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This study proposes a heterogeneous hardware-based framework for network intrusion detection using lightweight artificial neural network models. With the increase in the volume of exchanged data, IoT networks’ security has become a... more
This study proposes a heterogeneous hardware-based framework for network intrusion detection using lightweight artificial neural network models. With the increase in the volume of exchanged data, IoT networks’ security has become a crucial issue. Anomaly-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) using machine learning have recently gained increased popularity due to their generation’s ability to detect unseen attacks. However, the deployment of anomaly-based AI-assisted IDS for IoT devices is computationally expensive. A high-performance and ultra-low power consumption anomaly-based IDS framework is proposed and evaluated in this paper. The framework has achieved the highest accuracy of 98.57% and 99.66% on the UNSW-NB15 and IoT-23 datasets, respectively. The inference engine on the MAX78000EVKIT AI-microcontroller is 11.3 times faster than the Intel Core i7-9750H 2.6 GHz and 21.3 times faster than NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 graphics cards, when the power drawn was 18mW. In addition, the...
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The radio architectures of and protocols used by wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are, typically, very similar and are based on IEEE 802.15.4. By concentrating on this standard and the associated employed security techniques, the... more
The radio architectures of and protocols used by wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are, typically, very similar and are based on IEEE 802.15.4. By concentrating on this standard and the associated employed security techniques, the possibility of designing a transferable safety and privacy enhancement across protocols and services, becomes a reality. WSN applications have expanded significantly over the past decade or so and adopt commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) devices and publicly available standards, which inherently creates intruder incentives and security challenges. Securing WSNs is a critical requirement due to the challenging burden of protecting the transmitted sensitive information across various applications, while operating under unique security vulnerabilities and a fluctuating radio frequency (RF) spectrum and physical environment. Couple this aspect with establishing a level of trust among network nodes, while providing resilience to interference, it becomes clear that m...
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Classifying fluctuating operating wireless environments can be crucial for successfully delivering authentic and confidential packets and for identifying legitimate signals. This study utilizes raw in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q)... more
Classifying fluctuating operating wireless environments can be crucial for successfully delivering authentic and confidential packets and for identifying legitimate signals. This study utilizes raw in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) samples, exclusively, to develop a low-order statistical feature set for wireless signal classification. Edge devices making decentralized decisions from I/Q sample analysis is beneficial. Implementing appropriate security and transmitting mechanisms, reducing retransmissions and increasing energy efficiency are examples. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and their Internet of Things (IoT) utilization emphasize the significance of this time series classification problem. Here, I/Q samples of typical WSN and industrial, scientific and medical band transmissions are collected in a live operating environment. Analog Pluto software-defined radios and Raspberry Pi devices are utilized to achieve a low-cost yet high-performance testbed. Features are extracted...
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Research Interests: Mathematics, Information Theory, Signal Processing, Telecommunications, Global Navigation Satellite Systems, and 13 moreDigital Signal Processing, Satellite Communications, Software Defined Radio, Signal Analysis, Quantization, Distortion, Satellite Navigation, Spread Spectrum Communication, Filtering, Front end, Nonlinear Distortion, Awgn, and Additive White Gaussian Noise
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A new approximation for the distribution of the probability ratio in a sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) using noncoherent integration across a full code period is presented. The new approximation is valid for the carrier-to-noise... more
A new approximation for the distribution of the probability ratio in a sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) using noncoherent integration across a full code period is presented. The new approximation is valid for the carrier-to-noise power ratios (C/N0) typically encountered in GPS acquisition (20 dB-Hz ≤ C/N0 ≤ 50 dB-Hz), and it allows accurate theoretical performance analysis of the SPRT to be carried out for signals in this C/N0 range, eliminating the need for lengthy simulations for each scenario under investigation. Thus, the SPRT performance can be readily compared to that of other acquisition strategies for receiver design. Previous approximations in the literature are not valid in the range 20 dB-Hz ≤ C/N0 ≤ 50 dB-Hz.
