World Mining Magazine by World Mining Magazine

Magazine

Issue 41 2021

World Mining

the editor

MINExpo is back!

Editor

The

Martin Ashcroft

es, it’s true. MINExpo INTERNATIONAL, the world’s foremost showcase of mining equipment, services and technologies, is being held at the Las Vegas Convention Center from 13-15 September 2021. How wonderful to be able to attend a mining event in person at last. Talk to people face to face (mask to mask). See the machinery up close. You might even be allowed to touch it with sanitized hands, but I’m not sure about that. So, it may not quite be back to normal, and it may not be as ‘international’ as usual because of travel restrictions. Having said that, a virtual experience is available for anyone who can’t get there in person. Imagine being at the exhibition and finding your company featured on the front cover of a mining magazine with a major article inside. That’s what attendees from MAXAM Tire will experience at this year’s show, while they proudly display their largest mining tire, the recently introduced 63-inch MS453, the company’s first-ever 63-inch tire. Regular readers of World Mining magazine will be familiar with some of the companies who advertise with us every month. Many of these will be there at the show. Are you planning a drilling campaign? You could visit the booth of Major Drilling, one of the world’s largest drilling services

companies, with operations all over the world. Digitalisation, electrification and automation are among the major attractions this year. Interested attendees will naturally be drawn to ABB. Such is its scope and reputation, that ABB appears regularly in our news section with the latest bespoke solution it has commissioned. With 21 divisions organised into four business areas (electrification, process automation, robotics & discrete automation, and motion) ABB drives innovation every day. Major equipment manufacturers will be there, too, of course, including Weir Minerals, whose Enduron® High Pressure Grinding Rolls were the subject of a cover feature in this magazine not too long ago. Ultra Tech is a world leader in the design and manufacture of abrasion resistant piping systems. They are among our most loyal advertisers, and they will also be at MINExpo INTERNATIONAL 2021. And let’s not forget moisture management specialist MoistTech, or Hydraulex, who maintain remanufactured, aftermarket and OEM hydraulic units and components. There will be an exclusive club of World Mining contributors at MINExpo INTERNATIONAL 2021. We thank you all for supporting our magazine, and trust that our readers, in turn, will support you. World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

Contents Cover story maxam tire: driving business forward Page 8 Page: 5 • 8 • 42 • 54 • 76 • 88 • 107 • • 109 • 113 • • 117 • 123 • • 125 • 127 •

The Editor: MINExpo is back! MAXAM Tire: Driving business forward Freeport McMoRan: Foremost in Copper Coronet Metals US: A revolution in mineral processing Newmont Corporation: First among equals BHP: Performance & development Kingsrose Mining chooses financial software from Infor SunSystems Falcon commences work at Gaspard Gold Project Pueblo Viejo in agreement on independent tailings study Otso Gold to restart production in Finland Silver One commences drilling at Cherokee Project in Nevada Fortescue’s autonomous haul fleet surpasses two billion tonne milestone SGS constructing new, state-of-the-art laboratory near Rotterdam First gold pour at Segilola Gold Mine for Thor Explorations Mako Mining declares commercial production effective 1 July 2021 FLSmidth to acquire thyssenkrupp’s mining business

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Page

ADVERTISERS

2 MAXAM Tire 4 One Eye Industries 45 ASSA ABLOY 46 Royal Eijkelkamp 48 Midroc Remote Mining 51 THE NMT GROUP 53 TECNIPAK 77 ULTRATECH 80 KCA (Kappes, Cassiday & Associates) 81 THEJO 85 Major Drilling 91 Midroc 93 Graham 102 Major Drilling 103 Truflo Pumps 104 Vigil Anti-Slip 105 Goodyear off-the-road 106 Tamrotor (Ingersoll Rand) 108 Canary Systems 110 VEI Group 111 THEJO 112 drytech 115 Gallagher & Kennedy 116 Vulkan Drive Tech 118 RST Instruments 119 Measurand 120 Hamilton Equipment Company (HEC) 121 Aegion 121 NFP

news: Page 107

121 Pivotal Solutions 122 MoistTech Corp 124 Hydraulex 126 Yale Cordage 128 GDD 129 Marland Clutch 130 Pumps 2000 131 World Mining Directory 133 Resemin Asia 134 Derrick 135 Driver Industrial 136 Weir Minerals

newmont corporation: first among equals Page 76

World Mining Magazine Contacts, Advertising Rates & Information News & Features Editor

Martin Ashcroft martin@ogsmag.com martin@worldminingmagazine.com

Editor

Vanessa Ward editor@ogsmag.com vanessa@worldminingmagazine.com

Sales

sales@ogsmag.com sales@worldminingmagazine.com

Design and Artwork

artwork@ogsmag.com artwork@worldminingmagazine.com

Managing Director Simon Ward

Advertising Rates

Double Page £6000.00 Full Page £4895.00 Half Page £2450.00 Quarter Page £1450.00 Full Page (inside cover) £6000.00 Lead Article + Front Cover £19,995.00 All advertisement rates include design free of charge. The magazine is printed in A4 format on 250gsm gloss laminated cover and 170gsm matt internal pages. The magazine is both a printed hard copy magazine and distributed electronically. Currently our global readership is approximately 93,000.

World Mining Magazine 2021 World Mining Magazine is published by Worldwide Business Media Limited, London, EC1V 2NX United Kingdom. Registered No. 6809417 England/ Wales. VAT No. 972 7492 76. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or any part without written permission is strictly prohibited. Liability: while every care has been taken in the preperation of this magazine, the publishers cannot be held responsible for the accuracy of the information herein, or any consequence arising from it. All paper used in this production comes from well managed sources.

Worldwide Business Media Limited, London. EC1V 2NX United Kingdom. www.ogsmag.com Tel: +44(0)203 5751249

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DRIVING BUSINESS FORWARD MAXAM MINING GROUP IS DRIVING BUSINESS FORWARD DIFFERENTLY

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Visit MAXAMTIRE.COM

AXAM Tire believes in being your business solutions provider and ensuring that the highest level of quality customer experience is met. This is our organization’s main purpose and core value; it is what differentiates MAXAM Tire from our competitors, making us not just a tire manufacturer, but a true business partner. A division of Sailun Group, MAXAM Tire designs, manufactures, and distributes off-the-road specialty tire products globally. As a major specialty tire manufacturer and distributor, MAXAM has a strong reputation for market-leading performance, reliability, and delivered value. To ensure superior product quality, the organization’s foundation is centered around innovative engineering and has the most advanced manufacturing platforms and technology in the industry. As a rapidly growing global organization, MAXAM invests heavily in our people, advanced engineering processes, and manufacturing capabilities, ensuring exceptional business solutions are delivered to customers worldwide. MAXAM MINING GROUP (MMG), a dedicated and knowledgeable global

group under MAXAM Tire, specifically focuses on the mining segment. The MMG’s core value is to provide support on all MAXAM products through partnerships with high-level dealers. Our goal is to ensure the best product performance and the highest level of overall customer satisfaction while reducing the end-user’s operating costs. Since its establishment, the MMG team has achieved great success in serving regional market demands. With each member an industry-leading expert dedicated to providing the best customer experience, the team has been making continuous improvements with focused market solutions. Advanced engineering, extensive testing, research, and state-of-the-art manufacturing differentiates the MAXAM MINING GROUP from our competitors.

“Advanced engineering, extensive testing, research, and state-of-the-art manufacturing differentiates the MAXAM MINING GROUP from our competitors.” World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

MAXAM Tire’s History

ailun Group, the parent group of MAXAM Tire, was the first “A” listed private tire company on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and is located at the hub for the National Rubber and Tire Engineering Technology Research Center. Founded back in 1990, Sailun Group was established to develop the intellectual capital to build tires for global market demand and to build machinery facilities for the largest manufacturers in the world. Centering its mission in being a leading provider of global value solutions with unsurpassed products in the value segment and the best customer service in the tire industry, Sailun Group set a substantial precedent for MAXAM Tire on forming its mission of being a global business solutions provider.

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Sailun prides itself in having a vertical integration in every aspect and has achieved rapid growth in the past two decades, from raw materials, factory development, R&D, tire building machinery to global customer support. Each aspect within the vertical integration is meticulously controlled and collaboratively synced to work harmoniously in delivering the best customer solutions and experience. As of 2021, Sailun is currently the 17th largest global tire company, sold in over 167 countries worldwide. Being a global major manufacturer, Sailun boasts a full range of products in the passenger tire, truck tire, and off-theroad tire industries with 19 categories in total. In the past decade, the Sailun Group has increased its investment by expanding radial off-the-road (OTR) products, building patented

manufacturing processes, and utilizing automated equipment, along with investing heavily in the MAXAM team. Most recently, the Sailun Group has invested over 400 million in furthering MAXAM’s manufacturing in Asia to meet the increasing demand and elevating product performance and quality. Today, MAXAM Tire has become a top-tier manufacturer under Sailun Group’s pioneering vision, leadership, and investments.

“As of 2021, Sailun is currently the 17th largest global tire company, sold in over 167 countries worldwide.”

Being the Forefront of Technology

AXAM Tire insists on having technologically advanced R&D as the main driving force behind the company’s development. Guided by its parent group’s technological advancements, MAXAM Tire has positioned itself at the forefront of tire technology, striving to advance its technologically driven enterprise. MAXAM Tire’s R&D center concentrates in the many attributes that affect product performance: raw materials, compounding, synthetic rubber with equipment and building capabilities that match tier-one global manufacturers, MAXAM Tire boasts multiple wellestablished R&D centers globally: China (R&D Center HQ), Vietnam, Europe, and North America. Each dedicated R&D center provides an in-depth understanding of the local user’s specific demands and utilizes cutting-edge technology and innovation to form an integrated global R&D system. In addition, MAXAM Tire’s individual R&D centers cover market research, product planning, formula development,

DRIVING BUSINESS FORWARD “...MAXAM pushes for advancement by taking technology quantum leaps, designing tire building equipment and machinery that streamlines manufacturing with automation.” and process development systems. From structural design to product verification testing, each R&D center uses both independent research and cutting-edge development capabilities. Under Sailun’s groundbreaking vision, all MAXAM’s engineering and R&D teams are fully integrated with the factory’s quality assurance and product development operations to optimize quality and performance. Centering around intelligent and advanced manufacturing, MAXAM Tire

standardizes its quality management’s strict and strategic processes with advanced equipment and full transparency on quality, including procurement reports and digital production management. In addition to a strict process on quality management, MAXAM schedules routine internal quality audits and certification management to meet global compliances and protocols. MAXAM believes in continuous product testing to create new quality products, development, and techniques. As specialty equipment manufacturers continue to evolve, MAXAM pushes for advancement by taking technology quantum leaps, designing tire building equipment and machinery that streamlines manufacturing with automation. It is this philosophy that allows us to continue growing and accelerating our position as a global market player and business solutions provider.

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What about MAXAM in the OTR segment?

DRIVING BUSINESS FORWARD

ith years of proven performance, MAXAM Tire has built a strong reputation in the off-the-road and specialty tire market through leading-edge quality, reliability, and exceptional value. Our team’s commitment to product quality, dependability, and value has been acknowledged by some of the top original equipment manufacturers including CATERPILLAR®, as well as China’s heavy machinery manufacturers such as XCMG Group, SANY Heavy Industry, and the Beizhong Group. Specifically, MAXAM has multiple OTR products that have been homologated by CATERPILLAR® on medium wheel loaders and are recognized as one of the best-performing tires for their equipment. One of the key accomplishments in this homologation is MAXAM’s 875/65R29 MS405, validated and approved for CAT® 982M Medium Wheel Loaders. Featuring a deep E4/ L4 lug pattern that combines excellent grip, stability, and performance, the MS405 provides users a solution that meets all harsh demands. Developed with a cut-resistant tread compound and robust under tread, the puncture resistant MS405 allows superior productivity and minimal downtime. Thoughtfully designed to minimize vibration at higher cycle speeds, the MS405 provides loaders, graders, and earthmovers the lowest cost-per-hour. In addition, MAXAM’s MS302 is also approved as a factory fitment option on CAT® 950GC, 950L, 950M, 962L, and 962M in certain regions. The MAXAM MS302 features a rugged

E3/L3+ heavy-duty design for maximum traction and high heat resistance on loaders, graders, and earthmovers. The MAXAM MS302 aims to minimize vibration at haul speeds and provide the lowest cost-per-hour, while the durable cut and tear resistant rubber compound eliminates the constant threat of downtime due to tire damage. Other global OEM fitment of MAXAM mining and mining supporting tires include 241 mining tires for XCMG, a Chinese multinational state-owned heavy machinery manufacturing company with headquarters in Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. It is ranked fifth largest in the world’s construction machinery industry. MAXAM also provides mining support equipment, a smaller E3 16.00R25 product, the MS306, for the organization. SANY is another large-sized OEM partner MAXAM has secured. Ranked the third largest heavy machinery manufacturer in the world, SANY is reputable in producing reliable applications. MAXAM’s partnership with SANY marks a huge global success in saturating the OE marketplace. With over 60 27.00R49 MS401 tires on SANY’s rigid haul trucks, MAXAM Tire is serving mine sites across Asia, from smooth haul roads to aggressive terrains. The rigorous validation process to achieve global OEM approvals is part of MAXAM’s commitment to continue bringing quality solutions to various specialty tire markets. Furthermore, MAXAM has the support of the Global Dealer Servicing Network with over 1,800 strong and growing, allowing for ease of access to the full product line.

“MAXAM Tire has built a strong reputation in the off-the-road and specialty tire market through leading-edge quality, reliability, and exceptional value.”

Knowledgeable and Innovative Engineering

s mining equipment continues to evolve, our global engineering teams continuously research and develop new products by utilizing leading technology that focuses on performance, safety standards, reliability, and quality. By leveraging extensive research and testing in multiple mine locations around the world, our engineering teams always pay specific attention to tire compounding and casing design that deliver superior performance no matter the region. Our goal is to exceed site requirements and enhance durability and performance.

Understanding the customer’s needs is of paramount importance to MAXAM’s core philosophy of being a leader in advanced technology and constant improvement. One aspect of MAXAM’s advancement is its dedication to engineering robust compounds for specific applications. Superior rubber compounding combined with worldclass manufacturing technology will result in significant performance enhancements to the MAXAM radial product lines. To continue our advancement in the sector, the MAXAM engineering team has a dedicated rubber compound research group. Working directly with the sales team, who provides customers

and product performance feedback, the rubber compound research engineers are constantly developing new ways to increase energy and savings in mixing and polymer structure advancement. The goal of our engineering team is to have better dispersion of the element in the compound, less agglomeration, and a high level of polymer interaction, resulting in the superior performance of each type of compound. Available in standard, heat resistant, cut resistant, and ultra-cut resistant compounds, MAXAM MINING GROUP has radial open pit mining tires fitted at multiple mine sites that deliver maximum TKPH/TMPH and lowest cost-per-hour/km.

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Superior Compounding

onstant innovation and technological advancement are the mechanisms that drive our business and customer’s success. Using leading engineering, industry knowledge, customer feedback, performance feedback, and data, MAXAM’s engineers and R&D teams are always finding new ways to create revolutionary designs and processes to predict performance characteristics before production. As mining and construction machinery continues to advance delivering faster speeds, greater payloads, and technological controls, so too must the tires. The pace of change in mining applications is ever-increasing, presenting new challenges to tire manufacturers. At MAXAM, we take such formidable challenges as a drive to forward our innovation and improvement on product performance with uncompromised value and costper-hour/km. What established MAXAM’s reputation and standards on innovation is its compounding technology and process. Behind the compounding production, MAXAM works closely with EVE Rubber Research Institute (EVERI), a prominent rubber institute that collaborates with the largest research centers in polymer materials. EVERI is committed to the development and recycling of new types of rubber such as functional and green rubber, as well as employing ATCM technology (Advance Technology for Compound Manufacturing). Founded in 2013,

EVERI serves as an important pioneer platform in the development process. EVERI has established several mature research areas including new rubber materials, environmentally friendly and sustainable processing technology, as well as research into new functions for rubber. EVERI owns close to 600 large-scale, sophisticated equipment patents including rubber mixing and processing equipment, vulcanized rubber testing equipment, material analysis and detection testing equipment, etc. More than 120 experts from different fields work in EVERI, covering multiple areas including fundamental research, material research, product development, equipment research, technical service, and analytical testing.

With its pioneering vision, EVERI has obtained dozens of patents in the rubber and tire field. Several of its achievements have now become the industry standard. According to reports from the Spain IDIADA (the EU authoritative testing institution) and USA SMITHERS lab (the U.S. authoritative testing institution), EVERI has reached an internationally advanced level in the field of developing sustainable technology in manufacturing and providing functional rubber materials. EVERI is the first scientific institution satisfying the BB level of the EU tire label. To highlight one of its major achievements, EVERI’s recently entered a joint technology agreement with Versalis, a major producer in the

“MAXAM’s tire compounds pass through rigorous quality control measures.”

