ISSUE 1 • 2022
Olympian Kevin McNab From strength to strength with WEG in sight
Confident Cross Country
Building your capability with Sarah Clark
Back to Basics
Training the OTT Thoroughbred
A Guide to Bit Fitting
Expert Charmae Bell answers your most FAQs
Don’t sweat it
Managing anhidrosis
Home of your leading equestrian brands for Summer
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Editor Amanda McWhinnie amanda@equestrianhub.com.au Advertising Enquiries Joanne Conyers 0448 442 220 joanne.conyers@equestrianhub.com.au The Saddle Hub Sales Enquiries Shae Herwig info@equestrianhub.com.au
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On the Cover Kevin McNab and Scuderia 1918 A Best Friend on their way to a hardfought 4th in the CCI5* at Pau, France (Image by Libby Law Photography). Magazine Layout Kimberley Bloom Design www.kimberleybloom.com.au kim@kimberleybloom.com.au
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2 | EQUESTRIAN HUB ISSUE 1 • 2022
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Contents 4 7 8 18 22 28 36 42 46 54 58 64
Our Contributors From the Horse’s Mouth Spotlight on Kevin McNab Brister’s Brief Ask an Expert: Charmae Bell Feature: Life on the Force Feature: Valuing Your Vet Vet Vibes: Anhidrosis Feature: Confident Cross Country Feature: Frangible Yellow Clips Nutrition Made Easy Feature: Red Bag Foaling
ISSUE 1 • 2022
70 77 78 86 92 97 98 104 110 112 114 116
Saddle Up: Getting to Grips with Girths European Trends: Social Stabling Feature: The First Limiting Nutrient Breed: The Warlander Life After Racing: An OTT Spectacular Saddle Review: KN Ouvertüre Victoria On My Tackbox: The Great Debate Training Tips: Back to Basics Young Rider: Charlee Dobbin Property Central 20 Questions with Kathy O'Hara Stockists E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 3
O U R C O N T R I B U TO R S
Enya Crockford A rider for most of her life, Enya has been a qualified coach since her teens. She's trained numerous horses up through the eventing levels and is currently working with her sweet but opinionated homebred mare. She recently caught up with 5* eventer Sarah Clark to discuss how to train for cross country confidence.
Amanda Mac As editor of Equestrian Hub Magazine, Amanda’s two longstanding passions, one for horses the other for writing, come together perfectly. In this issue she talks to top eventer and silver medal Olympian Kevin McNab about a career less ordinary, and to AVA President Dr Warwick Vale on the very serious subject of veterinarian mental health.
David Nash Director of Nutrition Technology at KER, David is an equine nutrition professional with many years’ experience. He advises on feeding and managing horses across all disciplines, and has been instrumental in quality control, laboratory management and analysis, and pasture research. In this issue he discusses the finer points of water quality.
Jessica Morton Jessica is a dual national New Zealand-Italian freelance journalist, equestrian traveller, and writer. Currently based in Tuscany, she’s perfectly positioned to bring us the very latest in European equestrian trends and innovations. In this issue she looks at innovative housing solutions for stallions that encourage the social life all horses need.
Heather Ip Heather holds a Bachelor of Applied Science (Equine) from Charles Sturt University, a Master of Science in Veterinary Science from Sydney University, and has lectured in equine reproduction at CSU for many years. She owns and runs Cooramin Sporthorses, breeding Warmbloods and performance ponies for dressage. Her article on red bag foaling is a must read.
Larissa Bilston Larissa, BAgrSc (Hons I) is the Nutritionist for Farmalogic, where she developed Equine Vit&Min and the Farmalogic Equine range. Her extensive experience is highly regarded by trainers, riders and owners who understand the importance of good nutrition. So how do you feed your horse an optimal diet? It’s not rocket science and Larissa explains why. 4 | EQUESTRIAN HUB ISSUE 1 • 2022
Charlie Brister Regular columnist Charlie is an all-round horseman and an expert in retraining problem horses. He also coaches riders in the art of cross country, show jumping and dressage. In the first of his new two part series, Charlie offers some expert advice on techniques designed to help you teach your young horse to jump.
Dr Doug English A veterinarian and long-time turmeric researcher, Doug completed his Bachelor of Veterinary Science at the University of Queensland in 1974. He’s well-known throughout Australia for his work in the equine industry and is a long-time Equine Veterinarians Australia member. Don’t miss his article on anhidrosis, its symptoms, and the management of this unusual condition.
O U R C O N T R I B U TO R S
Christine Armishaw Christine is a horse trainer, coach and passionate eventing and jumping rider. A Kiwi girl based in NSW, she teaches others not just how to ride, but also how to understand their horse. In this issue, she goes behind the scenes with long-time horse enthusiast Sgt. Sarah Maxwell, an instructor with the NSW Mounted Police Unit.
Kathryn Sullivan-Butt Kathryn Sullivan-Butt is The Saddlefitter. An EA and AHRC coach with over 20 years’ experience, she is nationally and internationally trained and accredited with the Society of Master Saddlers, the ASFA, and Equinology. Always happy to share her knowledge, she gets to grips with girths in the first of a fascinating two part series.
Charmae Bell Charmae owns Bit Bank Australia and has been a bitting specialist since 2014. In addition to managing the online store she leads a team of Accredited Bit Fitters who she trained. She’s helped thousands of horses and riders achieve harmony in communication, and in this issue answers some questions she’s frequently asked.
Dr Kirsten Jackson Working first as a general equine vet, Kirsten then followed her passion for dentistry. A member of the Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists, she has recently completed a PhD on equine peripheral caries, and in this issue weighs up the pros and cons of power vs hand tools in equine dentistry.
Suzy Jarratt Suzy has lengthy and varied form as a writer and presenter. She works for several Australian and overseas companies, is the author of three published books, and three years ago won an international award for equestrian journalism. In this issue she meets a breed that originated in Australia – the seriously stunning Warlander.
Dr Warwick Vale An equine veterinary practitioner with many years’ experience, Warwick has a special interest in competition horse medicine, fitness and lameness. A long standing member of the Australian Veterinary Association (AVA), he was elected the Association's President in 2020. In this issue, he speaks out on the very serious problems associated with veterinarian mental health.
Jade Willis Jade is an eventer and coach with a passion for off the track Thoroughbreds. A Racing Victoria Acknowledged Trainer, this year alone she’s rehomed around 160 ex-racehorses, giving them the chance of a new life and career. In Training Tips, she gives us an insight into her highly successful down to earth approach.
Wayne Copping Wayne has served as a National Eventing Selector, a 5* Course Designer, FEI course design seminar presenter, and is an International Eventing Officials Club board member. He participated in the early testing of frangible devices, helping to formulate the policies governing their use. In this issue, he discusses their recent modification, yellow clips and penalty points. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 5
PUBLISHER’S LETTER
From the Horse’s Mouth With Fiona Todd
W
elcome to a new year, a new beginning and a host of new opportunities.
Launching 2022 on the right foot, Amanda Mac speaks to Olympic philosophy on life, luck, and being
own Warlander. Suzy Jarrett explores the evolution of this stunning horse, before chatting with our Young Rider, Charlee Dobbin.
successful in one of the equestrian world’s most demanding disciplines. Also on eventing, Wayne Copping explains the changes to frangibles, why
horses have? Christine Armishaw caught
There are now many wonderful programs to support horses on the journey from their racing career into a new life. One of those initiatives is the Tropical North Showjumping Club’s OTT Spectacular, an exciting showcase for the talents of our off the track friends. Meanwhile, Jade Willis gives us the heads up on retraining OTT Thoroughbreds, and after transitioning and rehoming over 160 in 2021 alone, we feel she’s eminently qualified to give us the odd tip or two.
up with Sergeant Sarah Maxwell to talk
Equine dentist Dr Kirsten Jackson climbs
about the NSW Mounted Police troop –
onto the tackbox to debate the virtues of power versus manual tools, and top jockey Kathy O’Hara answers 20 questions. Plus, we introduce Property Central and review the KN Ouvertüre Victoria dressage saddle.
they were necessary, and his thoughts on those 11 point penalties, while Enya Crockford talks to 5* eventer Sarah Clark about the value of teaching your horse to think for itself, yet still listen to you. Did you know the suicide rate amongst Australian vets is one of the highest in the world? We talk to AVA President Dr Warwick Vale about this alarming statistic. Be nice to your vet, they do an amazing
Jessica Morton keeps us updated with the latest in European trends. In this issue she looks at the concept of social stabling and the approach being taken by a state-ofthe-art German Warmblood stud. Starting your young horse over jumps? Charlie Brister has some great advice on getting their show jumping career off on the
I love breeding season and all those photos and video clips of gorgeous foals – with their whiskers, fluffy ears and quirky behaviour – that flood my newsfeed. But foaling down is not without its dramas, and Heather Ip of Cooramin Sporthorses relives the tense moments surrounding the red bag delivery of a rather special foal. In the last of our breed articles, it’s only fitting that we feature Australia’s very
eventer Kevin McNab about his
job in often challenging circumstances.
of our horses overheating. While most regulate their body temperature through sweating, around five per cent of horses suffer from anhidrosis and are unable to sweat. Dr Doug, our resident vet, looks at the symptoms and management of this unusual condition.
And what’s that special charisma police
how the horses are selected and how they’re trained. Feeding horses a balanced diet is not, as you might think, rocket science. Equine nutritionist Larissa Bilston offers
right hoof, and The Bit Bank’s Charmae Bell
a simple four-step approach to ensuring
expertly answers the bit fitting questions
your horse has all the protein, roughage,
So as usual, pour your favourite tipple, relax and enjoy.
she’s most frequently asked.
energy, vitamins and minerals it needs
Until next time,
Kathryn Sullivan-Butt, aka The Saddlefitter, explores the challenging and confusing world of girths: what shape do I need, where should the
to perform and look its best. Also on the subject of health, David Nash discusses water quality and its role in determining your horse’s intake and well-being.
buckles sit, what material is most
In the Australian climate we need to
suitable? Kathryn reveals all!
be particularly alert to the possibility E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 7
I
t was Seneca, an ancient Roman philosopher of some note, who with great insight once remarked that
luck happens when preparation meets
S P OT L I G H T
opportunity. And I don’t think you’d get much of an argument from Kevin
As luck would have it
McNab on that point, because he’s been preparing for a very long time. Growing up in a non-horsey family in Millaa Millaa, a small town on the southern edge of Far North Queensland’s Atherton Tablelands, Kevin was just two years old when, apropos to apparently nothing, he asked his parents for a horse. “And my
There’s an old adage that says luck is the product of preparation meeting opportunity, and in Kevin McNab’s case nothing could be closer to the truth, writes AMANDA MAC.
parents were silly enough to buy me one,” he says. I can’t help but comment that it turned out not to be so silly. “Yeah, but it took them a while to reach that conclusion I think,” he says with a chuckle.
S P OT L I G H T
One Christmas, after outgrowing Electra, that very first (and very small) pony, Kevin found a large box under the family’s decorated tree. Beyond excited, he opened his gift only to discover it was full of hay – which was a bit of a letdown until he dug deeper and found a card announcing the arrival of the aptly named Patches, a skewbald who was to be his first ‘real’ horse. By the time he was seven or eight years old, Kevin had begun to ride ‘properly’ by which he means he rode every day. However, Millaa Millaa wasn’t a town where there was much in the way of regular equestrian sports. “So when anything happened I did it. Pony Club, barrel racing, mounted games, campdrafting, show jumping, dressage, hacking, literally anything and everything,” he recalls. Living on a dairy farm meant there was plenty of room to accommodate what soon became Kevin’s growing collection of horses. “They were naughty horses and ex-racehorses that had been given away. So I’d come home from school, jump on one and go galloping across paddocks, up and down hills, and across the creeks,” he says. “And then when I started going to Millaa Millaa Pony Club, Mum and Dad, who were very busy with four children, used to drop me at gymkhanas or show jumping days on
ABOVE: Victory for Kevin and Cute Girl in the FEI WBFSH CCI3* 7yo World Championship at Le Lion d’Angers (Image by Libby Law Photography). LEFT: Kevin and Scuderia 1918 A Best Friend on their way to a hard-fought 4th in the CCI5* at Pau, France (Image by Libby Law Photography).
the Friday afternoon and pick me up on
I actually moved from Millaa Millaa down
Kevin explains, “I'd read in horse
Sunday. So I would just camp there and
to southeast Queensland to do Years 11
magazines about this thing called
do whatever was on.”
and 12 at Kooralbyn International School
eventing and for some reason, I thought
because they had an equestrian program.”
that that was going to be the most fun. So
youngster, but Kevin reckons that horses
And it was while he was there that he
it’s what I was drawn to and from there I
have a way of teaching responsibility:
met well-known coach Antonio ‘Tony’
never looked back. I did do some straight
“You have to clean their stables, feed
Manka, with whom he still stays in
dressage and show jumping alongside
them, look after them, and in that sense
regular touch. It’s a relationship he
eventing. But I found out very quickly that
I think I was always quite responsible. I
values greatly. Kevin started lessons
unless you do one thing and do it well,
had multiple horses all the time, so I had
with Tony when he was in Year 11, and
you do everything in a mediocre way.
plenty to keep me out of trouble.”
in Year 12 he boarded with Tony and
So I concentrated on eventing.”
his partner Tracy, keeping his horses
After high school Kevin moved to
That’s a fair bit of independence for any
Although there’s a noticeably horse-related theme emerging here, I’m curious to know whether he’d ever contemplated any
at Tony’s property and commuting to school from there.
Capalaba, a suburb in Brisbane’s southeast, where he worked as a night filler
other career. “Definitely not,” he laughs,
Naturally, another question has to be:
at Coles, a brickies labourer by day, and
“it was always going to be riding for me.
why eventing? “Well, it’s very simple,”
rode his horses in the evening. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 9
S P OT L I G H T
ABOVE: Bringing it home with Cute Girl during the final at Pau (Image by Libby Law Photography). Not an easy gig, but it bankrolled the next
leave thinking you're going to the next
But these events coincided with a period
stage of his plan, another move south,
Olympics! He is an amazing motivator.”
not uncommon in any horse sport, where
But ever a Queenslander at heart, it
one minute you have a great team of
was eventually time to return to the
horses, and the next, for one reason and
Sunshine State and set up shop on a
another, you have none. So things were
Now with coaching as a way to finance his
property at Kelecyn in the Gold Coast
pretty quiet, particularly in early 2012 after
equestrian career, he spent several years
hinterland. Another Heath Ryan protégé,
Emma left to pursue her career in the UK.
with the Ryan's before moving not too far
eventer Emma Dougall, whom Heath had
“I was getting a little bit bored sitting at
away to eventers Prue and Craig Barrett’s
suggested should work with Kevin, arrived
home. Emma was over there having all
Rockdene Park. “So I was in the middle of
shortly thereafter. And given that Kevin
the fun, so I followed her,” Kevin says,
a hub where at the time there were a lot
and Emma married in 2016, I’d say that was
laughing as he points out that although
of event riders. It was a great place to be.
a pretty perceptive call on Heath’s part!
the initial plan was for a three month stay,
Life rolled on with Kevin flying back
they’re still there 10 years later.
this time to Heath and Rozzie Ryan’s Newcastle Equestrian Centre where he became an EA Level One Coach.
I learned a lot there,” he recalls. By now it should be obvious that
and forth across the ditch to do some
Kevin is prepared to do the hard yards
catch rides for New Zealander Heelan
necessary to be successful, an attitude
Tompkins. By the end of 2011, Frances
fostered during his days at Kooralbyn
Stead of Clifton Eventers offered Kevin
International School, where he was
the ride on Clifton Pinot. The horse was
surrounded by sports minded, goal-
duly shipped from New Zealand and
orientated peers who had their sights
the pair competed at the Adelaide 4*,
set high. “Everyone dreamed of going
which fortunately also happened to be
selection for the London Olympics. But
to the Olympics or representing their
a Minimum Eligibility Requirement (MER)
there was an upside to that: “It gave us
country. So it was always a driving force.
event, ensuring Kevin was qualified at
a good look at the sport on this side of
And Heath Ryan is one of those people
the appropriate level well before the
the world, and an idea of the level you
that no matter who you are, when you
new MER framework was implemented
needed to be riding at to be competitive
have a lesson with him you always
the following year.
and to then be selected,” Kevin explains.
10 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
So after basing himself in the UK with Olympic qualified Clifton Pinot, Kevin competed at the Houghton International Horse Trials, followed by Luhmühlen in Germany. However, their performances were not competitive enough to warrant
S P OT L I G H T
“So rather than a disappointing
Hartley, who used to work for Emma
of horses – now you have one, now you
outcome, it was a great experience and
and now grooms for us both, as well as
don’t; the financial difficulties.
a good opportunity to actually see it all
Christine Parker, another top groom.”
at first hand.”
That Kevin counts himself lucky to have
It takes time to build a team of quality
faced all these challenges and more
Having made the decision to stay in
staff and Kevin puts strong emphasis on
says much about his mindset: “It’s a
the UK, the time had come to consider
their contribution to his current success:
sport of lows rather than highs. The lows
logistics. At the time, Kevin was in
“We've had a lot of people with us now
make the highs even better, but you
Olympian eventer Jock Paget’s yard,
for quite a long time and I think that
have to be able to weather the storm. So
while Emma was located nearby with
when that happens, you tend to become
I think that those little things that come
Bryony Holloway, another successful
more successful because you have a
along – and there're lots of them – you
eventer. Neither yard was large enough
good team around you who know your
have to look at them as opportunities
to accommodate both Kevin and Emma,
good and bad points and are able to
rather than crises. They're all learning
who eventually decided they’d like a
help out with that. And then all of a
experiences, and I’ve had quite a few!”
yard of their own. After finding one and
sudden, it seems things start to come
growing out of it quite quickly, the couple
together. For me it’s not necessarily just
moved into a larger facility, owned by
that you have to ride well. I've generally
their great supporters Mark and Belinda
been more successful when I’ve had a
Sartori, where they’re still based today.
good team – and I've got a great team at
Now with two young daughters and a
the moment.”
Which brings us to Tokyo 2020 and Kevin’s place on the Australian Eventing Team alongside Andrew Hoy and Shane Rose. The third team member was originally to have been Chris Burton with Quality Purdey, who was unfortunately
yard to run, life is busy. “We've got quite
In Kevin’s opinion, another important
withdrawn after sustaining a minor injury.
a decent operation. We have horses
part of his journey are the many
Next in line were Stuart Tinney and
from three years old to 5*, a couple of
obstacles he’s had to overcome: moving
Leporis, with Kevin and Scuderia 1918
hundred acres, 25 stables, and a great
from his home to Southeast Queensland
Don Quidam as the travelling reserves.
team,” Kevin tells me. “Isabel English has
for school; working multiple jobs and
But on veterinary advice, it was decided
been with us for a few years now, and
long hours to fund his continued growth
it was in Leporis’ best interests not to
Robbie Kearns is over from Ireland. And
in the sport; a move to NSW and back;
start, moving Stuart into reserve and
then we have our long term groom, Lucy
the ups and downs of building a team
Kevin onto the team.
