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`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
3 Bhagavanmarum Bhagavathimarum Essays (Malayalam)
Author: Abraham Thomas Kovoor Translation and Editing: Joseph Edamaruku First edition: 1982 First IAP ebook edition : 2020 Published by Indian Atheist Publishers (Malayalam Division) For ordering copies of print edition of the Complete works of Kovoor in Malayalam language (Published by Indian Atheist Publishers) send SMS or Whatsapp message to : +91 97111 88940 Email: IAP@rationalsts.net Copyright Š 2020 by Indian Atheist Publishers Except brief quotations for book reviews or critical appraisals, no part of this book may be uploaded, posted, forwarded, reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. For permissions, contact IAP@rationalists.net INDIAN ATHEIST PUBLISHERS
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`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw F{_lmw tXmakv tImhqÀ ]cn`mjbpw FUnänwKpw
tPmk^v CSadpIv
IAP e-book `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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F{_lmw tXmakv tImhqÀ P\\w 1898 G{]n 10þ\v tIcf¯nse XncphÃbv¡Sp¯pff s\Sp{¼¯v. amÀtXm½m k`bpsS Øm]Icnsemcmfpw hnImcn P\dmepambncp¶ Abv]p tXmam I¯\mcpsS H³]Xp a¡fn F«mas¯bmÄ. 1919þ kv¡qÄss^\ ]mkmbn. 1921þ _wKmfnse skdm¼qÀ tImtfPnepw 1923 apX sIm¡¯bnse _wK_mkn tImtfPnepambn bqWnthgvknddn hnZym`ymkw. 1924þ ]pXp¸Ånbnse C«n PUvPnbpsS ]p{Xn A¡ (Ipª½)bpambn hn hmlnX\mbn. GI ]p{X³ Gdokv tImhqÀ ]mcoknse tkmÀt_m¬ kÀhIemimebn _tbm kb³kv s{]m^kdmbncp¶p. 1925þ tImgt©cn sslkv¡qfn A[ym]I \mbn. 1927þ tIm«bs¯ kn.Fw.Fkv. tImtfPn kkyimkv{X A[ym]I\mbn tNÀ¶p. 1928þ Pm^v\m tImtfPn A[ym ]I\mbn {ioe¦bnse¯n (A¶v kntem¬). XpSÀ¶v kntem¬ ]ucXzw kzoIcn¨p. 1943 apX 1947 hsc Kmfnse dn¨vavv tImtfPn A[ym]I³. 1947 apX 1953 hsc ehv\nbbnse skâv tXmakv tImtfPn kkyimkv{X hIp¸nsâ A[y£³. a\ximkv `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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{X¯n X¸c\mhp¶Xv C¡me¯mWv. 1953þ ]pXpXmbn Bcw`n¨ tXgvkvdd¬ tImtfPn t_m«Wn s{]m^kdmbn. 1959þ dn«bÀ sNbvXXn\p tijamWv bpànhmZn kwLw {]hÀ¯\§fn kPohamIp¶Xv. A ¡mew apX 1978þ acn¡p¶Xphsc At±l ambncp¶p {ioe¦m bpànhmZnkwL¯nsâ {]knUâv. sImfwt_mbnse tImhqcnsâ hoSmbncp¶p kwL¯nsâ BØm\w.
F{_lmw tXmakv tImhqÀ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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DÅS¡w 1. ssIhnjw 11 2. Pohn¨ncnç¶hsâ t{]Xw 24 3. i{Xpkwlmctlmaw 43 4. t{]X§fpw tdmU]IS§fpw 60 5. t{]Xw t{]ançì! 71 6. B\adpX 86 7. Sw_vfÀ tPmXvkyw 96 8. kpc£nXImew hcp¯nh¨ hn\ 115 9. `Khm·mcpw `KhXnamcpw 130 10. kXykmbn_m_ 134 11. ]cnasse kzmanIÄ 176 12. Hcp kntem¬ `Khm³ 189 13. bqdn sKÃÀ 197 14. \oeIWvT_m_ 206 15. Xr{]bmÀ tbmKn\n 214 16. Hcp ssZh¯nsâ acWw 218 17. hnizmknIÄ¡v eqÀZpw amÀ]m¸m¡v tUmIvSdpw 224 18. {iohÅnbpsS AhXmcw 238 19. {ioinhtbmKn _mealmcmPv 247 20. KwKmPehpw AZv`pXtcmKim´nbpw 252 21. ]mWvUh]pcs¯ AZv`pX_me³ 269 `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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22. {]Xy£c£mssZhk`bpsS ]pXnb ssZhw 277 23. `£Ww Ign¡m¯ s{]mZpäqÀ kn²³ 283 24. ]pXnsbmcp aXØm]I³ 286 25. ZmZmPn 290 26. \_nbpsS hnip²tcmaw 293
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{ioe¦bnse (A¶v kntem¬) {]kn²oIcW§fn \mÀknkqkv F¶ XqenIm\ma¯n teJ\§Ä FgpXnbncp¶ F.Sn.tImhqcnsâ teJ\§Ä At±l¯nsâ icnbmb t]cn CSdpIv ]cn`mjs¸Sp¯n BZyw {]kn²oIcn¡p¶Xv 1962 emWv. XpSÀ¶v 1963 PqWn tIm«bs¯ Hcp thZnbn tImhqcnsâ bpànhmZn F¶ \nebnepÅ C³Uybnse BZys¯ {]kwKw CSadpIv kwLSn¸n¨p. B aoänwKnsâ thZnbn CSadpIv, hÀ¡n im´nØm³ (kntem¬ dmjWenÌv Atkmkntbjsâ BZy {]knUâv), F.Sn.tImhqÀ, A¡m tImhqÀ (tImhqcnsâ ]Xv\n) F¶nhÀ.
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1 ssIhnjw \mep Znhkw \op\n¶ Hcp XethZ\tbm sSbmWv kckzXn¡v AkpJw Bcw`n¨Xv. Xe thZ\ amdnbt¸mÄ ]{Xhmb\ AhÄs¡mcp {`m´pt]mse Bbn. DWÀ¶ncnç¶ kaba {Xbpw hnSÀ¯n]nSn¨ Hcp ]{Xhpambn AhÄ Itkcbn Ccnçw. t\cw shfp¯m cm{Xn bmIp¶Xphsc hcm´bn Htc Ccn¸pXs¶. ]t£, B ]{Xw AhÄ hmbn¨ncp¶nÃ. AXn sâ Htc t]Pn þ Htc JÞnIbntem hm¡n temXs¶ þ t\m¡n AhÄ Ccpì. F{X \nÀ _Ôn¨n«pw Blmcw Ign¡m³ t]mepw A hÄ Iq«m¡nbnÃ. A½ ]nSn¨phen¨psImp t]msb¦nepw kckzXn Blmcw Ign¨nÃ. G Xm\pw Znhk§ÄsImv AhÄ £oWnçI bpw hÃmsX hnfdpIbpw sNbvXp. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Pm^v\m tKÄkv kv¡qfnse kaÀ°bmb Hcp hnZymÀ°n\nbmbncpì kckzXn. AhÄ tIw{_nUvPv Pq\nbÀ ¢mkn ]Tnç¶ Ime ¯v, AhfpsS ktlmZc³ Ikzman sXm« Sp¯p Xs¶bpÅ t_mbvkv kv¡qfn tIw {_nUvPv ko\nbdn\p ]TnçIbmbncpì. Ah cpsS ]nXmhv cma\mY³ At¸mÄ sImfwt_m bnse Hcp Kh¬saâv Hm^okn ¢mÀ¡mWv. At±lw AhnsS shÅhs« F¶ Øes¯m cp hoSph¨ncpì. IkzmanbpsS ]co£ Ign ªmepSs\ IpSpw_klnXw B ho«nteç Xmakw amäWsaì \nivNbn¨ncnçIbmbncp ì AhÀ. kckzXnbpsS hnZym`ymkw cma\m Y\p {]iv\ambncp¶nÃ. sImfwt_mbnteç Xmakw amänbmepSs\ Ahsf hnhmlw sN¿n ¨psImSp¡Wsa¶mbncpì At±l¯nsâ ]v fm³. 1945þ cma\mY\pw IpSpw_hpw sImfwt_m bnteç Xmakw amän. Ikzman bqWnth gvknänbn tNÀì ]Tn¨p. imkv{X¯n Hm tWgvkv _ncpZsaSp¯p. Hcp hntZi I¼\n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bn FIvknIyq«ohmbn A[nIw XmaknbmsX AbmÄ \nbanX\mhpIbpw sNbvXp. kckzXn ]Tn¯w \ndp¯n. hnhmlhpw {] Xo£n¨p Ignbpt¼mÄ 1947þ BWv AhÄ¡v BZyambn Cu AkpJw DmIp¶Xv. Bcw` ¯n AhÄ ]ndp]ndpçIbpw CSbv¡nsS s]m«n¨ncnçIbpw sN¿pambncpì. sshIp t¶c§fn hÀ¯am\w ]dbphm³ A¡m e¯v Ikzman Znhkhpw Fsâ ho«n hcn I ]Xnhmbncpì. Hcp Znhkw AbmÄ ktlm ZcnbpsS AkpJs¯¸än Ft¶mSp ]dbpI bpw Ahsf Hì kµÀin¡Wsa¶v Bhiy s¸SpIbpw sNbvXp. kuIcywt]mse Ahsf sImphcm³ Rm³ ]dªp. ASp¯ Znhkw Xs¶ Ikzman ktlmZcntbbpw ANvO \½amscbpw Iq«ns¡mv Fsâ ho«n hì. kckzXnbpsS amXm]nXm-¡sfbpw ktlmZc s\bpw kµÀiIapdnbnencp¯nbn«v Rm\pw Ip ª½bpwIqSn AIs¯ apdnbnÂh¨v Ahtfm Sp kwkmcn¨p. kab¯p hnhmlw sN¿m³ Ignbm¯¯nepÅ DXv¡WvTbpw hnjahp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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amWv kckzXnbpsS at\mtcmK¯n\v ImcW sa¶v F\nç hyIvXambn. B hnhcw Rm³ cma\mYt\mSp Xpdì ]dbpIbpw sNbvXp. ] t£ AhÀç Xr]vXn h¶nÃ. cma\mYsâ Hm^oknse Hcp Aknkväâv ¢mÀ¡v cLp]Xn AZv`pXkn²nIfpÅ Hcp k\ymknsb¸än At±lt¯mSp ]dªp. tUm IvSÀamÀ Dt]£n¨ At\Iw tcmKnIsf ‘Znhy i IvXn’sImv kpJs¸Sp¯nb HcmfmWv Cu kn²³ F¶v cLp]Xn Øm]n¨p. Hcn¡- Hcp am\yIpSpw_¯nse AwKs¯ ImWmXm bn. _Ôp¡fpw t]meokpw At\zjn¨n«v Hsc ¯pw ]nSnbpw In«nbnÃ. Ahkm\w AhÀ kn ²s\ Ip. ZqscbpÅ \Kc¯nse Hcp tlm «en C{Xmw \¼À apdnbn B BÄ Pohn ¨ncnçì Fì kn²³ ]dªpshìw sNì t\m¡nbt¸mÄ BÄ B apdnbnÂXs¶ Dm bncpìshìw cLp]Xn ]dªp. C{Xbpw tI «t¸mÄ cma\mY\v hnizmkambn. DSs\ Xs¶ kn²s\ Iq«ns¡mphcm³ At±lw cLp] Xnsb NpaXes¸Sp¯n. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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]ntä Znhkw cmhnseXs¶ cLp]Xn kn² s\bpw sImp hì. kµÀiIapdnbnse I tkcbn shÅhkv{Xw hncn¨v cma\mY³ B Znhy]pcpjs\ Ccp¯n. XmSnbpw XeapSnbpw hfÀ¯nb B kn²³ Hcp Imhn hkv{XwsIm v tZlw ad¨ncpì. s\änbn Ip¦as¸m«pw ` kvaNµ\çdnbpw cp{Zm£amebpw DÅ B kn²\v Hät\m«¯n Bscbpw BIÀjn ¡m³ t]m¶ BImckujvThhpw Dmbncp ì. cma\mY³ aIfpsS tcmK hnhcw hniZam bn¯s¶ kn²t\mSp ]dªp. kckzXnsb hnfn¨v kn²³ ASp¯p\ndp¯n. At±lw GXm\pw an\näpItfmfw I®S¨v [ym\n¨ncp¶Xn\p tijw ]dªp: “s]¬Ip«n ¡v Akqb¡mcnbmb Hcp kv{Xo ssIhnjw sImSp¯XmWv. ]m\ob¯n IeÀ¯nbmWv AXp sImSp¯ncnç¶Xv. Hcp kÀ¸]qPsIm ÃmsX AXp ]pds¯Sp¯pIfbm³ km[y aÃ.”
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kckzXnsb AhfpsS apdnbnte¡v Ab¨ Xn\ptijw cma\mY\pw kn²\pw cLp]Xn bpwIqSn kÀ¸]qP \S¯p¶Xn\v Hcp XobXn \nivNbn¨p. AXn\mhiyamb km[\§fpsS Hcp \o ]«nI kn²³ sImSp¯p. AhÄ t]mbn¡gnªt¸mÄ Ikzman ]nXmhnt\mSp ]dªp. Cu kÀ¸]qPsImsmìw kckzXn bpsS tcmKw t`ZamhpIbnsöv. lnkväocnb bvç NnInXvknç¶ GsX¦nepw at\mtcmK hnZKv²s\ ImWpIbmWv t`Zsa¶v AbmÄ \nÀt±in¨p. ]t£, kn²sâ ZnhyiIvXnbn hnizmkapmbncp¶ cma\mY³ aIsâ D]tZ iw kzoIcn¨nÃ. cma\mY\pw ]Xv\nbpw At¸mÄ {ian¨psIm ncp¶Xv kckzXnç ssIhnjw sImSp¯ kv{Xosb Ip]nSn¡m\mWv. Ipsd t\cs¯ BtemN\bvçtijw cma\mYsâ Iq«¯n s]« Hcp kv{Xosb AhÀ kwibn¨p. GXm\pw amk§Äçap¼v AhcpsS ho«n cma\mY \pw IpSpw_hpw Hcp ]mÀ«nç t]mbncp¶Xpw AhÀ HmÀ¯p. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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“icnbmWv, AhÀXs¶bmWv Cu t{Zmlw sNbvXXv.” anknkv cma\mY³ XoÀ¯p]dªp. “\½psS aI\v AhfpsS aIsâ b{Xbpw ]Tn ¯tabpÅqsh¦nepw Ah\v IqSpX i¼f apÅXp sImp AhÄç henb Akqbbp v.” `mhnbn cp IpSpw_§fpambn bm sXmcp _Ôhpw ASp¸hpw ths¶v AhÀ \nivNbn¨p. \nivNbn¨ncp¶ Znhkw Xs¶ kn²³ kÀ ¸]qP \S¯m³ sNì. ]qPm{Zhy§Ä Hcp k©nbn At±lw sImph¶ncpì. ]qPbv çthn {]tXyIw Hcp¡nb apdnbn At± lw N{¼w]Snªncpì. ap¼n cp hmgbn ebpw \nc¯nh¨p. ]n¯fsImpÅ Hcp Ip Sw AXnsâ \Sphn h¨p. Hcp tX§m apdn sImmWv AXnsâ hmbS¨ncp¶Xv sXm«pX s¶ Hcp \ne hnfçw I¯n¨ph¨p. Acn, tNmdv, hmg¸gw, Hcp N«nbn Ipsd ]m þC{X bpambncpì ]qPbv¡v Hcp¡nbncp¶ aäpkm [\§Ä. Ah Cebn \nc¯nbXn\ptijw ]m¼nsâ BIrXnbnepÅ Hcp XSn¡jWsa `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Sp¯p ]m¨«n¡Sp¯p \ndp¯n. kn²sâ ap ¼n DbcwIpdª Hcp kväqfn kckzXnsb Ccp¯n. GXmv Ccp]Xpan\näp kabw XpSÀ ¨bmbn kn²³ a{´w sNmÃns¡mncpì. ]qPbpsS BZys¯ ]IpXn kabw kwkvIr XivtfmI§Ä Dd¨p sNmÃnbXn\ptijw kn ²³ Xsâ tZhXbpambn clkykw`mjWw XpS§n. AXpIgnªv tZhX ]dª hnhcw AbmÄ ISemkn FgpXnh¨p. AXpIgnªv AbmÄ kckzXnbpsS hbänÂ\nìw ssIhn jw ]pds¯Sp¡m\pÅ {iaambn. kpKÔ{Zhy§Ä I¯n¨p kn²³ ]pI¨p; B ]pI apdnbnse§pw \ndªt¸mÄ AbmÄ a{´§Ä Dd¨psNmÃn. B a{´aÃmsX asämcp i_vZhpw AhnsS At¸mÄ tIÄ¡m\pmbn cp¶nÃ. kckzXn \nÀhnImcbmbn Ccpì. Kn ²³, kpKÔ{Zhy§Ä ]pIªpsImncp¶ ]m{XsaSp¯v aqì{]mhiyw AhfpsS Xeç Npäpw Id¡n. GXmv 30 C©p \ofw hcp¶ Hcp NcSv AbmÄ kckzXnbpsS ssIbn sImSp¯n«v Hcäw ISn¨p]nSn¡m³ ]dªp; `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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AhÄ A\pkcn¨p. kn²³ NcSnsâ atäbäw ]m¨«nbnen«p. a{´¯nsâ i_vZw DbÀì. CXn\nSbn k©nbnÂ\nìw Ipsd apøq ¡Ä FSp¯v AbmÄ kckzXnbpsS Xebnte ¡n«p. AXn\ptijw Cebn h¨ncp¶ ]qPm {Zhy§fnseÃmw (]mÂN«nbnepÄs¸sS) Hmtcm ]qhv AÀ¸n¨p. XSnsImpÅ kÀ¸hn{Klw FSp¯v kckzXnbpsS apJt¯mSv ASp¸n¨n«v ]m¨«nbnte¡v hoin. C§s\ Aåkabw Ignªp. AZv`pXIcsaì ]dbs«, Cu kab ¯v N«nbnse ]mensâ \ndw amdm³ XpS§n. {ItaW AXp ISpw\oe\ndambn. A©p an\n äpIgnªt¸mÄ kn²³ ]dªp. DÅnepm bncp¶ hnja{Xbpw ]pd¯pt]mbn¡gnªp sh¶v. kwibmephmb IkzmanbS¡w B apdnbnencp¶hscÃmw AZv`pXs¸«p. kckzXnsb Fgpt¶ån¨p\ndp¯n kn²³ AhfpsS Xebn ssIh¨v A\p{Kln¨p: “ta en \n\¡v bmsXmcp Ipg¸hpw DmhpI bnÃ.” `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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cma\mY\pw `mcybvçw kt´mjambn. A hÀ kn²sâ ASp¯psN¶v \µn ]dªp. apdn bn \n¶ the¡mcs\ hnfn¨v kn²³ B Úm]n¨p: “Cu hnjw\ndª ]m¨«n ]pdIphi¯p sImpt]mbn Ipgn¨paqSWw. heXpssIsIm v aqìssI NmWIsaSp¯v BZyw CXn CSWw. F¶n«v Hcp IpgnsbSp¯v AXn C sXmgn¡Ww. Cu kab¯v \o kqcy`Khmsâ t\scbÃmsX Cu N«nbn t\m¡cpXv. hnjw apgph³ Hgn¨n«v N«n s]m«n¨v B Ipgnbn X s¶ aqSntb¡Ww.” the¡mc³ ]m¨«nbpsaSp¯psImpt]m bt¸mÄ I kzmanbpw ]pdsI sNì. ]pd ¯nd§nbt¸mÄ AbmÄ the¡mcsâ I¿n \n¶v AXptaSn¨p apdnbn sImpt]mbn kq £n¨ph¨p. hnhcw BtcmSpw ]dbcpsX¶v the¡mscs\ i«w sI«pIbpw sNbvXp. kn²³ km[\§sfÃmw sI«ns¸dp¡n t]m Im³ Xbmdmbt¸mÄ cma\mY\pw `mcybpw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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At±l¯nsâbSp¯p sN¶v hW§n, F´p {]Xn^eamWv \ÂtIsXì Xmgvabmbn tNmZn¨p. “F\nç {]Xn^esamìw BhiyanÃ.” kn ²³ ]dªp. “Rm³ ssIsImv ]W¯n sXmSnÃ. F\n¡v Fs´¦nepw Xt¶Xocq Fì \nÀ_ÔamsW¦n Hcp Ccp]¯©pcq] k ©nbnent«çI.” cma\mY\pw `mcybvçw tXm¶n, B Znhy\v AXnÂIqSpX sImSp¡Wsa¶v, AhÀ A¼ Xpcq] aS¡n k©nbnen«p. Ikzman kn² s\ _kv kvtäm¸phsc A\pKan¨p. t]« _ kn AbmÄ t]mbn¡gnª DSs\ I kzman, auv ehn\nbm _kn Ibdn Fsâ ho«n h¶v Dmb hnhcsaÃmw ]dªp. Rm³ bphmhpsam¯v DSs\ cma\mYsâ ho«n se¯n. Ikzman kq£n¨ph¨ncp¶ ‘ssI hnjw’ \ndª ]m¨«n Rm³ ]cntim[n¨p. asämcp ]m{XsaSp¯v AXnte¡v \ndwamdnb ]m Rm³ Hgn¨p. ]IpXn Aenª Hcp ajn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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KpfnI B N«nbpsS ASnbn InS¶ncpì. Ikzman DSs\Xs¶ AbmfpsS ]nXmhns\ hnfn¨psImph¶v CXp ImWn¨psImSp¯p. A³]Xpcq] sImSp¯p \S¯nb kÀ¸ ]qP bpsS clkyw Adnªt¸mÄ cma\mY\v Dm b tIm]w hÀWn¡m\mhnÃ. t\ct¯Xs¶ kÀ¸]qPbn hnizmkanÃm bncp¶ Ikzman hfsc {i²n¨ncp¶n«pw kn ²³ I®psXän¨v ajnKpfnI ]menen«Xv apøq ¡fpsS IqsSbmWv. hfsc kaÀ°ambn kn ²³ ]m¨«nbn NmWIan«n«v, kqcys\ t\m ¡ns¡mv AXp Ipgn¨paqSm³ ]dªXv bmZr NvOnIambnt¸mepw ajnKpfnI {i²bn s]Sm Xncnç¶Xn\p thnbmWv. ‘ssIhnjw’ sImSp¯m amk§tfm hÀ j§tfm AXp hbän InSçsaìÅ [mcW imkv{X¯n\p \ncç¶XÃ. hmbneqsS Bam i¯nse¯p¶ hnjw HìIn hnkÀÖ\m hbh§Ä hgn ]pd¯pt]mIpw. Zln¡m¯Xm sW¦n A[nIw XmaknbmsX OÀ±n¨pt]m `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Ipw. ISp¯ hnj{ZmhIsas´¦nepw DÅn sN¶m BÄ acnçIbpw sN¿pw. AXp hb än InS¶v Iptdsi Ipg¸apmçsaì ]d bp¶Xp icnbÃ. cma\mY³ ]ntäìXs¶ cLp]XnbpsS klmbt¯msS kn²s\ Ip]nSn¨p. Ifn¸n s¨Sp¯ cq] apgph³ Xncn¨psImSp¯nsà ¦n t]meokn Gånçsa¶v At±lw `oj Wns¸Sp¯n. kn²³ £ambmN\tbmsS cq] Xncn¨p \ÂIn. Fsâ \nÀt±i{]Imcw kckz Xnsb Hcp at\mtcmKhnZKv[sâ ASp¡Â A b¨p NnInÕn¸n¨p. tcmKhnapIvXbmb AhÄ Ct¸mÄ k´pjvSamb Zm¼XyPohnXw \bn çì.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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2 Pohn¨ncnç¶hsâ t{]Xw Ignª bp²Ime¯mWv Cu kw`hw \S¶Xv. kntemWnse KmÄ Unkv{SnIvSnepÅ AIvana \bn kpµcnbpw kpioebpamb Hcp bphXn Xmakn¨ncpìþeoemhXn. B {Kma¯nse aäp kv{XoIÄ¡v Akqb DmI¯¡ PohnXco Xnbmbncpì AhfptSXv. aämÀçw CÃm¯Xp t]mse AhfpsS ssIbn Ft¸mgpw ]Ww Dmbncpì. AXp sNehgnç¶Xn\v AhÄ ç aSnbpmbncpìanÃ. {Kma§ÄtXmdpw km[\§Ä sImp\Sì hnÂç¶ aocm eº _p[\mgvNtXmdpw Ahn sS sN¶ncpì. Ae¦mchkvXp¡Ä, XpWn¯ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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c§Ä F¶nhbpsS Hcp \à D]t`mIvXmhmbn AbmÄ Ahsf IcpXn. eºbpsS {]XnhmckµÀi\w AbÂ]¡ ¯pÅ bphXnIfptSbpw s]¬Ip«nIfpsSbpw {i²bmIÀjn¨p. eºbpw sNdp¸¡mc\mb kmcYpwIqSn XÅns¡mphcp¶ B sNdnb hn¸oSnIbn Dmbncp¶ IuXpIhkvXp ¡Ä hm§p¶Xn\v AhcpsS km¼¯nI\ne A\phZnçambncp¶nÃ. F¦nepw B km[\ §Ä aXnhcpthmfw ImkzZn¡m\pw Ah XncsªSpç¶Xn eoemhXnsb klmbn ¡m\pw AhÀ Xbmdmbn. eoemhXnbpsS ]nXmhmb A¸plman KmÄ _kmdnse Hcp ]eNcçISbn skbnÂkv am\mbncpì. Znhtk\ AXncmhnse ISbn t]mbm cm{Xn H³]XpaWn¡mWv AbmÄ Xncn¨p hcp¶Xv. Ccp]¯n\mep hbkpÅ eo emhXnbpw ]¯phbkpÅ AhfpsS ktlm Zcn kncnbhXnbpw IqSnbmWv ho«ptPmenIÄ sNbvXncp¶Xv. eoemhXnbpsS A½ acn¨Xn\p `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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tijw A¸plman Hcp hnhmlwIqSn Ign¨p. AXn Dmb aIfmWv kncnb hXn. Ahsf {]khn¨tXmsS A¸plmanbpsS cmw `mcy bpw A´cn¨p. A½bnÃm¯ ktlmZcnsb h fÀt¯ NpaXeIqSn A§s\ eoemhXnç hìtNÀì. B {Kma¯nse Hcp IÀjIsâ ]p{X\mb tkma]me³ Fs¶mcp bphmhv sP. Fkv. kn. ]co£bn tXmäXn\ptijw A¸plman tPm ensNbvXncp¶ ]eNcçISbn Pq\nbÀ ¢mÀ ¡mbn tPmenbn {]thin¨p. ]gb Nne kl ]mTnItfmsSm¸w ]«mf¯n tNcm\pÅ k¶ ²kwL¯n tkma]me\pw t]cp sImSp¯n cpì. C¡me¯mWv tkma]me\pw eoemhXn bpw X½nepÅ hnhmlw \S¶Xv. hnhmlm\ ´cw tkma]me³ eoemhXnbpsS ho«n Xma kam¡n. hnhmlw IgnªXnsâ IrXyw \måXmw Znh kw sImfwt_mbnse ssk\nI tI{µ¯n \n¶v tkma]me\v Hcp ktµiw e`n¨p, DSs\ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Xs¶ ]«mf¯n tNÀìsImÅWsa¶v. I ®otcmsS B \hh[p `À¯mhns\ bm{X bm¡n. A¸plman, eoemhXn, kncnbhXn F ¶nhÀ KmÄ sdbnÂth kvtäj\n sNì tkma]mes\ bm{Xbb¨p. Znb¯eh ]«mf Iym¼n- \mepamks¯ ]cnioe\¯n\p ti jw aäv A³]Xp bphm¡tfmsSm¸w tkma]m et\bpw bp²cwKt¯¡v Ab¨p. kvt\lk¼¶\mb `À¯mhnsâ thÀ]mSp aqew eoemhXnçmb hnclthZ\ Abmfp sS I¯pIfpw aWntbmÀUdpIfpw hcm³ XpS §nbt¸mÄ Ipdªp. ]«mfthj¯nepÅ A bmfpsS t^mt«m A`nam\t¯mSpIqSn AhÄ FÃmhtcbpw ImWn¨ncpì. I¨hS¡mc\mb eºtbbpw AbmfpsS klmbnbmb kmcYn t\bpw \me©p{]mhiyw AhÄ AXp ImWn ¨n«pv. B {Kma¯nse CXc bphXnIsft¸mse hn {iakabw eoemhXn sNehgn¨ncp¶Xp ]cZq jW¯n\Ã. kncnbhXnsb Hcp¡n kv¡qfn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Ab¨p Ignªn«v ho«nse _m¡n tPmenIÄ AhÄ sN¿pw. Ah XoÀ¯m XebW¡h dpIfn Nn{X¯¿Â sN¿m³ XpS§pw. BgvN tXmdpw hnå\km[\§fpambn hcp¶ eº bv¡v Cu XebWbpdIÄ hnäp kz´ambn A åw Imipm¡m³ AhÄ {ian¨ncpì. A¸p lman CÃm¯ Ahkc§fn eºtbm kmc tYm AÃmsX aäp ]pcpj·mscmìw B ho«n sNÃmdpmbncp¶nÃ. eoemhXn¡v FgpXm\pw hmbn¡m\pw \à hiw Dmbncp¶nÃ. AXpsImp tkma]me sâ I¯pIÄ hmbn¡m\pw Ahbvç adp]Sn FgpXm\pw henb _p²nap«pmbncpì. tkm a]me\p Is¯gpXm³ Hì cp {]mhiyw A hÄ kmcYnsâ klmbw tXSn. F¦nepw eo emhXnbpw `À¯mhpambpÅ I¯nS]mSv Gsd çsd ‘h¬th {Sm^nIv’ t]msebmbncpì. C Xp atä hi¯p aSp¸pmçatÃm. tkma]m esâ I¯pIÄ {ItaW Ipdªp Ipdªv HSp hn CÃmsXbmbn. F¦nepw amkw tXmdpw Ir Xyambn AbmÄ ]Ww Ab¨psImncpì. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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eoemhXnbpsS kt´mjw {ItaW Ipdªp. tkma]mesâ I¯pIÄ ImWmXmbt¸mÄ A hÄç henb a\x{]bmkapmbn. eºtbmSp km[\§Ä hm§p¶Xn AhÄç Xmåcyw Ipdªp. km[\§Ä hm§p¶Xn\sænepw Xsâ a\x{]bmkw Ipdbv¡m\pÅ Ahkcambn B kµÀi\§sf AhÄ IW¡m¡n XpS§n. hnå\ IpdªtXmsS eº At§m «pÅ hchp \ndp¯n. C-¡me¯p kmcYns\ s¡mv AhÄ tkma]mes\mcp I¯b¸n¨p, Hcp adp]Sn Ab¡Wsa¶v A`yÀ°n¨psIm v. ]t£, adp]Sn In«nbnÃ. eoemhXnbpsS ho«n eº hcmXmsb¦nepw kmcYv kµÀi\w apS¡nbnÃ. F«p aWn ap X A©paWnhsc Znhk¡qen¡v eºbpsS IqsS ]WnsbSpçIbmbncpì kmcYv. Ssh Ipt¶c §fn AbmÄ eoemhXnbpsS ho«n se¯n Ahsf Bizkn¸nçI ]Xnhmbn. ]«m f¯n tNÀ¶Xn\ptijw kz`mhw No¯bm b ]e sNdp¸¡mcptSbpw IYIÄ Ahsf ]d ªp tIĸn¨p. sXcphpthiyIÄç ]«mf `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¡mÀ \nÀtem]w ]Ww sImSpçIbpw Ah tcmsSm¯p PohnçIbpw sN¿mdpsìw Nn e ]«mf¡mÀ hntZi s]¬sImSnIsf hnhm lw sN¿mdpsìw AbmÄ Ahsf ]dªp hnizkn¸n¨p. CsXÃmw tIÄçt¼mÄ eoem hXnbpsS I®p \ndbpw. i¼fw Ipdhmbncp s¶¦nepw tkma]me\v Kmfnse ¢mÀ¡v tPmen aXnbmbncpì F¶v AhÄ IcpXn. kmcYv {ItaW B ho«nse Hcp Øncw k µÀiI\mbn. eºbpsS IpsS A©paWnhsc tPmen sNbvXXn\ptijw AbmÄ eoemhXn bpsS ho«nse¯n Ipfn¨p hkv{Xw amdn F«p aWnhsc AhnsS¯s¶ Ign¨pIq«pw. eoemh XnbpsS a\kn Xfw sI«n\n¶ ZpxJw Ipd bv¡m³ Cu kµÀi\§Ä klmbn¨p. AtXm sSm¸w eoemhXnbpsS a\kn tkma]me\p Øm\w Ipdªp. kmcYv B Øm\¯v {]Xn jvTn¡s]SpIbpw sNbvXp. CXnsâ ‘^ew’ A hfpsS DZc¯n cq]w]qs¶dnªt¸mÄ kmcYnsâ hchp IpdªpXpS§n. Ahfn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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KÀ`e£W§Ä hyIvXambtXmsS AbmÄ A Ivana\ hn«v FhnsStbm t]mbn. A¸plman AXncmhnse t]mhpIbpw Xma kn¨pam{Xw hcnIbpw sNbvXncp¶XpsImv ho«nepmb Ipg¸§Ä hfsc \mft¯¡v A bmfdnªncp¶nÃ. sNdp¸¯n \à kz`mh ¡mcnbmbncp¶XpsImv hnhmltijw F s´¦nepw {]tXyI {i² eoemhXnbpsS Imcy¯n Bhiyaps¶v AbmÄ IcpXnbnÃ. hnhcw Adnªt¸mfmIs«, AbmÄ¡v Fs´ ¦nepw sN¿mhp¶ L«w Ignªncpì. 1946 BKkvän eoemhXn Hcp B¬Ip«nsb {]khn¨p. A¸plman Hcp \mS³ tPmXvkys\ s¡mv B Ip«nbpsS PmXIw FgpXnhm§n. hfscb[nIw ]TnçIbpw [\w k¼mZnçI bpw kap{Zm´c kµÀi\w \S¯pIbpw sN ¿p¶ Hcp henb t\Xmhmbn¯ocpw B Ip«n sb¶v tPmXvky³ {]hNn¨p. hfÀì hcp t¼mÄ Ah\v henb \nebnepÅ ]e Iq«p `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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ImcpapmIpsaìw kz¯pImcnbmb Hcp s]¬Ip«nsb Ah³ IeymWw Ignçsaìw ]dªp. ]t£, A©phbkphsc Ah\v i\n ZibmsWìw PmXI¯nepmbncpì. 1946 \hw_À 11þmw XobXn eoemhXnç ssk\nItI{µ¯n \n¶v Hcp I¼nktµiw e`n¨p, tkma]me³ acn¨pt]msb¶v. AhÄ AXp tI«p hmhn«pIcªp. BfpIÄ HmSn ¡qSn. AhÀ F{X {ian¨n«pw Ahsf Bizkn ¸n¡m³ IgnªnÃ. A¸plman¡v DSs\ Bfp IÄ t]mbn. AbmÄ cpaWnç ho«nse¯p t¼mÄ ZpxJmt\zjW¯n\ph¶ P\¡q«w ho «nepw ]cnkc¯pw \ndªpIgnªncpì. Ah cn Hcmsf AbmÄ tkma]mesâ ho«n Ab¨v hnhc§Ä ]dªp. eoemhXn {]Ú bäXpt]mse InS¶ncp¶XpsImv ]ntäZnh kw A¸plmanç tPmenç t]mIm³ Ign ªnÃ. tkma]mesâ acWhmÀ¯ AdnªXnsâ ]ntä Znhkw sshIn«p \mepaWn kabw. hf `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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sc ASp¯ Nne _Ôp¡fÃmsX A¸plman bpsS ho«n aämcpw Dmbncp¶nÃ. eoemhXn At¸mgpw InSçIbmWv. s]s«¶v Hcp i_vZw tI«v _Ôp¡Ä Xncnªpt\m¡nbt¸mÄ A hÄ Fgpt¶äp\nÂçì! AhÄ ssIIÄ D bÀ¯n¸nSn¨p. A¸plman ASp¯p sN¶v Ah sf ]nSn¨p. AhfpsS icocw achn¨ncnç¶Xp t]mse AbmÄç tXm¶n. I®pIÄ Nen¸n ¨psImv ]pcpji_vZ¯n eoemhXn ]d bm³ XpS§n: “Rm³ \ns¶ Hcp ]mTw ]Tn¸n çw. \o Fsâ `mcysb No¯bm¡n. \ns¶ bpw \nsâ Ip«nsbbpw Rm³ sImÃpw! thp thmfw a\pjycIvXw Rm³ In«pv. At\ Iw t]sc Rm³ shSnsh¨p hogv¯nbn«pv. kmcYnt\bpw Ahsâ Ip«ntbbpw sIm¶nt« Rm³ t]mIpìÅq.” C{Xbpw ]dªXn\ptijw eoemhXn Xd bn hoWp. ]Xn\©p an\näp t\ct¯bv¡v AhÄ¡v {]Úbpmbncp¶nÃ. tkma]me sâ t{]XamWv eoemhXnsb _m[n¨ncnç¶ sX¶v AhnsS IqSnbncp¶hÀs¡Ãmw a\knem `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bn. AhfpsS `mhhpw i_vZhpw tkma]metâ Xpt]msebmbncpì. AìapX A¸plmanbpw _Ôp¡fpw eo emhXnbpsS Ip«nbpsS Imcy¯n {]tXyIw {i²h¨p. ImcWw, _mt[m]{ZhapmIp t¼mÄ B Ip«nsb sImÃm\mWv AhÄ {ian ¨ncp¶Xv. Xsâ ktlmZcnbpsS ho«nte¡v B Ip«nsb amämsa¶v A¸plman hnNmcn¨p. ] t£, eoemhXn k½Xn¨nÃ. AhÄ B Ip«n sb At§bäw kvt\ln¨ncpì. tkma]mesâ t{]Xw _m[nçt¼mÄ am{Xta Ip«ntbmSv sh dp¸pw AXns\ sImÃWsa¶ hnNmchpw A hÄ¡v DmIpambncpìÅq. FÃm Znhkhpw D¨`£Ww Ignbpt¼mÄ eoemhXn-¡v _mt[m ]{Zhw DmhpI ]Xnhmbn. At¸mÄ ]«mf a«n ‘se^väv ssdäv’ ]dªv ho«neqsS AhÄ amÀ¨psN¿pw. B \m«nse§panÃm¯ kmcYn s\ sImÃpsa¶v `ojWn ]dbpIbpw sNbvXncp ì. A¸plmantbm _Ôp¡tfm CÃm¯ Znh k§fn AhÄ¡v _mt[m]{Zhw DmIm dnÃmbncpì Fs¶mcp {]tXyIXbpv. cm{Xn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bn Ip«n A¸plmanbpsS IqsSbmWpd§nbn cp¶Xv. Hcp ‘sXmhnÂ’ \S¯n tkma]mesâ t{]X s¯ Hgn¸n¡Wsa¶v A¸plman \nivNbn¨p. Kn³tSmSmbn \nì {]kn²cmb IämUnbam sc sImphì \à tXmXn Xs¶ B IÀ ½w \S¯n. ]mXncm{Xn¡v ‘sXmhnÂ’ hmZy§ fpw a{´i_vZ§fpw BImi¯n AebSn¨p. Ah apdpInh¶t¸mÄ B Xmf¯ns\m¯v B dp IämUnbamcpw XpÅm³ XpS§n. Ipsd Ign ªt¸mÄ eoemhXnbpw B kwLt¯mSv tNÀ ì NmSnadnbm\mcw`n¨p. Hcp am{´nI hSnsIm v {][m\ IämUnb AhfpsS Xebn kv]À in¨psImv Hmtcmì tNmZn¡m³ XpS§n. apdnhmIy§fn AhÄ ]dªXnsâ Npcp¡w CXmWv: “Rm³ tkma]me\mWv. Hcp I¸en Fsâ `mcysb ImWm\mWv Rm³ Kmfntebvç h¶ Xv. kmcYv Ahsf No¯bm¡n. Ahsâ Ip«n sb Fsâ `mcy c£nç¶Xv F\n¡njvSaÃ. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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kmcYnt\bpw Ip«ntbbpw Rm³ sImÃpw. cp Poh³ _en \ÂInbm Rm³ t]mImw. tXm«¯n \nÂç¶ ]vfmhnteç Rm³ am dmw. AXn\p sXfnhmbn ]vfmhnsâ Hcp I¼v Ipep¡mw.” D·¯amb \r¯¯nsâ A´y¯n eoem hXn t_m[iq\ybmbn \new]Xn¨p. tkma ]mesâ t{]Xw Bhiys¸«Xpt]mse IämUn bamÀ cp Poh³ (cp tImgnIsf) _en Ign¨p. F¶n«p {][m\ IämUnb ]vfmhnsâ Nph«nteç t]mbn. P\¡q«w A\pKan¨p. ac¯nteç t\m¡ns¡mv IämUnb t{]X t¯mSp hnfn¨p]dªp: “]dªXpt]mse I¼nf¡n ImWn¡Ww.” Hcp \nanjw t\m¡n\n¶n«v AbmÄ ]dªp: “icn, icn. aXn.” t{]Xw ]vfmhnsâ sIm¼p Ipepç¶Xv a ämÀçw ImWm³ IgnªnÃ. cm{Xn HcpaWn kab¯v AXp ImWm³ AhÀ¡v ZnhyZrjvSn Dmbncp¶nÃsÃm. aX]camb IÀ½§tfmsS `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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tkma ]mesâ ihw kwkvIcn¡m¯XpsIm mWv C{XZqsc AIvana\ hsc B t{]Xw h¶sX¶mbncpì {][m\ IämUnbbpsS A`n {]mbw. ‘sXmhnÂ’ \S¶v cmgvN Ignª t¸mÄ eoemhXn km[mcW \nebnembn. ] t£, Ipd¨p Ignªt¸mÄ Hcp A]ISapm bn. tkma]mesâ t{]Xs¯ IpSnbncp¯nbn cp¶ ]vfmhnÂ\n¶v Hcp N¡bn«p Idnh¨p. A Xp Iq«nbtXmsS eoemhXnsb hopw tkma ]mesâ t{]Xw ]nSn¨p. C{Xbpw kw`h§Ä \SìIgnªXn\pti jamWv, Cu IY Fsâ {i²bnÂs]Sp¶Xv. Kmfnse dn¨vav tImtfPn Bbncpì A t¸mÄ F\nç tPmen. Km-ÄtIm«nbnepÅ Nm tÞm sXcphn Rm³ Xmakn¨ncp¶ ho«n A¸plmanbpw AbmÄ tPmen sNbvXncp¶ IS bpsS DSaØ\mb ]nbZmk\pw IqSn hì. D mb kwKXn apgph³ A¸plman hnhcn¨p. Rm³ AXnsâ t\m«p Xbmdm¡n. apgph³ IY bpw tI«pIgnªt¸mÄ Rm³ ]dªp, Ah tcmsSm¸w Rm³ At¸mÄ sNÃp¶Xp sImp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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{]tbmP\ansöv. tkma]mesâ t{]Xw _m[n ¨n«Ã eoemhXn AbmfpsS kzc¯n kwkm cn¨sXìw AXp shdpw A\pIcWamsWìw Rm³ hyIvXam¡n. AhfpsS AÔhnizmk §fpw Ipät_m[hpw IqSn krjvSn¨ Hcp hn{`m ´nbmWv AsXì Rm³ ]dªp. acn¨hÀ¡v BXvamhpst¶m AXp Pohn¨ncnç¶hsc _m[nçsat¶m IcpXp¶Xv AÔhnizmkam Wv. acn¨p t]mbhcpsStbm acn¨p Fì IcpX s¸Sp¶hcpsStbm BXvam¡Ä X§sf _m[n ¨p Fì IcpXn Nne a\pjyÀ ImWnç¶ C¯cw hn{`m´nIÄ¡v t¥mtkmemenb Fì ]dbpw. AÔhnizmknIÄ shfn]msSìw ]n imNp_m[sbìw CXns\ hymJym\nçw. t¥m tkmemenb _m[n¨ ]e BfpIfpsSbpw hn {InbIÄ Rm³ In«pv. ]mcmssXtdmbnUv {KÙnIÄç \yq\XbpmIpt¼mgmWv CXv A[nIhpw DmIp¶Xv. _en, ‘sXmhnÂ’ F ¶nh \Sçt¼mgpw aX]camb ‘DWÀhv’ Dm Ipt¼mgpw ‘adp`mj’ kwkmcnç¶Xnsâ cl kyhpw CXpXs¶. Cu a\ximkv{Xclkyw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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AdnªpIqSm¯XpsImv Nne a{´hmZnIfpw IämUnbamcpw ]ptcmlnX·mcpw bYmÀ° ¯n t{]X§Ä DsìXs¶ hnizknçì. Kn³tSmSmbnÂ\nì h¶ {][m\ IämUnb b YmÀ°¯n hnizkn¨ncn¡mw, AbmfpsS \nÀt±ia\pkcn¨v tkma]mesâ BXvamhv ]v fmhnteç amdnsb¶v. F¶m ac¯nsâ in Jcw Ipep§p¶Xv AbmÄ Ipshì ]d ªXv shdpw \pWbmWv. ]mXncm Ignª B kab¯v AbmÄt¡m aämÀs¡¦neptam AXp ImWm³ IgnbpIbnÃtÃm. t{]Xw _m[n¨Xpt]mepÅ {]IS\§Ä eo emhXnbn IsX´psImmsW¶v ]nbZm k\v hyIvXambnÃ. AXn\p hniZoIcWw sIm Sp¯m sImÅmsa¶v At±lw ]dªp. CXc {KmaoWbphXnIsft¸mseXs¶ t{]X§sf¸ änbpÅ IYIÄ tI«mWv eoemhXnbpw hfÀ ¶Xv. kmcYpambpmb AhnlnX _Ôhpw AtX¯pSÀìmb {]khhpw Ahfn A Km[amb Ipät_m[w P\n¸n¨p. Pohn¨ncp¶ tkma]mes\¡mÄ acn¨pt]mb tkma]mes\ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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AhÄ IqSpX `bs¸«p. acWt¯mSpIqSn BXvam¡Äç kÀhÚXbpw kÀhhym]I Xzhpw ssIhcpsa¶v AhÄ sXämbn hniz kn¨p. Ipät_m[hpw AÔhnizmk§fpw Iq Sn tNÀ¶t¸mÄ t{]Xw _m[n¨Xmbn AhfpsS a\kv k¦ån¨p. t{]Xw, BXvamhv apXembh AÔhnizmk§fmsWìw bYmÀ°¯n A §s\sbmìw CsÃìw Ahsf ]dªp a\ knem¡nbm Cu tcmKw amdpw Fì Rm³ ]nbZmkt\mSp ]dªp. Ignbp¶nSt¯mfw eo emhXnsb Häbv¡ncn¡m³ A\phZnç¶Xm Wv \ÃsXì Rm³ A¸plmansb D]tZinç Ibpw sNbvXp. C¯cw tcmKapÅhÀ¡v AXp aäpÅhcpsS ap¼n {]ZÀin¸n¡m\mWv hmk \. Fsâ Cu hniZoIcW§Ä sImsmìw AhÀç Xr]vXnbmbnsöv F\n¡dnbmambn cpì. aq¶mgvNIÄçtijw Rm³ ]nbZmk sâ IqsS A¸plmanbpsS hoSp kµÀin¨p. c mgvN ap¼v eoemhXnbpsS AkpJw amdn sb¶ kt´mjhmÀ¯bmWv F\nç e`n¨Xv.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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1947 P\phcn amk¯n Kmfnse dn¨vav tImtfPv hn«v Rm³ auv ehn\nbmbnse skâv tXmakv tImtfPn A²ym]I\mbn t]mbn. B amÀ¨pamk¯n F\nç ]nb Zmksâ Hcp I¯p In«n. tkma]me³ Poh t\mSpIqSn Xncns¨¯nsbìÅ AZv`pXhmÀ¯ bmWXnepmbncp¶Xv. AbmÄ bp²¯Shp Imc\mbn i{Xp cmPy¯v Pbnen InSçIbm bncpì. bp²m\´cw XShpImsc tamNn¸n¨ t¸mÄ AbmÄ kntemWnteç Xncn¨phcn IbmWpmbXv. tkma]mes\ ImWmXmb t¸mÄ AbmÄ acn¨p t]msbì IcpXn ssk \nIm[nImcnIÄ eoemhXn¡v sSe{Kmw sNbvX XmWv. Pohn¨ncnç¶ tkma]mesâ t{]Xw F§ s\bmWv eoemhXnsb _m[n¨Xv? Pohn¨ncn ç¶ icoc¯nÂ\n¶v BXvam¡Ä thÀs]«v \S¡mdps¶v Hcp¯cpw ]dªptI«n«nÃ. acn¨hcpsS t{]Xw _m[nçì Fì ]dbp ¶Xpw CXpt]mse ASnØm\clnXamb Hcp AÔhnizmkw am{XamWv. kntemWn \S¶ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Cu kw`ht¯mSp Ipsd kmZriyapÅ Hcp kw`hw GXm\pw \mfpIÄç ap¼p tIcf ¯nse sN§¶qÀ Xmeq¡n \S¶Xmbn ]{X §fn hmbn¡m\nSbmbn. B kw`hw C§ s\bmWv: sIm¨ps]®v Fs¶mcp hr²sb Hm Ww kao]n¨ L«¯n s]s«ì ImWmXmbn. ho«pImÀ Hcp tPmXvkys\s¡mp {]iv\w h bv]n¨p. A]ISacWw kw`hn¨p F¶mbncpì AbmfpsS hn[n. FÃmhcpw AXp hnizkn¨p. AXn\p tijw AbÂ]¡s¯ Nne bphXnI sf sIm¨ps]®nsâ t{]Xw _m[n¨p. AhÀ sIm¨p s]®nsâ kzc¯n kwkmcnçIbpw Ahsft¸mse \SçIbpw sNbvXp. ]ntä hÀ jw XncpthmW\mfn sIm¨ps]®v AhnNmcn Xambn ho«n Ibdns¨¶t¸mÄ BZyw Bfp IÄ A¼cìt]mbn. AXnÂ]ns¶ Hcp¯À çw sIm¨ps]®nsâ t{]Xw _m[n¨n«nÃ!