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DRIVING BUSINESS FORWARD

Sophistication in Manufacturing

T polymers and elastomers industry, to develop a technology production of advanced elastomer compounds designed for the tire market. By leveraging top-ofthe-class technology and processes, the EVERI and Versalis partnership changed the landscape in the tire industry and further allows MAXAM’s tire production to set the new standard in manufacturing and innovation. With capabilities to elevate product quality and to add value to the supply chain, such technological revolution in the elastomers industry plays a fundamental role in ensuring MAXAM’s leading compounding position in the marketplace. After production, MAXAM’s tire compounds pass through rigorous quality control measures. This control also applies to the testing of raw materials before entering the production process.

o meet the engineering team’s innovation and inspiring vision, MAXAM Tire invests heavily in our state-of-the-art manufacturing. With five fully owned operated factories that have proprietary and patented manufacturing processes and equipment, MAXAM continues to forge advancements in technology across all manufacturing developments. All MAXAM large mining and some radial OTR tires are built in positive crown drums that build the tires in a shape closer to its finished profile, ensuring components are minimally disturbed during the curing process. To further secure accuracy in the manufacturing process, MAXAM also uses electron bead processing to increase molecular cross-linkage for improved component accuracy and stabilization during the manufacturing stage. The process also includes laser contour scanners and automated strip winders for absolute precision and consistency in all MAXAM’s tires. MAXAM’s technical excellence is supplemented using premium

“The quality of the customer’s experience is of paramount importance to MAXAM, and their satisfaction is what drives the company and its success. ”

materials. MAXAM owns its natural rubber processing plant in Asia to fully control the quality of our rubber in addition to working with the top-tier raw material suppliers. Combined with its highly skilled workforce, MAXAM manufactures radial tires that perform well even in the toughest applications and site requirements. “Quality that drives productivity” is one of the fundamental beliefs at MAXAM and this belief is applied on every level, from manufacturing and logistics to planning and distribution. The quality of the customer’s experience is of paramount importance to MAXAM, and their satisfaction is what drives the company and its success. World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

Visit MAXAMTIRE.COM

Raw Materials and Automated Mixing Equipment

s a technological leader and innovator, MAXAM invests heavily in raw materials and mixing equipment as these procedures play a crucial role in product consistency and compound uniformity. To minimize errors and to maximize product consistency, MAXAM has created numerous patented automation and intelligent systems for our mixing process. In one MAXAM factory alone, there is an operation with over fifteen mixers with different volumes (150-430 liters) capable of various mixing speeds. A key mixing process that contributes to our product’s final quality is intelligent mixing, an automatic weighting and production with bar code scanning system, small chemical weighing, and raw rubber cutting system. This advanced automation ensures: • Improved uniformity of final product • Tracing the material by bar code scanning • Lower discharge temperature of the rubber compounds • Increased accuracy and high-speed dosing of each chemical component • Shorter mixing time and higher efficiency Working with the R&D and engineering team, MAXAM manufacturing was also able to advance its raw material process significantly. MAXAM has created several systematic methodologies in perfecting its compounding and overall quality: • Liquid rubber mixing phase (high-tech process of rubber mixing), providing masterbatch produced with continuous liquid phase. Mixing with natural rubber latex and carbon black slurry • High styrene content of SBR rubber for improved cutting resistance • Customized carbon black for improved wear resistance and balanced treat compound heat generation • Tear-resistant resin for improved tear resistance for cut resistant tread compound

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“MAXAM has created numerous patented automation and intelligent systems for our mixing process. In one MAXAM factory alone, there is an operation with over fifteen mixers...”

DRIVING BUSINESS FORWARD

Meticulous and Rigorous Quality and Testing

very MAXAM product goes through comprehensive lab and field testing with seamless procedures that feature strict quality control. All MAXAM’s product specifications, processes, and tolerances are established and controlled by its group in all manufacturing facilities, ensuring product consistency. MAXAM’s quality assurance standards are maintained through technologically advanced equipment and skilled technicians. Utilizing advanced shearography technology, all MAXAM utilizes EBP (Electron Bead Processing) as part of the testing process. MAXAM mining tires go through a rigorous quality EBP is used for increased molecular cross-linkage for improved component inspection process, eliminating the chances of trapped accuracy and stabilization during the manufacturing process). air in the casing, blisters, or undercurring. MAXAM also utilizes EBP (Electron Bead Processing) as part of Every MAXAM mining tire goes through a meticulous process the testing process. EBP is used for increased molecular crossto ensure quality that includes a visual inspection for uniformity linkage for improved component accuracy and stabilization and defects, x-ray for tire integrity validation, shearography for during the manufacturing process. internal construction confirmation, and ultrasonic measurement Another important aspect of quality is physical testing. for construction conformity. At MAXAM, we stand behind every MAXAM ensures its mining product’s top-tier performance product with guaranteed performance as every tire instills the by conducting TKPH/TMPH tests, tread endurance, and bead MAXAM core value of “quality that drives productivity”. endurance tests. During the test, the heat buildup of the tire is measured using advanced technology, Using X-ray technology to examine steel belts, every radial tire must pass strict tolerances ensuring that every product is built to during the production process as part of quality control protocol withstand heat buildup even at the most demanding sites. The tread endurance test then qualifies the integrity of tread pattern and compound. The bead endurance test further inspects the integrity of the casing and bead package. All the components in every tire’s physical test play a key role in ensuring MAXAM’s tier-one product’s optimum performance and quality. Using X-ray technology to examine steel belts, every radial tire must pass strict tolerances during the production process as part of the quality control protocol.

MS402 Example

Every MAXAM tire goes through a rigorous quality check World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

A Team that Goes Above and Beyond for Customers

AXAM prides itself on being a business solutions provider that is committed to providing quality customer experience. With mining as one of the toughest and most demanding industries, a team of experts with leading market knowledge is vital to providing the best customer experience and solution. MAXAM MINING GROUP is a team of dedicated and knowledgeable experts that not only have decades of experience in the field but also the ambition and drive to exceed expectations. MAXAM has appointed talents globally to meet the highest standards of customer experience. Each of the MMG team members has at least fifteen to twenty years of experience in the off-the-road tire industry with a proven record of delivering accelerated business performance and growth to our customers business. Each MMG sales member has years of experience working for top-tier tire manufacturers and dealers with the ability to provide knowledgeable support to our customers in every aspect of the mining business. Under MMG’s Vice President, Matt Johnson, the group has been driving business forward effectively with years of experience and knowledge. As a highly qualified leader in managing a diverse leadership team and supply chain management, Matt believes that having the right people is the key to success. A passionate leader, he focuses on building a group of world-class teams that raise the bar for the industry. “We pride ourselves in delivering solutions with the lowest cost-per-hour/ton while continuing our assistance to customers with other cost-saving recommendations and actions. We believe in fostering long-term, mutually beneficial business relationships with our customers,” says Matt.

“MAXAM MINING GROUP is a team of dedicated and knowledgeable experts that not only have decades of experience in the field but also the ambition and drive to exceed expectations.”

Matt Johnson is the Vice President of MAXAM MINING GROUP (MMG), a subgroup of MAXAM Tire, with responsibility for sales and support strategy implementation for MMG globally. Matt has been with MAXAM Tire since October 2019. Prior to MAXAM Tire, he has held various field and management positions for over two decades of his career in the tire and mining industry. Matt began his career as a tire technician in a retail mining business in 1993 and advanced through multiple sales and management roles with his proven dedication and passion. Under Matt’s management, the group has been driving business forward effectively with years of experience and knowledge. As a highly qualified leader in managing a diverse leadership team and supply chain management, Matt believes that having the right people is the key to success. A passionate leader, he focuses on building a group of world-class teams that raise the bar for the industry.

MAXAM MINING GROUP sets its foundation and philosophy on centering customer’s needs and the requirement of each mine site. Every MAXAM MINING GROUP specialist works with the engineering team by learning each mine site’s requirements and goals first. A strategic plan with specific products and compounds, along with expected performance and hours is then proposed to customers for their consideration. Once a customer accepts MAXAM’s proposal and initial product placements, the company continues to make frequent visits to monitor its products, along with providing any helpful maintenance tips to maximize

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tire life and operation. Every site visit is completed and submitted back to the customer with data review. The process on site review, proposal, and monitoring demonstrates MAXAM’s commitment to our customers along with our ambition to earn their confidence. Many customers see MAXAM as more than a tire supplier, but a trusted partner that delivers guaranteed performance and dedicated support. The MAXAM MINING GROUP shares the same core values of MAXAM Tire, centering around implementing reliable business solutions and providing exceptional customer experience. In continuation

to developing long-term mutual beneficial business relationships with customers, our team is there during the entire journey: from in-depth site evaluations, GPS study reports, performance tracking to maintenance visits. These reports and performance evaluations are then shared with R&D and the engineering team to further improvements on product performance. MAXAM MINING GROUP’s core value in providing the relevant and ideal business solutions is applied to every aspect in our business, from sales, customer service, R&D, engineering, distribution, supply chain to manufacturing. Customer

DRIVING BUSINESS FORWARD experience and feedback is the core that drives the MAXAM MINING GROUP’s advancement in performance and growth. To differentiate ourselves from other suppliers, every MAXAM MINING GROUP member is trained to gather the right information onsite. Followed up by sharing this information with the customer and strategizing an action plan, MMG has proven to be a knowledgeable supplier with “boots on the ground” experts, achieving daily established goals that the sites need. Generally, mines have about 90 to 120 days of inventory on the ground. Our

boots-on-the-ground team pays close attention to such inventory. If the hauls change from a short haul to a long haul, the ton-kilometer-per-hour (TKPH) will most likely increase. Therefore, a higher TKPH rating requires a cooler compound in the tire and/or a cut resistant compound for a lower TKPH rating. Similarly, shorter hauls require a cut resistant compound with a lower TKPH rating. The correlation between TKPH and changes in the hauls is critical when placing the correct tire with the appropriate compound. Running the incorrect compound could lead to

overheating in tires from a longer, faster haul. Similarly, the tires could also chunk out if a softer compound is placed in a harsh underfoot condition. Constantly monitoring customer’s sites and working closely with them are some of the key examples of MAXAM MINING GROUP fostering a long-term partnership.

“The process on site review, proposal, and monitoring demonstrates MAXAM’s commitment to our customers...”

MAXAM MINING GROUP working with customers at a site visit, performing evaluations and performance tracking. World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

TKPH/TMPH

AXAM MINING GROUP follows the criterion below when understanding each site’s specific TKPH/ TMPH requirement: 1 2 3 4 5

Round trip distance Number of cycles per shift Shift duration, including all breaks Average high temperature Grades, uphill or downhill laden loads being hauled

Once this information is collected with the help of a GPS or V-Box, the numbers can be entered into the TKPH spreadsheet or the MAXAM Tire App. The TKPH requirement for both the front and rear axle will be produced to determine the best compound. Every tread pattern will have a different number depending on the design (for example, lug-to-void ratio and depth of the tread will determine an E3, E4, or E4+ pattern for extra tread depth). Today, there are many options available to track tires and analyze hauls to obtain cycle data.

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Understanding the site and its potential development and changes in the future play a vital role in selecting the right compound for the tire and matching the haul cycle requirements. Helping customers succeed is paramount to MAXAM Tire’s core value. To ensure that customers achieve maximum productivity, safety, and tire longevity, MAXAM Tire invests heavily in a proper tire maintenance program and training. In addition to MAXAM’s exclusive “MAXAM University” training, which was developed during

the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 to offer support to all our global dealers and customers, MAXAM has developed many tools and performs constant site visits to ensure a consistent and effective maintenance program. One of the helpful tools we have developed is the Mining Operator Awareness Guide. Each component serves as a checkpoint discussed at the driver’s monthly meetings. Acting on any one of these key indicators can positively impact the life of the tire and increase a site’s overall productivity.

“MAXAM has developed many tools and performs constant site visits to ensure a consistent and effective maintenance program. One of the helpful tools they’ve developed is the Tire Life Indicators Chart. Each component serves a check point discussed at the driver’s monthly meetings”

World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

The latest success – expanding the 63-inch line

he latest open pit mining series tires have been in development for the past seven years and are the result of extensive research and global testing. With a dedicated team to focus on offering full support for the open pit mining product range, MAXAM MINING GROUP offers various tire sizes to fit trucks up to 400 tons. Our 57-inch line has been expanded and MAXAM is currently expanding its 63-inch line. MAXAM’s first-ever 63” tire, the MS453, has been fitted in multiple mine sites globally and are surpassing expectations according to customers feedbacks in Asia and Nevada U.S. Aimed at large haulage trucks, the MS453 features an aggressive, unique tread design with reinforced sidewall to handle the most severe challenges on haul roads. The tire went through development for over a year-and-a-half as MAXAM understands that it plays an integral part in being a player in the mining industry. With only a few manufacturers capable of producing the largest and most aggressive 57 to 63-inch open pit mining tires, MAXAM understands that these tires play an integral part in the mining industry’s operation and future. To meet this challenge and to deliver a solution that meets our vision, MAXAM spent over a year creating a world-class tire building machine that was designed using the latest innovative technologies and capabilities. In addition, these tires undergo an extensive testing period in global mine sites during the validation phase before the final release. Combined with continuous improvement on R&D, state-of-the-art manufacturing, rigorous Q&A, and extensive field testing, MAXAM is confident that our largest open pit mining tires perform on par with other tier-one tires with a more competitive price and value.

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The new MS453 is available in size 53/80R63.

MAXAM offers a variety of compounds and up to four tread patterns (depending on the tire size) to meet specific mining site applications. As an innovative group, MAXAM’s engineers and R&D team are working on an enhanced compounding series to further optimize higher TKPH/TMPH values, improving overall performance with maximum heat resistance, cut resistance, and abrasion resistance.

“With only a few manufacturers capable of producing the largest and most aggressive 57 to 63-inch open pit mining tires, MAXAM understands that these tires play an integral part in the mining industry’s operation and future.”

World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

Mining Support Equipment

s mine sites continue to develop and evolve, numerous factors go into having an inclusive maintenance program in order to achieve optimum daily productivity. Having a team of knowledgeable staff to perform proper daily pre-shift checks is a must in addition to tires that deliver the performance each application requires. As a full-range tire supplier that has achieved significant performance and accomplishments in the off-the-road industry, MAXAM offers quality products for all other mining support equipment, providing a comprehensive program for mine sites globally.

E2/G2/L2

E3/L3

E4/L4

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DRIVING BUSINESS FORWARD L5

skid steer

others

“As a full range tire supplier that has achieved significant performance and accomplishments in the off-the-road industry, MAXAM offers quality products for all other mining support equipment...” World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

MAXAM Performance vs. Competition

o improve upon our products’ performance, MAXAM’s engineering and sales team collaborate on a regular basis on every field visit to better track data. Based on much of the tracking data, MAXAM MINING GROUP’s products generally have provided the lowest cost-per-hour while maintaining exceptional performance on par with tier-one competitors. “Our tires are performing on par with the top tier-one manufacturers, we have seen 9,200 to 9,500 hours versus their 10,000 plus hours. Since our tires cost less than theirs, we are providing a significant increase in value and giving mine sites incredible savings.” Says Matt Johnson, Vice President of MAXAM MINING GROUP. Below are some of the comparative performance data from global mines using MAXAM mining products. Such data is based on wear rate with cost-per-hour/cost-per-km calculation provided.

