Stroke order
|
Simplified Chinese and Japanese
|
落 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 12 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, cangjie input 廿水竹口 (TEHR), four-corner 44164, composition ⿱艹洛)
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1043, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31362
- Dae Jaweon: page 1503, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3255, character 8
- Unihan data for U+843D
|
Old Chinese
|
髂
|
*kʰraːɡs
|
路
|
*ɡ·raːɡs
|
輅
|
*ɡ·raːɡs
|
賂
|
*ɡ·raːɡs
|
虂
|
*ɡ·raːɡs
|
露
|
*ɡ·raːɡs
|
潞
|
*raːɡs
|
鷺
|
*raːɡs
|
璐
|
*raːɡs
|
簬
|
*raːɡs
|
簵
|
*ɡ·raːɡs
|
洛
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
駱
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
絡
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
酪
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
烙
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
雒
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
珞
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
硌
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
袼
|
*ɡ·raːɡ, *klaːɡ
|
笿
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
鉻
|
*ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
|
鮥
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
鵅
|
*ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
|
挌
|
*ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
|
落
|
*ɡ·raːɡ
|
各
|
*klaːɡ
|
胳
|
*klaːɡ
|
閣
|
*klaːɡ
|
格
|
*klaːɡ, *kraːɡ
|
擱
|
*klaːɡ
|
恪
|
*kʰlaːɡ
|
愙
|
*kʰaːɡ
|
貉
|
*ɡlaːɡ, *mɡraːɡ
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狢
|
*ɡlaːɡ
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佫
|
*ɡlaːɡ
|
略
|
*ɡ·raɡ
|
茖
|
*kraːɡ
|
骼
|
*kraːɡ
|
觡
|
*kraːɡ
|
蛒
|
*kraːɡ
|
敋
|
*kraːɡ
|
客
|
*kʰraːɡ
|
喀
|
*kʰraːɡ
|
揢
|
*kʰraːɡ
|
額
|
*ŋɡraːɡ
|
峉
|
*ŋɡraːɡ
|
頟
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*ŋɡraːɡ
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詻
|
*ŋɡraːɡ
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垎
|
*ɡraːɡ
|
楁
|
*ɡraːɡ
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 洛 (OC *ɡ·raːɡ).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(k/g)la-k/y/t (“to fall”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007):
- within Sinitic, cognate to 露 (OC *ɡ·raːɡs) "dew", 下 (OC *ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs, “down, below, to descend, to fall down”) , 陊 (OC *l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ) "to collapse" and 阤 (OC *l'alʔ, *hljalʔ) "hillside, slope";
- outsides Sinitic, cognate to Mizo tla ~ tlâk (“to fall”) and thla ~ thlâk (“to drop”), Burmese ကျ (kya., “to fall”) and ချ (hkya., “to drop”).
Schuessler attributes OC *r-, instead of expected **l-, to possible Austroasiatic influence: compare Khmer [script needed] (gra'ka, “be low, debased”) < [script needed] (-ra'ka, “to fall, below, cover from above”). However, Matisoff (2003) identifies several ST etyma which display TB *(C‑)l- vs. OC *(C‑)r‑ correspondence (e.g. *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”) → 良 (OC *raŋ), *g/m-liŋ (“neck”) → 領 (OC *reŋʔ), etc.) and TB *(C‑)r- vs. OC *(C‑)l‑ (e.g. *g-rjum (“salt”) → 鹽 (OC *ɡ·lam)); so irregularities in correspondence do not necessarily indicate foreign influences.
Contemporary southern usage possibly reinforced by a Kra-Dai term. The term has been associated with Zhuang loengx (“to fall”).
Zhengzhang suggested that Pronunciation 2 was a result of loss of final consonant of the retained Old Chinese Pronunciation 1.
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): luò, lào, luō (luo4, lao4, luo1)
- (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ, ㄌㄠˋ, ㄌㄨㄛ
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): no2
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lok6
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): lok5 / lok4
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): lau / lo̍k
- (Meixian, Guangdong): log6
- Jin (Wiktionary): lueh4 / luah4 / lau3
- Northern Min (KCR): lò̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): lŏ̤h
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): lo̍k / lo̍h / làu / lak / lauh / lō͘ / la̍uh / nia̍uh
- (Teochew, Peng'im): loh8 / laoh8 / lag4
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8loq
Note:
- luò - "drop, fall, settle";
- lào - "go down";
- luō - only used in 大大落落 (Mainland standard).
Note:
- lueh4 - literary;
- luah4, lau3 - vernacular.
- Northern Min
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
Note:
- lo̍k - literary;
- lo̍h - colloquial (“to fall; to go down; to lower; to finish; to write down; to add; to issue; to rain or snow; down onto; classifier for a row of houses; to get along well; to go to somewhere inferior; to fell; to divide into; classifier for events”);
- làu - colloquial (“to fall; to drop (Xiamen, Zhangzhou); to leave behind; to fade (Xiamen, Zhangzhou); to omit; to disassemble; to leak; to lose (Zhangzhou); to have diarrhea; to coax out of somebody; to unload; to show off one's skills; to gather to help; loose; to blow; to space out”);
- lak - colloquial (“to fall; to fall behind (Taiwan); to fade (Taiwan, Singapore); to omit; to fall off; to lose”);
- lauh - colloquial (“used in 舊落落 and 舊落咆”);
- lō͘ - colloquial (“used in 落尾”);
- la̍uh/nia̍uh - possibly unrelated, used in compounds such as 交落.
