Clofibrate is a glucuronosyl transferase inducer that has been proposed to increase the elimination of bilirubin in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. This study was conducted to determine the therapeutic effect of clofibrate in term... more
Clofibrate is a glucuronosyl transferase inducer that has been proposed to increase the elimination of bilirubin in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. This study was conducted to determine the therapeutic effect of clofibrate in term neonates with non-hemolytic jaundice. This study was conducted on 52 newborns with pathologic unconjugated jaundice in Qazvin children hospital. Newborns divided randomly in two groups. Case group treated with clofibrate and intensive phototherapy, while control group treated only with intensive phototherapy. Serum bilirubin level was measured before and 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Results were compared and analyzed. The mean serum level of bilirubin before treatment in the case and control groups were 20.78±2.38 and 20.52±2.44 mg/dl, respectively (P=0.69). The mean serum level of bilirubin in 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after treatment in the case group were 18.20±2.20, 14.70±2.06, 10.72±2.40 and 8.90±0.83 mg/dl , respectively. These values in co...
J Babol Univ Med Sci; 23; 2021; PP: 70-75 Received: Aug 4 2020, Revised: Sep 3
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Background: The most common type of apnea among premature newborns is idiopathic apnea of prematurity. Recurrent apnea can lead to hypoxemia and central nervous system damage. Although caffeine and theophylline are the most commonly... more
Background: The most common type of apnea among premature newborns is idiopathic apnea of prematurity. Recurrent apnea can lead to hypoxemia and central nervous system damage. Although caffeine and theophylline are the most commonly prescribed drugs in this field, there is disagreement about which medicine is preferred. The purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic effect and side effects of caffeine and aminophylline in the treatment of idiopathic apnea of prematurity. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 67 premature neonates with the definite diagnosis of idiopathic apnea of prematurity. In this regard, subjects were divided into two groups, namely aminophylline recipient group (n=31) and caffeine recipient group (n=36). The two groups were compared regarding the frequency of recurrent apnea and side effects of drugs. Results: Regarding gender distribution, 15 (48.4%) patients in the aminophylline recipient group, and subjects in the 20 (55.6%...
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Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the predictive value of clinical, labo-ratory, and imaging variables for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children with their first febrile urinary tract infection. Materials and... more
Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the predictive value of clinical, labo-ratory, and imaging variables for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children with their first febrile urinary tract infection. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty-three children with their first febrile uri-nary tract infection were divided into two groups according to the results of voiding cys-tourethrography: 60 children with vesicoureteral reflux and 93 children without. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, likelihood ratio (positive and negative), and accuracy of the clinical, laboratory, and imaging variables for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux were determined. Results: Of the 153 children with febrile urinary tract infection, 60 patients (39.2%) had vesicoureteral reflux. There were significant differences between the two groups regarding fever＞38oC, suprapubic pain, C-reactive protein quantitative level, number of red blood cells in the u...
Introduction: Probiotics are non-pathogenic strains of organisms. These strains alter the microbial ecology of the gut and improve bowel function. Objectives: In this study, the researchers aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotics on... more
Introduction: Probiotics are non-pathogenic strains of organisms. These strains alter the microbial ecology of the gut and improve bowel function. Objectives: In this study, the researchers aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotics on reducing the duration of treatment for neonatal jaundice and the rate of readmission due to recurrence. Patients and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 88 neonates with jaundice hospitalized for phototherapy in Kowsar hospital from April 2020 to February 2021 were studied. Eligible neonates were randomly divided into probiotic and placebo groups. Both groups received standard conventional phototherapy and the intervention group received 5 drops of probiotic until hospital discharge. The outcome variables were bilirubin, hospitalization days, and readmission. Results: The probiotic group had a significantly lower hospitalization stay in comparison to the placebo group. The hospitalization of the probiotic group was 2.43±0.82 days, while the ho...