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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3 i{Xpkwlmctlmaw Wnw, Wnw, Wnw... sSent^m¬ i_vZn¡m³ XpS§n. D¨bqWp Ignªv hn{ia¯nembncpì Rm³. AÀ²\n{Z bnembncps¶¦nepw Fgpt¶äp t]mbn sSen t^m¬ dnkohÀ ssIbnseSp¯p. “tImhqcmtWm?” “AsX, BcmWv kwkmcnç¶Xv?” “CXv anlvdbmWv. AZv`pXIcamb Nne kw` h§Ä Fsâ ho«n \Sçì. Xm¦tfmSv ]d ªm AXns\mcp ]cnlmcapmIpsa¶v ]e cpw Ft¶mSv ]dªp.” “F´pXcw AZv`pXamWv \Sç¶Xv?” Rm³ tNmZn¨p. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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“Ignª H¶c hÀjambn Fsâ ho«nÂ\n ìw ]eh«w ]Ww tamjvSn¡s¸Spì. CXph sc AXv Ip]nSn¡m³ Ignªn«nÃ.” anlvd Fs¶ sXäp[cn¨ncnçì F¶v Rm³ IcpXn. tamjWt¡kv Ft¶mSv ]dªns« ´mWv Imcyw? Btcm Fs¶ t]meokv Hm^o kdmbn sXäp[cn¸n¨n«pmIpsa¶mbncpì F sâ hnNmcw. ]t£, AbmfpsS ASp¯ hmN Iw Fsâ [mcW icnbsÃì hyIvXam¡n. “CXp IÅ·mcpsS ]WnbmsW¶v Rm³ hn Nmcnç¶nÃ.” anlvd ]dªp. þ“Fìam{XaÃ. GsX¦nepw a\pjyPohn CXnsâ ]n¶neps ìt]mepw IcpXm³ \ymbanÃ.” {]iv\§sf¸än NÀ¨sN¿p¶Xn\v Rm³ an lvdsb Fsâ ho«nteç £Wn¨p. Aì ssh Ipt¶cw Xs¶ At±lhpw A½mh\pw IqSn ]ma³IS sebn\nepÅ Fsâ ho«n hì. ap¸¯naqìImc\mb anlvd ]mInØm\n P\n¨ Hcp XpWnhyhkmbnbmWv. H¶chÀjw ap¼v At±l¯nsâ ho«nse hmÀt{Um_n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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(DSp¸pIfpw aäpw kq£nç¶ Aeamc) \n¶v 300 I. \jvSs¸«p. 3000 I.bpsS sI«n \n¶m Wv Cu XpI t]mbXv. ]n¶oSpw ]e {]mhiyw H¶n¨ph¨ncnç¶ XpIbnÂ\n¶v Hcp`mKw \ jvSs¸SpI ]Xnhmbn. IÅ\msW¦n apgp h³ XpIbpw sImpt]mtIXmWv. At±lw Hcp tPmXvkys\ t]mbn¡p. AbmÄ {]iv \wh¨p t\m¡nbn«v ]dªp, anlvdbpsS _nkn \kv cwKs¯ Nne FXncmfnIÄ sNbvX i{Xp kwlmc X{´§fpsS ^eamWnsX¶v. tPm Õy³ Nne ]qPIsfms¡ \nÀt±in¨p. AXn sâ sNehn\v Hcp XpIbpw Bhiys¸«p. an lvd ]dª XpI sImSp¯p. tPmÕy³ Hcp ‘i{Xpkwlmctlmaw’ \S¯n. AXn\p tijw, P]n¨ Hcp NcSv anlvdbpsS ssIbnepw sI«n. C\nbpw Ipg¸apmhpIbnsöv AbmÄ Dd ¸p sImSp¯p. aqì amkt¯¡v ]ns¶ Ipg¸ §Ä Hìw DmbnÃ. \memas¯ amk¯n hmÀt{Um_nÂ\nìw 200 I. A{]Xy£ambn. GXm\pw Znhk§Ä Ignªt¸mÄ anknkv anlvdbpsS kzÀWm`c `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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W§Ä apgph³ ImWmXmbn. At±lw C¯ hW ]gb tPmÕys\ ImWm³ t]mbnÃ. {] kn²\mb Hcp a{´hmZnsbs¡mv i{Xp¡ fpsS ZpÀa{´hmZs¯ XSbm³ Xocpam\n¨p. At\zjW¯n A¼es¦m F¶ Øe¯v {]kn²\mb Hcp a{´hmZnbps¶v Adnªp. anlvd Abmsf sNìIp. AbmÄ hfsc {i²m]qÀhw {]iv\w h¨p t\m¡n. tPmÕy³ ]dªXà bYmÀ° ImcWsa¶pw anlvdbpsS Xs¶ Hcp ]qÀhnIsâ BXvamhmWv ieyap mç¶sXìw AbmÄ ]dªp. Pohn¨ncp ¶Ime¯v At±l¯n\v Nne IS§Ä ho«m³ IgnbmsX hìshìw AXpsImmWv At± l¯nsâ BXvamhv ]Ww FSp¯psImp t]mIp¶sXìw a{´hmZn ]dªp. anlvd a{´hmZn ]dªXv hnizkn¨p. ]tcXmXvamhn s\ {]oXns¸Sp¯m³ ho«n Hcp {]tXyI ]q Pmapdn kwhn[m\w sN¿Wsaìw AhnsS FÃmt\chpw Blmc]ZmÀ°§Ä sht¨¡ Wsaìw a{´hmZn ]dªp. CXns\ms¡¸pd sa Hcp ‘sXmhnÂ’ \r¯w \S¯Wsaìw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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AbmÄ ]dªp. hensbmcp XpI sNehm¡m sX AXp \S¯m³ Ignbpambncp¶nÃ. F¦n epw {]iv\§Ä Ahkm\nç¶Xn\pthn an lvd AXp sNehgn¡m³ \nivNbn¨p. B {]tZ i¯v \S¶n«pÅXn Gähpw henb ‘sXm hnÂ’ \r¯ambncpì AhnsS \S¶Xv. Ipd¨p\mft¯¡v ]ns¶ {]iv\samìapm bnÃ. anlvd Bizkn¨p. ]t£, B kam[m\w A[nI Znhkw \op\n¶nÃ. Hcp Znhkw A t±l¯nsâ `mcybv¡v s]s«s¶mcp t_m[£ bapmbn. ]ns¶ IqsS¡qsS AXmhÀ¯n ¡m³ XpS§n. hoSnsâ Hgnª tImWpIfn ]gb knKcäv SnìIfn hnNn{X§fmb ]e hkvXp¡fpw ImWm³ XpS§n. AØn¡jW§Ä. Xeap Sn, sN¼p\mWb§Ä, Icn¡«IÄ, ap«t¯m SpIÄ XpS§nbhbmWv Ahbn ImWs¸«Xv. CXnt\¡mÄ AZv`pXIcambncpì anlvdbv ç In«nb t{]ateJ\§Ä. tIm«ntâbpw ]m âvkntâbpw t]m¡äpIfnepw IWç _pçI `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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fnepsams¡ Ccp¶v t{]ateJ\§Ä In«m³ XpS§nbt¸mÄ anlvd A¼cìt]mbn. GXm \pw amk§Ä¡Iw 11 t{]ateJ\§fmWv C §s\ e`n¨Xv. AXn H¶v Xangnepw asäÃmw Cw¥ojnepambncpì. AXnseÃmw Bhiys¸«n cp¶Xv anlvd C³Uybnteç t]mIWsa¶m Wv. AhÀ (I¯nsâ DSaØ) Abmsf A\pK an¡msaìw hyIvXam¡nbncpì. I¯nse Nn e hmNI§Ä Xmsg sImSpçì. {]mW{]nb\mb anlvd, \n§Ä `bs¸tS. Rm³ \n§Äç thn F´pwsN¿mw, Pq¬ 14 ad-¡cpXv... \n§Ä FÃm cm{Xnbnepw hc Ww... `mcytbmSp ]dbcpXv... \ap¡v hnam\ ¯n t]mImw.. {]nb anlvd, t{]a\nÀ`c§fm b Npw_\§Ä kzoIcn¨mepw... C¶se cm{Xn h¶Xn\p {]tXyI kt´mjw... I¯n \n§ fpsS t]cp hbv¡cpXv... F\nç \n§fpsS ]m «v hfsc CjvSamWv... \msf cm{Xnbpw hcWw... anlvdbpw imcnbpw.”
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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FÃm I¯pIfnepw Xs¶ ‘Pq¬ 14’ Fs¶m cp XobXn ]dªncpì. ‘anlvdbpw imcnbpw’ Fìw FÃm I¯nepw Ip. Cu I¯pIÄ FgpXp¶Xv acn¨pt]mb ]qÀhnI\msW¶v hn izkn¡m³ At±lw XbmdmbnÃ. B ]qÀhn I³ Hcp ]pcpj\msW¶mWv a{´hmZnIÄ ]d ªncp¶Xv. hym]mc cwKs¯ i{Xp¡Ä Hcp t{]a¡pcp¡n s]Sp¯n \in¸n¡m³ {ianç IbmsW¶v At±lw IcpXn. Cu kab¯v {]amWnbmb Hcp apkvenw a{´hmZnsb Im Wm³ HcmÄ \nÀt±in¨p. AbmÄ Hcp \à Xp I Z£nW hm§nbn«v FÃmhcptSbpw ssI bn am{´nI¨cSp sI«n. F¶n«pw {]tbmP\ apmbnÃ. Ipd¨p Znhk§Äçtijw anlvd bpsS ]Xv\nç ]gbXpt]mse t_m[-£bw h cm³ XpS§n. Fs´¦nepw sN¿msX Imcy§Ä \o§pI bnsÃì hì tNÀì. anlvdbpw kplr¯p¡ fpwIqSn asämcp {]apJ a{´hmZnsb sNì I p. hensbmcp ]qPm]c¼cXs¶ AbmÄ \nÀ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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t±in¨p. KXy´canÃmsX anlvd AXn\p hg §n. ]qPIsfÃmw Ignªv a{´hmZn ]dªp: “Cu ho«nepÅ GsX-¦nepw HcmÄ Hcp {] tXyI kz]v\w ImWpw. AXv Cu {]iv\¯nsâ ImcWhpw ]cnlmcamÀKhpw hyIvXamçw.” FÃmhcpw kz]v\w {]Xo£n¨ncpì. amk §Ä Ignªn«pw Bcpw hyIvXamb kz]v\§ sfmìw InÃ. CXn\nSbn ]e {]mhiyw B `h\¯nÂ\nìw ]Ww DÄs¸sS ]eXpw tamjvSn¡s¸«p. anlvdbpsS t]m¡äpIfn Nne t{]ateJ\§ÄIqSn ImWs¸«p. anknkv anlvd ]e {]mhiyw t_m[clnXbmbn. \mepamk§Ä C§s\ ISìt]mbn. anlv dbpsS A½mbnA½ Hcp {]`mX¯n AÀ° k¼pjvSamb Hcp kz]v\¯nsâ IY ]dªp: “cp IÅ·mcpw Hcp B¬Ip«nbpwIqSn Cu ho«n _eambn tIdm³ {ian¨p. anlvd Ahsc XSªp\ndp¯n. At¸mÄ Rm³ sN¶v Ahs\ XSªp. sImÅ¡mÀ CjvSapÅXv `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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Fs´¦nepw FSp¯psImp t]mIs« F¶v D]tZin¨p. CXmWv Rm³ I kz]v\w.” DSs\ a{´hmZn¡v Bfb¨p. AbmÄ h¶v kz]v\¯n\v Nne hymJym\saÃmw ]dªp. F ¶n«v Hcp \mc§m apdn¨v ]qP \S¯nbn«p t]m bn. HcmgvN¡Iw FÃm Ipg¸§fpw Ahkm\n çsa¶v AbmÄ Xd¸n¨p ]dªp. Znhk§fpw ImgvNIfpw ISìt]mbn. anlvd bpsS `h\¯nse Ipg¸§Ä¡v Hcp Ipdhpw DmbnÃ. At±l¯nsâ `mcybpsS t_m[£ bw Znhk¯n ]e {]mhiyambn hÀ²n¨p. hr¯nsI« km[\§Ä hoSnsâ ]e `mK¯pw ImWs¸«p. anlvdbv¡v hopw imcnbpsS t{] ateJ\§Ä In«n. C{Xbpambt¸mÄ anlvdbvç a{´hmZ¯nep Å hnizmkw \jvSs¸«p. Hcp kvt\lnXsâ \nÀt±ia\pkcn¨v At±lw Hcp Zo]t\m«¡m cs\ t]mbn¡p. AbmÄ h¶v hoSpw Npäp ]mSpw ]cntim[n¨n«v Hcp apdn Hgn¨nSm³ ]d ªp. FÃm km[\§fpw amänbXn\ptijw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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AbmÄ B apdn IgpIn¨p. Nne kpKÔ {Zhy §Ä ]pIbvçIbpw Ft´m a{´§Ä Dcphn SpIbpw sNbvXpsImp cm{Xnhsc AhnsS Ipgn¨pIq«n. F¶n«v apdnbpsS \Sphn Hcp henb sagpIpXncn I¯n¨ph¨p. Zo]¯n t\m¡n ^e§Ä ]dbp¶Xn\v Hcp B¬Ip«n tbtbm 13 hbkn Xmsg {]mbapÅ Hcp s]¬Ip«ntbtbm hnSWsa¶v AbmÄ ]d ªp. anlvdbpsS ]{´pImcnbmb ktlmZcn AXn\v \ntbmKn¡s¸«p. “sagpIpXncnbpsS Zo]¯n¯s¶ t\m¡n bncn¡Ww.” AbmÄ Ip«nç \nÀt±iw \ÂIn. “Hcp ImcWhimepw I®p amäcpXv. Iptd Ign bpt¼mÄ Hcp Zo]¯n\p ]Icw cp Zo]§Ä ImWs¸Spw. At¸mÄ hnhcw ]dbWw.” Ip«n AX\pkcn¨v t\m¡nbncpì. FXm\pw an\näpIÄ Ignªt¸mÄ AhÄ ]dªp: “At\Iw Zo]§Ä ImWpìv.”
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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BfpIÄ A£acmbn t\m¡nbncpì. Ah fpsS apJw AZv`pXw sImp hnIknç¶Xm bn AbmÄ hymJym\n¨p. NneÀ AXp icnbm sWì k½Xn¨p. “Ct¸mÄ B PzmeIÄ¡nSbn acn¨pt]mb ap¯NvOsâ apJw ImWmw. {i²n¨p t\m¡q.” AhÄ {i²n¨pt\m¡nbn«p ]dªp: “Im Wmw.” “icn, BcmWv Cu IpSpw_¯n Ipg¸ap mç¶sX¶v At±lt¯mSv tNmZn¡q.” “cp IÅ·mcpw Hcp sNdp¡\pw IqSn ho«nte¡v _eambn {]thinçì...” -þAhÄ Dds¡ hnfn¨p ]dªp. “icn.” Zo]t\m«¡mc³ ]dªp. “kwKXn IÄ hyIvXambn. \n§fpsS i{Xp¡Ä Ab¨ ZpÀ`qX§fmWh. Ahsb Hgnhm¡m³ H¶m ´cw ]qPIÄ \S¯Ww.” Zo]t\m«¡mc\pw ]qPbpsS Imcyw ]dª t¸mÄ anlvd AÔmfn¨pt]mbn. Ignª H¶c `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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hÀj¯n\nSbn ]e a{´hmZnIfpw ]dªX \pkcn¨v 15000 cq]tbmfw At±lw ]qPbvçw hgn]mSn\pambn sNehm¡n Ignªncpì. A XpsImsmìw {]tbmP\apmbnÃ. ]ntäì ]Xnhpt]mse anlvd ISbn t]m bn. Cu kabw anknkv anlvd Ipfn¡m³ Xbm dmbn Ipfnapdnbnteç sNì AhnsS sN¶ t¸mgmWv HmÀ¯Xv, Xeapv FSp¯nsöv. A sXSp¡m\mbn AhÀ InS¸papdnbnteç sN ì. AeamcbpsS FÃm Zzmc§fn \nìw ]p Ihcpì! CXv bYmÀ° ]pItbm t{]XmXvam ¡tfm? AhÀ `bì \nehnfn¨p. ho«nepÅ aäv AwK§fpw HmSnhì. Ahcn NneÀ ss[ cy]qÀhw apt¶m«p sNì ]cntim[n¨p. A Xn h¨ncp¶ XpWnIsfÃmw I¯n Nmcambn Ignªncpì. _\mdkv, Im©o]pcw, sSdnen³, ss\tem¬ XpS§n hnhn[bn\¯nÂs]« km cnIsfÃmw \jvSs¸«p. Cu kab¯mWv anlvdbpsS A½mh³ A hnsSsb¯p¶Xv. CsXms¡ ]tcXmXvam¡Ä `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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sN¿p¶tXm, IqtSm{X¯nsâ ^etam BsW ¶v hnizknçhm³ At±l¯n\v {]bmkap mbncpì. B a\pjysâ \nÀt±ia\pkcn¨m Wv anlvd F\nç t^m¬ sNbvXXv. AhÀ cpt]cpw IqSnbmWv Fs¶ hnfn¡m³ h¶ Xpw. anlvdbptSbpw A½mhtâbpw IqsS Rm³ AhcpsS ho«nteç ]pds¸«p. AhnsS sNÃp t¼mÄ AZv`pXw ImWm³ IqSnb \nch[n Imgv N¡mÀ Dmbncpì. BZytaXs¶ Rm³ A hscsbÃmw ]dªb¨p. B IpSpw_mwK§Ä am{Xambt¸mÄ Rm³ tIkv At\zjWw Bcw`n¨p. IpSpw_mwK§sf Hmtcmcp¯sc Häbvçhnfn¨v Rm³ kwkmcn¨p. B ho«n Dmb Akm[mcW§fmb kw`hhnImk §Ä AhÀ Hmtcmcp¯cpw Ihn[w F§s\ bmsW¶v a\knemçIbmbncpì Dt±iw. A h Ipdns¨Sp¯tXmsSm¸w {][m\s¸« Nne hy IvXnIÄ¡v Hcp tIs«gp¯pw GXm\pw Nne Cw¥ojv hmNI§fpamWv FgpXm³ ]dªp sImSp¯Xv. ap¼v anlvdbv¡v In«nb t{]ateJ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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\¯nse hmNI§fmbncpì Ah. FÃmhcpw AsXgpXnsb¦nepw t{]ateJ\¯n I ssI¸Sbpambn Ahbvs¡mìw tbmPn¸pm bncp¶nÃ. ]t£, Hsc®¯nse Hcp hm¡v Aåw shfn¨w \ÂIn. ‘After’ F¶ Cw¥ojv hm¡v ‘Ufter’ F¶v sXän¨mWv t{]ateJ\ ¯n FgpXnbncp¶Xv. B sXäv HcmÄ BhÀ ¯n¨ncnçì. ]t£, ssI¸Sbn Imcyamb hyXymkapv. {i²n¨pt\m¡nbt¸mÄ ssI¸S a\x]qÀhw amänsbgpXnbXmsWì tXm¶n. an knkv anlvdbptSXmbncpì B ssIb£cw. B ho«nepmb kw`h hnImk§fn ]eXn tâbpw BZy ZrIvkm£n AhcmsWìÅXpw Imcy§fpsS \nPØnXn hyIvXam¡n. ]t£, anknkv anlvdsb C¯cw Hcp am\knImh Øbnte¡v B\bn¨ kw`h hnImk§Ä Fs´ms¡bmsW¶v At¸mgpw hyIvXambncp ¶nÃ. AXn\v anlvdbptSbpw anknkv anlvdbp tSbpw klIcWw sImt Ignbpambncpì Åq.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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anlvdbpsS ho«nse {]iv\§Äç ImcWw At±l¯nsâ `mcy Xs¶bmsWìw AhcpsS am\knItcmK¯n\p ImcWw Ip]nSn¨v Nn InXvknçIbmWv thsXìw Rm³ ]dª t¸mÄ At±lw BZyw AXv AwKoIcn¨nÃ. F¦nepw At±l¯nsâ A½mhsâ \nÀ_Ôa \pkcn¨v anknknt\bpw Iq«n Fsâ ho«n h cm³ At±lw k½Xn¨p. ap³Iq«n \nivNbn¨ kab¯v anlvd Z¼ XnIÄ ]ma³IS sebn\nepÅ Fsâ ho«n hì. Rm\pw Fsâ `mcybpw IqSn anknkv an lvdsb sI«nS¯nsâ cmw \nebnepÅ Hcp apdnbnteç sImpt]mbn. AhnsS h¨v Rm³ anknkv anlvdsb ln]vt\mss«kv sN bvXp. ln]vt\m«nIv \n{Zbn AhÀ sNbvXsX Ãmw Xpdì k½Xn¨p. ‘imcn’ F¶v t]cph¨v an lvdbvç t{]ateJ\w FgpXnbXpw `À¯mhn sâ t]m¡änÂ\nìw ]Ww A]lcn¨Xpsa Ãmw AhÄ Gäp ]dªp.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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CXphsc cwK¯phcm¯ imcn BcmWv? “AXv Rm³ Xs¶” F¶mWv anknkv anlvd ]dªXv. Ahsc apIfn InS¯nbn«v Xmsg hì Rm³ anlvdtbmSv hnhc§Ä Xnc¡n. C³UybnÂ\nì h¶ ImÀWnh kwL¯n se Hcp \À¯InbmWv imcn. anlvdbpsS ISbncnç¶Xn\Sp¯ Øe¯v AhÀ hì ImÀWnh \S¯nbt¸mÄ At±lw Ahcp ambn ]cnNbs¸SpIbpmbn. AXv anknkv anlvdbn kwib§Ä P\n¸n¨p. Hcp Pq¬ 14þ\v hnam\amÀKamWv AhÀ C³Uybnteç Xncn¨pt]mbXv. Cu {]iv\§sfÃmw anknkv anlvdbpsS a\kn hÃm¯ tImfnf¡§Ä Dm¡n. AtXmsSm¸w asämcp km¼¯nI {] iv\w Ahsf Ae«n. AhfpsS A½bvt¡m ktlmZc§Ät¡m bmsXmcp klmbhpw an lvd sNbvXncp¶nÃ. AXpsImv Aåw ]Ww CSbv¡nsS tamjvSn¡m³ AhÄ \nÀ_ÔnX bmbn. CsXÃmw anknkv anlvdbpsS hyIvXnXz s¯ hnLSn¸n¨p. AhÄ Nnet¸mÄ imcnbm bpw aäpNnet¸mÄ anknkv anlvdbmbpw Pohn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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¨p. CXmWv Ahsc IqsS¡qsS t_m[clnX bm¡nbXpw. Imcy§Ä C{Xbpw hyIvXambt¸mÄ anlv dbvçw A½mh\pw kt´mjambn. Rm³ sIm Sp¯ Nne \nÀt±i§Ä A\pkcn¨v Ahsc Ãmw s]cpamdn. anlvd Z¼XnIÄ Ct¸mÄ k t´mj]qÀhw Zm¼XyPohnXw \bn¨phcpì.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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4 t{]X§fpw tdmU]IS§fpw {]kn²\pw [\mVy\pw kntemWn tamt«mÀ KXmKX¯nsâ amÀKZÀiI·mcn Hcmfpw, hÀj§Äçap¼pXs¶ s_sÃhoen \nÀ½n ¨ sUemeqsW Imdnsâ DSaØ\pamb Hcp tamt«mÀ k©mcnbpsS A\p`hIYbmWnXv. At±l¯nsâ B ImÀ Rm³ In«pv. hr¯mIrXnbn ]n¯fbn \nÀ½n¨ Hcp tdUntbädpw ]n¯fsImpXs¶bpÅ etKPv Imcnbdpw BWv AXn\pmbncp¶Xv. Kmfn \S¶ Hcp tamt«mÀ aÕc¯n ] s¦Sp¯n«v At±lw cm{Xn hfsc sshInb t¸mÄ XmakØeamb ln¡mUphm sdkväv `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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luknte¡v Imdn hcnIbmWv. hn \ndsb km[\§Ä Dmbncp¶XpsImv ss{Uhsd etKPv Imcnbdn Ccp¯nbn«v At±lw Xs¶ ImtdmSn¨p. ]pdtIm«p XncnªmWv ss{UhÀ etKPv Imcnbdn Ccp¶ncp¶Xv. UUme skant¯cnbpsS ASps¯¯nb t¸mÄ Imdnsâ sseäv s]s«¶v AWªpt]m bn. At±lw ImÀ \ndp¯n. ]pdInse etKPv Imcnbdn-Â\nìw ss{UhÀ Cd§nh¶v Imdn sâ sseäv icns¸Sp¯n ImÀ hopw apt¶m«p t]mbn. ln¡mUphm sdkväv luknsâ ap³]n se¯nbt¸mÄ ImÀ \ndp¯n. A¡mes¯ am \y·mÀ kzbw Imdnsâ tUmÀ Xpdì ]pd¯nd §p¶Xv am\yXbmbn KWn¨ncp¶nà AXpsIm v ss{UhÀ hì tUmÀ Xpdì sImSpç¶Xn \pthn At±lw Im¯ncpì. Ipd¨pt\cw Im¯ncp¶n«pw ss{Uhsd ImWmXncp¶t¸mÄ hnjat¯msS tUmÀ Xpd¶v ]pdIphi¯p sNì t\m¡n. ss{UhÀ etKPv {KnUn t_m [anÃmsX InSç¶XmWv IXv. t_m[w sX `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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fnªt¸mÄ ss{UhÀ X\nçmb A\p`hw ]dªp. UUme skant¯cnbpsS ASp¯ph¨p Im dnsâ sseäp icns¸Sp¯nbn«v ]pdInÂs¨¶ncp ¶t¸mÄ shfp¯ Hcp cq]w Imdnsâ ]pdsI HmSnhcp¶Xv AbmÄ Ip. Imdn\Sps¯¯p t´mdpw B cq]w hepXmbns¡mncpì. Ah km\w Abmsf ]nSn¡m\mbn B cq]w ssI \o«n. AbmÄ `b¶v H¨h¨p. At¸mÄ hopw B cq]w sNdpXmbns¨dpXmbn hì. ]pd InÂ\nìÅ H¨bmbXpsImv AXp ap¼n tI«panÃ. hopw B cq]w Imdns\ A\pKan ¨psImncpì. AXp Ip `b¶mWv AbmÄ t_m[wsI«pt]mbXv. ]e hn¡mÀçw U UmebnÂh¨v CXp t]mepÅ A\p`h§Ä D mbn«pv. kntem¬ Hmt«msamss_ Atkmkntbj sâ apJ]{Xamb ‘sd¡mUv’ 1961 Pqsse amk ¯n {]kn²oIcn¨ncp¶ Hcp teJ\¯nem `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Wv Cu IY. ‘sP’ Fs¶mcp teJI\mWv CsX gpXnbncp¶Xv. aäp cp IYIfpw IqSn B teJ\¯n Dmbncpì. KmÄ tdmUn asämcp A]ISkt¦Xw IqSn bpv. tKmcIm\ skant¯cnbmWXv. cm{Xn Ime§fn AhnsSbpÅ ac¯nsâ Nph«n Hcp Ip«ntbbpw FSp¯psImv Hcp kv{Xo \nÂç¶Xv ]et¸mgpw In«pv. AXphgn hcp¶ bm{X¡msc A`nhmZ\w sNbvXn«v B Ip«nsb Hs¶Sp¡Wsa¶v AhÄ Bhiys¸ Spw. CXptI«v `bs¸SpItbm Ip«nsb FSpç Itbm sNbvXm AbmÄ acnçw. Häbv¡v bm{X sNbvXmte Cu A]ISapmImdpÅq. Imdn t]mIp¶hÀ Cu kv{Xotbtbm Ip«n tbtbm In«nÃ. ]t£, ImdpImÀçw ChnsS A]ISw ]ämdpv. tdmUnsâ AXncphn«v hn Ipgnbn¸XnçIbmWv ]Xnhv. D¨¯n sXdn ]dªm Cu kv{Xobpw Ip«nbpw A{]Xy£ amIpsaì ]dbs¸Spì.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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‘sP’ F¶ teJI³ hnhcnç¶ aq¶ma s¯ IY Hcp hntZih\nXbptSXmWv. Hcp Sm Ivknbn bm{XsN¿pt¼mÄ tdmkvanUv ]vtf knÂh¨v Hcp A]IS¯n-Âs]«v AhÀ acn¨p. I\ms« skant¯cnbnemWv AhcpsS ihw AS¡nbXv. AXn\ptijw cm{Xnbn I\ms« skant¯cn¡Sp¯pÅ tdmUnÂIqSn hcp¶ SmIvkn¡v Hcp shÅ¡mcn ssI\o«pw. \ndp¯n bmepSs\ AhÀ Imdn Ibdn tdmkvanUv ]vtf knteç hn hnSm³ ]dbpw. AhnsSsNì hn \ndp¯pt¼mÄ bm{X¡mcnsb ImWpI bpanÃ. I\ms« skant¯cn¡Sp¯pÅ enIv sKbnäneqsS cm{XnIme§fn SmIvkn¡mÀ k ©cn¡m³ aSnç¶Xnsâ ImcWaXmWv. Cu aq¶v t{]XIYIfpw hmbn¨pIgnªn«v Rm³ ‘sd¡mÀUn’sâ ]{Xm[n]À¡v Xmsg¡m Wp¶hn[w Hcp Is¯gpXn Ab¨p: ‘sd¡mÀUn’sâ Pqsse e¡¯n km¦ån I§fmb aqì t{]XIYIÄ Xm¦Ä {]kn²o `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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Icn¨Xv AZv`pXIcambncnçì. b{´hÂIr Xhpw imkv{X¯nsâ t\«§fn Hìw Bb tamt«mÀ ImÀ D]tbmKnç¶hsc klmbnç hm\pÅ Hcp imkv{XamknIbn Hcn¡epw ]cntim[\mhnt[bambn«nï C¯cw ap¯ ivin¡YIÄ¡v F´mWp Øm\saì a\kn emIp¶nÃ. Cu IYIsfmìw bpIvXnt¡m A \p`h¯nt\m ]änbXsöv AXp ]cntim[n ¨m hyIvXamIpw. tKmaIm\ skant¯cnbp sS ASp¯p ImWmdpÅ kv{XobptSbpw IY ]cntim[n¨m Xmsg ]dbp¶ Imcy§Ä hyIv XamIpw. 1. Häbvç t]mIp¶hÀ am{Xta Cu kv{Xo tbbpw Ip«ntbbpw ImWmdpÅq Fì ]dbp ¶Xn \n¶v, CXn\v km£nIÄ Csöp hy IvXamIpì. 2. Häbvç sN¶hÀ Ip«nsb FSp¯n«p acn t¨m, t]Sn¨p acnt¨m, AtXm aäphà hn[ ¯nepw acnt¨m F¶v F§s\ Adnbmw? acn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¨pt]mbhÀ ]dªmte F´p \Sìsh¶dn bphm³ IgnbpIbpÅq. acn¨hÀ¡v FgpXm t\m hmbn¡mt\m ]dbmt\m \nhr¯nbnÃm ¯Xn\m teJI\mb sP.bv¡v Cu hnhcw FhnsS \nì In«nsb¶v AdntbXmWv. 3. Cu ]nimNns\ IXn\ptijw acn¡m sX c£s]«hÀçw AhÀ F§s\ acnçam bncpìsh¶v ]dbm³ km[yaÃ. Ip«nsb FSp çItbm t]SnçItbm sNbvXm AhÀ acn çambncpìsh¶v AhÀs¡§s\ \nivNbn ¡m³ Ignbpw? 4. acWs¯ XpSÀ¶v Cu kv{Xo]nimNnsâ sNhnbpw tIÄhn¡m[mcamb akvXnjv¡hpw \in¨pt]mbn«pw AXn\p i_vZw tIÄ¡m³ F§s\ Ignªp? 5. kv{Xobpw Ip«nbpw Csænepw tamt«mÀ ImdpIÄ tdmUp]cn[n hn«pt]mbn A]IS ¯n ]Xnç¶sX´psImv?
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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6. Htc Øe¯ph¨v IqSpX tdmU]IS §Ä DmIpt¼mÄ t{]X¯nsâ km¶n[yw sImÃ, tdmUnsâ Ipg¸wsImmWv AXp kw`hnç¶Xv F¶tà IcpXm³ \ymbw? aäp cmPy§fnemsW¦n C¯cw L«§fn tdm Uv F©n\obÀamcpsS {i² ]Xnbpw. F¶mÂ, kntemWn CXv IämUnbamÀ¡v Hcp Ahkcambn. 7. GXp `mjbn sXdn]dªmepw B kv {Xo ]nimNv t]mIptam? F¦nehÄ Hcp _lp `mjm ]ÞnXbmbncn¡WatÃm. AtXm Hcp {]tXyI `mjbn sXdn ]dbm³ Adnªp Iq Sm¯hÀ¡v c£bnÃtÃm? 8. Cu Øe¯pIqSn Häbvç k©cn¨n«v acnt¡nh¶hcpsS Hcp ]«nI teJI\mb sP.bv¡v Xcm³ Ignbptam? A]arXyp Imcym t\zjW dnt¸mÀ«pItfm, t]meokv tcJItfm CXn\v sXfnhmbn D²cn¡mtam?
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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9. Cu tdmUneqsS cm{Xnbn k©cn¨n«v H cp A]IShpw ]äm¯ At\Imbncw BfpIÄ DsìÅ hnhcw teJI\mb sP.bv¡v Adn bmtam? Rm³ Ahcn HcmfmWv. “I\ms«bnÂh¨p Imd]ISapmbXns\¯p SÀ¶v {]Xy£s¸Smdpsì ]dbs¸Sp¶ sh Å¡mcnbpsS t{]Xw, AXphgn Häbvç ]e {]mhiyw Imdn k©cn¨n«pÅ Rm³ CXp hsc In«nÃ. ]cnNbapÅ ]e ss{UhÀam tcmSpw At\zjn¨n«v Ahcpw In«nsÃì ]d bp¶p. Cu IYbn Cu shÅ¡mcnbpsS t{] Xw ]mivNmXy k{¼Zmb¯n hkv{Xw [cn¨m tWm AtXm \Kv\bmbn«mtWm {]Xy£s¸Sm dpÅsXì ]dªn«nÃ. \Kv\bmbn«mWv A hÀ h¶sX¦n SmIvkn¡mÀ, ImÀ \ndp¯n Ahsc Ibäm³ CSbnÃ. adn¨v, B t{]Xw Po hn¨ncnç¶hsct¸mse hkv{Xw [cn¨ncpì sh¦n acWm\´c PohnX¯n {]thinç t¼mÄ ihçgnbnÂ\n¶v hkv{X§tfmSp IqSn Xs¶ AhÀ hcpìsh¶v IcptXnhcpw. ih `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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çgnbnÂh¨v \in¨pt]mIp¶ hkv{X§Äçw At¸mÄ ‘]p\ÀP·’apsì hcpì. UUme bnÂh¨v Imdnsâ ]pdsI HmSnsb¯nb ]nim Nnsâ ‘shÅ hkv{X’¯nsâ Imcy¯nepw Cu kwibapv. acWt¯mSpIqSn \in¨pt]mIp ¶ amwkt]inIfpw tISp hìt]mIp¶ A ØnIfpw t{]X§Äs¡§s\bmWv Xncn¨p In«pI? “I\ms« skant¯cnbnse ihçgnbnÂh¨v Noªpt]mb \m¡v, Npv, IcÄ, akvXnjvIw F¶nh B hntZi h\nXbpsS BXvamhns\ §s\ Xncn¨pIn«n? AhbpsS klmbanÃmsX AhÄ F§s\ ss{UhÀamtcmSp kwkmcn¨p? AtXm, t{]X§Äç kwkmcn¡m³ aäphà amÀK§fpaptm? aäpÅhÀç i_vZambn tXm¶¯¡hn[¯n hmbphn hà {]tXy I Ne\§fpw Ah krjvSnç¶Xmbn sXfnbn ¡mtam?”