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DRIVING BUSINESS FORWARD

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DRIVING BUSINESS FORWARD Why Choose MAXAM MINING GROUP?

n today’s competitive market, mining customers are looking for other viable large haulage tire options. With only a few tire manufacturers dominating the global haulage wheel positions, entry for a new player in the industry can be challenging. Upon initiating our mining program with prospects and customers, MAXAM MINING GROUP is focused on building confidence and trust in our partnerships by providing a full-scope analysis of each site’s requirements. With such a detailed-oriented and dedicated team focused on fostering successful business relationships, along with guaranteed performance, and products that deliver the lowest cost-per-hour, many MAXAM customers have turned to MAXAM MINING GROUP as another viable option for haulage and loading tires. MAXAM MINING GROUP is currently working with many mining, aggregate, and construction companies globally. By conducting in-depth site studies to ensure proper compound and product placements, following up with frequent monitoring and data performance, MMG is earning trust from a broad customer base. They have positioned MAXAM as a reliable supplier and advisor that does more than delivering products with guaranteed performance - MAXAM is a true business solutions provider. With a full range of off-the-road and other specialty products, MAXAM MINING GROUP specialists are always finding solutions to maximize customer’s savings on all support equipment. While larger haulage tires remain an expensive investment, the expense and maintenance on the support tires can be far greater than the cost of larger haulage tires. The MAXAM team is trained to look for potential solutions to address any tire

application, from big equipment to forklifts in warehouses. One example was at a mine site that runs ash trailers. They were changing out tires about three times a year per wheel position, making the ash trailers’ tires one of the highest cost-per-hour investments. After analyzing the operation, MAXAM’s proposed solution was to change out the existing tire and rim and replace it with a different size tire and rim. The customer accepted the proposal after the confirmation was made by the trailer manufacturer and that the trailer performance would remain steady. Since this change two years ago, the customer has projected a span of at least three years without removing the trailer tires. This move has dramatically decreased the ash trailer’s cost-per-hour and increased the site’s overall productivity. Providing solutions to customers with quality tires and knowledgeable technical support are just a sample of the key differentiators that make MAXAM Tire a viable choice for the mining industry. MAXAM Tire is a global specialty tire supplier with a full range of products for construction, material handling, agricultural, forestry, and other specialty segments. MAXAM boasts (14) haulage and support equipment

models that have applications across multiple industries, bringing relevant and innovative solutions to customers in all segments. Innovative engineering, extensive testing, research, and stateof-the-art manufacturing differentiates MAXAM from its competitors. At MAXAM, core values are centered around innovation and commitment to providing an exceptional customer experience. As a rapidly growing global organization, MAXAM invests heavily in their people, advanced engineering, and their manufacturing facilities to ensure unique business are delivered to customers worldwide. As the MAXAM MINING GROUP continues to expand globally, our customer’s satisfaction remains the foundation and therefore we continue to improve in all aspects of the business. At MAXAM, it is our culture and people that truly differentiate us from our competitors. Driven by core values that are centered around innovation and commitment to create an exceptional customer experience, MAXAM’s people are committed to exceeding expectations. It is what makes the MAXAM difference – being your business solutions provider.

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Freeport McMoRan Foremost in Copper

A leading international mining company with assets including the Grasberg minerals district in Indonesia, and significant mining operations in North and South America, Freeport McMoRan is proud of its commitment to responsible production, as witnessed by the award of the Copper Mark at three of its sites

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eadquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, Freeport-McMoRan Inc (FCX) is one of the world’s largest publicly traded copper producers. The Freeport connection derives from a company founded in 1912 in the city of Freeport, Texas, to mine sulphur, while the McMoRan element comes from McMoRan Exploration, an independent oil and gas exploration and production company in South Louisiana formed in 1969 by Ken McWilliams (‘Mc’), Jim Bob Moffett (‘Mo’) and Mack Rankin (‘Ran’). After a series of mergers, spin-offs, acquisitions and changes of direction, the company has grown to be a leading international mining company, with a portfolio of assets that includes the Grasberg minerals district in Indonesia, one of the world’s largest copper and gold deposits, and significant mining operations in North and South America, including the large-scale Morenci minerals district in Arizona and the Cerro Verde operation in Peru. It was the discovery of the Grasberg copper and gold deposit in Papua, Indonesia, that led to the creation of Freeport-McMoRan Copper Company in 1988, and subsequently to Freeport McMoRan Inc, which we know today.

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The acquisition of Phelps Dodge in 2007 transformed Freeport McMoRan into a dynamic industry leader, combining the assets and technical teams of two great companies into a unique portfolio of mining assets developed and acquired by several predecessor companies, including Freeport Minerals, Cyprus Minerals, American Metal Company (AMAX), and Climax Molybdenum, among others. In December last year, FreeportMcMoRan announced that the Copper Mark had been awarded to three of its sites: the Cerro Verde mine in Peru, the El Abra mine in Chile and the Atlantic Copper smelter and refinery in Spain. The Copper Mark is a new, comprehensive assurance framework that promotes responsible production practices and demonstrates the industry’s contribution to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

NORTH AMERICAN OPERATIONS

In North America, FCX operates seven open-pit copper mines — Morenci, Bagdad, Safford, Sierrita and Miami in Arizona, and Chino and Tyrone in New Mexico; and two molybdenum mines — Henderson and Climax in Colorado. Molybdenum concentrate,

gold and silver are also produced by some of FCX’s North American copper mines. All are 100 per cent owned, with the exception of Morenci, in which the company has a 72 per cent share.

Morenci

Located in Greenlee County, Arizona, Morenci came to the Freeport McMoRan portfolio with the Phelps Dodge acquisition. An open-pit copper mining complex in continuous operation since 1939, it was previously mined through underground workings. The Morenci mill expansion project expanded mill capacity from 50,000 metric tons of ore per day to approximately 115,000 metric tons of ore per day, which results in incremental annual production of approximately 225 million pounds of copper and an improvement in Morenci’s cost structure. The Morenci mine is a porphyry copper deposit that has oxide, secondary sulphide mineralization, and primary sulphide mineralization. The predominant oxide copper mineral is chrysocolla. Chalcocite is the most important secondary copper sulphide mineral and chalcopyrite the dominant primary copper sulphide. The operation consists of two

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concentrators capable of milling 115,000 metric tons of ore per day (mtd), which produce copper and molybdenum concentrate; a 68,000 mtd, crushedore leach pad and stacking system; a low-grade run-of-mine (ROM) leaching system; four SX (solution extraction) plants; and three EW (electrowinning) tank houses that produce copper cathode. Total EW tank house capacity is approximately 900 million pounds of copper per year. Morenci’s available mining fleet consists of one hundred and twenty-six haul trucks loaded by 13 shovels with bucket sizes ranging from 47 to 57 cubic meters, which are capable of moving an average of 815,000 metric tons of material per day.

Bagdad

Bagdad is an open-pit copper and molybdenum mining complex, home to the world’s first commercial scale concentrate leach processing facility and one of the longest continuously operating solution extraction/ electrowinning (SX/EW) plants in the world. An unincorporated community, Bagdad is one of two FCX ‘company towns’, the other being Morenci. The Bagdad mine is a porphyry copper deposit containing both sulphide and

oxide mineralization. Chalcopyrite and molybdenite are the dominant primary sulphides and are the primary economic minerals in the mine. Chalcocite is the most common secondary copper sulphide mineral and the predominant oxide copper minerals are chrysocolla, malachite and azurite. The Bagdad operation consists of a 75,000 metric ton-per-day concentrator that produces copper and molybdenum concentrate, an SX/EW plant that can produce up to 32 million pounds per year of copper cathode from solution generated by low-grade stockpile leaching, and a pressure-leach plant to process molybdenum concentrate. The first claims were staked as far back as 1882 and property changed ownership many times through the first half of the 20th century. The first mill began operation in 1928 to process ore from the underground mine and the transition to open-pit mining began in 1945. A $240 million expansion in 1973 included new haul trucks, shovels, nearly 400 housing units and a concentrator.

Sierrita

Located 20 miles southwest of Tucson, Arizona, Sierrita is an open-pit copper

and molybdenum mining complex. In addition to copper and molybdenum, the mine produces rhenium, a rare and highly valued metal. The Sierrita mine is another porphyry copper deposit with oxide and secondary sulphide mineralization, and primary sulphide mineralization. The predominant oxide copper minerals are malachite, azurite and chrysocolla. Chalcocite is the most important secondary copper sulphide mineral, and chalcopyrite and molybdenite are the dominant primary sulphides. The Sierrita operation includes a 100,000 metric ton-per-day concentrator that produces copper and molybdenum concentrate, along with copper from an ROM oxide-leaching system. Cathode copper is plated at the Twin Buttes EW facility, which has a design capacity of approximately 50 million pounds of copper per year. It also has molybdenum facilities consisting of a leaching circuit, two molybdenum roasters and a packaging facility. The molybdenum facilities process molybdenum concentrate produced by Sierrita, from Freeport McMoRan’s other mines and from third-party sources. Another mine with a long history, the first claims were recorded in 1895 and Sierrita was first worked as an World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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underground mine in 1907. Open-pit development began in 1957. In 2009, FCX purchased the Twin Buttes copper mine, which had ceased operations in 1994 but is adjacent to the Sierrita mine. The purchase provides significant synergies in the Sierrita minerals district, including the potential for expanded mining activities and access to material that can be used for Sierrita tailings and stockpile reclamation purposes.

Miami

Ninety miles east of Phoenix, in the heart of Arizona’s historic Globe-Miami mining district, lies Miami, comprising an open-pit copper mine, a smelter and a rod mill. Miami is another porphyry copper deposit that has leachable oxide and secondary sulphide mineralization. The predominant oxide copper minerals are chrysocolla, copper-bearing clays, malachite and azurite. Chalcocite and covellite are the most important secondary copper sulphide minerals. Miami is no longer mining ore, but currently produces copper through leaching material already placed on stockpiles, which is expected to continue until 2023. The first prospecting

expeditions visited the area in the 1860s. Copper was mined underground until after World War II, when the first openpit mining began. Miami was among the first to employ ‘vat leaching’ (in 1926) and precipitation plants to recover oxide minerals. It did this in conjunction with its flotation concentrator, which processed sulphide minerals. The plant’s smelter was modernized in 1974 to meet Clean Air Act standards and further modernized and expanded in 1992. The success of an SX/EW plant commissioned in 1979 led to the demise of vat leaching by the mid1980s and ultimately the concentrator in 1986. The Miami smelter processes copper concentrate primarily from FCX’s Arizona copper mines. In addition, because sulphuric acid is a by-product of smelting concentrates, the Miami smelter is also the most significant source of sulphuric acid for FCX’s North America leaching operations. Miami is the only smelter in the United States to achieve International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001:2000 certification. In addition to copper concentrates, the smelter also recycles inorganic metal-bearing waste

typically produced by high technology industries, extending the useful life of valuable metals and reducing disposal of metal-bearing waste in landfills. Copper and other precious metals are extracted during this process.

Safford

The Safford open-pit copper mine in Arizona has been in operation since 2007, with full production beginning in 2008. As a zero-discharge facility, Safford is one of the most environmentally advanced copper mines ever built. The Safford mine includes two copper deposits that have oxide mineralization overlaying primary copper sulphide mineralization. The predominant oxide copper minerals are chrysocolla and copper-bearing iron oxides with the predominant copper sulphide material being chalcopyrite. The property is a mine-for-leach project and produces copper cathode. The operation consists of two open pits feeding a crushing facility with a capacity of 103,000 metric tons per day. The crushed ore is delivered to leach pads by a series of overland and portable conveyors. Leach solutions feed an World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

SX/EW facility with a capacity of 240 million pounds of copper per year. A sulphur burner plant is also in operation at Safford, providing a cost-effective source of sulphuric acid used in SX/EW operations.

Chino

The historic Chino copper mine was among the first low-grade, open-pit copper mines in the world, located in Grant County, New Mexico, 15 miles east of the historic mining community of Silver City. Originally mined by Native Americans and later by the Spanish, the open-pit mine began production in 1910. The original concentrator went into operation in 1911, but was replaced by a new facility in 1982. A smelter was commissioned in 1939 and was modernized in 1985 to increase capacity and achieve compliance with the Clean Air Act. In 2005, the smelter was permanently closed. In April 2020, operations at Chino were suspended to address COVID-19 concerns. A review of options for restarting Chino was completed in the second half of 2020. In January 2021, FCX restarted mining activities at a reduced rate of approximately 100 million pounds of copper per year. The Chino mine is a porphyry copper deposit with adjacent copper skarn deposits. There is leachable oxide, secondary sulphide and millable primary sulphide mineralization. The predominant oxide copper mineral is chrysocolla. Chalcocite is the most important secondary copper sulphide mineral, and chalcopyrite and molybdenite the dominant primary sulphides. The operation consists of a 36,000 metric ton-per-day concentrator that produces copper and molybdenum concentrate, and a 150 million poundper-year SX/EW plant that produces copper cathode from solution generated by ROM leaching.

Tyrone

Situated in Grant County New Mexico, the Tyrone mine has been in operation since 1967. Also a porphyry copper deposit, mineralization is predominantly secondary sulphide consisting of chalcocite with leachable oxide mineralization consisting of chrysocolla. Tyrone’s copper processing facilities consist of a solution extraction/ electrowinning (SX/EW) operation with a maximum capacity of approximately 100 million pounds of copper per year.

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Prior to 1860, Native Americans mined turquoise at the site. Phelps Dodge Corporation acquired mining claims in the area from 1909 to 1916 and began concentrating ore produced from largescale underground mining in 1916. Operations ended in 1921, then in 1967 the property returned to operation as an open pit, with copper production from a concentrator.

Henderson

Approximately 42 miles west of Denver, Colorado, Henderson is an underground molybdenum mining operation. The Henderson mill site is located 15 miles west of the mine. The mine and the mill are connected by the world’s largest conveyor of its kind: a 10-mile conveyor tunnel under the Continental Divide and an additional five-mile surface conveyor. In operation since 1976, the Henderson operation consists of a large block-cave underground mining complex feeding a concentrator with a current capacity of approximately 32,000 metric tons per day. Henderson has the capacity to produce approximately 35 million pounds of molybdenum per year, but in response to market conditions, it has operated at reduced rates since 2015.

Climax

Climax is an open-pit molybdenum mining operation approximately 13 miles northeast of Leadville, Colorado. Freeport McMoRan operates both the Climax and Henderson molybdenum mines in a flexible manner to meet market requirements. The Climax mine is a porphyry molybdenum deposit with molybdenite as the primary sulphide mineral. The Climax mine was commissioned in mid-2012 and includes a 25,000 metric ton-per-day mill facility. Climax has the capacity to produce approximately 30 million pounds of molybdenum per year.

SOUTH AMERICAN OPERATIONS:

FCX’s South American mining operations include open-pit mining, sulphide ore concentrating, leaching and solution extraction/electrowinning. Production from these mines is sold as concentrate or cathode under long-term contracts. The South America mines also ship a portion of their copper concentrate to Atlantic Copper, the company’s wholly owned smelting and refining unit in Spain.

FCX operates two copper mines in South America - Cerro Verde in Peru and El Abra in Chile. In addition to copper, the Cerro Verde mine also produces molybdenum concentrate and silver.

Cerro Verde

Construction activities associated with a large-scale expansion at Cerro Verde were completed in September 2015. The project expanded the concentrator facilities from 120,000 metric tonsper-day (mtd) to 360,000 mtd and provides incremental annual production of approximately 600 million pounds of copper and 15 million pounds of molybdenum. Cerro Verde’s operations benefit from its large-scale, long-lived reserves and cost efficiencies. During 2018, Cerro Verde received a modified environmental permit allowing it to operate its existing concentrator facilities at rates up to 409,500 metric tons of ore per day. The Cerro Verde mine is a porphyry copper deposit that has oxide and secondary sulphide mineralization, and primary sulphide mineralization. The predominant oxide copper minerals are brochanite, chrysocolla, malachite and copper ‘pitch’. Chalcocite and covellite are the most important secondary copper sulphide minerals. Chalcopyrite and molybdenite are the dominant primary sulphides. Leach copper production is derived from a 39,000 metric ton-per-day crushed leach facility and a 100,000 metric ton-per-day ROM leach system. This SX/EW leaching operation has a capacity of approximately 200 million pounds of copper per year. Ownership of Cerro Verde is shared by FCX (53.56%), SMM Cerro Verde Netherlands BV, a subsidiary of Sumitomo Metal Mining Company Ltd (21%), Compañia de Minas Buenaventura SAA (19.58%) and 5.86% by other shareholders.

El Abra

El Abra is located 47 miles north of Calama, in Chile’s El Loa province, Region II. An open pit copper mining complex, mining operations began in 1996. The El Abra operation includes a solution extraction/electrowinning facility with a capacity of 500 million pounds of copper cathode per year, a 125,000 metric ton-per-day crushed leach circuit and a similar-sized run-ofmine leaching operation.

FCX continues to evaluate a largescale expansion at El Abra to process additional sulphide material and to achieve higher recoveries. El Abra’s large sulphide resource could potentially support a major mill project similar to facilities constructed at Cerro Verde. Technical and economic studies continue to be advanced to determine the optimal scope and timing of the project in parallel with extending the life of the current leaching operation.