ABOVE: Kevin aboard Scuderia 1918 Don Quidam during the show jumping phase in Tokyo (Image by Dirk Caremans, Hippo Foto). 12 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
S P OT L I G H T
reserve. However, Chris immediately agreed to what was a considerable financial investment. But it was an investment that paid dividends, because Kevin’s most anxious moment in Tokyo was when he realised he was going to have to ride the dressage test. The Australian eventing team met daily for a briefing and just prior to Stuart’s withdrawal, Kevin had been feeling quite relaxed. “They asked me where I was at and I said I was working towards having my horse ready to jump a few fences if necessary. I joked that I was comfortable that the boys were keeping it all together so I wouldn’t need to do a dressage test.” Kevin laughs at the memory. “But by the ABOVE: Kevin, Shane and Andrew take a lap of honour in Tokyo (Image by Dirk Caremans, Hippo Foto).
very next day everything had changed and when they asked me the same question again I said, well, I'm a lot less
For Kevin, this is typical of the sport’s
Over the years, Kevin has had a bit to
highs and lows: “Sometimes it works for
do with Australia’s High Performance
you and sometimes it doesn't, but this
Program, and he’s impressed. “They do
was one of the times when it worked for
everything they can to make your job
me. I had been very settled into my role
easier. Our horses were prepared in the
as team reserve, thinking that if anything
way we wanted to have them prepared,
I might be needed for a round of show
and we were encouraged to choose our
jumping. Obviously I was excited to
own support teams, which is something
now be on the team, but I was also
rather than capitalising on the things
that doesn't always happen,” he tells me.
Don Quidam does well. But at the end
very disappointed for Stuart, so it was a bittersweet surprise.” Nonetheless, Kevin enjoyed the opportunity to the full: “It was such a good atmosphere. Stuart congratulated me and then, with his wealth of experience, was probably more helpful to me than I could have been for him had I been the reserve. There were never any hard feelings, it was just okay, well let's carry on and get the job done.”
Sometimes it works for you and sometimes it doesn't, but this was one of the times when it worked for me.
comfortable now!” So having his coach with him made a huge difference: “The horse was working particularly well, and Sune made sure I worked hard. I was a bit disappointed with myself though. I fumbled through the test a little bit
of the day, it made no difference – even with a 26 dressage score the team result would still have been the same.” And to top off a fantastic experience there was a silver medal, something that seemed a little surreal: “It's strange because one minute I was there and settled into the role of reserve,” Kevin recalls, “and the next thing you know, we’re standing on a podium and Andrew, who’s an old hand, is giving me directions on what to do! It was quite
Similarly, he has nothing but praise for Chris Webb, the team’s Chef De
As it turned out, choosing his team
incredible. I was very privileged to have
Mission, and High Performance Eventing
proved to be a bonus. Before leaving
been part of a team with such a wealth
Manager Erin O’Neill: “They're both very,
the UK, Chris asked Kevin what he
of experience.”
very good people to have as part of the
needed to enable him to do his job well.
But Kevin’s recent successes, which, by
team and they do their jobs particularly
Kevin suggested taking his dressage
the way, have propelled him from 21st to
well. It wouldn't matter what you
coach Sune Hansen to Tokyo, thinking
ninth position (at the time of writing) on
needed, literally anything. They were
the request was a bit of a long shot
the FEI Eventing World Athlete Rankings,
always there to help.”
given at that point he was only the
have not been limited to Olympic glory. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 13
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S P OT L I G H T
ABOVE: Francesca Pollara, Manager for Scuderia 1918 (left), Cute Girl and groom Lucy Hartley with Kevin, Emma, two-year-old Annabelle and baby Charli (Image by Libby Law Photography). The past 12 months or so have been
will be shortly after that,” Kevin tells me.
who were working for me. It benefits
some of his best, and while it’s taken
“They're the goals long term, and then
everyone. The more horses you ride, the
time to build a team of horses to an elite
short term we have lots of competitions
more opportunity you have to compete,
level, the stars, five and otherwise, have
coming up. But for now, the aim is to bolt
improve them, and then sell them. I think
now aligned. There was the Kentucky
down the hatches for winter and spend
starting your career in England would
CCI5* followed by silver at Tokyo, both
some time at home with my family.”
be very expensive and very hard unless
with Don Quidam. Kevin and Scuderia
With a career that’s going ahead at full
you happened to be lucky enough to find
1918 Humphreys then took first place in
pace, Kevin and Emma won’t be returning
good horses to ride.”
the CCI3*-L at Osberton International,
to Australia any time soon, although for
followed by a first and second in the
them it will always be home. They still
Millstreet International CCI4*-S on
have their property at Kelecyn, currently
Scuderia 1918 A Best Friend, and Irish
being run by Kevin’s brother Dale and
Sport Horse Willunga. Next it was
his wife Charlotte, also an eventer. “And
Cute Girl who secured the FEI WBFSH
that’s where we’ll retire. We’d still like
Eventing 7yo World Championship at
to have horses but it'll be on a different
Le Lion d’Angers, followed by A Best
scale. Right now though, we’ll stay in the
Friend’s solid fourth place at a very
UK. The calendar is a lot better here and
competitive CCI 5* in Pau. “So yeah, it’s
access to other events is easier.”
been a really good run,” Kevin says. An understatement, for sure!
That said, Kevin is grateful for all that Australia has given him: "I think that
Kevin has spent quite a bit of time in the limelight of late, but that hasn’t changed the absolute gratitude he feels for the many people who support him behind the scenes: for his wife Emma; for the team responsible for looking after the yard while he’s away and who always do such a great job (“I'm sure when I come back I annoy everyone and slow the yard down” he confesses); for his owners; for his vets and for his farriers.
And the future is looking bright. “Don
Australia actually has a lot of benefits
All in all, I’d say there’s a lot to like
Quidam and A Best Friend are both
when you’re starting out. We always had
about Kevin McNab’s philosophy on
going well and are qualified for the
a lot of horses there and that gives you
life, luck, and being successful in
World Equestrian Games in August.
the opportunity to gain experience.
one of the equestrian world’s most
So we’re aiming for WEG and then Paris
And not just for myself, but for the people
demanding disciplines. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 15
Flies are often attracted to sweat that emits a ‘rotting fish’ odour, and if the flies congregate along the neck when the horse is sweaty, it may be worth exploring the function of the thyroid gland, again seaweed meal is useful with thyroid issues. It is also rich in calcium, magnesium, potassium, selenium and many other vitamins.
Rosehips are high in copper, and Pat Coleby (author of Natural Horse Care) suggests “Horses receiving the correct amount of copper and other minerals do not have trouble with bots, and in most cases they do not even lay eggs at all.”
Don’t forget the feet. Flies love bacteria and if they start hanging out around a horse’s feet, it could be an early sign of thrush. The lymphatic action of clivers helps clean the feet when there is thrush and also help strengthen the immunity of the feet.
Garlic is another popular herb people use to repel flies, especially horse flies or sandflies that suck blood after they bite, the high sulphur content of garlic helps make the blood less tasty.
COUNTRY PARK
Great results take time. Do the groundwork, start small, and build your horse’s confidence (Image by Oz Shotz).
N
one of us liked lockdowns. But they did give a lot of people a lot more time to spend with
BRISTER’S BRIEF
their horses. Let’s hope you’ve been using your time wisely!
Being progressive
Looking back at our January/February 2021 issue, we finished our series on lunging by talking about jumping on the lunge. This is a really beneficial step when teaching your young horse to jump. Or, if you have an older horse who’s new to jumping, or a horse having problems with jumping, then you should go back to that step.
While we were in lockdown last year, we looked at jumping on the lunge. Now with those days hopefully behind us, CHARLIE BRISTER dives into Part One of his two part series on teaching young horses to jump.
Jumping on the lunge: a brief recap Set up for success – think about how to make it as easy as possible for the horse. Start small and be progressive.
BRISTERS BRIEF
When a horse stops at a jump it means they have either been over-faced (presented with a jump that’s too big for their level of training), or you gave them a less than ideal preparation before the jump. Introduce tarps or fill under the jump. And remember, if you do get stuck, there’s always another day.
Flatwork before jumping The individual show jumping gold medal winner at the Tokyo Olympics, Ben Maher is a big believer in the importance of flatwork. He points out that show jumping is just flatwork with a few jumps in the middle. This highlights the importance of getting your horse calm, forward, and straight before expecting them to navigate a course of obstacles. Having the basics of go, stop, and turn established (especially the go button) are pretty important unless you want to leave everything up to chance. With most horses, the first time you ask them to jump under saddle they’ll be a bit hesitant. Having a good response to your leg will help the horse to understand the question and gain confidence by getting over the jump with less confusion. While working on the lunge you should have been using your voice when asking for up and down transitions. It will help if your horse understands the voice cue for ‘go’ when you are riding.
This basic set up with two parallel guide rails on the approach to a jump will help keep your horse straighter and more focused on the jump ahead.
In this exercise, essentially a figure
Having two parallel guide rails on the
eight with one flat side, you have all the
approach to a jump will help keep your
main components needed to navigate
horse straighter and more focused on
a course of jumps: transitions, straight
the jump ahead. You definitely want a
lines, and half circles.
coach/friend/pole person helping here.
Moving on
Start in walk with the guide rails and a
If you’ve been lunging your horse over a set up similar to the one I suggested in the Jan/Feb 2021 issue, you will have made things much easier for yourself.
single pole on the ground between the jump wings. When riding between jump wings, make sure there are no empty jump cups that your horse might catch a leg on if they drift. You want the horse to be able to walk, trot and canter over the pole on each rein. With each step make sure the horse
Here’s one exercise on the flat that’s really good for preparing a horse to jump (see diagram to the right):
feels confident before increasing the
1. Begin by cantering down the long side of the arena.
Next step is to build a cross rail. Once
2. Come back to trot before the end of the arena.
no need to walk in. Come in at a slightly
3. Ride half a 10 metre circle. 4. As you come out of the half circle trot back to the long side you were just on, putting your new inside leg on to push them across to the long side. This will help prepare them for cantering away when you reach the long side at point ‘X’. 5. Repeat on the other rein.
difficulty. Over-facing them will make jumping much harder in the long run.
you have a jump in front of you there’s forward trot, because using a little bit of momentum in the beginning can be helpful. As you get closer to the jump squeeze with your leg and maybe cluck if you feel a little hesitation. Before going to the whip, use a little patience – the whip should be the last resort to encourage the forward button. Usually the horse is hesitating because they are unsure or a little nervous. Give them time and reassure them. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 19
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BRISTERS BRIEF
It’s not uncommon for a horse to over-jump the fence in the beginning. This happens when they are being careful or spooky and don't want to hit the jump, so don’t confuse it with confidence. Make sure that if they do it once fantastically you repeat it a couple of times on each rein before raising the height. It’s easy to get excited when your young horse feels amazing and you want to see what they can do.
Departing after the fence Young horses may be a little wobbly on landing. Try and ride them as straight as possible after the fence. You want them to depart on a line and tempo similar to the way they approached. If they Give your horse time to look at the rail or jump.
deviate from this, just do the opposite of what they’re doing wrong. For example,
What about your position?
have a long run up. Try and sit quietly
if they rush off after the fence, slow
Weight down into your heel is very, very important. A lower leg that is unstable will allow you to become unbalanced more easily. When trotting into fences try and maintain rising trot positioning. As the horse takes off for the cross rail, fold forward enough to hold the mane. Keep your upper body tilted slightly forward with your lower leg underneath you. Wait till the horse has fully landed before you sit upright in the saddle again. A common mistake is for riders to start leaning back as the horse finishes the jump. Stay in balance with the horse and avoid throwing your body around.
with your body and don’t fiddle on the
them down. If they veer right after the
reins with your hands (easier said than
jump, turn them left and vice versa. You
done!). Keep your eyes up and leg on as you take off, and don't hesitate to grab a handful of mane to help stabilise yourself in the saddle. What happens if you knock a rail down?
get the idea. Don’t punish the horse for doing the wrong thing but calmly educate them so they understand what the right thing is. Next issue, we’ll talk about how to progress from jumping a single fence
No stress, just yell “ball boy” at your pole
into preparation for jumping courses.
person. If they have watched tennis on
Just remember: keep it simple and be
TV, they will understand the need to put
progressive. Unfortunately, it may be
the pole back without wasting time!
simple, but it's not always easy.
Cantering on Now you’ve mastered trotting over the cross rail with ease, let’s talk about approaching in canter. On a young horse the canter is usually not that adjustable. Having a little adjustability is desirable but not essential. What is essential is the horse being able to maintain its line and tempo (direction and speed) without constant management. If your horse runs off in the canter or drifts all over the place then jumping is not the solution. So assuming you can easily canter around the arena without too much trouble you can now approach the jump. Make sure it’s set in a location where it’s easy to turn towards it so you
Grab some mane and keep your eyes up. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 21
unsteady hands. We often recommend this one for young or green horses to help build their confidence in the bit and
ASK AN EXPERT
develop a lovely consistent contact. A Loose Ring is not still or stable, but it
Charmae Bell: Bit fitting expert
does give instant release from pressure and offers what we call pre-signal, which can lead to a lighter, softer feel for a rider on an established horse. And because it’s harder for them to fix or lean against loose rings, they’re also beneficial for horses who lean or can be a little resistant.
Owner of Bit Bank Australia and a bitting specialist since 2014, CHARMAE BELL answers some of the questions she is most frequently asked.
Q: How do I know if my bit fits? A : Excellent question! I love clearing up bitting myths and this is a big one with a lot of outdated information still in circulation. Bit fitting depends on two factors - the mouthpiece style and the cheekpiece style. We fit bits differently depending
Q: Do I need a Loose Ring or an Eggbutt? A : An Eggbutt cheekpiece belongs to the ‘fixed’ family. It’s still and stable in the mouth, which can be very beneficial for a horse who’s inconsistent in the contact, fussy in the mouth, or to help with connection for a rider who has
on the combination of mouthpiece and cheekpiece. Let me explain: for single jointed bits with either a loose or fixed ring, you need a space of 5-10mm between the lip and the ring An Eggbutt cheekpiece allows the bit to sit still and stable in the mouth.
22 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
on either side. This is because under contact these bits close up in the mouth,
ASK AN EXPERT
becoming smaller between the rings and potentially squeezing the face in what we call the nutcracker effect. For a double jointed loose ring bit, we only need a 2-5mm space either side between the lip and the ring to allow the ring to slide freely. Don’t be concerned about pinching, because these bits come further out of the mouth under contact so there’s plenty of clearance. A double jointed fixed side bit – an Eggbutt, Dee, or Full Cheek, for example – needs to be fitted snug right up to the lips with absolutely no gap. The same applies for Mullen Mouth bits and for double jointed mouthpieces.
Q: My bit has rubbed/pinched my horse’s lips. What should I do?
ABOVE: With little or no space between the lip and the ring, this bit is too small.
ABOVE: If the bit is too large, it will slide back and forth in the mouth causing friction rubs.
lateral movement, with the bit sliding
formulated bit and mouth butters contain
Turtle Top is genius in its own right and
back and forth in the mouth causing
no petroleum jelly or synthetic oils, and
is one of the only double jointed bits that
friction rubs between the wrinkles of
are much safer and more effective at
doesn’t exert any downward pressure
skin which appear to be pinches.
preventing injuries.
on the tongue due to its clever locking
The second reason a bit rubs is if it’s
Q: How can I tell if my horse’s bit is
link. I’ve often said that this bit will
fitted too tight on the bridle, over-
uncomfortable?
stretching the lip, which becomes even
A : Your horse will absolutely tell you
further stretched under contact from the
what they do and don’t love, some
trending that way. The Turtle Top
rider, and creating friction rubs between
more loudly than others! Some signs
mouthpiece was originally developed for
the skin folds.
are subtle, such as chewing on the bit,
horses who are overactive in the mouth
To allow this area to heal properly,
grinding the teeth, resistance, being
and fussy, chewing and chomping on
the horse needs as much time off as
difficult to bridle, going with the mouth
the bit. But in our bit fitting experience
possible without a bit. A cracked/rubbed
open, and inconsistent contact.
it’s been a fabulous bit for all types of
mouth is always more prone to re-injury
Some more obvious reactions are head
until the layers of skin beneath the
tossing, bucking, rearing, locking onto
surface have had a chance to rebuild.
one rein, crossing the jaw and bolting.
A : Ninety-nine per cent of the time, rubbing or pinching is caused by a bit that’s too large. This allows too much
A well-fitted bit should never pinch or rub – although for horses with very thin, delicate or pink skin it can be very hard to avoid. A material such as a copper alloy or sweet iron can help encourage salivation, which is your best defence against mouth injuries. We also highly recommend the use of a product such as Bit Butter, which provides
replace the standard KK Style training snaffle as the go-to, and it’s certainly
horses when a comfortable, stable, kind bit is needed. It’s an absolute game changer for off the track Thoroughbreds, and its dressage legal.
If you are experiencing any of these issues, or just feel that things could be better, get in touch with an Accredited Bit Fitter. A bit fitter will perform a complete inspection of your horse’s mouth and recommend bits that might suit, as well as giving you the opportunity to try the bits on the spot.
encouraging salivation. Do not use Paw
Q: What’s your favourite bit? A : My absolute favourite has to be the
Paw, Vaseline or vitamin E creams as
Neue Schule Turtle Top Eggbutt. This bit
these over-moisturise the skin, making
outsells every other bit on our website
Visit www.bitbankaustralia.com.au for
it even more prone to damage. Purpose
six to one, so we know it’s good! The
their full range of bits and services.
an element of lubrication as well as
The Neue Schule Turtle Top Eggbutt, Charmae’s favourite.
E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 23
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B
orn into a horse-loving family, Sarah Maxwell always wanted a career that involved equine
F E AT U R E
Life on the force
workmates. First sitting on a horse at eighteen months old, her Year 10 work experience was with the mounted police and she continued to find herself drawn to the force: “When I saw the mounted police out and about, I knew in the pit of my stomach that it was something I
If you’ve decided that your career path must include horses, there are many different ways to arrive at that destination. CHRISTINE ARMISHAW recently explored one road rather less travelled.
wanted to do.” Certainly, if you’re lucky enough to be based in a city with an equine unit, a big, bold police horse, all decked out and matching perfectly with his counterparts, is a sight to behold.
F E AT U R E
So, now with more than 14 years’
ten. But if they are not in that age range
always looking for suitable horses. We
service on the force, first as a forensic
and they are an exceptional horse, we
check online in all the normal places,
investigator, Sarah decided to make the
may still consider them.”
and we’ve got a couple of staff here who
move to the NSW Mounted Unit seven and a half years ago, where she is now a Sergeant and an Instructor. The amazing equines that make up the squad get there through a series of tests, and must pass each stage before moving onto the next. Would-be contenders fall by the wayside, with only the calmest, most resilient, and bravest of horses making it through. Indeed,
Horses joining the force come from a variety of backgrounds. “From horses
have horse acquisition as their specific portfolio. They’re always looking.”
that have never left the property they
Meet ‘n’ greet
were bred on, to horses that have done
Finding a potential recruit is just the
a bit of eventing, Pony Club, or adult
first step of the journey. There’s quite a
riding. It doesn’t really matter, what’s
process involved in getting a horse from a
important is how they cope with new
prospect to a fully-fledged member of the
situations, and that they’ve got the right
troop. According to Sarah, the required
temperament,” Sarah tells me. “We’re
attributes are pretty standard: “When we
only one in ten completes the process and earns their badge as a fully qualified police horse. But what does it take to make it as a bay in blue?