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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‘sd¡mÀUv’ ]{X¯n Cu IYIÄ ]pd¯p h¶n«v Ct¸mÄ Ggp hÀj§fmbn. CXn\nS bn Cu IYIfn hnhcnç¶ ]e Øe ¯pw Rm³ Häbvç cm{XnIme§fn k©cn ¨n«pv. ]t£, Cu ]dbp¶ shÅ¡mcntb tbm, sIm¨ns\ FSp¯ kv{Xosbtbm, Imdn sâ ]pdsI HmSp¶ t{]Xs¯tbm In«nÃ. CXntesX¦nepw In«pÅ Hcp ss{Uhtdbpw F\nç ImWm\pw IgnªnÃ.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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5 t{]Xw t{]ançì! eX AhcpsS kv¡qfnse s\ävt_mÄ Soansâ Iym]vä\mbncpì. AhcpsS Sow, sImfwt_m bnÂ\nì h¶ {]ikvXamsbmcp Soans\ ]cm Pbs¸Sp¯nb hnhcw hfsc hniZambn kn temWnse Nne Zn\]{X§fn A¨Sn¨phì. Iq«¯n eXbpsS t^mt«mbpw {]kvXpX ]{X §fn {]kn²oIcn¨ncpì. k´pjvSamb Ip Spw_PohnXw \bn¨ph¶ cWknwK Z¼XnIfp sS aq¯ ]p{Xnbmbncpì eX. Kh¬saâv DtZymKØ\mbncp¶ cWknwK bpsS hcpam\w XmcXtay\ Ipdhmbncpìsh ¦nepw Xsâ a¡Äçthn \à hkv{X§Ä AbmÄ hm§nsImSp¯psImncpì. cWknw K Z¼XnIÄ X§fpsS a-¡sf A{Xb[nIw kvt\ln¨ncpì. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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]Tn¯¯nsâ Imcy¯nepw eX kaÀ°bm bncpì. kv¡qfnse hnZymÀ°n\nIÄs¡Ãmw Ahsf¸än \à A`n{]mbambncpì Dmbncp ¶Xv. Fkv.Fkv.FÂ.kn. ¢mknteçÅ an¡ k½m\§fpw t\Snb Ahsf slUvankv{Skv k½m\Zm\ aoänwKn h¨v {]iwkn¨p kwkm cnçIbpw sNbvXp. eX hfsc kpµcnbmbncpì. Hcp kuµcydm Wnbmhm\pÅ tbmKyXhsc AhÄçmbn cpì. Gähpw \à thjhn[m\§tfmsS kv¡q fn sNÃmdpmbncp¶ eX ASp¯pÅ t_m bvkv sslkv¡qfnse Ip«nIsf hfscb[nIw BIÀjn¨ncp¶p. AhÄ ]s¦Spç¶ \mSI ¯n\pw \r¯¯n\pw aäpw Sn¡äpIÄ sNehm Im³ bmsXmcp _-p²nap«panÃmbncpì. Ahfp sS \r¯hpw Km\§fpw B¬Ip«nIfpsS I ®n\pw Icfnepw AarX[mcbmbncpì. s]s«s¶mcp ZnhkamWv eXbv¡v `mhhy XymkapmbXv. Fkv. Fkv. FÂ. kn. ]co £ XoÀ¶ Znhkw apXemWv Cu amäw Zriyam `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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bXv. kv¡qfn t]mhm³ AhÄ¡v Xosc Xm åcyanÃmXmbn. s]mXpsh Dt·jhXnbmbncp ¶ AhÄ FÃmImcy§fnepw hnaqJbmbn. H cp aqIX AhfpsS apJ¯v kZmkabhpw \nd ªp \nì. cWknwK Z¼Xnamsc kw_Ôn¨n St¯mfw kzm`mhnIambn CXv hÃm¯ hnjaw Dfhm¡n. cmhnse Fgpt¶ä DSs\ eX t{^mç amdp¶Xv AhfpsS A½ {i²n¨p. aqì \mep Znhk§fn CXp XpSÀ¶t¸mÄ AhÀ AtX ¸än eXtbmSp tNmZn¨p. cm{Xnbn [cnç¶ hkv{X§Ä Iodnt¸mhpìshìw F§s\bm Wv Ah Iodp¶sX¶v AdnbnsÃìw AhÄ A½tbmSp ]dªp. cm{Xnbn [cn¨ncp¶ t{^mçIÄ AhÀ ]cntim[n¨t¸mÄ, cp aqì Øe§fn AXv Iodnbncp¶Xmbn I p. Hì cmgvN sImv AhfpsS FÃm t{^mçIfpw Iodnt¸mbn. AhfpsS A½ eX tbmSv tZjys¸SpIbpw tZjyw \nb{´n¡m\m
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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hm¯ Hchkc¯n IcW¯v XÃpIbpw sN bvXp. {]iv\w CXpsImsmìw Ahkm\n¨nÃ. Ahiyw ad¨phbvt-¡ `mK§fnÂ, ASp¯ Znhkw, t{^m¡v I{XnI sImv apdn¨ncnç¶ Xmbn ImWs¸«p. Iodm¯ t{^mçIsfmìw Csömbt¸mÄ eX AsXms¡ Xbvs¨Sp ¡m³ XpS§n. kwKXnIÄ hjfmbn¯pS§nb t¸mÄ, GsX¦nepw sNIp¯msâtbm t{]X ¯nsâtbm {]hr¯nIfmWnsX¶v cWknwK Z¼XnIÄ Dd¨p. AhÀ Hcp IämUnbsb hcp ¯n. AbmÄ \me©p klmbnItfmsSm¸w hcnIbpw ‘sXmhnÂ’ XpS§nb a{´hmZ§ sfms¡ Bcw`nçIbpw sNbvXp. hoSnsâ aqe Ifn Fs´ms¡tbm Ipgn¨n«Xn\p tijw 200 cq]m {]Xn^ehpw hm§n IämUnbamÀ Øewhn«p. a{´hmZ§Äç tijw Ipg¸§Ä Ipdªn sÃì am{Xaà IqSpIbpw sNbvXp. Ae¡nb Xn\ptijw DW§m\n«ncp¶ XpWnIfnepw a `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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äpw XosImpÅ sNdnb kpjnc§Ä {]Xy £s¸Sm³ XpS§nbXv Cu Ahkc¯nemWv. ]I kab§fnemWv CXp kw`hn¨sX¶ XmWv hnNn{Xamb asämcp hkvXpX. {ItaW AhfpsS FÃm hkv{X§fpw Iodn¸dnªp. Iodnb hkv{X§Ä D]tbmKn¡m\mhm¯Xp ImcWw AhÄ apdnçÅn Xs¶ HXp§n¡ gn-ªp. Xbv¨p icnbm¡m\mhm¯hn[w hkv {X§Ä Iodnt¸mbncpì. I{XnI, I¯n, _vtf Uv, Xos¸«n XpS§nb km[\§Ä Hcp Xc¯n epw AhfpsS apdnbn F¯mXncnçhm³ AhfpsS A½ {]tXyIw {i²nçIbpw sN bvXp. cWknwK Z¼XnIÄ ZpxJmÀ¯cmbn¯oÀ ì. AhÀ Hcp ajn t\m«¡mcs\ sImph ì. acn¨pt]mb Hcp A½mhsâ t{]XamWv hkv{X§Ä Iodp¶sX¶v AbmÄ ajnt\m¡n ]dªp. eXbv¡v A½mh·mcnÃmXncp¶Xp sImv ajnt\m«¡mc³ ]dªXv AhfpsS amXm]nXm¡Ä sNhns¡mnÃ. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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Hcp Znhkw cmhnse Dd¡sagpt¶ä DSs\ eX s]m«n¡cªp. Ignª cm{Xnbn cpX hW Hcp t{]Xw h¶ncpìshìw BZyw Ah fpsS tZlamsI am´pIbpw ISnçIbpw sN bvX t{]Xw, cmas¯ XhW apSn apdns¨Sp ¯pshìw A½tbmSv AhÄ ]dªp. \op Npcpv `wKnbpÅ AhfpsS apSn apdnªv Xmsg¡nS¶ncpì. Xsâ hkv{X§Ä Iodp¶Xv F§s\bmsW¶dnbnsömbncpì AhÄ A Xphsc ]dªpsImncp¶Xv. cm{Xn FÃmh cpw Dd§n¡gnbpt¼mÄ t{]Xw h¶v hkv{X §Ä hen¨p IodpIbpw, Nnet¸msgms¡ Xo s¡mÅnIÄ sImv XpWnbn kpjnc§Ä DmçIbpw Xt¶mSv aÃnSpIbpw sN¿pì sh¶v AhÄ ]dbm³ XpS§n. AhÄ Ipfn¨n«v Znhk§ÄXs¶ Ignªncp ì. cWknwK Xsâ `mcybpsS ktlmZc\v Hcp Is¯gpXn. {]kn²\msbmcp _p²aX ]ptcm lnXs\bpwsImv Xm³ ASp¯ Znhkw X s¶ hcpìsh¶v AbmÄ adp]Snbpw FgpXn. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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_p²aX ]ptcmlnX³ hcp¶Xnsâ XteZnh kw anknkv cWknwK Xsâ aIsf _eambn Ipfn¸n¨t¸mgmWv A¡mcyw AhcpsS {i² bn s]«Xv. eXbpsS s\©nepw XpSIfnepsams¡ am´n¡odnbXnsâ ]mSpIÄ ImWm\p mbncpì. heXpssIbn ISn¨ ]mSpw sXfn ªp Ip. AXpIv B A½ ]cn{`m´bm bXn AZv`pXanÃtÃm. _p²aX]ptcmlnX³ ASp¯ Znhkw h¶v a{´hmZhpw Nne B`nNmc{]hr¯nIfpsam s¡ \S¯n. th{X {]Xn^esams¡ sImSp ¯mWv cWknwK Abmsf aS¡n Ab¨Xv. c paqì Znhkt¯ç t{]X_m[bpsS Ipg ¸§Ä CÃmXmsb¦nepw hopw IqSpX iIv Xambn AXv BhÀ¯n¨p. Ipd¨p Znhk§ÄIqSn IgnªtijamWv cWknwK, sImfwt_mbnse ]ma³IS sebn \nepÅ Fsâ `h\¯n hcp¶Xv. Rm\pw Fsâ `mcybpw IqSn ASp¯ Znhkw cW knwKbpsS ho«nse¯n. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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R§Ä cpt]cpwIqSn eXbpsS apdnbn sN¶v Ahsf ]cntim[n¨p. Iodnt¸mbXpw Xo sImp XpfªXpamb [mcmfw hkv{X§Ä eX R§sf ImWn¨p. FÃm IodepIfpw Zzmc §fpsam¡ hkv{X§fpsS ap³`mK¯p am{X ambncpì F¶Xv F\nç hnNn{Xambnt¯m ¶n. shfp¯ \ndhpw Btcbpw BIÀjnç¶ apJhpw Nncnçt¼mÄ cp IhnfpIfnepw {]Xy£s¸Sp¶ \pWçgnIfpapÅ eX B tcmKyhXnbmbncpì. t{]Xw apdn¨ apSnbpw am\knI hnja§fpw _-p²nap«pIfpw Ahfp sS BtcmKys¯ \nkmcambnt¸mepw _m[n¨ Xmbn tXm¶nbnÃ. AhÄ¡v {]mb¯ntesd hfÀ¨bpmbncpì. ap³\ncbnse ]ÃpIÄ X½n Aåw AIeapmbncps¶¦nepw AXv AhfpsS kuµcys¯ hÀ²n¸n¨tXbpÅq. Rm³ \nÀt±in¨X\pkcn¨v Fsâ `mcy Ip ª½, eXbpsS icocw apgph³ ]cntim[n¨p. het¯¯pSbpsS AI`mK¯pw CSt¯ ape `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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bnepw am´nb ]mSpIÄ ImWm\pmbncp¶p. heXp ssIbpsS Dc¯n Hcp ISn Ip. ]Ãn sâ ASbmfw {i²n¨t¸mÄ AhbpsS \Sp¡v t\À¯ hnShpÅ Imcyw Rm³ {i²n¨p. eXtbmSv I«nen InSçhm³ ]dªn«v Kuch`mh¯n Hcp aWn¡qÀ AhtfmSv kw kmcn¨p. Cu Ahkc¯n AhÄ ]dªXv GXmv C§s\bmWv: “cm{Xnbn Hcp bphmhv Fsâ ASp¯p h cmdpv. At±l¯nsâ Npw_\taämWv Rm³ Dd¡w sXfnbp¶Xv. At±lw _ehm\mWv. F \n¡v a[pc]elmc§fpw kpKÔ{Zhy§fpw XcnIbpw At±lt¯msSm¸w ]pd¯p Im¯p \nÂç¶ Imdn hcphm³ \nÀ_ÔnçIbpw sN¿pw. Rm³ k½Xn¡mXncnçt¼mÄ Fs¶ At±lw _eambn ISì]nSnçw. B _lf ¯n\nSbnemWv Fsâ t{^mçIÄ Iodnt¸mhp ¶Xv. hkv{X§Ä Iodm³ k½Xn¨nsæn I {XnI D]tbmKn¨v AsXÃmw sh«napdnçw. A t±lw Hcp ipWvTn¡mc\mWv. tZjyw hcp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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t¼mÄ Fs¶ ISnçIbpw aqÀ¨bpÅ \J §ÄsImv am´pIbpw sN¿pw. Nnet¸mÄ H cp cm£ks\t¸mse At±lw hfcpw. F¶n«v Fs¶ s]m¡nsbSpçw. FXnÀ¯m Fs¶ XmsgbnSpw. At±lamWv Hcp Znhkw Fsâ apSn apdn¨pIfªXv.” “B OmbbpsS Bscsb¦nepw ap¼v eX In«ptm?” Rm³ tNmZn¨p. “kv¡qfnse ^pSvt_mÄ Iym]vä\mb ebWens\t¸msebmWv B t{]X¯nsâ cq]w. Rm\pw ebWepw an¡hmdpw ImWmdpmbn cpì. ]et¸mgpw R§Ä kwkmcn¡mdpapm bncpì. ]t£ Fsâ ebW aqìamkw ap¼v Hcp Imd]IS¯n acn¨p. ebW anSp anSp¡\mbncpì. R§fpsS Sow aXvkcnç¶ Ahkc§fnsems¡ AhnsSsb¯n ebW R§sf \¶mbn t{]mXvkmln¸nçambncp ì.”- IcªpsImmWv Cu hnhc§Ä eX ]dªXv.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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eXsb ln]vt\mss«kv sNbvXv Rm³ tNm Zyw XpSÀì. kz´w icoc¯n am´nbXpw ISn¨Xpw hkv{X§Ä IodnbXpw AhÄ Xs¶ bmsW¶v eX Ft¶mSp k½Xn¨p. C\nsbmcn ¡epw A§s\ sN¿pIbnsöv AhÄ F t¶mSv hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. Fsâ \nÀt±ia\pkcn¨v AXphsc ]pd¯p \n¶ncp¶ ho«pImtcmsSm¶n¨v, Nne aWn¡qdp IÄçtijw, Blmcw Ignç¶Xn\nSbn hkvXpXIÄ Rm³ cWknwK Z¼XnItfmSv hn kvXcn¨p ]dªp. ad¨phbvt¡ kwKXnIÄ ad¨phbvçIbpw sNbvXp. _ehm\pw tbmPn ¨h\pamb HcmÄ¡v F{Xbpw s]s«¶v eXsb hnhmlw sNbvXp sImSp¡Wsa¶v Rm³ \nÀ t±in¨p. km[nçsa¦n Hcp kvt]mÀSvkvams\ Ip]nSnç¶Xmhpw \ÃXv. Cu kw`h¯n\ptijw IqSpX hnhc§Ä ¡mbn Fs¶ kao]n¨ Hcp ]{XteJIt\mSv Rm³ hniZoIcn¨p:
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
82
heXpssIbmWv eX km[mcW D]tbmKn ¡mdpÅXv. AhfpsS CSXphis¯ amdnepw heXp XpSbpsS AIhi¯pamWv am´epIÄ IXv. Ch heXpssIsImp km[nç¶h bmWv. t{]XamWv AhfpsS icoc¯n apdn thånç¶sX¦n XoÀ¨bmbpw heXp s\©n epw ]mSpmthXmbncpì. heXp ssIbn se ISn¨pmb apdnhn ]ÃpIfpsS AIew {]ISambncpì. C¡mcW§Ä sImv, AhÄ Ipäw k½Xn¨nÃmbncps¶¦n t]mepw Ipg¸ §fpsS ImcWw AhÄ Xs¶bmsW¶ \nKa \¯n Rm³ F¯nt¨cpambncpì. eX BXv amÀ°ambpw hnizkn¨ncp¶Xv Hcp t{]XamWv CsXÃmw sN¿p¶Xv F¶mWv. “km[mcW ]etcbpw t]mse t{]X§sf¸ änbpÅ IYIÄ tI«mWv eXbpw hfÀì h¶ Xv. a\kn\v BLmXtaÂçt¼mgpw ITn\amb am\knIhyYbpmIpt¼mgpw D]t_m[a\ kn \n¶v C¯cw IYIÄ XebpbÀ¯pì. AhsbÃmw kXyamsW¶ [mcW C¡q«À¡v `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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DmhpIbpw sN¿pw. Cu AhØbn Xm³ sN¿p¶sX´msW¶v eXbv¡v ]n¶oSv HmÀ ¡m³ km[n¨ncp¶nÃ. hgç ]dªXpsIm tm imkn¨XpsImtm CXp t`ZamhpIbnÃ. imkv{Xobamb hniIe\amWv thXv.” “Cu hn{`m´nbpsS ImcWsa´mWv?”- ]{X teJI³ tNmZn¨p. “AaÀ¯s¸« ssewKnIm`n\nthiamsW¶m Wv Fsâ A`n{]mbw. AtX XpSÀ¶v AhÄ ZpxJnXbmbn. ]Xn\mdp hbkp am{Xta {]mbap mbncpìÅpsh¦nepw ssewKnIambn AhÄ hfÀ¨ {]m]n¨p Ignªncpì. ^pSvt_mÄ Ifn ¡mc\mb ebWent\mSv AhÄ¡v CjvSapm bncpì. AhÄ ]s¦Spç¶ aXvkc§Ä Im Wm³ AbmÄ hcpsaì ]dbpt¼mÄ, AbmÄ ¡v AhtfmSpw Xmåcyapmbncps¶¶v Duln ¡mw. ebWensâ acWw AhÄt¡ä I\¯ BLmXambncpì. ebW AhfpsS Bcpa ÃmXncp¶XpsImv BÄ¡mÀ Im¬sI Ic bm³t]mepw eXbv¡v km[n¨nÃ. ZpxJw AhÄ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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ISn¨aÀ¯n. {ItaW CsXmcp hn{`m´nbmbn amdn. “kz´w B{Kl§fpsS k¦å¯neqsSbp Å ]qÀ¯oIcWw am{Xambncpì, cm{Xnbn ebWensâ t{]Xw h¶v Npw_nçìshìw Imdntebv¡v £WnçìshìapÅ [mcW bv¡m[mcw. Xsâ icoc¯nse \nKqVamb `mK§Ä {]ZÀin¸n¨v ImapIs\ ]chi\m¡m \pÅ {ia¯nsâ `mKambn«mbncn¡Ww A hÄ hkv{X§Ä hen¨pIodnbXv. At±lw aÃn Spìshìw Nnet¸mÄ cm£kcq]w {]m]nç ìshìw aäpw ]dªXn \n¶v, _ehm\mb Hcmsf Xsâ CWbmbn eX B{Klnçìsh ¶v Rm³ a\knem¡n. AXmWv AhfpsS ANv Ov\½amtcmSv Rm³ A§s\ D]tZin¨Xv. cWknwK Z¼XnIÄ aIfpsS B{Kl¯n\\p krXamb coXnbn {]hÀ¯n¨p.” eXbpsS Zm¼XyPohnXw hnPbIcambncp ì. AhÄ¡nt¸mÄ cp Ip«nIfpv, Hcp aI\pw Hcp aIfpw. cp hÀj§Äç ap¼v `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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`À¯mhnt\msSm¸w Fs¶ ImWms\¯nb eX ]n¶osSmcn¡epw t{]X_m[ Dmbn«nsà ¶v ]dªp.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
86
6 B\adpX a\pjya\knse `mh\m Nn{X§Ä am{XamWv `qXt{]XmZnIÄ. sNdp¸w apX HcmÄ `qXt{] XmZnIsf¸än tIÄçIbpw B `b¯n hf cpIbpw sNbvXm AbmÄ ]n¶osSmcn¡se ¦nepw Ahsb ImWmXncnçIbnÃ. `qXIY IÄ tIÄçItbm Ahsb t]Sn¨p hfcpI tbm sNbvXn«nÃm¯ HcmÄ `qX§sf ImWpI bpanÃ. `qX`banÃmsX Hcp Ip«nsb hfÀ¯nbm CXp am{Xaà {]tbmP\w. kwkv¡mck¼¶ \pw hnizkvX\pambn hfÀì hcp¶Xn\v AXv Ahs\ klmbnçw. t]Sn¨phfcp¶ Ip«n `o cphmbn¯ocm\mWv Ffp¸w. `b¯mÂXs¶ Ah³ \pWb\mbn¯ocm\pw km²yXbpv. Hcp `b¸mSpmbmÂ, AsX{X ASnØm\an `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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Ãm¯XmsW¦n IqSn, AXn \nì c£s] Sm³ Ah³ F´pw sNbvsXì hcpw. Ip«nIÄ imTyw ]nSnçt¼mÄ Ahsc sNIp ¯mt\m b£nt¡m C«psImSpçsaì ]dªv `bs¸Sp¯p¶ amXm]nXm¡Ä tIcf¯nepv. kntemWn ‘tKmWn_nÃ’ F¶ ]nimNnsâ t]cp ]dªmWv Ip«nIsf `bs¸Sp¯p¶Xv. tKän\p ]pd¯p t]mbm t]meokpImct\m k\ymkntbm ]nSnçw Fì ]dªv `bs¸Sp ¯p¶ amXm]nXm¡fpw IpdhÃ. C§s\sbm s¡ sN¿pt¼mÄ Ahcptm Adnbpì, F{X henb A]ISamWv AhÀ X§fpsS Ip«nIÄ ¡v hcp¯n hbvç¶sX¶v! PohnX Imea{X bpw Hcp XocmtcmKambn `bw AhcpsS a\ kn XfwsI«n \nÂçw. KmÄ F¶ Øe s¯ dn¨vav tImtfPn ]Tn¸nç¶ Ime¯v F\nçXs¶ Hcp A\p`hapmbn. tIcf ¯n ‘B\adpX’ Fì ]dbmdpÅ ]nimNn s\bmWv Rm³ IXv. kw`hw C{]Imcambn cpì: `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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A[ym]IÀçthn Hcp Ip¶nsâ apIfn ]WnXncp¶ Hcp IzmÀt«gvknemWv R§Ä Xmakn¨ncp¶Xv. tItfPv Zn\¯nÂ, tImtfPv lmfnÂh¨p \S¯nb ]mÀ«nbn kw_Ônç ¶Xn\p thn Rm\pw `mcy Ipª½bpwIqSn t]mbn. ]cn]mSnIÄ Ignªt¸mÄ ]mXncm{Xn bmbncpì. ImdnÃmXncp¶XpsImv \Sì t]mIm³Xs¶ R§Ä Xocpam\n¨p. `qXt{] XmZnIfpsS Bhmk tI{µsa¶ \nebn {] kn²amb Hcp IS¼phr£¯nsâ Nph«neqsS bmWv R§Äç t]mtInbncp¶Xv. cm{Xn bn Hcp kv{Xotbbpw sImv B hgn t]mI cpsX¶v Nne kplr¯p¡Ä Ft¶mSp ]d ªp. AXp hIhbv¡msX R§Ä \Sì. `qX t{]XmZnIÄ CsÃì hnizknç¶ R§Ä¡v Hcp Iqkepw tXm¶nbnÃ. ]t£, B ac¯n\Sp¯v sN¶t¸mÄ ]cp] cp¯ Hcp IqÀ¡w henbpsS i_vZw R§Ä tI«p. ]mXncmIgnª kab¯v, ImSp ]nSn¨ B Øe¯v, AXpw `qXt{]XmZnIfpsS Bhm k tI{µsa¶v {]kn²amb B ac¯nsâ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
89
Nph«nÂ, a\pjysâ IqÀ¡when tIÄçIbn söv \nivNbamWtÃm! t\cnb `bw R§sf cpt]tcbpw {Kkn¨p. ac¯n\Sp¯v i_vZw tI« `mKt¯bvç kq£n¨pt\m¡nb Ipª ½ ]dªp: “At¿m! B\! B\!” Rm\pw At§m«pt\m¡n. kwKXn kXyam Wv. `oamImc\mb Hcm\ Xp¼nss¡ DbÀ¯n s¡mv ASpçIbmWv. PohnXw Ahkm\n¨p FìXs¶ Hcp \nanjw Rm³ IcpXn. Fsâ hnizmk{]amW§Ä BsI XIcpIbmtWm? B Ime¯v CW§nb B\IÄ t]mepw Km fn Dmbncp¶nà Fs¶\n¡dnbmw. A t¸mÄ R§Ä ImWp¶Xv ‘B\adpX’ F¶ `qXs¯bmWv. F´psN¿Wsa¶dnbmsX \n ivNecmbn R§Ä \nì. HmSm³t]mepw A t¸mÄ R§Ä¡v Ignhpmbncp¶nÃ. ]t£, B\adpX R§sf ]nSn¨nÃ. ]t£, taLam eIÄ¡nSbn AXphsc adªp\n¶ncp¶ N{µ³ ]pd¯phì. IS¼phr£¯e¸pIÄ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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¡nSbneqsS N{µnI Hen¨nd§nbt¸mgmWv R §Ä I B\adpXbpsS clkyw a\knem bXv. ac¯nsâ Nph«n ]mÀçsNbvXncp¶ Hcp ImdmWv B\adpXbmbn R§Ä¡v tXm ¶nbXv. R§Ä tI« ]cp]cp¡\mb IqÀ¡w hen AXn InSìd§nb \nc]cm[nbmb ss{UhdptSXmbncpì. atätXm Øe¯p\n ìw h¶ AbmÄ¡v B hr£s¯¸änbpÅ IYIÄ AdnªpIqSmbncpì. AXpsImv bmsXmcp `bhpw IqSmsX AhnsS InSìd§p hm³ AbmÄ¡v km[n¨p. ChnsS Nne tNmZy§Ä kzm`mhnIambn D mImw. `mh\bnemWv R§Ä B\adpXsb IsX¦n Rm\pw `mcybpw Htc kabw B\sb IsX´psImv? `qXt{]XmZnIfn hnizmkanÃm¯ R§Äs¡§s\ B `mh\ bpmbn? Hcp a\ximkv{XÚs\ kw_\v[n¨nSt¯m fw CXnsâ D¯cw hfsc eLphmWv. Rm\pw Ipª½bpw `qXt{]XmZnIfn hnizknç¶n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
91
sænepw B hr£¯n Ah hknçìs ¶ IY ]e {]mhiyw tI«v AXp R§fpsS D]t_m[ a\kn ASnªp InS¶ncpì. ss{UhdpsS IqÀ¡w hen tI«t¸mÄ a\kn epmb `oXnbn D]t_m[a\kn kw`cn¨n cnç¶ IYIÄ¡v cq]w Dmbn. BZyw A t§m«pt\m¡nb Ipª½bv¡v AXv B\bm bn«mWv tXm¶nbXv. AhÀ¡v sNdp¸¯n ` bw P\n¸n¨n«pÅ Pohnbmbncn¡mw AXv. B \sb¶v AhÀ ]dbp¶Xp tI«t¸mÄ Fsâ a\knepw B\bpsS cq]w DbÀìhì. `qXIYIsf kw_\v[n¨nSt¯mfw Ht¶m AXne[nItam BfpIfpsS km£yw t]mepw kXyambncn¡Wsa¶nà F¶v Cu A\p`hw Fs¶ ]Tn¸n¨p. HcmfpsS D]t_m[a\kn \nìmIp¶ {]XnIcW¯n\v ASp¯p \nÂ ç¶ hyIvXnIfpsS a\knt\bpw Ffp¸¯n kzm[o\nçhm³ Ignbpw. a\pjy a\knsâ i IvXnIsf Hcp¯Àçw CXphsc Af¡m³ Ign ªn«nÃ. AZv`pX§Ä {]hÀ¯n¡m\pw kzbw \in¡m\pw IgnhpÅ Hcp {]Xn`mkamWnXv. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
92
Ip«nIÄ \Ãhcmbn hfcWsa¶m{Klnç¶ amXm]nXm¡·mÀ HcpXc¯nepapÅ AÔhn izmkhpw Ahsc ]Tn¸n¡cpXv. Hcp sNdnb ]co£WwsImv a\knsâ iIvXn shfnhm ¡mw. Hcmsf ln]vt\m«nIv \n{Zbnem¡nbn«v I¯n ¨ knKcäpsImv AbmfpsS Ihnfn sXm Sm³ t]mIpìsh¶v ]dbpI. AbmÄ apJ¯v Xo s]mÅmXncn¡m³ Xe amäpw. Cu kabw shdpsX ssIhnc sImv apJ¯p sXm«m Akl\obamb thZ\sImv AbmÄ ]pf bpw. s]mÅ icnçw A\p`hs¸Spw. t\sca dn¨v bYmÀ°¯nepÅ XobpsS iIvXnsbt¸m epw HcXncphsc XSªp\nÀ¯m³ Ignbp¶ kµÀ`§fpv. ln]vt\m«nIv \n{Zbnemb Hcp hyIvXn acs¡m¼msW¶ [mcWtbmsS Xo bn kv]Àin¨m s]mÅpIbnÃ. asämcmfpsS \nÀt±ianÃmsXXs¶ a\pjy³ ]et¸mgpw kz bw ln]vt\mss«kv sN¿s¸Smdpv. AÔam b `IvXnsImmWv C§s\ km[nç¶Xv. C ¯cw L«§fn Xobn \S¡m\pw s]mÅ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
93
te¡msX Xncn¨pt]mcm\pw Ignbpw. aX]c amb Iq« lnkväocnb _m[n¨hÀ kwLwkw Lambn Xobn \Sçw. GXm\pw hÀ§Äç ap¼v kv¡qÄ Zn\t¯mS\p_Ôn¨p \S¶ Hcp {]ZÀi\¯n NneÀ AKv\nbn¡qSn \S¶Xv Rmt\mÀçì. Imtem ssItbm s]mÅmsX hkv{X§Äçt]mepw tISp]ämsX XobneqsS a\pjy³ \Sì t]mIp¶Xv A¶v ]etcbpw AZv`pXs¸Sp¯n. Cu ]cn]mSn Ignªt¸mÄ Hcp Atacn¡³ hnt\mZbm{XmkwLw bmZrNv OnIambn AhnsSsb¯n. AKv\n{]thiw A hÀçthn ImWn¨p sImSp¡msa¦n Hcp henb XpI \ÂImsa¶v AhÀ ]dªp. AX \pkcn¨v B ]cn]mSn Hcn¡Â¡qSn \S¯ s¸«p. ]W¯n\pthn \S¯s¸« Cu ]cn]m Sn aX]camb Hcp IÀ½asöv hyIvXamW tÃm. ]cnioe\wsImpw Xobn \S¡m³ Ign bpw. sIm÷mÀ ssIsImv Xo¡\ FSp ¯nSp¶Xv Rm³ In«pv. ASp¡fbn tPmen sN¿p¶ kv{XoIfpw ssIsImv Xosb `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
94
Sp¡pw. Ahcn BcptSbpw ssI s]mÅmdnÃ. s]mÅp¶Xn\mhiyamb kabw Xo¡« ssI bn h¨psImncp¶nà F¶XmWv AXn\p ImcWw. AXpt]mseXs¶bmWv AKv\nbn \Sç¶Xpw. aX]camb HcpXcw lnkväocnb _m[n¨v AhÀ hfsc thK¯n HmSn\SçI bmWv. s]mÅm³ th{X kabw Xobn \n¡m¯XpsImv s]mÅp¶nsÃìam{Xw. a X]ctam BXvaobtam Bb GsX¦nepw iIvXn sImv \Kv\]mZ\mbn cpan\näp kabw s]mÅte¡msX BÀs¡¦nepw Xobn \n¡msa¦n Ccp]¯¿mbncw cq]hsc C ¡mcy¯n Rm³ ]´bw hbv¡mw. a\knsâ eoeIÄ asämcp ]co£WwsIm pIqSn hyIvXam¡mw. HcmÄ¡v Hcp ]m{Xw ip²Pew IpSnçhm³ sImSpçI. Ipsd ka bw Ign-ªv B ]m{X¯n Hcp ]pgp InS¶n cpìsh¶v ]dbpI; shÅw IpSn¨ km[p A Xp kXyamsWì IcpXn Hm¡m\n¡m\pw OÀ ±n¡m\pw XpS§pw. AgpçshÅw apgph\pw ]pd¯pt]msbì t_m[yw hcp¶Xphsc A `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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bmÄ OÀ±nçw. Asæn ]dªXp Ifhm bncpìsh¶v Abmsf t_m[ys¸Sp¯Ww. {]iv\§sf A`napJoIcnçhm\pÅ Ignhp tISpw `bhpamWv AÔhnizmk§sf B{I bn¡m³ a\pjysc t{]cn¸nç¶Xv.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
96
7 Sw_vfÀ tPmXvkyw 1943. kntemWnse Ncn{X{]kn²amb KmÄ F ¶ U¨ptIm«bn XmaknçIbmbncpì R §Ä. B hÀjw sk]vXw_À amk¯nÂ, ]Xn \mep hbkpÅ ]o¸n F¶ the¡mc³ ]¿³ R§fpsS ho«nÂ\n¶v A{]Xy£\mbn. ]mh s¸« Hcp hn[hbpsS GI]p{X\mbncpì A h³. ]o¸nsb ImWmXmbn Fì tI«t¸mÄ B km[p kv{Xo BsI XIÀì. FhnsS\n s¶¦nepw Ahs\ Ip]nSn¨v Ahsc Gån t¡ [mÀ½nIamb NpaXe FtâXmbn. Ah \pambn _Ôapsì tXm¶nb Øe§fn seÃmw Rm³ Xnc¡n. Hsc¯pw ]nSnbpw In«n bnÃ. Ah km\w Cw¥ojv, knwlfw, Xangv F¶o `mjIfn kntemWn {]kn²oIcn ç¶ ]e ]{X§fnepw C§s\ Hcp Ip«nsb ImWmXmbncnçìshìw Ahs\ Ip]nSn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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¨pXcp¶hÀ¡v \à XpI {]Xn^ew \ÂImsa ìw Rm³ ]ckyw sNbvXp. Ahsâ t]cv, hbkv, Dbcw XpS§nb hnhc§sfÃmw ]cky ¯n tNÀ¯ncpì. t^mt«m CÃmXncp¶Xp sImv AXv tNÀ¡m³ IgnªnÃ. GXpXc¯nepw hymJym\n¡mhp¶ ‘sdUnsabvUv’ PmXIçdn¸pIsfSp¯n«v Fs´¦nep sams¡ IWçIq«n, h¶ BfpsS `mha\pk cn¨v e£Ww ]dbp¶ tPmÕy·mcptÃm, AhcpsS PmXIçdn¸pt]msebmbncpì F sâ ]ckyhpw. ]o¸nçam{XaÃ, B {]mb¯n epÅ Nne Ip«nIÄçw AXnse hnhc§Ä CW§pambncpì. Hcp \à XpI hmKvZm\w sNbvXncp¶XpsImv kntemWnsâ ]e `mK ¯pw ]o¸nbpsì tXm¶nç¶ coXnbnem bncpì I¯pIÄ. kvt\lnX·mÀ hgnbpw t]m eokneqsSbpw Rm³ AsXÃmw At\zjn¨p. Hcp {]tbmP\hpapmbnÃ. shbm³tKmU F ¶ Øe¯p\n¶v Xmakn¨pIn«nb Hcp I¯n se hnhc§Ä kXyamsW¶v F\nç tXm¶n. ]pXpXmbn AhnsSsb¯nb Hcp tUmIvSdpsS `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
98
the¡mc\mbn ]o¸n Fs¶mcp ]¿\psìw ]cky¯n- ]dbp¶ e£W§Ä FÃmw A h\p tbmPnçìsìw tI«t¸mÄ Rm³ Im dn At§m«pXncn¨p. At\I ssa bm{X sNbvXv AhnsSsb¯nbt¸mgmWv AXp asäm cp Ip«nbmsWì a\knembXv. \ncmitbmsS Rm³ aS§nt¸mì. kntem¬ Kh¬saânsâ FIvsskkv hIp ¸n Aknkväâv I½ojWdmbncp¶ dn«bÀ sNbvX FÂ. AacknwKvslbpsS ]p{Xn ankv knÀ¡m C¡me¯v Fsâ Iogn kkyim kv{X¯n KthjWw \S¯ns¡mncpì. ]o¸nbpsS A´À²m\w AhÄçw {]bmk§ fpm¡n. AhfpsS ]co£W§Ä¡mhiyam b sNSnIfpw aäpw tiJcn¨p sImSp¯ncp¶Xv Ah\mWv. ]o¸nsb Ip]nSnç¶Xn\v knÀ ¡m Hcp Ffp¸ amÀKw]dªp. Hcp am{´nI Sw_vfdnsâ klmbw tXSm\mWv AhÄ \nÀ t±in¨Xv. knÀ¡mbpw ktlmZcn lbmkn´pw ]tcXcpsS BXvam¡sf Sw_vfdn hcp¯n amÀK\nÀt±iw kzoIcnç¶ A]qÀh hnZy `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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hiam¡nbn«ps¶v AhÄ ]dªp. CXv A hÀ ]Tn¨Xv kntem¬ Kh¬saânsâ IÄ ¨d A^tbgvkv hIp¸n UbdIvSdpw Aa cknwKvslbpsS IpSpw_kplr¯pamb ]en Xmhocamsâ ]Xv\nbn \n¶msWìw knÀ ¡m ]dªp. anknkv hocam³ CXv hfsc sNdp¸w apXÂXs¶ ioen¨pt]m¶ncpìhs{X. ]ntäì sshIpt¶cw Cu hnZy ]co£n¨p t\mç¶Xn\v AhcpsS ho«n sNÃWsa¶v Fs¶bpw `mcytbbpw \nÀ_Ôn¨p £Wn¨Xn \ptijamWv knÀ¡m t]mbXv. ]ntä Znhkw sshIpt¶cw Rm\pw `mcybpw IqSn KmfnepÅ AacknwKvslbpsS ho«n t]mbn. ]n. C. hocam\pw ]Xv\nbpw R§tfm sSm¸apmbncpì. apdnbpsS \Sp¡v hfsc an\pks¸Sp¯nb Hcp h«tai InS¶ncpì. Cw¥ojv A£c§ fpw ]qPyw apX H¼XphscbpÅ A¡§fpw FgpXnb \nch[n ISemkpIÄ \nc¯nh¨n«p mbncpì. taibpsSbcnIn hr¯mIrXnbn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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emWv Ah h¨ncp¶Xv. AXnsâ \Sphn Sw _vfÀ Iangv¯nh¨ncpì. Sw_vfdnsâ kpKa amb Ne\¯n\p klmbIamIp¶Xn\pthn Sm¡w ]uUdn«v Xq¯ncp¶Xpw hyIvXambn ImWmw. R§Ä FÃmhcpw taibvç Npäpancpì. knÀ¡mbpw anknkv hocam\pw AhcpsS NqmWnhnc Sw_vfdnsâ apIfnÂh¨v [ym\ cq]¯n Ccpì. \ni_vZambn GXm\pw an\n äpIÄ ISì t]mbn. kmh[m\¯n ¥mkv Sw_vfÀ NençIbpw Cw¥ojv A£c§fpsS t\sc \o§pIbpw sNbvXp. Hcp BXvamhv D¯cw ]dbm³ k¶²ambn Sw_vfdn h¶n «ps¶v knÀ¡m ]dªp. “B BXvamhnsâ t]sc´msW¶dnªm sImÅmw”- hocam³ At]£mkzc¯n ]d ªp. Sw_vfÀ Nen¨p. A.L.I.C.E. (Beokv) F¶o A£c§sf AXp kv]Àin¨p. AhnsS IqSn bncp¶hcn Hmtcmcp¯cpw Hmtcm tNmZy `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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§Ä tNmZn¨p. AtNX\amb B ¥mkv Sw_vfÀ AZv`pXIcamb thK¯n AXn\p ¯cw \ÂIp¶XpIv R§Ä hnkvabn¨p t]mbn. C§s\ ap¸Xp an\näp Ignªt¸mÄ anknkv hocam\p]Icw knÀ¡mtbmsSm¸w Rm³ Sw_vfdn ssIh¨p. C¯hW Sw_vfÀ Nenç¶Xn\v apt¼t¯Xnt\¡mÄ IqSpX kabsaSp¯p. At¸mÄ h¶Xv Beoknsâ BXvamhÃ; lmcam\oknsâ BXvamhmbncpì. “R§fpsS ImWmsXt]mb Ip«nbpsS t] sc´mWv?”- Fsâ `mcy tNmZn¨p. “]o¸n.” “Ah³ Ct¸mÄ FhnsSbmWv?” ASp¯ tNmZyw. hfsc \o D¯cambncpì Sw_vfÀ \ÂInbXv: “Iep¯md F¶ Øes¯ \o Kmlm tXm«¯n {][m\ ¢mÀ¡mb ]oäÀ s^ÀWm³tUmbpsS ho«n Dv.”
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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Fsâ `mcy t\m«p]pkvXIsaSp¯v B t]cpw hnemkhpw Ipdns¨Sp¯p. ]¯p Znh k¯n\Iw Ip«nsb Xncn¨pIn«psa¶v asämcp tNmZy¯n\p¯cambn lmcam\oknsâ BXvam hv ]dªp. Cu ]co£Ww \Sç¶Xn\nSbn cp {]mhiyw Rm³ a\x]qÀhw Sw_vfdn \nìw hnc AIän¸nSn¨p. At¸mgpw Sw_vfÀ Nen¨psImmWncp¶Xv. asämcp L«¯n Rm³ knÀ¡mtbmSv ssIsbSp¡m³ Bhiy s¸«p. AhÄ ssIsbSp¯t¸mÄ s]s«¶v Sw _vfdnsâ Ne\w \ne¨p. Cw¥ojv, knwlfw F¶o `mjIfnembncpì BZyw R§Ä tNm Zn¨Xv. ]n¶oSv lnµn, _wKmfn, aebmfw F¶o `mjIfn Rm³ tNmZn¨t¸mÄ bmsXmcp¯ chpw e`n¨nÃ. ]ntä Znhkw FkvtääpIfpsS t]cpIfpÅ s^ÀKpk¬ UbdIvSdn Rm³ ]cntim[n¨p. \oÂKmlm Fs¶mcp tXm«¯nsâ t]cv A Xn InÃ. F¦nepw ]oäÀ s^ÀWm³tUm, No^v ¢mÀ¡v, \oÂKml Fkvtääv, Iep¯md F¶ hnemk¯n Rms\mcp cPnkväÀ I¯ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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b¨p. cmgvN Ignªt¸mÄ ‘hnemk¡mc s\ AdnªpIqSm’ F¶ Ipdnt¸msS I¯p Xncn¨phì. ]o¸nsb kw_Ônç¶ bmsXmcp hnhchp anÃmsX aqì amkw ISìt]mbn. AXn\pti jw Hcp Znhkw Hcp Imen¨mç I¨hS¡mc³ R§fpsS Ipin\n¡mcntbmSv ]dªp, s]«n Kfhms« F¶ Øes¯ Hcp Nmb¸oSnIbn h¨v AbmÄ ]o¸nsb Ipshìw 25I. sImSp ¯m Ahs\ Xncn¨psImphì Xcmsaìw. Rm³ hnhcw DSs\ t]meokn Adnbn¨p. t]meokv At\zjn¨t¸m-Ä tIkv sXfnªp. X¦¸mew F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ B Imen¨mçI¨ hS¡mc³ BWv R§fpsS ho«nÂ\n¶v ]o¸n sb Iq«ns¡mpt]mbXv. s]«nKfhms«bnse Nmb¸oSn I¡mc\n \n¶v 25 I. {]Xn^ew ]äns¡mv AbmÄ Ahs\ AhnsS the bvç \ndp¯n. X¦¸me¯nsâ acpaI\mWv A hs\¶mWv Nmb¡S¡mcs\ [cn¸n¨ncp¶Xv. _m³Um F¶ t]cnemWv Ahs\ AhnsS ]cnNbs¸Sp¯nbXv. \oÂKmlm Fs¶mcp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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tXm«¯n ]o¸n t]mhpItbm ]oäÀ s^À Wm³tUm Fs¶mcmsf ]cnNbs¸SpItbm sNbvXncp¶nÃ. lmcam\oknsâ BXvamhv ]d ª Øe¯v \oÂKmlm Fs¶mcp tXm«hpw Dmbncp¶nÃ. Cu kw`h¯n\p tijw BdphÀjw Ign ªv Sw_vfÀ tPmÕy¯nsâ km[pX Hcn¡Â ¡qSn ]cntim[nçhm\pÅ Ahkcw F\nç mbn. Rm\¶v sImfwt_mbnembncpì Xma kn¨ncp¶Xv. `mhnImcy§Ä ap³Iq«n¸dbm³ IgnhpÅ Hcp _tdmKÀ* h\nX auv ehn \nbmbn Dmbncpì. Sw_vfÀ tPmÕyhpw ‘ImÀUphmb\’bpambncpì AhcpsS hnZy IÄ. 1949 G{]n 14-- - -\p Rm³ Ahsc kµÀin ¨p. Dt±iyw shfns¸Sp¯msX AhcpsS km [mcW \nc¡mb aqì cq] sImSp¯n«v `mhn ]dbWsa¶mhiys¸«p. ImÀUv hmbnç¶Xn t\¡mÄ Sw_vfdnte¡v HcmXvamhns\ hnfn¨p hcp¯n Fsâ tNmZy§Ä¡v D¯cw hm§p¶ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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XmWv \ÃsX¶v AhÀ A`n{]mbs¸«p. Rm³ k½Xn¨p. AacknwKvslbpsS ho«nÂh¨p\S ¶ Sw_vfÀ tPmÕy¯nsâ coXn Xs¶bmWv an¡hmdpw ChnsSbpw ]n´pSÀ¶Xv. taibv ¡p ]Icw AhÀ {]tXyIw Hcp “]qPmt_mÀ Uv” Øm]n¨ncpì. A£c§fpw A¡§fpw AXn FgpXnbncpì. B kv{Xo ImWmsX Hcp ISemskSp¯p Rm³ AXnsemcp hms¡ gpXn. B hms¡´msW¶mbncpì Rm³ B Zyw tNmZn¨Xv. D¯cw In«n. ]t£, sXämbn cpì. Cu _tdmKÀ h\nXbv¡v Adnªp IqSm ¯ aebmf`mjbn Rm³ tNmZyw tNmZn¨ t¸mÄ Sw_vfÀ D¯cw \ÂInbnÃ. I®psI«n s¡mv Sw_vfdn BXvamhns\ hcp¯mtam F¶v Rm³ tNmZn¨p. I®psI«nbXn\p tij hpw Sw_vfÀ Nens¨¦nepw hyIvXambn D¯cw In«nbnÃ. \mep hÀjwap¼v sImfwt_mbnse Hcp tKÄkv kv¡qfn Sw_vfÀ tPmÕyw ]SÀì ]nSn¨p. D¨sbmgnhpkab¯v B s]¬Ip«n IÄ Sw_vfdn ssIhncÂh¨v ]co£W§Ä `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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\S¯n. AhcpsS clky§Ä XpSÀì]dbpI bpw {]iv\§Ä¡v icnbmb kam[m\w \ÂIp Ibpw sN¿p¶ BXvam¡tfmSv AhÀ¡v AXnc ä `IvXnbpmbXn AZv`pX¯n\hImianà tÃm. CXn Hcp s]¬Ip«ntbbpw sImv A hfpsS A½ Fsâ ASp¯p hì. B Ip«n bpsS NqmWnhnc achn¨v hfbv¡m³ h ¿m¯ hn[¯nembncpì: Rm³ kmhImi ¯n AhfpsS {]iv\§Ä A]{KYn¡m³ {ian¨p. tdma³ It¯men¡m k`mwKamWv B s]¬Ip«n. Sw-_vfÀ tPmÕy¯n ]s¦Sp¯ hnhcw AhÄ Ip¼kmc¯n ]ptcmlnXt\m Sp ]dªp. km¯m\ptNÀ¶ B {]hr¯n bn ]¦mfnbmbXv henb sXämsWìw ta en A¯cw Imcy§Ä sN¿cpsXìw At± lw AhtfmSp ]dªp. Cu D]tZiw Ahfp sS a\kns\ De¨p. ]m]¯n\v Iq«ptNÀ¶ B ssIhncen achn¸pmbXv B Ip«nbpsS a\knepmb t£m`¯nsâ ^eambncpì. Poh\nÃm¯ Hcp Sw_vfdn\p apIfn shdp sX hncÂh¨p sImncnçt¼mÄ AXp Nen `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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çIbpw _p²n]qÀhsaì tXmì¶ D¯c §Ä \nÂIpIbpw sN¿p¶Xp ImWpt¼mÄ ImgvN¡mÀ am{Xaà AZv`pXs¸SmdpÅXv. ap³ hn[ntbm {]tXyI Xmåcytam CÃmsXXs¶ Sw_vfdnsâ apIfn ssIh¨psImncp¶ hcpw AXnsâ {]hÀ¯\w Iv hnkvabn ¡mw. AÀ²t_m[mhØbnembncnçt¼mÄ At_m[a\knsâ \nÀt±im\pkcWw Ahcp sS cp ssIIfnse amwkt]inIfmWv Sw_v fÀ Nen¸nç¶sX¶v AdnbmbvIsImv G tXm BXvamhnsâ {]hÀ¯\amWnsX¶v Ah cpw sXäp[cnçì. Sw_vfdn ssIh¨ncnç ¶ Bfnsâ At_m[a\knÂ\n¶v hcp¶h bmWv D¯c§Ä Fìw BXvam¡tfm t{]X §tfm CXnsâ ]n¶n {]hÀ¯nç¶nsà ìw Xmsgs¡mSp¯ncnç¶ ImcW§ÄsIm v a\knem¡mhp¶XmWv. 1. BZys¯ ]co£W¯n Rm³ ssI amänbn«pw Sw_vfÀ Nen¨psImncpì. AXn \n¶v Ft¶msSm¸w Sw_vfdn ssI h¨ncp¶ ankv knÀ¡mbpsS ssIIfmbncpì Sw_vfdn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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sâ Ne\¯n\v ImcWsa¶v hyIvXamWtÃm. AhfpsS ssI DbÀ¯nbt¸mÄ Fsâ ssI Sw_vfdn Dmbncpì ]t£, Sw_vfÀ Nen ¨nÃ. 2. cmas¯ ]co£W¯n Sw_vfÀ tPmÕyw sXmgnem¡nbn«pÅ _tdmKÀ kv{Xo bpsS I®psI«nbncp¶t¸mÄ Sw_vfÀ D¯cw \ÂInbn«nÃ. AÀ²t_m[mhØbntem, kp t_m[mhØnbntem AhÀ¡v At¸mÄ A£c §fpw A¡§fpw ImWm³ \nhr¯nbnÃmXn cp¶XmWv B ]cmPb¯n\p ImcWw. t{]X tam BXvamthm BWv {]hÀ¯nç¶sX¦n B kv{XobpsS I®psI«nbmepw Ahbvç {] hÀ¯n¡mambncpì. 3. Sw_vfdn ssIh¨ncp¶ BÄ¡v Adn ªpIqSm¯ `mjbn tNmZn¨ Hcp tNmZy ¯n\pw D¯cw In«nbnÃ. AXv B hyIvXn¡v D¯c§fpambpÅ _Ôw sXfnbnçì. lmc am\okntâbpw Beokntâbpw BXvam¡Ä¡v Cw¥ojv Adnbmambncp¶XpsImÃ; At¸mÄ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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Sw_vfdn ssIh¨ncp¶ knÀ¡mbv¡v Cw¥oj dnbmambncp¶Xp sImmWv Cw¥ojn D¯ cw e`n¨Xv. AhÀ¡dnªpIqSm¯ `mjbn tNmZn¨t¸mÄ AhnsSbpw D¯canÃmbncpì. 4. Rm\pw `mcybpw tNmZn¨ \nch[n tNm Zy§fn Hsc®¯n\p am{Xta icnbmb D¯ cw In«nbpÅq. ImWmXmb Ip«nbpsS t]cv ]o¸n F¶msWìÅXmbncpì B D¯cw. At¸mÄ Sw_vfdn ssI h¨ncp¶ knÀ¡m bv¡v B t]cdnbmamcp¶nÃtÃm. {]mIrXImew apX Xs¶ tZhXIÄ, ]nim Np¡Ä, ]tcXmXvam¡Ä F¶n§s\ Nne A ZriyPohnIÄ Dsì a\pjyÀ hnizknçI bpw AhbnÂ\n¶v Fs´¦nepw ktµi§Ä kzoIcn¡m³ {iançIbpw sNbvXncpì. {Ko çImÀçw tdmam¡mÀçw t£{X§fn sh fn¨¸mSpIÄ (Oracles) Dmbncpì. `IvXP\ §fnÂ\nì _entbm hgn]mtSm e`n¨pIgn ªm ]ptcmlnXbpsS \mhneqsS At¸mtfm tZh³ kwkmcn¨ncpìhs{X! ]n¡me¯v `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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{`m´·mcpsS På\§fn ssZhi_vZw tIÄ çhm³ NneÀ {iançIbpmbn. am\knI ZuÀ_eyw DÅhtcm I]Sthj¡mtcm Bbn cnçw BXvam¡Ä¡v ]nWnbmfpIfmbn {]hÀ ¯nç¶Xv. a\pjy\p]Icw Sw_vfÀ, ]vfm s©äv, kväu XpS§nb AtNX\ hkvXp¡Ä D]tbmKn¨v BXvam¡fnÂ\n¶v ktµiw kzoI cn¡m³ XpS§nbn«v Ipd¨p Imeta Bbn«pÅq. bqtdm]y³ cmPy§fn \qdp hÀj¯n\p ap¼v {]Nmc¯n h¶ ]vfms©äv A¡me¯v ]ecptSbpw {i² ]nSn¨p\nÀ¯n. lrZb¯n sâ BIrXnbnepÅ Hcp sNdnb ]eIbmWnXv. cp sNdnb N{I§fpw Hcp s]³knepw AXn sâ ASnbn LSn¸nçw. CsXmcp ISemkn h¨n«v cpt]À AXn ssIh¨psImncp ¶m AXp NençIbpw hmçItfm hmIy §tfm s]³knÂsImv ISemkn FgpXpI bpw sN¿pw. ]tcXcpsS BXvam¡fmWv C§ s\ FgpXp¶sX¶v BfpIÄ hnNmcn¨pt]mì. CXnÂ\n¶v Aåw hyXymkapÅ HcpXcw ]vfm s©ämWv {^m³kn {]Nmc¯nencp¶Xv. aq `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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ì ImepIfpÅ Hcp sNdnb ]oTambncpì AXv. A£c§fpw A¡§fpw FgpXnbn«pÅ t_mÀUmWX.v Rm³ hnZymÀ°nbmbncp¶ Im e¯v C³Uybn aqìImepIfpÅ shäne ¯m¼mfw D]tbmKn¨v NneÀ BXvam¡tfmSv kwkÀKw ]peÀ¯nbncp¶Xv HmÀçì. 1963þ  sXt¡ C³Uybn ]vfms©äp tPmÕy ¯n\p h¼n¨ {]NmcwIn«n. aqìImepIfpÅ {]jÀ kväu Bbncpì AXn\p]tbmKn¨ncp ¶Xv. AXpsImv A¶v amÀ¡än kväuhn sâ hne aq¶nc«nbmbn hÀ²n¨p Fs¶mcp ]{X dnt¸mÀ«pmbncpì. tUmIvSÀamsc¡m fpw h¡oe·mtc¡mfpw IqSpX {]mIvSokv e`nç¶Xv kväuhn\msW¶v As¶mcp ]{Xw Aåw lmkycq]¯n dnt¸mÀ«psNbvXp. bpIvXnhmZn ]{Xm[n]À Fw.kn. tPmk^pw tIcf bqWnthgvknänbnse a\ximkv{X s{]m ^kÀ C.sF. tPmÀÖpw \ÂInb imkv{Xob hniZoIcWt¯msS B Iq« lnkväocnb Ah km\n¨p.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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BXvaobtam aX]ctam a{´hmZ]ctam B b bmsXmcp ImcWw sImpaà ]vfms©äpw Sw_vfdpw kväuhpw aäpw Nenç¶Xv. AXn ssI h¨ncnç¶ BfpsS At_m[ a\knsâ \nÀt±ia\pkcn¨v amwkt]inIfmWv Ah {] hÀ¯n¸nç¶Xv. kz]v\§Ä t]mse kw`hn ¡m¯Xpw kw`hn¡mhp¶Xpw Nnet¸mÄ AÀ ²kXy§fpw Bb {]kvXmh\Ifmbncnçw Ah \ÂIpI. a\knsâ hnIrXn hyIvXamç¶Xn\pthn Fsâ kz´w Hc\p`hwIqSn ]dªpsImÅs«. 1961þ ]mcoknÂ\nìw t\¸nÄkv hsc aqhm bncw ssa Imdn k©cn¨p Rm³ ]e Ø e§fpw kµÀin¨p. Cu bm{Xbn ]mcoknse tkmÀt_m¬ bqWnthgvknänbn s{]m^k dmb Fsâ ]p{X³ tUm. Gdokv tImhqcpw Fsâ `mcybpw IqsSbpmbncpì. Znhkw Ccp\qdpssaÂhoXw k©cn¨v Øe§fpw N cn{X kvamcI§fpw aäpw ImWpIbpw AhnShn sS tlm«epIfn Xmakn¨n«v bm{X XpScpIbp ambncpì R§fpsS ]Xnhv. BZyw ImtdmSn¨n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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cp¶Xv Rm\mWv. ]t£, hfsc¡mew kntem Wn ImtdmSn¨p ioen¨ F\n¡v bqtdm¸n ImtdmSnçhm³ _p²nap«pmbn. ImcWw kn temWn hml\§Ä tdmUnsâ CSXphi¯p IqSnbmWv HmSnt¡Xv. bqtdm¸n heXph i¯pIqSn hn HmSn¡Wsa¶mWp \nbaw. CXp a\knem¡nbncps¶¦nepw Rm³ Adnbm sX ImÀ ]et¸mgpw CSXphis¯¯pambncp ì. A]ISw Hgnhm¡m\mbn Rm³ ss{UhnwKv thsìh¨p. ]n¶oSpÅ Zqca{Xbpw Fsâ aI³ Xs¶bmWv ImtdmSn¨ncp¶Xv. F¦nepw BZys¯ aqì Znhk§fn F sâ heXpImen\v Aklyamb thZ\b\p`h s¸«ncpì. {i²n¨t¸mÄ R§Ä¡v Imcyw a\ knembn. B Znhk§fnseÃmw Rm³ Imdnsâ ap³ koänemWv Ccp¶ncp¶Xv. hfsc¡mew kzbw ss{Uhp sNbvXncp¶XpsImv Hcp ‘ss{UhnwKv a\kv’ F¶n Dmbncpì. Im tdmSn¨nsæn¡qSn At_m[cq]¯n Fsâ ImepIÄ ^p«vt{_¡v Nhn«nbaÀ¯nbncpì. \memw Znhkw Rm³ ]pdInse koänteç `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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amdnbt¸m-Ä apX F\n¡v Imen thZ\b\p `hs¸SmXmbn. \½psS kpt_m[a\kdnbmsX Xs¶ amwkt]inIÄ Nençsaì ImWn¡m \mWv Rm³ Cu DZmlcWw ]dªXv. Sw _vftdm ]vfms©täm {]hÀ¯n¸nç¶hÀ Adn bmsXbmWv AhcnÂ\n¶v D¯c§Ä hcp¶ Xv.