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Research Interests: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Computer Science, Information Theory, Signal Processing, and 15 moreTelecommunications, Global Navigation Satellite Systems, Digital Signal Processing, Satellite Communications, Software Defined Radio, Global Positioning System, Geomatic Engineering, Oscillations, Oscillators, Wiener filter, Phase Noise, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, Phase Locked Loops, Thermal Noise, and Phase Lock Loop(Telecommunications, Global Navigation Satellite Systems, Digital Signal Processing, Satellite Communications, Software Defined Radio, Global Positioning System, Geomatic Engineering, Oscillations, Oscillators, Wiener filter, Phase Noise, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, Phase Locked Loops, Thermal Noise, and Phase Lock Loop)
(Telecommunications, Global Navigation Satellite Systems, Digital Signal Processing, Satellite Communications, Software Defined Radio, Global Positioning System, Geomatic Engineering, Oscillations, Oscillators, Wiener filter, Phase Noise, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, Phase Locked Loops, Thermal Noise, and Phase Lock Loop)
Research Interests: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Computer Science, Information Theory, Signal Processing, and 15 moreTelecommunications, Global Navigation Satellite Systems, Digital Signal Processing, Satellite Communications, Software Defined Radio, IEEE, Geomatic Engineering, First-Order Logic, Steady state, Satellite Navigation, Second Order, First Order Logic, Signal to Noise Ratio, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, and Thermal Noise(Telecommunications, Global Navigation Satellite Systems, Digital Signal Processing, Satellite Communications, Software Defined Radio, IEEE, Geomatic Engineering, First-Order Logic, Steady state, Satellite Navigation, Second Order, First Order Logic, Signal to Noise Ratio, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, and Thermal Noise)
(Telecommunications, Global Navigation Satellite Systems, Digital Signal Processing, Satellite Communications, Software Defined Radio, IEEE, Geomatic Engineering, First-Order Logic, Steady state, Satellite Navigation, Second Order, First Order Logic, Signal to Noise Ratio, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, and Thermal Noise)
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Abstract—A novel evaluation of filtering and quantisation losses for weak DS-CDMA receivers is presented. Using this method, joint optimisation of filter center frequency and bandwidth is conducted for one-, two- and three-bit quantisers.... more
Abstract—A novel evaluation of filtering and quantisation losses for weak DS-CDMA receivers is presented. Using this method, joint optimisation of filter center frequency and bandwidth is conducted for one-, two- and three-bit quantisers. It is demonstrated that a joint loss-analysis of these effects is necessary to optimise front-end design.
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ABSTRACT A simple and novel asymptotic bound for the maximum error resulting from the use of the central limit theorem to approximate the distribution of chi square and noncentral chi square random variables is derived. The bound enables... more
ABSTRACT A simple and novel asymptotic bound for the maximum error resulting from the use of the central limit theorem to approximate the distribution of chi square and noncentral chi square random variables is derived. The bound enables the quick calculation of the number of degrees of freedom required to ensure a given approximation error, and is significantly tighter than bounds derived using the Berry-Esseen theorem. An application to widely-used approximations for the decision probabilities of energy detectors is also provided.
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Both thermal and oscillator phase noise pose significant difficulties for PLLs in consumer grade GNSS receivers employing low quality oscillators. Unfortunately, these phenomena impose conflicting constraints on the PLL design and so a... more
Both thermal and oscillator phase noise pose significant difficulties for PLLs in consumer grade GNSS receivers employing low quality oscillators. Unfortunately, these phenomena impose conflicting constraints on the PLL design and so a trade-off between noise rejection and tracking error must be made. This paper develops design rules for optimal, Wiener filter based PLLs conditioned on the influence of the oscillator and of thermal noise on consumer-grade receivers. The performance of these PLLs is examined through both simulation and the use of actual GPS signals.
Research Interests: Aerospace Engineering, Information Theory, Signal Processing, Telecommunications, Global Navigation Satellite Systems, and 13 moreDigital Signal Processing, Satellite Communications, Software Defined Radio, Global Positioning System, Geomatic Engineering, Oscillations, Oscillators, Wiener filter, Phase Noise, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, Phase Locked Loops, Thermal Noise, and Phase Lock Loop
\boldmath We develop a method for calculating the probability of symbol error, via a multivariate Gram-Charlier series, for arbitrary coherent modulation schemes with statistically independent source symbols and subject to intersymbol... more
\boldmath We develop a method for calculating the probability of symbol error, via a multivariate Gram-Charlier series, for arbitrary coherent modulation schemes with statistically independent source symbols and subject to intersymbol interference (ISI) and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The resulting error probability approximations have closed-form solutions and yield very accurate results with very little computational expense.