Selection Firstly, the selection process starts with the basics. “All our horses have to be black, brown or bay, and they need to be 16 hands high or bigger,” Sarah explains. The unit has been formed for almost 200 years and they like to maintain tradition, hence the unified colour scheme. But practical reasons are also at play. Having one horse in particular stand out from the others could become a safety issue for that individual. However, she says that facial and leg markings are less of a concern. “We’ve got plenty of horses here with four white socks and a blaze. When we take them out to a protest or something similar, each horse wears matching protective demonstration gear on their faces and legs. And with that on, they all look very much like one another in a crowd.” The equine unit takes mares and geldings, with no preference for one over the other, but some prior training is a must. “The horse needs to be broken in and have a basic level of education. We don’t start horses here. We want them to have basic walk, trot and canter, and to move off your leg a little. But we do take them quite green so long as they are over at least three years of age,” Sarah explains. “We try and purchase our horses between the ages of three and
ABOVE: A mounted officer and troop horse wearing protective public order gear. LEFT: Leading an Attestation Parade at Goulburn Police College. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 29
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F E AT U R E
go out to look at them, we’re assessing things like what they’re like to be caught in the paddock, or how they react when you approach them in the box. What they’re like when you saddle them, and then how they are when the rider first hops on, all those types of things.” Other points of interest are how they go in walk, trot and canter; if they are able to do a bit of rein-back; whether they know how to leg yield; or, if they aren’t familiar with lateral work yet, what their reaction is when they’re met with pressure from the rider’s leg. Sometimes a feedbag will be thrown on the ground to see what happens when the horse is asked to walk over it. But as Sarah points out, it doesn’t have to be a perfect response: “If the horse shies or looks at something, that’s OK. But when you ask them to go forward, do they ABOVE: Nuisance training helps to prepare the horses and build their confidence. LEFT: Off duty troop horse Joker enjoys a cooling drink on a hot day. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 31
F E AT U R E
On patrol at Circular Quay. go?” Once again, it boils down to that
want to take them slowly to give them
more atmosphere, night patrols, football
all-important factor of temperament.
the best opportunity to succeed. With
games and so on,” Sarah explains.
Probation
some horses we know quite quickly that
Depending on how their suitability is
they’re not suitable and, for their own
It’s around this point where, if they are handling these situations well,
welfare, we don’t want to push them, so
and they pass a vet check, the trial is
we’ll just terminate their trial early.”
completed, and the rookie placements
a three-month trial. “We don’t want to
As the newbies begin to relax into their
are approved.
rush the horse, but rather to give them
surroundings, the ridden work gets
a chance to come and settle in. Even
underway. “We start out getting them
Police life
getting used to our stable complex in
confident in our little indoor arena.
along the same vein as you might expect
the city can be a big change in itself
We’re also able to use the facilities
of a sport horse. Regular schooling,
for a horse that’s come from having
at Centennial Parkland Equestrian
developing and refining the three paces,
always lived in a paddock,” Sarah says.
Centre, so we pop them on a float and
working on the bit, rein-back, lateral work
She elaborates on this important point:
take them over there to see how they
– all the fundamentals. “That all translates
“We want to slowly progress them at
cope in a different environment. From
to having a horse that’s with you on the
a pace they can handle. All the new
there, we start riding on some of the
street, which means you have control,”
experiences are a big ask of any horse,
quieter local streets where there’s not
Sarah says. “We also train in troop drills
like learning to walk on the road with
too much traffic. If they’re coping, we
with up to sixteen horses at a time. We
light rail and buses flying past, road
can slowly progress them one step at a
do a musical ride each year at the Sydney
works, big construction sites. We just
time, going further into the city, riding in
Royal Show. That kind of training readies
assessed at that first meeting, the horse will be brought back to headquarters for
32 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
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F E AT U R E
horses and riders to work as a troop for public order assignments.” Other interesting work in the form of nuisance training is carried out to further prepare the horses and help build their confidence. “We walk them over tarps and through waving flags, we have a bubble machine and a smoke machine, we shake maracas and bang tambourines to make noise,” Sarah says. “We always pair up our newer horses with one that’s very experienced, because they’ll take confidence from that other horse.” The ongoing training is effectively a lifestyle, and it really does cover all the bases. “Our horses are pretty wellrounded. We do a little bit of sporting,
Leaving the stables to go on patrol.
some jumping, a bit of cross country, we go on beach rides and bush rides,
horse. “We have a full-time farrier, our
quips. “We love our horses, and we
so they’re really fantastic all-rounders,”
horses all get frequent massages, we’ve
she adds with a smile – and I can hear
each have our favourites. We’re all quite
got great vets – if the horses need it,
the pride in her voice as she extols the
attached to them.”
they get it! We have a regular spelling
virtues of her charges.
program using paddocks all around
Sarah is quick to point out that the care
Sydney, and every horse gets out
the mould and, in the case of the
and well-being of the team is paramount
several times a year to just go and be a
exceptional horses that make it into the
– and this is evident in the meticulous
horse. They actually get more holidays
ranks of the prestigious Mounted Unit,
attention to detail that is paid to each
throughout the year than the staff!” she
nothing could be closer to the truth.
They say only shooting stars break
Public order training.
E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 35
T
o learn that among professional occupations, veterinarians are overrepresented in suicide
F E AT U R E
statistics globally is bad enough. To then discover that suicide rates for Australian
Valuing your vet
vets are some of the highest in the world is deeply disturbing. Dr Warwick Vale, President of the Australian Veterinarian Association (AVA) is blunt in his assessment: “At the moment it's at a crisis level, there's no doubt about
It’s something of a shock to learn that vets have
it. Practically speaking, we believe that
between two to four times the average rate of
in Australia we're seeing a veterinarian
suicide. AMANDA MAC spoke to AVA President Dr Warwick Vale about this concerning issue.
suicide death every 12 weeks.” Not all deaths by suicide are reported as such, so accessing verifiably accurate
F E AT U R E
LEFT: The suicide rate among Australian vets is at crisis level. ABOVE: One of the reasons equine vets stay in the sector is their love of horses and horse work. data isn’t always easy. However, based
impacting the profession. On the plus
and engineering, studying veterinary
on existing figures, veterinarians were the
side, the love of horses and horse
science leads to low income earnings.
only professional group to be singled out
work, challenges and accomplishment,
as being at-risk during a recent Australian
continual learning and social purpose
Government suicide forum.
(the ability to make a difference) were all
You may be wondering whether this is a
a source of considerable satisfaction.
recent phenomenon, but Warwick says that’s not the case: “Some of the earliest research that began to identify the statistics and raise concerns was around 2009. We started to realise that we had an issue with suicide and with mental
At the moment it's at a crisis level, there's no doubt about it.
health problems. So it’s long standing
Not feeling valued – with contributing factors such as lack of support, difficult client relationships, and difficult relationships with colleagues. Challenging work conditions, including long hours and after hour requirements. Negative impacts on mental wellbeing, such as chronic stress, burnout and poor work/life balance. So where do these issues start? Could
But on the down side, the list of ills is
the demands of the veterinary science
worrying:
curriculum be undermining the mental
equine vets either stay in, or leave the
Financial difficulties – vets graduate
health of undergraduates? Warwick
profession was recently commissioned
with significant educational debt,
confirms that there is evidence to
by Equine Veterinarian Australia, an
are the third lowest paid profession
suggest students are suffering increased
AVA special interest group. The multi-
one year post graduation, and
levels of stress and anxiety. “But we're
institutional study, led by Murdoch
the lowest paid three years post
not sure why that is. Universities have
University in collaboration with the
graduation. Recent data from a
responded to the challenges to graduate
Universities of Queensland and
graduate outcomes survey shows
and early career veterinarian mental
Adelaide, identified a variety of factors
that in contrast to medicine, dentistry
health by offering resilience training,
and that’s a worldwide trend as well.” A study examining the reasons why
E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 37
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F E AT U R E
mental health training, and professional career life topics. They’ve made a range of outside resources available to help educate students on how to maintain their mental health and well-being.” However, the success of these interventions is hard to determine: “We don't seem to be getting the results we’d like to see,” Warwick notes. “We haven't had a significant drop in the suicide rate for a couple of decades now. That said, it could be that we may actually be lessening the rate of suicide, that it might be even higher without those resources.” But here’s another layer to the puzzle that Warwick has identified as a threat: “The profession is toxic to some individuals, and some workplace conditions are toxic. So no matter how much you prepare students at university, it unfortunately does little to prevent that toxicity from potentially creating mental health problems.” And it’s not just the workplace that’s at fault, social media and the attitude of some clients also have a lot to answer for. “The age of social media has produced significant challenges for veterinarians. Bullying, trolling, abuse, aggression, those types of things in the public domain on social media sites like Facebook are definitely a factor,” Warwick tells me. “Research is showing us that these behaviours, which we didn't see prior to the rise of social media, are having a significant impost and negative effect on veterinarians’ mental health.” Much of this client vitriol has to do with the perception that vets overcharge for
ABOVE: Unfortunately, despite a vet’s best efforts, not all client relationships are this positive. that from disgruntled clients who are
is not much more than if you were an
confronted with economic challenges
employee because you've got massive
when their animals require treatment.”
infrastructure costs,” Warwick explains.
Words like those cut deep – particularly when you consider many veterinarians
“We don't get subsidised to buy our x-ray machines, or our ultrasounds, or
enter the profession with $200,000
our surgical equipment, or laboratory
to $300,000 in student debts. Most
equipment, and unlike a GP who will
practices can only afford to pay between
usually send you off to the appropriate
$70,000 and $85,000 for a veterinarian,
facility or to a specialist, we have to have
but that’s for someone with two to three
all that equipment on hand. And the
years’ experience. New graduates
financial investment is in the millions of
usually get less, so servicing their debt is
dollars. Setting up even a small practice
almost impossible.
would be upwards of $2,000,000.”
the most painful comments we hear is
And the figures don’t add up for
Clearly the frustration, despondency
‘you're supposed to love animals and
veterinarians who set up their own
and burnout experienced by many
all you love is money’. We often get
practices either. “Your average salary
veterinarians can’t all be slated back
their services, a dissatisfaction that’s further fuelled if the client cannot afford the treatment their animal needs. “They shift the responsibility for the welfare of their animals onto veterinarians. They expect us to do the work for nothing or at a discounted price because we love animals,” Warwick says. “One of
E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 39
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F E AT U R E
not sure that the profession as a whole or the community really understand the physical toll that working with larger animals, particularly horses, takes,” he says. “There are very high rates of major injuries, including fractures, facial fractures, and severe open traumas. And that’s another reason why we struggle to recruit and retain equine veterinarians. Many veterinarians just find it too dangerous. They’ve been injured and they drop out.” While Warwick is not aware of any specific research into the possible correlation between injury and mental health issues, anecdotally, it wouldn’t surprise him: “I know a lot of colleagues who’ve had their careers cut short because of injury. And most of them were very focussed, it was their passion. So when they can no longer do the work they love, that really is quite distressing for them.” Warwick certainly doesn’t shy away from acknowledging that there’s much to be done in the workplace to help reduce the stress, depression, and anxiety many veterinarians are subject to, but he also has an important take home message for animal owners: “The community has a role in better understanding the pressures, constraints, and the business model that veterinarians work within. ABOVE: Achieving a veterinary science degree is a lengthy, demanding and expensive process.
We're not making mega bucks out of treating your animals. In some cases we're barely recovering our costs.”
to unappreciative clients, something
bitten by dogs and cats for example, is
of which Warwick is well aware: “As a
not uncommon, equine veterinarians
And whether or not these shifts in
profession we have to change a lot of
are particularly vulnerable. “There have
perception are achieved might well
things about how we run our businesses.
been some studies done in Britain and
Employing a veterinarian and expecting
Australia over the past couple of years
them to be on call every other weekend,
that show large animal veterinarians,
or for 24 hours at a time, or every third
and equine veterinarians in particular,
weekend with every third night on call
have one of the highest rates of
– which is a very common thing for a
workplace injuries, making it one of the
horse veterinarian – those type of work
most dangerous professions, or most
practices are going to have to change
dangerous jobs actually, in the world to
because they're just not sustainable.”
undertake,” Warwick explains.
And as if all of that wasn’t enough,
This significantly increased incidence of
If this article has raised issues for you,
another aspect to this already troubling
injury, both minor and serious enough
or for someone you know, contact
scenario is the issue of workplace injury.
to warrant hospitalisation, is hardly likely
Lifeline on 13 11 14, or Beyond Blue on
Although small practice injuries, getting
to improve anyone’s anxiety levels. “I'm
1300 22 4636 (both services are 24/7).
have implications for the future of a sustainable veterinary service in Australia. “People need to work with us and not against us,” Warwick says. “We need support, understanding, a lot less abuse, and a little bit more empathy. That would be something the community should start thinking about.”
E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 41
xxx
H
orses with anhidrosis have lost the ability to sweat, which means they cannot regulate
VET VIBES
their body temperature and are therefore prone to overheating. In an attempt to
Don’t sweat it
cool they have to use other methods like panting, and are known as ‘puffers’. Anhidrosis has been recognised since the early 20th century. The condition affects horses of all age groups, breeds,
Cooling tents at the Tokyo Olympics were a clear reminder of the importance of not letting horses overheat. But what happens when they can’t sweat? Veterinarian DR. DOUG ENGLISH looks into this unusual condition.
coat colours, genders and activities and it’s common among horses in hot, humid environments. The causes and the way in which the condition develops are largely unknown and no consistently effective treatment has been found.
VET VIBES
cells become less specialised) and
The ability to sweat is initially lost over
ultimately to degeneration.
the rump, thighs and rib cage, with
It was originally suggested that anhidrosis was a disease typical of horses imported into tropical countries with high humidity, making the
remains under the mane and saddle, and the groin, auxiliary, and anal areas. A persistent elevated rectal temperature
the body. However, it has now been
above 39°C, dry skin, dilated skin blood
reported in non- tropical regions that
vessels, and rapid breathing at rest
have hot, humid summers.
are common indicators. Breaths may
A survey of 500 horse farms in Florida
exceed 100 per minute (panting), with
found the prevalence of anhidrosis
a rectal temperature of around 41°C.
was 11.2%, or 56 out of the 500 farms.
Such horses are visibly distressed, have
The occurrence of the condition was
high heart rates, and if further worked
significantly different among regions:
can die of heart failure. And by the way,
5.2% in northern Florida, 13.4% in central
thirty minutes is about normal for return
Florida, and 26.5% in southern Florida.
to resting breathing rate, heart rate and
anhidrosis was 1.8%, or 83 out of 4,620 horses. And again, the frequency of
What it is?
body. Slight residual sweating normally
evaporation of sweat useless to cool
At the animal level, the incidence of
When sweating doesn’t reduce a horse’s temperature, hosing down with cold water is essential.
progressive involvement of the rest of the
temperature. You should know your horse’s normals because you are a good owner and monitor them regularly.
the condition was significantly different
Chronically affected horses become
among regions - 0.08% in northern
lethargic, lack appetite, develop
Florida, 1.7% in central Florida, and
distinctive flaky, hairless skin regions –
4.3% in southern Florida. The average
particularly over the face, head and neck
age when horses, both homegrown
– and lose weight.
and imported, were first affected with
In temperate and subtropical climates,
anhidrosis was 10 years old. Warmblood
there can be a partial recovery of the
breeds and Thoroughbred horses
ability to sweat during winter. However,
seem to be afflicted at higher rates than
the degree of recovery becomes
Quarter Horses, and Arabians are even
progressively less with each ensuing
less susceptible.
year. Before settling into a permanently
Inadequate heat acclimatisation is
anhidrotic state, some horses go
a major predisposing factor for the
through one or more short cycles of
condition. Other factors include a
sudden onset anhidrosis followed by
Described as an inappropriate response
nervous temperament, electrolyte
spontaneous recovery.
to prolonged climatic stress, generally a
deficiency, arsenic tonics, decreased
combination of heat and high humidity,
functioning of the adrenal glands, a
In a normal horse, around two-thirds of
it can be evoked in a small proportion
genetic predisposition, and infections.
of the equine population (estimated at
Diet and exercise, a diet high in protein
around 5%, give or take). It’s believed to
and energy combined with hard work for
be caused by the gradual failure of the
example, have been identified as likely
sweat gland cells to produce sweat, and
to aggravate the condition but are not
can be triggered by a desensitisation
included as predisposing factors.
and subsequent down-regulation of the
Symptoms
away from the skin surface. Without
Abnormally rapid breathing is the most
sweating, it has been estimated that the
cell receptors as a result of continued adrenaline-driven hyperactivity.
the heat generated by muscle activity is lost through evaporation (more than 10 litres of sweat can be produced during each of the first several hours of exercise), around one third through the respiratory tract, and minor amounts by radiation, convection, and conduction
common clinical sign. Intolerance to
core temperature of a horse galloping
As the condition progresses, the inability
exercise and a slow return to a normal
3.2 kilometres would increase by 6.1°C.
to secrete sweat culminates in gradual,
respiratory rate and rectal temperature
To avoid overheating, the horse with
and probably irreversible, glandular
post exercise are indicators of a
anhidrosis must resort to methods such
dedifferentiation (a process in which
possible problem.
as panting, or ‘puffing’. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 43
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44 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
8
VET VIBES
must be taken if supplementing with thyroxine since increasing the metabolic rate could be harmful. Clenbuterol has been used to increase sweating but again, care is needed as stimulation of the sweat glands results in prolonged desensitisation. Glucocorticoids may be useful, and so too other drugs like sodium nedocromil and ketiofen. Acupuncture has also been used with reports of benefits. A number of factors influence the rate of heat loss, including the rate of air movement across the skin, and the humidity of that air. Also, the large body mass to skin surface ratio means there ABOVE: Racehorses are exercised at break of day to avoid the risk of overheating in high temperatures.
is a only a small surface area from which cooling evaporation can occur, and competition between skin and muscle
Note: Sweating in a normal horse leads to
up at dawn and exercise your horse –
during exercise means muscles take the
the loss of electrolytes such as chloride,
it’s not a coincidence that racehorses
majority of the circulation resulting in a
potassium and sodium in salts, which
are always exercised at break of day!
slower rate of heat loss during exercise.
should be replaced through the diet.
Provide fans, sprinklers, or even air
Treatment
conditioning in their stables, and choose
At the molecular level anhidrosis is still not well understood, and there is no reported treatment for it that passes even the lowest standard for evidence-
paddocks with big shady trees. While effective, the option of moving to a cooler, low humidity environment is not often possible.
based medicine. Treatments more
A feed supplement that contains
often rely on clinical impressions rather
L-tyrosine, ascorbic acid, niacin, and
than scientific fact. A wide variety of
cobalt is commercially available as
drugs have been tried and many of the
One AC. This formulation is based on the
‘success’ stories have been coincidental
supposition that tyrosine is potentially
with the spontaneous reversions that
involved in anhidrosis, and there are
can happen in cooler months, or after
anecdotal reports from veterinarians
the horse has been moved to a cooler
that it has proved beneficial.
and less humid environment.
Management
Injection with methyldopa has had some reported success, which is believed
When sweating does not work to reduce
to be due to decreasing the hormone
the horse’s temperature, cooling by
epinephrine at the sweat gland cells
hosing down with cold water is essential.
receptor sites.
Include extra electrolytes, such as 60 grams of potassium chloride (or balanced electrolytes with an emphasis on potassium) in their feed, provide plenty of cool, clean, water that’s appealing to drink, and dams to swim in (but not to drink).
Feeding iodinated casein to stimulate thyroid activity, with the flow-on effect of increasing adrenal function, has been reported as beneficial, as has supplementation with thyroxine. But there has been no documentation of changes in the T3 or T4 hormone levels
Do not exercise in the hot parts of the
(essential for proper functioning of the
day. During summer in hot climates, get
thyroid) in horses with anhidrosis. Care
ABOVE: In a normal horse, more than 10 litres of sweat can be produced during each of the first several hours of exercise. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 45
F E AT U R E
Confident cross country Cross country training isn’t all galloping hell for leather over big fences, neither is it perfect distances and stride control. So, how should you train? ENYA CROCKFORD explains.