*--_tdmKÀþ kntem¬Imcpw bqtdm]y³amcpw X½nepÅ hnhml¯neqmb k¦cPmXn¡mcm Wv -_tdmKÀ F¶dnbs¸Sp¶Xv.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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8 ‘kpc£nXImew’ hcp¯nh¨ hn\ tPm¬]qÄ Z¼XnamÀ ]¯phÀjw kt´mj {]Zamb IpSpw_ PohnXw \bn¨p. F«phbkp Å Hcm¬Ip«nbpw A©phbkpÅ Hcp s]¬ Ip«nbpw AhÀçmbncpì. ]mcmsZ\nbm kÀhIemimebn ]Tnç¶ Ime¯mWv kndn tPm¬]pÅpw sUbnkn s^ÀWmtmbpw ]cnNbs¸Sp¶Xv. AhÀ ]c kv]cw CjvSs¸«p. hnhml\nivNbhpw sNbv Xp. hnhcw Adnªt¸mÄ kndnensâ ho«pImÀ FXnÀ¯p. ]t£, AbmÄ ]n·mdm³ XbmdÃm Xncp¶XpsImv ho«pImÀ hg§m³ \nÀ_ ÔnXcmbn. sUbnknbpsS ]nXmhmb AUz `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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t¡äv s^ÀWmtmbv¡v aIfpsS Xmåcy¯n ¡hnªv {]iv\samìw Dmbncp¶nÃ. km¼¯nI imkv{X¯n _ncpZsaSp¯ DS s\ Hcp {]ikvX hyhkmbØm]\¯n F IvknIyq«ohmbn kndnen\p tPmen In«n. sIm fwt_m \Kc¯nse Hcp hnZymeb¯n sU bnkn A[ym]nIbpambn. Hm^okv hn«pIgn ªm kndn sUbnknbpsS tlmkväen F¯pw. AhÀ H¶n¨p kn\naIÄ Ip. H¶n ¨p tlm«enÂ\nì `£Ww Ign¨p. hnhml \nivNbkab¯v Hcp henb {]iv \apmbn. Dd¨ It¯men¡À F¶ \nebn aIsâ hnhmlw CShI¸ÅnbnÂh¨p \S¯ Wsa¶v amXm]nXm¡Ä imTyw ]nSn¨p. B ] Ånbnse ]ptcmlnX\v cp hyhØIÄ D mbncpì. sUbnkn ]ÅnbnÂh¨v HìIn hnhml¯n\pap¼v Úm\kv\m\w sNbvXv tdm a³ It¯men¡m k`bn tNcWw. Asà ¦nÂ, Ip«nIsf tdma³ It¯men¡cmbn hfÀ ¯ns¡mÅmsa¶v Hcp DS¼Sn H¸n«psImSp¡ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Ww. CXp sUbnknbpsS ho«pImcpsS A`nam \s¯ {hWs¸Sp¯p¶ Hcp GÀ¸mSmbncpì. P\nç¶Xn\pap¼v HcmfpsS aXw F´mbncn¡ Wsaì \nivNbnç¶Xv A[mÀ½nIamsWì AUzt¡äv s^ÀWmtm ]ptcmlnXs\ ]d ªp a\knem¡m³ {ian¨p. AXp ^en¡msX h¶t¸mÄ Cu hnhmlmtemN\ thsìh bv¡m³ At±lw aIsf D]tZin¨p. ]t£, A hÄ kndnens\ hnhmlw sN¿m³ Xocpam\n¨p Ignªncpì. F¦n \nba{]Imcw hnhmlw cPnkväÀ sN¿msa¶v At±lw ]dªp. A t¸mÄ ]ÅnhnImcn Hcp ]pXnb `ojWn apg ¡n: ]ÅnbnÂh¨v hnhmlw \S¯nbnsæn kndnens\ k`bnÂ\n¶v _lnjv¡cnçsa¶v. Ahkm\w AUzt¡äv s^ÀWmtm aIfpsS `mhnçthn H¯pXoÀ¸n\p Xbmdmbn. hnhmlw hfsc BUw_cambn \S¯s¸«p. a[phn[phn\p tijw Z¼XnIÄ sImfwt_m bn Xmakam¡n. sUbnknbpsS ]nXmhp sImSp¯ kv{Xo[\¯pIsImv AhchnsS H cp ]pXnb hoSv hnebvçhm§n. A©phÀj `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¯n\pÅn AhÀç cp Ip«nIÄ P\n¨p. kndnÂ, Xm³ tPmensNbvXncp¶ Øm]\¯n se `cW¯eh\mbn DbÀ¯s¸«p. sUbnkn ASp¯pXs¶bpÅ Hcp tdma³ It¯men¡m hnZymeb¯nsâ sshkv {]³kn¸embn. 1972 s^{_phcnbn {ioe¦bpsS XeØm\ amb sImfwt_mbnepÅ ‘amcntbPv ssKU³ kv _yqtdm’ Hm^okn Hcp ]cmXnbpambn sUbvkn hì. {ioe¦m bpIvXnhmZn kwL¯n sâ t\XrXz¯n {]hÀ¯nç¶ Cu kwL S\bpsS Hm^okv {]hÀ¯n¨ncp¶Xv Fsâ Xm akØe¯pXs¶bmWv. sUbnkn¡v hfsc Zb\obamb Hcp IYbmWv ]dbm\pmbncp ¶Xv. kndnepw sUbnknbpw X½nepmb {] Wb_Ô¯nsâbpw hnhml¯nsâbpw, c mas¯ Ip«n P\nç¶Xphsc AhÀ \bn¨ kt´mjIcamb PohnX¯nsâbpw IY A hÄ hnkvXcn¨v Ft¶mSp]dªp. AXn\p ti jw `À¯mhn\v Ahfnepw IpSpw_¯nepapÅ Xmåcyw Ipdªp. hfsc Npcp§nb kab§ fn am{Xta AbmÄ ssewKnI_Ô¯n\p `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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thn Ahsf kao]n¡mdpmbncpìÅq. AXpXs¶ A[nIw Xmåcyt¯msSbÃ. tPmen Ignªv ho«nse¯p¶Xv hfsc sshInbmWv. GsX¦nepw t_mÀUv aoänwKpIfn kw_Ôn ¡m³ Dmbncpìsht¶m atäm Bbncnçw Øncw D¯cw. ]t£, At±lw teUn sk{I «dnbpsam¯v ]pd¯pt]mbn Nne ¢_pIfn tem tlm«epIfntem ZoÀLkabw sNehgn ¡mdps¶v hnizk\obamb hnhcw Ah Ä¡v In«nbncpì. kndnensâ Xmakn¨pÅ hc hpw AhtfmSpÅ Xmåcyçdhpw It¸mÄ kwib§Ä AhfnepZn¨p. AtX XpSÀ¶v cl kyambn At\zjn¨t¸mgmWv Cu hnhcw e`n¨ Xs{X. {]mtbmKnI _p²nbpw kmaÀ°yhpap Å Hcp kv{Xobmbncpì sUbvkn. AXpsIm v AhÄ AXns\ tNmZyw sN¿pItbm hg çmçItbm sNbvXnÃ. t\scadn¨v, hnhml {]iv\§Ä¡v \nÀt±iw \ÂIp¶ Hcp hyIvXn sb¶ \nebn Fs¶ kao]nçIbmWv sNbv XXv.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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sUbnknbpsS IY tI«p Ignªt¸mÄ A Sp¯ RmbdmgvN `À¯mhns\bpwIqSn hnfn¨p sImphcmtam Fì Rm³ tNmZn¨p. AhÄ k½Xn¨p. AX\pkcn¨v AhÀ cpt]cpwIqSn \nivNnX kab¯v F¯nt¨Àì. sUbvknsb kµÀiI apdnbn Ccp¯nbXn \ptijw kndnepambn Rm³ I¬kÄ«nwKv apdnbnteçt]mbn. AbmÄ ]dbp¶ Hcp cl kyhpw sUbnkntbmSp ]dbpIbnsöv BZyw Xs¶ Rm³ hmçsImSp¯p. At¸mÄ A bmÄ Xsâ ]cnXØnXnIÄ Xpdì]dªp. cmas¯ Ip«nbpsS P\\¯n\ptijw ta en Ip«nIÄ ths¶v AhÀ cpt]cpw IqSn Hcp Xocpam\saSp¯p. AXn\v tdma³ I t¯men¡mk` AwKoIcnç¶ GI P\\\nb {´WamÀKamb ‘kpc£nXImew t\m¡Â’ BWv AhÀ amÀKambn kzoIcn¨Xv. hmkIvSan, Syqs_IvSan XpS§nb Hm¸tdj\pItfm, KÀ`\ntcm[\ acpìItfm D]tbmKn¨v k´m\ \nb{´Ww ]mSnsömWv `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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It¯men¡mk` A\pimknç¶Xv. kv{XobpsS AÞhnkÀP \ Znhk§fn kwt`mKw HgnhmçIbmWv Cu amÀKw. C§s\ P\\ \nb{´Ww ioen¨ Xn\ptijw sUbnkn¡v ssewKnIImcy§fn Xmåcyw Ipdªpt]mbn F¶v kndn- ]dªp. A§s\ h¶t¸mÄ Xsâ imcocnImhiy§Ä \nÀhln¡m³ AbmÄ Nne hgnIÄ tXSnb s{X. sUbnkntbm aämsc¦neptam CXdnªn«n sÃìw kndn ]dªp. kpc£nXIme¯pam{Xw ssewKnI_Ôw ]peÀ¯p¶ ‘dnYw saXUv’ F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ P \\ \nb{´WamÀK§Ä Ahew_n¨Xns\ ¯pSÀ¶v IpSpw_{]iv\§Ä Dmb aäpNne tdma³ It¯men¡m Z¼XnIfpw Fs¶ kao ]n¨n«pv. AhÀç sImSp¯ AtX D]tZiw Xs¶ kndn Z¼XnIÄçw sImSp¡m³ Rm³ Xocpam\n¨p. hnZymk¼¶cmb B Z¼XnIsf cpt]sc bpw H¶n¨ncp¯n ssewKnI XXzimkv{Xs¯ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¸än sNdnb Hcp ¢mkv Rm³ \ÂIn. Rm³ ]d ªpsImSp¯Xnsâ Npcp¡w CXmWv: a\pjyicoc¯nsâ atäXp {]hÀ¯\hpsa ¶t]mse ssewKnI_Ôhpw icocimkv{X]c amWv. CXnsâ e£yw hwihÀ²\bmbXp sImv hyIvXn]csa¶Xnt\¡mÄ kmaqly amb Hcp BhiyamWv. Zmlw hcpt¼mÄ sh Åw IpSn¨v AXp XoÀç¶Xpt]mse, hniç t¼mÄ Blmcw Ignç¶Xpt]mse, CWtN À¶v ssewKnIkwXr]vXn ssIhcpt¯Xm Wv. kmapZmbnI PohnX¯nsâ kuIcy¯n \pthn C¡mcy¯n a\pjy³ Nne \nb{´ W§Ä GÀs¸Sp¯nbn«ps¶p am{Xtabp Åq. izk\w, cIvX Nw{IaWw, `£Ww Ign ¡Â XpS§nbh Hcp hyIvXnsb am{Xw kv]À inç¶ Imcy§fmWv. F¶mÂ, Cu imcocnI [À½§sfÃmapÅ asämcp hyIvXnbpambn C WtNcWsa¦n B hyIvXnbpsS kuIcy§ fpwIqSn IW¡nseSp¡Ww. AXpsImv C ¡mcy¯n Nne \nb{´W§Ä Bhiyam sWì hcpì. ]t£, Cu \nb{´W§tfm `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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\nba§tfm amäs¸Sm³ ]mSnÃm¯tXm ]cnip ²tam AÃ. a\pjysâ kuIcy¯n\p thn a\pjy³ \nÀ½n¨XmWv AhsbÃmw. ssZhw Dm¡nb \nba§fmsWìw Ahsb ewLn ¨m acWm\´cw ssZhw Ahsc in£nç saìw ]ptcmlnX·mÀ ]dbp¶Xn Imcysam ìanÃ. ssZhamWv C¯cw \nba§Ä Dm ¡nbsX¦n hnhn[ aX¡mcpsSbpw PmXn¡m cpsSbpw tZi¡mcptSbpw CSbn hyXykvX amb hnhml\nba§fpw ssewKnI kZmNmc hpw DmIpambncp¶nÃ. ]pcpj\pw kv{Xo bpw P·\m GI`mcym{hX¡mtcm GI`ÀXr{h XItfm AÃ; t\sc adn¨v arK§fnÂ\nì ]cn Wan¨pmb a\pjy\n B kz`mhta Im Wq. a\pjysct¸mse arK§Äç _p²nbnÃm ¯XpsImv AhÀ kZmNmc \nba§Ä Dm ç¶nsÃìam{Xw. A]cnjvIrX kaql§Ä t]mepw _lp`mcymXzhpw _lp`À¯rXzhpw Dt]£n¨phcnIbmWv. kmaqly PohnX¯nsâ kuIcy¯n\v GI]Xv\o{hXhpw GI`ÀXr{h Xhpw a\pjyÀ Ip]nSn¨XmWv. ssZh\ntbm `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Ktam ]ptcmlnX·mcpsS \nb{´W§tfm sIm Ã, \nba§Ä sImmWv B k{¼Zmbs¯ \ne\ndp¯nbncnç¶Xv. atäXp Imcy¯nepsa ¶Xpt]mse ssewKnI Imcy§fnepw sshhn [yw a\pjy³ CjvSs¸Spì. ]t£, hnhml sa¶ Øm]\s¯ XIÀ¡mXncn¡Wsa¦n sshhn[y¯n\pthnbpÅ B{Klw \nb{´n ¡Wsa¶v _p²nam\mb a\pjy³ a\knem ¡n. \½psS ho«parK§Ä kuIcywt]mse CWIsf amdp¶Xp ImWmw. AXp {]IrXn\nb a§Ä¡\pkrXhpamWv. ]e Imcy§fnepw a \pjy³ {]IrXn\nba§sf AXnewLn¨n«pv. XmakkuIcyw, `£Ww, hkv{Xw, BtcmKyw, hnZym`ymkw XpS§nb FÃm Imcy§fnepw {] IrXnsb IogS¡n IqSpX PohnX kuIcy§ fpmçIbmWv a\pjy³ sNbvXXv. ssewKn I Imcy¯nepw CXmWv a\pjysâ \ne. kaq l¯nsâ \· F¶Xn Ihnª bmsXmcp {] tXyIXbpw A¡mcy¯nse Hcp \nba¯n\p anÃ. kv{Xo]pcpj·mÀ AhcpsS CWsb Dt] £n¨v ]pXnb CWbvç thn \S¡mdnÃ. A `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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§s\ sNbvXm kmaqly PohnXamsI XI cmdnemIpw. Ir{Xna amÀK§Ä D]tbmKn¨v P\\ \nb {´Ww km[nç¶Xv ssZthjvS¯ns\Xncm sWìÅ It¯men¡mk`bpsS hmZw At§ bäw Aimkv{XobamWv. C§s\ P\\ \nb{´ Ww km[nç¶Xv sXämsW¦n Ir{Xnah kv{X§Ä Dm¡n \Kv\X adbvç¶Xpw Ir {Xnahml\§Ä Dm¡n k©cnç¶Xpw Ir {Xnaambn XmakØe§Ä Dmç¶Xpsam s¡ ssZhhncp² amsWìhcpw. tcmKs¯ X Sbm³ acpì Ignç¶Xpt]mepw C¡W¡n sXämIpw. shbnenepw agbnepw C¡W¡n It¯men¡À¡v F§s\ IpS]nSn¡m³ Ign bpw? AXpw Ir{Xna amÀK§ftÃ? AsXms¡ t]mIs«. Cu kn²m´a\pkcn¨v kpc£nX Imew t\m¡n kwt`mKw \S¯p¶Xpt]mepw ssZhlnX¯ns\XncmImw. AÞhnkÀÖ\ Ime¯v ssewKnI _Ô¯n GÀs¸«mte KÀ`[mcWw DmIq. B kab¯v a\x]qÀh ambn ssewKnI _Ô¯nÂ\n¶v Hgnªp\n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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ç¶Xv Ir{Xnaamb Hcp amÀKamWv. tPm¬ amÀ]m¸m kznävkÀeânse tUmIvSÀ t]mÄ \o lms\s¡mp buh\NnInÕ \S¯nbXpw t]mÄ amÀ]m¸m ASp¯Ime¯v NnInÕ \S ¯nbXpsaÃmw Cu kn²m´a\pkcn¨v ssZh lnX¯ns\Xncmbn Ir{Xna amÀK§Ä D]tbm Kn¨mWv. a\pjy\pÄs¸sS FÃm PohnIfnepws]« s]¬hÀK¯n\v At§bäw ssewKnImthiw DmIp¶Xv AÞhnkÀÖ\ Ime¯msW ìÅXv AwKoIrXamb Hcp hkvXpXbmWv. Cu kab§fn FÃm arK§fpw CWtNcm³ {iançw. Nne kmaqly \nb{´W§fpw acym ZIfpapÅXpsImv a\pjykv{XoIÄ CWtN cm\pÅ D¡Samb A`nhm© {]ISn¸n¡mdn sÃì am{Xw. s]¬arK§fn ]eXn\pw B n Ht¶m ctm {]mhiyw am{Xta C§s\ AÞhnkÀÖ\ kabw DmImdpÅq. F ¶m a\pjykv{Xo¡v 28 Znhk¯nsemcn¡Â hoXw CXpmIpì. CXv Hmtcmcp¯cptSbpw BÀ¯hImea\pkcn¨mbncnçw. Cu imkv `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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{XkXyw Adnbm¯ amÀ]m¸mbpw aäp ]ptcm lnX·mcpw It-¯men¡m `À¯m¡·mtcmSp ]dbp¶Xv `mcyamcpsS AÞhnkÀP\ \mfp Ifn ssewKnI _Ôw ]mSnsömWv. ]Icw kv{Xoç XmåcyanÃm¯ aäp Znhk§fn _ Ôs¸«psImÅm³ AhÀ D]tZinçIbpw sN ¿pì. It¯men¡m kv{XoIÄ¡v BhiyapÅ t¸mÄ ssewKnI_Ô¯nÂ\n¶v Ahsc XS bpIbpw BhiyanÃm¯t¸mÄ AXhsc ASn t¨ånçIbpw sN¿p¶Xv AhcpsS kv{XoXz ¯nsâ taepÅ ssItbäamWv. `À¯mhns\ A\pkcn¡WsaìÅXpsImp am{XamWv kv{XoIÄ CXn\p hnt[bcmIp¶Xv. Xmåcyan Ãm¯ Hcmfpambn _eambn ssewKnI_Ôw \S¯p¶Xv ‘_emÂkwKw’ F¶mWv Adnb s¸Sp¶Xv. CXp IpäamWv. \nbahnt[bamb _emÂkwKambn It¯men¡m hnhml§sfm s¡ Xcw Xmgv¯s¸«ncnçIbmWv Cu \nb {´Wwaqew. {]IrXn\nba§Äç hncp²ambn C§s\ ssewKnI _Ô¯n GÀs¸Sp¶Xphgn tdm `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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a³ It¯men¡m kv{XoIfn ]ecpw A[nIw XmaknbmsX ssewKnI Imcy§fn Xmåcyan Ãm¯hcmbn¯ocmw. X§fpsS `mcyamcpsS ac hn¨ s]cpamä¯n ]cmXns¸«psImv At\ Iw It¯men¡m `À¯m¡·mÀ Fs¶ kao]n ¨n«pv. KÀ`\ntcm[\¯n\pÅ KpfnIItfm, aäp amÀK§tfm D]tbmKn¡m³ Ahsc A\p hZn¨ncpìsh¦n AÞhnkÀÖ\ kab ¯pw AhÀ ssewKnI _Ô¯n GÀs¸Spam bncpì. F¦n \nch[n IpSpw_§Ä XIÀ¨ sb AXnPohnçambncpì. sUbnknsb kµÀiIapdnbnte¡b¨n«v Rm³ kndnepambn kw`mjW¯nteÀs¸«p. hn Zymk¼¶\mb AbmÄ, `mcybpsS lnX¯n s\Xncmbn `mhnk´m\§sf It¯men¡cm bn hfÀ¯msa¶v FgpXnh¨Xv sXämbnt¸msb ¶v Rm³ XoÀ¯p]dªp. k`bpsS A\pim k\§ÄsImv, kpc£nXIme¯p am{Xw `m cybpambn ssewKnI_Ôw ]peÀ¯nb A bmÄ, henb a\x{]bmkw IqSmsX ]ckv{XoK a\w \S¯nbXnse sshcp[yw Rm³ Nqn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¡m«n. B sXän\v AbmÄ Ip¼kmcn¨n«ps ¶mbncpì adp]Sn. F´p sXäpw sNbvXpIgn ªv Ip¼kmcn¨p ]cnlmcw t\SmsaìÅ hn izmkw It¯men¡sc IqSpX sXäpsN¿m³ t{]cn¸nçì. aäp kv{XoIfnepÅ Xmåcyw D t]£n¨n«p `mcybpambn AhÀ¡mhiyapÅ t¸mÄ ssewKnI_Ôw \S¯m\pw imkv{Xob amb KÀ`\nb{´W amÀK§Ä kzoIcn¡m\pw Rm³ \nÀt±in¨p. kndn Fsâ \nÀt±i§Ä AwKoIcn¨p. sUbnknçw {]iv\§Ä hyIvXambn. Ct¸mÄ sUbnknbpw kndnepw hfsc kt´mjIcamb IpSpw_PohnXw \bnçì.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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9 `Khm·mcpw `KhXnamcpw sUÂlnbnse Hcp _metbmKn IÅ¡S¯p tIkn IpSp§nbn«v A[nIImeambnÃ. AXp kw_Ôn¨pÅ hmÀ¯IÄ sI«S§nbn«nsæn epw B `Khmsâ Imcy¯n C³Uybv¡I ¯pw ]pd¯papÅ `IvXP\§Ä Ct¸mgpw Xå ccmWv. B{Ôm¡mc³ kXykmbn_m_, _mw KvfqÀ¡mc³ inhtbmKn _me almcmPv, ] cnasse kzman XpS§n thsdbpw Ht«sd ‘ssZ hmhXmc§Ä’ Dv. `KhXnamcpw C¡mcy ¯n ]pdtIm«Ã. C³UybpsS ]e `mK§fn embn AcUkt\mfw `KhXnamcpw Pohn¨ncn çì. atljvtbmKn, ]dçwkzman XpS§nb
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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k\ymknamcpsS IWs¡SpçIt]mepw Ffp¸ aÃ. ap³Ime§tf¡mÄ `Khm·mcpw `KhXnam cpw k\ymknamcpw `IvXP\§fpw IqSnhcpì v. imkv{X¯n\v C{Xtbsd ]ptcmKXnbpm bn«pw F´psImmWnXp kw`hnç¶sX¶v ]ecpw kwibnçìmhpw. kzmX{´y¯n\p tijapÅ C³Uybn aX]camb I_fn¸n¡ epIÄç ]änb cmjv{Sobm´co£w Dsì ÅXmWv CXn\pImcWw. X«n¸v Hcp {Inan\ çäamsW¦nepw, AXp aX¯nsâ t]cnem bm \nba hnt[bamb ]pWyIÀ½ambn amdp ¶ ImgvNbmWv ChnsS ImWp¶Xv. atXXc C³UybpsS `cWLS\ aXkzmX{´yw A\ph Znçìv. AXnsâ ad]nSn¨psImmWv ]p tcmlnX thj[mcnIfmb kv{XoIfpw ]pcpj ·mcpw AXn\oNamb X«n¸pIÄ \S¯nhcp¶ Xv. aXhnImc§sf {hWs¸Sp¯nsb¶v Btcm ]Ww DmImXncnç¶Xn\pthn ]ptcmKa \hmZnIfmb BfpIÄt]mepw CXnsâ t\sc I®Sbvçì. AÔhnizmknIfmb Nne cmjv `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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{Sob t\Xm¡·mcpsS klmbw DÅXpsImv \oXn\ymb ]cn]me\¯n\p NpaXes¸«hÀ Cu X«n¸pImÀs¡Xncmbn Fs´¦nepw \S]Sn sbSp¡m³ `bs¸Spì. aX]camb Imcy§ fn kwibn¡mt\m At\zjWw \S¯mt\m an\s¡SmdnÃm¯hcpw, A§s\ sN¿p¶Xv sXämsWì IcpXp¶hcpamWv km[mcW P\ §Ä. Cu ]cnXØnXnbn aX]camb X«n¸p IÄ¡p hfcm³ ]änb hf¡qdpÅ Hcp {]tZi ambn kzX{´ C³Uy amdnbncnçì. aX¯nsâ t]cn X«n¸p \S¯p¶ C¯c ¡mcn NneÀ B[p\nI hmÀ¯mhn\nab ku Icy§fpw {]NcWhnZyIfpw icnçw D]tbm Kn¡mdpv. A¯c¡mcn NneÀ C³Uybvç ]pd¯p\nìt]mepw Bbnc¡W¡n\v Bcm[ Isc BIÀjnçì. X]kp sImtm [ym\w sImtm t\SnsbSp¯sX¶v AhImis¸Sp¶ ‘kn²n’bmWv ChcpsS ssIapXÂ. Cu Iq« ¯nÂs]« NneÀ kzbw ssZh§tfm ssZhm hXmc§tfm BsW¶v AhImis¸Smdpv. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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C¯cw Nne C³Uy³ ssZh§Ä Ct¸mÄ CS bv¡nsS {ioe¦bnteçw ISìhcpìv.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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10 kXykmbn_m_ ‘]p\ÀP·w’ F¶ Fsâ kn\nabpsS {]ZÀi\ t¯mS\p_Ôn¨v a{Zmkv, _mwKvfqÀ, tImgn t¡mSv, XriqÀ, FdWmIpfw, sImÃw, Xncph\ ´]pcw F¶o Øe§Ä kµÀin¨t¸mÄ Rm³ ]{X¡mÀ¡v C§s\ Hcp {]kvXmh\ \ÂIpIbpmbn: “temI¯n Hcp¯Àçw {]IrXymXoXtam Znhytam Bb bmsXmcp iIvXnbpw CÃ. BIm i¯nÂ\n¶v shdpw IcNe\w sImv hmt¨m inhenwKtam `kvatam FSp¯pImWn¡msa¶v NneÀ AhImis¸Smdpv. AsXms¡ shdpw X«n¸pIfmWv. Cu hI Imcy§fn imkv{Xo bamb At\zjWw \S¯m³ Ignthm a\tkm CÃm¯ hnizmknIsf ]änç¶Xn\pthn, C³Uybnse a\pjyssZh§Ä C§s\ ]e `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Xpw sN¿p¶Xmbn AhImis¸SpIbpw AXn \p h³tXmXn {]NcWw \ÂIpIbpw sN¿p ì. Fsâ ]cntim[\bvç hnt[bambn GsX ¦nepw a\pjyssZh¯nt\m `Khmt\m Znhy]p cpjt\m C¯cw Hcp AZv`pXw ImWn¡msa ¦n Rm³ B a\pjy\v Hcp e£w cq]m sIm Sp¡mw. Rm³ acnç¶Xphsc Cu shÃphnfn \ne\nÂç¶XmWv.” ssZhamsWìw ssZhmhXmcamsWìw Zn hy]pcpj\msWìsams¡ AhImis¸Sp¶h cpsSsbÃmw {i²bn hc¯¡h®w C³ Uy³ ]{X§Ä Cu {]kvXmh\ {]kn²oI cn¨p. ]e `Khm·mÀçw CXp kln¨nÃ. Fsâ ]´bw kzoIcn¨v ZnhyiIvXn sXfnbn¡msa¶v Ahcn At\Iwt]À F\ns¡gpXn. thsd NneÀ Fsâ shÃphnfn kzoIcn¨Xmbn ]{X {]kvXmh\bpw CdçIbpmbn. tUmIvSÀ h Uvem apSn (sU¡m¬ sldmÄUv), kn.Fkv. XoÀ°¦À (lnµp), ]Xm©en tk¯n (_vfn ävkv hmcnI), BÀ.]n. Xnhmcn (C³Uy³ FIv kv{]kv), `mcXv tPymXn F¶nhcpw t]cp shfn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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s¸Sp¯m¯ Hcp _ÀZzm³Imc\pw (AarX_ kmÀ ]{XnI) BWv ]{X§fneqsS shÃphnfn kzoIcn¨Xv. ]{X§fn {]kvXmh\IÄ Cd¡nbhcpw I ¯pIÄ Ab¨hcpamb Hmtcmcp¯cptSbpw ASp¯psN¶v ]cntim[\ \S¯pI Hcp a\p jys\s¡mp km[yaÃtÃm. AXpsImv C Xn bmYmÀ° ZnhyiIvXnbpÅhsc Ip]n Snç¶Xn\pthn Hcp {]mYanI ]co£Ww \S¯p¶Xn\v Rm³ \nivNbn¨p. ]´bwh bv¡m³ B{Klnç¶hÀ 100I. hoXw \ncX {Zhyw sI«nhbv¡Wsaìw AXn\p XbmdmIp ¶hsc C³UybnepÅ Fsâ kplr¯p¡Ä {]mYanI ]cntim[\bv¡v hnt[bamçsaìw AXn Pbnç¶hsc Rm³ t\cn«p ImWp¶ XmsWìw ]{X§Ähgn Rm³ adp]SnsImSp ¯p. Fsâ C³Uy³ kplr¯p¡Ä \S¯p ¶ ]co£Whpw Rm³ hniZoIcn¨ncpì. Hä cq]bpsS Hcp Id³kn t\m«p ImWn¨psImSp çw. AtX {Ia\¼cn A¯cw Hcp t\m«v ZnhyiIvXnbm \nÀ½n¡Ww. CXp Ignbp¶n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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sæn Hcp Ihdn Hcpcq]m t\m«v AS¨ph bv¡mw. IhÀ Xpd¡msX t\m«nsâ {Ia\¼À hmbn¡Ww. CXn GsX¦nepw Hcp ]co£ W¯n hnPbnç¶ BÄ¡v At±lw sI«n hbvç¶ \ncX {Zhyw DSs\ Xncn¨p\ÂIpw. B Znhy]pcpjsâ iIvXn t\cn ]co£n¨dn bp¶Xn\pthn Rm³ DSs\ Øes¯¯mw. Fsâ ]cntim[\bnepw CXpw kXyamsWì sXfnªm At¸mÄ Xs¶ Rm³ At±l ¯n\v Hcp e£w cq] sImSpç¶XmWv. Fsâ Cu cmas¯ {]kvXmh\ ]pd¯p h¶n«v Ct¸mÄ amkw ]eXmbn. ]t£, Hcp a \pjyssZhhpw B shÃphnfn kzoIcn¨n«nÃ. 100 I. sI«nh¨v F´psImmWv {]mYanI ]co£W¯n\v Cu `Khm·mÀ XbmdmIm¯ Xv? AhÀs¡Ãmw Adnbmw, B \qdpdp¸nI \jvSs¸Spsa¶v. {]]©¯n {]IrXymXoXamb bmsXmìw kw`hnç¶nÃ. ChnsS Fs´Ãmw kw`hnç ìtm AsXÃmw {]IrXn\nba§Äç hnt[ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bambXmWv. ]t£, a\pjysâ XpNvOamb hn Úm\wsImv {]IrXnbpsS ]e {]Xn`mk§ tfbpw a\knem¡m³ Ignªn«nÃ. {]mIrX a\pjysâ ap¼n AZv`pXambn tXm¶nbncp ¶ ]eXpw B[p\nI a\pjy\v AZv`pXaÃ. C ¶v \ap¡v AZv`pXambn tXmì¶ ]eXpw \m sf AZv`pXaÃmXmbnXocpIbpw sN¿pw. AWpiIvXn, _mlymImik©mcw, N{µK thjWw, lrZbw amänhbv¡Â, Ir{Xna Po h³, sSkväväyq_v inip, tdUntbm, sSekvtIm¸v XpS§nbhsbÃmw imkv{X¯nsâ t\« §fmWv. aX{KÙ§fnÂ\nt¶m Znhy]pcpj ·mcnÂ\nt¶m C¯cw GsX¦nepw t\«w tem I¯n\pmbn«ptm? kmbn_m_ sNbvXp Fì]dbp¶ AZv`pX §Ä, tUmIvSÀ `Kh´w Fs¶mcp C³Uy³ imkv{XÚ³ icnh¨p F¶v `IvX·mÀ Ah Imis¸Spìv. `Kh´w ]dªp F¶XpsIm pam{Xw BÀçw AXv AwKoIcn¡m³ km `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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[yaÃ. imkv{Xob ]co£Ww aqew AXp sXfn bn¨p ImWn¡m³ `Kh´w XbmdmtWm? A sæn AXv At±l¯nsâ Hcp AÔhnizm kamsWì hyIvXw. Hcp imkv{XÚ³ ]d ªp F¶XpsImv Aimkv{XobambXp im kv{XobamhpIbnÃ. Hcp hyIvXntbtbm hkvXp hnt\tbm Znhysaì IcpXn ]co£Whnt[b am¡mXncnç¶Xpw imkv{Xobamb at\m`mh aÃ. BImi¯p \nìw `kvatam inhenwKtam H s¡ kmbn_m_ FSp¯v `IvXP\§Ä¡p sImSp¡mdps¶mWp ]dbp¶Xv. CsXmcp A Zv`pXamtWm? Bbnc¡W¡n\mfpIÄ ]s¦Sp ¯ncp¶ s]mXptbmK§fn h¨v BImi¯n teç ssIbpbÀ¯nbXn\ptijw `kvasaSp ¯v Rm³ kZkyÀ¡v \ÂInbn«pv. ASp¯ Ime¯v a{ZmknÂh¨v Fs¶ A\ptamZn¡m³ Hcp s]mXptbmKw \Sì. AhnsSh¨v Hcp `Iv X³ Ft¶mSptNmZn¨p. kmbn_m_ sN¿p¶ Xpt]mse BImi¯p\nìw `kvasaSp¯p Im Wn¡mtamsb¶v. Cu tNmZyw Rm³ t\cs¯ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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{]Xo£n¨ncp¶XmWv. \mSIobamb coXnbn BImit¯ç ssIbpbÀ¯nbXn\p tijw Ipsd `kvaw AbmfpsS ssIbnen«psImSp¯p. XpSÀì ]ecpw Ft¶mSp `kvaw Bhiys¸«p. \qdpIW¡n\mfpIÄ¡v Rm³ AhnsSh¨p ` kvaw \ÂIn. hnip²hkvXphmbn IcpXn NneÀ AXp s]mXnªv t]m¡änenSp¶Xp Rm³ I p. Nne kv{XoIÄ B ‘hninjvShkvXp’ s\än bn [cnçIbpw sNbvXp. £Whnizmkioe cmb Ahscms¡ IcpXnbXv Znhy iIvXnsIm v Rm³ iq\yXbnÂ\nì \nÀ½n¨XmWv B `kvasa¶mWv. Rm³ AhtcmSv GXmbmepw k Xyw Xpdì]dªp. Cu tNmZyw {]Xo£n¨ncp ¶ Rm³ sImfwt_mbnÂ\nìw sImph¶ Xmbncpì AXv. Cu Imcy¯n Hcp ]cntim [\ \S¯m\pÅ XtâStam kmam\yt_m[tam AhnsS¡qSnbncp¶hcn BÀs¡¦nepw Dm bncpìsh¦n AbmÄ Cu tNmZyw tNmZnç ¶Xn\pap¼v Fs¶ ]cntim[\mhnt[b\mç ambncpì. F¦n Fsâ t]m¡än kq£n ¨ncp¶ `kvaw Ip]nSnçambncpì. km[mc `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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W `kvaw Dmç¶Xpt]mseXs¶ NmWIw I¯n¨v Fsâ `mcy Dm¡nb `kvaamWv Rm³ a{Zmkn hnXcWw sNbvXXv. Ipcntim inhenwKtam hmt¨m tamXnctam F´p thW sa¦nepw C§s\ BImi¯p\n¶v FSp¯pIm Wn¡mw. Aåw ]cnioe\w thWsaìam{Xw. kmbn_m_sb¸än IÅ¡YIÄ {]Ncn¸n ç¶Xn Z¯{i²·mcmWv At±l¯nsâ in jy·mscÃmw Xs¶. tUm. än. \ssÃ\mY³ F s¶mcmÄ ‘ssSwkv Hm^v kntem¬’ ]{X¯n FgpXnbncp¶ Hcp teJ\¯nÂ\n¶v {]kIvX `mK§Ä ChnsS D²cn¡mw: “]Ww, ]gw F¶nh am{XaÃ, ]q¡Ät]m epw sImphccpsX¶v `Khm³ kXykmbn _m_ `IvX·mtcmSp ]dbmdpv. kmbn_m_ DÄs¸sS FÃm aX¯nepws]« hnip²·msc ¸än B`mkIcamb teJ\§Ä FgpXpI ]Xn hm¡nbncp¶ Hcp C³Uy³ Xangv ]{X¯nsâ FUnäÀ cp hÀjs¯ XShpin£bvç hn [n¡s¸«p... Fgp¯paqetam {]mÀ°\aqetam `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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BXvamÀ°ambn Xsâ klmbw At]£nç ¶ GXp `IvXt\bpw kmbn_m_ klmbn çw. Hcp DZmlcWw ]dbmw. Imen t^mÀWn bmbnse temkv B©ekv F¶ Øe¯p Imc\mb NmÄkv s]³ F¶ ss]eäv Hcn¡Â hnam\¯n k©cnçt¼mÄ BImi¯ph¨v hnam\¯n\p Xo]nSn¨p. ]cn{`an¨v At±lw t\mçt¼mÄ sXm«Sp¯v kmbn_m_ Ccnç ì! bmsXmcp Ipg¸hpw IqSmsX hnam\w Xmsg Cdç¶Xn\v _m_ At±ls¯ klmbn¨p. bYmÀ°¯n imcocnIambn kmbn_m_ A ¶v C³Uybnembncpì. F¦nepw Bbnc¡W ¡n\p ssaepIÄ¡¸pd¯v a[ymImi¯neqsS k©cn¨ncp¶ B ssham\nI\pw At±l¯n sâ klmbw e`n¨p. CsX§s\ km[n¨p F ìÅXv hyIvXamsW¦nepw tImhqcnt\t¸mep Å bpIvXnhmZnIÄ CXp hnizkn¡Wsa¦n sXfnhv thWsaì ]dbpw. AhXmcw, IÀ½w XpS§nb al¯mb kXy§Ä AdnbWsa ¦n NmÄkv s]¶ns\t¸mse Hcp `IvX\mbn ¯ocs«. {io kXykmbn_m_bpsS ]S¯n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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\n¶v Ip¦paw, `kvaw XpS§nbh hogp¶ Øe §fpsS t]cpw hnemkhpw thWsa¦n Rm³ At±l¯n\p \ÂImw. a{ZmknÂh¨v R §Ä Hcp Ukt\mfw kntem¬ImÀ Cu A Zv`pXImgvN Ip. t`ZamhpIbnsÃì ]dªv kznävkÀeânse tUmIvSÀamÀ XÅnb Icfn\p Im³kÀ ]nSn¨ Hcp tcmKnsb kmbn_m_ kpJs¸Sp¯n. XfÀhmXw ]nSn¨ Hcp Ip«nsb It¸mÄ At±lw Aåw `kvaw \nÀ½n¨v A½bptStbm c£mIÀ¯mhntâtbm ssI bn sImSp¯v AXp t`Zam¡n. Hä t\m« ¯nÂXs¶ HcmfpsS ap³]n³ P·§sfçdn¨v Adnbm³ `Khm\p Ignbpw.” hnizkvXcmb BfpIfpsS km£yhpw hyIv Xamb sXfnhpanÃmsX C¯cw IYIÄ hniz knçhm³ km[yaÃ. aXhnizmknIfpsS C¯ cw `mh\m\p`h§Ä imkv{Xobambn ]cntim [nçt¼mÄ Ig¼nÃm¯hbmsW¶v t_m[y s¸Spw. kmbn_m_bpsS ]S¯nÂ\n¶v `kva hpw Ip¦pahpw hogp¶ Øe§fpsS hnemkw In«nbn«p ImcyanÃ. Fsâ ]cntim[\bvçti `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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jw GsX¦nepw Øe¯v kmbn_m_bpsS ]S¯nÂ\n¶v `kvaw hogp¶Xp ImWn¡m³ Rm³ \ssÃ\mY³ DÄs¸sSbpÅ kmbn`IvX ·msc shÃphnfnçì. kmbn_m-_tbbpw aäp k\ymknamtcbpw ]än B`mkIcamb teJ\w {]kn²oIcn¨Xn\v Hcp Xangv]{X¯nsâ FUnäsd cp hÀj t¯¡v in£n¨p F¶v tUm. \ssÃ\mY³ ]d ªXv ]¨¡ÅamWv. CXnsâ bmYmÀ°yw A dnbp¶Xn\pthn sXt¡ C³Uybnse {][m \s¸« cp ]{Xam^okpIÄ hgnbpw ]n.än. sF. bpsS kntem¬imJ hgnbpw Rm³ Xnc ¡n. A§s\sbmcp kw`hw \S¶n«nsömbn cpì F\nç In«nb hnhcw. hnam\¯nÂh¨v ASp¯ koän kmbn_m_sb I NmÄkv s]¶nsâ hnemkw Rm³ Bhiys¸«n«v \ ssÃ\mYt\m aämsc¦neptam AXp \ÂIm³ X bmdmbnÃ. ]{Xm[n]sc in£n¨p Fì ]dbp ¶Xpt]mepÅ IÅ¡YbmbXpsImmWv ssham\nIsâ hnemkw Xcm³ `IvX·mÀ Xbm dmImXncp¶Xv. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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hnam\§sf \nb{´n¡m³ kmbn_m_bvç Ignhpmbncps¶¦n ASp¯Ime¯v C³ Uybnepmb Nne hnam\m]IS§Ä Hgnhm ¡m\t±lw {iant¡Xmbncpì. AXsæn Xs¶, ]mInØm\pw C³Uybpw X½n bp²w \S¶t¸mÄ C³UybpsS hI hnam\§Ä \jv Ss¸Sp¯mXncn¡m³ At±lw {iant¡Xm bncpì. `IvX·msc am{Xta _m_ c£n¡bp Åq F¶msW¦n C\ntaen kmbn`IvX ·msc ss]eäpIfmbn \nban¡m³ C³UymK h¬saâv {i²nt¡XmWv. taml³ Ipamc awKew, tUm `m` XpS§nb _p²nimenIfpsS Poh³ A]ISs¸SmXncnçambncp¶tÃm? km bn`IvX·mÀ¡v ZnhyiIvXnbpÅXpsImv thyma]cnioe\hpw BhiyanÃ! `kvaw D]tbmKn¨v kmbn_m_ Im³kÀ t`Zs¸Sp¯nsb¶v tUmIvSÀ \ssÃ\mY³ ]d bpìs¦nepw A§s\ tcmKw t`Zs¸«bm fnsâ hnhc§Ä sImSp¯n«nÃ. AXpsImp Xs¶ AXv IÅ¡YbmsW¶v hyIvXamIpì. Be¸pgbnse Hcp tUmIvSÀ sI. sI. \mbÀ, `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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_n. F. Fw. _n. _n. Fknsâ ]Xv\n¡v Im³ kÀ h¶t¸mÄ kmbn_m_ \ÂInb `kvaw sImp t`Zambn F¶v Hcp hmÀ¯ kntem Wn {]Ncn¡s¸«p. CXnsâ bmYmÀ°yw Adnbp¶Xn\pthn 2þ2þ1969þ tUmIvSÀ sI. sI. \mbÀ¡v C§s\ Hcp Is¯gpXn. {]nbs¸« ankväÀ \mbÀ, Fsâ Hcp kvt\lnX\mb hn. hn. \mbÀ ]d ªp. \n§fpsS `mcybvçmb Im³kÀ tcmKw kmbn_m_ \ÂInb hnip² `kvawsImv t`Zamsb¶v. Xm¦Ä Hcp `njKzc\mb XpsImmWv CXnsâ bmYmÀ°yadnbphm³ Xm¦Äs¡gpXp¶Xv. km[mcWKXnbn AÔ hnizmknIfpw £Whnizmkioecpw C¯cw IYIÄ `mh\bnÂ\nìw Dm¡n ]dbmdpv. Xm¦Ä A¡q«¯n AÃtÃm. Cu tcmKim ´n¡Ybn Fs´¦nepw kXyaps¦n C ¡mcy¯n Hcp imkv{Xob KthjWw \S ¯m³ Rm³ B{Klnçì. `kvaNnInXv `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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kbvçap¼v AhcpsS cIvX]cntim[\ \S ¯nbXnsâ tcJIfptm? ap¼v Im³kdn\v Xm¦tfm aämsc¦neptam Ahsc NnInXvkn¨n «ptm? Ds¦n AXnsâ tcJ ImWn¡m tam? Im³kÀtcmKw t`Zam¡¯¡ Fs´¦nepw Cu hn`qXnbneps¦n `mhnbnse Im³kÀ tcmKnIÄ¡v Cu hmÀ¯ F{Xtbm Bizmk IcamWv? CXp icnbmsW¦n AZv`pXiIv XnbpÅ Cu `kvaw temIs¯§papÅ Im³ kÀ Bip]{XnIfn tiJcn¡m³ GÀ¸mSp m¡Ww. AXn\pthn Cu `kva¯nsâ i IvXn sXfnbnç¶ Hcp imkv{XobteJ\w X bmdm¡n {][m\s¸« saUn¡Â tPÀWepI fn {]kn²oIcn¡Ww. AXymhiysaìs ¦n Hcp ]co£Ww \S¯m³ Rm³ Be¸pg hcmw. kZbw adp]Sn AbçatÃm. \n§fpsS hnizkvX³, F{_lmw Sn. tImhqÀ. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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1969 s^{_phcn cmw XobXn Ab¨ Cu I¯n\v 1969 Pqsse hsc adp]Sn In«nbnÃ. Pq sse 27þmw XobXn Be¸pgh¨p IqSnb Hcp h¼n¨ s]mXptbmK¯nÂh¨v Rm³ Cu I ¯p ]ckyambn hmbnçIbpw Cu I¯v sXfnbn¡m³ tUmIvSÀ \mbtcmSv Bhiys¸ SpIbpw sNbvXp. tUmIvSÀ \mbtctbm A\p bmbnItftbm ImWmsaì IcpXn cp Znh kw Be¸pg Xmaknç¶XmsWìw Rm³ A¶v ]ckyambn ]dbpIbpmbn. ]t£, B cpw Cu IY sXfnbn¡m³ apt¶m«ph¶nÃ. kmbn_m_ Xmaknç¶ ]p«]À¯nbnÂ, At±l¯nsâ t\XrXz¯n Hcp kuP\y B ip]{Xn \S¯pìs¶v _m_m`IvX·mÀ X s¶ k½Xnçìv. AZv`pXIcambn tcmKim ´nbpm¡m³ kmbn_m_bvç Ignhps ¦n tbmKy·mcmb tUmIvSÀamsc i¼f ¯nÂh¨v F´n\v Bip]{Xn \S¯pì? AhnsS tcmKnIÄ¡v hnip²`kvaamtWm acp ¶mtWm \ÂIp¶sXìw Adnbm³ Xmåcy apv. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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kmbn_m_ C³Uybnembncnçt¼mÄ X s¶ Atacn¡bn NmÄkv s]¶n\p {]Xy£ s¸«p F¶ IYsbgpXnb tUmIvSÀ \ssÃ\m Y³ Xs¶ hnNn{Xamb asämcp IYIqSn FgpXn kntemWnse Hcp hÀ¯am\¸{X¯n {]kn ²oIcn¨p: “1965 G{]n amk¯n \måXphbkpÅ `Khm³ kXykmbn_m_ sImfwt_mbn {] Xy£s¸«v Fs¶ A\p{Kln¨p. AtX kabw Xs¶ `Khm³ B{Ôm{]tZinse ]«W§fn `IvX·msc A\p{Kln¨psImv k©cnçI bmbncpì. Rm\pw _m_bpw sImfwt_mbn se Hcp Hm^okn 45 an\näp kabw H¶n¨p Ign¨pIq«n. At±lw AhnsSh¨v knwlf `mj bn AhnsSbpmbncp¶ DtZymKØ·mcp ambn kwkmcn¨p. At±lw PohnX¯n Hcn ¡epw knwlf`mj ]Tn¨n«nÃ.” Cu IYsb¸än Rm³ DSs\ At\zjWw \S¯n. tUmIvSÀ \ssÃ\mYt\msSm¯v A¶v kmbn_m_sb I Hscmä a\pjy\pw At± `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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l¯n\p km£n ]dbm\pmbncp¶nÃ. A§ s\ AXp ]¨¡ÅamsWì sXfnªp. Cu hnhcw ImWn¨psImv Rm³ {][m\s¸« kn tem¬ ]{X§fnseÃmw {]kvXmh\ sImSp ¯p. \ssÃ\mY³ AtX¸än ]ns¶ annbn«n Ã. ]Wamtbm km[\§fmtbm `IvXP\§fn \n¶v kmbn_m_ Hìw hm§p¶nsöv tUm IvSÀ \ssÃ\mY\pw Iq«cpw ]dbmdpv. AXp icnbmsW¦n ]p«]À¯nbn kmbn_m_ \S¯p¶ kuP\y Bip]{XnbpsS sNehn\m hiyamb ]Ww FhnsS \nì e`nçì F¶v hyIvXam¡Ww. _mw¥qcn kmbn_m_bv¡v sIm«mckZriamb Hcp _w¥mhpv. AsX§ s\ e`n¨p? `IvXP\§fnÂs]« [\nIÀ¡v k ½m\ambn \ÂImdpÅ hneIqSnb B`cW §Ä hm§m\pÅ ]Ww FhnsS \nì e`n çì? _m_ A©pw ]¯pamsbmìw hm§m dnÃmbncn¡mw; Bbnc¡W¡n\pw ]Xn\mbnc ¡W¡n\pamWv hgn]mSv kzoIcnç¶Xv Fì am{Xw. kmbn_m_bvt¡m ]p«]À¯nbnse A `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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t±l¯nsâ D]{Kl§Ät¡m ]W¯n\v Hcm {Klhpansæn lnµp¡Ä [mcmfapÅ Øe §fn i¼fw sImSp¯v {]NmcI·msc \nb anç¶ ‘kmbvkamP’§Ä F´n\v? _m_ kz´w Bhiy¯n\pÅ kzÀWhpw cq]bpw aäpw kzbw \nÀ½nçì F¶v Nne ` IvX·mÀ ]dbpì. C³UymKh¬saânsâ A \phmZw IqSmsX Id³knt\m«pmç¶ ]Wn kmbn_m_ sN¿pìs¦nÂ, AXv ZnhyiIv XnsImmsW¦nÂt]mepw in£mÀlamb {In an\ IpäamWv. kzÀW¯nsâ IYbpw hyXy kvXaÃ. KhÀsaânsâ A\phmZw IqSmsX kzÀWw Ipgns¨Sp¡mt\m CdçaXn sN¿m t\m BÀçw AhImianÃ. A§s\sbms¡ _m_ sN¿pìs¦n IÅt\m«Snç¶h \pw IÅ¡S¯p \S¯p¶h\pamWv At±l saì hcpw. AXp `IvX·mÀ¡v kln¡mhp¶ hnaÀi\asæn¡qSn A¯cw Btcm]W §Ä _m_sb¸än \nehnepsìÅXv ad¨p h¨n«v ImcyanÃ. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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C\nbpw hmZ¯n\pthn kmbn_m_bv¡v ZnhyiIvXnsImv kzÀWtam Id³knt\mt«m atäsX¦neptam \nÀ½n¡m³ IgnbpsaìX s¶ k½XnçI. F¦n C³Uysbt¸mepÅ Hcp Zcn{Z cmPy¯v Fs´Ãmw \à Imcy§Ä sN¿m³ Ignbpambncpì. cmPØm³ acp`qan bnse Ipsd aWÂ, s\tÃm Acntbm B¡n amänbncps¶¦n C³Uybnse ]«nWn Xocpam bncpì. CÃm¯ hnesImSp¯v hntZicmPy §fn-Â\nìw `£ykm[\§Ä CdçaXnsN ¿p¶ Øm\¯v IcpWm\n[nbmb Cu `Khm\v {]tXyI {]bXv\tam ]WwapSt¡m IqSmsX AXp Ignbpambncp¶n«pw At±lw F´psIm v AXp sNbvXnÃ? CÃmbvabn \n¶v kzÀWhpw ]Whpw D m¡m³ Ignbp¶ Cu `Khms\ [\Imcya {´nbmç¶ Imcyw {ioaXn CµncmKmÔn CXp hsc BtemNn¡m¯sX´msW¶mWv Fsâ kwibw. At±lw Hì hnNmcn¨m C³Uy sb k¼¶cmjv{S§fn H¶mbn amämambncp ¶tÃm. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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{InkvXym\nIfpsS ssZhamb tbip{InkvXp P\n¨Xv ]pcpj kwtbmK¯mesÃìw BIm i¯nÂ\nìw Cd§nh¶ ]cnip²mXvamhn \m BsWìw B aX¡mÀ hnizknçì. IeymW¯n\p ap¼v KÀ`nWnbmb adnb¯nsâ ‘]cnip²mXvamIX’ A]cnjvIrXcmb A¶ s¯ BfpIÄ hnizkn¨p. ]p{XtajvSnbmKw \S¯nbt¸mÄ s]m´nh¶ ]mbkw Ign¨v Zi cYalmcmPmhnsâ `mcyamÀ, KÀ`nWnIfmsb ¶v lnµp¡Ä hnizknçì. hr²bmb kmdm bv¡v btlmhbmb ssZhw {]kmZn¨v Hcp ]p {Xs\ sImSp¯psh¶v blqZ·mÀçw Hcp ]mc ¼cyapv. FÃm aX§Äçw C¯cw ZnhyKÀ` §fpsS Ipsd IYIÄ ]dbm\pmIpw. ssZ hmhXmcamb _m_bvçw C¯cw IYIÄ Csæn tamiamWv. ]t£, `Khm³ P\n¨ Xns\ kw_Ôn¨v ZnhyIYIÄ HìanÃ. F ¶m kmbn_m_ At\Iw kv{XoIÄ¡v Znhy KÀ`w \ÂInbXnsâ IYIÄ tI«n«pv. A©p hÀjw ap¼v ‘\m¯nIw’ F¶ Xangv hmcnI
