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The goal of this Y-DNA research study is to utilize both traditional genealogical and current DNA methods and technology to identify the unique Y-DNA genetic signature of the renowned Shapiro rabbinical lineage descending from Rabbi... more
The goal of this Y-DNA research study is to utilize both traditional genealogical and current DNA methods and technology to identify the unique Y-DNA genetic signature of the renowned Shapiro rabbinical lineage descending from Rabbi Pinchas Shapira of Korets (1726-1791).

Traditional genealogical methods provided the foundation for our study. We researched the history and genealogy of the Shapiro rabbinical lineage, and we identified and tested three pedigreed patrilineal descendants of three different sons of Rabbi Pinchas Shapira of Korets. We then utilized genetic genealogical methods to compare the Y-DNA genetic profiles of these three pedigreed descendants.

We initially determined that all three descendants genetically matched at 37 short tandem repeat (STR) markers. Their lineage-specific haplotype, in conjunction with their G-M201 haplogroup/G-FGC1160 subclade designation, comprises the Y-DNA genetic signature of their patrilineal line, back to their most recent common ancestor, Rabbi Pinchas Shapira of Korets.

Next steps in the research study include upgrading the Y-DNA analysis to 67 STR markers, and additional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping through the Family Tree DNA Big Y-500 test.

This Y-DNA research study validates historical lines of descent from the Shapiro rabbinical lineage using genealogical research methods, establishes a Y-DNA genetic signature that can be utilized to identify previously unknown or unrecognized descendants of the lineage, and demonstrates a pioneering methodology that can be applied to studies of other rabbinical lineages and their descendants.

If you believe that you are a patrilineal descendant of Rabbi Pinchas Shapira of Korets, or the Shapiro rabbinical lineage/dynasty, and you wish to participate in this Y-DNA research study, please contact the first author, Dr. Jeffrey Mark Paull, at nobleheritage@msn.com.
The goal of this Y-DNA research study is to utilize traditional genealogical methods and current DNA methods and technology to identify the unique Y-DNA genetic signature of John Hart, the thirteenth signer of the Declaration of... more
The goal of this Y-DNA research study is to utilize traditional genealogical methods and current DNA methods and technology to identify the unique Y-DNA genetic signature of John Hart, the thirteenth signer of the Declaration of Independence, and an American Founding Father.

Traditional genealogical methods provided the foundation for our study. We researched the history and genealogy of the family of John Hart, and we identified and located six pedigreed descendants of his patrilineal lineage, including four son-after-son descendants of three of his sons, and two son-after-son descendants of his paternal uncle.

We then utilized genetic genealogical methods to compare the Y-DNA genetic profiles of these six pedigreed descendants.  We determined that they all genetically matched each other at both 37 and 67 STR markers.  Their lineage-specific haplotype was unique to the point that they had no other genetic matches at 67 STR markers, other than their fellow pedigreed Hart descendants.

Based on the results of SNP genotyping through FTDNA’s “Big Y” test, we established their haplogroup/subclade designation, which, in conjunction with their lineage-specific haplotype, comprises the Y-DNA genetic signature of their patrilineal line, back to their most recent common ancestor, the grandfather of John Hart the Signer.

This report of the Y-DNA genetic signature of one of America’s Founding Fathers proves historic lines of descent using genealogical research methods, establishes a Y-DNA genetic signature that can be utilized to identify previously unknown or unrecognized descendants, and demonstrates a pioneering methodology that can be applied to studies of other historical figures and their descendants.

Revised November 23, 2018
The authors have considerable experience conducting DNA lineage studies, with a focus on Y-DNA studies of the world’s historic rabbinical lineages. Each of these studies presents its own unique challenges. Two of the more challenging... more
The authors have considerable experience conducting DNA lineage studies, with a focus on Y-DNA studies of the world’s historic rabbinical lineages.  Each of these studies presents its own unique challenges.  Two of the more challenging aspects that are common to all such studies are the difficulty in finding pedigreed descendants of a rabbinical lineage, and then, once they are identified and located, convincing them to take a DNA test.

In this article, we shall focus on the some of the difficulties that we have encountered in convincing pedigreed descendants to agree to take a DNA test, the predominant reasons why they are reluctant or refuse to test, and some of the strategies that we have found effective in dealing with these difficulties and in encouraging them to test.
During the period when Chassidic Judaism was still in its infancy, Rabbi Raphael of Bershad (c. 1751–1827) was a charismatic figure who was revered by his followers in the region that is now southwestern and central Ukraine. Rabbi... more
During the period when Chassidic Judaism  was still in its infancy, Rabbi  Raphael of Bershad  (c. 1751–1827)  was a charismatic figure who was revered by his followers in the region that is now southwestern and central Ukraine. Rabbi Raphael was a beloved and influential spiritual leader and was known as a tzaddik.  After the death of his mentor, Rabbi Pinchas (Shapira)  of Koretz  (1726–1791), some of his followers became Rabbi Raphael’s disciples and were known as Bershad Chassidim. 

We succeeded in identifying four pedigreed descendants of Rabbi Raphael.  We also succeeded in identifying one partially pedigreed descendant, and several possible patrilineal descendants of Rabbi Raphael. The genealogical records for the partially pedigreed descendant were fragmentary and incomplete, but the naming pattern and available records enabled us to construct a family tree showing a hypothesized line of descent.

In this pioneering Y-DNA research study, we succeeded in identifying the Y-DNA genetic signature and ethnic origin of Rabbi Raphael’s paternal lineage. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of identifying the Y-DNA genetic signature of a rabbinical line, and for verifying descent from that line, despite having fragmentary and incomplete genealogical records.
Y-DNA analysis has proven to be a valuable tool in the genealogical research of Jewish paternal lineages. In our research, we have used it to validate the paper trail of pedigreed rabbinical descendants and identify the Y-DNA genetic... more
Y-DNA analysis has proven to be a valuable tool in the genealogical research of Jewish paternal lineages. In our research, we have used it to validate the paper trail of pedigreed rabbinical descendants and identify the Y-DNA genetic signature of many different rabbinical lineages.

However, sometimes Y-DNA results for Jewish descendants who share the same surname do not match, even though their paper trails indicate descent from the same common ancestor.

What happens when Y-DNA testing does not validate the paper trail? What are the possible reasons for these confounding and unexpected results? The purpose of this article is to explain some of the major reasons why Y-DNA and yichus sometimes tell different stories.

In this article, we explain:

• The meaning and significance of the term yichus to Jewish genealogy, 

• The process for identifying the Y-DNA genetic signature for a rabbinical lineage,

• How we determine whether Y-DNA results prove or disprove patrilineal yichus, and

• The major reasons why Y-DNA and yichus sometimes tell different stories.