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
Character
|
落
|
Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
|
luò
|
Middle Chinese
|
‹ lak ›
|
Old Chinese
|
/*kə.rˁak/
|
English
|
fall (v.)
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
Character
|
落
|
Reading #
|
1/1
|
No.
|
3880
|
Phonetic component
|
各
|
Rime group
|
鐸
|
Rime subdivision
|
0
|
Corresponding MC rime
|
落
|
Old Chinese
|
/*ɡ·raːɡ/
|
落
- to fall; to drop
- 落淚/落泪 ― luòlèi ― to shed tears
隕石為什麼總是落在隕石坑裡? [MSC, trad.]
陨石为什么总是落在陨石坑里? [MSC, simp.]- Yǔnshí wèishénme zǒngshì luò zài yǔnshíkēng lǐ? [Pinyin]
- Why do meteors always fall right into craters? (a joke question)
- 落水 ― luòshuǐ ― to fall into the water
- (intransitive) (to go to a lower place)
- to go down; to descend; to set
- 日落 ― rìluò ― sunset
- 潮水落了。 ― Cháoshuǐ luò le. ― The tide is low.
鳥兒落在樹枝上。 [MSC, trad.]
鸟儿落在树枝上。 [MSC, simp.]- Niǎo'ér luò zài shùzhī shàng. [Pinyin]
- The bird lands on the branch
- (Cantonese, Southern Min) to go down; to descend (of a person, animal, etc.)
- 落樓梯/落楼梯 [Cantonese] ― lok6 lau4 tai1 [Jyutping] ― to go down the stairs
我落一落樓下。 [Cantonese, trad.]
我落一落楼下。 [Cantonese, simp.]- ngo5 lok6 jat1 lok6 lau4 haa6. [Jyutping]
- I will go downstairs for a while.
- to decline; to sink; to come down
- 衰落 ― shuāiluò ― to decline; to go downhill
- 家道中落 ― jiādàozhōngluò ― the family fortunes has declined
- 落到這步田地/落到这步田地 ― luò dào zhè bù tiándì ― to come down to such a plight
- to fall onto; to rest with (of responsibility, power, position, etc.)
- 大權旁落/大权旁落 ― dàquánpángluò ― power has fallen into the hands of others
這個任務落到了我身上。 [MSC, trad.]
这个任务落到了我身上。 [MSC, simp.]- Zhège rènwù luò dào le wǒ shēnshàng. [Pinyin]
- This task falls onto our shoulders.
- (Cantonese, Southern Min, Wu) to get off; to alight; to exit; to disembark (a vehicle)
- 落船 [Guangzhou Cantonese] ― lok6 syun4 [Jyutping] ― to disembark from a boat
- 落車/落车 [Guangzhou Cantonese] ― lok6 ce1 [Jyutping] ― to alight; to exit a car
- 落車/落车 [Hokkien] ― lo̍h-chhia [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to alight; to exit a car
- (Cantonese, Eastern Min, Southern Min, dialectal Wu) to finish; to complete (class or work)
- 落課/落课 ― lo̍hkè ― to finish class
- (Cantonese) to go to a more lively and bustling area (especially downtown)
- (Cantonese, Eastern Min, Mainland China Hokkien) to go to somewhere inferior or subordinate
- 落鄉/落乡 [Hokkien] ― lo̍h-hiuⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to go to the countryside
- (Cantonese, Hokkien, Teochew) down [onto; to]
- 打落地下度 [Cantonese] ― daa2 lok6 dei6 haa6-2 dou6 [Jyutping] ― to hit something and cause it to fall to the ground
- (transitive) (to move something to a lower place)
- to lower; to let fall; to let down
我把簾子落下來。 [MSC, trad.]
我把帘子落下来。 [MSC, simp.]- Wǒ bǎ liánzi luò xiàlái. [Pinyin]
- I lowered the blinds.
- 落價/落价 [Hokkien] ― lo̍h-kè [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to fall in price
- (literary) to write down (with a pen)
- (Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Min, Southern Pinghua, Wu, Xiang) to fall down; to rain or snow
啲雨一滴都未落佢已經喺度攞住把遮行。 [Cantonese, trad.]
啲雨一滴都未落佢已经喺度𫽋住把遮行。 [Cantonese, simp.]- di1 jyu5 jat1 dik1 dou1 mei6 lok6 keoi5 ji5 ging1 hai2 dou6 lo2 zyu6 baa2 ze1 haang4. [Jyutping]
- He had already started to carry an umbrella before the rain even began to fall.
- (Cantonese, Southern Min) to add; to put in (into food, a mixture, etc.)