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bn h¶ Hcp hmÀ¯bpsS kw{Klw Xmsg tNÀçì: `Khmsâ AhXmcamsWì hnizkn¡s¸Sp ¶ hnip²\mb kXykmbn_m_bpsS X«n¸n \p hnt[bcmbn«pÅ At\Iw kv{XoIfn Hcm fmWv Xncphmcqcnse anknkv Pm\In. 35 hb kpÅ Pm\In Hcp k¼¶sâ `mcybmWv. ]Xn \©phÀjs¯ Zm¼XyPohnX¯n\nSbn Hcp Ip«nt]mepw AhÀçmbnÃ. ]e tUmIvSÀ amscbpw AhÀ kao]n¨p. At\I Øe§fn XoÀ°mS\w \S¯n. {]tbmP\ samìapmbnÃ. AhÀ¡v KÀ`w [cn¡mXncn ¡m³ ASnØm\]camb \yq\XIsfmìansà ìw C\nbpw KÀ`[mcW¯n\pÅ km[yXIÄ Dsìw tUmIvSÀamÀ ]dªncpì. A§s\ bncns¡ kmbn_m_m `IvX·mcmb NneÀ \nÀ t±in¨X\pkcn¨v ]p«]À¯nbn sN¶v AhÀ ‘hnip²’ a\pjys\ Ip. k´m\`mKy¯n\p thn aqì Znhks¯ ‘GIm´]qP’ \S¯ Wsa¶mWv kmbn_m_ hn[n¨Xv. hnip²\m b _m_msb¸änbpÅ hnizmkhpw Hcp Ip«n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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bpmhp¶Xn\pÅ AXym{Klhpw sImv kmbn_m_bpsS XmakØes¯ Hcp apdn bn AhÀ ‘GIm´]qP’bn {]thin¨p. A [nIw XmaknbmsX `Khm³ k´m\hcw \ Im³ AhcpsS apdnbnse¯n. t]Sn¨phnd¨v Pm\In apdnhnt«mSn. “\ap¡v C¯cw clky ]qP th. Ihsâ Ip«nIÄ DmIp¶ XnÂt`Zw Ip«nIÄ CÃmXncnç¶XmWv.”- Pm\ In `À¯mhnt\mSp ]dªp. kmbn_m_bv¡v At§bäw am\\jvSap mç¶ Hcp hmÀ¯bmWnXv. ‘\m¯nIw’, ‘tXcmfn’, ‘P\bpKw’,‘bpIvXnhmZn’, ‘kntem¬ dmjWenkväv Aw_mkUÀ’ XpS§nb ]{X§ fnseÃmw CXp hì. CXphsc B ]{X§fpsS Hìw t]cn kmbn_m_ tIkpsImSp¯n«n sÃìÅXpXs¶ Cu hmÀ¯ kXyamsWì sXfnbnçì. CXpt]mse ]e kv{XoIÄçw kmbn_m_ ‘GIm´]qP’ \S¯mdps¶m Wv Adnhv. kv{XoIfmWv Cu `Khmsâ Bcm[ Icne[nIhpw. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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{]]©s¯ apgph³ krjvSn¨v c£nç¶Xv ssZh§fmsW ¶mWv ]dbs¸Sp¶Xv. A¯cw ssZh§Ä Nnet¸mÄ `qanbn AhXcnça s{X. {InkvXp, {iocma³, {ioIrjvW³, kmbn _m_ XpS§nbhscÃmw A§s\ AhXcn¨ ssZh§fmsW¶mWv `IvX·mÀ ]dbp¶Xv. A XptIÄçt¼msgms¡ F\n¡v AZv`pXw tXm ìw. ImcWw asämìaÃ, A\´hnkvXrXamb Cu {]]©¯n F{Xtbm \nkmcamb Hcp {KlamWv \½psS `qan. {]kn² tPymXnimkv {XÚ\mb lmÀtemhjm]ven ]dbp¶Xv, \ ½psS `qan t]mepÅ Zie£¡W¡n\p {Kl §Ä Cu {]]©¯neps¶mWv. AhnS§ fn Poh\pw Ds¶mWv At±l¯nsâ ] £w. AhsbÃmw AhKWn¨n«v Cu `qanbn h¶v a\pjykv{XobnÂ\nì P\n¨v Cu `Khm ·msc´n\v t¢inçì F¶mWv a\knemIm ¯Xv. imkv{Xobambn ]cntim[nçt¼mÄ Hcp ¯Àçw ZnhyiIvXnbnsöv hyIvXamIpw. aX {KÙ§fnepw Nne hmcm´¸Xn¸pIfnepw £ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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Whnizmkioecmb NnecpsS a\knepw am{X ta AZv`pX§Ä \SçìÅq. \½psS {Kl ¯n Pohnç¶ GsX¦nepw a\pjy\v {]Ir XymXoXamb iIvXnIfpmbncpìsh¦n ] t Xs¶ Rm³ ]m¸cmIambncpì. 1964 ap XÂXs¶ C¯c¡msc shÃphnfn¨psImp Å teJ\§Ä Rm³ temI¯nsâ FÃm `mK ¯papÅ ]{X§fn {]kn²s¸Sp¯nbncpì. kmbn_m_bvçXs¶ Rm³ Cu hnhcw Fgp Xn Ab¨p. B I¯v C{]Imcambncpì: sImfwt_m, 26, sk]vXw_À 1976 ankväÀ kXykmbn_m_, {]im´n\nebw, ]p«]À¯n, B{Ôm{]tZiv. {]nbs¸« ankväÀ _m_, Xm¦fpsS icochpw hkv{X§fpw Rm³ ]cn tim[n¨p IgnªXn\ptijw AZv`pXIctam Zn hytam Bb iIvXnsImv `kvaw, kzÀWm`c `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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W§Ä, hn{Kl§Ä, ]g§Ä XpS§nbh Fs´¦nepw \nÀ½n¨p ImWn¡msa¦n A ¡mcy¯n\v 75000 cq]hsc GXp XpIbpw ]´ bw hbv¡m³ Rm³ XbmdmsW¶v Adnbn¡m \mWv Cu Is¯gpXp¶Xv. Hä hyhØtb C ¡mcy¯n F\nçÅq. ]co£Wkab¯v Xm¦fpsS amt\Pcpw sk{I«dnbpamb s{]m^ kÀ IkvXqcntbm aäv klImcnItfm Xm¦ fnÂ\n¶v A©phmc AIse am{Xta \n¡m hq. Cu shÃphnfn kzoIcn¨v bpIvXn]qÀhamb R§fpsS kwib§Ä¡XoXambn Xm¦Äç Å ZnhyiIvXn sXfnbn¡m³ Xm¦Ä _m²y Ø\mWv. hnip² a\pjyÀ¡v bpIvXnt¡m im kv{X¯nt\m \nc¡m¯ AZv`pX iIvXn Ds ¶v Fs¶t¸mepÅ kwibmep¡fmb bpIvXn hmZnIÄ¡v sXfnbn¨pX¶mepw. Fs´¦nepw apS´³ \ymb§Ä ]dªv Cu shÃphnfn kzo Icn¡msX Xm¦Ä HgnªpamdnbmÂ, Xm¦fpw Iq«pImcpwIqSn £Whnizmkioecmb P\§ sf I_fn¸nçIbmsW¶v \ymbambpw R §Äç IcptXnhcpw. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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\n§fpsS hnizkvX³, F{_lmw Sn. tImhqÀ. 1965 sk]vXw_dn Ab¨ I¯n\v CXphsc adp]Sn In«nbn«nÃ. ]n¶oSv kntemWnepw C³ UybnepapÅ \nch[n ]{X§fn Rm³ Cu I¯p {]kn²oIcn¨p. `Khm³ kmbn_m_ au\w Zo£nçIbmWv. At±¯nsâ X«n¸p IÄ s]mfnªpt]mIpsa¶v `bs¸Sp¶XpsIm pam{XamWv Cu au\w. kXykmbn_m_ç am{XaÃ, BÀçwXs¶ iq\yXbn \n¶v Hìw Dm¡m³ Ignbp IbnÃ. A§s\ BÀs¡¦nepw Ignªm im kv{Xw CXphsc sI«n¸Sp¯psImph¶ kn ²m´§sfÃmw XIÀìt]mIpw. kmbn_m_bpsS AZv`pXkn²nIfn hniz knç¶ Hcp am\y³ F\n¡v FgpXn Ab¨n cp¶ Nne tNmZy§Ä¡qSn adp]Sn FgpXm³ Cu Ahkcw Rm³ hn\ntbmKnçIbmWv. tNmZyw: imkv{XÚ·msc AZv`pXs¸Sp ¯p¶ ZnhymZv`pX§Ä {]mNo\cpw AÀhmNo `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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\cpamb tbmKnIÄ sNbvXn«pv. Akm[mcW amb B am\knI {]Xn`mk§sf hniZoIcn ¡m³ imkv{XÚ·mÀç IgnbmsX hcp¶ XpsImv A¯cw Znhy kn²nIfpÅhsc A hKWn¡mtam? AhcpsS ZnhyiIvXnIÄ AÀ °iq\ysaì ]dbmtam? D¯cw: tbmKntbm Znhyt\m km[mcW¡m ct\m BcpamIs«, Hcp a\pjy³ sN¿p¶Xn Hìw AZv`pXs¸tS ImcyanÃ. CXphsc im kv{X¯n\p hniIe\w sN¿m³ Ignbm¯ F s´¦nepw AbmÄ sN¿pìs¦n AXnsâ AÀ°w, C\nbpw AXn\p hniZoIcWw Is t¯nbncnçì Fìam{XamWv. C¶se A Zv`pXIcambn tXm¶nbncp¶ ]eXn\pw imkv{X Ú·mÀ Cì hniZoIcWw \ÂIpìv. C ¶s¯ GsX¦nepw kw`h§Ä¡v hniZoIc Ww e`nç¶nsæn AXn\v \msf D¯cw Is¯m³ Ignbpw. a\knem¡m³ Ignbm ¯Xns\ms¡ ZnhyXzw \ÂIp¶Xp aSb¯ camWv. ag, CSn, an¶Â XpS§nbh DmIp¶ sX§s\sb¶v {]mIrXa\pjyÀ¡v Adnhp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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mbncp¶nÃ. ags]¿nç¶Xv hcpWtZh\m sW¶v C³Uy¡mcpw tXmÀtZh\msWì ]m ivNmXycpw hnizkn¨p. {]IrXnbn \Sç¶ sXÃmw {]IrXn \nivNba\pkcn¨msWì Icp Xm\pÅ Adnhv AhÀçmbncp¶nÃ. tNmZyw: Hcp bpIvXnhmZnbpsS shÃphnfn kzoIcn¡m³ aSnç¶ tbmKn tUmIvSÀamÀ, P UvPnamÀ, \nbahnZKv[·mÀ (Chscmìw s]s« ì I_fn¸n¡s¸Sm³ ]änbhcÃtÃm) XpS§n bhcpsS ap¼nÂh¨v AZv`pX§Ä sN¿pIbpw imkv{XhnÚm\s¯ adnISç¶hbmWv B AZv`pX§Ä F¶v AhÀ k½XnçIbpw sN bvXm AXv AwKoIcn¡m³ bpIvXnhmZn Xbm dmtIXtÃ? D¯cw: BXvaobiIvXn F¶ hmçsImv \n§Ä Dt±inç¶Xv am\knIiIvXnbÃmsX asäs´¦nepamsW¦n A¯cw AÔamb k ¦å§fn Rm³ hnizknç¶nÃ. a\pjyt\m atäsX¦nepw Pohnt¡m ‘BXvaobw’ Fì hyh lcnç¶ icocmXoXamb bmsXmcp iIvXnbp anÃ. a\pjysâ am\knIiIvXnsb NneÀ BXv `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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aobiIvXnbmbn sXäp[cn¡mdpv. Hcp tbmKn X\n¡v ZnhyiIvXnbps¶v AhImis¸SpI bpw AXp ]cntim[n¨v bmYmÀ°yw Adnbp hm³ hnk½XnçIbpw sNbvXm AbmÄ X«n¸pImc\msWì IcptXnbncnçì. A km[mcWamb Fs´¦nepw kw`hn¨m \nco £W]co£W§Ähgn AXnsâ ImcWsa ´msW¶v a\knem¡m\pÅ NpaXe FÃm a\pjyÀçapv. tUmIvStdm imkv{XÚt\m PUvPntbm aämsc¦neptam BIs«, ]cntim[n ¡msX AXv AwKoIcnçs¶¦n A¡mcy ¯n AbmÄ AÔhnizmknbmsW¶v hy IvXw. \nba Imcy§fn ]ÞnX\mb HcmÄ Nnet¸mÄ a\ximkv{X¯n XnI¨pw AÚ \mbncnçw. DuÀÖX{´¯n ]mÞnXyw t\ SnbXpsImv Pohimkv{X¯n B a\pjy³ Úm\nbmIWsa¶nÃ. \nco£W ]co£W §Ä \S¯msX HcmÄ Fs´¦nepw hnizkn ¡m³ Xbmdmbm AbmÄ F{X ]Tn¸pÅh \mbmepw AÔhnizmknXs¶.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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tNmZyw: cmPtbmKnIÄ¡v ZnhyÚm\w, ZnhyZÀi\w XpS§nb kn²nIÄ e`nçsaì ]dbp¶Xp icnbmtWm? AtXm, Xm¦Ä a{Zm knepw sImfwt_mbnepw aäpwh¨v \S¯nbXp t]mepÅ kvtäPv {SnçIÄ am{XamtWm AXv? D¯cw: ZnhyÚm\w, ZnhyZÀi\w, Znhy i IvXn, Icn¦®v, Icn\m¡v XpS§n C{µnbmXoX §fmb ]e kn²nItfbpw AXp hgn \S¶ Nne kw`h§tfbpw ]än ]e ]pkvXI§fn epw IYIfnepw hnhcn¨n«pv. ]t£, Ah sbmìw CXphsc imkv{Xobambn sXfnbn¡ s¸«n«nÃ. AXpsImmWv A¯cw GsX¦nepw Hcp {]Xn`mkw Dsì sXfnbnç¶hÀ¡v Hcp e£w cq]m sImSp¡msa¶v Rm³ {]Jym ]n¨Xv. Fsâ {]kvXmh\ ]pd¯p h¶n«v hÀ j§Ä ]eXmbn. CXphsc B shÃphnfn kzo Icn¡m³ Hcp¯cpw apt¶m«ph¶n«nÃ. AXpsImv Ah IÅamsW¶v Rm³ IcpXpì. GsX¦nepw cmPtbmKntbm, _m_tbm Fsâ ]cntim[\bvçtijw Hcp AZvv`pXw ImWn¡ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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s«. AXn\v AhÀç Ignbp¶nsæn AhÀ shdpw kq{X¡mcmWv. tNmZyw: Hcp tbmKn iq\yXbnÂ\n¶v Fs´ ¦nepw krjvSn¨p Fì ]dªmÂ, ImWm³ ]mSnÃm¯ km[\§Ä iq\yXbn Dmbncp ì Fì a\knem¡n¡qsS? D¯cw: ImWmhp¶tXm ImWm³ ]mSnÃm ¯tXm Bb bmsXmìw CÃm¯ ØeamWv iq\yX. CÃmbvabnÂ\n¶v BÀçw Hìw \nÀ ½n¡phm³ km[yaÃ. A§s\ BÀs¡¦nepw Ign ªm ]ZmÀ°t¯bpw DuÀÖt¯bpw kw_Ôn¨pÅ FÃm \nba§fpw AÀ°iq \yamIpw. tNmZyw: Hcp tbmKn hn`qXntbm inhenwK tam hmbphnÂ\n¶v FSp¯p Fì ]dªm Ahsbms¡ At±lw hkv{X§Ä¡Snbn H fn¨ph¨ncpì F¶mtWm Xm¦Ä [cnç¶Xv? D¯cw: hkv{X§Ä¡Snbntem apSnbntem asähnsSsb¦neptam Hfn¨phbv¡m¯ bmsXm
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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ìw kmbn_m_bvt¡m atäsX¦nepw tbmKn t¡m FSp¡m³ km[yaÃ. tNmZyw: HcpIjWw lna¡« \ap¡v Ffp¸ ¯n shÅam¡n amämw. AXp]ns¶ ssl{U P\pw HmIvknP\pam¡n hnLSn¸n¡mw. Ah sb ]n¶oSv F\ÀPnbm¡n amämw. At¸mÄ sh Åw AhnsS kq£va¯n ØnXnsN¿p¶ntÃ? tbmKn Xsâ AXo{µnbiIvXnsImv, F\ÀPn bmç¶ Pe¯nsâ kq£vamhØbnÂ\n¶v ØqemhØbnepÅ Pes¯ \nÀ½n¨p Fì IcpXn¡qsS? A§s\ sNbvXmepw AXp ‘{Sn Iv’ BsW¶v Xm¦Ä ]dbptam? D¯cw: ssl{UP³ Bähpw HmIvknP³ B ähpw Pe¯nsâ kq£vamhØbmsWì ]d bp¶Xv icnbÃ. kmbn_m_bpsS icoc¯n ssl{UP³ BäapÅXpsImv ssl{UP³ Bä¯n kmbn_m_ kq£vacq]¯n Øn XnsN¿pì Fì ]dbp¶Xp _meniatÃ? ]d ¦n¸p®p]nSn¨ thiybnepw ssl{UP³ Bä apv. At¸mÄ kmbn_m_ B thiybn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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kq£vamhØbn ØnXnsN¿p¶p Fì Xm ¦Ä ]dbptam? CsXmìw imkv{Xobamb Imgv N¸mSÃ. Nne kÀdnbenkväpIÄçw k¦åc lnX·mÀçw tNÀ¶ `mh\bmWnsXms¡. tbmKnIÄ¡v ZnhyiIvXnsImv Bäs¯ F \ÀPnbm¡m\pw F\ÀPnsb ]ZmÀ°am¡n am äm\pw Ignbpambncps¶¦n C³Uy atäsXm cp temIcmjv{St¯bpwImÄ km¼¯nI`{ZX t\Spambncpì. ]WsNehp IqSmsX Atäman Iv F\ÀPnbpm¡m³ kmbn_m_bvç Ign bpsa¦n At±ls¯ AWpiIvXn I½oj³ sNbÀam\mbn \nbant¡XmWv. tImSn¡W ¡n\pcq]m apS¡n sslt{Um CeIv{SnIv t{]mP IväpIÄ \nÀ½nç¶Xn\p]Icw kmbn_m_ sbt¸mepÅ Ipsd tbmKnIsf Hmtcm ]hÀ kvtäj\nepw \nban¨m t]msc? tNmZyw: kXykmbn_m_ Hcp aW¯cn sbSp¯n«v AXns\ Hcp KoXm{KÙam¡n amän C³UymKh¬saânsâ {]Xntcm[hIp¸nsâ D ]tZjvSmhmb tUmIvSÀ `Kh´¯n\p sImSp ¯p. DSp¸n\Snbn Hfn¨ph¨ncp¶ KoXm {K `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Ùw FSp¯psImSpç¶Xp ImWm³ tUmIvSÀ `Kh´¯n\p IgnhnÃmbncpì F¶mtWm Xm ¦Ä ]dbp¶Xv? D¯cw: kmbn_m_bv¡v aW¯cn KoXm {KÙam¡n amäm³ IgnbpIbnsÃìÅXv XoÀ ¨bmWv. tUmIvSÀ `Kh´w AXv hnizknç ìs¦n AXp sXfnbn¨psImv At±lw Hcp {]_Ôw FgpXs«. imkv{XcwK¯p {]hÀ ¯nç¶ R§Äçw AXp ]co£n¨pt\m ¡matÃm. bmsXmcp sXfnhpw lmPcm¡m\n ÃmsX tUmIvSÀ `Kh´w CXp ]dªm At±lw imkv{XÚ³ F¶ t]cn\v AÀl\ ÃmXmbn¯ocpw. C³UybpsS {]Xntcm[hIp ¸n C¯cw Hcp AÔhnizmknsb h¨psIm ncnçì Fì tIÄç¶Xv AZv`pXamWv. tUmIvSÀ `Kh´¯n\v Kpcphmb kmbn_m_ sbs¡mv, Ignª bp²Ime¯v ]mIn Øm³ ]«mf¡mcpsS shSnbpIsf KoXm{K Ù§tfm, ]pjv]§tfm, tKmXt¼m B¡n amän¨pIqSmbncpt¶m? C³Uy³ ]«mfs¯ apgph³ ]ncn¨p hn«n«v {]Xntcm[¨paXe kmbn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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_m_sb Gån¡m³ F´psImmWv tUm IvSÀ `Kh´w D]tZin¡m¯Xv? kmbn_m_ ZnhyiIvXnsImv ssN\okv ]«mfs¯bpw ]m Iv ]«mfs¯bpw ]n³Xncn¸n¨ncps¶¦n A t\I tImSn cq]bpw e£¡W¡n\v hnes¸« Poh\pw \jvSs¸SmsX Ign¡mambncpì. tNmZyw: tUmIvSÀ `Kh´¯nsâ Ip«n¡v tcmKwh¶t¸mÄ ikv{X{InbçÅ km[\ §Ä hmbphnÂ\ns¶Sp¯psImSpç¶Xv tUm IvSÀ `Kh´w t\cn«pIXmWv. tUmIvSÀ `K h´¯nsâ Ip«n¡v tcmKapmbncp¶nsÃìw tcmKhpw Hm¸tdj\psaÃmw B Ip«nbpsS am bnI{`aw am{Xambncpìshìw Xm-¦Ä IcpXp ìtm? D¯cw: C¯cw b£n¡YIÄ Hìw Rm³ hnizknç¶nÃ. Hcp kwibw am{Xw Ahti jnçì. `kvawsImp tcmKw t`Zam¡m³ IgnhpÅ _m_ F´n\p ikv{X{Intbm]Ic W§Ä tXSn? Hm¸tdj³ sNbvXXv _m_bm tWm AtXm tUmIvSÀamcmtWm? hmbphn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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\n¶v \nÀ½n¨ D]IcW§Ä kvsädnssekv sNbvXmtWm D]tbmKn¨Xv? `Kh´¯nsâ Ip«n¡v F´mbncpì tcmKsaìw F´v Hm¸ tdj\mWv \S¯nbsXìw tNmZyIÀ¯mhp ] dbp¶nÃ. shdpw \ocp Iodp¶Xpw lrZb¯n sâ hmÂhv amdp¶Xpsams¡ Hm¸tdj\mWv. GXmbmepw Hcp Imcyw XoÀ¨bmWv. ]p«]À ¯nbn kz´ambn Hcp Bip]{Xn \S¯p ¶ kmbn_m_bv¡v ikv{X{Intbm]IcW§Ä hmbphnÂ\n¶v FSp¡msX Xs¶ Ffp¸ ¯n e`nçw. tNmZyw: Hcp tbmKn {SnçIÄ D]tbmKn¨v P\§sf ]änçì Fì t_m[ys¸«m AXp sXämsWì sXfnbnçI bpIvXnhmZnbpsS Np aXebtÃ? tbmKn, bpIvXnhmZnbpsS shÃphn fn kzoIcnçhm³ hnk½Xnç¶ ]£w bpIv XnhmZn¡v tbmKnbpsS ASp¯psN¶v B AZv`pX§sf¸än ]Tn¨pIqsS? D¯cw: C³Uybn \qdpIW¡n\v C¯cw X«n¸pImcpv. AhcpsS Htcmcp¯cptSbpw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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ASp¯pt]mbn ]Tn¡m³ XpS§nbm bpIvXn hmZnIÄ¡v AXn\pam{Xta kabw ImWpI bpÅq. Hcp P-\m[n]Xycmjv{Sw C¯cw X«n¸p Imsc Pbnen ASbvt¡XmWv. C{µnbmXo Xamb iIvXnsImv AhÀ ]pd¯ph¶m \ap¡v Ahsc AwKoIcn¡mw. tNmZyw: kmbn_m_bpamtbm, At±l¯n sâ injy·mcmb tUm. `Kh´w, NmÄkv s]³ (temkv B©ekv), Iym]vä³ Sn. _me IrjvW³, tUm. tamUn, tUm sI. `mkv¡c³ \mbÀ, taPÀ ]n.Fkv. tat\m³, ]n.sI. k\m Yv (almcmjv{Sma{´n), tUm.Fw. Fkv. _me IrjvWdmhp, Pkväokv hn. _meIrjvW³ G dmSn XpS§nb kmbninjy·mcpamtbm Xm¦Ä kwkmcn¨n«ptm? D¯cw: Xm¦fpsS enkvän- ImWp¶ {]Jym X·mcn Bsc¦neptam kmbn_m_ Xs¶ tbm Fsâ ]cntim[\bvç hnt[bamIm³ X bmdps¦n Ahsc Bscbpw Rm³ kµÀ in¡mw. Ignª A³]Xp hÀj§fmbn C{µn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bmXoXiIvXntbbpw a\pjya\knt\bpw ]än KthjWw \S¯ns¡mncnç¶ F\n¡v C ¯cw \nch[n ]Tn¨ a·mtcbpw X«n¸pIm tcbpw at\mtcmKnIsfbpw ImWm³ Ignªn «pv þ k\ymknamÀ, ltbmKnIÄ, ]pWy]pcp j·mÀ, ]ptcmlnX·mÀ, a{´hmZnIÄ XpS§n At\Iwt]sc. kmbn_m_sb kµÀin¨ ko t¡m hm¨v I¼\nbpsS amt\PnwKv UbdIvSÀ ¡v C\nbpw ]pd¯nd¡nbn«nÃm¯ AhcpsS hm¨v kmbn_m_ k½m\n¨psh¶v `Kh´w FgpXnbncp¶tÃm. Cu hm¨v \nÀ½mXmhnsâ hnemkw H¶b¨pXcWsa¶mhiys¸«psIm v Rm³ tUmIvSÀ `Kh´¯n\b¨ I¯pw ‘P\bpK’¯n {]kn²oIcn¨ncp¶tÃm. cp amkw Ignªn«pw `Kh´w adp]Sn Ab¡mXn cp¶Xns\¯pSÀ¶v {ioe¦bnse P¸m³ Fw_ kn apJm´ncw Rm³ At\zjWw Bcw`n¨p. kos¡m hm¨pI¼\nbpsS amt\PnwKv ]mÀSv WÀ BWv kmbn_m_sb kµÀin¨sX¶v ]d ªncp¶XpsImv Fw_kn DtZymKØ·mÀ ¡v s]s«ìXs¶ At±l¯nsâ hnemkw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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k¼mZn¨pXcm³ Ignªp. {]kn²amb ko s¡m hm¨pIÄ \nÀ½nç¶Xv sI. lt«mcn Bâv I¼\nbmWv. tjmPn lt«mcn BWv AXn sâ {]knUâv. tUmIvSÀ `Kh´¯nsâ teJ \¯n kos¡m hm¨p I¼\nbpsS amt\Pnw Kv ]mÀSv-WÀçmb A\p`h§sf¸än ]dbp ¶ `mKw D²cn¨psImv, Xmsgs¡mSpç¶ \mep tNmZy§Ä¡v D¯cw \ÂIWsa¶mh iys¸«psImv an. tjmPn lt«mcn¡v Rm³ FgpXn: “1. Xm¦tfm Xm¦fpsS I¼\nbpsS GsX ¦nepw ]¦pImtcm C³Uybnse kmbn_m_ sb Fs¶¦nepw kµÀin¨n«ptm? 2. kmbn_m_ hmbphnÂ\n¶v Hcp hm s¨Sp¯v Xm¦Ät¡m atäsX¦nepw ]mÀ«vWÀ t¡m \ÂInbn«ptm? 3. Xm¦fpsS tk^v Xpd¶v Hcp A]cnNn X³ hm¨psaSp¯psImv ]pd¯pt]mbnsb¶v ss{]häv sk{I«dn Xm¦tfmtSm atäsX¦nepw ]mÀ«vWÀamtcmtSm ]dªn«ptm? `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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4. Xm¦tfm Xm¦fpsS ]¦pImcn Bsc ¦neptam kmbn_m_m `IvXcmtWm? Cu I¯n\v an.lt«mcn Ab¨ adp]Sn Rm³ Xmsg D²cnçì. kmbn_m_bptSbpw tUm. `Kh´s¯t¸mepÅ At±l¯nsâ `IvX·m cptSbpw IÅ¡YIfn F{Xam{Xw bmYmÀ °yaps¶v a\knem¡m³ CXp klmbn çw.” SEIKO
Hattori & Co. Ltd., 5, Kyobashi 2- Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104. Established 1881 Cable: Hattori, Tokyo Phone: Tokyo 563-2111
{]nbs¸« tUmIvSÀ tImhqÀ, HIvtSm_À 30þmw XobXnbnse Xm¦fpsS I¯n\v \µn. {]IrXymXoXiIvXnIfpsì Å AhImihmZs¯ kw_Ôn¨v Xm¦Ä \S ¯p¶ imkv{XobKthjW¯n Rm³ A`n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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\µ\w tcJs¸Sp¯pì. ]t£, Xm¦fpsS I ¯n ]cmaÀinç¶ ankväÀ kmbn_m_ F¶ a\pjys\¸än Fs´¦nepw hnhcw Xì klmbn¡m³ Ignbp¶nÃ. F\nt¡m atäsX ¦nepw kväm^wK§Ät¡m Hcn¡epw Cu ]d bp¶ hyIvXnsb¸än Hcp AdnhpanÃ. Cu dn t¸mÀ«pIÄ ASnØm\clnXamsWìÅXv F \n¡v XoÀ¨bmWv. B kw`hs¯ kw_Ôn¨v Xm¦Ä D¶bn¨ \mep tNmZy§Äçw \ntj [mXvamIambnt« F\nç¯cw ]dbm³ Ign bpw. Sincerely yours, K. Hattori & Co. Ltd. (Sd/-) Shoji Hattori, President.
tjmPn lt«mcnbpsS Cu I¯p In«nb DSs\Xs¶ Rm³ AXnsâ tIm¸nsbSp¯v Hcp I¯pklnXw tUmIvSÀ `Kh´¯n\v Ab¨psImSp¯p. AXn\pw tUmIvSÀ `Kh´ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¯nsâ adp]SnbnÃ. Ct±lw imkv{XÚt\m, kmbn_m_bpsS GPtâm F¶v hmb\¡mÀ Xs¶ Xocpam\nçI.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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11 ]cnasse kzmanIÄ Z£ntW´ybnse {]kn²\mb asämcp `Khm \mWv {ioþemþ{io ]cnasse kzmanIÄ. t_mws_bnÂ\nì ]pds¸Sp¶ ‘`mcXv tPym Xn’ F¶ ]{X¯n At±ls¯¸än h¶ G Xm\pw teJ\§Ä bpIvXnhmZnbmb hn.F. tat\m³ F\n¡b¨pXcnIbpmbn. B ]{X ¯nsâ ]{Xm[n]kanXnbn AwKamb F._n. \mbcmWv Hcp teJ\IÀ¯mhv. ‘AhnkvacWobamb Nne A\p`h§Ä’ F¶mWv B te J\¯nsâ Xes¡«v. ‘BXvaob iIvXnbpsS A\p`h§Ä’ F¶ t]cn kn.sI. \mcmbW kzman FgpXnbXmWv asämcp teJ\w. aq¶ma s¯ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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teJ\IÀ¯mhv Hcp hma\dmhp BWv. ‘imkv{Xw FhnsS ]cmPbs¸Spì?’ F¶mWv B teJ\¯nsâ ioÀjIw. Ahnizk\ob §fpw Akw`hy§fpamb \nch[n IYIÄ B teJ\§fn IXp sImv Rm³ Xmsg s¡mSpç¶ Xpd¶ I¯v ]{Xm[n]À F._n. \mbÀ¡v Ab¨p: “{]nb \mbÀ, {ioþemþ{io ]cnasse kzmanIsf¸än Xm ¦Ä ‘`mcXv tPymXn’bn FgpXnbncp¶ teJ \w Rm³ k{i²w hmbn¨p. Xm¦fpsSbpw hmb\¡mcpsSbpw ]cntim[\bvçw Nn´bv çw thn Rm³ Abç¶ Cu hnaÀi\w kZbw {]kn²oIcn¡Wsaì Xmåcys¸Spì. teJ\§fnse Nne {]kvXmh\Ifpw Ahbv çÅ Fsâ hnaÀi\çdn¸pw {Iaambn Xmsg sImSpçì. 1. ‘t]cpw ]Whpw t\Sp¶Xn\pthn BfpIfpsS IuXpImkIvXn DuXnhoÀ¸nç¶ am{´nIhnZyItfbpw a\pjysc {]_p²cm¡m `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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t\m BXvaobXbnteç \bn¡mt\m thn ssZhnIiIvXnbpÅhÀ \S¯p¶ AZv`pX§ tfbpw thÀXncn¨p ImtWXmWv.’ Rm³ C¡mcy¯n Xm¦tfmSp tbmPnç ì. AZv`pX§tfbpw amPnçItfbpw thÀXn cn¨dnbp¶Xn\v ]cntim[\bÃmsX asämcp amÀKhpansÃì Xm¦Ä k½Xnçtam? 2. ‘hnizmkw imkv{Xobamb sXfnhp-Ifn eÃ, hnizmk¯n Xs¶bmWv ASnØm\an«n cnç¶Xv. AXp bpIvXnhnNmcs¯ shÃp¶p.’ hnizmkw bpIvXnhnNmcs¯ shÃps¶¦n AXp kXyt¯bpw adnIS¡WatÃm. AbYmÀ °ambXnepÅ hnizmkw AÔhnizmkatÃ? 3. ‘\½psS ]pWy`qan k\ymknamcpsS bpw tbmKnamcpsSbpw XpSÀ¨sImv A\pKr loXamWv. lnµpØm\nse Cu Znhy]pcpj ·mcpw AXnam\pjcpwIqSn Cu \mSns\ A t§mfant§mfw ]hn{XoIcn¨n«pv. Cu ssZ hnIa\pjyÀ GsX¦nepsamcp {]tXyI Ime L«¯n am{Xw HXp§n\nÂç¶hcÃ. Ah `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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cpsS XpSÀ¨bmb Hcp ]c¼cXs¶ DÅXmbn \apç ImWmw. Ct¸mÄt]mepw A¯c¯n s]« e£¡W¡n\v ssZha\pjyÀ \½psS hnip²`qanbn hknçìv... `IvXnbnÃm¯ htcbpw A]Yk©mcnItfbpw ssZhamÀK ¯nteç Xncn¨p hnSp¶Xn\pthn Ahcn NneÀ CSbv¡nSbv¡v Znhy kn²nIÄ \apç ImWn¨pXcmdpap.v’ AZv`pX§Ä ImWn¡m³ IgnhpÅ AXnam \pjÀ lnµp aX¯n am{Xta Dmbncpì Åq Ft¶m Ct¸mÄ DÅq Ft¶m IcpXp¶Xv bpIvXnlo\amWv. Hcp {InkvXy³ IpSpw_ ¯n P\nçIbpw hfcpIbpw sNbvXXpsIm v ss__nfn ImWp¶ AZv`pXIYIÄ kXyamsW¶v sNdp¸¯n- Rm³ hnizkn ¨ncpì. {Inkvakv cm{Xnbn k½m\§fpambn km´mt¢mkv Fsâ InS¸dbn hcpsa¶v in iphmbncp¶ Ime¯v Rm³ ZrVambn hniz kn¨p. B hnizmkw Cìw Rm³ h¨p ]peÀ ¯nbncps¶¦n Hcp hnUvVnbmbn Xm¦Ä Fs¶ IW¡mçambncpì. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bYmÀ°¯n temI¯n Fs´¦nepw A Zv`pX§Ä \Sçìtm? {]]©¯n \Sç ¶sXÃmw {]IrXnklPamWv; {]IrXymXoXa Ã. a\pjy\v Cìhsc hniZoIcWw sImSp ¡m³ Ignbm¯ kw`h§Ä ImWpw. Ahsb AZv`pX§Ä F¶v \½Ä hymJym\nçIbmWv ]Xnhv. C¶es¯ AZv`pX§Ä ]eXpw C¶v AZv`pX§fÃmXmbn¡gnªp. C¶s¯ AZv`p X§sfÃmw \mfs¯ AZv`pX§fÃmXmhpI bpw sN¿pw. \ap¡v imkv{Xobamb hniZoI cWw \ÂIm³ Ignbm¯ Imcy§Ä¡v Aim kv{Xobamb hniZoIcWw \Âç¶Xv icnb Ã. ssZhtam, ssZhnIiIvXnbpsì IcpX s¸«ncp¶htcm sNbvX AZv`pX{]hÀ¯\§ fpsS IYsImp \ndªXmWv FÃm aX{KÙ §fpw. Ignªpt]mb Imes¯ IYIfmbXp sImv AhbpsS bmYmÀ°yw ]cntim[n¨dn bm³ \apç \nhr¯nbnÃmXmbncnçì. F ¶m C¡me¯v AZv`pX{]hr¯nIÄ sN¿p ¶hcps¦n AXnsâ bmYmÀ°yw ]cntim [n¨dntbXmWv. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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4. ‘\ap¡v a\knem¡m\mhm¯Xns\ \ntj[nçIbÃ, hW§pIbmWp thXv. X §fpsS B´cnIiIvXn AYhm kn²nsImv Akm[yambXns\ km[n¡m³ IgnhpÅ ssZ hnI a\pjyÀ \½psSbnSbnepv.’ \ap¡v Akm[yamb Imcy§Ä sN¿p¶h scsbms¡ \mw hW§Wsaìtm? C³Uy bnse {]ikvX amPnçImc\mb s{]m^kÀ `mKy\mYv \½n ]eÀçw sN¿m³ Ignbm¯ AZv`pXhnZyIÄ ImWnçw. B Iebn \ap ¡p {]mhoWyanÃm¯XpsImv At±ls¯ hW§Wsaì]dbp¶Xv icnbmtWm? ssZhn Ia\pjysc¶v Adnbs¸Sp¶hcn Bsc¦n epw sN¿pìshì ]dbs¸Sp¶ AZv`pXw F Ãm imkv{Xob bmYmÀ°y§Äçw FXncm sW¶v sXfnbn¡s¸«m A¯csamcmsf BZ cnç¶Xn sXänÃ. A¯cw L«§Ä Dm bm bpIvXn hnizmk¯n\p hgnamdns¡mSp ¯p Fìhcmw. t\scadn¨v, AZv`pXsa¶ t] cn HcmÄ sN¿p¶ {]hr¯n At\zjW ¯n shdpw Ir{XnaamsWì sXfnªm `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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A¯c¡msc BZcnçIbÃ, AhcpsS IÅ ¯cw XpdìImWnçIbmWp thXv. 5. ‘F\nçw Fsâ kvt\lnX³ Fkv. cm aIrjvW\pw ASp¯ kab¯v a{ZmknÂh¨p mb Akm[mcWamb Nne A\p`h§Ä R §fpsS {]nbs¸« hmb\¡mtcmSv ]dbp¶ Xn F\nç Xmåcyapv.’ {ioþemþ{io ]cnasse kzmanIÄ Xm¦fp tSbpw kvt\lnXtâbpw ap³]n sNbvX \nc h[n AZv`pX§fpsS enkväv teJ\¯n sIm Sp¯n«ptÃm. ]t£, AXn H¶nsâsb¦n epw bmYmÀ°yw Xm¦tfm kvt\lnXt\m ]cn tim[n¨dnªXmbn AXn ]dbp¶nÃ. ]cn tim[\ IqSmsX \n§Ä B IYIÄ _lpP\ §Ä hmbn¡m\pw hnizkn¡m\pw thn {] kn²oIcn¨p. CXv D¯chmZnXzapÅ Hcp ]{X {]hÀ¯I\p tNÀ¶XÃ. Hcp hkvXphns\ AXnsâ X\ncq]¯n ZÀ in¡m³ Ignbm¯hÀ am\knItcmKnIfmWv. C¯cw tcmKw _m[n¨ HcmÄ Hcp cmjv{Ss¯ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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\bn¨m B cmjv{Shpw am\knItcmK¯n\ Sns¸Spw. \½ptSXpt]mepÅ tcmKw aäpÅhÀ çw Dsì]dªv kt´mjnç¶Xn ImcyanÃXm\pw. ]cntim[\IqSmsX AÔambn Fs´¦nepw hnizknç¶Xv aSb¯camsW¶ Imcy¯n Xm¦Ä Ft¶mSp tbmPnçsaì IcpXpì. A §s\sb¦n kn²s\t¶m, k\ymknsbt¶m AhImis¸Sp¶ hyIvXnIÄ sN¿p¶ AZv`pX IrXy§fpw ]cntim[\mhnt[bamt¡XtÃ? ]cnasse kzmanIÄ sNbvXp F¶v Xm¦Ä ]dbp¶ FÃm AZv`pX§fpw km[mcW GXp aq¶mwInS amPnçImÀçw sN¿m³ Ignbp¶ XmWv. kzmanIÄ AXp sNbvXXv, ZnhyiIvXn sImmtWm, amPnIv kq{X§ÄsImmtWm F¶v \ap¡dntbnbncnçì. AXn\v I_fn ¸n¡m³ Ignbm¯ ]cntim[\ IqSntb Ign bq. {]IrXymXoXsa¶p ]dbp¶ FÃm {]Xn`m k§sf¸änbpw Ignª Ac \qämpIme¯n \pÅn Rm³ KthjWw \S¯pIbpmbn. F¶n«v CXphsc {]IrXymXoXamb Hcp iIvXn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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tbtbm {]IrXymXoX {]hÀ¯-\§Ä \S¯p ¶ hyIvXntbtbm Ip]nSn¡m³ Ignªn«n Ã. shdpw am\knItcmKnItfm ip² X«n¸pIm tcm am{Xambncpì C¯cw Hmtcm kw`h§ fptSbpw ]n¶n- {]hÀ¯n¨psImncp¶Xv. AXpsImv Rm³ Hcp ]co£W¯n\v ]cnasse kzmanIsf shÃphnfnçì. At± l¯nsâ icochpw hkv{X§fpw Rm³ hyIv Xambn ]cntim[n¨Xn\ptijw hn`qXntbm iÀ ¡cbptbm atäsX¦nepw km[\§tfm C ÃmbvabnÂ\n¶v Dm¡n¯cmtam? Ahnizm knIsf c£n¡m\pw hnizkn¸n¡m\pw thn bmWv At±lw AZv`pX§Ä sN¿p¶sX¦n XoÀ¨bmbpw Fsâ ]co£W¯n\v At±lw hnt[b\mtIXmWv. Rm³ icocw ]cntim[n ç¶Xv At±l¯n\njvSasæn asämcp ]co £W¯n\v At±lw Xbmdmbm aXn. Rm³ Hcp cp cq] t\mt«m A©pcq]m t\mt«m ImWn¡mw. AtX \¼dpÅ A¯cw Hcpt\m«v ZnhyiIvXnsImv At±lw Dm¡n ImWn ¨m aXn. AXv At±lw sNbvXm bpIvXn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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hmZw Dt]£n¨v kzmanbpsS injy\mImw. kzm anIÄ Cu ]co£W¯n\p XbmdmIp¶]£w AXn\pthn Rm³ At±l¯nsâ XmakØ e¯p sNÃm\pw XbmdmWv. Fs´¦nepw HgnI gnhp]dªv Cu ]co£W¯n\v At±lw Xbm dmImXncnçItbm, au\w Zo£n¨v AhKWn çItbm sNbvXm At±lw Hcp X«n¸pImc \msW¶v R§Ä [cn¨m sXänÃtÃm. F¶v, kXymt\zjnbmb, F{_lmw Sn. tImhqÀ. (H¸v)” ‘`mcXv tPymXn’]{Xm[n]À¡v I¯b¨ Znh kwXs¶ Rm³ ]cnasse kzmanIÄçw Hcp I¯b¨p. AXn{]ImcamWv: “{]nb kzmanIÄ, “kn²nIÄsImv AZv`pXIcambn ]eXpw CÃmbvabnÂ\n¶v Dmç¶Xn\v IgnhpÅ Hcp hyIvXnbmWv Xm¦Ä F¶v ‘`mcXv tPym Xn’bn h¶ Nne teJ\§fn Rm³ hmbn çIbpmbn. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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“{]IrXymXoXiIvXnIsf¸än KthjWw \S ¯p¶ HcmÄ F¶ \nebn Xm¦fpsS Ignhp Isf¸än ]Tnç¶Xn\v F\ns¡mcp Ahkcw \ÂIWsa¶v At]£nçì. “Xm¦fpsS hkv{X§fpw icochpw Rm³ hy IvXambn ]cntim[n¨Xn\ptijw Fs´¦nepw hkvXp AZv`pXiIvXnIfp]tbmKn¨v Dm¡m sa¦n Hcp Znhy]pcpj³ F¶ \nebn Xm¦ sf Rm³ ]qPn¡m³ k¶²\mWv. AXn\p ]pdsa 25,000 cq] ImWn¡ AÀ¸nçIbpw sN¿mw. “Znhy·mcpsS ]cnthjaWnªp \Sç¶ ]e X«n¸pImcpw kaql¯nepsìw Ahcp sS kq{X§fn £Whnizmkioecmb km[m cW¡mcpw hnZymk¼¶cpw s]«pt]mbn«ps ìw Hcp]t£, Xm¦fpw k½Xnçsa¶p Rm³ IcpXpì. AXpsImv C¯cw IYIÄ Bsc ¸än tI«mepw ]cntim[n¨v kXyw a\knem ¡m³ Rm³ {ian¡mdpv. aäpÅhÀ¡v {] tbmP\s¸Sp¶Xn\pw kXyw ]pd¯psImph `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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cp¶Xn\pw thn Rm³ \S¯p¶ Cu {ia ¯n Xm¦Ä klIcnçsa¶v hnizknçì. “Xm-¦fpsS icocw Rm³ ]cntim[nç¶ Xn Fs´¦nepw hnjaaps¦n AXp th sìh¨v ]Icw asämcp ]co£Ww \S¯m \pw Rm³ XbmdmWv. Rm³ ImWnç¶ Hcp sNdnb Id³kn t\m«nsâ AtX amXrIbn Xs¶ asäm¶v Dm¡n¯¶mepw Xm¦fpsS kn²nbn Rm³ hnizkn¡mw. “Fs´¦nepw apS´³\ymbw ]d-ªv Xm¦Ä Cu ]co£W¯nÂ\nì amdpItbm au\w Zo £nçItbm sNbvXm ]p«]À¯nbnse km bn_m_sbt¸mse Hcp X«n¸pImc\mWv Xm¦ fpsa¶ Xocpam\¯n F\n¡v Ft¯n hcpw. adp]Sn {]Xo£n¨psImv, F{_lmw Sn. tImhqÀ (H¸v)”
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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C¯c¯nÂs]« Hcp I¯v hma\dmhp dm tWbvçw Rm³ Ab¨p. H¶n\pw CXphsc adp]Sn In«nbn«nÃ. 1976 Ahkm\w ]cnasse kzmanIÄ Z£n Wm{^n¡ DÄs¸sSbpÅ hntZicmPy§fn kµÀi\w \S¯n Xncns¨¯n. CXn\nSbn F Ivsskkv DtZymKØ·mÀ At±l¯nsâ hk Xn ]cntim[n¨p. IW¡nÂs¡mÅn¡m¯ e £¡W¡n\p cq]bpw B`cW§fpw h{P§ fpw aäpw AhÀ IsSp¯p. Un³UnK kz tZinbmb ‘{_lvaNmcn’ Bb Cu kzmanIÄ ¡v `mcybpw a¡fpsaÃmaps¶v ]n¶oSv sXfn ªp.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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12 Hcp kntem¬ `Khm³ aXhnizmknIÄ `Khm·mtcbpw `KhXnamsc bpw Dmç¶ coXn hnNn{XamWv. AXnsâ A]lmkyX hyIvXamç¶ Nne ]{Xdnt¸mÀ«p IfmWv Xmsg tNÀç¶Xv: “cmakzman\mbv¡sct¸mse F{_lmw Sn. tImhqcpw ssZh¯nsâ Hcp AhXmcamWv’sk]väw_À 14þmw XobXn sNmÆmgvN sImà ¸nSnbbnse knÔn skâdnÂh¨p \S¯s¸« Hcp `P\ aoänwKnÂh¨v kzman im´m\µ³ bp IvXnhmZs¯ kw_Ôn¨pÅ Nne tNmZy §Ä¡v adp]Sn ]dbp¶Xn\nSbn hyIvXam ¡nbXmWnXv. At±lw XpSÀì: ‘Rm³ tIm hqcns\ Cìhsc In«nÃ. F¦nepw Hcp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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kXymt\zjnbmbXpsImv At±lw ZrVambn aX¯n hnizknç¶bmfmWv. \½psS km [mcW ho£W¯n At±lw aXhnizmkn bsÃì tXm¶mw. ]t£, AÔhnizmk§sf \nÀ½mÀP\w sN¿p¶Xn\v At±lw sN¿p¶ tkh\w hnes¸«XmWv.” (kntem¬ H_vkÀ hÀ, 22þ9þ1971) “P·\mXs¶ Hcp bpIvXnhmZnsbì \n§Ä ]dbp¶ tImhqÀ Hcp AhXmcamsW¶v Hcn ¡Â¡qSn Rm³ hyIvXam¡mw. ASnØm\c lnX§fmb \nch[n AÔhnizmk§fpsS aq SÂaªnÂ\nìw P\§sf ]pd¯psImph ¶v kXy¯nsâ PmÖzey {]Imi¯nteç \bn¨Xv Dd¨ hnizmkw sImmWv. Cu AÀ°¯nemWv kzmanIÄ tImhqÀ AhXmc amsWì ]dªXv. tImhqÀ At±l¯nsâ kz´amb Nne amÀK§Ä D]tbmKn¨v AÔ hnizmk§sf D¨mS\w sN¿m³ {ian¨psIm ncnçì. AXpsImpXs¶ At±lw aX ¯n\v henb tkh\amWv \ÂIp¶Xv.” (Hcp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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I«mcKa`IvX³þ‘kntem¬ H_vkÀhÀ’ ]{X ¯nÂ) “aX]camb AÔhnizmk§sf¸än kwkm cnç¶Xn\nSbnemWv kzman im´m\µ³ an kväÀ tImhqcns\¸än ]cmaÀin¨Xv. ssZhw, acWm\´c PohnXw XpS§nbhsb FÃmw \ntj[nç¶bmfmWv tImhqsc¶v At±lw tI«n«pv. kwibw Úm\¯nsâ Bcw`am sW¶ At±l¯nsâ kn²m´¯nsâ ASn Øm\¯n Nn´nç¶XpsImmWv At±lw ChsbÃmw \ntj[n-ç¶sX¶v kzmanIÄ ]d ªp. At±lw XpSÀì: ‘FÃm Znhkhpw an kväÀ tImhqcnsâ {]iv\w Fsâ ASp¯p hcpìv. AXpsImpXs¶ A¡mcyw NÀ¨ sN¿m³ Rm³ Xåc\Ã. Rm\t±lt¯mSv kwkmcn¨n«nsænepw At±lw Hcp \à a\p jy\msWì Rm³ IcpXpì. Hcp Imcy¯n F\n¡v XoÀ¨bpv. \n§Ä IcpXp¶ hn[ ¯nesænepw At±lw Hcp \à aX`IvX\m Wv. At±l¯nsâ BXvamhn Hcp {]_p²X \apç ImWm³ Ignbpw. A¯cw {]_p²X `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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aX¯ntâXmWv. aX¯nsâ t]cn {]Ncnç ¶ hnUvVn¯§Ä Ahkm\n¸n¡m³ C¯cw {]hÀ¯\§Ä BhiyamWv. tImhqcnsâ Cu ASn \n§Äç sImÅpìv. AXv \n§Ä AÀlnç¶XmWv. At\zjW¯n\pÅ hy{KX At±l¯n\pv. AXpsImmWv At±lw tNmZy§Ä tNmZnç¶Xv. sXsäì tXmì¶Xv B a\pjy³ Xpdì]dbpì. Cu \nebn t\mçt¼mÄ kntemWnse P\§Ä¡v At± lw henb tkh\amWv sN¿p¶Xv. bpIvXn t_m[apÅ PohnIsf¶ \nebn A_²§Ä FhnsS¡mepw \ap¡Xp Nqn¡mWn¡mw. aX¯nse AÔhnizmk§Ä Xpdì ImWnç ¶ B BXvamhv ]qÀWambpw {]_p²X t\ Spw.” (FÂ. cXv\m\µw ‘kntem¬ H_vkÀh dn’ FgpXnb teJ\¯nÂ\n¶v) “C.hn.BÀ. s]cnbmÀ ssZh¯nsâ Hcp Ah XmcamWv. AXp t]mseXs¶ P\§fpsS A ÚX amän Ahsc {]_p²cmç¶Xn\p thn Znhyshfn¨hpambn ssZhw Ab¨bm fmWv F{_lmw Sn. tImhqÀ. `Khm³ kmbn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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_m_ Hcp¯sct¸mepw No¯amÀK¯nteç \bn¨n«nÃ. ‘Xn\Ic\v’ \ÂInb Hcp {]tXyI A`napJkw`mjW¯nemWv kzman im´m\ µ³ C§s\ A`n{]mbs¸«Xv.” (‘Xn\Ic³ hc aRvPcn’) “cmakzman\mbv¡tcbpw kXykmbn_m_ tbbpwt]mse F{_lmw Sn. tImhqcpw ssZh ¯nsâ Hcp AhXmcamsW¶v EjntIinse kzman im´m\µ³ ]{X§Äç \ÂInb Hcp A`napJkw`mjW¯n hyIvXam¡nbncnç ì. bpIvXnhmZnbmb tImhqcn\v CtX¸än F ´p ]dbm\ps¶v AdnªmÂsImÅmw.” (F. cma\mY³ ‘kntem¬ H_vkÀhÀ’ ]{X ¯nsegpXnb teJ\¯n \n¶v) kzman im´m\µsâ A_²k¼qÀWamb Cu {]kwK§fpw ]{X {]kvXmh\Ifpw F\n ¡v ]e _p²nap«pIfpw Dm¡n. hÀKobhmZn Ifpw aXshdnbpÅhcpw km[mcWKXnbn F¶nÂ\n¶v AI¶mWv Ignªncp¶Xv. AhÀ CtX¯pSÀ¶v Fsâ Npäpw IqSm³ XpS§n. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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NneÀ Cu ]pXnb `Khms\ ImWm³ ‘ZÀi \’§fpambn hs¶¯n. EjntIin-Â\nìh¶ Cu k\ymknbpsS {]kvXmh\Isf JÞn¨p sImv DSs\Xs¶ ]{X§Ä¡v Xmsgs¡mSp ç¶ {]kvXmh\ Rm³ Ab¨p: ‘C³Uy³ ankvänçIfpsS ]pWy`qan F¶ dnbs¸Sp¶ EjntIin \nìh¶ im´m\µ kzmanIÄ, tImhqÀ Hcp AhXmcamsWìw ZrVamb aXhnizmkw DÅbmfmsWìw {]kv Xmhn¨p Ip. {]kn² \ncoizchmZnbmb C.hn. cmakzman\mbv¡tcbpw Ct±lw AhXm cam¡nbncnçì. “bpIvXnhmZnIfpsS tNmZy§Äç adp]Sn ]dbm³ Ignbm¯XpsImmWv kzman Cu XInSwadn¨n \S¯p¶Xv. Rm³ Hcp Ah kchmZnbmbncpìsh¦n kzmanbpsS Cu {] kvXmh\bpsS ad]nSn¨v F\nçw Hcp Ah Xmcambn amdmambncpì. AXn\p Rm³ Xbm dmbm Bbnc¡W¡n\mfpIÄ Fs¶ Bcm [nçhm³ apt¶m«phcpambncpì. ]t£, Hcp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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AhXmcthjsaSp¯v ]cm¶t`mPnbmbn Ign bm³ Hcp bpIvXnhmZn¡vþ kzX{´Nn´I\vþ IgnbpIbnÃ. “B `P\kt½f\¯ntem {]kv tIm¬^ d³kntem ]s¦Sp¯hcn Hcp¯Àçt]mepw GXv ASnØm\¯nemWv tImhqÀ AhXmcam sWì ]dbp¶sXì tNmZnçhm³ tXm¶nbn Ã. “kzman ]dªXv bmYmÀ°¯n At±lw hnizknçìs¦n AXv At§bäw hnUv Vn¯amsW¶v ]dbmXncn¡m³ \nhr¯nbnÃ. AhXmcw, ssZhw, AZv`pX§Ä XpS§nbh sbms¡ Aimkv{Xobamb k¦å§fmsW¶v Rm³ IcpXpì. A§s\ IcpXp¶ Hcmsf AhXmcam¡n Nn{XoIcnç¶Xv Zpcpt±yi]c amWv. aX¯nÂ\nìw [mcmfamfpIÄ hn«pt]m IpIbpw bpIvXnhmZNn´mKXn hfÀìhcnI bpw sN¿p¶XpI kzman Hcp X{´w {]tbm Kn¨p Fìam{Xw. C³Uy³ k\ymknamÀ
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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C¯cw X{´§Ä D]tbmKn¨mWv ]e kzX {´ Nn´m{]Øm\§tfbpw XIÀ¯n«pÅXv. “kzmanbpsS Im]Syw \ndª Cu {]kvXm h\sb XpSÀ¶v Nne ]mh§Ä Cu ]pXnb `Khms\ ZÀinçhm³ AÀ¨\m{Zhy§fpam bn hcnIbpmbn. ssZh¯ntem aX¯ntem kzmanamcntem A¨À\bntem {]mÀ°\bntem Hìw ehteiw hnizmkanÃm¯ Hcp \ncoizc hmZnbmWv Rm³ F¶ hnhcw hyIvXambpw {]kvXmhn¨psImÅs«.”
