. A 2018 study by Sara Crann and colleagues at the University of Guelph found that 95 per cent of participants with vulvas had used at least one hygiene product in the genital area in the last three months, and many reported using these products at least once a day. Crann and colleagues also found that people who used these products were more likely to have been diagnosed with a yeast infection, bacterial vaginosis (BV), or a urinary tract infection (UTI). For example, those who used feminine washes were 3.5 times more likely to have had BV and 2.5 times more likely to have had a UTI. Instead of helping, these products may actually be causing problems. A 2017 Sex Roles article details a study on reasons why people with vulvas use these products. The authors found that the most common was to be “clean and fresh.” Specifically, participants of the study said that discharge and odour were undesirable and abnormal. The authors noted that this shows the societal expectations around the unacceptability of women’s natural bodies. The participants in the study did note that advertising played a large role in the belief that the products would help them achieve cleanliness and freshness, which is the exact problem gynecologists see with OMV! The Canadian Women’s Health Network notes that it is normal for vulvas to have a smell and discharge, which may stain underwear. They recommend seeking medical advice if there is a change from your typical smell and discharge. Additionally, they do not recommend using vaginal sprays, vaginal deodorants, or douching. The vagina is self-cleaning and therefore does not need additional cleaning. However, for washing a vulva, Tanouye recommends letting soap run down your body, but not applying soap directly to the vulva. Further, Tanouye notes that cleaning the vulva should involve cleaning the folds on the outside of the labia minora and the clitoral hood with just water. As a final takeaway, when it comes to sexual health it's important to get your information from reputable sources, such as science and doctors — not from advertisements.

FUN STUFF

THE ONTARION

25 & 26 | FUN PAGES

APRIL TO-DO LIST Disclaimer: The events listed are happening and abide by regional COVID-19 restrictions as of March 24, 2021.

APRIL 1

APRIL 6

APRIL 8

Ignition By: Power to Change Come on out to online Ignition! Power to Change has a vision that every student can walk closer to Jesus and experience life in him. They welcome you to join them in icebreaker games, worship, and the chance to listen to a guest speaker. 7:30 p.m. - 8:30 p.m. / RSVP via gryphlife.uoguelph.ca / Free for U of G students

At Home Scavenger Hunt Exam Edition By: Student Transition Office and Off-Campus Living Join other mature, off-campus, and transfer students to get your mind thinking about finals. This exam readiness scavenger hunt will make sure you're prepared for finals season. There will be prizes to help you out with your future exam supplies. 1:00 p.m. - 2:00 p.m. / RSVP via gryphlife.uoguelph.ca / Free for U of G students

The 2021 Last Lecture By: Student Experience The Last Lecture offers graduating students of the Class of 2021 an opportunity to come together and reflect upon their experiences at the University of Guelph, bring closure to the time that they have spent there, and celebrate their many accomplishments both inside and outside of the classroom. This annual event features an address by a graduating student, a distinguished member of the alumni family and a faculty member. 5:30 p.m. - 6:30 p.m. / RSVP via gryphlife.uoguelph.ca / Free for U of G students

APRIL 5 Trans Students’ Discussion By: OUTline and Sexual and Gender Diversity office The Trans Students' Discussion serves as an opportunity for students to connect virtually and discuss and share lived experiences of being part of Trans communities. At the discussion, they explore different topics related to gender identity, finding community, pop culture, and more. 6:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m. / RSVP via gryphlife.uoguelph.ca / Free for U of G students

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APRIL 7 Growing Vegetables Under Cover by Niki Jabbour By: Healthy Landscapes & Guelph-Wellington MG Join award-winning author Niki Jabbour as she shares her secrets to growing more food, reducing pest problems, and dealing with unpredictable weather in her vegetable garden. She will spotlight a wide variety of season extenders like shade cloth, row cover, cold frames, and polytunnels, as well as show you how to use garden covers to prevent damage from deer, flea beetles, and cabbageworms. 7:00 p.m. - 8:30 p.m. / RSVP via eventbrite.ca / Free