- 落味精 [Cantonese] ― lok6 mei6 zing1 [Jyutping] ― to add MSG
- 落石屎 [Cantonese] ― lok6 sek6 si2 [Jyutping] ― to pour concrete
- (Cantonese, Hokkien) to give or issue something to an inferior person
- 落旨 [Cantonese] ― lok6 zi2 [Jyutping] ― to issue a decree
- 落叉廚/落叉厨 [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― lok6 caa1 cyu4 [Jyutping] ― to issue a charge
- 落公文 [Hokkien] ― lo̍h kong-bûn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to issue an official document
- (Cantonese) to abort (a fetus)
你咁狠心落咗佢。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]- nei5 gam3 han2 sam1 lok6 zo2 keoi5. [Jyutping]
- How cruel of you to abort it.
- (Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) to fell; to lop; to cut down; to hew (trees)
- to stop; to cease
- 落腳/落脚 ― luòjiǎo ― to stop over; to put up
- 話音未落/话音未落 ― huàyīn wèi luò ― before one has finished speaking
- to lag behind; to fall behind
- 落選/落选 ― luòxuǎn ― to lose an election
- 落伍 ― luòwǔ ― to be behind the times
- to leave behind; to stay behind
- 不落痕跡/不落痕迹 ― bùluòhénjì ― to leave no trace
- place where one stays; whereabouts
- 下落 ― xiàluò ― whereabouts
- settlement; place to gather together
- 村落 ― cūnluò ― village
- small area; short part
- 段落 ― duànluò ― paragraph
- to get; to receive; to have
- 落不是 ― làobùshi ― to get blamed
- 落褒貶/落褒贬 ― làobāobiǎn ― to receive praise and criticism
- 落埋怨 ― làomáiyuàn ― to take the blame
- (Eastern Min) Classifier for residences.
- (Hainanese, Leizhou Min, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) to fade (of color)
- (Hokkien) Classifier for a row of houses.
- (Hokkien) to omit; to leave out
- (Hokkien) to disassemble; to dismantle
- (Hokkien) to have diarrhea
- (Hokkien) to leak (of water or gas)
- (Hokkien) to coax out of somebody; to trick somebody into telling (of a secret, information, the truth, etc.)
- (Hokkien) to fall off; to drop off (from somewhere)
- (Hokkien) to lose; to misplace
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to get along well
- (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) loose; about to fall off (often reduplicated)
- (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for events, deals, etc..
- (Xiamen Hokkien) to divide into; to split up into
- (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to unload (cargo, etc.)
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to show off one's skills in speaking (a certain language)
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to gather (one's own men) to help (used to gather a crowd for a fight)
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to shake a container to let something fall out
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien, of wind) to blow
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to space out; to leave distances in between
- (Cantonese) added after a verb to express a reassessment after doing or experiencing something for a certain period of time
佢睇落幾靚仔。 [Cantonese, trad.]
佢睇落几靓仔。 [Cantonese, simp.]- keoi5 tai2 lok6 gei2 leng3 zai2. [Jyutping]
- He seems to be quite handsome.
- (Cantonese) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
做落先知原來咁難。 [Cantonese, trad.]
做落先知原来咁难。 [Cantonese, simp.]- zou6 lok6 sin1 zi1 jyun4 loi4 gam3 naan4. [Jyutping]
- Only after doing it for a while do you realize how difficult it is.
肥到著唔落條褲 [Cantonese, trad.]
肥到著唔落条裤 [Cantonese, simp.]- fei4 dou3 zoek3 m4 lok6 tiu4 fu3 [Jyutping]
- too fat to put on the pair of pants
- a surname
Dialectal synonyms of
下 (“to go down; to descend”)
[map]
- 來塌/来塌 (lai2 ta6) (Xiang)
- 漏 (lòu)
- 漏掉 (lòudiào)
- 漏脫/漏脱 (lòutuō)
- 省略 (shěnglüè)
- 脫漏/脱漏 (tuōlòu)
- 脫落/脱落 (tuōluò)
- 落勾 (Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 遺漏/遗漏 (yílòu)
- 遺落/遗落 (yíluò)
- (to disassemble): 拆卸 (chāixiè); (Hokkien) 拆落
Dialectal synonyms of