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Clofibrate is a glucuronosyl transferase inducer that has been proposed to increase the elimination of bilirubin in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. This study was conducted to determine the therapeutic effect of clofibrate in term... more
Clofibrate is a glucuronosyl transferase inducer that has been proposed to increase the elimination of bilirubin in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. This study was conducted to determine the therapeutic effect of clofibrate in term neonates with non-hemolytic jaundice. This study was conducted on 52 newborns with pathologic unconjugated jaundice in Qazvin children hospital. Newborns divided randomly in two groups. Case group treated with clofibrate and intensive phototherapy, while control group treated only with intensive phototherapy. Serum bilirubin level was measured before and 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Results were compared and analyzed. The mean serum level of bilirubin before treatment in the case and control groups were 20.78 ± 2.38 and 20.52 ± 2.44 mg/dl, respectively (P=0.69). The mean serum level of bilirubin in 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after treatment in the case group were 18.20 ± 2.20, 14.70 ± 2.06, 10.72 ± 2.40 and 8.90 ± 0.83 mg/dl , respectively. These ...
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To address the indications, contraindications, surgical procedure, complications following treatment, factors influencing the results and success rate of intentional replantation procedure. Intentional replantation is extraction of a... more
To address the indications, contraindications, surgical procedure, complications following treatment, factors influencing the results and success rate of intentional replantation procedure. Intentional replantation is extraction of a tooth to do extraoral root canal therapy, curettage of apical lesion when present, and its replacement in its socket. It has been proposed as an alternative to routine extraction; however, it should be considered a last resort because the root may be fractured during extraction. The success rate of intentional replantation is far below than routine endodontic treatment or apical surgery. Difficultness of tooth extraction, the possibility of fracture during extraction and the risk of external resorption are some limitations of this treatment. The most common causes of failure in intentionally replanted teeth are external inflammatory resorption or replacement resorption and ankylosis caused by periodontal ligament damage. The success rate up to 95% with an average retention of 3 to 5 years, has been reported. In some cases, endodontic retreatment or apical surgery is impossible or impractical. In these situations, intentional replantation may be considered as a last resort for preserving the tooth, so all clinicians should know about its indications/contraindications, surgical procedure and complications following treatment.
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To address the indications, contraindications, surgical procedure, complications following treatment, factors influencing the results and success rate of intentional replantation procedure. Intentional replantation is extraction of a... more
To address the indications, contraindications, surgical procedure, complications following treatment, factors influencing the results and success rate of intentional replantation procedure. Intentional replantation is extraction of a tooth to do extraoral root canal therapy, curettage of apical lesion when present, and its replacement in its socket. It has been proposed as an alternative to routine extraction; however, it should be considered a last resort because the root may be fractured during extraction. The success rate of intentional replantation is far below than routine endodontic treatment or apical surgery. Difficultness of tooth extraction, the possibility of fracture during extraction and the risk of external resorption are some limitations of this treatment. The most common causes of failure in intentionally replanted teeth are external inflammatory resorption or replacement resorption and ankylosis caused by periodontal ligament damage. The success rate up to 95% with an average retention of 3 to 5 years, has been reported. In some cases, endodontic retreatment or apical surgery is impossible or impractical. In these situations, intentional replantation may be considered as a last resort for preserving the tooth, so all clinicians should know about its indications/contraindications, surgical procedure and complications following treatment.
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Abstract Whereas high voltage and current create a rough environment for switch electrodes in pulse power technology, the switch requires the most maintenance or replacement after a short time. In this paper we investigate the effects of... more
Abstract Whereas high voltage and current create a rough environment for switch electrodes in pulse power technology, the switch requires the most maintenance or replacement after a short time. In this paper we investigate the effects of magnetic and shock pressures ...
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Abstract When the shock front (SF) hits the central electrode axis of plasma focus device, a reflected shock wave moves radially outwards. The current sheath (CS) results from ionization of filled gas between two electrodes continues to... more
Abstract When the shock front (SF) hits the central electrode axis of plasma focus device, a reflected shock wave moves radially outwards. The current sheath (CS) results from ionization of filled gas between two electrodes continues to compress inwards until it hits ...