I
recently spoke with Sarah Clark, a
the greenest of green horses to riding
5* eventer who has a track record
through 4* and 5* combinations.
for producing young horses to
the top levels of the sport. In Sarah’s expert opinion, the success of this phase comes down to two seemingly contradictory things: teaching the
First, envision a red string from your eyes onto the intended path over the fences. Now imagine your legs and hands are bumpers similar to those in bumper bowling. When the horse tries
horse to think for themselves, while still
to deviate from the line, they simply hit
listening to their rider. Neither horse
the left or right bumper and thus have to
nor rider gets it right 100 per cent of the
stay in the middle. This avoids fighting
time, so the horse needs to learn to use
them onto the line or accidentally
their initiative and develop a sense of
overcorrecting them.
self-preservation, all while responding to your aids.
Their responsibility: footwork
With all the adrenaline that cross country brings, how do you teach your horse to maintain the pace you set? Sarah is
A safe cross country horse is one
a big believer in doing things slowly
who takes responsibility for their own
from the start, giving your horse time to
footwork, rather than always relying on
figure questions out and to answer them
you to place them on the correct stride.
without a rush of blood.
Good footwork can be developed by riding over different terrain and lines, which we’ll discuss in more detail below.
Your responsibility: line and pace
If your horse does get excited, be consistent in correcting any changes in pace. Sarah uses a lot of halts in her
With Cassage S at the 2020 Wallaby Hill CCI3*-S (Image by Melissa Goodson, Snapshotaustralia). when to push and when to wait, and that leads us to our arena exercises, which are an excellent way of safely developing your feel and your horse’s ability to think about their feet.
training – four strides before or after the
Training on the arena
Sarah says that as a rider, your two
fence – to make sure the horse is listening
While there’s no substitute for
primary responsibilities are the line you
and to defuse any tendency to rush.
take and the pace of your approach.
schooling on a course, there are several
Developing feel
fundamental cross country skills that can
In addition to deciding the line and pace,
be developed on the arena. You can do
it’s also your responsibility to hone your
some of these exercises even before
From the very beginning of their training, you should teach your horse to maintain the line you ride them on. Focus on teaching your horse to correct their line by responding to your aids, as opposed to manhandling them into straightness.
ability to feel what’s happening and to react to it quickly. This comes through time, experience, and getting to know
you and your horse have reached the stage when you’re ready to start jumping.
your horse. While you’re teaching your
Provided you can stop, go, and steer, you
Sarah has two tips for riding accurate
horse to figure their feet out, you can’t
can begin putting in the building blocks
lines that can be used from schooling
just be a passenger. You have to learn
to set yourselves up for success.
46 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
F E AT U R E
1. Scattered poles
3. Introducing narrow poles
wings further away from the drum.
Scatter between four and ten poles
Get your horse used to the idea of
Guiding rails placed on the end of each
around the arena (or your riding area)
narrow fences by walking and trotting
drum can also help.
and trot over them from a variety of
over narrow poles with wings on either
angles and lines. This teaches your
side. Remember to keep your horse
horse to think about their feet and to
straight with your ‘bumpers’! From here
step over the pole no matter what line
you can raise the pole into a small fence.
they’re placed on. It also helps you ride accurate lines. If your horse is very green, you can always start this in walk.
5. Putting a course together Once your horse has been introduced to narrow fences and has practiced finding their own stride over poles, you
4. Introducing drums
can string together a course of regular
To begin jumping potentially spooky
show jumps, drums, skinnies, and even
objects like drums, Sarah starts off with
makeshift apexes.
2. Pole patterns
a drum on either side of the pole. She
Place your poles in a pattern such
then gradually moves them closer until
Rather than setting smooth lines with
as a square, triangle, hexagon or
the horse is jumping the drums. Once
perfect distances, place the jumps
combination of shapes, and find various
this has been achieved successfully,
irregularly so your horse has to focus
lines through them. This adds an
she takes one drum away so the horse
on their footwork, and you keep your
extra challenge to the scattered poles
is jumping a single drum with wings on
focus on the line and pace. Initially
exercise because the poles come up
either side. When the horse is confident
these jumps should be set much lower
much more quickly.
and straight, she begins moving the
than the height you and your horse are E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 47
F E AT U R E
confidently jumping. Make sure they stay low enough so that if there’s a mistake or awkward distance, it will become a learning experience without shaking anyone’s confidence.
Terrain training Hacking out on varied terrain – walking on a long rein up and down hills, over streams, fallen branches, and uneven ground – is another essential part of your horse’s cross country training. Sarah advises you to sit back and keep your horse on a long rein if it’s safe to do so, giving them the opportunity figure out their own way through and over these ‘obstacles’. Doing this at a slow pace will give your horse time to develop their coordination, control their feet, and work out how to use their head and neck for balance. Terrain training also allows you to develop the confidence to give your horse control over their own body, rather than grabbing the reins if they lose their balance.
Schooling on course If you’re training for an event, it’s important to school on a course when you can. Here are some of Sarah’s tips for your ‘real’ cross country training.
Ditches, banks and water: For these types of obstacles, it’s essential to take the time to build your horse’s confidence from the very beginning. Just like your terrain training, start slow and small, preferably in walk on a long rein, which gives your horse the opportunity to figure out how to negotiate the obstacle successfully. Adding your arena exercises: If you have the opportunity to take drums, poles and wings out on course, set up some of your arena lines in combination with ditches, banks and varied terrain. It’s a great way to train different lines and improve coordination and accuracy.
ABOVE: Sarah, this time with LV Balou Jeanz, at the 2021 Wallaby Hill CCI4*-S (Image by Melissa Goodson, Snapshotaustralia).
Developing adjustability: Just as important as the jumps and terrain is your horse’s ability to travel in an open canter or gallop, and then come back into a steadier, shorter canter before a fence. Sarah explains that while many top level riders look as if they’re doing nothing and E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 49
F E AT U R E
the horse is adjusting of their own accord, in reality the horse has been trained to be so responsive that we don’t see the adjustments being made. When you’re starting out, it’s unlikely to be quite so smooth and subtle! Don’t be afraid to make your aids loud if your horse isn’t coming back to the pace you are asking for. Sarah also uses fitness work as an opportunity to train her horses’ ability to go forward and come back. She makes sure they have their mind on her at all times, and that they will wait when asked. While there are quite a few tips and exercises here, don’t panic! You don’t have to do them all at once. Instead, think of them as tools to help you and your horse become a confident and capable cross country combination, navigating the training journey at your own line and pace.
ABOVE RIGHT: With LV Balou Jeanz at the Adelaide CCI 5*, (Image by Emma Kalderovskis). ABOVE: Sarah and Cassage S competing in the Wallaby Hill CCI3*-S (Image by Rodney’s Photography). 50 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
BEFORE
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Prolonged exposure to wet conditions, muddy yards or uneven surfaces can lead to a number of devastating health problems for our four-legged friends, which is why Geohex shines as the costeffective, durable, easy-to-install solution that keeps your horses dry in every season and through any weather. When it comes to equine health and performance, there’s no one-size-fitsall approach because every horse and every rider are so different. However, ensuring you have a safe, happy and healthy horse is a very good place to begin – and might just prove to be the foundation for a future world champion. Geohex is proudly Australian made in Sydney, Australia, and is available Australia wide through a comprehensive network of stockists. To find out more about Geohex, or to find your closest Geohex stockist, visit www.geohex.com.au. FAR LEFT: Easy to install, Geohex pavers simply lock into place. ABOVE LEFT: Mud increases the risk of debilitating disease and injury. ABOVE RIGHT: Geohex is ideal for stable flooring. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 53
F E AT U R E
S
ince the introduction of MIM frangible devices on cross country
F E AT U R E
Frangibles and yellow clips
fences (designed to help prevent
rotational falls and other serious injuries to horse or rider), the FEI has been gathering statistics on the application and success, or not, of frangible activations during competitions. Note: Wayne’s previous article on frangibles can be found in our July/August 2021 issue. It was discovered that off centre hits on rails didn’t always activate the device,
FEI cross country Course Designer and an expert on frangibles, WAYNE COPPING discusses recent modifications to the device and explores the debate surrounding yellow clips and penalty points.
and with many Course Designers employing angled rail fences and railed corners in combinations, it was felt that another system was needed. The problem that needed solving was that
F E AT U R E
if a horse was slightly off centre to the jump, something that occurs quite often with narrow obstacles, there was a danger they could contact a still upright post, thereby trapping or slowing their leg action and contributing to a fall.
their appropriate fitting. Incorrectly fitted
The answer was to take away the upright posts left standing after a frangible clip was broken, and to achieve that the MIM post and rail kit (Diagram 1) was modified. In the new design, the top rail is directly attached to the post with secure fixings incorporating a type of housing or mitre joint. The posts are then cut approximately 40 centimeters down from the top overall height of the fence. A MIM hinge plate is fitted to the top section (see Diagram 2, page 56), while the bottom section of the post is firmly fixed into the ground. Depending on the weight of the rails and the angle of approach to the obstacle, the two sections are then joined with either a yellow or red MIM clip.
complex cutting and fitting within quite
the possibility of a serious fall NOT
However, there are many, many
The advantage of this system is that when the device is activated, the rail and the top section of the post fall away, leaving a clear and much safer area for the horse’s legs to pass through.
compensate for a wrongly or poorly
instances in the field where cross
designed or sited fence’. But how often
country obstacles have been designed
do we see examples of fences that
as a frangible fence from the very start,
would never have been built prior to the
and would be unsafe to jump at all if
introduction of frangible devices?
not frangible.
However, one of the dangers I see with this system is that if the very precise and detailed installation instructions are not adhered to, it could lead to further danger. Furthermore, all Officials need
According to the Guide, a frangible
I have heard it said recently that the
device should only be used if it
test is now the frangible device, not
enhances the safety of a fence without
the jump. If this is obvious to the
changing the original design. In fact, the
general public, for the sake of our sport
FEI is very specific on this point: ‘The use of frangible mechanisms must never
something needs to be done about
to be familiar with frangible devices and
devices could result in no penalties being imposed, or conversely, too many. The new kits for corner fences are also interesting (see Diagram 3, page 56). They are very involved and require closely defined margins. The installation of these kits would require very capable and experienced builders. My main reason for attempting to describe these new FEI approved versions of MIM frangible devices is to
Diagram 1: The mimSAFE FEI approved post and rail kit.
illustrate how just the slightest deviation
be used to change the design, siting or
from the precise installation instructions
build of a fence or alter what a course
can lead to either early activation,
designer (CD) would normally design
incorrect activation, or non-activation.
were these mechanisms not available
There are a number of other factors which come into play here which I will attempt to outline. The FEI Eventing Cross Country Guide for Officials states that: ‘Frangibles are designed to reduce
… Similarly, the use of a frangible mechanism must not justify siting a fence where a CD would not normally put one, nor justify a change of height of a fence.’
it. Clinics are also being conducted to show riders how to train their horses to jump frangible fences. Have we missed the point that during cross country, horses feel their way around a course and will not over jump if there is a difficult test in front of them? In fact, they tend to jump in a flatter style because they are required to travel at faster speeds than is the case in show jumping. FAR LEFT: A National Eventing Selector and 5* Course Designer, Wayne was instrumental in helping to fine tune and introduce frangible devices to Australia. LEFT: An example of a device being used to enhance the safety of a fence without changing the original design. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 55
F E AT U R E
As you are probably aware, there has
the device adheres to the principles in
been much recent discussion around the
that it cannot roll free, or present any
problem of yellow clip activation and its
other danger to horse or rider, they
attendant 11 point penalty. I have read
could be allowed. I see no problems
articles by well-known and respected
with this concept as we would be
riders who want to have the penalty
generating another level of safety into
removed, or for it to be subjective to
our courses with minimal expense.
where the horse actually struck the fence.
The silver clips! MIM have introduced
The FEI on their part have updated all
a non-frangible silver clip to be placed
the frangible requirements, including
on fences with yellow clips until the
a new more simplified test with a
competition starts. This is an indication
kettlebell, hoping that this will bring new manufacturers and new designs into the
of just how easily the yellow clips are
market. But the difficulty is being able
subject to stress. I can only wonder
to get a new device through the testing
how long it will be before a silver clip
process, which is very involved and requires the device to conform to all the published standards. Of course, because
Diagram 2: A cut post with a MIM hinge plate fitted to the top section.
is left on a jump and be responsible for a fall because the fence can’t activate properly. This seems to me
of the 11 penalties it’s essential that
a round. However, if the activation is
to be another task for the course
every design passes this rigorous testing
the result of a clear miss by the rider,
builders and another impost financially
process to ensure riders are competing
the horse running through the spot, or
for any organizing committee.
on a level playing field. Sadly, we have
related problems, then it can be dealt
already been witness to many incidents
with within the dangerous riding rules,
in which the penalty was not deserved,
or even by having another line added
and in some cases, this has resulted in a
to the rules to cover such eventualities.
lost placing in a major event.
The other major benefit I see is
If the penalty is taken away I can
that alternative frangible methods
see some immediate major benefits to
can be introduced (and I have seen
the sport:
many others) without having to go
Without a penalty the incidental
through the testing process. Using the
The angle of approach to use a yellow clip is 45 to 67.5 degrees. But what happens if the rider decides to take a tighter or straighter line to the obstacle, something that riders do quite often, either intentionally or accidentally? If the approach is straighter, the clip will break with less force or a lighter contact – a greater
activation of a device is no longer
kettlebell test it would be fairly simple
relevant. Course officials already
to come up with a frangible that will
have the ability to decide on a penalty
activate if hit with the required force
within the dangerous riding rules. The
and can be readily reset for the next
I think there are just too many variables
majority of frangible activations would
horse. In fact, if the device has had
with these situations to continue with
not be considered as preventing a
a hit and not activated, but has been
the 11 penalties. The removal of the
rotational fall or serious injury, just
weakened and then activates for the
penalty will make the application and
simply a horse rubbing a little too hard
next horse, would it really matter if
interpretation of judging frangible fences
over the fence during the course of
there is no penalty applied? So long as
much clearer and more transparent to the
angle and it may not activate at all which could still result in a fall.
general public and the sport’s supporters. I fully support the use of frangible devices in our sport, but we must find a clearer and more equal way forward for all.
Links: FEI standards for deformable and frangible devices https://bit.ly/3c8owdC, FEI Eventing Cross Country Guide for Officials https://bit.ly/3oepcUE, FEI Eventing kettlebell pendulum test Diagram 3: The mimSAFE FEI approved corner kit. 56 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
https://bit.ly/3n7JGix
E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 57
H
orses fed all the roughage, energy and protein they need
NUTRITION
Nutrition made easy
to grow, work, play, repair
and maintain their bodies can still lack vitamins and minerals. Vitamin shortages are most common when hay or grains form a large part of the diet because vitamins are most abundant in fresh plants. By the time hay has been stored for 12 months, it will have lost virtually all its vitamin content. Mineral shortages will depend on the plants eaten and the nutrient status of
Feeding horses well is not rocket science, but in terms of their performance and appearance the results can be mind-blowing. Equine nutritionist LARISSA BILSTON explains the logic behind good feeding.
the soil. Zinc, copper, iodine, selenium and vitamins B and E are almost always deficient in an unfortified diet, even when horses are grazing good quality pastures. So let’s look at the basics of choosing a healthy, balanced diet for your horse.
NUTRITION
Depending on the types of grasses your horse is grazing on, calcium supplementation may be required to keep their diet balanced.
It’s a simple, logical process
3. N ext, meet the horse’s protein
can bring the glow of inner health to
requirements (remembering to check
a horse, but only if they are fed all
for protein quality and lysine content).
the roughage (grass, hay and chaff),
When good quality roughage is
energy (from roughage and grains/oils
provided, a protein supplement is
if necessary) and protein they need. A
(grass, hay and chaff) – at least 1% of
usually only required by growing or
human also requires a diet balanced
the horse’s body weight in dry matter
breeding horses.
in carbohydrates, proteins and fibre to
The principles of equine nutrition can be broken down to four easy steps: 1. F irst, give the horse enough roughage
per day. The optimal daily dry matter
4. F inally, make sure the diet provides
get the most out of a multi-vitamin pill.
intake is between 1.5 and 2.5% of
sufficient vitamins and minerals in
Make sure the basics of your horse’s
body weight.
the correct ratios, as well as enough
diet are right!
omega-3 fatty acids to balance
Before choosing the best diet for
2. I f the horse’s energy requirements are greater than the energy content
omega-6 levels.
your horse, you need to know what’s
Start with a healthy basic diet
missing from their current diet. An
Even the best supplements and
equine nutritionist or specialist software
additives can’t overcome the limitations
(search online for a horse ration
of a poor base diet for horses, just as
designer or calculator) can help you
a multi-vitamin tablet can’t turn pie
estimate your horse’s current intake
and by-products if your horse is
and chips into a balanced, nutritious
and their requirements. Once you
prone to gastric ulcers, laminitis or
meal for humans! Quality supplements
know what’s missing, choose the most
‘hot’ behaviour.
and vitamin and mineral balancers
appropriate base diet for your horse
of the roughage, provide additional energy (grains, beet pulp, soy hulls or oils) to suit the work level or their breeding status. Avoid cereal grains
E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 59
NUTRITION
When good quality roughage is provided, a protein supplement is usually only required by growing or breeding horses. and add supplements to fill in the gaps.
To make the best choice, refer to
minerals your horse requires. In that
Always look for the most cost-effective
your diet analysis (the one from your
case, it might be more cost effective to
option on a per serve basis, not just the
nutritionist or specialist software) to find
add a single mineral separately rather
cheapest per pack.
out not only which vitamins and minerals
than increase the supplement dosage.
How to choose a supplement
are lacking in the diet, but how much
For example, limestone, is a cheap, well-
extra your horse needs each day.
utilised source of calcium. Magnesium
Most supplements contain a blend of
oxide is a good option when more
macrominerals (those which the horse
For instance, if your horse requires
requires in relatively large amounts) and
400 milligrams of zinc per day and his
microminerals (those needed in tiny
pasture, hay, and grain provide only 40
Balance mineral ratios
milligrams per day, your supplement will
Once you’ve found a supplement to fill
need to contain at least 360 milligrams
in all the vitamin and mineral gaps in
per serve.
your horse’s diet, you need to check that
proportions, but which are essential to good health). The macrominerals are calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, chloride, sodium and sulfur. The microminerals, sometimes called trace minerals, are cobalt, chromium, copper, fluoride, iodine, iron, manganese, selenium,
To make your calculations easier, the more user-friendly vitamin and mineral supplements on the market will list ingredients per serve rather than per kilogram. Don’t be fooled into thinking
magnesium is needed.
the mineral ratios are balanced. Even when a diet provides the recommended daily intake of every mineral, if the ratios between them are incorrect your horse won't be able to get enough to satisfy
that the product with 360 milligrams of
all their requirements and they will
zinc per 60 gram serve contains less
remain in deficit.
zinc than the product with a label that
Australian horse owners are well aware
Different supplements can contain very
reads ‘Zinc 2020 mg/kg’. That’s actually
of the importance of balancing calcium
different quantities of these minerals and
only 121 milligrams of zinc in a 60 gram
to phosphorous, and calcium to oxalate
it can be confusing to choose between
serve, or 202 milligrams in a 100 gram
ratios. Although oxalates are not
them. Just because a product lists all the
serve, which won’t meet the needs of
silicon and zinc.