Transfer Tea Time By: Student Transition Office Are you a Transfer or Mature student in your first year at the University of Guelph? Come out to meet other students in a similar boat. With experiences from other post-secondary institutions, you have a unique outlook on your academic journey! Grab yourself a mug of hot tea, cocoa, coffee, or whatever helps start your day off right and get to know fellow Gryphons also experiencing their first year at U of G. 9:00 a.m. - 10:00 a.m. / RSVP via gryphlife.uoguelph.ca / Free for U of G students

APRIL 14 Evening Social with Transfer and Mature Students By: Student Transition Office Grab yourself a glass of wine, grape juice, or whatever you're in the mood for, and get to know fellow Gryphons also experiencing their first year at U of G. Please note: Drinking is optional and students do not need to drink to attend the event. Please only consume alcohol if you are of age. 6:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m. / RSVP via gryphlife.uoguelph.ca / Free for U of G students

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APRIL 22 A Garden is Not Just a Collection of Plants, by Allan Armitage By: Healthy Landscapes & Guelph-Wellington MG Dr. Allan Armitage will talk about some of his favorite plants, new and old, that he recommends to gardeners. To enjoy this lecture, being a crazy gardener is useful, but enjoying a diverse plant palette, and having dirty fingernails is even better. 7:00 p.m. - 8:30 p.m. / RSVP via eventbrite.ca / Free

APRIL 26 Muffin 101 with Rover Lauren Good By: Virtual Venturing Virtual Venturing is basing this on their ‘101 Cookies’ and will be sending out a selection of muffin recipes for you to choose between and follow along. They are open to suggestions on options. 7:00 p.m. / Online via Zoom / Free

VOLUNTEER WITH THE ONTARION

APRIL 29 #ChangeStartsNow anti-racism summit By: Guelph Black Heritage Society This multi-day summit will bring together speakers to address racism with the goal to engage and educate the community, as well as empower them to take action to dismantle racism in all its forms in the community and beyond. The summit will include music, discussions in collaboration with the U of G and the screening of a documentary. April 29 - May 2 / Online / Passes available on eventbrite.ca from $35 – $65, gives access to ten exclusive events.

FUN PAGE

THEONTARION.COM

EASY CROSSWORD

SUDOKU

Fill in the empty squares so that each of the digits 1 through 9 appear once in each row, column, and 3-by-3 block.

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29–Golfer Calvin 30–Girder 31–Bobby of the Black Panthers 32–Big house 34–Prepared to pray 37–Arrange 38–Rousing 40–Awestruck 41–Dies ___ 43–State of existing 44–Blanketlike cloak 46–Hit back, perhaps 47–Peace Nobelist Wiesel 48–Kernels 49–Lose one's cool 50–Big bash 51–Fit for service 52–Russian river 53–Withered 56–Title of a knight

For your chance to win two Bob's Dogs and two pops, just complete an EASY crossword, snap a picture, and send it to puzzles@theontarion.com by April 20 at 3 p.m. Winners and anyone else who fills in the crossword correctly are announced in the paper each issue. Winners can arrange a physically distanced pickup of their voucher by emailing the same address. Nobody submitted a puzzle for last issue’s puzzle.

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Down 1–Cut ruthlessly 2–Oklahoma Native 3–Heath 4–Adverse 5–Globe 6–Had in mind 7–Farm measure 8–Feline 9–Submerged to the mid-leg 10–Ethically neutral 11–Actress Ward 12–Potter's oven 13–I smell ___! 21–Just okay 23–Be dependent 25–Point in question 26–Pays to play 27–Passed out 28–Visible exhalation

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FUN STUFF | A PR I L 202 1

THE ONTARION

MEDIUM CROSSWORD 1

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1–Perspective 2–Tennis great Rod 3–Absurd 4–Convenience 5–Mus. slow-up 6–Classic Alan Ladd western 7–Spanish snack 8–One of the Baldwins 9–Lullaby 10–New Zealand natives 11–___ once 12–Roofing stone 13–Rescues 21–Unwell 22–It parallels a radius 24–Sandwich initials 27–Nymph presiding over rivers 28–Shoppe sign word 29–___-mo replay 30–Cornfield sound 31–Immigrant's subj. 32–Mlle., across the Pyrenees 33–Lisa, to Bart, briefly 34–Hosp. sections 35–Pen full of oink 37–Translucent 38–Hand weight for exercising 40–Stated 41–A Stooge 42–High 43–Bleaching agent 44–Runs without moving 45–Opposite of o'er 46–Strike 47–Kett and James 48–Threepio's buddy 49–Big cats 50–Rope used to guide a horse 52–Fill with cargo 53–To ___ (just so) 57–Pouch