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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13 bqdn sKÃÀ C³Uybnse kmbn_m_sbt¸msetbm AXn e[nItam Adnbs¸Sp¶ Hcp amPnçImc\mWv C{ktb¡mc\mb bqdnsKÃÀ. ]mivNmXycm Py§fn ]etcbpw At±lw AZv`pX]cX{´ cm¡nbn«pv. ZnhyiIvXnbpÅ I®pIÄsIm p t\m¡n sKÃÀ teml¯InSpIÄ hfbvç saìw HSnª teml¡jW§Ä shÂUpsN ¿psaìw ]ecpw hnizknçì. {_n«\nÂh¨v Hcn¡Â At±lw sSenhnj\n {]Xy£s¸« t¸mÄ t{]£IcpsSbnSbn AZv`pX§Ä \S ì F¶mWv dnt¸mÀ«v. NnecpsS tISph¶ hm¨pIÄ Xmt\ {]hÀ¯n¨p XpS§nsbìw DcpçI¼nIÄ hfªpshìw ]ecpw _n. _n. kn. bnte¡p t^m¬sNbvXdnbn¨phs{X. s]m«n¡m¯ IqSpIfn Ccnç¶ ^nenan `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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sKÃdpsS ]S§Ä sXfnªp Fìw ]dbs¸Sp ì. Cu {]NcWtImemle§Ä tI«v Nne Ahn izmknIÄt]mepw A¼cìt]mbn. InwKvkv tImtfPnse s{]m^kÀ tPm¬ sSbneÀ ]d ªp: “bqdnsKÃdpsS IgnhpIÄ AZv`pXIcam Wv. At±lhpambn klIcn¨m a\pjya\ kns\ kw_Ônç¶ ]e \nKqVclky§ fpw ]pd¯psImphcm³ \apç Ignbpw.” ZnhyiIvXnIÄ Ds¶v AhImis¸Sp¶ sKÃdns\¸än {]NcWw \S¯p¶Xv \yqtbmÀ ¡pImc\mb B³{UnPm ]plmdnIv BWv. A t±lw ssZh¯nsâ AhXmc§sf¸än A[nIw tI«ncn¡m\nSbnÃ. tI«ncpìsh¦n ‘[À½ kwØm]\mÀ°w’ AhXcn¨ Hcp `Khm\mWv sKÃÀ Fì ]dbpambncpì. C³Uybnse km bn_m_mbpsS sk{I«dnbmb s{]m^kÀ Ikv Xqcn F¶ kaÀ°\mb aebmfn¡v B sslµ hk¦åw Adnbmambncp¶XpsImv amPnç Imc\mb _m_msb At±lw AhXmcambn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Nn{XoIcn¨p. ]plmdnIv BIs« C{µnbmXoX amb iIvXnIfpÅ Hcp AZv`pXa\pjy\mbn sKÃsd Nn{XoIcnçIbmWpmbXv. IkvXqcn bpw ]plmcnçw Hcp Imcy¯n tbmPnçw; _m_tbbpw sKÃdnt\bpw t]mepÅhsc D] tbmKn¨v ]Wapmç¶ Imcy¯nÂ. kmbn_m_sb¸än IkvXqcnbpw tUmIvSÀ `Kh´hpw {]Ncn¸nç¶ IYIfpw sKÃsd¸än ]plmdnçw {]Ncn¸n¡mdpv. km³{^m³kn kvt¡mbnse ‘ssk¡nIv’ amknIbv¡v \ÂIn b Hcp A`napJkw`mjW¯n ]plmdnIv ]d ª Hcp IY ckIcamWv. Hcn¡Â sKÃdpw ]plmdnçwIqSn Hcp acp`qanbn t]mbn. Ahn sS XfnIbpsS cq]¯n Hcp temlhkvXp InSç¶Xp Ip. AXnsâ apIfn Hcp \oe shfn¨w {]Iminçìmbncpì. sKÃÀ DS s\ B {]Imi¯n ebn¨p. ]¯pan\näpIgn ªv ]gb]Sn cq]w t\SpIbpw sNbvXp. Cu AZv`pX {]Xn`mk¯nsâ Nn{Xw ]plmdnIv F Sp¯p. ]t£, F§s\tbm B s\Käohv \jv Ss¸«pt]mbt{X! asämchkc¯n Iymad `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bpsS apJwaqSn Xpd¡msX Xs¶ ]plmdnIv sKÃdnsâ Hcp Nn{XsaSp¯t¸mÄ sXfnªp shìw At±lw XpSÀì ]dªp. sKÃdnsâ a\kn \nìw {]hlnç¶ XcwK§ÄsIm mWv cq]w Iymadbv¡I¯ncp¶ ^nenan ]XnªsX¶mWv At±l¯nsâ AhImi hmZw. £Whnizmkioesc sXäp[cn¸nçhm³ C ¯cw IYIÄ¡v Ignbpw. ]t£, Nn´nç¶ a\pjy\v CXn Hcp Ig¼pw ImWm³ \nhr ¯nbnÃ. acp`qanbnÂh¨v {]Imiambn amdnb sKÃsd ]plmdnIv AÃmsX Bcpw InÃ. AXnsâ Nn{Xhpw \jvSs¸«p. Ct¸mÄ AXp ImWn¡m³ sKÃÀ XbmdpanÃ! t]msc? IqSn\ It¯m Iymadbv¡It¯m Ccnç¶ ^nenan sKÃdpsS Omb ]Xnbpsa¦n B a\pjy³ Pohn¨ncnç¶ Imet¯mfw t^mt«m{K^n A ]IS¯nemhpatÃm. At±l¯nsâ cq]hpw Nn´bpw ]Xnªv ^nensaÃmw D]tbmKiq\y amIpw. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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aäp a\pjycpsSsbÃmw Nn´mKXnIfpw hn NmchnImc§fpw Adnbm³ Ignbp¶ bqdn sK ÃÀ Pohn¨ncnçt¼mÄ AXns\m¶n\pw Ignhn Ãm¯ tamsj Zbms\ C{kmtb¡mÀ {]Xn tcm[ hIp¸pa{´nbm¡nbsX´msW¶mWv F sâ kwibw. Ignª CuPn]vXvþC{kmtb bp²¯n Ad_nIÄ¡v Hcp ]cn[nhsc Pbn ¡m³ IgnªphtÃm. sKÃÀ hnNmcn¨ncps¶ ¦n kmZ¯ntâtbm kndnb³ ]«mf¯ntâ tbm \o¡§Ä ap³Iq«n Iv AX\pkcn¨v ssk\y\o¡w \S¯mambncpì. Asæn A d_n ssk\y§fpsS a\kn t{]cW sNep ¯n bp²¯nÂ\n¶v Ahsc ]n´ncn¸n¡mam bncpì. tKmÄUm sabdn\v GXmbmepw Cu _p²n tXm¶m¯Xv IjvSambnt¸mbn. ZnhyiIvXn AhImis¸Sp¶hÀ ]eXpw km [mcW¡msc ]änç¶Xn\pthn C¯cw ]e IÅ¡YIfpw ]dbmdpv. ssIhncÂsImv X\nç ImWm³ Ignbpsa¶v Hcp djy³ IÀj I³ Hcn¡Â AhImis¸SpIbpmbn. Iptd ¡gnªt¸mÄ AbmfpsS IÅ¡Y s]mfn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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ªp. GXm\pw hÀj§Äçap¼v, Hcp C³ tUmt\jy³ bphXn ]dªp, AhcpsS KÀ` ]m{X¯n InSç¶ inip AhnsSh¨v JpÀ B³ sNmÃpìs¶v. A©mdp amkt¯mfw temI¯nse ]e hnizmknIfpw B hmÀ¯ bv¡v henb {]Nmcw \ÂIn. AXp Ignª t¸mgmWv AsXmcp am\knItcmKn krjvSn¨ IYbmsWì hyIvXambXv. CÃmbvabnÂ\n¶v kmbn_m_ ]eXpw krjvSn¨pshì ]dbp¶ Xpw CXpt]mse Xs¶. kv\m]I tbml¶m³ KÀ`Øiniphmbncp¶t¸mÄ asämcp kv{Xobp sS hbänÂInS¶ iniphns\ Xncn¨dnªXmbn ss__nfn Hcp IYbpv. {]khn¨p Ignª t¸mÄ tbml¶m\v B Ignhv \jvSs¸«p F¶m Wv ss__nfn ImWp¶Xv. C¯cw IYIÄ Iptd¡met¯¡v {]NcnçIbpw A[nIw Xma knbmsX sI«S§pIbpamWv ]Xnhv. kmbn_m_bpsS ZnhyiIvXn tUmIvSÀ `Kh ´s¯t¸mepÅ Nne imkv{XÚ·mÀ AwKo Icnç¶ntà F¶v NneÀ tNmZn¡mdpv. Cu `Kh´w imkv{X¯n _ncpZsaSp¯n«ps `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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¦nepw kmbn_m_bpsS shdpw GPâpam{Xam sWìw _m_bpsS ZnhyiIvXn sXfnbn¡m³ ]e Iŧfpw FgpXnbn«psìw Rm³ hy IvXam¡nbn«pv. `Kh´s¯t¸mseXs¶ bq dn sKÃdn\pw Nne {]NmcI·mcpv. AXn HcmfmWv Atacn¡bnse _mlymImik©mcn Ifn Hcmfmb FUvKmÀ an¨Â. sKÃdpsS {] ZÀi\§Ä Iv AZv`pX]cX{´\mb an¨Â Akm[mcW iIvXnbpÅ Hcp a\pjy\mWv A t±lw Fì ]dªn«pt{X. sKÃdnsâ Znhy iIvXnIÄ sXfnbn¡m³ {ianç¶hÀ FSp ¯p ]dbp¶ Hcp ImcyamWnXv. H¶maXv an¨ ensâ km£y¯n\p henb hne Iån¡m³ {]bmkamWv. _mlymImik©mcnIfn Hcp ¯cpw imkv{XÚ·mcÃ. Fhdkvän Ib dm³ FUvav lnemcnbpsS IqsSt¸mb sS³ knwKv temI{]kn²\mWv. ae Ibdp¶ Imcy ¯n At±l¯n\v sshZKv[yw Dmbn F ¶XpsImv km¼¯nI {]iv\§fntem imkv {Xob hnjb§fntem At±l¯n\v F´dn bmw? FUvKmÀ an¨en\v _mlymImi k©mc `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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¯n\pÅ tbmKyXbpmbncp¶XpsImv A ¡mcy¯n At±lw \nbpIvX\mbn Fìam {Xw. AXpsImv a\ximkv{X¯ntem, ckX {´¯ntem, `qanimkv{X¯ntem At±lw hnZ Kv[\mIp¶nÃ. imkv{X¯nsâ GsX¦nepw Hcp taJebn Adnhpt\Snb hyIvXn aäp ]e Imcy§fnepw AÔhnizmknbmbncpì Fì h cmw. Bcp]dªp FìÅXnsâ ASnØm\ ¯neÃ, ]dbp¶ Imcyw F{Xam{Xw imkv{Xo bamWv Fì t\m¡nbmWv hn[n Iånt¡Xv. t\m«wsImv temlZÞp¡Ä hfbvçhm \pw shÂUp sN¿phm\pw AS¨ Iymadbnse ^nenan AZv`pXIcambn kz´w cq]w ]Xn¸n çhm\pw sKÃÀ¡v Ignbpsa¶v AhImis¸Sp ¶hcpsS ap¼n GXm\pw \mÄap¼v Rm³ Hcp {]iv\w AhXcn¸n¨p. AS¨pap{Zh¨ Hcp Ihdnencnç¶ Hcp Id³knt\m«nsâ {Ia\ ¼À ]dbm³ sKÃÀç Ignbptam? Ignbpsa ¦n 16000 tUmfÀ sImSp¡msa¶v Rm³ sK ÃÀs¡gpXn. AXn\v Cìhsc At±lw adp]Sn X¶n«nÃ. Cu shÃphnfn Atacn¡bnepw bq `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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tdm¸nepapÅ ]e ]{X§fnepw {]kn²s¸Sp ¯pIbpw sNbvXp. sKÃÀ Cìhsc B shÃp hnfn kzoIcn¡m³ XbmdmbnÃ.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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14 \oeIWvT_m_ kntemWn [mcmfw `IvX·mcpÅ C³Uy³ k\ymknamcn HcmfmWv \oeIWvT_m_. ‘Xn \Ic³ hcaRvPcn’ F¶ Xangv ]{X¯n Pm ^v\m¡mc\mb ]©m£c Ipcp¡Ä At±l ¯nsâ kn²nIÄ hnhcn¨psImv Hcp teJ \w FgpXpIbpmbn. kntemWnÂ\nìw Ht« sdbmfpIÄ \oeIWvT_m_sb ZÀinç¶ Xn \p t]mImdpv. Ipcp¡fpw A§s\ At±l s¯ t]mbn IbmfmWv. kmbn_m-_tb ¡mÄ ]eXc¯nepw DbÀ¶ kn²nIfpÅbm fmWv \oeIWvT_m_sb¶v a{ZmknÂh¨v G tXm kplr¯v ]dªXp tI«mWs{X Ipcp ¡Ä BZyw AhnsS t]mbXv. Icp¡Ä At±l¯nsâ ZoÀLamb teJ\ ¯n \oeIWvT _m_bpsS \nch[n AZv`pX `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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IrXy§Ä hnhcnçìv. AXn {][m\s¸ «h Xmsg tNÀçì: “1. Hcn¡Â \oeIWvT_m_ Icª t¸mÄ FXnÀhis¯ `n¯nbn Xq¡nbncp¶ inhsâ t^mt«mbpw I®oÀ s]mgn¨p. 2. iq\yXbnÂ\nìw _m_ \nÀ½n¨ hn `qXn I®nsegpXn Hcp AÔ_me\v At±lw ImgvN\ÂIn. 3. Xangv\m«nse Hcp \Znbnse shÅw A t±lw cmbn ]Ip¯v \SphneqsS ImtdmSn¨p t]mbn. 4. Htc kab¯v cmPy¯nsâ hnhn[ `m K§fn hnZqc Øe§fn At±lw {]Xy£ s¸«p. 5. `Khm³ k©cn¨ncp¶ Imdnsâ s] t{SmÄ Hcp Im«ptdmUn h¨p XoÀìt]mbn. DSs\ At±lw ss{UhdpsS koän IS¶ncp ¶v s]t{SmfnÃmsX 23 ssa hntbmSn¨p.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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6. _m_mPn kz´w hbänÂ\nìw Hcp inhenwKw krjvSn¨v B{Ôm{]tZiv KhÀWÀ \mtKjn\p k½m\n¨p. 7. KhÀWÀ \mtKjn\v e\nse Hcp Bip]{XnbnÂh¨v Hm¸tdj³ \S¯nbt¸mÄ C³Uybnembncp¶ `Khm³ AZv`pXIcambn B Hm¸tdj³ Xntbädn {]Xy£s¸«p. 8. ap³{]knUâv tUmIvSÀ cm[mIrjvW \pw {][m\a{´n {ioaXn CµncmKmÔnbpw A t±ls¯ kµÀin¨v A\p{Klw A`yÀ°n¨ t¸mÄ iq\yXbnÂ\nìw At±lw inhenwK §Ä krjvSn¨v AhÀç k½m\n¨p.” Cu AZv`pXIYIfpsS bmYmÀ°yw Adnbp ¶Xn\pthn Rm³ {][m\a{´n CµncmKmÔn ¡v Xmsg¸dbp¶ {]Imcw Hcp I¯b¨p: _lpam\s¸« alXo, Xangv\m«pImc\mb \oeIWvT_m_mPnsb ¸än Cu cmPy¯p {]kn²oIcnç¶ Hcp ]{X ¯nÂh¶ Hcp teJ\¯nsâ `mKw Xmsg tNÀ çì: `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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‘ap³{]knUâv tUmIvSÀ cm[mIrjvW\pw {][m\a{´n {ioaXn CµncmKmÔnbpw At±l s¯ (\oeIWvT_m_mPnsb) kµÀin¨v A\p {Klw A`yÀ°n¨t¸mÄ iq\yXbnÂ\n¶v A t±lw inhenwK§Ä krjvSn¨v AhÀç k ½m\n¨p.’ Cu {]kvXmh\bn Fs´¦nepw bmYmÀ °yw Dtmsb¶v kZbw Adnbn¨m Rm³ \µnbpÅh\mbncnçw. Cu {]XnkÔnL« ¯n \n§fpsS kabw F{Xtbsd hnes¸« XmsW¶v F\n¡dnbmw. F¦nepw kntemWn epw C³UybnepapÅ Zie£¡W¡n\mfpI fpsS PohnX¯n t{]cW sNep¯p¶XmbXp sImv AXnsâ kXymhØ Adnbm³ Rm³ \nÀ_ÔnX\mbXmWv. 18þ11þ1971 hnt[b³, sImfwt_m. F{_lmw Sn. tImhqÀ (H¸v) `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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]mInØm\pw C³Uybpw X½n bp²w \S ç¶ kab¯mWv Rm³ Cu Is¯gpXp¶Xv. bp²Imcy§fn Z¯{i²bmbncpìsh¦nepw B I¯v \yqsUÂlnbn In«nb DSs\ AhÀ Ab¨ adp]Sn Xmsg sImSpçì: \yqsUÂln, \hw_À 22, 1971 {]nb kÀ, 1971 \hw_À 18þmw XobXn Ab¨ I¯pIn«n. {][m\a{´n A§s\sbmcp \oeIWvT_m_m Pnsb ImWpItbm At±lw iq\yXbnÂ\n¶v AhÀç ‘enwKw’ FSp¯psImSpçItbm D mbn«nsöv Xm¦sf Adnbn¡m³ Fs¶ NpaXes¸Sp¯nbncnçì. hnizkvX³, F³. sI. tij³ ({][m\a{´nbpsS ss{]häv sk{I«dn) ]nXmhmb PhlÀem- s\lvdphns\t¸mse Xs¶ {][m\a{´n {ioaXn CµncmKmÔnbpw Hcp bpIvXnhmZnbmbXpsImmWv AhcpsS t]cn \Sç¶ X«n¸nsâ IY shfn¨¯p `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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sImphcm³ Xbmdmbn DSs\ adp]Sn FgpXn ¨Xv. C¯cw IÅ¡YIÄ XSbs¸«nsæn £Whnizmkioecmb P\§Ä F´pam{Xw h©n¡s¸Spsaìw AhÀ¡dnbmw. km[mcW P\§Ä A¨Sn¨p ImWp¶sXm s¡ kXyamsW¶v hnizknç¶hcmWv. `IvXn hnjb§sf kw_Ôn¨msW¦n AhÀ Hcn ¡epw kwibnçIbnÃ. B ZuÀ_eyw And bmhp¶ ]{X¡mcpw `IvX·mcpw bmsXmcp aSn bpw IqSmsX IÅ¡YIÄ FgpXn {]Ncn¸nç Ibpw sN¿pì. A§s\bmWv ASp¯Ime ¯v ]tXpImet¯bpwImÄ IqSpX `Khm ·mcpw `KhXnamcpw kn²·mcpw DmIp¶Xv. Cu IYIfnse \mbI\mb \oeIWvT _m _mPn¡v s]t{SmÄ CÃmsX 23 ssa ImtdmSn ¡m³ Ignsª¦n F´psImv s]t{SmÄ C ÃmsXXs¶ B hn Øncambn HmSn¨pIqSm? Ct±l¯n\v Cu ZnhyiIvXnbpmbncps¶ ¦n bp²kab¯v s]t{Smfn\pw aäpw £ma apmbt¸m-Ä s]t{SmfnÃmsX ImtdmSnç¶ hnZy XoÀ¨bmbpw Kh¬saâns\ [cn¸nt¡ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Xmbncpì. hnam\§Ä, I¸epIÄ, {SmIvSdp IÄ F¶nh CÔ\anÃmsX HmSnçhm³ Ign ªm F{X tImSn hntZi\mWbw em`n¡m ambn cpì! \Znbnse shÅw amän\nÀ¯n Im tdmSn¡m³ _m_mPnç Ignbpambncps¶¦n _wKvfmtZiv bp²kab¯v Ct±ls¯ A t§m«bt¡Xmbncpì. ]mInØm³ ]«mfw ]me§Ä XIÀ¯XpsImv \ZnIÄ IS¡m³ C³Uy³]«mf¯n\v hfsc t¢int¡nhì. `Khm³, KwKþ{_lva]p{Xm\Zo{]m´§fn sNì\n¶n«v shÅw XSp¯p\ndp¯nbncps¶ ¦n bp²hnPbw Iptd¡qSn Ffp¸amIpambn cpì. F¦n F{Xtbm Poh\pw ]Whpw em`n ¡m³ km[nt¨t\! \oeIWvT _m_mPn¡v shÅs¯ C§s\ A\pkcn¸n¡m³ Ignbpsa-¦n C³Uybn \nìw ISeneqsS \S¶v At±l¯n\v kntem Wnte¡v Hìhcmtam? AsænÂ, Xangv\m«n seXs¶ BgapÅ FsX¦nepw \Znbn Cu ]co£Ww Hì \S¯n¡mWn¡mtam?
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Htc kab¯v ]e Øe§fn {]Xy£s¸ Sm³ Ignbpsaì ]dbp¶ _m_mPnsb Rm³ GsX¦nepw apdnbnencp¯n ]q«nbnSmw. IXIp s]mfn¡msX Hì ]pd¯phcmtam?
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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15 Xr{]bmÀ tbmKn\n “imkv{XhnÚm\t¯bpw sshZyhn[nItf bpw shÃphnfn¨p sImv, GgpsImámeam bn `£Ww bmsXmìanÃmsX, kv\m\mZnIÄ HìanÃmsX, DSpXpWnt]mepw amdmsX, aeaq{X hnkÀP\anÃmsX, ZrjvSn Nen¡msX, {]IrXn \nba§Ä¡XoXambn, ]dbm\mhm¯ Hcp ]c am\µmhØbn B almX]kzn\n (Xr{] bmdnse tbmKn\n Pm\Io tZhn) kzbw Aen ªptNÀ¶ncnçì.” CXv ‘amXr`qan’ BgvN¸ Xn¸n F³.Sn. i¦c³Ip«n tat\m³ 1968þ FgpXnb Hcp teJ\¯n \n¶mWv. Pm\IotZhnç izk\hpw lrZb¯pSn¸pw IqSn CsÃì tat\m³ FgpXnbncps¶¦n A Xpw hnizknçhm³ _lpe£w £n{]hnizm knIÄ `mcX¯n ImWpw. tat\ms\t¸m `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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epÅ A¯c¡mÀ¡v imkv{Xob]cntim[\ bpsS Bhiyw Atijhpw tXmì¶nÃ. Bdpamk¡mew bmsXmcp `£Whpw IqSm sX Pohn¨ncp¶p sh¶v ]{X§Ä aptJ\ {]kn²n t\Snb [\e£vanbptSbpw AhfpsS ANvOtâbpw Iůcw s\lvdphnsâ atXX cKh¬saâv shfns¸Sp¯p¶Xphsc B I Åns¸®ns\ ]qPn¡m\pw hµn¡m\pw e£¡ W¡n\p £n{]hnizmknIÄ Xn§n¡qSnbncp ì. s\lvdpKh¬saâv sNbvXXpt]mse Pm\ Intbbpw, kmbn_m_tbbpw CµncmKmÔn bpsS Kh¬saâv Hcp imkv{Xob ]cntim[\ bvç hnt[bcmçIbmsW¦n cpt]cptS bpw Iůcw shfns¸Spw. aqV·mscbpw £n{]hnizmknIsfbpw Nqj Ww sN¿p¶ C¯c¡msc ]cntim[nt¡ Xpw B ]cntim[\aqew sXfnbp¶ kXys¯ P\§sf Adnbnt¡Xpw Kh¬saâpIf-psS NpaXebpw ISabpamIpì. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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hndIv, F®, sagpIv apXembh I¯nsbcn bpt¼mÄ \Sç¶ HmIvkoIcW¯nsâ ^e ambn B hkvXp¡Ä \ocmhnbmbpw AwKmcm avfambpw NqSmbpw shfn¨ambpw amdpì. Cu hkvXp amäw tlXphm Fcnbp¶ hkvXp, `m cw Ipdªp Ipdªv CÃmXmhpì. AXpt]m seXs¶ Pm\In izknçt¼mÄ \Sç¶ HmIv koIcW¯nsâ ^eambn B kv{XobpsS tZ l¯nÂ\nìv \ocmhnbpw ImÀ_¬UtbmIv sskUpw (AwKcmavfw) Poh\mIp¶ DuÀÖ hpw NqSpw DZv`hnçì. PohnIfpsS Blmc ¯n `qcn]£hpw izk\thfbn \Sç¶ HmIvkoIcW¯n\v D]tbmKn¡s¸Sp¶p. B lmc¯nsâ A`mh¯n izk\thfbn F cnbp¶Xn\pÅ hkvXp¡Ä icoc¯nÂ\n¶v FSp¡s¸SpIbpw AXp Xocpt¼mÄ Poh³ P \n¸n¡m³ IgnhnÃmsX icocw N¯pt]mhpI bpw sN¿pw. Pohimkv{X¯ns\Xncmbn GgphÀjw `£ Ww Ign¡msX Pm\In kkpJw izkn¨p Po `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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hnçt¶m Fì imkv{Xobamb Hcp ]cntim [\ \St¯ NpaXe C³Uy³ kÀhIem imeIfnse Pohimkv{XÚ·mÀçÅXmWv. tIcf kÀhIemimebnse Pohimkv{XhIp¸v Pm\InbpsS `£Ww Ign¡m¯ X]kns\¸än KthjWw \S¯n Hcp {]_Ôw {]kn²s¸ Sp¯ptam? KuXa_p²³ IemaamÀç sImSp¯ D]tZ iw Xmsg D²cnç¶Xv ChnsS {it²bamWv: “Iemaamtc, \n§fpsS a\kn kwibw P \nç¶Xv \ÃXmWv. hnizknçhm³ {]bmk apÅ kwKXnIfnemWv kwibw P\n¡mdpÅ Xv. dnt¸mÀ«pItfm, tI«ptIÄhnItfm, ]mc¼ cytam, thZImhy§tfm, aXNS§pItfm, atXm ]tZi§tfm, D]tZiIsâ IoÀ¯ntbm hniz kn¨p \n§fn AÔhnizmkw P\n¸n¡m³ CSsImSp¡cpXv. bpIvXn]cambn BcmbpIbpw Nn´nçIbpw sN¿phn³.”