腹瀉 (“to have diarrhea”)
[map]
Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
Classical Chinese
|
下痢 TCM
|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
腹瀉, 瀉
|
Northeastern Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
拉稀, 拉肚子, 跑肚子, 跑肚, 鬧肚子
|
Taiwan
|
拉肚子
|
Langfang
|
鬧肚子
|
Chengde
|
瀉肚
|
Ulanhot
|
拉肚子
|
Tongliao
|
拉肚子
|
Chifeng
|
瀉, 跑肚子, 拉肚子, 拉肚
|
Hulunbuir (Hailar)
|
鬧肚子, 拉肚子, 拉肚
|
Heihe
|
瀉肚, 腹瀉, 瀉, 拉肚子, 跑肚子
|
Qiqihar
|
瀉肚, 拉肚子, 跑肚子
|
Harbin
|
瀉肚, 跑肚子, 跑肚, 拉稀, 拉肚子, 拉肚, 躥稀
|
Jiamusi
|
瀉肚, 腹瀉, 拉肚子, 跑肚子
|
Baicheng
|
瀉肚, 拉肚子, 跑肚子
|
Changchun
|
跑肚, 拉稀, 鬧肚子
|
Tonghua
|
跑肚, 拉稀
|
Shenyang
|
瀉肚, 瀉, 腹瀉, 拉肚子, 拉稀, 鬧肚子, 跑肚
|
Jinzhou
|
瀉肚, 跑肚, 鬧肚子, 拉肚子, 拉稀, 躥稀
|
Malaysia
|
拉肚子
|
Singapore
|
瀉肚子
|
Jilu Mandarin
|
Tianjin
|
瀉肚, 拉肚子, 跑肚子, 拉稀
|
Tangshan
|
跑肚, 瀉肚, 拉稀
|
Cangzhou
|
跑肚, 拉稀
|
Baoding
|
跑肚, 鬧肚子
|
Shijiazhuang
|
跑肚, 躥稀
|
Lijin
|
拉肚子, 跑欄
|
Jinan
|
拉肚子, 跑茅子, 拉稀
|
Jiaoliao Mandarin
|
Dalian
|
泚稀
|
Dandong
|
瀉肚, 拉肚子, 跑肚, 冒肚, 拉稀, 開當鋪
|
Yantai
|
拉肚子, 跑肚子
|
Yantai (Muping)
|
冒肚子, 拉肚子, 蹲肚子
|
Qingdao
|
拉肚子, 冒肚子
|
Zhucheng
|
拉肚子, 淌肚子
|
Central Plains Mandarin
|
Luoyang
|
拉肚子, 拉稀, 跑肚子, 冒肚, 躥鞭桿兒
|
Lingbao
|
拉肚子
|
Jining
|
屙稀, 屙肚子, 鬧肚子
|
Daming
|
跑肚
|
Wanrong
|
跑茅子
|
Linfen
|
跑茅
|
Shangqiu
|
瀉肚, 瀉, 拉肚, 跑肚子, 冒肚
|
Yuanyang
|
瀉肚, 腹瀉, 拉肚子, 拉肚, 跑肚
|
Zhengzhou
|
瀉肚, 拉肚
|
Xinyang
|
冒肚, 拉稀
|
Baihe
|
拉肚子
|
Xi'an
|
瀉肚子, 拉肚子, 跑肚子, 跑後
|
Baoji
|
腹瀉, 瀉, 拉肚子, 跑肚
|
Yanchi
|
跑肚
|
Guyuan
|
跑肚
|
Longde
|
跑肚子
|
Jingyuan
|
跑後
|
Tianshui
|
㞎肚哩
|
Xining
|
拉肚子, 跑肚, 拉稀, 拉稀屎
|
Xuzhou
|
拉肚子, 拉肚, 屙肚, 跑肚, 躥稀
|
Fuyang
|
拉肚子, 跑肚子, 腹瀉
|
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
|
跑肚
|
Lanyin Mandarin
|
Yinchuan
|
跑肚, 跑肚子, 拉肚, 拉肚子
|
Wuzhong
|
跑肚
|
Zhongwei
|
跑肚
|
Bayanhot
|
拉肚子
|
Lanzhou
|
瀉肚, 跑肚子, 跑肚, 拉稀, 拉稀屎
|
Dunhuang
|
瀉肚子, 瀉肚, 拉肚子, 冒肚子
|
Hami
|
跑肚子
|
Ürümqi
|
拉稀, 拉肚子, 躥稀, 跑肚子, 跑肚
|
Southwestern Mandarin
|
Chengdu
|
拉稀, 屙肚子, 屙稀, 拉肚子, 肚皮過 euphemistic, 飆稀 vulgar, 打滑 vulgar, 屙稀㞎㞎 childish
|
Nanchong
|
拉肚子, 跑肚子
|
Dazhou
|
跑肚子
|
Hanyuan
|
屙肚子, 瀉
|
Xichang
|
拉肚子
|
Zigong
|
屙肚子
|
Chongqing
|
屙肚子
|
Wuhan
|
發屙, 屙肚子, 瀉肚子, 瀉, 拉肚子, 拉稀 humorous, 滑腸子 humorous
|
Yichang
|
拉肚子
|
Xiangyang
|
拉肚子, 腹瀉
|
Tianmen
|
拉肚子, 拉稀
|
Guiyang
|
拉肚皮, 屙肚子, 拉稀
|
Zunyi
|
拉稀
|
Bijie
|
肚皮不好
|
Liping
|
屙肚子
|
Zhaotong
|
屙肚子
|
Dali
|
肚子瀉
|
Kunming
|
拉肚子, 肚子瀉, 瀉肚子
|
Mengzi
|
拉肚子
|
Guilin
|
拉肚子, 屙肚子
|
Guilin (Lingui)
|
拉肚子
|
Liuzhou
|
拉肚子, 屙肚子, 屙肚, 屙, 拉稀, 打瀌槍
|
Liuzhou (Luorong)
|
拉肚子
|
Nanning (Wuming)
|
拉瀉, 屙肚, 屙瀉, 屙爛屎, 拉肚子, 屙肚子
|
Jishou
|
拉肚, 拉稀, 拉稀痢
|
Changde
|
肚子屙
|
Hanzhong
|
拉肚子
|
Reshuitang (Longling)
|
拉稀屎
|
Mae Salong (Lancang)
|
拉稀
|
Mae Sai (Tengchong)
|
拉稀
|
Jianghuai Mandarin
|
Nanjing
|
屙肚, 拉肚子, 瀉肚
|
Yangzhou
|
屙肚, 屙肚子, 屙, 拉肚, 拉肚子, 瀉肚, 拉痢, 躥稀, 拉稀
|
Lianyungang
|
拉肚子, 屙肚子
|
Lianshui
|
屙肚子, 屙肚, 拉肚子, 拉肚
|
Nantong
|
拉肚子, 瀉肚子
|
Anqing
|
屙肚子
|
Wuhu
|
屙肚子
|
Hefei
|
屙肚子, 拉肚子, 跑稀, 拉稀
|
Huanggang
|
屙肚子
|
Hong'an
|
瀉肚子, 肚子瀉
|
Mandarin
|
Nanping (Yanping)
|
屙
|
Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
肚屙, 屙肚, 屙瀡瀡, 屙啡啡, 屙
|
Hong Kong
|
肚屙, 肚瀉, 屙肚, 屙啡啡, 屙
|
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
|
屙肚仔
|
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
肚屙
|
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
肚胈屙
|
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
肚胈屙
|
Macau
|
肚屙
|
Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
肚屙
|
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
肚屙
|
Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
屙肚
|
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
肚屙
|
Foshan
|
肚屙
|
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
肚屙
|
Foshan (Shunde)
|
肚屙
|
Foshan (Sanshui)
|
肚屙
|
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
屙肚
|
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
肚屙
|
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
|
肚屙
|
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
|
屙
|
Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
肚屙
|
Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
肚屙
|
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
肚屙
|
Taishan
|
飆屎, 肚瀉, 唔好肚
|
Kaiping (Chikan)
|
飆屎
|
Enping (Niujiang)
|
屙肚
|
Heshan (Yayao)
|
肚瀉
|
Dongguan
|
屎肚屙
|
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
肚屙
|
Qingyuan
|
屙肚
|
Fogang
|
肚屙, 屙肚
|
Yingde (Hanguang)
|
屙肚
|
Yangshan
|
屙肚
|
Lianshan (Butian)
|
屙屎瀉
|
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)
|
屙肚
|
Shaoguan
|
屙肚
|
Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
屙肚, 肚屙, 屙水瀉
|
Renhua
|
屙肚
|
Lechang
|
屙肚
|
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)
|
肚屙
|
Sihui
|
肚屙
|
Guangning
|
肚屙
|
Deqing
|
肚屙
|
Huaiji
|
發屙, 發屎瀉
|
Fengkai (Nanfeng)
|
發屙
|
Yunfu
|
肚屙
|
Xinxing
|
瀨飆
|
Luoding
|
屙肚
|
Yunan (Pingtai)
|
拉啡啡, 屙啡啡
|
Yangjiang
|
肚屙
|
Xinyi
|
肚屙
|
Lianjiang
|
屙肚
|
Nanning
|
肚屙, 屙肚
|
Wuzhou
|
肚屙
|
Yulin
|
飆, 肚飆
|
Rongxian
|
屙爛屎
|
Hepu (Lianzhou)
|
肚屙
|
Hepu (Shatian)
|
屙肚
|
Guiping
|
肚屙
|
Guiping (Mule)
|
肚屙
|
Pingnan
|
肚屙
|
Mengshan (Xihe)
|
屙肚
|
Guigang (Gangcheng)
|
肚屙
|
Guigang (Nanjiang)
|
肚屙
|
Guigang (Pingdong)
|
屙肚, 壞肚
|
Beiliu (Tangliao)
|
肚屙
|
Baise
|
肚屙
|
Bobai
|
肚屙
|
Lingshan
|
肚屙
|
Pubei
|
屙肚
|
Qinzhou
|
屙肚
|
Beihai
|
屙肚
|
Beihai (Nankang)
|
屙肚
|
Beihai (Yingpan)
|
屙肚
|
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
|
屙肚
|
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
|
屙肚
|
Ningming
|
屙肚
|
Hengzhou
|
肚屙
|
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)
|
生瀉
|
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
|
屙肚
|
Danzhou
|
屙肚
|
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
肚屙
|
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
|
屙肚
|
Móng Cái
|
屙肚
|
Bangkok (Guangfu)
|
肚屙
|
Betong (Rongxian)
|
肚屙
|
Gan
|
Nanchang
|
屙肚, 屙肚子, 瀉肚, 瀉肚子
|
Pengze
|
屙肚子
|
Lichuan
|
作泄, 瀉肚子, 拉肚子
|
Pingxiang
|
瀉肚, 瀉肚子
|
Jianning
|
瀉肚
|
Hakka
|
Meixian
|
屙肚, 屙痢肚, 屙肚仔
|
Xingning
|
屙肚哩
|
Dabu (Xihe)
|
屙肚仔
|
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
肚胈屙
|
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua)
|
肚胈屙
|
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua)
|
肚胈屙
|
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua)
|
肚胈屙
|
Huidong (Daling)
|
肚胈屙
|
Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
肚胈屙
|
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua)
|
肚胈屙
|
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua)
|
屙肚, 肚胈屙
|
Boluo (Bendihua)
|
肚胈屙
|
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
屙痢肚
|
Zengcheng (Zhengguo)
|
屙肚, 屙痢肚
|
Zhongshan (Wuguishan)
|
屙肚, 屙泥泌瀉
|
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
屙泌瀉
|
Wuhua (Shuizhai)
|
屙肚哩
|
Wuhua (Huacheng)
|
屙肚哩
|
Wuhua (Changbu)
|
屙肚哩
|
Wuhua (Mianyang)
|
屙肚哩
|
Heyuan (Bendihua)
|
肚胈屙
|
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua)
|
屙肚
|
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)
|
屙肚哎
|
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua)
|
屙肚
|
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)
|
屙肚
|
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua)
|
肚胈屙
|
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)
|
肚屙
|
Wengyuan
|
屙痢肚
|
Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
嘔肚
|
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua)
|
肚胈屙
|
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua)
|
肚胈屙
|
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
|
發瀉
|
Liannan
|
屙痢肚
|
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
|
屙肚
|
Jiexi
|
屙落肚
|
Luhe
|
屙屎汁
|
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)
|
屙落屎
|
Changting
|
瀉腹
|
Longyan (Yongding)
|
屙瀉肚
|
Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding)
|
屙肚子, 瀉肚
|
Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding)
|
屙落屎
|
Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding)
|
屙肚