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37–Self-respect 38–Grime 39–Hooter 40–Bristlelike parts 41–Untidy 42–Cobb, e.g. 43–Actor Herbert 44–Infuse 47–Examine closely 51–Detect 54–Zest 55–Stretched out 56–Suffragist Carrie 57–Attack 58–Suffix with cigar 59–Conception 60–As a companion 61–Discard 62–Barely passing grades 63–Shut

Across 1–More cunning 6–Thrust with a knife 10–Aggregate 14–Hawaiian island 15–Sound 16–___ breve 17–Halt, salt! 18–Mimic 19–Norwegian saint 20–Hawaii's state bird 21–Incorrect 23–Quiver 25–In groups 26–Building addition 27–People and places, e.g. 29–Bouquet 32–Chip dip 33–Paris possessive 36–Go the distance

CONNECT WITH US   @TheOntarion

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 TheOntarion.com

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SUDOKU ANSWERS FROM ISSUE 190.3

HARD CROSSWORD 1

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9 15

60 63

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Down

1–"La ___", 1946 Dolores del Rio 5–Saab model 9–North Sea feeder 13–Letters 14–Part of Hispaniola 16–Senate position 17–First Arabic letter 18–River romper 19–Web-footed aquatic bird 20–Tabula ___ 21–Parisian street 22–Potemkin mutiny city 24–Speech issue 26–Human leg joint 27–Friday's creator 29–Immensity 33–Navigation acronym 34–State 35–Wild plum 36–___ was saying... 37–Beam 38–401(k) kin 39–Quarter bushel 41–Deal 42–Belle or Bart 44–"The Lord is my shepherd" writer, e.g. 46–Omit in pronunciation 47–Many millennia 48–Jog 49–Lure 52–Former Justice Fortas 53–Troop group 57–King of comedy 58–Big name in printers 60–Use a surgical beam 61–Fork part 62–Type of question 63–Venus de Milo's lack 64–Quartz variety 65–Freshly 66–Some whiskeys

1–General Bradley 2–Currency unit in Western Samoa 3–Reformer Jacob 4–Lucerne 5–Riding 6–Devour 7–Solemn ceremony 8–Suffix with Capri 9–Prizes 10–Wine sediment 11–Taverns 12–Sicilian spouter 15–Blast furnace input 23–___ Spiegel 25–It's not free of charge 26–Prepared to pray 27–Medicine measures 28–"Fear of Flying" author Jong 29–Put out 30–Homer classic 31–Baseball manager Joe 32–Age unit 33–Scandinavian 34–Compile, accumulate 37–Thicket 40–Brand of facial tissue 42–___-mo 43–Nominal 45–Pasture sound 46–Before this time 48–Steak order 49–Roman censor 50–Lena of "Chocolat" 51–Umpteen 52–Org. 54–Not any 55–Woe ___ 56–Mrs. Dick Tracy 59–Shooter ammo

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The Ontarion - 190.4

Articles inside

Opinion: U of G needs to work on its zero-tolerance policy

Egg-cellent Easter Eats

Feminine product line comes under fire for problematic marketing

Diary of a Vet Student: Changing curricula: Phase 4

From house to table

19. How to effectively shoot black and white photography

Pandemic book list: Three books exploring the significance of home

Learn about Scottish tourism through historical ephemera

Bets and risks: The modern stock trade industry

Marvel Studios makes a long awaited return with WandaVision

HeforShe: Solidarity movement celebrated at U of G

ON the Radar

Grocery retail research hopes to influence pandemic protocols

Using art for wellness, restoration, and self-expression

Creating a space on campus for Indigenous Food Sovereignty