INDONESIAN OPERATIONS Grasberg

Located in the remote highlands of the Sudirman Mountain Range in the province of Papua, Indonesia, on the western half of the island of New Guinea, the Grasberg minerals district includes open-pit and underground mines. Its history dates back to 1972, when PT Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) commenced mining operations, followed in 1988 by the discovery of the Grasberg mine. Today, after significant production, the Grasberg mining district contains one of the world’s largest recoverable copper reserves and the largest gold reserve. PT-FI is owned 48.8% by FreeportMcMoRan and 51.2% by PT Indonesia Asahan Aluminum, a state-owned enterprise wholly owned by the Indonesian government. The Grasberg minerals district has three operating mines, the Grasberg open pit, the Deep Ore Zone underground mine and the Big Gossan underground mine. In September 2015, PT-FI initiated pre-commercial production, which represents ore extracted during the development phase for the purpose of obtaining access to the ore body, at the Deep Mill Level Zone underground mine. PT-FI also has several projects in progress in the Grasberg minerals district related to the development of the large-scale, long-lived, high-grade underground ore bodies located beneath and nearby the Grasberg open pit. PT-FI began open-pit mining of the Grasberg ore body in 1990 but has now transitioned to the Grasberg Block Cave underground mine. The Deep Ore Zone (DOZ) ore body lies vertically below the now depleted Intermediate Ore Zone. PT-FI began production from the DOZ ore body in 1989 using open-stope mining methods, but suspended production in 1991 in favour of production from the

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Grasberg open pit. Production resumed in September 2000 using the block-cave method. The DOZ is a mature blockcave mine that previously operated at 80,000 metric tons of ore per day. Current operating rates from the DOZ underground mine are driven by the value of the incremental DOZ ore grade compared to the ore from the Grasberg open pit and ore grade material from the development of the DMLZ and Grasberg Block Cave underground mines. The DMLZ ore body lies below the DOZ underground mine at the 2,590-metre elevation and represents the downward continuation of mineralization in the Ertsberg East Skarn system and neighbouring Ertsberg porphyry. During third quarter 2018, PT-FI commenced hydraulic fracturing activities to manage rock stresses and pre-condition the DMLZ underground mine for large-scale production following seismic activity experienced in 2017 and 2018. Production at the DMLZ underground mine is expected to continue through 2041. To mitigate the impact of seismic events, PT-FI implemented a revised mine sequence; upgraded support systems, blasting and re-entry protocols; and improved mine monitoring and analysis processes. Development activities and mining are taking place in unaffected areas while impacted areas are being assessed, rehabilitated and prepared to be placed back into use. Targeted production rates once the DMLZ underground mine reaches full capacity are expected to approximate 80,000 metric tons of ore per day in 2021. Production at the DMLZ underground mine is expected to continue through 2041.

Big Gossan

The Big Gossan underground mine was on care-and-maintenance status during most of 2017 and production restarted in fourth-quarter 2017. The mine lies underground, adjacent to the current mill site. It is a tabular, near vertical ore body. The mine utilizes a blasthole stoping method with delayed paste backfill. Stopes of varying sizes are mined and the ore dropped down passes to a truck haulage level. Trucks are chute loaded and transport the ore to a jaw crusher. The crushed ore is then hoisted vertically via a two-skip production shaft to a level where it is loaded onto a conveyor belt. The belt carries the ore to one of the main underground

conveyors where the ore is transferred and conveyed to the surface stockpiles for processing.

Outlook

Reporting strong financial results and cash flow generation in its secondquarter and six-month 2021 results for the period to 30 June 2021, Freeport McMoRan said that the ramp-up of the Grasberg underground mines was advancing on schedule. Production approximated 78 per cent of the projected ultimate annualized level and is expected to reach 100 per cent by year-end 2021. During second-quarter 2021, milling rates at Cerro Verde’s concentrator facilities were slightly above forecast and averaged 374,100 metric tons of ore per day. Cerro Verde expects milling rates to return to pre-COVID-19 pandemic levels of approximately 400,000 metric tons of ore per day in 2022. The company successfully completed the initial development of the Lone Star copper leach project in Arizona in the second half of 2020 and achieved design capacity approximating 200 million pounds annually. FCX continues to advance opportunities to increase Lone Star operating rates and is evaluating a potential additional incremental oxide expansion to increase volumes to over 300 million pounds of copper per year. The oxide project advances the opportunity for development of the large-scale sulphide resources at Lone Star. “Our global team continues to execute our operating plans safely, efficiently and responsibly, providing strong cash flows and a solid foundation for future profitability and growth,” said Richard C Adkerson, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. “During the first half of 2021, we reduced our net debt by $2.7 billion and achieved our targeted net debt level, positioning us for increasing cash returns to shareholders and investments in future growth in accordance with our financial policy. As a leading responsible producer of copper, we are optimistic about the prospects for our business and our role in supporting a growing global economy and the transition to clean energy. We remain focused on building value for all stakeholders through solid management of our long-lived and high-quality portfolio of copper assets.”

World Mining Magazine

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oronet Metals US is a company on the cutting edge of dry concentration, milling and non-cyanide leaching processes that do not produce wastewater. Avimetal is a subsidiary company of Coronet Metals and is based in the United States, with a branch office in Korea that has developed a method for cleaning up cyanide and heavy metals such as cadmium and mercury from contaminated effluent. For the past ten years, Avimetal has been conducting research

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Avimetal has developed a method for cleaning up cyanide and heavy metals such as cadmium and mercury from contaminated effluent

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and development into the treatment of mining effluent and slags, and the findings show a variety of environmentally sustainable rare metal and precious nonferrous industrial metal cleaning and recovery procedures. Avimetal’s environmentally friendly mineral processing technologies can revolutionise the worldwide mining industry, as the majority of alternative procedures rely on the use of large amounts of water and harmful chemicals.

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Mining sector challenges The mining sector has struggled to keep up with international market statistics, despite the industry’s impressive economic performance in recent years. After multiyear high profitability levels, underpinned by financially strong conditions, investors appear unable to invest at past price and dividend yield levels, resulting in existing investors being rewarded with a market price performance that is not comparable. Furthermore, our long-term analysis indicates that the mining industry will only see negligible market cap growth over the next 15 years. However, long-term changes in the operational environment are generating concerns about the industry’s long-term viability. The influence of climate change, as seen by the increasing frequency and severity of extreme weather occurrences, is foremost among them. The mining industry is strongly engaged in the climate change discussion as a source and supplier of carbon-based raw material such as coal, as well as a significant source of CO2 emissions via mining and metals processing. The top 40 companies’ responses are diverse: some have implemented a climate change plan, while others appear to be unconcerned. The majority of capital investment is directed towards copper and battery metals, which are expected to benefit, as the energy supply diverts attention from internal combustion engines and toward electricity, especially renewable energy. However, coal accounts for 38 per cent of worldwide energy generation. It is an essential part of the economy and has inspired significant capital expenditure and transaction attention. Mining corporations are also reducing their operational portfolios by selling non-pivotal properties and adapting project portfolios to meet long-term objectives. Consolidation in the gold sector was a major focus of merger activity among the Top 40 in early 2019 and 2018. Potential acquirers must continue to evaluate their strategic choices before moving forward, but we may see more agreements to boost efficiencies and productivity. Miners are in the public spotlight on the subject of carbon emissions, since they extract fossil fuels and consume a huge amount of energy. Any mistake increases the danger of damaging one’s reputation and adversely affects the whole industry’s social license to function. Mining should therefore be among the first to adapt to the changing environment. While the top 40 miners are

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doing well in support of environmental monitoring, environmentalists have stated that disclosure alone is insufficient. Direct, quantifiable, demonstrable development is essential for trust to be established and sustained. Miners have already made significant progress in improving operational efficiency in order to reduce groundwater usage and other environmental issues. By 2020, many of the top 40 have set a goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 3% to 5%. While this is a welcome move, miners have not gone as far as their counterparts in other sectors.

While the top 40 miners are doing well in support of environmental monitoring, environmentalists have stated that disclosure alone is insufficient. Direct, quantifiable, demonstrable development is essential for trust to be established and sustained World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

Avimetal’s first eco-friendly mineral processing plant On 30 April 2021, Avimetal won contracts for $5 million USD for six environmentally-friendly mineral processing plants, with the first plant to be completed by the end of June in Unju, Korea – the world’s first truly environmentally sustainable mineral processing factory. The Unju Mine was built during Japanese colonial administration in Korea. They chose to redevelop an abandoned mine in 1997, registering for a mining license in Jeonbuk Province in December of last year – which was rejected in January of this year for violating the Mountain Management Act. Residents of Yangchonmyeon, Nonsan City, near the Unju Mine, are protesting that “If the Unju Mine is redeveloped, not only will Topjeong Lake and Nonsan Stream – which are the feeding lines of Nonsan – be contaminated, but ecofriendly agricultural products such as strawberries and lettuce will also suffer great damage.” Nonsan City wrote a letter of command signed by Mayor Hwang MyungSeon recently, saying that “if the Unju Mine is developed, there is a concern that Nonsan’s agricultural base will be uprooted.” Approximately 1 million tons of cyanide and cadmiumcontaminated effluent are currently present at the Unju Mine. Acidic water from the abandoned mine, polluting waterways, and neighbouring agricultural land may be contaminating tailing sediments and nearby places at the time of this writing. In general, once damage from mine contamination begins, it continues for a long period, and healing and restoration take a lot of time and money. Furthermore, many civil lawsuits have been filed over environmental damage. The government is currently carrying out duties on an annual basis as part of a national project to prevent soil and groundwater contamination from acid leachate and cyanides from the existing tailings dump. Simon Korea will use Avimetal’s technology to clean up the million tons of tailings and expand the underground mine. Crushing, milling, drying, electrostatic concentration, leaching with NaCl, cyclone electrowinning system and a 100 per cent recycling wastewater system were all part of Avimetal’s plant design.

On 30 April 2021, Avimetal won contracts for $5 million USD for six environmentally-friendly mineral processing plants, with the first plant to be completed by the end of June in Unju, Korea – the world’s first truly environmentally sustainable mineral processing factory

World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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Coronet Metals US

A revolution in mineral processing

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In the United States, the world’s first dry concentration plant utilizing revolutionary polymer graphene oriented electrostatic separation technology, invented by Avimetal CEO James Gim, has been built on 54 acres of property at Beatty, Nevada, purchased by Coronet Metals

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Beatty Dry Concentration Plant Meanwhile, in the United States, the world’s first dry concentration plant utilizing revolutionary polymer graphene oriented electrostatic separation technology, invented by Avimetal CEO James Gim, has been built on 54 acres of property at Beatty, Nevada, purchased by Coronet Metals. Beatty City is an unincorporated town in Nye County, Nevada, that was founded in October 1904 and is situated at the intersection of Highway 95 and State Route 374. Beatty has a wide array of land, water and scenic natural resources, important not just in terms of economics, aesthetics and enjoyment, but also in terms of land use monitoring and management. Using technology licensed from Avimetal, Coronet Metals plans to clean up tailings and slags that have accumulated around this location and then continue to expand the underground mine. The facility was built by Avimetal, without the use of water or chemicals, and consists of crushing, milling, drying and electrostatic concentration.

Coronet Metals US

A revolution in mineral processing

Avimetal’s system replaces a ball mill or Raymond mill with a micronization milling system, which saves on electrical power, plant size and produces smaller particles of up to 400 to 600 mesh. Coronet Metals has also relocated its head office from Valley Circle Center to South Eastern Las Vegas near Las Vegas Airport. The HQ office will support mining operations for Gold Bug Mines, AR and Orion Mine, Nevada. In the famous Gold Bug Mine region, Coronet Metals has signed a long-term

leasing agreement for the Lonesome Coyote Mine, Owl Hoot Mine, and Gold Casadei Mine. Each mine is approximately 40 acres (15,000 square meters) and has several hundred thousand tonnes of tailings. There are several million tonnes of effluents on the surface of this 120-acre (480,000-square-metre) site. Coronet Metals intends to purify effluent by dry concentration using Avimetal’s electrostatic separation technology.

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Gold Bug Mine The Gold Bug Mine is located in an area with a long and colourful mining history in Arizona. The Gold Bug, for example, produced 50 tonnes of ore in 1895, averaging 43 ounces (1,333g) of gold per tonne. The Ivy Minerals Gold Bug Mine is located on White Hills Road west of Highway 93, four miles exactly west of Boulder Inn, which is 29 miles south of Boulder Dam on Hwy. 93. The permittee of the site is allowed to use the vat leaching method to operate a closed-circuit non-disposal hydrometallurgical precious metal recovery plant. The infrastructure must be built and maintained in such a way that pollutants do not end up on the land surface or in the subsurface, posing a risk to the water quality in the area. Coronet Metals has acquired the Orion placer mining claims in Esmeralda County, Nevada, in the Goldfield Mining District and plans to develop dry concentration at these mines. Physically, the mining claims are located along a stretch of land in the big wash drainage. The width of this water course varies from 400 feet to over 1,000 feet. Much of the mining district’s heart may be found in the headwaters. The proximity of Coronet Metal’s mines to the big wash zone was and still appears to be favourable for gold deposition. The Milltown Andesite and underlying rhyodacite include silicified and aluminized miocene rocks with high-grade gold pockets and, to a lesser degree, scattered mineralization. Ore can be found at depths of up to 1,000 feet. A total of five million ounces of gold have been extracted from there over the years. The mineralized rocks have been exposed for an unknown amount of time, although the bajada north of town is well developed and mature. Big wash is currently 20 to 30 feet in diameter in the bajada. The wash is a well-developed network of twisted short-lived streams that erode the bajada’s top. Older sediments are being transformed by sheet wash from the west and southwest, which is extending

9 World 62 World Mining Mining Magazine Magazine www.ogsmag.com www.ogsmag.com

Avimetal’s system replaces a ball mill or Raymond mill with a micronization milling system, which saves on electrical power, plant size and produces smaller particles of up to 400 to 600 mesh the wash in those directions. Tailings from previous mining operations have been washed into the drainage in recent years. Overall, erosion is surpassing the fresh sediment accumulation. The sediments are visible in both the wash’s walls and the current channel. Boulders up to several feet in diameter have been found scattered among the silts and gravels in the area, indicating the force of flash flooding. These boulders are made up of rhyodacite that has been silicified and a lot of juvenile basalts, and probable source rock for the gold. All of the rocks in the wash are sub rounded to rounded, showing both rolling and refining of the bigger rocks by finer material swept over them. The sediments contain 1 to 2 percent magnetite, according to a magnet. Small concentrations of magnetite or, more commonly, diffused magnetite, can be found in sediments. The low quantities suggest that the magnetitecontaining material has been processed. Fine gold is certainly present in these magnetite quantities. The district’s mafic rocks, such as andesite and basalt, provide magnetite. The results of the tests point to a gold resource. The sediments are well-developed, with several excellent gold traps. Erosion involves reworking the sediments, which provides a concentration process for fine gold. There is also a magnetite resource that can be easily recovered via magnetic separation. The residual heavy mineral

concentration can then be gravity separated after the magnetite has been removed. A track-mounted sonic drill rig is suggested for a preliminary examination of the resource. Three fences of holes running east-west across the claims should be enough to assess whether additional work is required. For a total of 1,500 feet of fencing, each fence should have ten holes that are

Coronet Metals US

A revolution in mineral processing

50 feet deep. Sediments will be gathered in 2½ foot bags. The depositional history and the location(s) of fine gold within the sediments are both preserved. The sediment deposition is documented by weighing and photographing the bags. Individual beds can be examined under a microscope to see whether or not there is any gold present. The gold is separated by gravity and the magnetite is separated

by magnetic separation. The weight percentage can be used to establish the grade of each as shown in metallurgical reports list. At big wash north of Goldfield, there is great potential for a placer resource. A considerable resource can also be generated by combining magnetite collected and sold to a cement factory with a gold grade of at least 0.2 ounces per tonne.

Boulders up to several feet in diameter have been found scattered among the silts and gravels in the area, indicating the force of flash flooding World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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Fine particles Since most gold particles are extremely minute (commonly referred to as a ‘micron silica cluster,’ because micron sized gold is contained by silica), fine particles are crucial in gold ore mineral processing. The smaller the particle, the greater the amount of gold recovered. The ultra-fine raptor mill is a new concept that allows fine grinding to extract minerals, including precious metals, more efficiently. The first steps in this process are crushing and milling. Ultra-fine micronization milling is a patented, innovative and commercialized method for particle size reduction in order to reduce – within seconds – solids that are capable of fracturing into a particle-sized powder. It replaces the likes of a conventional ball mill, impact mill, hammer mill, Raymond mill, tower mill, etc. An ultra-fine raptor works by means of a tornado/vortex airstream. With the help of a generated high-frequency air pressure fluctuation and a rotating impeller, the airstream transports the material into the mill’s spiral chamber. From there, the particles are distributed evenly into the milling chamber. The

Coronet Metals US

A revolution in mineral processing

ultra-fine raptor mill can revolutionize the mineral processing industry because of its higher speed, efficiency, the economy of operation, and improved metal recovery. The principle of triboelectricity (involving contact and/or friction) underpins Avimetal’s dry concentration. Electrostatic concentration has been employed in the mining sector for a long time, but its use has been restricted due to issues such as unit price, processing capacity and the inability to handle microscopic particles. Electrostatic separators are classified as gravity or electrostatic attraction. They both work in similar ways, but the forces that are delivered to the particles differ. High tension rollers and electrostatic separators are both electrodynamic separators.