|
Wuping
|
泄肚
|
Wuping (Zhongshan)
|
屙落屎
|
Wuping (Yanqian)
|
泄肚
|
Wuping (Pingyu)
|
泄肚子
|
Liancheng
|
瀉腹
|
Liancheng (Peitian)
|
屙腹
|
Liancheng (Juxi)
|
腹裡屙
|
Liancheng (Zhongbao)
|
屙
|
Liancheng (Laiyuan)
|
屙腹, 屙肚屎
|
Ninghua
|
瀉腹
|
Yudu
|
碎肚, 屙肚
|
Ningdu
|
泄肚
|
Ruijin
|
泄肚
|
Shicheng
|
瀉肚, 泄肚
|
Shangyou (Shexi)
|
屙肚
|
Tonggu (Sandu)
|
泄肚子
|
Ganzhou (Panlong)
|
屙肚
|
Dayu
|
屙肚哩
|
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
屙痢肚
|
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
屙瀉粑
|
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)
|
屙瀉粑
|
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)
|
屙瀉粑
|
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)
|
屙瀉粑
|
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
屙落粑, 屙瀉粑, 屙痢肚, 瀉痢肚, 滑痢肚
|
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
屙瀉粑, 屙痢肚, 滑痢肚
|
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
屙瀉粑, 屙落屎, 屙痢肚, 瀉痢肚, 滑痢肚
|
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
落屎, 屙落屎
|
Hong Kong
|
肚胈屙
|
Yangxi (Tangkou)
|
屙肚
|
Yangchun (Sanjia)
|
屙肚
|
Xinyi (Sihe)
|
肚屙
|
Xinyi (Qianpai)
|
肚屙
|
Gaozhou (Xindong)
|
肚屙
|
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)
|
肚屙
|
Huazhou (Xin'an)
|
屙肚
|
Lianjiang (Shijiao)
|
屙肚
|
Lianjiang (Qingping)
|
屙肚
|
Mengshan (Xihe)
|
屙肚
|
Luchuan
|
肚屙
|
Luchuan (Daqiao)
|
屙爛屎
|
Beiliu (Tang'an)
|
肚屙
|
Mashan (Pianlian)
|
屙瀉
|
Sabah (Longchuan)
|
屙痢肚, 肚屙
|
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)
|
屙肚仔
|
Senai (Huiyang)
|
屙痢肚
|
Kuching (Hepo)
|
漏屎
|
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)
|
屙落肚
|
Singkawang
|
屙痢肚
|
Bangkok (Meixian)
|
屙肚
|
Bangkok (Fengshun)
|
屙痢肚
|
Bangkok (Jiexi)
|
屙落肚
|
Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
瀉肚
|
Shexian
|
肚瀉, 瀉肚, 拽肚, 肚裡拽
|
Huangshan (Tunxi)
|
瀉肚, 拉肚
|
Xiuning
|
瀉肚, 拉肚
|
Yixian
|
瀉肚
|
Qimen
|
瀉肚
|
Wuyuan
|
瀉肚
|
Fuliang
|
屙痢
|
Dexing
|
瀉肚
|
Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
跑茅子, 跑肚子, 躥稀, 拉稀
|
Pingyao
|
跑茅子
|
Yangyuan
|
瀉肚, 拉肚子, 跑肚子
|
Datong
|
跑肚
|
Xinzhou
|
跑茅子, 跑肚子, 拉稀, 賣掃帚 humorous
|
Lüliang (Lishi)
|
拉肚子, 跑茅子
|
Changzhi
|
跑肚子, 跑茅廁
|
Taibus (Baochang)
|
拉肚子
|
Linhe
|
跑肚, 拉稀
|
Jining
|
拉肚子, 跑肚
|
Hohhot
|
拉肚子, 跑肚子, 拉稀
|
Baotou
|
拉肚子, 跑肚
|
Dongsheng
|
拉肚子
|
Haibowan
|
拉肚子
|
Erenhot
|
拉肚子, 跑肚子
|
Pingshan
|
跑茅子, 跑肚
|
Zhangjiakou
|
拉肚子, 跑肚子, 跑肚, 拉稀
|
Handan
|
跑肚子, 跑肚
|
Linzhou
|
拉稀
|
Suide
|
拉肚子, 跑肚子
|
Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
瀉腹, 病瀉, 漏腠
|
Jian'ou (Dikou)
|
瀉腹
|
Songxi
|
瀉腹底
|
Zhenghe (Zhenqian)
|
腹鹵雷
|
Jianyang
|
瀉腹
|
Wuyishan
|
瀉腹
|
Pucheng (Shibei)
|
拉瀉腹
|
Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
病瀉, 拉, 破腹, 冇腹, 漏瀉
|
Fuzhou (Changle)
|
病瀉
|
Fuqing
|
漏瀉
|
Yongtai
|
病瀉
|
Gutian
|
病瀉
|
Fu'an
|
腹肚瀉
|
Ningde
|
腹肚䆀
|
Shouning
|
腹肚漏
|
Zhouning
|
腹肚瀉
|
Fuding
|
拽屎, 拽屎尿
|
Matsu
|
落瀉, 病腹
|
Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
落屎, 落腹, 落瀉, 瀉腹, 走腹
|
Quanzhou
|
落屎, 落腹, 落瀉, 瀉腹
|
Jinjiang
|
落屎, 落
|
Zhangzhou
|
落屎, 落腹, 落瀉, 瀉腹, 落屎水, 走腹仔, 疶屎, 疶屎水, 放水, 落
|
Zhao'an
|
落屎
|
Taipei
|
疶屎, 落屎
|
New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
疶屎, 落屎
|
Kaohsiung
|
疶屎, 落屎, 歹腹肚
|
Yilan
|
疶屎, 落屎, 攪絞
|
Changhua (Lukang)
|
滾絞疼, 落屎
|
Taichung
|
落屎, 歹腹肚
|
Taichung (Wuqi)
|
落屎
|
Tainan
|
疶屎, 落屎, 攪絞
|
Taitung
|
落屎
|
Hsinchu
|
落屎
|
Kinmen
|
落屎
|
Penghu (Magong)
|
落屎
|
Penang (Hokkien)
|
落屎
|
Singapore (Hokkien)
|
落屎
|
Manila (Hokkien)
|
落屎, 落
|
Zhangping (Yongfu)
|
落瀉, 瀉屎, 疶屎
|
Datian
|
放落屎
|
Shunchang (Pushang)
|
疶屎
|
Chaozhou
|
落屎, 瀉肚
|
Shantou
|
落屎
|
Shantou (Chenghai)
|
落屎
|
Nan'ao (Houzhai)
|
落屎
|
Nan'ao (Yun'ao)
|
落屎
|
Jieyang
|
落屎, 落漖屎
|
Haifeng
|
瀉屎
|
Bangkok (Teochew)
|
落屎, 瀉肚
|
Chiang Mai (Teochew)
|
落屎, 瀉肚
|
Hat Yai (Teochew)
|
落屎, 走肚
|
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
落屎
|
Leizhou
|
過肚, 肚㾀, 放屎水, 放肚, 放浮屎
|
Wenchang
|
瀉屎
|
Haikou
|
瀉屎, 放漖屎, 放肚
|
Puxian Min
|
Putian
|
拉
|