Define what’s required
minerals you’re looking for doesn’t mean
the horse in the above example.
minerals, they bind much of the available calcium, leaving the horse deficient.
they will be included at a high enough
Sometimes even the best supplement
So ensuring these ratios are correct
level to meet your horse’s needs.
might be a little bit short on one of the
helps prevent ‘Big Head’ syndrome
60 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
“Low Starch CONFIDENCE has been an important part of my competition dressage horses’ diet for the last two years, of which I have seen fantastic results , including no laminitic issues and excellent healthy body condition, without being overweight” Heather Currie
Photo courtesy Martin Waddingham photography
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www.horsepower.com.au
NUTRITION
(a calcium deficiency disease) in horses grazing on high oxalate subtropical or coastal pastures, or those on very high bran/millrun/cereal diets. If your horse is grazing long term on pastures high in setaria, buffel grass, kikuyu, humidicola, pangola or green panic, you will need to provide calcium supplementation to keep their diet balanced. Guidelines to aim for include: The calcium to oxalate ratio of the whole diet must be greater than 0.5 to 1 especially for growing horses, or those kept for long periods of time on these pastures. The calcium to phosphorous ratio needs to be between 1-3 to 1 for growing horses, and between 1-6 to 1 for a mature horse, leaning towards the high end for horses grazing moderate/high oxalate pastures. Hint: feeding additional limestone can be a cheap solution to boost dietary calcium content. Keep the total calcium intake below five times the dietary requirement. Other mineral ratios of importance include: Calcium to magnesium should lie
Many Australian soils are selenium
Your time will be rewarded with the
deficient, so this mineral is often added
knowledge that your horse’s diet is
to horse feeds. However, be careful
giving them everything they need to
not to overdose on selenium through
look and feel their very best!
in the range of 1-2 parts calcium
different feed sources as it can become
for every part magnesium. Hint:
toxic at relatively low levels.
Larissa Bilston, BAgrSc (Hons 1), is a
Magnesium oxide is an affordable
Changing your horse’s diet
nutritionist with Farmalogic, where she
and effective ingredient to boost magnesium levels in the diet. Zinc to copper should be between 2-3 parts zinc for every part copper. Iron to copper should be between 5-10 parts iron for every part zinc.
Avoid Toxicity
If you change your horse’s feed you will need to review the vitamin and mineral balance. Be aware that the dietary gaps can vary significantly if you normally feed high levels of a fortified grain blend or pellets, and then reduce the amount if grass quality and availability increases, your horse puts on too much weight, or
The final step is to check that you’re not
you reduce their work load. A diet that
feeding too high a level of any nutrient.
was well balanced on four kilograms
Most vitamins and minerals have a very
of pellets per day can be very deficient
high safety margin but two to be aware
when cut back to half a kilogram of
of are selenium and iodine.
pellets per day.
Keep iodine levels below 5 milligrams
The process of choosing a good
per kilogram of dry matter fed. Keep selenium levels below
developed the Equine Vit&Min range.
base diet to meet your horse’s needs for roughage, protein and energy,
0.5 milligrams per kilogram of dry
then supplementing with vitamins
matter fed.
and minerals is well worth the effort.
ABOVE: Cereal grains and their byproducts can provide an additional source of energy, but they’re best avoided if your horse is prone to gastric ulcers, laminitis or ‘hot’ behaviour. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 63
F E AT U R E
Red bag foaling Thankfully it’s rare, but when it occurs your eagerly anticipated foal is in serious trouble. HEATHER IP recently went through this experience with a particularly precious baby.
A
‘red bag’ foaling – it’s something you don’t see often, but when you do it’s a serious emergency.
In an equine pregnancy, the foal is encased within two layers of sacs (see
Within the allantochorionic sac is allantoic fluid, and within that fluid is another fluid-filled sac, the amnion. The amnion is a translucent whitish membrane containing amnionic fluid and the foal itself. The umbilical cord passes
diagram below). The outer sac is called
from the foal, through the amnion to the
the allantochorion, and the chorionic
allantochorion, allowing nutrient and
(outer) side of this sac attaches to the
waste transfer between the mare and
lining of the mare’s entire uterus. It is a
the foal.
deep red colour and has a texture like
In a normal foaling, the waters break
velvet, where millions of tiny velcro-like
at the commencement of second
‘fingers’ attach to the endometrium throughout the whole uterus, providing the foal with all the nutrients, oxygen
stage labour, which means that the allantochorion ruptures at the level of the mare’s cervix, releasing the allantoic fluid (the ‘waters’) and allowing the foal
and waste removal required throughout
to pass through the cervix encased in the
the pregnancy and birth.
inner membrane, the amnion. The first thing that is usually seen emerging from the mare’s vulva in a normal foaling is a whitish bubble containing amnionic fluid and the foal’s two front feet and nose. If the appearance of the sac is more red than white, this is the chorionic side of the outer sac, indicating that the allantochorion hasn’t ruptured at the cervix and the placenta has separated from the endometrium too early. When this occurs, the foal no longer has an oxygen supply and every second counts. The foal needs to be delivered immediately to prevent it from being starved of oxygen, with likely fatal consequences. Early one morning in September, my five year old Warmblood mare, Dreamy,
64 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
F E AT U R E
Dreamy and Tilba. (All images courtesy Cooramin Sporthorses)
went into labour. I had been watching her from the caravan we have parked beside the foaling paddock, so as soon as she lay down for the first time, I went in to check on her. In a normal foaling it would be usual for the waters to break at around this point. In Dreamy’s case, she started straining, but the waters hadn’t yet broken. This was the first clue that this might be a red bag delivery. Sure enough, as she started to push, the red bag appeared. In Dreamy’s case, her waters did break at this point, but the fact that the red bag was visible was a sure sign that the foal was already being starved of oxygen. If her waters hadn’t broken naturally, I would have had to immediately cut open the
allantochorion and deliver the foal as
out of bed and we both pulled until our
quickly as possible. It is worth noting
hands and arms were burning.
that the allantochorion is quite a thick
A vet was called as soon as I realised I
and strong membrane, so scissors or a
couldn’t get the foal out easily, but she
scalpel blade should always be included
was a 20 minute drive away and I knew
in foaling kits.
that the foal would be dead by the time
In a red bag delivery, the longer the foal stays inside the mare, the longer it is
she arrived if we couldn’t get her out ourselves. After what felt like forever, with a little manipulation and a lot of
oxygen deprived, so I knew that I had
cursing, we finally managed to get the
to act fast to get the foal out so it could
foal out on the ground.
breathe for itself. I grasped the foal by the front legs and pulled in a downward arc towards the mare’s hocks, but the
She appeared utterly lifeless on delivery. Normal foals start breathing as soon as the chest leaves the mare and usually sit
foal was quite large and very, very stuck. After making very little progress, I called my long-suffering non-horsey husband
Warning: Graphic images on following page E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 65
F E AT U R E
ABOVE: In a normal foaling, the first thing to emerge is a whitish bubble containing amnionic fluid, and the foal’s front feet and nose. BELOW: A red sac indicates that the allantochorion hasn’t ruptured and the placenta has separated from the endometrium too early (Image by Julie Hewat, Rokewood Stud). up on their sternum almost immediately
to the point where she eventually
her into the horse float with Dreamy for
after foaling. This foal was not breathing
started trying to stand, but her legs were
a visit to the equine hospital.
and was completely unresponsive, as
so weak and uncoordinated that even
limp as a wet noodle, with blue gums
A foal that has been oxygen-deprived
when being held up she couldn’t take
indicating oxygen deprivation. I had a
during birth will very often show signs of
weight on her legs. So we carried her
neonatal maladjustment syndrome, more
onto an old horse rug and stretchered
frequently known as ‘dummy foal’. Our
foal resuscitation pump in my foaling kit, which I am sure saved her life. After what felt like several minutes of desperate pumping, watching the faint pulse in her neck getting slower and slower, she finally took a breath on her own. I couldn’t believe my eyes, as I was sure we were losing her. She lay flat and motionless for several minutes, taking noisy, laboured breaths. Then eventually she started to move and raised her head. It was at this point that the vet arrived. I am so thankful that I had the resuscitation kit and was able to resuscitate her myself, or I’m sure the outcome would have been worse. For the next hour or so, the vet and I watched her gradually become brighter
66 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
F E AT U R E
TOP: Tilba lay flat and motionless for several minutes after resuscitation. BOTTOM: Tilba and Dreamy in hospital, where Tilba was treated with oxygen, intravenous fluids and antibiotics. foal was showing every sign that this was the case, with an inability to stand and a lack of suck reflex. Dummy foals can make a full recovery, but only with very intensive nursing and veterinary care until they are able to live independently and nurse from the mare. Without this intensive care, they have a very poor prognosis as they are unable to feed themselves and obtain the vital colostrum. The filly, later named Tilba by her new owner, spent the next six days in intensive care, being nursed around the clock and being treated with oxygen, intravenous fluids and antibiotics. Dreamy was milked frequently and this was fed to the filly via a nasogastric feeding tube. As the days went on, Tilba gained strength and eventually started to nurse from Dreamy herself. After six days, we were so relieved to bring her home as a normal healthy foal. Tilba is a Warmblood filly by international dressage winner Totilas. Her dam, Dreamy, is by De Niro, one of the most successful international dressage sires of all time. She has been named Cooramin Te Fiti, taken from the movie Moana. In the movie, Te Fiti is a beautiful island that has lost its heart and Moana is responsible for returning Te Fiti’s heart to resurrect its former magic, so the name felt right for this foal that had almost lost her heart. Tilba’s arrival was an incredibly memorable and stressful one, but every day I am so thankful that we managed to pull her through, to grow up and have a chance at the dressage career she was bred for. Heather Ip owns and runs Cooramin Buckskin is the result of the cream gene acting on a bay horse.
Sporthorses in Wagga Wagga, where she breeds Warmbloods and performance ponies for dressage. For more information, visit www.cooramin.com.au E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 67
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6
Girth care Before getting into design, let’s consider
SADDLE UP
Getting to grips with girths
girth care. Girths are manufactured using an array of materials, from easy clean synthetic options to sheepskin or padded leather girths. Preventing girth irritation and galls is always a consideration for the competent horse owner, and regardless of the material used, girths must be kept clean and in good condition.
likely find an array of different girths.
As the science into saddle fit and design
Forward, anatomic, H, elasticated or not,
continues to expand our knowledge, the
For leather girths this means wiping them clean after every ride and nourishing regularly, as the salt in sweat will dry out and crack the leather if it’s not cared for. Sheepskin girths, often a favourite of the sensitive skinned horse, need to be kept clean and stored in well ventilated areas so they dry after use, preventing deterioration. A synthetic girth designed to be hosed clean should be cleaned and allowed to dry out of the sun. Think of your horse’s girth as you would a pair of your socks – to prevent irritation, you’d want them to be dry and free of dirt, sweat and mud when you
padded and more. What does it all mean
answer is irrefutably yes! Girths do matter.
put them on.
In Part One of this two-part series, expert saddle fitter KATHRYN SULLIVAN-BUTT explores the often puzzling world of the English saddle girth. Are all girths created equal? Definitely not!
W
alk into any saddlery, or fossick through your saddle fitter’s selection and you’ll
and more importantly, do these options actually make a difference?
70 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
SADDLE UP
ABOVE: Be sure you understand the pros and cons of elastic girths. LEFT: Example of a girth groove, conveniently in line with the post behind this eventer.
ABOVE: Worn girths should be retired as they can chafe or rub sensitive skin.
As part of your tack maintenance, check
the elasticated variety do potentially
the quality of the elastic will be a major
girth stitching and wear. View and
allow more give for the horse’s ribcage
factor in the girth’s longevity.
feel the inside of your girth to ensure
during respiration, or in the bascule over
there’re no worn edges or cracks that
The general consensus amongst fitters
a jump. Additionally, for small or arthritic
may affect safety and your horse’s
and saddlers is that non-elasticated, or
fingers an elasticated girth can assist in
comfort. If used regularly all girths
girths with small amounts of elasticity
getting the saddle done up on a horse
(quality elastic doubled or tripled for
that bloats (blows out during girthing).
strength and durability, for example),
have a safety and care use by date, but proper maintenance (ask your saddle fitter or read the manufacturer’s guide
The flip side is that elasticated girths
lines if you’re not sure) will prolong their
can be overtightened leading to horse
Once the surface that sits against the horse’s skin becomes cracked and rough, or elements of wear affect safety, it’s time to retire your girth.
are better than girths where the elastic stretches to double or more in length. And beware girths with elastic on only one side, which provide uneven tension and may even pull a saddle and rider to one side. They should only be used for remedial saddle fitting in conjunction with professional fitting advice. Ultimately, the most important factor in deciding whether to go elastic or not is
life. Once the surface that sits against
discomfort, or allow more movement
your horse. Many horses give a clear
the horse’s skin becomes cracked and
and therefore be less stable. The elastic
indication as to which they prefer, and
rough, or elements of wear affect safety,
is also often the first part of the girth
for this reason a saddle refit often entails
it’s time to retire your girth.
to deteriorate and should be checked
trialling a different girth to evaluate the
Elastic or not?
regularly. Once elasticity is lost, the
horse’s response.
There are many arguments for and
girth needs to be retired or the elastic
Where should we buckle up?
against elasticated girths. It’s true that
replaced. If purchasing an elastic girth,
Where you buckle up will differ between E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 71
SADDLE UP
A forward girth groove. long girths that buckle under the flap
often tacked up with saddlecloths that
Wide girth grooves accommodate
(long girth/short points as per many jump
are far too long. The saddlecloth should
large padded girths, which reduce
or all-purpose saddles) to short girths/
be shortened so the correct girth length
pressure per square centimetre and
long points that buckle below the flap.
is easily accommodated.
avoid localised pressure. However,
You may not always use the same hole
other horses may have a narrow girth
When buckling a long girth, the rider’s leg is a major consideration. The girth
on your girth points when buckling up
groove – a dropped belly behind the
should buckle behind the rider’s knee,
your girth. This may be for a variety
girth groove, an elbow that catches on
rather than under the area on which the
of reasons, including the shape of the
the girth as the shoulder retracts, a wide
leg rests.
barrel and drop of the horse’s belly;
With a short girth in combination
where the points are stitched to the
with long points, as in most dressage
saddle and how even they are; the
saddles, the primary consideration is the
angle of the strap coming down; and
location of the buckles and associated
girth buckles that are offset. It’s not
pressure for the horse. Due to a
important that the girth buckles up to the
confluence of nerve endings, sensitive
same hole number front and back, but
skin, and muscular anatomy, as well as
that the tension is approximately equal
the chance of the elbow catching on
on the girth points. However, buckles
the girth buckles, it’s recommended
should be approximately even on the
that the girth be buckled up as high
left and right side of the horse especially
as the saddle flap and saddle cloth
with anatomic shaped girths, which are
allow. There should still be one or two holes available to allow for comfortable
designed for the girth to sit centred over the sternum.
tightening of the girth without it reaching
Shaped and anatomic girths
the saddle flap or scrunching up the
Where the girth sits (the girth groove)
saddle cloth. And on that note, smaller
on a saddled horse is determined by
ponies, Galloways, or petite horses are
the anatomy of each individual horse.
72 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
ABOVE: This supported round centre is designed to provide sternum relief.
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Tips from The Saddle Hub Did you get stuck in the rain whilst riding? Every now and then we all ignore threatening clouds in favour of a quick ride. Sometimes the gamble pays off, and sometimes we get caught in an absolute downpour! Aside from a cold, wet rider and horse, that beloved saddle probably took its fair share too. So that begs the question, what’s the best way to care for a wet saddle? No matter whether it’s been spotted or soaked, it’s essential to deal with it immediately. The fibres in leather are held together by protein bonds that undergo changes when wet: they dry and shrink, they break, and holes are created in the fibres, causing the leather to weaken and wear more readily. The key is to act quickly and make sure the correct steps are taken. So here are our top tips for rescuing and restoring your saddle: Gently but thoroughly wipe off any excess water with a clean, dry towel. Let the saddle dry naturally (not in the sun, or in front of a heater, and put that hair dryer away!). Keep a careful eye on your saddle and try not to let it dry out too much as it may cause the leather to crack. When the saddle is almost dry (slightly damp is best) condition your saddle with balsam or another oil. Repeat the oiling process again in a couple of days until the leather feels strong and wellconditioned again. If your saddle is padded with wool flocking and it was well and truly soaked through, you may also need to call in your saddle fitter to ensure the saddle is holding its correct shape.
SADDLE UP
Another example of a forward girth groove. or narrow sternum, or a combination of all of the above – which will affect how different girths sit. To accommodate these differences in shape, a variety of shaped and anatomic girths are available. By distributing pressure over a padded or supported round centre, some reduce sternum
To accommodate these differences in shape, a variety of shaped and anatomic girths are available.
pressure, or reduce elliptical pressure where the force is greatest and where many girths buckle up. Many anatomic girths scoop back so the shoulder is less likely to catch or chafe on the girth. Different horses will respond differently in various anatomic girths, which is why good saddle fitters carry a range of different options as one size (or shape) certainly does not fit all. Girth options are endless and so careful selection with informed advice will assist in the best outcome. What works for a friend’s horse may very likely not work for yours, unless you understand why you are making that choice. Of course, horses being horses, it is often only until you try a girth that you’ll have the answer as they truly must have the final say. Stay tuned for the next issue of Equestrian Hub Magazine, when we’ll get into forward and rearward girths – when to use them or not, and why. Combined with correct girth
ABOVE: Anatomical girths come in a wide range of shapes and sizes because one size doesn’t fit all.
point selection, they may help prevent saddles shifting forward or back. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 75
76 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
EUROPEAN TRENDS
than normal so that stallions can lie down undisturbed,” Sonja Kruck, spokesperson for Gut Schönweide, explains.
Injury risk Warmblood stud Gut Schönweide’s magnificent stallion stalls.
EUROPEAN TRENDS
Science supports social stabling All horses need the opportunity to be social, and stallions are no exception. JESSICA MORTON takes a look at an interesting approach being put to the test by a leading Warmblood stud.
S
o often, the more expensive a
opportunities for social interaction with
stallion is, the less it gets turned
their neighbours.
out and the more it is kept in
strict isolation. But stallions living in permanent isolation often resort to
They presented their research and recommendations at the 2016 International Equitation Science
behavioural anomalies - cribbing,
Conference in Saumur, France. Their
weaving, aggression, or box-walking for
findings inspired Gut Schönweide
example - to deal with their boredom
owner Adrian Gasser to adopt the same
and frustration.
innovative design features in the stud’s
State-of-the-art German Warmblood
Sonja mentions that initially, the stallions exhibited some threatening behaviour. “There was some rearing, squealing and knocking against the bars with the front legs. For that reason, the stallions’ legs were bandaged the first day as a precaution – but there never was any real aggression, even during the breeding season.” Gut Schönweide’s approach is based upon the belief that when owners refuse their horses the possibility of socialising based on fear of injury, they are not considering how confinement affects the physical and emotional well-being of their horses. “We believe if stallions are able to enjoy the benefits of socialising every day, that will actually lower the risk of injury and allow space for an even better relationship to develop,” Sonja concludes.
newly constructed breeding facility.
stud Gut Schönweide is bucking this
This progressive stabling concept
unhealthy trend, and encourages all
incorporates open windows to allow
stallion owners to consider allowing
horses to observe the external
their stallions the opportunity for free
environment, and grids between boxes
exercise and social contact.
that permit restricted tactile contact
Stallions need play time too
Surprisingly, there was never any real aggression displayed by the stallions. “No serious injuries have been recorded yet”, she says, “only the occasional nip or ripped horse rug. We attach great importance to the well-being of our horses. The design of the boxes, the size, and the grid placement, have been extensively researched, improved and adapted time and time again to minimise any risk of injury to the horses.”
between neighbors. “Our social grids permit the stallions to extend their heads
In response to an increasing need
and necks into the box next door and
to find better housing solutions for
socialise with their neighbour. The grids
stallions, the Swiss National Stud in
are installed on just one side of the box,
Avenches began experimenting with
so the stallions have space to withdraw
the idea of ‘social boxes’, designed
without feeling harassed from each side.
to allow individually housed horses
At five metres square, the boxes are larger
Social boxes allow interaction between neighbours.