The smaller the particle, the greater the amount of gold recovered. The ultra-fine raptor mill is a new concept that allows fine grinding to extract minerals, including precious metals, more efficiently. The first steps in this process are crushing and milling

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Dry concentration by electrostatic separation In the early 1900s, electrostatic separation became popular in mineral processing, until the advent of froth flotation. Since then, mineral processing has moved towards eco-sustainable processing techniques (ie, reducing the use of chemicals) and more recently, without the use of water. The electrostatic separation of minerals highlights the significance of a dry state. Electrostatic separation is a process that uses electrostatic charges to separate crushed particles of material. These methods separate valuable minerals from gangues using differences in their electrical properties. Particles of different electrical charges or polarities are separated in an electric field because they follow different motion trajectories. This way, valuable material is separated from ore or slag. In general, electrostatic separators are classified as electrodynamic (high tension) rollers and electrostatic plate separators. The chemical composition of the particle surface affects electron affinity, resulting in significant differential charging of materials in a mixture of discrete particles of diverse composition. The electrostatic plate separators work by passing a stream of particles past a charged anode. In high tension rollers, a corona discharge charges the particles that subsequently travel on a drum. The conducting particles lose their electrons to the drum and are then repelled from the drum; the drum attracts non-conducting particles. These separators have a low load capacity (less than a hundred kilograms per hour). These are useful for particles between 75 and 250 microns, which does not aid the separation of minerals due to the size of the ore particles. For example, the Quadrant Roller Electrical Sorter is a significant piece of equipment in electrical mineral separation. The disadvantage of the roller type is a limitation for separating small particles. However, in 1989, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) developed a belt-type separator

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that works with triboelectricity (charge separation by friction). This separator works for micron-sized particles and has a large separation capacity of 5 tonnes per hour, but the unit cost is several million USD. For this reason, Avimetal has developed low-cost electrostatic separators. The advantages of this system compared to our competitors

are compact size, low sales price, the ability to separate micron-sized particles, large production capacity and low power usage. They also have several advantages over other mineral processing techniques due to their high efficiency, low capital and operating costs, no addition of chemicals and consequently, being environmentally friendly. Avimetal is a technology leader

providing dry concentration, milling and non-cyanide leaching systems without wastewater generation. Avimetal’s dry concentration technology was first successfully commercialized in Quilabamba, Peru, by Picchu Rio Gold Inc. The company’s mining permit had been suspended since 2012 as a result of mercury and cyanide poisoning of water downstream of the Amazon River. Picchu Rio Gold was granted a processing permit in 2018 after the Peruvian government approved an EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) rule permitting the use of Avimetal’s technology.

Coronet Metals US

A revolution in mineral processing

Particles of different electrical charges or polarities are separated in an electric field because they follow different motion trajectories. This way, valuable material is separated from ore or slag www.coronetpm.com

World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

How Avimetal’s electrostatic separator works Avimetal’s electrostatic separator works with triboelectricity and has four stages of graphene-coated anode and cathode plate pairs, vertically positioned, capable of treating five tonnes per hour. Graphene is a material with the advantages of superior conductivity and low costs. We also offer a full knock down (FKD) kit, with which the machine can be assembled in a few hours. Furthermore, the small size of the equipment saves on the cost of transportation. Valuable and precious metals from dry concentrated materials can be further refined by cold plasma or hot plasma gasification, followed by NaCl (salt water) hypochlorite leaching and a cyclone electrowinning system, depending on the characteristics of the ore contents. Electrostatic plate separators work by passing a stream of particles past a charged anode. Due to their induced attraction to the anode, the conductors lose electrons to the plate and are drawn away from the other particles. Other processes are limited in capacity because every particle must make contact with the drum or plate. The effectiveness of these contact charging processes is also limited to particles of about 100 μm or greater in size, due to the need to contact the grounded plate and the required particle flow dynamics. Due to inertial effects, particles of different sizes will have distinct flow dynamics, resulting in decreased separation. Unlike other electrostatic separation techniques, Avimetal’s separator is well suited for the separation of very fine (one

World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

Valuable and precious metals from dry concentrated materials can be further refined by cold plasma or hot plasma gasification, followed by NaCl (salt water) hypochlorite leaching and a cyclone electrowinning system, depending on the characteristics of the ore contents

micron) to moderately coarse materials with maximum throughputs. Triboelectric particle charging works with a variety of materials and simply requires particle-to-particle contact. Avimetal’s separator is distinguished by its tiny gap, high electric field, counter current flow, intense particle-particle agitation, self-cleaning action of the belt on the electrodes and being environmentally sustainable.

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Coronet Metals US

A revolution in mineral processing

Cold Plasmas A form of matter made up wholly or partially of ions and electrons is known as plasma (charged particles). A gas will disintegrate into atoms, positive ions and electrons when energy is applied to it. There are two types of plasma, thermal and non-thermal. All particles (electrons, ions, atoms and molecules) are in thermal equilibrium in thermal plasmas (which means the average kinetic energy is the same for all kinds). Thermal plasmas (also known as ‘hot plasmas’) have temperatures ranging from a few thousand to a few million degrees Kelvin. Atoms, positive ions and molecules have substantially lower kinetic energy than electrons in nonthermal plasmas, which are also termed ‘cold plasmas’. In cold plasmas the temperature ranges from room temperature to a few hundred Kelvin. Cold plasma (CP) is a new technology that has captured the imagination of researchers all around the world. It was created to improve the printing and adhesive capabilities of polymers, as well as a number of electronic applications. Its uses have expanded in the recent decade as a potent instrument for non-thermal processing, with a variety of applications. Cold plasma technology is widely used to manufacture semiconductors, printed circuit boards, magnetic media, special glasses, coating metals, and surface-treating some fabrics. A corona discharge can produce cold plasma by applying an electric field to the gas. This technology is ‘dry’, in the sense that it requires no solvents or other chemicals, only gases such as air, nitrogen, oxygen, argon or hydrogen. As a result, it is environmentally sustainable. A revolutionary cold plasma device designed by Richard Woodford and James Gim is ready to be commercialized for metallurgical refining applications. When a DC-pulsed, electric power is delivered to a hydrogen-containing gas, it ionizes, resulting in various radicals. The hydrogen radicals formed in the molten metal react with the contaminants. When they reach the surface, they react with impurities containing sulphur, nitrogen or phosphorus to generate the volatile chemicals H2S, NH3, and PH3. These chemicals are transported away by the fluent gas since they are insoluble in the melts. As a result, the metal’s impurity elements are eliminated. In a cold plasma device containing a reactor, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a membrane and an agitator, the electrode is set up to produce cold plasma with a temperature range of 65 to 120 degrees Fahrenheit (18 to 49C, 291 to 322 K). We developed the membrane and electrodes ourselves. The metals are then removed with the use of an electrolyte containing NaCl and unique compounds. Different metals can then be recovered by adjusting the pH level.

A revolutionary cold plasma device designed by Richard Woodford and James Gim is ready to be commercialized for metallurgical refining applications. When a DCpulsed, electric power is delivered to a hydrogencontaining gas, it ionizes, resulting in various radicals. The hydrogen radicals formed in the molten metal react with the contaminants

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Coronet Metals US

A revolution in mineral processing

Thermal plasma in metallurgy is now evolving in two directions: improving traditional metallurgical technologies and developing mostly new plasma metallurgical technologies

Thermal plasma technology applications The current global ecosystem of natural materials, energy and ecology requires the development of novel metallurgical technologies and equipment based on the use of thermal plasma as a concentrated heat source and for chemically active components of processes. Thermal plasma in metallurgy is now evolving in two directions: improving traditional metallurgical technologies and developing mostly new plasma metallurgical technologies. Plasma technologies are typically categorized as smelting and reducing (extracting) processes, based on the breadth of their use. These methods are distinguished by the fact that the materials are finely powdered and, in most cases, subjected to partial reduction prior to processing. The goal of all of the different plasma units is to provide a quick melting time for the raw material and a good contact (maximum area) between the reducing gas and the melted oxide material using diverse technologies. Plasma reduction technologies are characterized in general based on the kind of heat exchange between the plasma arc and the treated material, as well as the parameters under which the reduction processes are carried out. Hot plasma has application in metallurgy, hazardous waste elimination, coating methods such as plasma spraying or chemical vapor deposition (CVD), the production of fine/nano powders, and energy generation. For the past decade, hot

plasma technology has also aided in the recovery of value-added metals from slag or ore. However, the mining sector requires more cost-effective and efficient ore and slag concentration technologies, as well as precious metals processing technology. Consider that gold ore, slag, or other materials have a break-even point (BEP) of at least 0.2 ounces of gold per tonne. Plasma gasification is another method that uses plasma to transform organic materials into synthetic gas and slag. An electric arc plasma torch ionizes the gas and transforms organic material to a synthetic gas, leaving a solid waste. The power is then generated using synthetic gas. Plasma gasification is a cost-effective method of generating electricity from municipal trash or biomass. Plasma plants, on the other hand, are considered costly and limited in capacity. Avimetal has developed a costeffective, compact-sized RF Plasma

Gasification System with outputs ranging from 120 to 960 kW that can be installed in parallel to improve capacity by combining several feeds and torches into a single system. It’s a turnkey modular system that’s easy to set up. Plasma furnaces, similar to plasma-arc furnaces, function in an ‘open bath’ to produce metals and alloys from natural and waste raw materials in industrial manufacturing. Industrial furnaces, in which the powdered material is injected around the heating surface of the resultant plasma cone, spin at a velocity of 50-1500 min around the furnace vertical axis at a 5-15° angle and with an arc length of 500-750 mm, are well known. According to the most recent statistics acquired from processing powder slimes and slags in a 2mW plasma furnace, specific energy consumption is 1300 kWh/t powder, and reducing agent consumption is 90300 kg depending on the kind of treated material.

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NaCl leaching refining system The extraction of metals from effluent and low-grade ores is gaining popularity, due to the ever-increasing demand for metals, limited quantities of rich metal resources, mine depletion, and annual production of millions of tonnes of waste. Significant amounts of essential and precious metals, such as cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, gold and silver, can be found in mine tailings. For recycling the tailings, different hydro- and pyrometallurgical processes, as well as mineral processing technologies, have been investigated. In the extraction of gold from ores or secondary materials, cyanide is the most widely used leaching reagent. However, there are a number of drawbacks to using cyanide, including its high toxicity and low efficacy for carbon-based ores. Alternative cyanide-free reagents have been researched in the laboratory and on experimental or demonstration scales for these reasons, over the last few decades. Halogens, thiourea, thiosulfate, thiocyanate, ammonia, and glycine are among the alternative reagents for metal leaching.

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NaCl leaching is one of the most promising alternative processes because it is less toxic, has faster dissolving kinetics, has fewer gold passivation issues and is excellent at leaching refractory ores NaCl leaching is one of the most promising alternative processes because it is less toxic, has faster dissolving kinetics, has fewer gold passivation issues and is excellent at leaching refractory ores. To keep copper and/or iron soluble, chloride leaching is usually done at atmospheric pressure, at high temperatures, such as 65–95°C, and with an acidic pH of less than 3. NaCl has been used as a gold leaching agent in direct gold processing, as a leaching media for gold-copper containing refractory copper concentrates, and as a leaching medium for other base metals in previous studies. As oxidizing agents, hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite ions, cupric ions (Cu2+), and ferric ions (Fe3+) have been used, whereas chloride in NaCl serves as a complexant, producing a complex with the dissolved gold complexing agent. Also, to oxidize cuprous ions into the divalent state, oxygen is used as an indirect oxidant. The purpose of this method is to use sodium chloride (NaCl) leaching to extract copper and other metals from flotation by-products, as well as other precious metals. The influence of sodium and chloride ion concentrations on the solubility of gold, copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, and iron has also been studied.

Cyclone electrowinning Electrowinning, also known as electroextraction, is the electrodeposition of metals from their ores after they have been dissolved in water by a process known as leaching. A new electrodeposition technology is cyclone electrodeposition, which has an obvious technical advantage in multi-metal purification and separation. It is commonly used to extract low concentrations of copper, gold, silver, cobalt, nickel, zinc and so on, in an acidic solution, including sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and cyanide. Cyclone electrodeposition avoids the concentration polarization caused by the slow flow of an electrolyte, because of the relatively high-speed motion of the electrolyte and electrode. In the traditional electrodeposition process, the thickness of the diffusion layer reduces, and enhances the mass transfer while minimizing an ion exchange. Electrowinning has been known for more than 200 years, and its use in the production of copper has increased dramatically in recent years. Anodes and cathodes are submerged in a solution containing metal ions in traditional electrowinning. Metal ions are reduced and deposited on the cathode, but this causes ions in the surrounding solution to deplete, slowing mass movement and deposition. As a result, extracting the majority of the metal from the solution is difficult, especially when the metal ion concentration is low. Turbulence in the medium is an important approach to increase mass transmission. Cyclones maintain a turbulent flow, allowing for rapid mass transfer. Traditional electrowinning requires recirculating the treated solution for further processing, but cyclone electrowinning technology is a straightforward, onestep approach for treating metal ion solutions. The capacity to apply substantially larger current densities due to highly efficient mass transfer is a key benefit of cyclone electrowinning technology. Higher current densities result in a significant rise in the cathode production rate per square metre and cheaper capital expenses. Furthermore, the cyclone electrowinning equipment is extremely simple and has few mechanical components from an engineering point of view. It has a modular design that allows for easy installation, enlargement, and transportation. The technology’s ability to maintain high current efficiency and product quality are also extensive. One of the technology’s fundamental properties is electrowinning of metals efficiently down to extremely low concentrations. Furthermore, the cell is enclosed and does not cause an acid fog problem, resulting in significant cost reductions in terms of construction and maintenance.

Coronet Metals US

A revolution in mineral processing

Traditional electrowinning requires recirculating the treated solution for further processing, but cyclone electrowinning technology is a straightforward, one-step approach for treating metal ion solutions World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

How cyclone electrowinning works No additives are used, and electrowinning is usually done at room temperature. Also, the cyclone electrowinning cell is more tolerant to impurities than a normal cell. Its strong mass transport characteristics help to maximize target metal recovery while reducing coplating of other metals. Because of the confined form of the cell and the lack of a ‘water line’, it has a much higher tolerance for entrained organics and chlorides. The cell does not have a lead-based anode in its conventional form, removing a potential source of product contamination. The electrowinning equipment has a modest capital cost, especially when compared to the magnitude of the operation. Only one cathode (Ti starting sheet) and our patented anode are used in a single cyclone electrowinning cell. Our patented water turbine pumps the electrolyte into the cyclone electrowinning cell from the bottom, and it then flows through the cell at high speed in a turbulent flow. As a result, the Cu2+ concentration in electrolytes will drop, but copper deposits on the Ti cathode will increase. Oxygen will be created at the anode and released from the cell at the same time. In a separate system, the acid fog created during the process, is collected and treated. Deposits of around 70~75kg of copper per 23-hour cycle are finally obtained.

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Our patented water turbine pumps the electrolyte into the cyclone electrowinning cell from the bottom, and it then flows through the cell at high speed in a turbulent flow

The advantages of our containerized modular design are numerous, they are quickly manufactured, constructed and delivered to clients, whilst being safe, robust, eco-friendly and affordable

Coronet Metals US

A revolution in mineral processing

Coronet Metals’ modular containerized structure If you’re looking for a convenient and simple approach for a perfect short-term construction solution, look no further than a Coronet Metals containerized structure. We are innovators in the design, manufacture and installation of high- quality, high-cube modular container frames that can be used as offices, healthcare facilities, schools, construction site workplace, overnight accommodation, shower and toilet facilities, etc. These units are particularly well-suited to businesses involved in the mining, gas and oil industries, as well as public economic development. Employee accommodation is frequently required for remote mining sites, mineral and geophysical investigation, research

centres, as well as other economic interests. Modular containerized buildings from Coronet Metals US are a preferred solution for employee residential buildings or full remote camp facilities in certain circumstances, where access to housing is lacking or inadequate. For several years, modular mineral processing facilities have been used in a wide range of industries. We’re employing a high-cube container frame of about 20-feet or 40-feet, with a height and width being 28 and 100 feet, respectively. The patented corner castings may be plugged into the bottom rail, post and cross structure by tightening bolts instead of welding. Pre-assembly parts can reduce the shipment volume to the facility. The processing machine will be housed within a container, double or triple stacked on site, taking only a few days to install. The design and construction of a mining plant’s foundation

If you’re looking for a convenient and simple approach for a perfect short-term construction solution, look no further than a Coronet Metals containerized structure is expensive and time consuming, especially in flat land like the deserts in Nevada, Arizona and New Mexico. From minor to major plants, the industrial revolution is the first container-based enclosure for the USA’s foremost dry concentration facility, being built near Beatty, Nevada. The advantages of our containerized modular design are numerous, they are quickly manufactured, constructed and delivered to clients, whilst being safe, robust, eco-friendly and affordable.