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)
|
落屎, 拉
|
Xianyou
|
拉
|
Fuding (Aoyao)
|
落屎
|
Central Min
|
Yong'an
|
打瀉
|
Sanming (Sanyuan)
|
打瀉
|
Sanming (Shaxian)
|
打瀉
|
Shaojiang Min
|
Shaowu
|
瀉腹
|
Guangze
|
作泄
|
Jiangle
|
打瀉腹
|
Mingxi
|
打瀉, 瀉腹
|
Shunchang
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拉瀉腹
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Zhongshan Min
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Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
|
拉
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Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
屙瀉, 屙肚
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Nanning (Shajing)
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屙肚
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Binyang (Xinqiao)
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發瀉
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Northern Pinghua
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Guilin (Dahe)
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瀉肚
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Guilin (Chaoyang)
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瀉肚
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Guilin (Zhuyuan)
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瀉肚
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Wu
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Shanghai
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肚皮惹, 肚裡惹
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Shanghai (Songjiang)
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肚皮惹
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Shanghai (Jiading)
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肚皮惹, 肚裡惹
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Shanghai (Chongming)
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肚裡射
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Suzhou
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肚皮惹, 肚皮拆, 水瀉, 惹
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Wuxi
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肚皮惹, 謳薄, 肚皮屙
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Danyang
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拉肚皮, 屙肚皮
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Hangzhou
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惹肚皮, 肚皮惹, 痢疾
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Ningbo
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肚皮查, 查肚皮
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Wenzhou
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瀉肚, 坑鬆
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Jinhua
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肚痢, 肚射
|
Xiang
|
Changsha
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屙肚子, 瀉肚子, 肚子瀉, 打猋槍
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Xiangtan
|
瀉肚子
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Loudi
|
瀉肚, 肚子泄
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Shuangfeng
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屙肚子, 瀉肚子, 瀉肚
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Quanzhou
|
瀉肚
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Guanyang (Wenshi)
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拉肚
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Xiangnan Tuhua
|
Jiangyong
|
瀉腹, 腹瀉
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Note
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TCM - traditional Chinese medicine
|
- (to leak): 洩/泄 (xiè)
- (to coax out of somebody): 套 (tào); (Hokkien) 擢 (tioh)
- (classifier for events): 樁/桩 (zhuāng)
- (to blow): 颳/刮 (guā)
- 加 (jiā, “to add”)
- 掉 (diào)
- → Ai-Cham: lau⁵
- → Thai: โละ (ló) (via Teochew loh8)
- → Vietnamese: lạc
Note:
- lo̍k - literary;
- lak - vernacular.