E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 77
T
he most important and most limiting nutrient in the horse’s diet is one rarely thought about:
water. Often overlooked in discussions
F E AT U R E
involving equine nutrition, water is the first limiting nutrient for any horse.
The first limiting nutrient
An adult horse’s body is composed of roughly 70 per cent water, equating to approximately 360 litres for the average 500 kilogram horse. Foals’ bodies have even higher water content, roughly 80 per cent on a weight-to-weight basis. The amount of water a horse requires daily is determined by the magnitude
In the first of a two part special feature, DAVID NASH, Director of Nutrition Technology at Kentucky Equine Research, talks water quality and its role in determining both your horse’s intake and health.
of water losses from its body. These losses occur through faeces, urine, respiratory gases, and sweat, and, in the case of lactating mares, milk. Water requirements are also dependent on factors such as age, environment, temperature, humidity, exercise intensity
F E AT U R E
and duration, basal fitness level, and type and quality of feed consumed. In
A study has shown that horses prefer blue buckets.
the case of lactating mares, stages of lactation also play a large role in water requirements. A general guide for water consumption for a mature idle horse is 5 litres per 100 kilograms body weight.
Table 1: Average water intake for 500kg horse. Average Intake for a 500kg Horse Mature idle 20°C
21-29 ltrs
Mature idle 30°C
42-54 ltrs
Lactating mare
40-63 ltrs
Moderate exercise 20°C
26-46 ltrs
Moderate exercise 30°C
72-92 ltrs
Yearling (300kg)
17-21 ltrs
Source: NRC 2007.
Table 1 depicts ranges of water intake for various categories of horses. You’ll notice that environmental temperature has a dramatic effect on water consumption. When temperatures rise, intakes rise – but in cooler weather voluntary intake drops and this can lead to an increased risk of impaction colic. The addition of salt to the diet will drive the thirst response and increase the horse’s desire to consume water. Water temperature also plays a role in voluntary consumption. Around 10
Diets higher in fibre, protein, sodium and potassium can increase water intake, and subsequently result in increased
Table 2: Moisture content of typical feed ingredients.
to 18°C seems to be the sweet spot
urinary excretion.
Moisture Content of Typical Feed Ingredients
for encouraging consumption. Studies
Monitoring horses' water intake on
showed a drop in consumption of 38 to
Grain/Prepared feeds ~8-12% Moisture
pastures can often be misleading,
41 per cent when horses were offered
especially when pastures are lush
near freezing water. In parts of the world
and green. Green pastures can be
where temperatures sometimes drop
65 to 80 per cent water, meaning
below freezing, farm managers install
many horses consume much of their
heated waterers or troughs to encourage
water requirement simply by eating
consumption. Aside from temperature,
pasture. A study of mares showed a
freshness, purity and palatability are also
pasture intake of 61 to 75 kilograms for
factors influencing consumption.
pregnant mares, and 39.5 kilograms for
As a general rule, water intake is
non-pregnant mares. The pasture was
proportional to dry matter intake, but
measured at 79.6 per cent moisture
the composition and digestibility of the
which was an equivalent of 31 to 60
feed is also a factor. Horses consuming
kilograms of fluid, which is very close
all-hay high fibre diets drink more water
to a horse’s requirements. Table 2 will
than horses fed a grain based, higher
help you estimate your horse’s water
The drinking behaviour of horses is episodic and circadian in nature. These episodes are modified by the water source, quality, temperature, and availability, and the age of the horse. Table 3 shows the results of studies measuring episodes of drinking and total time drinking per day. Given the choice, horses will choose buckets over self-waterers 98 per cent of the time, with one study
carbohydrate diet coupled with hay.
consumption from their diet.
showing that horses prefer blue buckets.
Hay
~10-12% Moisture
Haylage
~15-40% Moisture
Fresh pasture
Up to 85% Moisture
E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 79
F E AT U R E
Table 3: Drinking frequency of horses in different physiological states. Physiological State
Episodes Per Day
Total Time Per Episode
Stabled horses: buckets
2-10 times
10-60 seconds
Stabled horses: self-waterers
16-21 times
10-50 seconds
Lactating mares
18-39 times
20-40 seconds
–
20 seconds
Suckling foals
Water quality plays a major role in
materials, or organic matter such as
determining both intake and the horse’s
algae, plankton and decaying material.
health. For health and productivity,
Turbidity measurements are often used
it’s imperative that good quality water is offered, and that water quality is managed and monitored.
as an indicator of water quality based on clarity and estimated total suspended solids (TSS) in the water.
Measuring water quality can be broken
Table 4: Level of salinity in water. EC Level uS/cm
Effect on Horse Health
0-6,300
No adverse effects on animals expected.
6,300–9,400
Horses may have reluctance to drink, some minor diarrhoea, and should adapt without too many issues.
9,400–10,900
Loss of production, general health and condition.
Source: Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality.
into two distinct parameters: physical
Total dissolved solids (TDS) are the
and chemical/biological. Physical
combination of all inorganic and
parameters to monitor can include
organic substances present in a liquid
in the water column. Anything smaller
odour, colour, temperature, turbidity and
in molecular, ionised, or microgranular
than two microns (the average filter size)
suspended form. The safe upper limit of
is considered a dissolved solid. Most
TDS for horses is 6,500 milligrams per
suspended solids are made of inorganic
total dissolved solids (TDS). Chemical and biological parameters include hardness, pH, minerals, protozoa, algae, bacteria, and chemical residues. As we mentioned, water quality is an important driver in water intake. Odours from organic material,
litre (mg/l). Water below 1,500 mg/l TDS is considered fresh water. Water greater than 5,000 mg/l TDS is considered to be saline. To give you a guide, most
minerals such as iron and sulphur,
municipal mains drinking water is less
can negatively affect palatability.
than 500 mg/l TDS.
Temperatures below 5°C and over 30°C have shown significantly reduced intake, but colour seems to be more of an issue to humans than to horses. Turbidity is an optical determination of water clarity. Turbid water will
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) are particles larger than two microns found
materials, though bacteria and algae can also contribute to TSS concentration. With respect to pH, water for domestic and stock use should be in the range pH 6.5 to 8.5. If the pH is highly acidic (less than 5.5), acidosis and reduced feed intake may occur. Highly alkaline
The ability of water to conduct an
water (over 9) may cause digestive
electric current is sometimes referred
upsets and diarrhoea, with lower feed
to as hardness or salinity. Salts or other
conversion efficiency.
chemicals dissolved in water can break
Biologicals such as protozoa, algae and
down into positively and negatively
bacteria are quite important to monitor
appear cloudy, murky, or otherwise
charged ions, which conduct electricity.
coloured, which is caused by suspended
So the electrical conductivity of water
sediment such as silt, clay and inorganic
depends on the concentration of ions.
Turbidity determines water clarity and can affect palatability
to ensure they are not affecting your horse’s water quality. Protozoa are single cell organisms such as cryptosporidium and giardia which, if your water is from dams, creeks or rivers can be present after heavy rainfall. Symptoms for both humans and horses include diarrhoea, fever, and possible dehydration. There are many types of algae present in the water system and they generally bloom due to eutrophication. One of the more notable species is blue green algae (cyanobacteria), which can cause muscle tremors, respiratory distress, seizures, diarrhoea, or death if enough
80 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
12 February 2022
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Scan the code for your tickets
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F E AT U R E
ABOVE: Water quality is an important driver in water intake. is consumed. Other algae produce
advice and determine what the results
palatability by removing minerals such
toxins that affect the liver, causing either
mean for your situation. If you test
as calcium, iron and manganese through
sudden death, or a more delayed death
periodically, at the start of each season
ion exchange, and chlorine at low levels
after signs of acute liver failure occur.
for example, use the same laboratory to
is often used to disinfect the water.
Photosensitization, a skin condition
ensure consistency. Take advice on how
affecting non-pigmented areas of skin,
and where to take samples, and how
can occur in animals that survive the
to store them before delivering them to
acute stages of liver damage.
the laboratory. It is not as simple as just
Bacteria are measured in total coliform
turning on the tap.
A common product that helps with trough hygiene is copper sulphate, or products containing it. However, don’t overdose with this as it can lead to high copper levels in the water. Over
units. Salmonella and E coli can be a
If you have generally good quality
consumption of copper in the total
major issue for horses consuming poor
water, and a filtration system that
diet can affect ratio relationships with
quality water, resulting in severe health
reduces the organic matter that feeds
zinc and other minerals, leading to
algae and bacteria, water quality
deficiencies and issues with growth,
management can be as easy as
Water testing is not overly expensive
development, general health and
regularly cleaning and maintaining your
and gives a snapshot of your water
immunity. As a guide use only one
tanks and troughs. For more substantial
quality, which when added to pasture
sixteenth of a teaspoon of copper
treatment options, ozone can be
testing, nutritional feed analysis, and
sulfate in a 150-200 litre trough.
used to disinfect the water, killing
veterinary diagnostics, can present
bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, as well
a more accurate assessment of your
as reducing odours that may affect
horse’s health and assist in pinpointing
palatability and water intake.
and reproductive problems.
the cause of a health issue.
Don’t miss our next issue when David will be back with a fascinating article on pasture quality. And for more information
Ultra Violet light systems that disrupt
on water quality, please visit ker.com,
If you do test your water, choose an
bacteria’s ability to replicate are often
or talk to your local agronomist, or a
accredited laboratory able to give you
used. Water softeners can increase
Department of Agriculture field officer. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 83
THE HRV HERO SHOW DEBUTS TO CELEBRATE STANDIES
HERO SHOW with Kima and Andrew
The HRV HERO Show has shared the love of the standardbred with the release of its first episode, which celebrates Harness Racing Victoria’s life after racing program.
welcomed HRV HERO operations
dedication that HRV have put behind
manager Tara van der Minne to discuss
HERO but also the great versatility of the
the standardbred
standardbred horse”. “We firmly believe
Debuting on the 15th of November on TrotsVision on the back of the Breeders Crown barrier draws, the HRV HERO Show was hosted by Andrew Bensley with HRV HERO ambassador Kima Frenning.
that will become trail riding horses we’ve
“We see standardbreds finish off their racing career and then suddenly what happens to them? But this is giving them life” Bensley said, “The initiative has been great from HRV for a long time and I feel like the new changes and including this show that’s coming now, it’s just going to make everything so much better and I think we’re going to see a huge change in how many horses we’re going to rehome as well” Frenning added.
there’s so many options for them in life
Bensley said the show would “lift the lid” on the much-loved program and
because we really believe in the HERO
To watch the full show head to
programme” Coffey said. “It shows the
www.hrvhero.com.au
www.hrvhero.com.au
“They’re versatile in all different aspects, all different disciplines, we’ve got horses got horses that will go into pleasure
you can’t have a racing industry without a rehoming industry it just goes hand in hand.” “To see them have a good life after racing is just paramount”.
harness, we’ve got horses that are looking at going into eventing, into dressage, into showing, as they are so versatile and after racing.” van der Minne said. The HRV HERO Show also welcomed Alabar general manager and long-
To see them have a good life after racing is just paramount.
time supporter and partner of the HRV HERO Program Brett Coffey as part of the program. “This HERO program is extremely important and what we do, it’s not just a sponsorship, it’s a partnership,
The show also featured pieces on retrainer Daniel Bourke and the Allison family, who told of how their embracing of standardbreds had enriched their lives.
HRV HERO RECOGNISED RETRAINER SPOTLIGHT
Jodee Young and Gus Show Jumping
NAME Jodee Young
Tell us a bit about your background.
COMPANY NAME Silhouette Farm and nature. I love to train and work with a wide variety of personalities and
I have owned horses since I was young.
work them out. Making sure that they
Starting at Pony Club and continuing
find their niche. I love to learn from the
until now!!
horse’s I train as well. Each horse brings
I have competed in all the Olympic Disciplines and still compete in Dressage and the odd jumping
something new and exciting to work out and with. I believe you can learn something from everyone.
Australia. I worked in the Thoroughbred
What is your favourite thing about the standardbred breed?
industry, most notably with Trainers
I find the standardbred breed to be
Mark and Jim Houlahan. With them, I
a trainable and good natured one.
experienced top level racing on the flat
They will give anything a try and are
competition with the Horse Riders Club Association of Victoria and Equestrian
and jumping. I thank them for my great
very generous.
grounding in all things racing and their
What do you enjoy most about the work you do?
horsemanship. Many of their methods I still use today. I trained in my own
I love working with horses of all sorts
right for 10 years and had numerous
and am excited to be taking on the job
winners and even trained a city winner.
of a Hero Re-trainer as it will allow me
I am currently an Acknowledged Off
to train Standardbred horses. I love
the Track Retrainer. I have recently re-
working with horses and watching them
trained one Standardbred gelding and
understand what I want, improving and
really enjoy the Standardbreds attitude
growing with confidence when they
Be sure to follow HRV HERO on
HRVHERO
@hrvhero
LOCATION Wangaratta South VIC 3678 understand the question. I also love matching people to their perfect partner and then watching the partnership grow. I enjoy updates and pictures and these new partnerships get out and about.
What do you enjoy doing outside of your regular work? I am pretty much always with my horses. I do like to do a bit of painting and drawing. Although I am no artist! I love to compete on my homebred gelding Mario who is a successful dressage horse.
What is the best way to contact you? My best contact would be mobile 0419 102 072, or my Facebook page Silhouette Farm Retired Horse and Retraining.
To view all the HRV HERO Recognised Retrainers please visit our website www.hrvhero.com.au
@hrvhero or call 0411 499 051
T
he Warlander is a breed of horse well known around the world, except here in Australia,
the land of its birth. And the person
BREED
The way of the Warlander
responsible for its conception in the ‘90s is Karen Maree Kaye from the Classical Sporthorse Stud in Henley Brook, WA. Back then she was smitten with the Andalusian, also known as the Pure Spanish Horse or PRE (Pura Raza Española): “There weren’t that many here except for those which came over with Ray Williams,” she explains.
Ask the average person if they know what a Warlander is, and their answer could be anything from a strong cocktail to a Swedish detective. Ask SUZY JARRATT however, and she’ll tell you it’s neither of the above.
Williams was the founder of El Caballo Blanco in WA, and later in NSW, which featured performances by Spanish dancing horses bred at his Bodeguero Stud (named after his imported stallion). .
BREED
Karen admired Andalusians not only for their spirit, but because they were also “really neat to ride, and used themselves so well in the back end.” Another breed which excited her was the Friesian. “At the time I had some Thoroughbred mares on which I’d been competing and I wanted to find a stallion. I looked at Warmbloods and couldn’t find anything and then I found a Friesian, the second one to come into Australia, which had a beautiful front end. I’ve always loved the ones in Renaissance paintings with their long manes and swan necks. So because I was doing classical dressage, I began breeding them.” As an aside, it’s worth noting that the ‘90s Friesian was in some ways different to today’s Friesians, which have been developed to possess more sport aptitude. So with a stable of two different breeds, it was then Karen’s aim to develop a type which was light moving and comfortable: “One that had the bone, placid nature, glorious front end and extravagant movement of the Friesian, with the Andalusian’s agility and ability to collect. A horse capable of doing high school dressage and have enough gumption to do airs above the ground,” she says. It was also important that there were no genetic weaknesses. “Friesian dwarfism had come to light and I worked with top geneticists at Sydney University who assisted in developing a comprehensive
the hybrid vigour of the two crosses.
has learned Baucher’s second manner.
I knew I was on to something. Clyde,
There’s me and Rene Bacharach!”
as he was known, grew to 16hh. His Andalusian dam was 15.1hh and his
standard breeding guide so there was a
sire wasn’t much bigger. He naturally
clear plan for future generations,” she adds.
performed the high school movements
The Warlander name came from veterinarian Warwick Vale, now National President of the Australian Veterinary Association, who had worked with Karen while developing the breed. What would
and was a very cheeky character. He died only a few months ago. His owner, Kate Dalrymple, buried him on her parents’ property in the Snowy Mountains. He was much loved.”
she have done, I asked her, if Warwick’s
Karen’s motivation to breed Warlanders
name had been Col or Phil? “I really
thirty decades ago was her love of
don’t know,” she giggles.
classical dressage – which she still has.
The world’s first Warlander was named
“Training my horses is an art, I do it for
CS Dominador, a bay by baroque
myself to build a relationship. I’m presently
Friesian Valentino El Domino Classique
working with my grey stallion Invictus,” she
out of Blackford Allegria. “He was a
says. “I don’t compete in dressage. I’m
cracking horse,” Karen recalls, “he had
one of the few people in the world who
And if you find that a bit bewildering, Francois Baucher was a French riding master in the 1800s whose ‘second manner’ emphasised the importance of teaching the horse to keep his neck upright, carry it himself without the aid of his rider and continually sustain optimal balance and mobility. Rene Bacharach LEFT: Inquieto RAM, a second generation Warlander stallion and son of internationally acclaimed Warlander stallion Hummer (Image by April Visel Photography). ABOVE: Owned and bred by Karen Maree Kaye, Main Studbook Warlander gelding CS Invictus was successful at the Gosnells Breed Show (Image courtesy Classical Sporthorse Stud). E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 87
BREED
There is a representative of the breed in Australia who has also gained international significance – a driving horse named Shepherds Hill Larry SPORT. Karen explains: “He was the first Warlander in the world to get a SPORT predicate after winning an advanced World Cup level National Championship in 2011.” Larry is owned, trained, and driven by Jodie McKeown of Shepherds Hill Farm, Spring Hill, about 70 kilometres from Melbourne. “My mother, Evanne Chesson, and I have the most registered Warlanders in the world,” Jodie says. “They are our passion. Good, all-round ride and drive horses.” Born in 2004 on December 25, Jodie regards Larry as the best Christmas present she has ever had: “He’s an example of breeding good temperament to good temperament. His mother was a purebred Andalusian called Espania. She went back to the days of El Caballo in Sydney, and his sire was Wizzard, a Friesian we bred here.” He shone as a four-year-old at the Australian Driving Championships at Witwood, a property near Canberra, winning novice and open single horse classes, and over the years continued up ABOVE: Owned by Morgan Moore, Inquieto RAM is approved for breeding in the USA (Image by April Visel Photography).
through the levels under Jodie’s guidance. Driving is the oldest competitive equestrian sport and Jodie is no slouch
was a scholarly equestrian and close
Yet these global achievements are
friend of Nuno Oliveira, a Portuguese
barely recognised in this country.
teams. One of the masters of this
master who approached riding as a
“They’re so well-known everywhere
discipline is Boyd Exell, formerly from
true art. Oliveira died in Perth in 1989,
else,” Karen tells me, “and in America
Bega, a five times World Champion
Bacharach in Paris in ’91.
they’re into the third generation of
and nine times FEI World Cup Driving
breeding. I must admit I don’t really like
Champion. Several years ago Jodie
being a promoter, I tend to just stick on
worked with him on his property at
my five acres in Western Australia!”
Valkenswaard in The Netherlands.