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newmont corp first among equals

elebrating its centenary as a corporation, the world’s No 1 gold miner negotiated the obstacles of the global pandemic to deliver a remarkable performance in 2020 Newmont Corporation announced its full year and fourth quarter 2020 results in February this year. After a year of unprecedented challenges, including social distancing measures, government-imposed mine closures, travel restrictions, and all the rest, the company managed to meet its fullyear guidance, generate a record $4.9 billion of cash, and increase quarterly dividend to $0.55 per share. On the softer side of the measurement criteria, Newmont was recognized as the top-ranked gold miner for the sixth consecutive year in the DJSI Index, announced industry-leading climate targets for greenhouse gas emissions and achieved the best safety performance in the company’s history.

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LIMIT YOUR DOWNTIME, NOT YOUR PROFITS. In a mining operation, profits grow under tight tolerances. Every minute spent switching a paste line adds up fast, so we designed valves to make it quick, safe and simple. The welding needed to place and remove lines used to take days, so we created threaded couplings to dramatically reduce the man hours needed, and our case hardened pipe saves time and money over the long haul. So we are engineered for safety, and speed and durability, but when you add it up, we’re also engineered for profits.

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“In 2020, Newmont achieved record performance including $3.6 billion of free cash flow and ending the year with over $5.5 billion of consolidated cash. These results enable Newmont to lead the industry in shareholder returns, invest in organic growth and maintain financial flexibility,” said Tom Palmer, President and Chief Executive Officer. “While generating record value for shareholders, we also achieved record safety performance with the lowest injury rate in company history. As we complete our 100th year, we will remain focused on delivering superior operational performance whilst creating value and improving lives through sustainable, responsible mining.” During the year, Newmont completed the divestment of the Red Lake Complex in Canada, and the company’s 50 per cent ownership interest in Kalgoorlie Consolidated Gold Mines in Australia, along with its investment holdings in Continental Gold. From an operations point of view,

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“As we complete our 100th year, we will remain focused on delivering superior operational performance whilst creating value and improving lives through sustainable, responsible mining”

attributable gold production for the fourth quarter decreased 11 per cent to 1,630 thousand ounces from the prior year quarter, primarily due to the sale of Red Lake and Kalgoorlie, as well as lower production at Cerro Negro in Argentina while it managed Covid-19 restrictions. For the year, attributable gold production decreased 6 per cent to 5,905 thousand ounces from the prior year, primarily due to Yanacocha and Cerro Negro being placed into care and maintenance in response to the Covid pandemic, lower ore grade mined at Ahafo and the above-mentioned sales. These reductions in production were partially offset by a full year of operations from assets acquired in April 2019 with the Goldcorp merger.

Portfolio improvements Portfolio improvements achieved during the year included the completion of materials handling projects at

newmont corp first among equals

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“Portfolio improvements achieved during the year included the completion of materials handling projects at Musselwhite and Éléonore in Canada, the progression of the autonomous haulage system at Boddington and the Tanami Expansion 2 project in Australia”

Musselwhite and Éléonore in Canada, the progression of the autonomous haulage system at Boddington and the Tanami Expansion 2 project in Australia. Tanami Expansion 2 secures Tanami’s future as a long-life, low-cost producer with potential to extend mine life beyond 2040 through the addition of a 1,460 metre hoisting shaft and supporting infrastructure to achieve 3.5 million tonnes per year of production and provide a platform for future growth. The expansion is expected to increase average annual gold production by approximately 150,000 to 200,000 ounces per year for the first

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five years and is expected to reduce operating costs by approximately 10 per cent. Capital costs for the project are estimated to be between $850 million and $950 million with a commercial production date in the first half of 2024. 2020 also saw a mining method change at Subika Underground in Ghana, while advanced study work at Ahafo North (Ghana) and Yanacocha Sulfides (Peru) continued, with both projects expected to reach full funds approval in 2021. Ahafo North expands Newmont’s existing footprint in Ghana, with four open pit mines and a stand-alone mill located approximately 30 kilometres

from the company’s Ahafo South operations. The project is expected to add 300,000 ounces per year with all-in sustaining costs between $600 to $700 per ounce for the first five full years of production (2024-2028), with estimated capital costs of between $700 and $800 million. Ahafo North is the best unmined gold deposit in West Africa with approximately 3.5 million ounces of reserves. With over a million ounces of measured and indicated and inferred resources there is significant upside potential to extend beyond Ahafo North’s current 13-year mine life. Yanacocha is South America’s largest gold mine, located between 3,500 and

newmont corp first among equals

4,100 metres above sea level in the province and department of Cajamarca, approximately 800 kilometres northeast of Lima. The operation is a joint venture between Newmont (51.35%), Minas Buenaventura (43.65%) and Sumitomo Corporation (5%). Yanacocha Sulfides will develop the first phase of sulfide deposits and an integrated processing circuit, including an autoclave to process gold, copper and silver feedstock. The project is expected to add 500,000 gold equivalent ounces per year with all-in sustaining costs between $700 to $800 per ounce for the first five full years of production (20262030).

The first phase focuses on developing the Yanacocha Verde and Chaquicocha deposits to extend Yanacocha’s operations beyond 2040 with second and third phases having the potential to extend life for multiple decades. In the United States, Newmont’s operations in the state of Nevada have been combined with those of Barrick Gold since 1 January 2019. Identified synergies are expected to deliver up to $500 million per year over the first five years, then stepping down over time. These will come mainly from integrated mine planning, optimized mining and processing, cost reductions and the combination of Turquoise

Ridge and Twin Creeks into a single mine. Production, CAS and AISC for the company’s 38.5 per cent ownership interest in Nevada Gold Mines is as provided by Barrick Gold Corporation. In Canada, in December 2020, Newmont announced the successful completion of two key projects at its Musselwhite mine at Lake Opapimiskan, Ontario, with the full commissioning of the mine’s conveyor system and the material handling project. “I am extremely proud of the work that has been completed by the team at Musselwhite to safely deliver these two critical projects, whilst managing through the unprecedented challenges World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

newmont corp first among equals

caused by Covid-19,” said Tom Palmer. “Musselwhite is an important part of our North America region, and with the commissioning of these two projects is positioned to contribute to Newmont’s portfolio for many years to come.” The conveyor system and the material handling systems work in association to efficiently move material from deeper mine levels to the surface. Haul distances are reduced as the ore crushed at depth will be hoisted from the underground crushers to the conveyor system and brought to the surface for processing.

Covid-19 response

The year’s achievements cannot obscure the effects of the pandemic, however. In addition to its normal operating costs, Newmont incurred incremental Covid specific costs of $92 million during 2020 for activities such as additional health and safety procedures, increased transportation and community fund

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“Tanami Expansion 2 secures Tanami’s future as a long-life, low-cost producer with potential to extend mine life beyond 2040”

contributions. On 9 April 2020, Newmont announced the establishment of a US$20 million fund to help host communities, governments and employees combat the Covid-19 pandemic. The company continues to maintain wide-ranging protective measures for its workforce and neighbouring communities, including screening, physical distancing, deep cleaning and avoiding exposure for at-risk individuals. Newmont has also been working closely with local governments, medical institutions, charities and non-governmental organizations to direct funds towards the greatest needs, targeting three key elements, employee and community health, food security and local economic resilience. “Our purpose to create value and improve lives through sustainable and responsible mining is more relevant now than ever before,” said CEO Tom Palmer. “The strength of our portfolio

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of world-class assets across top tier jurisdictions underpins the financial flexibility to take care of our employees, communities and shareholders. I am proud of the way our employees have responded to these challenging times.” The Peñasquito mine in Mexico is a good example of what he means. Newmont established infrastructure very early in the pandemic to keep employees and the surrounding communities safe, providing thousands of cleaning kits for health clinics and families, tens of thousands of reusable masks and thousands of books for distance learning. Across the 18 testing sites the company established throughout Mexico, Newmont’s teams performed over 50,000 Covid-19 tests, testing people when they arrive at the site and also when they leave, so they can return to their families and communities safely. In Ghana, elementary schools closed in March 2020, disrupting the education of many children. For some, due to limited access to digital devices and the internet, virtual learning has not been an option. As part of Newmont’s Global Community Support Fund, and through the Gold-4-Gold Reading Program (a literacy initiative launched in 2019), Newmont Ghana rolled out a reading program in partnership with United Way Ghana and the Ghana Library Authority, designed to minimize the

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educational impacts of Covid-19 on children in the Ayawaso District of the capital city, Accra. Another way of supporting communities is by local procurement. Plans have long been in place to optimize procurement and employment opportunities for key stakeholder groups by promoting local employability and skills development, diversity of the workforce, small business development for locals and sustainable business opportunities. Developing and maintaining good relationships with suppliers is essential to Newmont’s overall success, so the company follows a sourcing strategy that utilizes only the highest performing suppliers for any type of good or service acquired. Its Supplier Code of Conduct sets out the minimum standards of conduct expected from all suppliers wishing to do business with, or on behalf of, Newmont, one of which is to embrace the company’s local procurement and employment philosophy, too.

Outlook Newmont announced its 2021 outlook in February, with attributable gold production guidance of 6.5 million ounces and AISC (all-in sustainable costs) of $970 per ounce. Attributable gold production is expected to be between 6.2 and 6.7 million ounces

per year in 2022 and 2023, increasing to between 6.5 to 7.0 million ounces in 2024 and 2025, with improving costs. Newmont’s outlook reflects increasing gold production and ongoing investment in its operating assets and most promising growth prospects. The company has included Ahafo North and Yanacocha Sulfides in its outlook for the first time as the development projects are expected to reach execution stage in 2021. “Newmont’s outlook remains strong and stable as we apply the rigour and discipline of our proven operating model across our world-class portfolio,” said Tom Palmer. “Our five-year outlook reflects improving production and costs as we continue to deliver value from superior operational and project execution. Our strong financial position allows us to continue investing in profitable, organic growth while simultaneously returning cash to shareholders through our industry leading dividend framework.” The outlook for Africa shows production improving in 2021 with Subika Underground delivering higher tonnes at Ahafo, while Akyem benefits from higher grade. CAS (cost of sales) per ounce remains steady with higher grade at Akyem, offset by slightly higher costs at Ahafo due to stockpile processing and stripping from the Subika open pit. Subika Underground should continue

newmont corp first among equals

to deliver higher tonnes through 20222023 while Subika open pit reaches higher grade, partially offset by mine sequencing at Akyem. AISC increases in 2022 with sustaining capital spend for the tailings storage facility at Ahafo. Ahafo North then begins to ramp up in 2023, contributing to the higher production and improving unit costs. In North America, Newmont foresees increased production in 2021 after a full year of operations at Peñasquito in Mexico, and Éléonore and Musselwhite (Canada). Peñasquito is expected to reach slightly higher grade and sustain ‘Full Potential’ improvements in the mill. Porcupine (Canada) will benefit from higher underground and open pit tonnes mined, partially offset by lower leach pad production at Cripple Creek and Victor (Colorado, US). Unit costs are also expected to improve with higher production from a full year of operations at Peñasquito, Éléonore and Musselwhite. Through 2022 and 2023, Éléonore, Musselwhite and CC&V will deliver steady production while Porcupine benefits from higher grades in the Borden underground and the Hollinger open pit mines (in 2022) before Hollinger begins to ramp down in 2023. Peñasquito is, by then, mining lower grade, harder ore from the Chile Colorado pit while stripping the next phases of the Peñasco pit from 2022 to 2024.

Unit costs impacted by mine sequencing at Peñasquito, Éléonore, CC&V and Porcupine will be partially offset by improved productivity and efficiencies at Musselwhite, with the completion of the new conveyor system and lower mine material handling system. In South America, a full year of production in 2021 from Cerro Negro is likely to be partially offset by Merian (Surinam) transitioning to harder rock and Yanacocha transitioning to a primarily leach operation while developing the first phase of the sulfide resources. Unit costs remain steady with higher production and improved productivity at Cerro Negro, offset by lower production at Yanacocha. Production is forecast to improve through 2022-2023 with higher ore tonnes mined from Full Potential productivity improvements and mining from five to six ore sources at Cerro Negro. Yanacocha and Merian are expected to be impacted by slightly lower production due to mine sequencing. In Australia, production will benefit in 2021 from Full Potential improvements at Boddington to sustain mill throughput at greater than 40 million tonnes per annum, while the site also benefits from higher grade in the South Pit. Tanami continues to deliver solid performance with 500,000 ounces of production while advancing the Tanami

Expansion 2 project. AISC includes sustaining capital spend at Boddington to advance Autonomous Haulage, which is expected to reach commercial production in 2021. Production at Boddington benefits from higher grade and improved efficiency from autonomous haulage beginning in 2022 before transitioning to stripping the next layback in 2023. Tanami will partially offset Boddington’s lower production in 2023 as Tanami Expansion 2 begins to ramp up. Unit costs improve with higher grade and efficiency at Boddington and improved underground efficiencies at Tanami as the second expansion comes online. Newmont has been careful to point out that its 2021 and longerterm outlook assumes operations continue without major Covid-related interruptions. The company continues to maintain wide-ranging protective measures for its workforce and neighbouring communities, including screening, physical distancing, deep cleaning and avoiding exposure for at-risk individuals. If continuing operations pose an increased risk to the workforce or host communities, Newmont says it will reduce operational activities up to, and including, care and maintenance and management of critical environmental systems.

www.newmont.com World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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& development

HP has emerged from a difficult year with a strong safety performance, operations enhanced by automation and reduced carbon emissions, and development projects on track using local suppliers

In his introduction to the operational review for the nine months ended 31 March 2021, BHP Chief Executive Officer Mike Henry highlighted a strong safety and operational performance, with record year-to-date production at Western Australia Iron Ore, the Goonyella Riverside metallurgical coal mine in Queensland and concentrator throughput at Escondida in Chile. Major projects are being ramped up, he said, bringing on new supply in copper and iron ore, with the Spence Growth Option producing copper in Chile and Samarco in Brazil recommencing iron ore pellet production at one concentrator in December 2020. The South Flank iron ore project in Australia is on track to begin production in the middle of the year. One of BHP’s other growth projects, the Jansen potash project in Saskatchewan, Canada, remains on track for a final investment decision in mid-2021.

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IRON ORE Despite restrictions associated with the Covid-19 pandemic, Western Australia Iron Ore (WAIO) achieved record production in FY2020 and again in the nine months to 31 March 2021. WAIO is an integrated system of four processing hubs and five mines connected by more than 1,000 kilometres of rail infrastructure and port facilities in the Pilbara region of northern Western Australia. The reserve base is relatively concentrated, allowing development to be planned around integrated mining hubs connected to the mines and satellite orebodies by conveyors or spur lines. This approach enables the value of installed infrastructure to be maximised by using the same processing plant and rail infrastructure for a number of orebodies. WAIO consists of four main joint ventures: Mt Newman, Yandi, Mt Goldsworthy and Jimblebar. BHP’s interest in each of the joint ventures is 85 per cent, with Mitsui and ITOCHU owning the remaining 15 per cent. The joint ventures are unincorporated, except Jimblebar. At each processing hub – Newman, Yandi, Mining Area C and Jimblebar – the ore is crushed, beneficiated (where necessary) and blended to create

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“To meet border controls introduced by the Western Australian Government, more than 900 employees and contractors in businesscritical roles were temporarily relocated to Western Australia, including train drivers and train load out operators”

high-grade haematite lump and fines products which are then transported along the Port Hedland–Newman Rail Line to the Finucane Island and Nelson Point port facilities at Port Hedland. WAIO continues to focus on operating safely, implementing a series of preventive measures designed to minimise the spread of Covid-19. To meet border controls introduced by the Western Australian Government, more than 900 employees and contractors in business-critical roles were temporarily relocated to Western Australia, including train drivers and train load out operators. Construction began in July 2018 on the South Flank iron ore project in the Pilbara region. When operational, South Flank will be one of the largest iron ore processing hubs in the world. The project will include a crushing and screening plant, an overland conveyor system and rail-loading facilities. Commissioning activities for South Flank are expected to commence in the June 2021 quarter and the mine is expected to produce 80 million tonnes per annum (Mtpa), replacing volumes from Yandi as it reaches the end of its economic life in the early-to-mid 2020s. The project is expected to create 2,500 construction jobs, more than 600 operational roles and generate

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opportunities for Western Australian suppliers. The mine is expected to produce iron ore for more than 25 years.