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Abstract In order to improve the HXR emission from APF plasma focus device we have investigated the effect of insulator sleeve outer diameter (OD) and its length. Fourteen different insulator sleeve geometries at three different filling... more
Abstract In order to improve the HXR emission from APF plasma focus device we have investigated the effect of insulator sleeve outer diameter (OD) and its length. Fourteen different insulator sleeve geometries at three different filling gas pressures of 6, 7 and 8 ...
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Abstract When the shock front (SF) hits the central axis of plasma focus device, a reflected shock moves radially outwards. The magnetic piston (MP) continues to compress inwards until it hits the out-going reflected shock front. In the... more
Abstract When the shock front (SF) hits the central axis of plasma focus device, a reflected shock moves radially outwards. The magnetic piston (MP) continues to compress inwards until it hits the out-going reflected shock front. In the Lee model, to avoid of complexity and ...
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ABSTRACT Diagnostic devices detection efficiency consist of many parameters. Contribution of each part in main detection efficiency need to study all aspect of devices and experimentally researches. In this paper experimental results and... more
ABSTRACT Diagnostic devices detection efficiency consist of many parameters. Contribution of each part in main detection efficiency need to study all aspect of devices and experimentally researches. In this paper experimental results and theoretical study merged to figure out the total detection efficiency of CXA. Most important primary parameters has been recognized (stripping foil thickness, incident energy, etc.) and effect of these parameters in related part studied. For CXA of TVD tokamak total detection efficiency presented and shown for 3 keV this parameter equal to .09 and stripping efficiency is equal 1.1 approximately. Choosing appropriate system for stripping of neutral beam is the most important factor in CXA diagnostic devices specially for high energy beams.
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ABSTRACT Neutron yield is enhanced by reduction of the short-circuit plasma focus inductance , which in turn increases the pinch current . Numerical experiments are carried out to optimize the neutron production using the Lee model on... more
ABSTRACT Neutron yield is enhanced by reduction of the short-circuit plasma focus inductance , which in turn increases the pinch current . Numerical experiments are carried out to optimize the neutron production using the Lee model on small plasma focus devices (several kilojoules), such as UNU/ICTP PFF, NX2, and LDiana. The maximum neutron yield is obtained for each with a combination of gas pressure as well as anode length and radius ( versus , and at fixed . The numerical experiments confirm the limitation effect of , and suggest an optimum in the range of 10–20 nH. Finally, the neutron yield is scaled with system inductance.
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Abstract The silver activated Geiger counters are fre-quently used for measuring pulsed neutron fluxes espe-cially in plasma focus devices. These counters basically utilize a Geiger-Mueller (GM) counter surrounded by a silver layer as an... more
Abstract The silver activated Geiger counters are fre-quently used for measuring pulsed neutron fluxes espe-cially in plasma focus devices. These counters basically utilize a Geiger-Mueller (GM) counter surrounded by a silver layer as an activation medium and also a polyeth- ...
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Abstract In this paper, an investigation on the X-rays emitted in different pressures by APF plasma focus devices using filtered PIN-diodes and fast plastic scintillation detector is reported. The highest X-ray emission was observed in... more
Abstract In this paper, an investigation on the X-rays emitted in different pressures by APF plasma focus devices using filtered PIN-diodes and fast plastic scintillation detector is reported. The highest X-ray emission was observed in the pressure of 1.6 torr and the behavior of X-ray ...