The most famous Warlander is reputed
Has Boyd ever displayed an interest
to be an American stallion named
in Warlanders? “They’re just not on his
Hummer, who ten years ago was
radar,” she says. But that doesn’t deter
crowned World Grand Champion Stallion
her from training with him. Every time
by the International Friesian Show Horse
80 and have a horse with brains that’s
he has given clinics in his home country
Association. He has been used in Chevy
Jodie has been in attendance. She recalls
a pleasure to ride. All around the world
commercials, was the face of Guerlain’s
one such event given jointly by Exell and
they’re doing anything and everything
Habit Rouge fragrance, and appeared in
dressage international Brett Parbery.
from trail riding, dressage, and reining,
The Lord of the Rings as well as several
“Boyd asked Brett which horse out of all
to film work and jousting.”
music videos.
the teams being driven would he select
Whilst she is passionate about the art of classical dressage, Karen does not expect every Warlander rider to feel the same way. “And I certainly don’t want owning one of these horses to be an elitist thing,” she adds, “they’re for everyone. In my case I want to reach
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BREED
ABOVE: Kathi Stewart’s stunning Warlander gelding The Spanish Knight (Image by Teagen Barrett). to ride. He pointed at Larry, saying that
Jodie is especially appreciative of Karen
he hadn’t broken rhythm once.”
Maree Kaye: “Our connection goes back
The 17-year-old grey is now semi-retired and working as a driving schoolmaster. “He’s doing a still shoot on the neighbour’s property tomorrow,” Jodie says. “He’s used to lights and cameras. He worked under saddle on Frontier,
to when we bought a horse from her sight unseen and trucked it from WA. We were pleased with the condition it was in and with its training and temperament, and ended up buying two more. She has enormous credibility and should
be applauded for all her hard work and research. Thank goodness she created the breed and the Society.” If you’re interested in knowing more, visit warlanderstudbooksociety.com.au, and if you’re thinking of purchasing a Warlander in Australia, ensure the horse is registered here before you buy.
an American movie pilot made here in Australia. Some years before that our Andalusian Blackford Santo Domingo played the Brolga in The Silver Brumby. He was the foundation stallion of our Warlander breed line.” Jodie regards these horses as exceptional. “They can be ridden by everyday people who, let’s face it, represent 95 per cent of the equestrian industry in Australia. They’re ideal for young riders wanting to step up from Pony Club and here in Victoria they’re used a lot for dressage in adult riding clubs. All we need is some ‘name’ to do well in an official arena and everyone will want one!”
ABOVE: Jodie McKeone driving Shepherds Hill Larry SPORT at the 2013 Adelaide Royal (Image by Julie Wilson Equestrian Photography). E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 91
the three day October long weekend last year.
LIFE AFTER RACING
An off the track spectacular When you’re driven by your passions, for show jumping and off the track Thoroughbreds for example, magic often happens.
I
n April 2019, in the small North Queensland country town of Ingham, great things were stirring. A group
of five show jumping enthusiast sat in the pavilion at the local showground and began brainstorming what a show jumping club might look like. As the constitution, affiliations, and mission statement started to take shape, one of the then newest show jumping clubs in Australia, the Tropical North Showjumping Club (TNSJC), was birthed.
Showground home, the TNSJC is even more delighted to have the use of the showground’s large, multipurpose, undercover sports arena. But there’s more! Having secured Queensland Racing’s assistance and sponsorship, the TNSJC committee began planning for the club’s first OTT Spectacular, which they held in conjunction with their 2020 Championships. The combined events, officially known as the Tropical North
From small beginnings the club grew.
Showjumping Championships and OTT
Now delighted to call the Ingham
Spectacular, were held once again over
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Club secretary Laura O’Connor is excited that overall, the number of entries have increased, along with even more interest in the OTT events. “Our main OTT comp is the Queensland Racing Off The Track Spectacular, a 1.05m event with a rug, cash and other prizes up for grabs. But after running the event in 2020, we realised there were OTT horses whose jumping skills were still developing, so in 2021 we decided to include the Queensland Racing Up and Coming Off The Track competition, an 80cm event.” With entries for the OTT classes on the rise, Laura expects to see even more interest this year. But for her, there are other considerations: “It’s just wonderful to see all these OTT horses being cared for and loved. They might not all be top show jumpers, but our OTT classes are exactly that – they’re for OTT Thoroughbreds only, so they’re competing against each other on a level playing field.” High on the agenda is celebrating a new life for horses when their racing career is over, while opening up exciting opportunities for competition and performance. When they leave the track, many Australian Thoroughbred
L I F E A F T E R R AC I N G
racehorses go on to achieve great things across all equestrian disciplines, and OTT classes are an excellent showcase for their many talents. One of the 2021 Spectacular’s youngest riders was Ruby Collins and her horse Sugarbag Red Impressions, who happened to be one of the oldest horses in the competition. Under the track name Bright Selection (by Famous Nick from Brightly Chosen), Red raced a total of 18 times before retiring as a fourand-a-half-year-old.
"He's very special, a once in a lifetime horse,” Ruby says. The pair won the OTT Spectacular in both 2020 and 2021, a fitting finale for Red who is now in retirement. In the Up and Coming class, Karen Sullivan and 13-year-old Benji's World (Benny) triumphed. Benny’s racing career ended around five years ago when he was rehomed with a young girl from Toowoomba. Although he received a basic education, for various reasons he spent most of his time in a paddock.
Six months later he arrived in the yard of Rebecca Henry, a well-known Far North Queensland show jumping rider and Equestrian Queensland Level 2 Course Designer. For the next seven years, Red competed successfully in 1.20m classes, before being sold in 2016 to Rob Button for his daughter to ride.
But when Karen’s husband Don, who had been coaching Benny’s owner, mentioned he and Karen were planning a trip north so he could course design for TNSJC, she asked if they would like to take Benny along with them to give him a little competition experience. “That turned out to be a memory maker. Benny is a very sweet horse who took everything in his stride and improved with every start," Karen says.
Then in early 2020, Red found his forever home with 14-year-old Ruby.
Benny won the class and took home a trophy, a beautiful rug, prize money and
bags of feed. An unexpected win but one that won’t be forgotten in a hurry! The TNSJC committee are already planning this year’s OTT Spectacular, which will again be held in conjunction with the Tropical North Showjumping Championships on the October long week. “So other than the OTT events, the program will include the Equestrian Australia recognised Frosty Mango North Queensland Leader Board Series, which has been a huge success,” Laura says. “There’s a lot happening in the north this year, so no better time to come and join us here at TNSJC. We’ll be hosting the North Queensland games, and we have a full year of entertainment and competitions planned, including jumping clinics with the ever popular Clem Smith and David Finch.” If you’re keen to know more, message TNSJC through www.facebook.com/ tnsjc, visit www.tropicalnorthsj.com.au, or call Laura on 0402 390 034.
FAR LEFT: All set and ready to go in Ingham Showground’s beautiful undercover arena. ABOVE LEFT: Ruby Collins and Red took home the 2020 and 2021 OTT Spectacular trophy (Image by Angie Jade Photography). ABOVE RIGHT: Giulia Rogato and Fire Engine competing in the 2021 OTT Spectacular (Image by Sue Real). E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 93
Road (and only five minutes from Linga Longa Inn, made famous by a visit from Chris Hemsworth) it extends across
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beautiful Pages River. Renowned as the birthplace of some of Australia’s best Thoroughbred athletes, Arrowfield Stud is organised in five key areas: broodmares and foaling, yearlings, stallions, farming, and racing. The infrastructure and facilities, including seven purpose-built barns, two foaling units, a stallion complex,
Scone in the NSW Hunter Valley is renowned worldwide as the Horse Capital of Australia. Home to leading Thoroughbred nurseries, along with a multitude of other equestrian pursuits, it’s every horse lover’s dream.
S
and a 110 box state-of-the-art yearling barn, have all been designed and built to ensure the best care of all resident horses and the safety of the people who work with them.
The Arrowfield employment advantage
ituated three hours from Sydney
Elizabeth Park’s mare and foal statue,
and only two hours from
or the annual half-day public holiday for
Newcastle’s famous beaches,
the famous Scone Cup Carnival, Scone
to work on a leading Australian family-
Scone is surrounded by meandering
encourages equine enthusiasts to stay
owned farm, led by John and Paul
back roads lined with green fields
for a week, a season or a lifetime.
Messara, with superb facilities, a first-
and picturesque valleys full of young
Scone is also home to Arrowfield, one of Australia’s biggest Thoroughbred stud farms. Located approximately eight kilometres out of town on Gundy
class team of people and one of the
foals, mares and yearlings frolicking in spacious paddocks. From the unique Thoroughbred Hotel’s Odd’s On burger,
94 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
Arrowfield offers a fabulous opportunity
world’s best stallion rosters, along with a stellar collection of broodmares and sale-topping yearling drafts.
Arrowfield supports its team members with opportunities to boost knowledge, expand skills and broaden experience in diverse sectors of the Thoroughbred industry. On-farm accommodation is provided, with travel assistance if required, and there’s a regular program of guest presentations and training sessions throughout the year. Best of all, there are opportunities for all levels of horsemanship.
A variety of roles One of the best things about working on a stud farm is the chance to work through, and learn about the full lifecycle of the horse. Arrowfield offers fulltime and seasonal roles in all aspects of the business: Broodmares and Foaling Unit – More than 250 foals are born at Arrowfield each spring. Our foaling units are much like hospital nurseries, where pre-birth and post-birth care is our number one priority. Foaling units are supervised 24 hours a day from late July to November with round-the-clock veterinary supervision of our mares and newborns. This area of the farm is one of the best places to start your Thoroughbred employment journey.
Yearling Sale Preparation – From November to April, we prepare around 200 yearlings for Australia’s top sales, including Magic Millions on the Gold Coast in January and Inglis Easter in Sydney in April. Preparation as a yearling is one of the most important stages of a Thoroughbred athlete’s career, with constant focus on handling, nutrition, gentle exercise, grooming and plenty of yard time. It’s a great opportunity to learn about educating and developing the young athlete and to share the sale prep experience with a young and energetic team. Stallion Handler – Arrowfield’s stallion team is responsible for the daily care and management of a truly spectacular group of horses, including four-time champion sire Snitzel. Full-time job opportunities in this part of the farm are held by highly skilled senior staff, but there are plenty of support roles open during the breeding season. Arrowfield Training Centre – Led by Group 1 winning trainer Paul Messara, the centre offers a boutique team environment in a superbly designed, modern stable and track facility located right beside Arrowfield Stud. Positions
are generally available for all levels of horse skills, including trackwork rider, stablehand or strapper. Farming – With 2,200 acres of prime horse country to manage, there are regular openings within the farm and maintenance team. From gardening to driving a tractor, no two days are the same with ample opportunity to build your skills on a large commercial farm.
Arrowfield graduates While Arrowfield graduates are bestknown for their athleticism on the racetrack and incredible breeding achievements, our Jockey Cap & Diamonds brand is increasingly soughtafter as a mark of reliable and trainable off-the-track Thoroughbreds. Raised in our ‘horse heaven’, Arrowfield-bred horses have a great start to life with quality nutrition, care and education that produces strong, sound horses with great temperaments. LEFT: A quiet pat during paddock time. ABOVE: Walking the yearlings is a vital component of Arrowfield’s preparation program. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 95
SADDLE REVIEW
KN Ouvertüre Victoria The dressage saddle to take you all the way to international competition. With its large knee blocks, a deep seat and straight cut flaps this is the one for you if you like to ride long and straight.
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ometimes, no matter how keen an equestrian you are, life gets in the way. And it was after a ten year break from horses that Skye Starkey bought a two-year-old black filly in 2019. “In early 2021 it was time for her to be broken in – and time for me to buy another saddle,” says Skye, who lives at Central Colo in the NSW’s Hawkesbury region and works as a business development manager at a real estate agency in nearby Windsor. Prior to that prolonged break she had ridden competitively: “It was mainly at Arabian shows where I rode dressage at Novice Level with my old Aloha bred mare. And then I owned a Thoroughbred before I bought the filly.”
boutique stud and agistment property breeding performance ponies and Warmbloods at Freemans Reach. But just in case you were thinking that it always runs in the family, despite living
Skye had ridden in a Peter Horobin saddle on her Thoroughbred without any problems. “Being a Thoroughbred he had a bit of a wither, whereas my mare is very round. She’s a Warmblood by Furst Love out of a Jazz mare,” she says. “I looked at many saddles and tried about five different styles, but they weren’t quite right for Ari," who's more formally known as Buckwell Park New Love.
in an equestrian orientated environment,
But then Skye remembered riding in KN saddles, a top quality brand manufactured in Austria by Karl Niedersuess Saddlery: “I used to ride in them when I worked Mum’s horses, and I’d always felt right when I sat in them.” Skye’s mother, Vicki Chidgey, runs Freemans Lodge Equestrian Centre, a
buy then trial the saddle for two weeks.
Skye says that her own daughter doesn’t share her enthusiasm. “When she was young I bought her a pony but he was a rat bag, dumping everyone who rode him! Perhaps, when she’s older, she might change her mind.” It was Vicki who told Skye about The Saddle Hub. “So I got in touch, which was the best thing I ever did. You can If you’re happy you keep it, if you’re not happy you return it and get a refund. I dealt with Shae, The Saddle Hub’s manager, and she was really helpful. She measured the saddle for me, sent photos, and the follow up was good.” She is thrilled with her KN Ouvertüre.
The KN Ouvertüre Victoria is a perfect fit for Skye and the very elegant Buckwell Park New Love.
“My seat feels so good in it. I’m riding a young horse who has a tendency to shy but I feel secure, and I haven’t needed to make any adjustments as it fits beautifully. Making this purchase through The Saddle Hub was a really good experience.” Confident in her new KN, Skye is looking forward to competing in the dressage ring very soon. The Saddle Hub has a wide variety of top quality second-hand saddles, so why wait? Visit www.equestrianhub.com.au and browse through their fantastic range. All saddles come with a two-week trial, finance options, and a courier right to your door. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 97
Kirsten and long-time heart horse Tom (Image courtesy Dr Kirsten Jackson).
D
r Kirsten Jackson has been a horse enthusiast since she was little and a rider since she was
O N M Y TAC K B OX
The great debate
eight. Competing in eventing and show jumping on her Thoroughbred Tom, whom she picked up as a five-year-old, kept Kirsten busy throughout school and university, but it did not distract her from her goal of becoming an equine veterinarian. And as an aside, it’s wonderful to note that she still has Tom,
Maintaining your horse’s dental health is vital, but do power or hand tools produce the best and safest result? DR KIRSTEN JACKSON shares her thoughts on this subject and another close to her heart.
now 27 years young. Once qualified, Kirsten spent two years working as a general equine vet, before focusing solely on equine dentistry: “I completed my membership
O N M Y TAC K B OX
examinations in equine dentistry at the
than half as likely,” Kirsten explains. “The
which causes the caries,” Kirsten says,
Australian and New Zealand College
water source was also important. Horses
“and the material for root canal therapy
of Veterinary Scientists in 2012, before
on rain or dam water were much more
may very well mean we can save more
shadowing numerous equine dentistry
likely to be affected than those on bore
teeth rather than extracting them.”
specialists around the world.” She later
or scheme water. Horses with access
opened Dental Vet in Forrestdale, WA,
to quality pasture were less likely to be
Power vs manual
one of Australia’s few dedicated equine
affected, and breed was another factor,
dentistry clinics.
with Thoroughbreds more susceptible
A prevalent problem
than Western breeds and Warmbloods.”
Always eager to learn and further
The exciting news is that Kirsten and her
tools preferable? Naturally, there are
develop her expertise, Kirsten started
fellow researchers have been able to
pros and cons for each, and we asked
researching equine peripheral caries,
show that in many cases, the condition
Kirsten what situations might suit which
basically tooth decay, in 2013. “The
can be cured. Horse’s teeth continue to
type of tool and why.
condition was very prevalent in WA,
erupt over their lifetime, and because the
around 60 per cent of horses were
condition only affects the tooth currently
affected and we had no idea why. It
in the mouth, if the cause is removed the
can cause significant pathology, eating
damaged tooth can be replaced by the
away the grinding surface of the teeth and causing very painful secondary
healthy tooth below the gum.
Like many things in life, there’s more than one way of performing an equine dental treatment. And therein lies the great debate: are power tools or manual
First Kirsten talks about power tools: “The pros are they’re quicker, more accurate and generally cause less soft tissue damage. One con is potential thermal damage, as power tools can
periodontal disease, an infection
Kirsten now lectures, tutors and runs
overheat the teeth if the practitioner
between the teeth. It can even kill the
continuing education courses for
is not educated or not careful enough.
teeth in the more severe cases. We have
veterinarians on equine dentistry,
They can also potentially be too
now published extensively, and I have
imparting her knowledge both nationally
aggressive as they remove more tooth
just recently completed my PhD on the
and internationally.
more quickly than hand floats, so
subject,” she says.
Kirsten and her colleague Dr Erin Kelty,
So what was at the root of the problem?
are also developing a feed supplement
“We looked for risk factors and found
for peripheral caries, as well as a new
Also on the downside, power tools can
that horses on oaten hay, one of the
material for root canal therapy in horses.
open pulp cavities. “Horse teeth, just like
most commonly fed hays in WA, were
If these two innovations are successful,
our own teeth, have pulp cavities where
almost three times more likely to be
their impact will be considerable. “The
the blood vessels and nerves are located.
affected than those not on oaten hay,
supplement should help treat and
These cavities have a layer over the top
and horses fed meadow hay were less
prevent the demineralisation of the teeth
that protects the vital tissues from the
ABOVE: This tooth has fractured due to infundibular caries – decay in the middle part of the tooth. If caught in time, restorations or fillings can help prevent this (Image courtesy Dr Kirsten Jackson).
care must be taken particularly when reducing large overgrowths.”
ABOVE: Oral endoscopy gives a very detailed view and allows owners to see the pathology (Image courtesy Dr Kirsten Jackson). E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 99
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O N M Y TAC K B OX
ABOVE: When your horses have dental check-ups, don’t forget their donkey companions (Image courtesy Dr Kirsten Jackson). outside environment, bacteria and food
possible to work on a single tooth, as
gradually, being very accurate as the
material in the mouth for example,” Kirsten
the rasp will contact multiple teeth with
spinning disk is right where it’s needed.”
explains. “If the protective layer is removed
each stroke,” she explains. “For the
from overzealous reductions, this can
same reason, they can also cause more
expose the pulp tissues. Not only is this
soft tissue damage. It is very easy to
very painful for the horse, it is also likely
catch the cheek or gum, because the
to kill the tooth when bacteria enter the
rasp head is bigger than that of a power
cavity causing an apical infection, more
tool, and the treatment area is less
commonly known as a tooth root abscess.
specific as you’re going back and forth
Any reduction in tooth height must be
over a larger area.”
done very cautiously and only if necessary.
Another issue is difficulty in reaching
In many cases, significant overgrowths
Being able to hone in and treat just
certain areas. “When treating the back
may require multiple treatments to safely
the small area that needs it, without
teeth, you can really only pull forward
reduce them completely.”
with hand tools, as otherwise you just
taking tooth off adjacent teeth is
So how do hand tools compare? “On the plus side there’s minimal risk of thermal damage with hand tools,” Kirsten says, “In comparison to power tools it takes longer to reduce overgrowths, so it would take longer to open the pulp horns with manual tools. However it can certainly still be done if care isn’t taken.”
keep hitting the back of the mouth,” Kirsten says. “So large overgrowths are difficult to reduce manually and many dental technicians resort to molar cutters, or ‘chippers’ which cut the teeth. This is extremely dangerous and these tools have absolutely no place in a horse’s mouth. You run the very high risk of killing the tooth - and potentially
Having tried and tested both options, Kirsten primarily uses power tools in her dentistry work. “I find them to be much more accurate. Problems like periodontal disease are exacerbated by small overgrowths such as excessive transverse ridges, and slightly deviated teeth, teeth that are out of alignment.
really important,” she says. “There are potential risks, but we are very aware of them and regularly flush the teeth with cold water to minimise any risk of thermal damage. Also, any reductions are done very gradually and are closely monitored for colour changes over the pulps, a sign we’re getting close to the vital tissues.”