COPPER BHP mines for copper in Chile and Peru, as well as Australia. For the nine months to March 2021, its Chilean assets experienced a substantial reduction in their operational workforces as a result of Covid-19 restrictions, a situation which is expected to continue for the remainder of the financial year. Copper production at Escondida decreased by eight per cent to 821 kt, as record concentrator throughput was offset by the impact of lower concentrator feed grade and lower cathode volumes. Concentrator throughput continues to be prioritised over cathode production as a result of the reduced operational workforce and to prioritise yield of ore. Copper production at Pampa Norte, also in Chile, decreased by 21 per cent to 149 kt, largely due to planned maintenance at Spence as well as the impact of a reduced operational workforce as a result of Covid-19 restrictions.

Olympic Dam BHP’s flagship copper operation, Olympic Dam, located 560 kilometres World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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north of Adelaide in South Australia, is one of the world’s most significant deposits of copper, gold, silver and uranium. Olympic Dam consists of underground and surface operations, with a fully integrated processing facility from ore to metal. The underground mine contains more than 450 kilometres of roads and tunnels. Ore mined underground is hauled by an automated train system to crushing, storage and ore hoisting facilities. Olympic Dam copper production increased by 25 per cent to 155 kt in the nine months ending 31 March 2021, reflecting improved smelter performance and stability. Production for the March 2021 quarter itself was 55 kt, the highest quarterly production rate in five years. Production in the 2022 financial year is expected to be lower as a result of the major smelter maintenance campaign planned for

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the first half of the year.

“Commissioning for South Flank is expected to commence in the June 2021 quarter and the mine is expected to produce 80 million tonnes per annum, replacing volumes from Yandi as it reaches the end of its economic life”

Late last year BHP decided against proceeding with a planned $2.5 billion expansion of Olympic Dam after studies of the ore body revealed weaker than expected results. The complex has a range of future growth options, however, from incremental debottlenecking through to large scale investments. A third phase of exploration drilling on the Oak Dam project has been completed with additional geotechnical and geo-metallurgical data collected to assist in the understanding of the deposit. Preparations are also well advanced for the next Smelter Campaign Maintenance to be executed early in FY2022. Downer EDI Ltd has recently announced that its Asset Services business has been awarded a major contract to provide maintenance and shutdown services at Olympic Dam as part of the Smelter Campaign Maintenance 2021 Project (SCM21).

“South Flank is expected to create 2,500 construction jobs, more than 600 operational roles and generate opportunities for Western Australian suppliers. The mine is expected to produce iron ore for more than 25 years”

Downer will deliver two work packages, involving specialist welding, boiler engineering and planning and scheduling services. The project is expected to run for approximately eight months until December 2021, with the major shutdown commencing in August. BHP has also awarded a $15 million contract to Boom Logistics for the supply of cranes, rigging and engineering services. “During the SCM21 shutdown, Boom Logistics will have 40 cranes and approximately 150 crew on site at Olympic Dam,” said CEO and managing director Tony Spassopoulos. “Shutdowns

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are an essential part of mining maintenance, contributing to safe and effective production and productivity improvement.” This year’s mobilisation of equipment will begin in June and will run from August to November 2021.

Newman East BHP has copper operations in Western Australia, too. The company announced in February 2020 that it intended to introduce 20 autonomous trucks at its Newman East mine in WA by the end of the year, creating more than 40 new jobs and generating more than $33 million in contracts for Western Australian

businesses. “We recognise how important it is for BHP to partner with local and small businesses, particularly as we move into a post-Covid economic recovery phase,” said Marie Bourgoin, BHP’s Newman Operations General Manager. “We are pleased to have been able to offer A$33 million in contracts to WA vendors for a range of work packages including autonomous conversion kits, trailers, training content development, and a number of engineering and construction packages.” Home to BHP’s Innovation Centre, the Newman East mine will be the second of the company’s Western Australian

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mines to transition to fully autonomous haulage. By November last year, 22 autonomous trucks had been fully deployed. BHP has operated a fullyautonomous truck fleet at its Western Australian Jimblebar iron ore mine since 2017. Bourgoin said there were no redundancies as part of the transition and more than 300 people in the Newman operations workforce were undergoing training and upskilling to work on an autonomous haulage site. “We have created new control centre roles, which many of our truck operators have transitioned into, as well as new opportunities in truck maintenance and

fuelling,” she said.

South America By the end of the current financial year, BHP expects to complete a trial of autonomous haul trucks at the Escondida copper mine in the Antofagasta region, and in April this year it was announced that the copper and zinc mine Antamina, (a joint venture in Peru in which BHP owns 33.75%, Glencore 33.75%, Teck 22.5% and Mitsubishi 10%) would do the same. “We are going to make a progressive conversion, with trucks with capacity of 380-400t,” said Antamina president

Víctor Gobitz in a webinar. Antamina is currently focusing on bottlenecks in the crushing area and on new tailings management options. The company has obtained authorization from the environmental certification service for sustainable investments (Senace) to carry out US$180m worth of work to optimize equipment and modify auxiliary components in the mine’s concentrator plant. Antamina is among Peru’s largest copper and zinc producers but also mines molybdenum, silver, bismuth and lead. BHP owns 57.5 per cent of, and operates, the Escondida mine in the Atacama Desert in northern World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

“In September last year BHP signed a renewable power purchasing agreement to meet half of its electricity needs across its Queensland Coal mines from low emissions sources, including solar and wind”

Chile. Escondida’s two pits feed three concentrator plants, as well as two leaching operations (oxide and sulphide). The Centre of Integrated Operations (CIO) was inaugurated in July 2019 in BHP’s Santiago office and has since provided remote control services to the mine and process areas of Escondida and Spence. The CIO enables an operation that is safer and more productive by reducing people on-site and allowing them to work in a collaborative space. The Escondida Water Supply Expansion (EWSE) project was completed on time and budget in

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December 2019. Following the completion of the project, Escondida has eliminated water drawdown from aquifers for operational supply 10 years ahead of its FY2030 target. Also in Chile, Pampa Norte consists of two wholly owned operations in the Atacama Desert – Spence and Cerro Colorado – producing high-quality copper cathodes through leaching, solvent extraction and electrowinning processes. Pampa Norte copper production for FY2020 decreased by 2 per cent to 243 kt, mainly due to a 14 per cent decline in stacked ore grade. Production for the 2021 financial year is expected to be between 240 and 270 kt, reflecting

the reduced operational workforce due to Covid-19, the start-up of the Spence Growth Option Project and expected grade decline of approximately seven per cent. The Spence Growth Option (SGO) achieved first copper sales in March 2021, following first copper production in December 2020. The ramp-up to full production capacity at SGO is on track and is expected to take approximately 12 months from first production, following which Spence is expected to average 300 ktpa of over the first four years. The BHP Operating System deployment at Spence started in January 2020 and is expected to continue during FY2021. Similar to Escondida, Spence

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will be undertaking studies on various material handling technologies, such as automated trucks, trolley assistance and in-pit crushers and conveyors to increase mine productivity and improve cost competitiveness.

COAL BHP mines for coal in Colombia and Australia, where its operations are split between Queensland and New South Wales.

Queensland Coal Queensland Coal comprises the BHP Mitsubishi Alliance (BMA) and BHP Mitsui Coal (BMC) assets in the Bowen

Basin in Central Queensland where it enjoys key infrastructure including a modern, multi-user rail network and its own coal-loading terminal at Hay Point, near the city of Mackay. BMA is Australia’s largest coal producer and supplier of seaborne metallurgical coal. It is owned 50:50 by BHP and Mitsubishi Development and operates seven Bowen Basin mines (Goonyella Riverside, Broadmeadow, Daunia, Peak Downs, Saraji, Blackwater and Caval Ridge) and owns and operates the Hay Point Coal Terminal. With the exception of the Broadmeadow underground longwall operation, BMA’s mines are open-cut, using draglines and truck and shovel fleets for overburden removal.

Autonomous trucks are being implemented at two of these sites, 34 at Daunia and 86 at Goonyella Riverside. Deployment at both sites is expected to be completed early in CY2022. BMC owns and operates two open-cut metallurgical coal mines in the Bowen Basin – South Walker Creek Mine and Poitrel Mine. BMC is owned by BHP (80 per cent) and Mitsui and Co (20 per cent). South Walker Creek Mine is located on the eastern flank of the Bowen Basin, 35 kilometres west of the town of Nebo and 132 kilometres west of the Hay Point port facilities. Poitrel Mine is situated southeast of the town of Moranbah and began open-cut operations in October 2006. World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

In the nine months ending 31 March 2021, Queensland Coal achieved record underground coal mined at Broadmeadow and record annual production at Caval Ridge and Poitrel. In September last year BHP signed a renewable power purchasing agreement to meet half of its electricity needs across its Queensland Coal mines from low emissions sources, including solar and wind. The agreement will help BHP reduce emissions from electricity use in its Queensland operations by 50 per cent by 2025, based on FY2020 levels. The agreement, with Queensland’s state-owned clean energy generator and retailer CleanCo, will run for five years from 1 January 2021. The agreement is the first of its kind signed by BHP in Australia and follows the company’s shift to 100 per cent renewables in its Chilean operations at Escondida and Spence from the mid-2020s. It will also support the development of new solar

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and wind farms in Queensland – the Western Downs Green Power Hub due for completion in late 2022, and Karara Wind Farm due for completion in early 2023.

in the short term, but overall increased realised value. Truck productivity improvements were delivered in the second half of FY2020, enabling a step-change improvement across the company’s mining fleets.

New South Wales Energy Coal

BHP is seeking approval for the Mt Arthur Coal mine to continue operating beyond 30 June 2026, when the current open-cut approval expires. As well as a new mining lease, New State Significant Development (SSD) and Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act approvals are required for operations to continue beyond 30 June 2026.

New South Wales Energy Coal consists of the Mt Arthur Coal open-cut energy coal mine in the Hunter Valley region of New South Wales, which produces coal for domestic and international customers in the energy sector. Operated by Hunter Valley Energy Coal Pty Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of BHP, Mt Arthur Coal is approximately five kilometres south of the town of Muswellbrook, with workforce of around 2,000 people who predominantly live in the region. During FY2020, NSWEC transitioned to a strategy of optimising product quality, which resulted in a reduction in volumes and an increase in unit costs

The multi-year approval process will involve comprehensive assessment and review, and broad engagement to enable the local community and other key stakeholders to provide input. As announced in August 2020, however, BHP is

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assessing options to divest its thermal coal assets, including Mt Arthur Coal, to focus its portfolio on higher quality metallurgical coal, which means Mt Arthur Coal’s ownership or operating control could change before the continuation project is fulfilled.

Cerrejón BHP also has a one-third interest in Cerrejón, which owns, operates and markets one of the world’s largest opencut export energy coal mines, located in the La Guajira province of Colombia. Cerrejón also owns and operates integrated rail and port facilities through which the majority of production is exported to European, Asian, North and South American customers. Production at Cerrejón decreased by 50 per cent in the nine months to 31 March 2021, largely as a result of a 91-day strike in the first half of the year and subsequent delays to the restart of

production, as well as the impact of a reduced operational workforce due to Covid-19 restrictions.

NICKEL All of BHP’s nickel operations (mines, concentrators, a smelter and refinery) are located in Western Australia, where Nickel West is a fully integrated mineto-market nickel business. Low-grade disseminated sulphide ore is mined from Mt Keith, a large openpit operation. The ore is crushed and processed on-site to produce nickel concentrate. High-grade nickel sulphide ore is mined at Cliffs and Leinster underground mines and Rocky’s Reward open-pit mine. The ore is processed through a concentrator and dryer at Leinster. Nickel West’s concentrator plant in Kambalda processes ore and concentrate purchased from third parties.

The three streams of nickel concentrate come together at the Nickel West Kalgoorlie smelter, which uses a flash furnace to smelt concentrate to produce nickel matte. Nickel West Kwinana then refines granulated nickel matte from the Kalgoorlie smelter into premium-grade nickel powder and briquettes containing 99.8 per cent nickel. Nickel matte and metal are exported to overseas markets via the Port of Fremantle. Over 75% of BHP’s nickel is now sold to global battery material suppliers. Nickel West is expected to complete construction soon of a nickel sulphate plant at the Kwinana nickel refinery, with first product due in the second half of FY2021. Nickel sulphate is used in the lithium-ion batteries that power electric vehicles. The Nickel West resource transition, involving the construction of three new mines, continued to progress during FY2020, with two of these mines now in World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

full production. The Mt Keith satellite mine (Yakabindie) entered production in December 2019 and is now the primary source of feed to the Mt Keith concentrator. The Venus underground mine transitioned to full production in September 2019, with ore hoisted to the Leinster concentrator. Leinster B11 (the first block cave to be developed by BHP, located beneath the Leinster underground mine) is expected to commence the undercut phase during

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the first half of FY2021, providing increasing quantities of ore to the Leinster concentrator as the project progresses to full caving. Nickel West signed an agreement to acquire the Honeymoon Well development project on 19 June 2020 and the remaining 50 per cent interest in the Albion Downs North and Jericho exploration joint ventures, located approximately 50 kilometres from Mt Keith. Nickel West production increased by

“Nickel West is expected to complete construction soon of a nickel sulphate plant at the Kwinana nickel refinery, with first product due in the second half of FY2021”

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19 per cent to 67 kt as a result of major quadrennial maintenance shutdowns in the prior period and strong performance from the new mines. Production for the March 2021 quarter was impacted by the planned maintenance undertaken at the Kwinana refinery during the quarter. Guidance for the 2021 financial year remains unchanged at between 85 and 95 kt. BHP announced its intention in February this year to reduce emissions from electricity use by up to 50 per cent

at the Nickel West Kwinana Refinery. A 10 year renewable power purchasing agreement has been signed with Risen Energy to supply up to 50 per cent of its electricity needs at the Kwinana Refinery from Merredin Solar Farm. “We have established significant renewable power supply agreements for our Kwinana nickel refinery, Queensland Coal operations, and Escondida and Spence copper mines,” said Mike Henry. “With our focus on keeping our people safe, costs down and

productivity up, we are well positioned to finish the year strongly and continue delivering the essential products the world needs.”

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Kingsrose Mining chooses financial software from Infor SunSystems

old production and exploration company Kingsrose Mining has selected Infor SunSystems and Sapphire Anywhere as its new financials platform. The cloud-based solution, which will be deployed by Infor partner Sapphire Systems, is set to add rigour, intelligence and scale to the mining specialist’s financials, optimising planning and protecting profitability. With an 85% interest in the Way Linggo Project in South Sumatra, Indonesia, Kingsrose is currently producing high-grade low-cost gold from open cut operations at the main site, while exploring the possibility of establishing open cut activities and reengineering underground operations at the Taleng Santo Mine, also in Indonesia. With a focus on continuous

“Having used, and been disappointed by, some of the large ERP platforms, we had no hesitation in opting for Infor SunSystems to manage our global financials” improvement and efficiency of operations, Kingsrose selected Infor SunSystems via Sapphire Systems to replace its legacy accounting software and Excel-based processes, and deliver

a modern, robust, scalable financials platform to support business growth. The selection was based on the executive team’s previous experience with Infor SunSystems and a huge amount of confidence in the platform. “Having used, and been disappointed by, some of the large ERP platforms, we had no hesitation in opting for Infor SunSystems to manage our global financials,” comments Mark Smith, Kingsrose Mining CFO. “In this industry, we often have a need to expand quickly as a new project is launched or new mine opened, and having a system that can flex to support this is hugely valuable. Poor systems can equate to millions being lost in profits. Therefore, having the right capabilities is paramount to mitigate risk and maximise returns.”

Falcon commences work at Gaspard Gold Project

alcon Gold Corp has commenced field work on its Gaspard Gold Project near Spences Bridge, BC. The property comprises three mineral claims, covering 3,955 hectares in the Clinton Mining District of central British Columbia. The property covers similar geology to the Spences Bridge Gold Belt that hosts Westhaven Gold Corp’s Shovelnose gold project and the Blackdome Zone gold-silver deposit owned by Tempus Resources.

