Cancer Education

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting men globally, constituting the
sixth leading cause of cancer related death in males, and the eleventh leading cause of death from cancer in all
age groups. In Jordan, prostate cancer is the third most common cancer in the male population, accounting for
one third (6.2%) of cancer related deaths and in 2010 alone, 218 (9.4%) new cases were identified. Objective: To
assess the effectiveness of different health education interventions aimed at enhancing knowledge, beliefs and
intention to screen for prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: A literature search from January 2000 to April 2015
was conducted using the key words “prostate disease,” “educational program,” “knowledge,” “prostate cancer,”
“demographic factors and prostate cancer,” “knowledge and prostate cancer,” “education for patients with
prostate cancer,” “factors that affect intention to screen,” “knowledge, beliefs, and intention to screen for prostate
cancer,” “impact of prostate educational program on beliefs,” and “impact of educational program on intention to
screen.” Results: Majority of studies reviewed indicated that men had low levels of knowledge regarding prostate
cancer, and mild to moderate beliefs with good intention to screen for prostate cancer. Conclusions: Most studies
indicated that men’s knowledge levels about prostate cancer were poor and they had mild to moderate beliefs
and intentions to screen for prostate cancer. Therefore, development of an assessment strategy based on the
Health Belief Model seems essential. An effectively designed and implemented educational program can help
identify the needs and priorities of the target population.

Page 1. REFLECTIONS What a Difference One Person Can Make: A Tribute to Mary P. Lovato Linda Burhansstipanov & Joseph O'Donnell & Roberta Paisano & Linda U. Krebs & Judith Salmon Kaur & Teresa A. Garrett Hill & Mary P. Lovato © Springer 2011 ...

Pacific Islander (PI) populations of Southern California experience high obesity and low physical activity levels. Given PI's rich cultural ties, efforts to increase physical activity using a community-tailored strategy may motivate members in a more sustainable manner. In this paper, we (1) detail the program adaptation methodology that was utilized to develop the Weaving an Islander Network for Cancer Awareness, Research and Training (WINCART) Center's PI Let's Move Program, a culturally tailored program aimed to increase physical activity levels among members of PI organizations in Southern California, and (2) share the program's pilot evaluation results on individual and organizational changes. The WINCART Center applied the National Cancer Institute's program adaptation guidelines to tailor the evidence-based Instant Recess program to fit the needs of PIs. The end product, the PI Let's Move Program, was piloted in 2012 with eight PI organizations, reaching 106 PI adults. At baseline, 52 % of participants reported that they were not physically active, with the average number of days engaged in medium-intensity physical activity at 2.09 days/week. After the 2-month program, participants increased the number of days that they engaged in medium-intensity physical activity from 2.09 to 2.90 days/week. Post-pilot results found that 82 % of participants reported intentions to engage in physical activity for at least the next 6 months. At baseline, only one organization was currently implementing a physical activity program, and none had implemented an evidence-based physical activity program tailored for PIs. After the 2-month timeframe, despite varying levels of capacity, all eight organizations were able to successfully implement the program. In conclusion, results from our program provide evidence that disparity populations, such as PIs, can be successfully reached through programs that are culturally tailored to both individuals and their community organizations.

Preparing healthy community members with timely communications prior to engaging them in a request to donate biospecimens promises to improve the experience of biobanking participation. To this end, a qualitative study was conducted to assess community member knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and informational needs about cancer-related biospecimen collection in a large metropolitan area in southwest Florida. The study utilized purposive sampling techniques to recruit a total of 95 participants to participate in 12 focus groups, segmented by race/ethnicity and language preference (mixed race, African American only, and Spanish speaking) and age (18–29, 30–54, and 55 and older). Focus group interviews were analyzed using content analysis to identify emergent themes. Overall, participants in the 30 years and older groups were favorable toward participating in biobanking if their concerns were addressed, such as confidentiality and consent issues, in contrast to participants aged 18–29 who were more skeptical. For all participants, the desire to participate in research that seeks new cancer treatments outweighed mistrust. Moreover, many cited the potential scientific benefit for future generations as a primary motivator. Finally, in some groups a therapeutic misconception was expressed, where participants expressed a willingness to forego confidentiality of their health status in exchange for therapeutic benefit. This study contributes to the literature on community perceptions of the benefits and barriers of biobanking and adds to the development of meaningful education communication priming tools to advance understandings about biobanking.