We sequenced the genomes of a∼ 7,000-year-old farmer from Germany and eight∼ 8,000-
year-old hunter-gatherers from Luxembourg and Sweden. We analysed these and other …

Modern humans appeared in Europe by at least 45,000 years ago 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, but the extent
of their interactions with Neanderthals, who disappeared by about 40,000 years ago 6, and …

Modern humans arrived in Europe~ 45,000 years ago, but little is known about their genetic
composition before the start of farming~ 8,500 years ago. Here we analyse genome-wide …

For thousands of years the Eurasian steppes have been a centre of human migrations and
cultural change. Here we sequence the genomes of 137 ancient humans (about 1× average …

We report genome-wide ancient DNA from 44 ancient Near Easterners ranging in time
between~ 12,000 and 1,400 bc, from Natufian hunter–gatherers to Bronze Age farmers. We …

Although it has previously been shown that Neanderthals contributed DNA to modern
humans,, not much is known about the genetic diversity of Neanderthals or the relationship …

The origins of the First Americans remain contentious. Although Native Americans seem to
be genetically most closely related to east Asians,,, there is no consensus with regard to …

We generated genome-wide data from 69 Europeans who lived between 8,000–3,000 years
ago by enriching ancient DNA libraries for a target set of almost 400,000 polymorphisms …

Neanderthals are thought to have disappeared in Europe approximately 39,000–41,000
years ago but they have contributed 1–3% of the DNA of present-day people in Eurasia …

We present the high-quality genome sequence of a∼ 45,000-year-old modern human male
from Siberia. This individual derives from a population that lived before—or simultaneously …