The company will be conducting prospecting, field reconnaissance mapping and sampling. The objective will be to delineate and constrain the styles of gold mineralization and assess the geological setting. “We are excited to initiate boots on the ground sampling and mapping at the Gaspard Gold Project,” said Karim Rayani, Falcon’s Chief Executive Officer. “The SBGB is a highly prospective, underexplored gold belt that has proven

to host high-grade gold and silver veins. Historical stream and soil sediment sampling has highlighted a large anomalous area that warrants follow-up. We look forward to receiving the results of this highly anticipated exploration program.” The property has year-round, all-season road access with a good network of active logging roads. The City of Williams Lake located 60 kilometres northeast of the property. World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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Pueblo Viejo in agreement on independent tailings study

arrick Pueblo Viejo and its key stakeholders have agreed on independent government-led oversight of the strategic environmental and social impact assessment studies for the new tailings storage facility. The facility forms part of an expansion project that will require an initial new investment by Pueblo Viejo of $1.3 billion, and is key to the mine continuing to operate beyond 2021. It could extend the Tier One mine’s life to beyond 2040, supporting annual production in excess of 800,000 ounces. The agreement comes after more than a year of engagement with the communities that could be directly or indirectly affected by the proposed facility and is an important step towards starting fieldwork and advancing the permitting process. The independent investigation will be conducted by a leading international firm of specialists and run in parallel with Barrick’s engineering and environmental studies. The studies will ensure that the applicable environmental standards and regulations are complied with, including actions for the protection of surface water and groundwater, biodiversity and cultural heritage.

“The expansion project has the potential to allow Pueblo Viejo to convert approximately 9 million ounces of measured and indicated resources to proven and probable reserves” “The expansion project has the potential to allow Pueblo Viejo to convert approximately 9 million ounces of measured and indicated resources to proven and probable reserves,” says Barrick president and chief executive Mark Bristow. “At Barrick we have a commitment to responsible mining and transparency, so we welcome such initiatives. From 2013 to July 2021, Barrick Pueblo Viejo has paid more than $2.9 billion in direct and indirect taxes and last year its exports accounted for 37% of the total national asset exports. Barrick has also

started work on a local agribusiness development which will be integrated into the tailings facility and create a further benefit for the community,” he said. Bristow said that with the expansion project, Pueblo Viejo’s total economic contribution to the Dominican government in direct and indirect taxes is expected to be over $9 billion from the beginning of commercial production in 2013 through the extended life of mine beyond 2040. Pueblo Viejo is the Dominican Republic’s largest corporate taxpayer. “Pueblo Viejo has had a significant positive environmental, social and economic impact in the country and we hope that this will continue for many years to come. Our purpose is to continue contributing to the social and economic development of the country, while applying our sustainability vision which is to create long-term value for all our stakeholders, including the governments and people of our host countries,” said Bristow. Pueblo Viejo is operated by the Pueblo Viejo Dominicana Corporation — a joint venture between Barrick (60%) and Newmont (40%). World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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news

Otso Gold to restart production in Finland

tso Gold Corp has announced the execution of its mining contract with E Hartikainen Oy, for the provision of all mining services at the Otso Gold Mine for a term of three years. Machinery for mining has begun to be mobilized to site in advance of the start of mining in September. “The company is pleased to have partnered with Hartikainen at the

Otso Gold Mine and looks forward to working together,” said Brian Wesson, president and CEO. “The execution of the mining contract is an important milestone towards the start of production next month.” Arto Hartikainen, managing director of Hartikainen, said, “We are very happy with Otso Gold Mine’s partnership and we are starting preparation work right

away. Safety, quality and productivity will play a key role in the development of our services at the Otso Gold Mine.” Otso Gold wholly owns the Otso Gold Mine near the town of Raahe in Finland. The mine is fully built, fully permitted, has all infrastructure in place, two open pits and is progressing towards a restart at 2 million tonnes per annum throughput.

Silver One commences drilling at Cherokee Project in Nevada

ilver One Resources has commenced a 1,500-metre diamond drilling program on its 100% owned Cherokee Project in eastern Nevada, USA. Cherokee is a district-sized exploration play with multiple epithermal vein targets that have never been drill tested, plus excellent discovery potential for additional mineralized systems within the company’s extensive property

holdings. The current drilling will test rich silver-copper-gold epithermal vein targets, both along-strike and to depth, on patented claims overlying the past producing Cherokee and Southeast Cherokee historic workings. Additional drilling of veins and targets outside patented land, but still within the company’s claims, is planned for 2022 following environmental permitting. Surface sampling along the Cherokee

vein system has returned multiple select surface samples in the 100’s g/t silver range, with highs of 954 g/t silver and 4.8% copper at Cherokee, and 1,163 g/t silver and 4.3% copper with strongly elevated gold on the Southeast Cherokee vein. These veins have been traced on the patented claims alone for over 1.75 km along strike and are known to extend off the patents to both the northwest and southeast.

World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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Fortescue’s autonomous haul fleet surpasses two billion tonne milestone

ortescue Metals Group’s autonomous haul fleet has marked a significant milestone moving two billion tonnes of material, doubling the amount hauled since reaching the one billion tonne milestone in September 2019. In 2012, Fortescue was the first in the world to deploy Caterpillar’s autonomous haulage technology on a commercial scale at its Solomon Hub operations, and the multi-class fleet has since expanded across the company’s Pilbara operations with a total of 193 autonomous trucks now in operation. “Fortescue is a leader in the implementation of autonomous haulage across our iron ore operations,” said Fortescue CEO Elizabeth Gaines. “Our fleet represents one of the largest in the world, with 79 trucks currently in operation at Solomon, 74 at Christmas Creek and 40 at Cloudbreak.

“Moving over two billion tonnes of material without a driver at the wheel is a significant milestone” “Moving over two billion tonnes of material without a driver at the wheel is a significant milestone and a reflection of Fortescue’s ongoing commitment to increasing operational efficiency through technology and innovation. “Most importantly, the introduction of AHS technology has led to significant safety improvements for our team members, with our fleet safely travelling

over 70 million kilometres to date – the equivalent of 91 return trips to the moon.” The continued expansion of autonomous capability across the business has demonstrated that autonomy doesn’t need to be at the expense of jobs, with the transition to autonomous haulage providing significant new opportunities for Fortescue’s workforce through the provision of training and redeployment to new roles. “Significantly, the adoption of autonomous haulage has allowed us to relocate many traditional site-based roles to our integrated operations centre in Perth,” said Ms Gaines, “providing opportunities for parents and women in particular to remain engaged in our workforce. Today, almost 50 per cent of our workforce in the Fortescue Hive are women.” World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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news

SGS constructing new, state-of-the-art laboratory near Rotterdam “By continuing to invest in the laboratory’s facilities, we are committing to increase our operational excellence”

he SGS metals and minerals trade commodities group is building a new, state-of-the-art laboratory to meet rising demand for testing services. The expansion, which is expected to be completed by December 2021, will double the capacity and improve the turnaround time of current operations – ensuring a best-in-class service for all clients. The SGS laboratory in Spijkenisse,

near the port of Rotterdam in the Netherlands, already offers a broad range of testing services for the metals and minerals industry, including analyses on non-ferrous and ferrous products such as ores, industrial minerals, concentrates, intermediate products and high purity metals. Services include sample preparation, TML/FMP, wet chemistry analysis, XRF, ICP OES, AAS, electrogravimetry and fire assay.

“By continuing to invest in the laboratory’s facilities, we are committing to increase our operational excellence and provide our customers with fast and wide-ranging testing services,” said Frans van Croonenborg, SGS Business Manager Natural Resources, Minerals Commodities, Benelux and Germany. “Our employees are excited about the new facility and SGS’s continued commitment to offer the latest technologies to the global industry.”

First gold pour at Segilola Gold Mine for Thor Explorations

he first gold pour from Thor Explorations’ Segilola Gold Mine in Osun State, Nigeria, took place on the morning of 30 July 2021. The process plant ramp up will continue over the next six weeks with commercial production targeted for September. At commercial production, the plant will run at a processing rate of 715,000 tonnes per annum, targeting c.85,000 ounces of gold per annum. “The first gold pour at Segilola, our

first mine and the first commercial gold mine in Nigeria, is a significant achievement for the company,” said Segun Lawson, President & CEO. “This mine has been built in line with the budget and largely on schedule through a global pandemic. The Segilola mine is a high-grade, open pit mine that has a projected life of mine all in sustaining cost of $685 per ounce, providing strong cash flows over the life of mine. “I want to take this opportunity to once again commend our team’s

commitment and hard work in achieving this milestone, especially given COVID-19 related restrictions. We look forward to hosting an on-site inauguration ceremony of Nigeria’s first commercial gold mine with state and federal authorities in the coming months.” Thor Explorations holds a 100% interest in the Segilola Gold Project and has a 70% economic interest in the Douta Gold Project in south-eastern Senegal. World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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Mako Mining declares commercial production effective 1 July 2021

M “The cash flow being generated at San Albino is providing the flexibility to begin repaying debt and continue funding an aggressive exploration program”

ako Mining Corp has declared commercial production at its high-grade San Albino gold mine in Nueva Segovia, northern Nicaragua, one of the highest-grade open pit gold mines in the world. All components of the 500 tonne per day gravity and carbon-in-leach processing plant have been fully operational since the beginning of May 2021. Since the processing of high-grade mineralization began on 12 May, the plant has been averaging 456 tonnes per day at 71% availability. Since this time, it has been exclusively processing high-grade diluted vein material with an average grade of 12.52 grams per tonne gold and recovering an average of 96.3%. These levels of plant and mine throughputs are above the thresholds required for Mako to declare commercial production and after averaging these levels for 50 days, the company has declared commercial production effective 1 July 2021. Mako’s cash balance has materially improved since the start of May and

commencement of debt repayment, in addition to the ongoing funding of exploration expenditures, is expected later this month. Looking forward, mining of the Porcelana Zone has commenced and the company expects to begin blending the diluted vein material with historical dump material and other mineralized material above cut-off grade towards the end of the month. “This operating update highlights the extraordinary grades being mined and processed at San Albino even prior to reaching commercial production,” said Akiba Leisman, CEO of Mako. “Now that we have declared commercial production and have started mining at the Porcelana Zone, a zone with the highest grade-thickness profile encountered at San Albino, we expect to continue delivering similar operating results to those released today. Most importantly, the cash flow being generated at San Albino is providing the flexibility to begin repaying debt and continue funding an aggressive exploration program.” World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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FLSmidth to acquire thyssenkrupp’s mining business

LSmidth and thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG have reached an agreement for FLSmidth to acquire thyssenkrupp’s mining business for a total consideration of EUR325 million, corresponding to approximately DKK2.4 billion. Closing of the transaction is expected in H2 2022 and is subject to customary approvals from relevant authorities. TK Mining is a leading full-line supplier of solutions for mining systems, material handling, mineral processing and services, which is highly complementary to FLSmidth’s offering. TK Mining has an asset light business model and is present in 24 countries with engineering and global service centres, and has close to 3,400 employees. A combination of the two companies will create a leading global mining technology provider with operations from pit to plant, extending strategic customer relationships with a complementary product offering and customer base as well as improved geographic coverage. Furthermore, TK Mining’s extensive active installed base, together with FLSmidth’s strong existing service setup, will provide additional aftermarket opportunities, while the joint R&D

“This is a truly transformational deal allowing us to accelerate our growth ambitions in mining by creating a stronger talent pool and one of the world’s largest and strongest suppliers to the mining industry” capabilities and combined portfolio will enable accelerated innovation in digitalisation and MissionZero solutions. “TK Mining and FLSmidth are a perfect match,” said Thomas Schulz, Group CEO of FLSmidth, “and I am proud to announce this agreement to join forces. This is a truly transformational deal allowing us to

accelerate our growth ambitions in mining by creating a stronger talent pool and one of the world’s largest and strongest suppliers to the mining industry. Our complementary customer base and improved geographic coverage will offer a strong value proposition to our customers. “There is a significant opportunity in transforming TK Mining towards FLSmidth’s business mix and model in which higher margin service business makes up about 60% of revenue. I look forward to welcoming TK Mining’s management team and talented staff to our organisation.” Martina Merz, Group CEO of thyssenkrupp AG, agreed. “FLSmidth is an excellent owner and a very good new home for our mining activities. The companies have a strong cultural fit and are a good match: the business models are comparable; the technologies complement each other well. The result is a world-leading technology provider from pit to plant. This is also a great opportunity for our employees. The merged new company will be able to drive innovation and digitalisation even faster and will increasingly focus on sustainability and ways to reduce environmental footprint.” World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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mining equipment rentals

GEA Group Peter-Müller-Str. 12 40468 Düsseldorf Germany Tel +49 211 9136-0 chemical@gea.com GEA is one of the largest supplier for process technology and components for sophisticated production processes for many industries worldwide. Across a broad range of mining and mineral operations, GEA offers technologies, equipment & services in evaporation and crystallization, drying, cooling, calcining and conditioning, classification, thickening and dewatering, crud treatment and solvent extraction and wastewater management.

United Mining Rentals (UMR) was born out of a specific niche in the market for both short and longer term rentals for both new and used, Sandvik & Getman equipment for both underground & surface mining and also tunnelling applications. Coupled with +35 years of experience in the mining business, UMR provides both sales and rental of new & used mobile equipment for various mining & tunnelling operations across the world. In addition, our sister company, QME Mining Services Division (which operates as an International mining and tunnelling contractor), also operates a large fleet of predominately Sandvik equipment.

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mineral processing

Salter Cyclones Salter Cyclones specialises in fine solids removal with its own Hydrocyclones and Multi-Gravity Separators. These achieve powerful and precise separations in practical, compact, reliable, operator friendly and economic systems. Salter Cyclones Limited Tel: + 44 1242 697771 Fax: + 44 1242 690895 Email: sales@saltercyclones.com Web: www.saltercyclones.com

MINPRO

MINPRO International have subsidiary offices in 4 countries all of which have the same business, supplying mineral processing equipment and engineering for the mineral processing industry worldwide. Our main products are AKER Flotation Machines; Hydraulic Roller Mills, Semi Mobile Modular Concentrators, Hydro Cyclone Batteries as well as Polyurethane wear parts for the mineral processing industry. We deliver complete new mineral processing installations, renovation and upgrade existing mineral processing plants, retrofitting the AKER flotation mechanisms in existing flotation machines as well as engineering services and consultancy

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mining technology

Adrok is a cutting edge service technology company headquartered in Edinburgh, Scotland, with exclusive global patents to Atomic Dielectric Resonance (ADR) imaging technology. This innovative technology has been developed for use in Oil and Gas, Mining and Civil Engineering sectors. Adrok’s technology has been used in several projects around the world to explore the sub-surface geology and locate accurately and identify precisely the fluids present at great depths providing high resolution without drilling the underground. This subsurface imaging scanner generates ‘virtual borehole’ logs of subsurface geology from the surface. It is lightweight, field rugged and portable, to enable cost-effective mobilisation.

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World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

131

world mining directory process water treatment

software

Formed in 1997, Canary Systems provides integrated geo-monitoring solutions for a broad range of mining applications, including open pit, tailings, SW-EX, and underground. We help clients better manage risk, monitor performance, and increase the safety of their operations by tying together the loose ends: the hardware required for automatic or semi-automatic data acquisition – and the software to collect, store, and analyze data in a simple and efficient way on a single combined powerful platform. We provide turnkey solutions – including system architecture, hardware and software development, telemetry, and instrumentation – as well as individual components customized to and augmenting existing project needs.

Canary Systems, Inc. Mining Group 4732 Oracle Road, Suite 112 Tucson, AZ 85705 USA Tel: 520.887.9800 info@canarysystems.com www.canarysystems.com

Salter Cyclones specialises in fine solids removal with its own Hydrocyclones and Multi-Gravity Separators. These achieve powerful and precise separations in practical, compact, reliable, operator friendly and economic systems.

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scales & weighing equipment

IVAC Industrial Vacuum Systems Ltd., manufactures a powerful pneumatic powered vacuum/ delivery system that allows you to pick-up and deliver your most difficult materials. The materials can be wet or dry including gravel, sand, slimes, sludge’s and water. The powerful, virtually maintenance free vacuum system is able to deliver the materials short or long distances, even up too kilometres through a pipeline or hose. Its is ideal for sump & ditch clean-up, tanks, under conveyors, around crushers and mills anywhere shovels, vacuum trucks or water hoses are being used for your clean-ups today!

Contact: Brad Fryburger Brad.Fryburger@rinstrum.com +1 248 680 0320 Website: www.rinstrum.com

World Mining Magazine www.ogsmag.com

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World Mining Magazine

Articles inside

FLSmidth to acquire thyssenkrupp’s mining business

Mako Mining declares commercial production effective 1 July 2021

SGS constructing new, state-of-the-art laboratory near Rotterdam • First gold pour at Segilola Gold Mine for Thor Explorations

Newmont Corporation First among equals

BHP: Performance & development

Coronet Metals US A revolution in mineral processing

Kingsrose Mining chooses financial software from Infor SunSystems • Falcon commences work at Gaspard Gold Project

Freeport McMoRan: Foremost in Copper

Otso Gold to restart production in Finland • Silver One commences drilling at Cherokee Project in Nevada

Pueblo Viejo in agreement on independent tailings study

MAXAM Tire: Driving business forward