But some aspects of using manual
the horse - due to exposing the pulp
Kirsten treats all shapes, sizes and
tools are less desirable. “Hand tools
cavities. With power tools, you can
breeds of horses and even donkeys!
are generally not as accurate. It’s not
come from the side and smooth down
She advocates and uses power tools for E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 101
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O N M Y TAC K B OX
ABOVE: Routine dental maintenance is as important for horses as it is for humans (Image by Giselle Casarini). all of them. “Very occasionally we might
examination, along with a treatment and
are relying on us to find and treat that
use a hand float if there is a single spot
prevention plan based on those findings
pathology and relieve any pain.”
that’s better suited to that, but it’s rare,”
is critical. Just filing every mouth the
she adds.
same and ignoring the true pathology
A healthy mouth
practice, dentalvet.com.au, or call on
will leave many horses in significant
0439 956 368. And if you’re interested
As far as equine dentistry goes,
pain,” she explains. “This is critical for
to know exactly what’s entailed in a full
Kirsten can’t stress strongly enough
our equine patients, as they can’t tell us
mouth exam, head to our VIP area. Log
the importance of a thorough oral
when something is wrong. They are prey
in to www.equestrianhub.com.au/vip-
examination. “The most serious and
animals and will suffer in silence, so they
member
Kirsten can be contacted through her
painful pathology, an abscessed tooth; deep, painful, infections between the teeth; or fractured teeth, for example, can’t be felt. They can only be seen with a powerful light and a mirror or endoscope. So, while rasping the sharp points and equilibrating the mouth is certainly an important part of what we do, smoothing a few sharp edges without a thorough examination, which can potentially leave behind a rotten, abscessed tooth, is not going to do the horse any favours!” For Kirsten, the power versus manual debate is secondary to the issue of actual dentistry. “An in-depth
ABOVE: Injuries from sharp teeth and the bit are quite common (Image courtesy Dr Kirsten Jackson). E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 103
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TRAINING TIPS
Back to basics With her very successful approach to retraining, JADE WILLIS is kept busy giving off the track Thoroughbreds the chance of a new life, a new home, and a new career.
I
n this Training Tips we’re switching
Thoroughbreds, and that’s what I do full-
focus slightly to take a look at Jade
time!” Jade laughs.
Willis’ down to earth and highly
successful approach to retraining off the track Thoroughbreds (OTTBs). Jade is a Racing Victoria Acknowledged Trainer and a participant in the RESET (Racehorse, Evaluation, Support, Education and Transition) Program, which provides support for horses who are sound, have good prospects, but have not yet transitioned to a second career outside of racing. With 20-30 horses in work at any given time, this year alone Jade has lovingly rehomed roughly 160 horses. Surrounded by ponies since forever,
first OTTB, Jade is the first to admit she didn’t really know much about retraining a racehorse. “Prior to that, I’d mostly spent my time riding at Pony Club, jumping, bareback riding, just having a good time with my friends. I didn’t really think much about retraining,” she says, “instead I thought well, I’m going to keep doing all of this, so this horse will just have to come along too.” And it’s that down to earth, all-rounder beginning that’s formed the basis of her successful career in OTTB retraining.
the then 12-year-old Jade found her
After Jade receives a horse from a
way into the world of Thoroughbreds
trainer, owner, or someone who wasn’t
after landing her first job working at a
quite prepared to deal with an OTTB,
racing stable. “I’d do the feed up after
it goes through an initial health and
school and help out on a Saturday
well-being check. “We always have their
morning, and that’s where my love of
teeth looked at and treated if necessary.
Thoroughbreds started,” Jade says.
Their feet are trimmed, with shoes on if
“That was twelve years ago. I worked
they need them, barefoot if they’re fine
there for eight years, and to this day
without. They all have preliminary body
I’m still good friends with my then boss.
work followed by more if needs be, and
He actually gave me my first off the
we drench them,” Jade explains, “then
track Thoroughbred. Since then, I’ve
we know that they’re right to go.”
always had one or two on the go, either
The initial ride is in the arena.
re-training them to sell on, or competing
“Depending on where they’ve come
with them myself.”
Jade and Emma heading out on an adventure.
Looking back on when she got that very
from and what they’ve done before,
As time went on, Jade recognised a
we might give them a lunge to keep
growing demand for people to retrain
everyone safe, then we hop on and do
ex-racers. “I was being offered more and
a walk, trot and canter each way. This
more of them. Now I’m surrounded by
helps us work out where they’re at and E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 105
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TRAINING TIPS
Schoolwork on the flat ensures new arrivals have the basics sorted.
how they react,” she says. “In the first
for horses who have come straight off
Sometimes a horse will only be in Jade’s
week, they’ll have five or six rides. We
the track, keeping them as busy as
yard for a week before venturing into its
generally don't do a lot of lunging or
they were with the trainer is the most
new life after racing, but she only pairs
much groundwork. I find they’re better
successful way forward. However,
these horses with riders who she knows
off if you just get on with it.”
horses who have been turned out in a
are confident and capable of managing
paddock require a different approach.
the horse’s greener aspects. Other
“They may take a while longer to adjust
horses may be a bit quirky and take a
to a busy environment, so we’ll usually
little longer. “I had two geldings that
bring them in to stand in the yards and
have only recently left. One was here
get used to everything that’s going
for nine months and the other for 12
on. Otherwise, although they may not
months. There was nothing wrong with
be naughty when you ride them, the
either of them, it just took a bit longer to
anxiousness on the ground and the
find their right person and home,” Jade
stress translates into what’s going on
says. “It takes as long as it takes really.”
That first week of work is varied and interesting, which helps Jade determine what kind of home or rider each individual horse may suit. “They’ll generally see poles, be ridden up the road, go around the laneways, do a bit of flatwork, and sometimes we’ll take them on an outing. We really just throw them in at the deep end and, nine times out of ten, they swim and they’re away!” she adds.
under saddle,” she explains. “It’s a lot harder to get them settled and get the
And those ‘deep end’ outings might
work you want if they’re not coping to
include trail rides in the bush, a spin
start with. They just need time to catch
around the fences at a jump club, adult
up and catch their breath.”
riding club rallies, or a cross country jaunt. For Jade, it’s all about getting the horses back to basics: “If they’re going to settle successfully into their life after racing, it’s so important to get them out and about and to as many places as possible.”
If you’re considering becoming the new human for a recently retired racehorse, Jade can’t stress enough the importance of being honest: “Be honest with yourself and the person you are
On average, each horse stays with Jade
buying the horse from. Be clear on what
for around two weeks, and she’s very
you are and are not capable of. It’s all
particular about matching horses with
good and well to ride the horse at the
the right human. “In those two weeks,
establishment where they’re in work, but
we figure out what they do and don’t
are you going to want to get on when
like, what they are and aren’t so good at,
they’re full of spring feed? Or would you
Rather than using more ground-based
and we try to place them in a home that
be better off on something a little older
techniques, Jade tends to find that
will suit them,” she says.
that’s more laid back? Being honest is E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 107
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TRAINING TIPS
ABOVE: Out and about for some cross country experience. BELOW: Waiting for the dentist, an important part of their pre-retraining check-up. better in the long run for both you and
You take them off the track and start
You can visit Jade at jwequestrian.com,
the horse.”
with something raw and green. So to get
and if you’re interested in knowing
them doing something and going places,
more about an OTTB’s first week of
with each run improving on something
training, jump on over to our VIP area
you didn’t do quite so well last time, then
and log in to www.equestrianhub.com.
that’s it for me. It’s the little wins, and
au/vip-member
Once you’ve been matched with the right horse, Jade’s advice is simple and makes a lot of sense: “Take them home, work them for two to four weeks, get to know them, work out how they go, and
that’s why I love my job.”
then tip them out for a spell. The worst thing you can do is to turn them out straight away and fill them up with feed, especially when you’ve got no idea how they go and what they do or don’t do. Then six weeks later you’ve got this raving lunatic and you’re like holy moly, what have I got myself into!” When she has time to focus on her own string of OTTBs, Jade has one main passion. “I love eventing, that’s my alltime favourite thing to do,” she smiles. “I seem to have this addiction to eccentric chestnuts, and people must think I’m crazy considering the quirky horses on my team! But, while I’ve won ribbons, for me it’s about producing the horse. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 109
YO U N G R I D E R
Family ties
F
puddle. Both her parents have been at the top of the discipline for decades so it’s no surprise that their daughter was also attracted to the sport. Based in Yarra Glen, 40 kilometres from Melbourne, Brook and Angela
And she occasionally rides cross country: “My grandparents have a course and I sometimes pop over a few of their fixed fences, but I’ve never once considered changing disciplines.”
Dobbin run Glenwood Park, one of the most successful producers of show jumping horses across Australia. Both are well-known competitors and Brook is presently Jumping Victoria’s State Squad coach.
Dedicated and competitive, Charlee is presently campaigning a trio of horses, as well as keeping up with her schoolwork. “I have 19-year-old Lovegrove, known as Cooper, who’s a Quarter Horse Warmblood cross. Penny, formally known as Glenshea Riversong, is a 10-year-old, and Sweet Dreams FPH, Katie, is five. Penny and Katie are both Thoroughbred Warmblood crosses. Cooper and Penny are competing at 1.10m to 1.15m, and I’m hoping Katie will go up to a metre in the next few months.”
Charlee, now 14, was only three-and-ahalf when she first sat on a horse. She progressed to Pony Club and was taken
Some of her memorable successes as a young show jumper have been the Victorian State Children's Title Holder in
Safe to say show jumping runs in Charlee Dobbin’s veins. Already making a significant mark in the arena, she has her sights set on even bigger things, writes SUZY JARRATT. or Charlee Dobbin it was always going to be show jumping - even before she could hop over a
to major events where her parents were competing. “I was always surrounded by show jumpers,” she recalls. “I was brought up doing it from when I was little and I still really enjoy it.”
110 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
YOUNG RIDER
2019 and the NSW Children’s State Title Holder when she was eleven. “At the 2021 Interschools held at Boneo Park in February I won the Overall Advanced on Lovegrove and the Overall Stars on Toddy, Dreamtime Invader, which are the two highest sections.” Sadly, several weeks later she lost Toddy to colic. “He was so brave and could be so fast in a jump off – he was the horse of a lifetime,” she says. It is Charlee’s parents who are her greatest inspiration. “They’ve taught me from the very beginning and are always there with help and encouragement. And, whenever possible, I attend clinics run by other high level equestrians.” Charlee rides each afternoon after
FACING PAGE: A Quarter Horse x Warmblood, 19-year-old Lovegrove shows no signs of slowing down (Image by Sharlene Phillips, OneEyedFrog Photography). RIGHT: Charlee and Dreamtime Invader are congratulated after their 1.20m win at the 2021 Boneo Park Interschools (Image by Derek O’Leary Photography). BELOW: With Glenshea River Song in the 2021 U14 Victorian Children’s Championship (Image by Michelle Terlato Photography).
school and at weekends, and her training program is tailored to what each horse needs. “One might have to get fitter, another require just a short, relaxed ride, and the other might need a longer workout or some fine tuning,” she explains. “When it comes to training it’s important to be patient. You must be able to read your horse, sense what he’s thinking and why he’s reacting the way that he is. You must know that he’s comfortable and establish a bond with him.” At a show, is she ever overawed by a challenging course? “When I see one which is confronting I do get quite nervous, but when I enter the ring I try to give confidence to my horse,” she tells me. “He won’t travel well if I’m a bundle of nerves. Once I sense that he is confident my nerves subside. One of the most awesome tracks I ever rode was at the Junior Championships at SIEC. I wondered how I would ever do it - but I did. I didn’t place but I was so happy to have got around it!” And for the future, Charlee’s goals are clear: “I want to keep competing in shows, attend clinics whenever possible and, like Edwina Tops-Alexander, who I greatly admire, compete at the highest level in the future.” E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 111
River Junction is subdivided into 21 paddocks. Buildings on the property include a world class stable barn, an
PROPERTY CENTRAL
River Junction
eight-horse walker, a round yard and various support buildings. High grade, cemented steel rail fencing borders the paddocks, and all of the facilities on the property are sheltered. River Junction boasts multiple dwellings, offices and staff accommodation, as well as a large machinery shed and
With too many features to mention, this property represents an incredible opportunity to secure a high quality equine facility in an enviable location.
T
Nestled amid the valley’s lush landscape
a variety of villages and
is River Junction, a perfectly presented
many festivals and events held there,
cottage is an air-conditioned three bedroom weatherboard home with a detached insulated garage and shed. The staff quarters include two selfcontained units with a rear carport, and
he Mary Valley is home to communities, as well as to the
workshop with full amenities. The main
Thoroughbred breeding facility. This 103
a two bay lockable shed. The six bay machinery shed is 460 metres square with three phase power, industrial lighting, and an air conditioned
acre, meticulously maintained equine
office, plus a bathroom and kitchen.
national music, regional arts and
property is just 40 minutes from Noosa
The equine facilities are everything you
community events.
and 15 minutes from Gympie.
could ask for and more: an insulated
including international equestrian,
112 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
PROPERTY CENTRAL
stable barn with 10 five metre square stalls, a wash room and feed room, all under industrial lighting. The eight horse walker is under cover, as is a sand round yard. There’s also storage space for bedding and a dedicated float entrance and ramp. The yards, which are all steel constructions, are connected to power and water, and are partially under cover. They include a loading ramp, a crush
Water security is one of the property’s key attributes. Bound by the beautiful Mary River, there’s an abundant supply of water for stock, domestic use, and irrigation. The property also has a bore, a 70 megalitre irrigation license, reticulated concrete stock watering troughs, two 363,000 litre Aqualine tanks, and an average annual rainfall of 1,150 milliliters.
new Traveston Service Centre, 20 minutes from Eumundi Markets, 45 minutes to the Sunshine Coast Airport, and one hour 45 minutes to Brisbane.
With access to a school bus service, the property is just five minutes from the
For this property and more, visit
The property will be included for auction on Thursday 16 December at 11:00am, in Eagle Farm Racecourse’s Moreton Dining Room.
www.horseproperty.com.au
and head bail, a covered vet area, a horse crush, and scales. Outside, the equine facilities are extensive, with six dedicated spelling paddocks, each with individual stables; twelve paddocks with shelters, all fenced with high grade steel posts and rails; and three wire fenced paddocks with river and creek frontage. The pasture, a mix of Rhodes Reclaimer, Queensland Bluegrass and Gatton Green Panic, has been thoroughly fertilised with CK88. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 113
20 QUESTIONS
20 Questions with Kathy O’Hara Nicknamed Miss Consistency for her nearly 1,000 wins, Australian jockey Kathy O’Hara is also a keen show jumper and breeds quality horses. Q: Where were you born, and where
Q: At what point did you want to
do you live now? A : Born in Singleton and now in Londonderry – four acres with two horses and a pony for my niece.
become a jockey?
Q: What got you into horses? A : I started riding when I was around four. Mum had a pony for my sister Tracy and I, and we used to potter around on her. When we could ride a bit better we got a pony each, and then from ponies it was horses.
A : I was about 12. No one in my family
Q: Who helped you in your apprenticeship years? A : Mum got a job transfer so we moved to Dubbo. Tracy and I were still in school and the racecourse was right across the road. I was apprenticed to Peter Nestor and rode there for two years before moving to Gwenda Markwell’s at Kembla Grange. The last two years of my apprenticeship were there.
Q: What was a breakthrough moment in your career? A : I was riding work for Guy Walter at Warwick Farm. I rode a couple of winners and then Guy put me on in the Caulfield Cup as an apprentice. I won the apprentice title which helped put me on the map. I was the first female jockey in Sydney to do that.
used to get into trouble on cross country
Q: Do you have a favourite win? A : That would be my Group One win on
for going too fast! So Mum thought it
Single Gaze.
might be a good idea for me to work
Q: What was the biggest career
at a racing stable during the Year Six
obstacle you overcame? A : When I started out, particularly in Sydney, there were no girls riding. So it was a bit gender biased. Originally girls weren't allowed to race but obviously it's easier now. People are a lot more accepting of female jockeys.
had anything to do with racing, but I
Christmas holidays. I started with Danny Williams, worked six weeks for him and loved it!
Q: A jockey’s diet can be tough. Any tips? A : I’m naturally light, but I have to watch what I eat when I’m riding in handicap races at 50kgs. I think the biggest thing is cutting out sugar. Sugar is in everything! Sugar and salt hold weight on you.
Q: What are the key attributes for a top jockey? A : You have to be level headed. It’s not an easy game. Obviously injury is part and parcel of being a jockey and everyone has quiet times and lulls. It’s being mentally stable enough to ride that out.
Q: How do you balance a busy racing calendar with show jumping? A: It’s amazing what you can make time for! It’s what I was doing before I was a jockey. I’ve got a passion for it. It’s something away from the numbers and statistics of racehorses, and training horses yourself is a different kind of atmosphere. 114 | E Q U E S T R I A N H U B I S S U E 1 • 2 0 2 2
20 QUESTIONS
ABOVE: Kathy and Ziva making short work of the 2020 Sydney Summer Classic yellow brick wall (Image by Oz Shotz). FACING PAGE: Delighted after winning the Festival Stakes on Ranier at Rosehill Gardens (Image by Steve Hart Photography).
Q: Who’s your show jumping coach? A : Tom McDermott. He’s very gifted and comes from a gifted family. I rode for his father down in Wagga when I was apprenticed in Dubbo. Obviously Tom’s riding speaks for itself, and I find we click. He’s easy going and his training is easy to understand.
Q: Tell us about your current team. A : I have two, both bred out of my own mares. When we finished the season before the last lockdown, we were jumping at 1.30m.
Q: You breed quality horses. What factors contribute to that? A : A lot of luck! The two on my team are both by dressage stallion 00 Seven because I wanted to do some eventing, which now I don’t have time for. But I ended up with two that can really jump.
Q: What are your competition plans? A : It’s tricky because I have to plan around racing. I went to the Sydney
Jump Club recently and they went around the 1.10 easily. Pretty much all I’ve done with them is stuck with the training and they keep progressing. I’d like to consolidate them both at 1.30m before stepping them up.
Q: You’ve just bought a farm in the Hawkesbury. What infrastructure have you put in? A: We set up the base for an arena with product Warwick Farm was replacing on their pro-ride training track. We just paid for the haulage. We also have four stables, and we put in a horse swim. It’s been really good for the big, fat Warmbloods, especially when it’s really hot and you don't feel like riding. It’s great for their fitness and they seem to enjoy it.
Q: When you’re not riding, how do you relax? A : If you ask anybody who knows me, there’s not a lot of downtime or relaxing.
I’ve always got jobs, lots of jobs!
Q: If you had to stop riding completely, what would you do?
A : I’d probably be involved in racing in some capacity. I do enjoy the industry. It’s always exciting and ever evolving.
Q: Is there anything you are looking to improve in your own skill set?
A : I’m always looking to develop as a rider. You never stop learning with horses. I’m lucky as I get to ride so many different kinds of horses. It tests your patience and resolve.
Q: What advice would you give a young person starting out in the industry?
A : Keep a positive attitude, keep turning up, and work hard. You won’t get far if you don’t work hard.
Q: Do you have a particular motto? A : Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. E Q U E S T R I A N H U B . C O M . AU | 115
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