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
Character
|
落
|
Reading #
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1/1
|
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
|
luò
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Middle Chinese
|
‹ lak ›
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Old Chinese
|
/*kə.rˁak/
|
English
|
fall (v.)
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
Character
|
落
|
Reading #
|
1/1
|
No.
|
3880
|
Phonetic component
|
各
|
Rime group
|
鐸
|
Rime subdivision
|
0
|
Corresponding MC rime
|
落
|
Old Chinese
|
/*ɡ·raːɡ/
|
落
- (colloquial) to leave out; to be missing; to omit
- (colloquial) to leave behind; to forget to bring
我把鑰匙落家裡了。 [MSC, trad.]
我把钥匙落家里了。 [MSC, simp.]- Wǒ bǎ yàoshi là jiālǐ le. [Pinyin]
- I left my key(s) at home.
佢又試賴低個女自己一個喺屋企。 [Cantonese, trad.]
佢又试赖低个女自己一个喺屋企。 [Cantonese, simp.]- keoi5 jau6 si3 laai6 dai1 go3 neoi5-2 zi6 gei2 jat1 go3 hai2 uk1 kei2. [Jyutping]
- He has once again left his daughter behind at home alone by herself.
- (colloquial) to fall behind; to lag behind
落
(Third grade kyōiku kanji)
- to fall
- to leave behind
- to drop
- to come down
- 落語 (rakugo, “Japanese comic storytelling”)
- 落伍 (rakugo, “outcast, derelict”)
- 落城 (rakujō, “castle falldown by attacking”)
- 落石 (rakuseki, “fallen stones”)
- 落雪 (rakusetsu, “snow falling (to the ground from a roof or a cliff)”)
- 落胆 (rakutan)
- 落下 (rakka, “falling”)
- 落葉 (rakuyō, “leaves falling (mostly in Autumn)”)
- 落雷 (rakurai)
- 陥落 (kanraku)
- 洒落 (share, “joke”)
- 村落 (sonraku, “village, hamlet”)
- 脱落 (datsuraku)
- 堕落 (daraku)
- 段落 (danraku, “paragraph”)
- 低落 (teiraku)
- 部落 (buraku, “hamlet”)
From Middle Chinese 落 (MC lak). Recorded as Middle Korean 락〮 (lák) (Yale: lak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Wikisource
落 (eumhun 떨어질 락 (tteoreojil rak), word-initial (South Korea) 떨어질 낙 (tteoreojil nak))
- hanja form? of 락/낙 (“fall”)
Compounds
- 급락 (急落, geumnak)
- 나락 (奈落, narak)
- 낙담 (落膽, nakdam)
- 낙뢰 (落雷, nangnoe)
- 낙마 (落馬, nangma)
- 낙서 (落書, nakseo)
- 낙선 (落選, nakseon)
- 낙엽 (落葉, nagyeop)
- 낙오 (落伍, nago)
- 낙제 (落第, nakje)
- 낙찰 (落札, nakchal)
- 낙태 (落胎, naktae)
- 낙하 (落下, nakha)
- 낙후 (落後, nakhu)
- 누락 (漏落, nurak)
- 몰락 (沒落, mollak)
- 부락 (部落, burak)
- 쇠락 (衰落, soerak)
- 영락 (零落, yeongnak)
- 추락 (墜落, churak)
- 타락 (墮落, tarak)
- 탈락 (脫落, tallak)
- 폭락 (暴落, pongnak)
- 하락 (下落, harak)
- 함락 (陷落, hamnak)
- 촌락 (村落, chollak, “hamlet; village”)
- 일단락 (一段落, ildallak)
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
落 (transliteration needed)
- Nôm form of lảc.
- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][2] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
落: Hán Nôm readings: lạc, lác, lát, nhác, rác, rạc, xạc
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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