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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16 Hcp ssZh¯nsâ acWw 1969 Pqembv 21þmw XobXn a\pjy³ N{µ\n Cd§n. A§s\ Hcp ssZhw A´cn¨p. C³ Uy¡mÀ¡v N{µ³ tZh\mbncpì. \½psS ap ¯ivinamÀ N{µtZhs\ {]kmZn¸nçhm³ A Sp¯Imew hsc Xn¦fmgvN{hXw BNcn¨ncp ì. B tZh³ ]etcbpw IeymWwIgn¨ IY bpw ]pcmW§fnepv. F¶m ]mivNmXyÀ ¡v N{µ³ Hcp s]¬tZhXbmWv. a²y]uc kvXy tZi¡mÀ N{µs\ Hcp ZpÀtZhXbmbn IcpXn. B tZhX _m[nç¶XpaqeamWv {`m ´v hcp¶sX¶mWv {InkvXphpw aäpw hnizkn ¨ncp¶Xv. N{µtcmKw ({`m´v) {InkvXp amänb Xmbn ss__nfnepv. A§s\ tZhXzw Iån `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¡s¸«ncp¶ N{µ\n a\pjy³ \SçIbpw AhnsS\n¶v ]mdbpw CXchkvXp¡fpw sIm phcnIbpw sNbvXXv aX§Ät¡ä I\¯ ASnbmWv. AXp ad¨phbv¡m³thn hnizm knIÄ \S¯p¶ ITn\bXv\§Ä ImWp t¼mÄ \ap¡v klXm]w tXmìì. Nne ]{X hmÀ¯IÄ Rm³ ChnsS D²cn¡mw: “At¸mtfm 12þsâ Nm{µZuXyw hnPbnç¶ Xn\pthn aenKIbnse A{KØm]I a lmhnlmcbnÂh¨v \hw_À 14þmw XobXn cm hnse 6.30 apX kntemWnse almt_m[n skmsskän Hcp ‘tk¯v ]ncn¯v’ IÀ½w B cw`n¨ncnçì. sh\d_nÄ slUnsKsÅ ]¶ Znialm\mbI tXmtdmbpsS t\XrXz¯n ]{´p `n£p¡fmWnXp \S¯p¶Xv.” (k¬, 13þ11þ 1969) “At¸mtfm 8þ N{µ\nteç ]pds¸«ncn ç¶ aq¶v Atacn¡³ N{µbm{X¡mÀç thn t]mÄ amÀ]m¸m {]mÀ°\ \S¯nbncn çì. {Klm´cbm{X \S¯p¶ [oc·mcmb `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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_mlymImik©mcnIsf \½Ä {]mÀ°\ bn HmÀçIbpw AhÀçv hnPbw Biwkn çIbpw thWsa¶v amÀ]m¸m ]dªp.” (kvämÀ, 23þ12þ1969) “Xtâbpw apgph³ tdma³It¯men¡cptS bpw {]mÀ°\, \o Bwkvt{SmwKv, FUzn³ BÂ{Un³, ssa¡Â tImfn³kv F¶nhtcmSp IqSn AhcpsS k©mc¯n apgph³ Znhk §fn Dmbncnç¶XmsW¶v amÀ]m¸m {] kvXmhn¨ncnçì.” (]n. Sn. kn., tdmbn«À) \mkm A[nImcnIÄ amÀ]m¸bvçw alm t_m[nkwL¯n\pw \µn ]dtbnbncnçì. Asæn Bwkvt{SmwKpw Iq«cpw N{µ\n Cd§pambncp¶nÃ! {]mÀ°\bpw ‘]ncn¯p’ IÀ½hpwsImv N{µ\n Cd§m³ Ignbp ambncps¶¦n Cu ]ptcmlnX·mÀ F´psIm v AXv CXn\pap¼p sNbvXnà F¶mWv F sâ kwibw. imkv{Xhpw kmt¦XnI hnZy bpw C{Xam{Xw A`nhr²n{]m]nç¶Xn\pap `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¼pXs¶ AhÀ¡Xp sN¿mambncpì. AXn s\mìw apXncmsX Aì N{µs\ ssZhambn Bcm[n¨n«v Ct¸mÄ a\pjysc I_fn¸nç hm³ {]mÀ°\ \S¯p¶hcpsS sXmen¡«n Akm[mcWw Xs¶. “tlmwKvtImwKnse Hcp tImSoizc³ Irjv W³, cma³, ]ctaizc³ F¶nhcpsS cq]§ fpÅ Hcp saU N{µ\n \nt£]nç¶Xn \pthn _mlymImibm{XnIÀ¡v Ab¨psIm Sp¯ncnçì.” (]n. Sn. kn., tdmbn«À) `mhnbnse sslµhNcn{XImc·mÀçw _m lymImik©mcnIÄçw, k\mX\lnµpaXw tZhtemI¯pw {]Ncn¨ncpì F¶v Øm]n ¡m³ Hcp sXfnhmbn! “CXckm[\§tfmsSm¸w t]mÄ Bdma³ amÀ]m¸mbpsS ktµiw BteJ\w sNbvX Hcp kv^SnI ^eIw N{µ\n \nt£]n¨p. C Xn F«mw k¦oÀ¯\hpw DÄs¸Spì.” (]n. Sn. kn., tdmbn«À) `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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cmatâbpw IrjvWtâbpw ]ctaizctâbpw Nn{Xw lnµp Ab¨t¸mÄ {InkvXym\n tami ¡mc\mImtam? F´psImv _p²aX¡mÀ kvamcIw Øm]n¡m³ {ian¨nà F¶msWsâ kwibw. “N{µbm{Xhgn, Adnbm¯ Imcy§fn a\p jy\pÅ `oXn \oçhm³ a\pjys\ klmbn çIbmWv sNbvXsX¶v Atacn¡bpsS A t¸mtfm 11þ k©cn¨htcmSv t]mÄ amÀ]m¸m {]kvXmhn¨ncnçì.” (]n. Sn. kn., tdmbn«À) t]mÀ amÀ]m¸m DÄs¸Sp¶ It¯men¡m aXhpw CXc aX§fpsaÃmw Adnbm¯ Imcy§fn a\pjy\v `oXn hfÀ¯pIbpw A XnÂ\n¶v apXseSpçIbpamWv sN¿p¶Xv. “CXv a\pjyhÀK¯nsâ al¯mb Hcp hnPbamWv. CXp apgph³ a\pjyÀçw thn bmWv. CXmbncpì Atacn¡bnse _mlym Imi KthjWhIp¸nse D¶X\mb Hcp Hm ^okdpsS {]XnIcWw.” `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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(]n. Sn. kn., tdmbn«À) icnbmWv. N{µ\n a\pjy³ ImepIp¯nb tXmsS Hcp ssZhw A´cn¨p. ssZh§fpsS hwihnNvtOZ-\¯n\pXs¶ CXv Ifsamcp çw. a\pjyhÀK¯nsâ hnPbw Bcw`n¨pIgn ªncnçì.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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17 hnizmknIÄ¡v eqÀZpw amÀ]m¸m¡v tUmIvSdpw It¯men¡À¡v Ht«sd XoÀ°mS\tI{µ§fp v. AXn Gähpw {][m\s¸«XmWv eqÀZv. A hnsSbpÅ hnip²amXmhnsâ ]ÅntbmS\p_ Ôn¨p \nÀ½n¨ncnç¶ Ir{Xna \ocpdh (AZv `pXIcambn DmbXmWnsX¶mWv `IvX·mÀ ]dbp¶Xv) bnse shůn\v kÀhtcmK§ tfbpw t`Zam¡m\pÅ Ignhps¶v ]dbs¸ Spì. CXp icnbmsWìIcpXn Zie£¡W ¡n\p hnUvVnIÄ BptXmdpw B Øew kµÀinçìv. ]t£, \qdnÂ]cw hÀj §Ä Ignªn«pw hnizkn¡mhp¶ Adp]¯n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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aqì tcmKim´ntb \S¶n«pÅp F¶mWv k`bpsSXs¶ HutZymKnI dnt¸mÀ«v. tcmKim ´nbm{Kln¨v AhnsS sN¶n«v bmsXmcp {] tbmP\hpw In«msX aS§nbhcpw AhnsS InSì N¯hcpw CXnsâ F{Xtbm Bbncanc «nhcpw. ]t£, \nc´cambn eqÀZp almXvayw hmgv¯n¸mSpIbmWv tdma³ It¯men¡m ]p tcmlnX·mÀ Cìw. F¶m tcmKwhcpt¼mÄ Hä amÀ]m¸tbm IÀZn\mtfm, F´n\v BÀ¨p _nj¸pt]meptam, eqÀZnÂt]mbn tcmKw t`Z s¸«Xmbn AdnbnÃ. 1954þ temI¯nse Zn\]{X§sfÃmw Hcp hmÀ¯ {]kn²oIcn¨p. A¶s¯ amÀ]m¸m bv¡v (]bkv ]{´ma³) kznävkÀense tUmIvSÀ t]mÄ \olm³ arKtImi¯nÂ\n ìw Xbmdm¡nb Hcp acp¶v Ip¯nh¨pshìw AXv amÀ]m¸mbpsS Poh³ c£nçhm³ thn \ÂIs¸« Hcp NnInXvkbmbncp¶nsà ìw dnt¸mÀ«nepmbncpì. At±l¯n\v \jv Ss¸«pt]mb buh\w hosSpçIbmbncpì AXnsâ Dt±iw. \mep hÀj§Äç tijw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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amÀ]m¸m Cu kznkv s{]m^ksd hopw h ¯n¡m\n hcp¯n. At±l¯nsâ Im_n\äv AwK§sf NnInXvkn¡m\mbncpì AXv. `cW Imcy§fn ]m¸msb klmbnç¶ Cu Im _n\äv AwK§sfÃmw Adp]Xpw Fgp]Xpw I gnª hr²·mcmbncpì. F¬]¯nsbmì hbkpImc\mb amÀ]m¸bv¡v buh\NnIn Xvk \S¯nbXn\ptijw At±l¯nt\msSm ¸w tPmensN¿m³ AhÀç IgnªnÃ. buh \ NnInXvk Ignªt¸mÄ 1953þ amÀ]m¸m BIp¶ Ime¯v At±l¯n\pmbncp¶ D t·jw Xncn¨pIn«nsb¶mWv dnt¸mÀ«v. F¦nepw At±l¯n\v acWs¯ AXnPohn¡m³ Ign ªnÃ! 1958þ ]bkv ]{´ma³ A´cn¨p. eqÀZn A{X ZnhyiIvXnbpÅ \ocpdh D mbncp¶n«pw buh\w e`n¡m³ B shÅw IpSn¡msX amÀ]m¸ F´n\mWv NnInXvkn¨ sX¶mWv Fsâ kwibw. ]bkv amÀ]m¸sb XpSÀ¶v A[nImc¯n h¶ tPm¬ Ccp]¯n aq¶ma\pw t]mÄ Bdma\pw tcmKnIfmbXpw NnInXvkn¨Xpamb hnhc§fpw ]{X§fn hm `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bn¨p. Ahcmcpw eqÀZn t]mbnÃ! B Znhy iIvXnbpÅ shÅw acp¶n\p]Icw IpSn¨p anÃ! AhÀ¡dnbmw CsXÃmw k`bvç ]Wap m¡m\pÅ kq{X§fmsW¶mWv. AXpsIm v tcmKwhcpt¼mÄ amÀ]m¸amcpw _nj¸p amcpw tUmIvSsds¡mv NnInXvkn¸nçw; hn izmknItfmSv eqÀZv Pes¯¸än {]kwKnçw. Asæn ]ptcmlnXsâbSp¯ph¶v {]mÀ°n ¡m³ ]dbpw. hnizmknIÄ acn¨mepw Pohn ¨mepw ]ptcmlnX\p em`amWv þ AbmÄç ] Ww In«pw. C\n eqÀZn \Sì Fì ]dbp¶ AZv`pX§fpsS IY t\mçI: ‘eqÀZnse H³]Xv AZv`pX§Ä’ F¶t]cn tUm. Un. sP. shkväv Fw. _n. kn¨v. _n: Un. ]n. Fw. (UçhmÀUv 1957) FgpXnb ]pkvX Iw It¯men¡Às¡¶t]mseXs¶ bpIvXn hmZnIÄçw hmbn¡m³ ]änbXmWv. 1937þ52 Ime¯v {]hÀ¯n¨ncp¶ Imt\m\n¡Â I½o j³ AZv`pX§sf¶v hn[nIån¨n«pÅ H³ ]Xp tIkpIsf \ncq]W]cambn tUmIvSÀ shkväv CXn ]cntim[nçì. Hmtcm kw` `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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hhpw aqìL«§fnse ]cntim[\bvçtij amWv AZv`pXambn ]cnKWnç¶Xv. eqÀZv sa Un¡Â anj³ AXv BZyw ]cntim[n¡pw. AXpIgnªm ]mcoknepÅ A´Àt±iob saUn¡Â I½ojsâ ]cntim[\bvç hnt[ bamçw. Ahkm\w F¢nknbmkvän¡Â I½o j\pw ]cntim[\ \S¯pw. CXn GsX¦nepw Hcp ]cntim[\mkanXn XÅn¡fbp¶ tIkn \v AZv`pX§fpsS KW¯n Øm\w In«pI bnÃ. C§s\ F{X tIkpIÄ XÅs¸«p F¶ dnbp¶Xv ckIcambncnçw. 1946þ48 Ime¯v eqÀZv saUn¡Â anj³ 194 tIkpIÄ ]cntim [\mÀlsaì hn[n¨p. AXn 19 tIkpIÄ am{Xta A´Àt±iob saUn¡Â I½oj³ XncsªSp¯pÅq. AXn Hsc®w am{Xw F¢nknbmkvän¡Â I½oj³ AwKoIcn¨p. AZv`pXtcmKim´nbpsS hnhcw k` s]s« ì {]Jym]n¡mdnsÃìÅXv CXnÂ\n¶v hyIv XamIpìtÃm. 1946 hsc k` AwKoIcn¨n«p Å 9 AZv`pX§sf¸änbmWv tUmIvSÀ shkväv {]Xn]mZnç¶Xv. AZv`pX§fpsS ]cnanXn A `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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t±lw BZyw Xs¶ hyIvXamçìv. ]pd¯p Å HcmÄ¡v AZv`pXIcsaì tXm¶mhp¶ Xc ¯nepÅXà Ah F¶v At±lw ]dbpì. \ jvSs¸«pt]mb Hcp I®n\p ImgvN In«pItbm apdn¨p Ifbs¸« Hcp Im \ophcnItbm sNbvXn«n-Ã. t`ZamhpIbnÃm¯ tcmKw _m[n¨ hÀ kpJs¸« Hc\p`hhpanÃ. AtX kabw tcmKhnapIvXn t\Sm³ km[yXbpÅ £bw XpS§nbh \mSIobambn kpJs¸SpIbpw sN bvXp. At±lw XpScpì: “an¡ tIkpIfnepw, tcmKapIvXnç ap¼pw ]n¼pw \njvIrjvSamb ]cntim[\ \S¯nbn«pÅXn\pw sXfnhpIÄ CÃ. ZuÀ`mKyIcsaì ]dbs«, A§s\bp mbn«nÃ.” ]Xns\mì tIkpIfn Hsc®w hniZambn AXn {]Xn]mZnçìv. 1943 BKkväv 15þmw XobXnbnse IpÀ_m\ kab¯v ankv Pn. ¢mhpsk F¶ h\nXbpsS hmXtcmKw t`Z s¸«XmWXv. Cu tcmKnbpsS kz´w tUm IvSdmb tUmIvSÀ audnsâ 1944 tabv 21þmw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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XobXnbnse {][m\ saUn¡Â sd¡mÀUv ap gph\mbn CXn D²cn¨n«pv. “Hcp saUn¡Â tcJ F¶ \nebn tUm IvSÀ audnsâ dnt¸mÀ«v eqÀZv {]kn²oIcW§ fntebpw ^bepIfntebpw CXc tcJIÄ t]mse Xs¶þ AXr]vXnIchpw hneIpdª XpamWv’” F¶v tUmIvSÀ shkväv ]dbpì. an kv ¢mhpskensâ AkpJw hfsc ]g¡apÅ Xmbncpì. A¯cw _p²nap«pÅ tIkpIfn B[p\nI Bip]{XnIfn \S¯nhcp¶ Xc ¯nepÅ ]qÀWamb Hcp ]cntim[\ AXnsâ Hcp L«¯nepw \S¯nbn«nÃ. AhÀ ]cntim [n¸n¨XmIs«, Hcp at\mtcmKhnZKv[s\s¡m mWv. \mUoaqetimjWs¯ kw_Ôn¨pÅ tUmIvSÀ audnsâ hniZoIcW¯n\v kzoImcyX hfsc IpdhmWv. 1945 BKkväv 20þXob Xnbnse FIvkvþtd dnt¸mÀ«nemWv ankv ¢mhp skensâ tcmKe£W§Ä
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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KuchXcambn ImWp¶Xv. tUm. shkväv CXv lnkväocnbm B tWm Fì kwibnçì. lnkväocnbmbpsS Hcp hIt`ZamWv ¢mhp sk tIkv F¦n {]Xymb\w sImv \mS Iobambn AXp kpJs¸Smw. ]n¶oSv AXv NÀ ¨sNt¿XpamWv. eqÀZv saUn-¡Â _yqtdm bpsS dnt¸mÀ«nepw Cu tcmKs¯ kw_Ôn¨v IqSpX hnhcsamìanÃ. ]t£, hyIvXamb Hcp hniZoIcWw \ÂImsX Hgnªpamdp¶ Xn\pÅ tUmIvSdpsS {iaw CXn hyIvXambn ImWmw. Imt\m\n¡Â I½ojsâ dnt¸mÀ«pw {KÙ ¯nepv. AXn sXfnhns\ kw_Ôn¨v A hÀçÅ {]tXyIamb hymJym\w BhÀ¯n çIbpw sNbvXncnçì. ]t£, aäp km[yX IÄ AhÀ {i²n¨nt«bnÃ. ankv ¢mhpsken sâ tcmK¯n\v icocLS\m]camb ASnØm \¯n hyIvXamb bmsXmcp sXfnhpanÃm¯ Imcyw AhÀ aqSn¡fbpIbpw sNbvXp. tUm IvSÀ shkväv C§s\ D]kwlcnçì: `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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“th{X ]cntim[\ \S¯nbn«nÃm¯Xpw \ymbamb hniZoIcWw \ÂIm³ {ian¡m ¯Xpw AZv`pXsaì ]dbm³ AtbmKyhp amb tIkpIÄ¡v eqÀZv _yqtdm ]n´pW \ Ip¶Xmbn«mWv CXnepw aäp \nch[n tIkpI fnepw\n¶v hyIvXamIp¶Xv. “aäp tIkpIÄ AZv`pXmt\zjI\v CXnt\ ¡mÄ H«pw hnes¸«XÃ. km[mcW hniZoIc W¯n\pt]mepw hyIvXamb km[yXIÄ DÅ XmWv. anknkv sKkvämbpsS (1947) tcmKim´n IY. 1938þ {^m³knkv ]mkv¡ensâ AÔX amdnsbì ]dbpì. AXnsâbpw saUn¡Â tcJIÄ hfsc tamihpw hnizkn¡¯¡X Ãm¯XpamWv. tIW sNÃm{Knsâ IcÄIpcp hpw (Liver Abscess) \mf{hWhpw (Fistula) (1950) tcmKim´n¡v DZmlcWambns«Sp¡m hp¶XÃ. apdnhpW§epw eqÀZv kµÀi\hpw X½n tNÀìhìshì am{XtabpÅq. NnIn XvksImv tIWensâ ]\n hn«pamdpIbpw s]mXphmb BtcmKyw hÀ²nçIbpw Xq¡w IqSpIbpw sNbvXXv eqÀZv kµÀi\¯n\p `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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ap¼mWv. Cu tcmKhnapIvXnbpsS Ahkm\ L«¯nemWv apdnhpW§nbXv” “knkväÀ tacn amÀKcäv Hcn¡epw eqÀZn t]mbn«nÃ. {]mÀ°n¡pIbpw eqÀZv shÅw Ip SnçIbpw sNbvXXpsImmWv AhÀ¡v tcm Kw amdnbXv. C¯cw Hcp tIkv sshZyimkv {X]cambn sXfnbn¡s¸SmsX kwibmep ¡Ä Xr]vXcmhpIbnà F¶v tUm. shkväv ]d bpì. AXnsâ BZy {]amWtcJ eqÀZv ^b enÂ\n¶v A{]Xy£ambn. 1946 Pqssebnse 69þmw \¼À _pÅän\n I\ymkv{XoIfpsS sshtZym]tZiI\mb tUm IvSÀ ^neukv C{]ImcsagpXn: “R§Ä bYmÀ°¯n Hìw ]dªnÃ. Bhiys¸« hnhc§fnepÅ AZv`pXIcamb Ipdhv, B sshZyhn[nbn th{X hnizmkw HcmÄ¡v AÀ¸nçhm³ km[yaÃmXm¡nbncn çì.”
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Bamib¯n\p £bhpw atlmZchpw _m [n¨ ankv Im\n\v 1947þ tcmKw amdnsbì ]dbp¶Xns\ tUmIvSÀ shkväv FXnÀçì. hnZKv[ ]cntim[\ sImÃmsX Cu tcmKw ]nSn In«pIbnÃ. HcmÄçthWsa¦n ]dbmw, tcmKnç Ipsd¡meambn BamibtcmKw _m [n¨ncnçIbmbncpìsh¶v. B Ahbh¯n sâ Hcp `mKw {]hÀ¯n¨psImncnçIbm bncp¶ncn¡Ww. AXv {ItaW t`Zambns¡m ncpìshìw eqÀZv kµÀi\¯n\p tijw AXv ]qÀ¯nbmsbìw IcpXmw. At±lw XpScpì: “C¯csamcp kw`h¯n\v {]tXyI hniZoIcWw BhiyanÃ. Po³ s{]säensâ (1948) tIkmWv CXnt\¡mÄ {]m[m\yapÅXv. ]t£, AtX¸änbpÅ hnhc§fpw A[nIanÃ. th{X sXfnthm hnhctam CÃm¯ B tI kns\¸än imkv{Xobambn Hìw ]dbm³ km ²yaÃ. Smhpsä ^pÄUmbpsS Imcy¯nepw sX fnhnÃ.” anknkv tIm«nbmÄ«nsâ (1952) Imcy¯nepw tcmK\nÀWbw imkv{Xobambn \S¶n«nÃ. Hcp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Xcw ZmÀi\nIkz`mht¯msSbmWv AXp hnh cn¨n«pÅXv. ankv eqbnkn Pabn³ (1937) F¶ kv{XobpsS tcmKim´nbpsS IY hnhcn¨n«v tUmIvSÀ shkväv ]dbpì: “_mIvSocnbm td UntbmfPn ]co£W§fnepw sshcp²yw DÅ XpsImv Cu tIkv hymJym\n¡m³ _p²nap «pv.” Im³kÀ t`Zambn Fì ]dbp¶ anknkv tdmkv amÀ«nsâ (1947) IY IqSpX {i²m]qÀ hw ]Tnt¡XmWv. AhcpsS IpSen ImW s¸« Hcp apg Im³kdmbncpìsh¶mWv ]dbp ¶Xv. CXv hnkvabIcamsW¶mWv tUmIvSÀ shkvänsâ ]£w. B kv{XobpsS tUmIvSdmb t^ AXp Im³kdmsW¶v XoÀ¯p ]dbp¶n Ã. hnZKv[amb Hcp ]cntim[\bpw C¡mcy ¯n Dmbn«nÃ. eqÀZnse tUmIvSÀ t{km _nt\m Cu tIkv \ymboIcn¡m³ {ian¨n«p s¦nepw AhÀ¡v Zlt\{µnbkw_Ôamb \nkmcamb XIcmdpIÄ am{Xta Dmbncp ìÅp F¶mWv tUmIvSÀ shkvänsâ ]£w. XpSÀ¨bmb Zl\çdhpmIp¶hÀ Ign¡m `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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hp¶ tamÀ^n³ IqSpX tUmkv AhÀ Ign ¨ncpì F¶Xn\v sXfnhpv. AZv`pXIcamb tcmKim´nbpmIp¶Xn\pap¼v Akm[mcW amb apgsbmìw AhÀçmbncp¶nsöv eqÀZnse tUmIvSÀamcpw ]dbpì. Cu {KÙ¯n ]dbp¶ ]Xns\mì tIkp IÄçw sXfnhpIÄ IpdhmWv. A]qÀWamb sXfnhv, Aimkv{Xobamb tcmK\nÀ®bw, ]e t¸mgpw kXykÔXbnÃmbva XpS§nbhbmWv eqÀZns\¸änbpÅ {`aw krjvSn¨psImncnç ¶Xv. eqÀZnse tUmIvSÀamcpsS IgnhptISns\ ¸än tUmIvSÀ shkväv ]dbpì: t\cs¯ \nivNbn¨ncp¶ Hcp e£y¯n F¯pIsb¶ÃmsX bmYmÀ°y§fpambn k ©cn¡m³ AhÀ XbmdmbnÃ. Hcp ISp¯ It¯men¡s\ Xr]vXns¸Sp¯m³ tUmIvSÀ shkvän\p IgnªnsÃì hcmw. ]t£, \ncq] I\mb Hcp hmb\¡mc\v CXp Xr]vXn \ Ipw. Imt\m\n¡Â I½oj³ hnhcnç¶ ]Xn s\m¶v AZv`pXIcamb tcmKim´nç]pdsa, `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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AZv`pXIctam AÃm¯tXm Bb \nch[n ac W§Ä eqÀZn Dmbn«pv. AtX¸än I t¯men¡À anmdnÃ.”
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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18 {iohÅnbpsS AhXmcw [À½w £bnçIbpw A[À½w hÀ²nçIbpw sN¿pt¼mÀ [À½Øm]\¯n\mbn bpKw tXm dpw hnjvWp AhXcnçsa¶mWv sslµh hnizmkw. inht\m, {_lvamthm, kp{_lva Wyt\m, ]mÀhXntbm Hìw C§s\ AhXcn ç¶Xmbn tI«n«nÃ. F¶mÂ, Ipd¨pImew ap ¼v {iohÅn F¶ tZhnbpsS AhXmcamWv Xms\¶v {ioe¦bn Hcp kv{Xo AhImis¸ «p. Acpcm[]pcw PnÃbnse Ae¦ta F¶ Øe¯v Hcp t£{Xw ]Wnbn¨v AhÀ Ccn ¸pd¸n¨p. AhcpsS ASp¡Â\n¶v A\p{Klw hm§m³ DbÀ¶ DtZymKØ·mcpw PUvPnam cpsams¡ Ahsc kµÀinçI ]Xnhmbncp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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ì. Bcm[I·mcpw `IvXP\§fpw IqSnb t¸mÄ AhÀ s]s«ì e£m[n]Xnbmbn amdn. ]t£, 1964 amÀ¨pamk¯n s]s«¶v AhÀ Cu sXmgn \ndp¯n¡fªp. CXv {ioe¦ bn Hcp henb hmÀ¯bmbncpì. IaemKpW]men F¶ B bphXn¡v A t¸mÄ 29 hbkv {]mbambncpì. knwlf]{X ¯n a\pjyssZh§sf shÃphnfn¨psImv Rm³ {]kn²oIcn¨ teJ\§fn NneXp hm bn¨XmWv AhÀç a\x]cnhÀ¯\w Dm Im³ ImcWw. ]t£, AtX XpSÀ¶v AhÀ tcmK_m[nXbmbn. CSbv¡nsS AhÀç t_m [£bw hcm³ XpS§n. ]uÀWan, Aamhmkn Zn\§fnembncpì CXv A[nIhpw. 1964 sk]v Xw_À amk¯n kntem¬ bpIvXnhmZnkw Lw sk{I«dn F. kn. Fkv. s^ÀWmtm, U_vfnbp. ]n. tkmaXneI³, kv¡qÄ A[ym ]nIbmb {ioaXn tkma XneI³ F¶nhÀ F s¶ hìIp. IaemKpW]menbpsS IYIÄ AhÀ hnhcn¨p. B kv{Xosb klmbn¡W sa¶v AhÀ A`yÀ°n¨p. 27þmw XobXn Iaem `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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KpW]men hcp¶]£w Ahcpambn kwkmcn ¡msaì Rm³ Gäp. Iae, ]nXmhmb sl«nbpw A½bpw ap¯iv inbpw H¯v IrXy kab¯pXs¶ hì. AhÀ Hmtcmcp¯cpambn IaebpsS IYsb¸än Rm³ ZoÀLambn kwkmcn¨p. AhcnÂ\nìw F\nç a\knem¡m³ Ignª IY hfsc Zb\obambncpì. AXnsâ Npcp¡w CXmWv: A\pcm[]pcw PnÃbnse Ae¦ta F¶ {Km a¯nse A[nImcnbmWv Fw. sl«n. At±l ¯nsâ `mcy ASps¯mcp ss{]adn kv¡qfnse A²ym]nIbmWv. Cu Z¼XnIfpsS GIk´m \amWv Iaem KpW]men. A½bpsS kv¡qfn Xs¶bmWv aIfpw ]Tn¨ncp¶Xv. Hcp Znhkw ¢mknencnçt¼mÄ s]s«ì Iaebv¡v Hcp t_m[£bapmbn. Ahsf DSs\ Bip]{Xn bnem¡n. ]cntim[\bn AhÄ¡v Fs´¦n epw tcmKapÅXmbn tXm¶nbnÃ. ho«n Xncn s¨¯n ]gbXpt]mse AhÄ Ignªphì. A§s\bncns¡, ]mS¯pIqSn \Sìhcp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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t¼mÄ AhÄ ab§nhoWp. AXn\ptijw Hcn S¯pw Ahsf X\n¨p hnSpambncp¶nÃ. F¦n epw kv¡qfnÂh¨v hopw AhÄ¡v t_m[£ bapmbn. AtXmsS Ggmw kväm³tUÀUn h¨v AhÀ IaebpsS ]Tn¯w \ndp¯n. km[mcW atäXp {KmaoWscbpsa¶Xpt]m seXs¶ sl«n Z¼XnIfpw aIsf Nne BbpÀ thZ sshZy·msc ImWn¨p. AhÀ \S¯nb NnInXvkIÄ ]cmPbs¸«t¸mÄ a{´hmZw sN bvXpt\m¡n. AhÀ ‘sXmhnÂ’ IÀ½w \S ¯m³ \nÀt±in¨p. AXpsImsmìw {]tbm P\w ImWmsX h¶t¸mÄ Ahsf {]kn² at\mtcmKhnZKv[\mb kndn tabdpsS ASp ¯psImpt]mbn. At±l¯nsâ {iahpw hn^eambn. ]p¯f¯nepÅ apcpI³ tImhnembncpì sl«n Z¼XnIfpsS ASp¯ e£yw. tIcf¯n se tNmäm\n¡cbpw aWÀImSp]Ånbpsam s¡ t]mse `IvX·mÀ kµÀinç¶ Hcp t£ {XamWnXv. aqì Znhks¯ ]qP \S¯nbm `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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tcmKw t`ZamIpsa¶v ]ptcmlnX³ ]dªp. taem tcmKw hcmXncnç¶Xn\pthn Ah fpsS \of¯nepÅ Hcp X¦¨§ebpm¡n t£{X¯n\p sImSp¡Wsaìw AbmÄ \nÀ t±in¨p. aIfpsS tcmKw amdm³ F´pw sN ¿m³ sl«n Z¼XnIÄ X¿mdmbncpì. Bbnc ¡W¡n\p cq]m sNehmt¡nhì, X¦¨ §e XoÀ¡m³. AXn\p ]pdsa, aqì Znhk s¯ ]qPbv¡v bYm{Iaw 137,147,167 cq] hoXw sImSpçIbpw sNbvXp. cmw Znhks¯ ]qPmkab¯v Iae Fgp t¶äv BSm\pw ]mSm\pw XpS§n. Iptd Ignªv Hcp {]tXyI i_vZ¯n AhÄ ]dªp: “Rm\mcmsW¶dnbmtam? {ioapcpIsâ ]Xv \n hÅn. Rm³ C\ntaen ChnsSbncnç¶n Ã. IaebpsSIqsS Rm³ A\pcm[]pc¯n\p t]mIpì.” {iohÅn aIfn {]kmZn¨p FìtI«t¸mÄ sl«nç kt´mjambn. ]qPsbÃmw Ignªv AhÀ \m«nteç Xncn¨pt]mbn. AhnsS sN¶v `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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A[nIw Ignbp¶Xn\pap¼v IaebpsS ap¯ ivin Ahsf shfn¨¸mSnsâ ASp¯psImp t]mbn. Z£nWh¨p Ignªt¸mÄ shfn¨¸mSp XpÅn. Hcp kv{Xoi_vZ¯n AbmÄ ]d ªpþ “Cu BÄ (Iaesb Nqn) {iohÅn bn³ AhXmcw. AhÄ¡v ieyapm¡nbm Rm³ tIm]nçw.” shfn¨¸mSv XpÅn¸dbpt¼mÄ Iae \ni_v Zbmbncpì. ]t£, ho«n Xncns¨¯nbt¸mÄ AhfpsS `mhw amdn. AhÄ Fgpt¶äv BSm³ XpS§n. Iptd¡gnªv AXphsc AhÀç ]cn NbanÃm¯ kzc¯n ]dªp: “Rm\mWv {iohÅn þ apcpIsâ ]Xv\n. Rm³ taen ChnsSbmWncnç¶Xv. Cu ]pc bnS¯nÂXs¶ F\ns¡mcp tImhn ]Wnb Ww.” ]ntäìXs¶ sl«n tImhn ]Wnbn¡m³ XpS§n. Hcp {iotImhnepw hcm´bpw am{Xap Å sNdnb Hcp t£{Xw GXm\pw Znhk§Ä ¡Iw X¿mdmbn. {iotImhnen\I¯v apcpIsâ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bpw {iohÅnbpsSbpw Nn{X§Ä h¨ncpì. hÅnbpsS D¯ch\pkcn¨v _p[³, i\n Znh k§fn {]tXyI ]qPIÄ Bcw`n¨p. B Znh k§fn taf¡mÀ hcm\pw GÀ¸mSpsNbvXp. cm{Xn F«paWn apX cmhnse BdphscbmWv ]qP. CXn\nSbn cp CSthfIÄ IqSnbp mbncpì. ]q¯fw tImhnenÂ\nìw Iae sImph¶ncp¶ Hcp kÀ¸hn{Klhpw Ahn sS {]XnjvTn¨ncpì. _p[³, i\n Znhk§ fn Iae DSps¯mcp§n t£{X¯n sNÃpw. tafIÄ Bcw`n¨p. Ipd¨pIgnbpt¼mÄ Iae B«w XpS§pw. B kab¯v BfpIÄ tNmZn ç¶ kwib§Ä¡v AhÄ D¯cw ]dbpw. CXv km£m {iohÅn Xs¶bmsW¶v P\ §Ä hnizkn¨p. tcmKnIÄ At§mSp {]hln ¡m³ XpS§n. AZv`pX tcmKim´nbpsS hmÀ ¯IÄ {]Ncn¨p. \mÄç\mÄ P\¡q«w hÀ ²n¨phì. tcmKnIÄ¡v \nehnf¡nÂ\nìw Aåw F ®sbSp¯p sImSpçI am{Xta AhÄ sNbv XncpìÅq. B F®bv¡v kÀhtcmK§sfbpw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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amäm³ Ignhps¶v {ioe¦sb§pw hmÀ¯ ]cì. BfpIfpsS hchp hÀ²n¨t¸mÄ sl«n ¡v Hcp hnZy tXm¶n. {iohÅn tZhnsb ImW Wsa-¦n cpcq]bpw ]Xn\©p shänebpw Z£nW hbv-¡Wsa¶bmÄ ]dªp. P\§Ä ¡v AXn ]cmXnbpmbncp¶nÃ. amk§Ä Ignªt¸mÄ sl«n e£m[n]Xnbmbn. A bmÄ \ne§fpw ]pcbnS§fpw k¼mZn¨p. A §s\bncnçt¼mgmWv Fsâ Nne teJ\ §Ä Iae hmbnç¶Xv. Xm³ GtXm at\m tcmK¯n\SnabmsW¶ hnNmcw AhÄçm bn. B«hpw ]m«pw acpì sImSp¡epw AhÄ kzbw \nb{´n¨p. At¸mÄ ]gb t_m[£bw ]nSnIqSn. Cu ]cnX-ØnXnbnemWv AhÄ F s¶ ImWm³ h¶Xv. Rm³ Iaesb ln]vt\mss«kv sNbvXp. B Zyw AhÄ AXn\p hnt[bbmIm³ aSn¨p. ]n ¶oSv AhÄ icnçw Dd§n. Fsâ tNmZy§Ä ¡v Xr]vXnIcamb D¯c§ÄXs¶ In«n. sl«n CSbv¡nsS `qX_m[sb¸än ho«n ]dªncp ì. AXv IaebpsS Cfw a\kn ]Xnªp. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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AhfpsS ambm{`a§Äçw at\mtcmK¯n\pw Bcw`w AhnsS \n¶mWv. ]q¯fwtImhnen h¨p tI« IYIÄ AhfpsS a\kn ]pXnb aÞe§Ä Dm¡n. A§s\bmWv {iohÅn bpsS AhXmcamWv Xms\¶v AhÄ k¦ån ¡m³ CSbmbXv. CXv ‘{In]väkvXojy’ (Cryptaesthesia) F¶ at\mtcmK¯nsâ e£W§ fmsW¶v F\nç hyIvXambncpì. a\knse k¦å§sfÃmw bmYmÀ°amsW¶v C¯cw tcmKnIÄ hnizknçw. Fsâ \nÀt±i{]Imcw {]hÀ¯n¨t¸mÄ Ia ebpsS tcmKw amdn. CXpt]mse F{Xtbm ]mhs¸« IaeamÀ tZhnamcmbn AhnShnsS Bcm[n¡s¸Spì! AhcpsS tcmK¯nÂ\nìw apXseSp¯v ]Wapmç¶ sl«namcpw Ipd hÃ.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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19 {ioinhtbmKn _mealmcmPv ASp¯Ime¯v ChnsS ({ioe¦bnÂ) F¯nb C³Uy³ `Khm·mcn {]apJ³ _mwKvfqcnse {ioinhtbmKn _me almcmPv BWv. IpShb dpw kv{XoIfpsS kvX\§sf A\pkvacn¸nç ¶ hoÀ¯ amdpw XpSp¯ icochpapÅ Cu ` Khm³, _mc\mbsI CâÀ\mjW hnam \¯mhf¯n h¶nd§nbXv ]qÀW\Kv\\m bn«mWv. aämsc¦nepamWv C§s\ \S¶sX ¦n acymZsI« s]cpamä¯n\v DS\Sn Adkväp sN¿pambncpì. ]t£, kn²]Zhn e`n¨ Cu a\pjys\ hnhn[ {]mb¯nepÅ kv{Xoþ]pcp j·mÀ tNÀ¶v `IvXn\nÀ`cambn kzoIcn¨p `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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]qPn¨p. ]{X§fn Cu ‘Znhy’ ]pcpjs\¸än teJ\§fpw hmÀ¯Ifpw [mcmfambnhì. A´kpÅ ]{X§Ät]mepw At±l¯nsâ \Kv\Nn{X§Ä {]kn²oIcn¡m³ aSn¨nÃ. ‘kntem¬ sUbven andÀ’ F¶ ]{X¯n Cu `Khm\v kn² ]Zhn e`n¨sX§s\sb¶v hniZoIcn¨psImv Hcp teJ\w {]kn²oIcn ¨ncpì. AXnsâ Npcp¡w Xmsgs¡mSpçì: kXycmPp F¶mbncpì At±l¯nsâ t] cv. ]{´mas¯ hbknemWv At±l¯nsâ PohnX¯n ]cnhÀ¯\apmbXv. A¡me ¯v At±lw IpfnIgnªv ]qt´m«¯n IqSn hcpt¼mÄ cp ]\t´§IÄ hogp¶XpI p. Ip«n AXp Xnì¶Xn\pthn I¿nseSp ¯p. s]s«¶v B ]\t´§ s]m«n AXn\I ¯p \nìw Hcp enwKw (`Khm³ inhsâ P\ t\{µnbw) {]Xy£s¸«p. GXm\pw sk¡âp IÄ¡Iw AXv BdSn s]m¡apÅ a\pjy\m bn amdn. At±lw kXycmPphnt\mSv Ccn¡m³ ]dªp. Ip«n AX\pkcn¨p. At±lw Ah\p `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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th D]tZi§Ä \ÂIpIbpw X]kpsN ¿m³ \nÀt±inçIbpw sNbvXp. XpSÀ¶v ]{´ p hÀjw B Ip«n X]kpw [ym\hpambn Ign ªpIqSn. AXn\ptijamWv {ioinhtbmKn _mealmcmPv klPohnIsf c£n¡m³ tem I¯nte¡v Xncn¨ph¶Xv. bmsXmcp At\zjWhpw ]cntim[\bpw Iq SmsX hnUvVn¯w \ndª C¯csamcp Iån XIY {]kn²oIcn¡m³ Hcp {][m\]{Xw X bmdmbXv AZv`pXIcamWv. ]tXs¶ GXp sI«pIYbpw hnizknçhm³ Xbmdmbncnç ¶ hnizmkn¡v Hcp henb ]{X¯n A¨Sn ¨pIqSn Im `IvXnbpsS elcn hÀ²nça tÃm. B s]mXpP\ a\ximkv{Xw Adnbmhp¶ XpsImmWv `IvX·msc BIÀjn¡m³ XXz Zo£bnÃm¯ ]{X¡mÀ C¯cw IYIÄ {]kn ²oIcn¨ncnç¶Xv. kaql¯nsâ Xmsg¡nS bnepÅhsc BIÀjnç¶ ‘C¡nfn amknI’ IÄ {]kn²oIcn¨v ]Wapmç¶htc¡mÄ Cu IÅIYIÄ {]kn²oIcnç¶ ]{X¡mÀ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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H«pw ta·bpÅhcÃ, AhÀ F{X Ipeo\Xbpw kwkvImchpw AhImis¸«mepw. C\nbpw \ap¡v `Khms\ ]n´pScmw. At± l¯nsâ Znhykn²nIfpw {ioe¦bnse P\ §sf A\p{Klnç¶Xn\pthn kln¨ Xym K§fpw ]{X¡mÀ dnt¸mÀ«psNbvXXn ckIcamb Hcp hkvXpX ImWpIbpmbn. `IvXP \§fpsS B[nIyw sImv ZÀi\¯n\v ]Xvam k\¯n Ccp¶ `Khm\v hfsctbsd kabw Htcbncp¸nÂXs¶ Igntbnhì. AXpsIm v At±l¯nsâ Im achn¨pt]mbn. Fgp t¶Â¡m³t]mepw h¿msX Ahi\mb `Khm sâ Im kv{Xo]pcpj·mcmb `IvXP\§Ä Xncp½n NqSp]nSn¸n¨Xn\ptijamWv At±lw Fgpt¶äXv. Cu `Khmsâ kn²n F{Xam{Xw Ir{Xnaam sW¶v a\knem¡m³ Cu Hscmä kw`hw aXn. GXm\pw aWn¡qÀ kabw icoc¯nsâ Hcp `mKw A\¡msXh¨m BcpsS icoc¯nepw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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C¯cw achn¸pmIpw. AXp amäp¶Xn\v km[mcWbmbn sN¿p¶ Hcp NnInÕbmWv Xncp½Â. {ioinhtbmKn¡v Fs´¦nepw kn²n Ifpmbncps¶¦n Npcp§nb ]£w B Xncp½pNnInXvksb¦nepw Hgnhm¡mambncpì. ]t£, `IvX·mÀ `Khmsâ Cu IgnhptISv XymKambn«mWv hymJym\nç¶Xv. _p²nbpÅ a\pjyÀ hnZKv[amb ]cntim[ \IqSmsX Hcp Imcy¯nepw Xocpam\saSpç IbnÃ. aTb·mcpw `IvX·mcpw aSnb·mcpw tIÄç¶sXms¡ AtX]Sn hnizknçw.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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20 KwKmPehpw AZv`pX tcmKim´nbpw Rm³ XncphÃbn Xmaknç¶Ime¯v, G sX¦nepw ho«n Fs´¦nepw AkpJapm bm DSs\ a{´hmZnsb kao]nç¶ ]Xnhm Wv AhnsS Dmbncp¶Xv. AÔhnizmknI fmb Fsâ \m«pImÀ GsX¦nepw Xc¯nepÅ ‘hnip²ssXe’§tfm GekpItfm XoÀ°Pe tam IcpXnhbv¡m³ PmKcqIcmbncpì; ‘kÀh tcmKkwlmcn’Ifmbn«mWv Ah IcpXs¸«ncp ¶Xpw. ]pWyØeamb Imin (_\mdkv) k µÀin¨n«p hcp¶hÀ sImphcp¶ KwKmPew (XoÀ°w) BWv \mbÀ `h\§fn C§s\ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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kq£n¨ncp¶Xv. At´ymIybnÂ\nt¶m eqÀ Zn \nt¶m sImphcp¶ hnip²Pew {Inkv Xym\nIÄ CtX ]cnKW\tbmsS IcpXnh¨ncp ì. Im_m¡Ãn shÅw\nd¨ ]m{Xw ap«n¨v ]ca]cnip²am¡n lmPnIÄ sImph¶ncp ¶ ZnhyPew apkveow hoSpIfn IcpXnbncp ì. 1921 apX 1924 hsc Rm\pw Fsâ k tlmZc³ _l\m\pw (Atacn¡nse tb bqWnthgvknänbn A²ym]I\mbpw bps\ kvt¡mbpsS hnZym`ymk UbdIvSdmbpw tkh \w A\pjvTn¨ncp¶ tUm. _l\m³ tImhqÀ ASp¯ Ime¯v A´cn¨pþ hnhÀ¯I³) sIm¡¯ kÀhIemimebn hnZymÀ°nI fmbncpì. Fsâ P·\mSmb XncphÃbn \n ìw 1550 ssa AIsebmWv sIm¡¯. s{Sbn\n A©pZnhkw bm{X sNbvsX¦nte Aì sIm¡¯bn F¯m³ Ignbpambn cpìÅq. hfsc Zqsc, KwKbpsS Xoc¯pÅ Hcp \Kc¯nteç hnZym`ymk¯n\pthn c p Ip«nIÄ t]mhpIsb¶Xv Aì R§fp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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sS \m«pImsc kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw Akm [mcWamb Hcp kw`hambncpì. Zqchpw bm {Xbvç thnhcp¶ `mcn¨ ]Ws¨ehpw Imc Ww hÀj¯n Hcn¡Â, a²yth\ Ah[n ¡me¯pam{Xta R§Ä ho«n h¶ncpì Åq. Ah[n Ignªp sIm¡¯bnteç ]pd s¸Sp¶ kabs¯Ãmw BUw_c]qÀhamb bm{Xbb¸mWv R§Äç In«nbncp¶Xv. ]pd s¸Sp¶Xn\p Znhk§Äç ap¼pXs¶ F\n çw ktlmZc\pw hncpì Xcm³ R§fpsS Ab¡mÀ aXvkcamcw`nçw. PmXntbm aXtam hÀKtam A¡mcy¯n {]iv\ambncp¶n Ã. GXm\pw XpÅn XoÀ°Pesa¦nepw sIm psNì sImSp¡Wsa¶v \mbÀIpSpw_§ sfÃmw R§tfmSmhiys¸«p. ]cnip²amb Kw Kbn Ipfn¡m\pw A§s\ IqSpX {]b Xv\w IqSmsX tam£w t\Sm\pw _mey¯n Xs¶ kuIcyw In«nb R§Ä AhcpsS ZrjvSnbn henb `mKyhm·mcmbncpì. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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R§Ä bm{X Xncnç¶ Znhkw hoSpw apä hpw ]d¼pw Ab¡mcmb kv{Xo]pcpj·msc s¡mp \ndªncnçw. sXmgn¡mcpw IÀj Icpw sNdpInShkvXp DSaØ·mcpamb Ah scÃmw Hcp Znhks¯ tPmen Dt]£n¨n«mWv bm{X Abbv¡m³ IqSnbncp¶Xv. R§fpsS Ikn\pw IpSpw_ ]ptcmlnX\p amb dh: sI. ]n. tXmaknsâ {]mÀ°\bvçw A\p{Kl¯n\pw tijw A½bpsS \nÀt±i{] Imcw {]mbapÅ kv{Xo]pcpj·mcpsS Hmtcmcp ¯cpsSbpw ASp¯psNì Rm\pw _l\m\pw bm{XtNmZn¨p. R§fpsS Xebn ssIh¨v I®otcmsS AhÀ A\p{Kln¨p. Nne kv{Xo IÄ hnXp¼n Icªp. AXp It¸mÄ Ip«nI fmb R§Äçw Ic¨n hì. lrZbkv]À inbmb B thÀ]mSpcwKw bm{Xbv¡nSbnepw R§fpsS a\kn X§n\nÂçw. sIm¡ ¯bnse¯pt¼mÄ B \Kc¯nse hnhn[ ImgvNIfnepw tlmkväense _lfw \ndª A´co£¯nepw apgpIn hoSnt\bpw \m«pIm tcbpw an¡hmdpw R§Ä hnkvacnçIbmWv `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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]Xnhv. ASp¯ th\¡me¯v ho«nteç aS §mdmIpt¼mgmWv A¯cw Nn´ ]n¶oSp mIp¶Xv. ssIemk¯nÂ\nìw DZv`hnç¶ KwK 1500 ssatemfw ka Xe¯neqsS HgpIn _wKmÄ DÄ¡Sen ]Xnçì. sIm¡¯ Cu \Zn bpsS Xoc¯pÅ Hcp ]«WamWv. th\¡m e¯v lnameb]ÀhX¯nse aªpcpIpt¼mÄ Cu \Znbn shÅs¸m¡apmIpw. C§s\ th\¡me¯pw hÀjIme¯pw Pes¸cp¸ hpw Ips¯mgpçw DÅXpsImv KwKbnse shÅw an¡hmdpw Ie§nbncnçw. _wKmfnse Fsâ ZoÀLhmk¯n\pÅn Hcn¡Â am{Xta Rm³ KwKm\Znbn Ipfn¨n «pÅq. AXv B \Znbn Fsâ BZyt¯bpw Ahkm\t¯bpw Ipfnbmbncpì. At¸mgp mb sR«nç¶ Hc\p`hw Rm³ Ct¸mgpw \¶mbnt«mÀ½nçì. shůn ap§nbn«v s]m§pt¼mÄ shfp¯Xpw hgphgp¸pÅXpam b Hcp hkvXp Fsâ Xebn ap«n. Noªgp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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InbXpw ]IpXn ao³XnìIgnªXpamb Hcp a\pjyIcambncpì AXv. B A\p`hw Fs¶ tcmKnbm¡n. GXm\pw Znhkt¯¡v Blmcw Ign¡m³t]mepw F\nç IgnªnÃ. D¯tc´ybnse lnµp¡Ä AhcpsS {]nb s¸«hcpsS ihicoc§Ä aX]camb NS§pI tfmsS KwKbnse ‘hnip²’Pe¯n \nt£]n ç¶ ]Xnhv A¡me¯pmbncpì. X§fp sS ]tcX¡v tam£w C³jpÀ sN¿pIbmbncp ì AhÀ. Cu \ZnbpsS ASp¯p\n¶v hfsc Zqsc Xmakn¨ncp¶hÀ ihw Zln¸n¨p Nmcsa ¦nepw sImph¶v KwKbn CSm³ hy{KX ImWn¨ncpì. Ac Zim_vZwap¼v GXpkab ¯p t\m¡nbmepw NoªgpInb ihicoc §Ä Cu \ZnbneqsS HgpIp¶Xp ImWmambn cpì. \qdpIW¡n\v {Kma§fpw ]«W§fpw Cu alm\ZnbpsS CcpIcIfnepw DÅXpsIm v Znhkw{]Xn Bbnc¡W¡n\v ihicoc §ÄsImpXs¶ CXnse Pew aen\ambncp ì. F¶n«pw C³UybpsS hnhn[ `mK§fn \nìh¶ e£¡W¡n\p XoÀ°mSIÀ Cu `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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shůn IpfnçIbpw ]cnip² Pesa¶p hnizkn¨v AXv IpSnçIbpw sNbvXphì. Ipfnç¶ Ahkc¯n tZl¯n hìap«p ¶ ihicoc§Ä ssIsImv amän¡fªn«v `IvX·mÀ hopw AhnsS ap§p¶Xv IuXpI t¯msS Rm³ t\m¡n\n¶n«pv. Noª ih icoc§Ä kZm HgpIns¡mncnçìsh¦n epw sNdp¸w apX AÔhnizmk¯n Xg ¼n¨ AhÀ KwKmPew ]hn{XamsWì hniz knçì! Cu ‘hnip²’Pe¯n Ipfn¨t¸mgpmb A\p`h¯nÂ\n¶v Rm³ Hcp Xocpam\saSp ¯p. Fsâ \Ãhcmb Ab¡mÀ¡v CXn Hcp XpÅnt]mepw sImpsNì sImSpt¡ Xnà F¶v. ]t£, Ahsc \ncmis¸Sp¯mXn cn¡m³ Rm\pw _l\m\pw IqSn Hcp hnZy Ip]nSn¨p; InWänÂ\ns¶Sp¯ Ipd¨p ip² Pew XoÀ°PeamsWì ]dªv sImpt]m bn sImSp¡msa¶v.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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A¡me¯v XncphÃbv¡v Gähpw ASp¯ sdbnÂthkvtäj³ sIm«mc¡cbmbncpì. A hnsS Cd§n¡gnªmepSs\ shbnänwKv dqan IpSn¡m³ h¨ncp¶ shůnÂ\nìw cp Ip¸n R§Ä \nds¨Spçw. At¸mÄ apX AXv ‘XoÀ°Pe’ambn! sIm«mc¡c\nìw 56 ssa _knÂam{Xw bm{XsNbvXpthWambn cpì XncphÃbn F¯m³. A¡me¯v KXm KXw AhnsS tZikm¡cn¡s¸«ncp¶nÃ. \n ch[n kzImcy¡¼\nIÄ aXvkcn¨mWv _kv kÀhokv \S¯nbncp¶Xv. _kpIfnse tPmen ¡mÀ acymZbmbn«mWv bm{X¡mtcmSv s]cpam dnbncp¶sX¦nepw Kh¬saân\v ChcpsSta Imcyamb \nb{´W§Ä CÃmXncp¶XpsIm v _kpIÄ tXm¶nbkab¯v hcnIbpw t]mhpIbpw ss{UhÀ¡v tXmì¶ hgntb k ©cnçIbpw bm{X¡mÀ Bhiys¸Sp¶nS s¯Ãmw \ndp¯pIbpw sNbvXncpì. sIm«mc ¡c sdbnÂth kvtäj\n \nìw ‘Bfp ]nSnç’¶Xn\pthn hnhn[ _kpIfnse I IvSÀamcpw ¢o\Àamcpw henb aXvkcamWv `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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\S¯nbncp¶Xv. ImWp¶ etKPpIsfÃmw F Sp¯v X§fpsS hnbpsS apIfn IbäpI bmbncpì AXn\v AhÀ kzoIcn¨ncp¶ Hcp \S]Sn. etKPpIÄ Hcp hnbpsS apIfn I bänbm kzm`mhnIambn AXnsâ DSaØ\pw B hnbn IbdpatÃm? Xncç]nSn¨v R §fpsS sI«pIÄ hen¨p Ibäpt¼m-Ä Rm³ ]dªp: “AXn\I¯v cpIp¸n XoÀ°Peapv. A Xp IfbmsX kq£n¡tW.” XoÀ°Pew F¶ i_vZwtI«t¸mÄ I¬U IvSÀamcptSbpw klbm{XnIcptSbpw `mhw am dn. hfsc `b`IvXn]qÀhamWv AhÀ B sI«p IÄ ssIImcyw sNbvXXv. ss{UhdpsS ASp ¯v {]tXyIw koäpX¶v AhÀ R§sf _lp am\n¨p. _kv XncphÃbnse¯nbt¸mÄ km[m cW hgnhn«v cpssatemfw ]SnªmdpÅ tImhqÀ `h\¯nte¡v AhÀ _kv Xncn¨p hn«p. hoSnsâ ap¼n etKPpIÄ Cd¡nh¨n«v ss{UhÀ cp sNdnb Ip¸nIÄ sImph¶v GXm\pw XpÅn XoÀ°Pew AbmÄçw I¬ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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UIvSÀçw sImSp¡Wsa¶v At]£n¨p. sIm «mc¡c sdbnÂth kvtäj\nÂ\n¶v R§Ä tiJcn¨ B ‘XoÀ°Pe’¯n GXm\pw Xp Ån In«nbt¸mÄ AhÀçmb kt´mjw hÀW\mXoXambncpì. {InkvXpaX `IvXbmb A½bpsS ssIbn B cp Ip¸n ‘XoÀ°’hpw R§Ä sImSp¯p. A`nam\]qÀhw R§fpsS Ab¡mcmb \m b·mÀ¡v A½ AXp hnXcWw sNbvXp. 1942þ kvt\lk¼¶bmb A½ acnç¶Xp hsc B XoÀ°¯nsâ clkyw AhÀ Adn ªncp¶nÃ. R§Ä \m«nse¯n cp Znhk ¯n\Iw Ab¡mscÃmw ho«nse¯n R§ sf A\ptamZnçIbpw ‘XoÀ°’¯n Ahch cpsS ]¦p]äpIbpw sNbvXp. ASp¯ a²yth\ Ah[n¡me¯pw Cu kw`hw BhÀ¯n¡s¸«p. A§s\ XpSÀ¨ bmbn \mep hÀj¡mew sIm«mc¡c sdbn th kvtäj\nse shÅwsImv R§Ä A½ tbbpw Ab¡mscbpw ]än¨p. ]t£, Hmtcm `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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{]mhiyhpw ap¼p R§Ä sImSp¯ ‘XoÀ°w’ aqeapmb AZv`pXtcmKim´nIfpsS IY A b¡mÀ ]dªncpì. “Ignª cp hÀjambn R§Ä¡v bm sXmcp sshZyklmbhpw tXtSnh¶n«nÃ.” þ]p¯qÀ cma³\mbÀ ]dªp. “Ignª G {]n amk¯n ]e {]mhiyw Fsâ A½ bvç hbänf¡apmbn. Hcp kv]q¬ tX\n cpXpÅn XoÀ°w tNÀ¯v sImSp¯tXbp Åq. aqì aWn¡qdn\Iw B AkpJw amdn.” Inf¶]d¼n e£vanb½bpsS C§s\bmbncpì:
km£yw
“Fsâ aIÄç PetZmjtam ]\ntbm D mbm Rm\pSs\ Hcp XpÅn XoÀ°w sIm Spçw. DSs\ AXp amdpIbpw sN¿pw. aqì hÀjw ap¼v Hcp {]mhiyw KÀ`w Aeknt¸m bXns\¯pSÀ¶v IqsS¡qsS F\nç XethZ \ hcnI ]Xnhmbncpì. Xe thZ\ XpS§p t¼mÄ Hcp XpÅn XoÀ°w s\änbn sXm«m aXn, AXpSs\ amdpw. AYhm XethZ\ amdn `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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bnsÃ-¦n Xs¶ AXv XmcXtay\ \nkmcam bncnçIbpw sN¿pw.” cp {]kh§Ä¡v hfsc hnjant¡nh ¶ sh«pthen ]mdpç«n¡v aq¶mas¯ {]k h¯n\p bmsXmcp AcnjvSXbpw Dmbnà s{X! {]khthZ\ Bcw`n¨t¸mÄ cp XpÅn XoÀ°w Ign¨XmWv AXn\p ImcWsa¶v A hÀ hnizknçì. Hen{]m¡m« \mcmbWçdp¸v XoÀ°¯nsâ iIvXn sXfnbnç¶Xn\v Hcp ‘KthjWw’ \S ¯nt\m¡n. At±l¯nsâ tXm«¯n cv H «pamhn³ ssXIÄ Dmbncpì. HtcXc¯n epw {]mb¯nepw s]« B ssXamhpIÄ th \¡me¯v Hcpt]mse At±lw shÅsamgn ¨p. ]t£, Hcn¡Â GXm\pw XpÅn XoÀ° tNÀ¯ shÅw AXn Hsc®¯nsâ Nph «n Hgn¨p. ]q¡mew h¶t¸mÄ XoÀ°Pew e`n¨ amhv ]q-çIbpw atä amhv XfnÀçIbpw sNbvXp!
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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Nwt{Im¯p ]m¨p]nÅ Hcp kv]q¬ XoÀ °wPew InWän Hgn¨v IpSpw_s¯ apgph³ tcmKhnapIvXam¡n. XoÀ°Pew InWän Hgn ¨Xn\ptijw B ho«n tcmKta Dmbn«nÃ! IqSpX XoÀ°Pe¯n\v Bhiys¸Sp¶ tXmsSm¸w C¯cw \nch[n IYIÄ R§fpsS Ab¡mÀ ]dªncpì. XoÀ°Pe¯nsâ AZv`pX iIvXnbnepÅ hn izmkw hfsc {]mNo\amWv. PohnX¯nsâ hn hn[ XpdIfnepw {]hÀ¯n¨ncp¶ a\pjysc Ãmw Xs¶ hnip² hkvXp¡fnepw hyIvXnIfn epw Øe§fnepw \à kab§fnepw hnizkn ¨ncpì. a\ximkv{X]camb BXva{]t_m[\w sImpÅ {]tbmP\aÃmsX asäs´¦nepw Kp Ww Cu hnizmkwsImv AhÀçmbXm bn sXfnhnÃ. ln]vt\m«nIv \nÀt±i§Ä sIm s¶t]mse CXpsImv KpW§fpw Dm Ipw. C¯cw AÔhnizmk§fmWv ]etcbpw {`m´meb¯n F¯nç¶Xv. Cuizc\n hn izknç¶hÀ `oXnsImv a\xiIvXn \in¸n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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çsaìÅXv XoÀ¨bmWv. £Whnizmkioe cpw ZpÀ_ea\kvIcpamb BfpIsf kw_ Ôn¨nSt¯mfw AXp ]ehn[ Rc¼ptcmK §Äçw ImcWamIpsa¶v a\ximkv{Xw sXfn bn¨n«pv. Fsâ ASp¯ph¶n«pÅ At\Iw at\mtcmKnIfpsS ØnXnhnhc¡WçIÄ ] cntim[n¨Xn \nìw AÔhnizmkw IqSpX epÅ kapZmb¯n s]«hcmWv IqSpX at\mtcmKnIfpw F¶v F\n¡v a\knemç hm³ Ignªn«pv. s]¬Ip«nIÄç IqSpX hnZym`ymkw \ÂIpIbpw AhcpsS ASna¯ ØnXn amäpIbpw sN¿p¶tXmsS kv{XoIfp sSbnSbnepw am\knItcmK§Ä Ipdbpw. kntemWn hnZym`ymk hIp¸nsâ Ct¸mg s¯ sU]yq«n UbdIvSÀ Pm^v\m sk³{S tImtfPn ]Tn¸n¨psImncp¶ Ime¯v Rm \pw AhnsS A²ym]I\mbncpì. kväm^v dqan encp¶ IqPbnÂ\nìw Hcp Znhkw At±lw shÅwIpSn¨p. GXm\pw aWn¡qdpIÄç ti jw asämcp A²ym]I³ B IqPbn ti jn¨ncp¶ shÅw Sw_vfdnte¡v ]Icpt¼mÄ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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AXn N¯ Hcp ]m¼pmbncpì. CXp tI« t¸mÄ aWn¡qdpIÄçap¼v shÅw IpSn¨ bmÄ s]s«ì tcmKnbmbn. At±lw XpSÀ¨ bmbn OÀ±n¡m³ XpS§n. B tai¸pd¯ncp ¶ asämcp IqPbn \n¶mWv At±lw shÅw IpSn¨sXì R§Ä ]d-ªp t_m[ys¸Sp¯n bt¸mgmWv OÀ±n \n¶Xv. hmkvXh¯n ]m ¼p N¯pInS¶ IqPbnÂ\nì Xs¶bmWv At±lw shÅw IpSn¨Xv. cp aqì aWn ¡qtdmfw At±lw hnhcw Adnªncp¶nÃ; OÀ±n¨panÃ. Xm³ IpSn¨Xv B Agp¡pshÅ amsW¶dnªt¸mÄ XpS§n OÀ±n. AXv asämcp IqPbnÂ\n¶msW¶dnªt¸mÄ \n çIbpw sNbvXp. HcmÄ am\knIambn F§ s\ tcmKnbmIpìshìw AXnÂ\n¶v F{] Imcw apIvXn t\Spìshìw CXnÂ\n¶v hyIv XamIpì. at\m`oXnbn \nìmbXà tcmK sa¦n hnizmkwsImv AXp t`Zs¸Spsaì IcpXp¶Xv icnbÃ. sIm«mc¡c sdbnÂth kvtäj\nÂ\ns¶Sp¯ shÅw hmkvXh¯n bmsXmcp AZv`pXhpw {]hÀ¯n¨nÃ. sNdp¸w `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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apXÂXs¶ XoÀ°¯nsâ iIvXnsb¸än tI«p t]m¶ AÔhnizmknIfmb Fsâ Ab ¡mÀ AhcdnbmsXXs¶ \nkmchpw bmZrNv OnIhpamb Nne kw`h§Ä¡v AÔhnizmk §Ä¡\pkrXamb cq]w \ÂInsbì am{Xw. _en, XoÀ°bm{X, ]qP, {]mÀ°\, A\p{K lw, {hXw, t\m¼v, AÀ¸Ww, eqÀZv Pew, XoÀ °w, {]kmZw, amt½mZok, IqZmi, hnip² ssXew, `kvaw, bÚw XpS§nbhsImv D mIpì Fì]dbp¶ tcmKhnapIvXnIsf Ãmw bmYmÀ°yhpambn _ÔanÃm¯ tXm¶ epIÄ am{XamWv. a{´w, ZpxiIp\w, aplqÀ ¯w, IWn, PmXIw, Icn\m¡v. Icn¦®v, Iq tSm{Xw XpS§nbhbpw hnUvVnIÄ¡ÃmsX Hcp¯Àçw D]ImcaÃ. IemimemhnZym`ymktam {]Xn`miIvXntbm HcmfpsS Nn´miIvXnbpsS am\ZÞambn I W¡m¡m³ \nhr¯nbnÃ. hfsc DbÀ¶ hn Zym`ymk tbmKyXbpw \à \nebpw DÅhcn ]ecpw bmsXmcp Nn´miIvXnbpanÃm¯hsc `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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t¸mse a{´hmZw t]mepÅ AÔhnizmk§ sf icWw{]m]nç¶Xmbn ImWs¸Spì. bp IvXn]qÀhw Nn´n¡m³ IgnhpÅhÀç am{X ta A¯cw Imcy§fnÂ\n¶v Hgnªp\n ¡m³ IgnbpIbpÅq. hnZym`ymktbmKyXbpw \nebpw F´mbmepw AÔhnizmk§fpsS ]pdtI t]mIp¶hscÃmw am\knIambn AÔ X _m[n¨hcmWv. ‘D¯akm[p’ F¶v kzbw hnfnç¶ Hcp Un. kn. hnPvams\ AbmfpsS ZnhyiIvXnsIm p ]ecptSbpw tcmKw AZv`pXIcamb hn[ ¯n t`Zs¸Sp¯nbXmbn kntemWnse hÀ ¯am\ ]{X§fn ASp¯ Ime¯v [mcmfw hmÀ¯IÄ hcnIbpmbn. Cu a\pjysâ Zn hyiIvXnsImp tcmKw t`Zs¸Sp¯m³ sN¶ hcn HcmÄ kntemWnse Hcp Im_n\äv a{´n bmWv. £Whnizmkioe\mb Cu a{´nç mb tcmKim´n A\p`hw sIm«mc¡c sd bnÂth kvtäj\nse shÅwsImv Dmbn Fì ]dbs¸Sp¶ tcmKim´ntb¡mÄ H«pw sa¨aÃ. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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21 ]mWvUh]pcs¯ AZv`pX_me³ kmbn_m_bpambn _Ôs¸« Hcp IYbmWv ]mÞh]pcs¯ Inän F¶ _metâXv. Inän ¡v F«pamkw {]mbapÅt¸mÄ Ahsâ sXm«n en hnip²`kvaw {]Xy£s¸«p F¶mWv BZyw tI«IY. amXm]nXm¡·mÀXs¶bmWv Cu AZv`pXIY {]Ncn¸n¨Xv. Ipsd Ignª t¸mÄ iq\yXbnÂ\n¶pw `kvaw, ]g§Ä XpS §nbh Ah³ \nÀ½nçhm³ XpS§nbs{X. ]n¶oSv Ah³ kmbn_m-_bpsS t^mt«mbpw, `kvahpw Dm¡n hnXcWw sNbvXphì. kmbn_m_s¡¶Xpt]mse Inän¡pw \nc h[n Bcm[Icpmbn. AXn Hcmfmb tUm IvSÀ Pn. sh¦n«dmhp Fsâ `mcX ]cyS\ thf `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bn Fs¶ shÃphnfn¨p, ZnhymZv`pXkn²nIÄ sXfnbn¡msa¶v. F¦n Hcpe£w cq] sImSp ¡msa¶v Rm³ k½Xn¨p. Bbncw cq] sI«n h¨v {]mYanI ]co£W¯n\v XbmdmIm³ Rm³ Bhiys¸«p. ap{Zh¨ Ihdn\I¯ncn ç¶ Id³knt\m«nsâ \¼À sXän¡msX ]dbWsa¶mbncpì Fsâ \nÀt±iw. tUm. dmhp 1975 sk]väw_À 24þmw XobXn Ab¨ I¯n kmbnIrjvWbpsS AZv`pX§ sf hniZoIcn¨psImsgpXn: “Fsâ AXv`pX _me³ hnip²`kvahpw Ip¦pahpw tX\pw kz´w icoc¯nÂ\nì han¸nçI am{XaÃ, koepsNbvX Id³kn t\m«nsâ {Ia\¼À hmbnçIbpw sN¿pw. AXhs\mcp km[mc W kwKXn am{XamWv. \n§Ä B AZv`pXw ImWpt¼mÄ kwXr]vX\mbn¯ocpw. \n§fp sS Hcpe£w cq]bpsS ‘shSn XocpI’bpw sN ¿pw. \n§Ä A´ÀtZiob _lpaXnçthn {iançIbmsWì Rm³ Ip«ntbmSp ]dbpI bpmbn. AXns\¸än Ip«n {]hNn¨Xv \n§Ä ¡nXphscbpÅ P\§fpsS _lpaXn \jvS `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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s¸Spsa¶mWv. \n§Ä ‘hnfhv thKw sIm ¿pw.’” shÃphnfn kzoIcn¡eneqsS tUm. dmhp t\SnbXv h³]ckyamWv. e£¡W¡n\v A ÔhnizmknIÄ ]pXnb AhXmc¯nsâ A\p {Kl¯n\mbn ]mÞh]pct¯ç XoÀ°bm {X \S¯n. F´mbmepw C³Uybnse ]{X{] hÀ¯IÀ AhXmcs¯¸än kwibmep¡fmbn cpì. Hcp henb Im]Sy¯nsâ {]IS\ IkÀ ¯mbn Nne ]{X{]hÀ¯IÀ CXns\ ]cnK Wn¨p. Hcp {]mYanI ]co£Ww \S¯phm³thn Fsâ {]Xn\n[nbmb, IÀWmSI bpIvXnhmZn kwLw A²y£³ s{]m^. F. Fw. [À½ enwKw GXm\pw ]{X{]hÀ¯IscbpwIq«n tUm. dmhphns\ kao]nçIbpmbn. \nt£ ]n¨ncp¶ Bbncw cq]m IpsI«m\\phZn¨p sImv B bmZrNvOnI IqSn¡mgvN tUm. dmhp HgnhmçIbmWpmbXv. ‘tUm. dmhp BcmsW¶dnbpI t]mepanÃ’ Fì ]dªp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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sImv aIsâ ZnhyiIvXn Fì ]dbp¶Xv ]co£n¡m³ Ahsâ ANvO³ tk«¸bpw A\phZn¨nÃ. tk«¸ ]dªp, tImhqcnsâ Hcp e£w F\nç th Fì ]dbphm³ Fsâ aI³ Ft¶mSmhiys¸«ncn¡bmWv. tImhqcn\p ]Ww Fs´¦nepw Bhiyaps ¦nÂ, At±l¯nÂ\nì Xs¶ AXp \nÀ½n ¡m³ X\nç Ignbpsa¶p ]dtªs¡ì ]d ªn«pv.” A§s\ Bbncw cq]bvçIqSn ]W¡mc \mbn Rm³ C³Uybn \nì aS§n. ]{´ psImÃ§Ä ]g¡apÅ Fsâ shÃphnfnaq ew Hscmä ss]kt]mepw F\nç \jvSw h¶n «nÃ. AZv`pX§tfbpw Aam\pjnI iIvXnItf bpw Ipdn¨v At\zjWw \S¯phm³ _mwKv fqÀ bqWnthgvknän \ntbmKn¨ I½nän, hn`qXn _mes\ sXmn klnXw ]nSnIqSpIbpw sN bvXp.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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I½nän ]pds¸Sphn¨ ]{Xkt½f\¯nÂ, _me³ iq\yXbn \nìw \nÀ½n¡m³ Im ¯ph¨ncp¶ `kvaw Acs¡«nÂ\nìw Hfn¨p h¨ \nebn IsSp¯Xmbn {]Jym]n¨p. a\ximkv{XÚ·mcmb tUm._n. Ip¸pkzm an, tUm.anknkv hnt\mZv F³. aqÀ¯n, Fgp ¯pImcnbpw tUmIvSdpamb anknkv A\p]a \ncRvP\ XpS§nbhcS§nb kwLw kn²n IÄ ImWm\mbn hn`qXn_mesâ `P\kwL ¯n Hcp Znhkw kq{X¯n tNcpIbmWp mbXv. `P\ \SìsImncpì. AZv`pX§Ä kw`hn¨nÃ. hn`qXn_me\v hbdnsâ `mK¯v HckzØX. CXpI anknkv aqÀ¯n s]s«¶v _mesâ _\nb³ hen¨qcn. `kva{]fbw! ]mÞh]pcs¯ kXykmbnssk¯n A²y £³ kn. Xn½¿ (_n.Un.H.), sshkvNm³keÀ tUm. \cknwl¿mbv¡v bqWnthgvknän Sow ]mÞh]pc¯ph¶ hymgmgvN AZv`pX§Ä \S¶nà Fs¶gpXnbXv hn`qXn_mesâ Imcy §Ä IqSpX hjfm¡n. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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“R§Ä apdnbn ISì”þB aq¶v A t\zjIÀ ]dªp. “th Øm\§fn aqì t]cpw Ccpì. Aknkväâv cPnkv{SmÀ Pn. Pn. inh]pcnsâ ASp¯v A½bpw ‘_me\pw’ cmbn«mWncp¶Xv. inh]pÀ AhcpsS ]cnN b¡mc\pw adm¯n kwkmcnç¶h\pamWv. Ip«n Dd§n XpS§n. A½ ]dªp: ‘Ip«n inh ]pcnsâ aSnbn InSìsImÅpw.’ R§sf IqSmsX BgvN `P\kwLaS¡w ]¯p]Xn aqì t]cmWv AI¯pmbncp¶Xv. `P\ Hcp aWn¡qtdmfw \op\nì. _me³ KmV\n{Z bnembncp¶nÃ. Ipsdtbsd t\ct¯¡v Hìw kw`hn¨nÃ. Ft¸mÄ AZv`pXw kw`hnçsa¶v A½tbmSv tNmZn¨t¸mÄ Znhk¯nsem¶v XoÀ ¨bmbpw kw`hnçsa¶mbncpì adp]Sn. “A½ ]dªp: ‘Rm\mWv Ip«nbpsS tZl ¯v `kvaanSp¶sXs¶mcp Zpjv{]NcWw \S ç¶pv. AXpsImv Ip«n Fsâ ASp¯n cnt¡ F¶ Imcy¯n Rm³ \njvIÀj ImWn¨p hcnIbmWv.’ Ip«nsb A½bpsS ASp `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¯p\nì amänbmepw AZv`pXw kw`hnçsa¶v AhÀ¡v A{X hnizmkapmbncpì. “A½ ]dªpsImSp¯X\pkcn¨v _me³ ‘kzåwIqSn Ignbs«’ Fì ]dbphm³ XpS§n. A½ ]dªp, Ip«n Nne {]hN\§fpw \S ¯psa¶v. “{io ]pÞmenI ‘Rms\t¸mÄ hnhmlnX \mIpw’ Fì tNmZn¨t¸mÄ ‘20 Znhk¯n\p tijw’ Fì adp]Sn In«n. C¯csamcp adp ]Sn Xs¶ kwL¯nse asämcmtfmSpw ]d ªp. F¶m AhÀ cpt]cpw hnhmlnXcm bncpì. `P\bvç tijw AZv`pX§sfmìw kw`hn¡msX ]cn]mSn Ahkm\n¨p. “inh]pÀ Ip«nsb aSnbnÂ\nì Xmsg InS¯nbn«v hmXnen\Sp¯p sNì\nì. tUm. hnt\mZv aqÀ¯n A½sb {i²n¨psImp Xs¶ At±ls¯ ]n´pSÀì. B kv{Xo _m esâ Acªm¬ NcSv Ab¨p sImSp¡m³ {ian¨psImncnçIbmbncpì. _me\pw A tX {ia¯n ssIIÄ _\nb¶I¯n«ncpì. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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{ian¨psImncns¡¯s¶ `kvaw \ne¯pho Wp. Acªm¬ NcSpIqSmsX asämcp NcSpw Xq§n¡nS¶ncp¶Xmbn Ip. B NcSpsIm mWv `kvaw shfnÂt]mImsX sI«nbncp¶ sX¶v hyIvXambn. “CXphsc dnt¸mÀ«p sN¿s¸«ncp¶Xv `kvaw XebnemWv {]Xy£s¸Sp¶Xv F¶mbncpì. ]t£, kw`hn¨Xv Acs¡«n \n¶mWv. Cu \pWpçhnZy Ip]nSn¡s¸«t¸mÄ kzm`mhn Iambn _lfhpw NqSp]nSn¨ hmZ{]XnhmZhp apmbn. R§Ä bqWnthgvknän C³shkvän tKj³ I½nän AwK§fmsW¶v ]dªt¸mÄ AhÀ hÃmsX kvXw`n¨pt]mbn.” GXmbmepw AtXmsS ]mÞh]pcs¯ _m esâ AZv`pX§Ä¡v XncioehoWp.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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22 {]Xy£c£mssZh k`bpsS ]pXnb ssZhw [À½¯n\p ¥m\n kw`hnçt¼mÄ AXp Øm ]nç¶Xn\p thn almhnjvWp bpKwtXmdpw AhXcnçsa¶v `KhXvKoXbn ]dªn«pv. {iocma\pw {ioIrjvW\pw ]cipcma\psam s¡ A§s\ ‘[À½kwØm]\mÀ°w’ AhX cn¨XmsW¶mWv hnizkn¡s¸Sp¶Xv. \mcmb WKpcp, KmÔnPn XpS§nb alm·mcpw AhXm c§fmbncps¶¶v Øm]n¡m³ ASp¯Ime ¯v NneÀ {iaamcw`n¨n«pv. AXpt]mse 1969þ A´cn¨ Hcp a\pjy\pw AhXmcambn amdnbncnçì. s]mbvIbn ]n. sP. t_-_n `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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bmWv A§s\ AhXmcambn DbÀ¯s¸« ]pXnb BÄ. khÀWta[mhnXz¯nsâ Iogn AaÀì InS¶ tIcf¯nse ]nt¶m¡hn`mK¡msc kwLSn¸n¨v, AhXmc§Äçthn hmZn ¡m³ ]Tn¸n¨ Hcp hn]vfhImcnbmbncpì s]mbvIbn tbml¶m³. ]dbkapZmb¯n P\n¨ B a\pjy³ anjWdnamcpsS {]tem`\ §fn BIrjvS\mbn BZyw {InkvXpaX ¯n tNÀì. Hcp \à kphntij {]kwK I³ F¶ t]cp k¼mZn¨ tbml¶m³ anjW dnamÀ \ÂIp¶ i¼fw hm§n¨psImv F§ s\bpw Pohn¨m aXnsbì IcpXnbnÃ. {Inkv XpaX¯n tNÀ¶mepw ]db\pw ]peb\pw bmsXmcp sa¨hpw In«p¶nsöv At±lw I p. aX¯n tNcp¶ ]peb³ ‘a¯mbn¸p eb\pw’ ]db³ ‘Nmt¡m]db\pw’ am{Xam sWì a\knem¡nbt¸mÄ B A\oXns¡Xn cmbpw At±lw i_vZn¡m³ XpS§n. AZriy \mb ssZhs¯ ]qPnç¶Xn t`Zw {]Xy £¯n c£\ÂIp¶hsc ]qPnçIbmsW `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¶v At±lw hmZn¨p. ‘{]Xy£c£m ssZhk`’ Fs¶mcp ]pXnb aXwXs¶ At±lw Dm¡n. ]dbÀ, ]pebÀ, I½mfÀ, {InkvXym\nIÄ F ¶n§s\ ]ecpw B aX¯n tNÀì. Xncp hÃbv¡Sp¯pÅ Cchnt]cqcpw N§\mticn ç IngçÅ Aacnbnepw aäpw At±lw K h¬saân \nìw Øew ]Xn¸n¨v A[xIr XtImf\nIÄ Øm]n¨p. ]«nIPmXn¡mcpsS D¶a\¯n\pthn A£oWw bXv\n¨ s]mbv Ibn tbml¶msâ (Ipamc³) aX¯n G Xmv A©pe£t¯mfw BfpIÄ Dmbn cpì. At±l¯nsâ acW¯n\p tijw Cu k` cmbn ]ncnªp. Ipamcsâ ZznXob]Xv\n Pm\½bpsS t\XrXz¯n Hcp hn`mKw Cchn t]cqÀ tI{µam¡n Ct¸mgpw {]hÀ¯nçì. s]mbvIbn Ipamcsâ arXtZlw XSnsIm p \nÀ½n¨ Hcp t]SI¯n kq£n¨ncnç ¶Xv ImWmw. AXv Hcp ZnhyhkvXphmbn A hÀ IW¡mçì.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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s]mbvIbn tbml¶msâ ]p{X³ t__n 1969 P\phcn 22þmw XobXn A´cn¨p. B hnh cw Adnbn¨psImb¨ ImÀUv AtX ]Sn Xm sg tNÀçì: “{]Xy£c£mssZhk`bpsS (]n.BÀ.Un. Fkv.) Øm]I³ {_lva{io IpamcKpcptZh³ s]mbvIbn tbml¶m³, {]knUâv hn. Pm\ ½ F¶nhcpsS koa´]p{X³ BNmcyKpcp {_lva{io ]n. sP. t__n Xncpta\n (ap¯p kzman) 1969 P\phcn 22þmw XobXn _p[\mgvN sshIn«v 8.30 \v 43þmas¯ Xncphbkn Znhw KX\mb hnhcw AdnªncnçatÃm. “Xncpicocw hnip²aÞ]¯n\pkao]w {] tXyIw kÖoIcn¨ncnç¶ Øm\¯p I®m Snt¸SI¯n kq£n¡s¸Sp¶ IÀ½w 1969 P\phcn 31þmw XobXn shÅnbmgvN ]I 3.30 \v \nÀhlnç¶XmWv. {]kvXpX NS§n Xm ¦fpsS km¶n²yw £Wn¨psImÅpì. F¶v hnt[b³,
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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{ioaXn hn. Pm\½ ({]knUâv, ]n. BÀ. Un. Fkv.), {io ]n. tZhcmPv, {io ]n. sP. X¦¸³ (No^v FUnäÀ ‘BZnbÀZo]w’), {io ]n. BÀ. Fw. IpamÀ (P. sk{I«dn, ]n. BÀ. Un. Fkv.).” CXn ASnhcbn«ncnç¶Xv teJI\mWv. km[mcW¡mc\mb t__nsb ‘Xncpta\n’bm ¡nbXpw At±l¯nsâ ‘Xncpicocw hnip² aÞ]¯n\p kao]w {]tXyIw kÖoIcn¨n cnç¶ Øm\¯v I®mSnt¸SI¯n kq£n ¡s¸Sp¶Xpw’ F´n\mWmthm? Hcp km[mc W a\pjy\mb t__ntbmSv CXp thWam bncpt¶m? AXpw Cu imkv{XbpK¯nÂ! temI¯nse At\Imbncw aX§fpsS Iq« ¯n Hcp A[xIrXaXwIqSn Dmbncnçì. ap¼v A[xIrXsc GXp aXw ASnaIfm¡n amänbncpt¶m, AtX aX¯nsâ ]cnjv¡cn¨ ]Xn¸mWv {]Xy£c£mssZhk`bpw. tIcf ¯nse A[xIrXsc IpSp¡nem¡m³thn
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Dm¡nb asämcp Nne´nhe Fì am{Xta Cu aXs¯bpw IW¡m¡m³ Ignbq.
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23 `£Ww Ign¡m¯ s{]mZpäqÀ kn²³ a\pjysc ]än¨v ]Ww]nSp§m³ \Sç¶hcm Wv kn²·mcpw a{´hmZnIfpw ]ptcmlnX·m cpw. sNdnb amPnçIÄsImtm kq{X§Ä sImtm AhÀ ]et¸mgpw _lpP\{i²bm IÀjnçw. GXm\pw hÀjw ap¼v C¯c¯n s]« ssakqÀImc\mb kzman \mcmbW Zmkv Nne kq{X§fpambn s{]mZpäqcn sNì. `£ Ww IgnçItbm aeaq{X hnkÀÖ\w \S¯p Itbm sN¿m¯ HcZv`pX a\pjy\msW¶v C bmÄ AhImis¸«ncpì. ]{X§sfÃmw \mcm bWZmknsâ Znhykn²nIsfçdns¨gpXn. Cu a\pjy³ ]dbp¶Xp IÅamsWìw, Asà ¦n HcmgvN ]co£Whnt[b\mIWsaìw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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AhnSs¯ bpIvXnhmZnIÄ t\m«okv Cd¡n. CXv hÃm¯ H¨¸mSpm¡n. kzman Bcpadn bmsX Øewhn«p. Ipsd \mfpIÄçtijw Cu a\pjy³ asäm cp X{´hpambn AhnsSsb¯n. cmae£vaW ·mcpsS Hmtcm hn{Klw AbmfpsS I¿nepm bncpì. Ahbv¡v lrZbkv]µ\w Ds¶v kzman \mcmbWZmkv AhImis¸«p. Nne tUmIvSÀamÀ kvsäXkvtIm¸ph¨p ]cntim[n¨ t¸mgpw {]XnabpsS lrZbanSn¸p hyIvXam bs{X! GXmbmepw CXp ]cntim[\mhnt[b am¡m³ bpIvXnhmZnIÄ \nivNbn¨p. Xncsª Sp¡s¸« GXm\pw bphm¡fpambn AhÀ Ø es¯¯n. Iq«¯n Hcp tUmIvSdpapmbn cpì. ]t£, Aì cm{Xn \mcmbWZmkv Ø ew hn«p. AbmfpsS injy·mÀ kzman Ipfn ¡m³ t]mbncnçIbmsWì ]dªp. Ipsd Ignªn«pw ImWmsXh¶t¸mÄ Hcp Imdn AhÀ Abmsf ]n´pSÀì. Hcp `IvXsâ ho«nÂh¨v \mcmbWZmkns\ Ip. hn{Klw ]cntim[nçhm³ A\phmZw XcWsa¶v `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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AhÀ Bhiys¸«p. {_mlvaWÀç am{Xta hn{Kl¯nsâ lrZbkv]µ\w tIÄ¡m³ Ign bq F¶mbn AbmÄ. ap¼v \mcmbWZmkv {] kn²oIcn¨ Hcp eLpteJbnÂ\nìw hyXy kvXamb Cu \ne]mSv h©\bmsWì ImWn ¨v AhÀ t]meokn ]cmXns¸«p. k_v C³ kvs]IvSÀ Abmsf Adkväp sNbvXp. t]meoknsâ ap¼n AbmÄ Ipäw k½ Xn¨p. CXpt]mse asämcmÄ k´m\hchpambn AhnsS {]Xy£s¸«p. tX§mbÚw \S¯n hÔyIÄç \ÂIpIbmbncpì AbmfpsS ]cn]mSn. a¡fnÃm¯ Nne [\mVy·mÀ Bbn c¡W¡n\p ]WwsImSp¯p. tX§m Ign¨ kv{XoIfn Bsc¦nepw KÀ`nWnbmIp¶Xph sc kzmantbmSv ØewhnScpsX¶v bpIvXnhm ZnIÄ tbmKwIqSn Bhiys¸«p. ]Ww sImSp ¯ [\mVy·mcpsS Xmåcyhpw AXmbncpì. ]t£, HcmgvNbv¡Iw AbmÄ Hfn¨pt]mbn. bpIvXnhmZnIÄ t]mbn Abmsf ]nSn¨psIm phì t]meokn Fån¨p. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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24 ]pXnsbmcp aXØm]I³ Cu \qämn Hcp ]pXnb aXw DmhpI tbm? kwibnt¡. Atacn¡³ sFIy\mSp Ifn Hcp ]pXnb aXw Øm]n¡s¸«ncn çì. AXnsâ ktµihmlIÀ temIsa§pw k©cn¨v aX{]NcWhpw XpS§n¡gnªp. I½yqWnkväv ssN\bn t]mepw Cu ]pXnb aX¯n\v A\pbmbnIÄ Ds{X! \nehnepÅ aX§tftbm aX{]hmNI·mtc tbm Cu aXw \ntj[nç¶nÃ. Ahbvs¡Ãmw ]pXnb hymJym\§Ä sImSpçì Fìam{X tabpÅq. 41 hbkpImc\mb FdnIv thm¬ Um\ns¡³ F¶bmfmWv aXØm]I³. kznäv kÀeânÂ\nìw Atacn¡bn IpSntbdn]mÀ `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¯ Hcp ap³ tlm«ÂhyhkmbnbmWv At± lw. ss__nÄ, JpÀB³ XpS§nb aX{KÙ§ fnse hnhcW§Ä¡v Um\ns¡³ hnNn{X§ fpw AtXkabw ckIc§fpamb hymJym\ §fmWv \ÂIp¶Xv. C{ktb¡msc CuPn ]vän \nìw hnSphn¨psImpt]m¶ tamsi bv¡v i{Xp¡sf kwlcnç¶Xn\p ]änb te kÀ K¬ Dmbncpìshìw ‘ssZh’hpambn kwkmcn¡m³ ]änb Hcp tdUntbm {Sm³kv anäÀ At±l¯nsâ ssIhiapmbncpìsh ìamWv Ct±lw ]dbp¶Xv. ‘ssZhw’ Fì ]g b\nba¯n ]dbp¶Xv _mlymImi¯p\n ì h¶ Hcp ‘kq¸Àam³’ BWs{X. `qanbn IpSntbdn¸mÀ¯ B kq¸Àamsâ ]SbmfnI fmWv amemJamÀ F¶dnbs¸«ncp¶Xv! _mlym Imi¯ph¨p \S¶ GtXm kwL«\s¯ Xp SÀ¶mWv AhÀ `qanbn IpSntbdnbXv. A§ s\ IpSntbdn¸mÀ¯hÀ C{kmtbÂImcpambn kÔnsNbvXp. ]ncanUpIÄ F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ Xv ihIpSoc§Ä AsÃìw _mlymImi `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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\uIIÄ¡v Cd§m³ thnbpÅ {]tXyI kwhn[m\§fmsWìamWv Um\ns¡³ ]dbp ¶Xv. ssZh¯nsâ ]p{X·mÀ a\pjy]p{Xn amcpambn hnhml_Ô¯n GÀs¸«pshìw AXnsâ ^eambn a÷mÀ Dmbn Fìw ]g b\nba¯n ]dbp¶Xv icnbmsW¶mWv A t±l¯nsâ ]£w. s]dphn\pw CIztUmdn \pw CSbnepÅ KplIfn CXp kw_Ôn¨ tcJIÄ _mlymImi a\pjyÀ kq£n¨n«p t{X! Um\ns¡³ hnNn{X§fmb Cu kn²m´§ sfÃmw t{ImUoIcn¨v ]pkvXIcq]¯n {]kn ²oIcn¨n«pv. ‘_mlymImi¯p \nì h¶ ssZh§Ä’ F¶XmWv AXnsemcp {KÙw. ]Sv \mw I¼\n {]kn²oIcn¨ Cu {KÙw 1973þ se s_kväv skÃdmbncpì. ‘ssZh¯nsâ kzÀ Ww’ F¶XmWv asämcp ]pkvXIw. Cu cp ]pkvXI§fptSbpw e£¡W¡n\p tIm¸n IÄ hn¡s¸SpIbpmbn. 32 `mjIfnte ¡v Ch hnhÀ¯\w sN¿s¸SpIbpapmbn. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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‘Um\ns¡³ aXw’ Øm]n¨ FdnIv thm¬ Um\ns¡s\¸än Ct¸mÄ IqSpX Nne hnhc §Ä ]pd¯ph¶n«pv. Hcp Pkyq«v kv¡qfn emWv Ct±lw ]Tn¨Xv. 19þas¯ hbkn C{µnbmXoX iIvXnbpv X\ns¡¶v Um\n s¡³ AhImis¸«p. ]Tn¯w Ignªv tlm «Â hyhkmb¯nteÀs¸« Ct±lw Hcp X«n¸p tIkn aqì hÀjw in£ A\p`hn¨n«pv. CsXms¡bmsW¦nepw ]Xn\mbnc¡W¡n\v A\pbmbnIÄ Ct¸mÄ Ct±l¯n\pv.
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25 ZmZmPn _wKmfnse§pw {]kn²\mb Hcp kn²\mbncp ì ZmZmPn. Aanbm tdmbn Nu[cn F¶mbncp ì At±l¯nsâ ]gb t]cv. A´co£ ¯n \n¶v `kvahpw inhenwKhpw tem¡äp Ifpw aäpw FSp¯v `IvX·mÀç sImSpçhm³ ZmZmPnç Ignªncpì. AXpsImv At±l s¯ Hcp ZnhymhXmcambn BfpIÄ IW¡m ¡n BZcn¨pt]mì. h¡oe·mÀ, PUvPnamÀ, imkv{XÚ·mÀ, `c Wm[n]·mÀ Fì XpS§n PohnX¯nsâ FÃm XpdIfnepapÅhÀ At±l¯nsâ A\pbmbn Ifmbn«pmbncp¶p. Nu[cnsb hfsc _lp am\]qÀhw ZmZmPn (A¸q¸³)sb¶v AhÀ hn fn¨phì. ]t£, 1974 HIvtSm_À amk¯n s]s«¶v ZmZmPn Adkväp sN¿s¸«p. XpSÀ¶v `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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At±l¯nsâ Gähpw ASp¯ injycn Hcm fmb ARvPeo _m\ÀPntbbpw t]meokv Ikv äUnbnseSp¯p. Hcp IÅ acW]{Xapm¡n tImSXnbn lmPcm¡n ]Ww X«nsbSpç hm³ {ian¨p F¶Xmbncpì AhcpsS t]cnep Å tIkv. AdkväpsN¿s¸« DSs\ ZmZmPn t]meokn t\mSv Hcp Imcyw Bhiys¸«p. Xsâ Imjmb hkv{Xw amdn shÅhkv{Xw [cn¡m³ A\ph Zn¡Wsa¶Xmbncpì AXv. t]meokv AXn\v A\paXn \ÂIn. t]meokv hm\n At±l s¯ IbäcpsX¶v Bcm[IÀ Bhiys¸«p. A Xn\pthn AhÀ Hcp {]tXyI ImÀ sImp hcnIbpw sNbvXp. ]t£, AXn Ibdphm³ t]meokv ZmZmPnsb A\phZn¨nÃ. Bdpamk s¯ \nc´c{ia¯n\p tijamWv Ct±ls¯ AdkväpsN¿m³ IgnªsX¶v t]meokv shfn s¸Sp¯n. IqSpX At\zjW¯nÂ\nìw ZmZmPnsb ¶ Cu a\pjys\¸änbpÅ ]e hnhc§fpw `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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t]meokn\pIn«n. {Inan\ Ipä¯n\v A©p hÀjw in£n¡s¸« Hcmfmbncpì Aanbm tdmbn Nu[cn. B ]XnXzw ad¨phbv¡m³ thnbmWv AbmÄ ZmZmPnsb¶t]cn Znhy \mbXv. CXv ZmZmPnbpsS injyKW§Ät¡ä henb BLmXambncpì.
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26 \_nbpsS hnip²tcmaw sUÂlnbnÂ\nì {]kn²oIcnç¶ ‘HmÀK ss\kÀ’ ]{X¯nsâ 6þ1þ64þse e¡¯n h¶ Hcp hmÀ¯bmWv Xmsg sImSpç¶Xv: “{io\KÀ, 30þ12þ63: ChnsSbpÅ kIe ]_v fnIv Hm^okpIfpw, tImSXnIfpw, hnZymeb §fpw, _m¦pIfpw, Bkv]{XnIfpw, ]oSnI Ifpw aäpw AS¨nSs¸«n«v Cì \memw Znhk amWv. tdmUpIfnÂIqSn bmsXmcpXcw hml\ §fpw k©cnç¶nÃ. A´na {]hmNI\mb apl½Zv \_nbpsS ]cnip²mhinjvSambn C hnSs¯ ‘l{k¯v _mÂ’ ]Ånbn `{Zambn kq£n¡s¸«ncp¶ Hcp XeapSn\mcng tamjvSn ¡s]«pt]mbXp kw_Ôn¨pÅ ZpxJmNcWam `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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WnhnsS, Cu alm\jvS¯n ImivaocnIÄ am{XaÃ, C³Uy³ P\X apgph³ BIpeo` hn¨ncnçIbmWv. ImivaocnIÄ ZpxJnXÀ am{X aÃ, tIm]m{Im´cpambncnçì. ChnSs¯ {] [m\ sXcphmb dknU³kn tdmUn\v Ccphi apÅ ]e sI«nS§fpw IsÃdnªpw Xoh¨pw P\¡q«w tISphcp¯nbn«pv. ItÃdn t]m eokv kq{]n\pw aäptZymKØ·mÀçw ]cn t¡äp. Hcp L«¯n P\¡q«¯nteç t]m eokv kzbc£mÀ°w shSnh¨p. shSntbäv Hcp lnµphpw Hcp apkveoapw acn¨n«pv. If hpt]mb hnip²tcmaw IsSp¯psImSpç ¶ BÄ¡v Hcp e£w cq] C\mw, Asæn IsSpç¶Xn\pÅ Adnhp\ÂIp¶ BÄ¡v {]Xnamkw 500I. hoXw s]³j³ \ÂIp¶Xm sW¶v ImjvaoÀ apJya{´n an. jwkp±o³ {] Jym]\w sNbvXncnçì. tamjvSn¡s¸«pt]m b hnip² tIiw hosSpç¶Xp kw_Ôn ¨v kvtääv t]meokpw tI{µ CâenP³kv hIp ¸pw DuÀÖnXamb At\zjW¯n GÀs¸«n cnçIbmWv. hnip²tIiw Ip]nSn¨p ]Ån `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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bn XncnsI F¯n¡Wsa¶v Bhiys¸«p sImv kv{Xo]pcpj·mcpÄs¸« h¼n¨ PmY {io\Kdn {]IS\w \S¯ns¡mncnçì. apkveo§fpw, lnµp¡fpw, knçImcpw ]s¦Sp ç¶ PmYbn ]ecpw s\©¯Sn¨v Dds¡ Icbpìv. lÀ¯m BNcWw XpSÀìsIm ncnçIbmWv. ]e sI«nS§fpsSbpw apI fn Idp¯sImSn ]mdpìv. lÀ¯m Imc Ww ChnSs¯ Zn\¸{X§Ä {]kn²oIcn¡s¸ Sp¶nÃ. “Cu hnip² tIi¯nsâ ]mc¼cykq£n ¸pImcpw Imh¡mcpambn cpt]cpv. cm {Xnbpw ]Iepw Ahcn Hmtcmcp¯cmWv Im hÂ. tamjWw \S¶Xv 27þmw XobXn ]pecp¶ Xn\pap¼v cm{Xn 2 aWnçw 3 aWnçw CSbv ¡mWv. B kabw Imh¡mcn Bcpw AhnsS Dmbncp¶nsöXv AZv`pXambncnç ì. tamjWwt]mb hnhcw Bt¸mÄXs¶ P\ X Adnªp. 4 aWn kab¯pXs¶ kwLSnX amb ZpxJmNcW{]Z£nW§Ä Bcw`n¨p. `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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“kq£n¨ncp¶ apdnbptSbpw Cc«¸q«pÅ AeamcnbptSbpw IXIpIÄ Ad¯papdn¨mWv Xncptijn¸v tamjWw \S¯nbn«pÅXv. Ae amcbv¡I¯pmbncp¶ aäp hnetbdnb km [\§Ä HìwXs¶ Xkv¡c³ sXm«nÃ. Cu tamjW¡mcy¯n ]mInØm\p ssIbps ì hnizkn¡s¸Spì. CXp IqSmsX ]cnip² \_nbpsS asämcp Xe\mcng UÂlnbnse Pam akvPnZnepv. ]mInØm\ntem asähnsSsb¦n eptam CXpt]msemcp Xe\mcngbnÃ. “ZpxJmNcW¡mÀ \in¸n¨n«pÅXv _£n Ip Spw_¡mcpsS cp kn\namlmfpIfpw, Hcp tlm«Â, tamt«mÀ {]ZÀi\ime apXembhbm Wv. tI{µKh¬saâphI bmsXmcp Øm]\ §fpw \in¸n¨n«nÃ. “hnip² tIiw kq£n¨ncp¶Xv cähpw shÅnsImp sI«n¨n«pÅ Hcp I®mSnçgen emWv.” l{k¯v _m ]ÅnbnÂ\nì Ifhpt]mb hnip² Xe\mcngsb¸än t]cp shfns¸Sp¯m `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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¯ Hcp s{]m^kÀ B e¡¯n Xs¶ GXm \pw Nn´IÄ D¶bn¨n«pÅXpIqSn ChnsS D² cn¨p sImÅpì: “1. ]cnip² \_n ZnhwKX\mbn«v 1300þ ]cw hÀj§Ä Ignªp. (kpamÀ F. Un. 632þ emWv \_n bixicoc\mbXv) Xe apSn {Zhn¨v AgpInt¸mImsX C{XbpwImew CcnçI F¶ Xp kzm`mhnIaÃ, {]tXyIn¨pw AXp {Zhn¨p t]mImXncn¡m³ bmsXmcp imkv{Xobkwhn [m\§fpw sNbvXn«nÃmXncns¡. 2. F§s\, F¶mWv B hnip²tIiw C³Uybn F¯nbsX¶Xn\v Ncn{X]camb bmsXmcp km£yhpw CÃ. \_nbpsS Hcp Xncp tijn¸v C³Uybn F¯nbncps¶¦n B Znhkw C³Uybnse apkÂam·mÀ BlvfmZI cambn sImmSp¶ ZnhkamIpambncpì. F ¶m A§s\ Hcp Znhkw C³Uybnse¶Ã, {io\Kdntem, UÂlnbntem apkÂam·mÀt]m epw sImmSp¶nÃ.
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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3. Ckvemw aXhnizmk{]Imcw GsXmcp ]cnip²sâ icocmwisa¦nepw Xncptijn¸m bn kq£nçI F¶Xv ssZhZqjW]camWv. arXicocs¯ A´naambn Ipfn¸nç¶Xv ih çgnbpsS ASp¯ph¨mbncn¡Ww F¶mWv Atd_ybnse BNmcw. ihw Ipfn¸n¨ shÅw sImp \\ª a®pIqSn ihçgnbnen«p aqSpIbmWhÀ sN¿p¶Xv. A§s\bncns¡ \ _nbpsS XeapSnbng Xncptijn¸mbn kq£n ¡s¸SpI F¶Xv XoÀ¯pw Akw`hyamWv. 4. sUÂln, PamakvPnZnepsì ]db s¸Sp¶ asämcp Xe\mcpIqSmsX \_nbpsS XeapSn temI¯n asähnsSbpanÃ. A§s\ Hcp Xncptijn¸pmbncps¶¦n sa¡bpw aZo\bpw AXp ssIhnSpIbnÃmbncpì. {]tXy In¨v _lp`qcn]£hpw apkveoaÃm¯ C³Uy bn AXp kq£n¡msaì IcpXpambncp ¶nÃ. 5. C§s\ Hcp Xncptijn¸psìÅ Adnhv C³Uybnse apkveow kapZmb¯n\p `Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
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s]mXpthbnÃ. Adnhpmbncps¶¦n AXn s\ kw_Ôn¨ Hcp s]cp¶mfmtLmjw Xs¶ \SìsImncnçambncpì. 6. _ Fìt]cpÅ ]ÞnX\mb Hcp apkveow kn²³ 15þmw \qämn C³Uybn hìshìw Imivaocn {io\Kdn\Sp¯v ]mÀ ¸pd¸n¨p acn¨p Fìw BWv Ncn{Xw ]dbp ¶Xv. ‘l{k¯v _Â’ F¶dnbs¸Sp¶Xv At± l¯nsâ ]ÅnbmWv. ‘_mÂ’ F¶ ]Z¯n\v tIiw F¶mWv AÀ°w. \-_nbpsS tIiw DÅXpsImmWv AXn\v ‘l{k¯v _mÂ’ F¶ t]cp h¶sXì IcpXp¶Xv bmYmÀ°y aÃ. 7. hn{Klmcm[\ ioen¨ncp¶ lnµp¡sf Ckvemante¡v amÀKw tNÀs¯Sp¯Xn\pti jw AhcpsS at\mXr]vXn¡mbn ‘l{k¯v _Â’ ]Ånsb ‘l{k¯v _mÂ’ ]Ånbm¡n \_nbpsS tIiw Xncptijn¸mbn AhnsS Ds¶ \nebn Cu Xncptijn¸mcm[\
`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK
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Bcw`n¨XmsW¶ A\pam\¯n\p {]kIvXn bpv.” Cu Nn´bpw Ncn{Xhpsamìw `IvXP\§Ä ¡dntb ImcyanÃtÃm! AhÀ _lfw XpS §n. At¸mÄ tI{µa{´n emÂ_lZqÀim kv{Xn DSs\ Xs¶ Imivaocn F¯n. t]meo kv At\zjWw DuÀÖnXs¸Sp¯n. XpSÀ¶v I fhpt]mb tcmaw hopIn«nsb¶ hmÀ¯ hì. ]v AhnsS h¨ncp¶ tcmaw \_nbptS XmsWìÅXn\p sXfnhnÃmXncp¶Xpt]mse CXpw AhnsSbncp¶XpXs¶bmsWìÅXn \p sXfnhpIÄ CÃ. ]t£, hnizmknIÄ¡v Fs´¦nepw aXnbtÃm!
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`Khm³amcpw `KhXnamcpw
A.T. KOVOOR / IAP E-BOOK