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ABSTRACT Time and energy integrated measurements of the 3-D angular distribution of X-rays emission within the chamber of a 4 kJ Mather-type plasma focus is investigated employing four different anode shapes and using nitrogen as the... more
ABSTRACT Time and energy integrated measurements of the 3-D angular distribution of X-rays emission within the chamber of a 4 kJ Mather-type plasma focus is investigated employing four different anode shapes and using nitrogen as the filling gas by the TLD-100 thermoluminescence dosimeters. The distributions of X-ray radiation in the energy range of 5 keV to several hundred keV were bimodal for all of the anode tips, peaked approximately at ±15°. The intensity of X-rays decreased abruptly along the central axis of the device where the quasi cylindrical plasma pinch was formed. High intensity of X-ray was observed in the case of a tapered ?at-end anode, whereas less was obtained with the cylindrical hollow-end anode. The maximum nitrogen X-rays were for the tapered flat-end anode at 4.5 mbar and 13 kV. (© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The present work is an investigation on the effect of working gas composition as well as applied voltage and operating pressure on the behavior of SXR emitted from the APF device. Three volumetric ratios(90:10), (75:25), and (50:50) of... more
The present work is an investigation on the effect of working gas composition as well as applied voltage and operating pressure on the behavior of SXR emitted from the APF device. Three volumetric ratios(90:10), (75:25), and (50:50) of nitrogen:neon (N2:Ne) admixture were used with operating conditions at applied voltages of 11, 12, and 13 kV and operating pressures of 1.5, 2,
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ABSTRACT In this paper, neutronic calculations were performed to obtain tritium breeding ratio (TBR) for ITER device using developed helium cooled pebble (HCPB) blanket. The designed blanket module has the following combinations; natural... more
ABSTRACT In this paper, neutronic calculations were performed to obtain tritium breeding ratio (TBR) for ITER device using developed helium cooled pebble (HCPB) blanket. The designed blanket module has the following combinations; natural lithium, Li4SiO4 (20 %), beryllium moderator and neutron multiplier. To ensure tritium self-sufficiency, the calculated achievable TBR should be equal to or greater than the required TBR. Simulations have been performed by means of Monte Carlo MCNP-4C code using END/B-VII.1 data library. Results show that TBR of 1.14 is obtained for this new HCPB.
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ABSTRACT In the present research, time-resolved of X-ray signals are investigated in a 4 kJ PF device using five filtered PIN-diodes and a Scintillation detector. At applied voltage 12 kV using nitrogen (N2) gas, the optimum pressures for... more
ABSTRACT In the present research, time-resolved of X-ray signals are investigated in a 4 kJ PF device using five filtered PIN-diodes and a Scintillation detector. At applied voltage 12 kV using nitrogen (N2) gas, the optimum pressures for maximum yield of HXR and SXR emission were 3 torr and 4 torr respectively. At each operating pressure, multiple pulses in SXR signals with respect to amplitude and duration of emission were studied in a time span of 700–800 ns. According to energy response of filters used, the origin of X-ray pulses and also the approximate energy of X-ray photons were analyzed. It was found that at higher pressure 4 torr, the yield of SXR photons in different pulses increases 20–30% in comparison with the results obtained at pressure 3 torr while the yield of HXR decreases. The results confirm that the operating pressure is an effective parameter on the yield of SXR and HXR emitted from this device.
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ABSTRACT A new pyrazine-bridged binuclear Cu(II) complexes with formulae of [Cu2(chel)2(pyz)(H2O)4], (1, pyz = pyrazine, H2chel = chelidamic acid), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy and solution... more
ABSTRACT A new pyrazine-bridged binuclear Cu(II) complexes with formulae of [Cu2(chel)2(pyz)(H2O)4], (1, pyz = pyrazine, H2chel = chelidamic acid), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy and solution studies. Hydrogen bonding and CO⋯π interactions link the binuclear Cu(II) complex generating the 3D infinite network. These assemblies are described and analyzed by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations since they play an important role in the construction of three-dimensional supramolecular frameworks. A comparison between the stoichiometry of the crystalline compounds and the most abundant species of that detected in solution phase clearly reveals that the most abundant species existing in aqueous solution possesses a stoichiometry similar to these compounds obtained in the single crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
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ABSTRACT Helium ion beam profile, angular and iso-ion beam distributions in 4 kJ Amirkabir plasma focus (APF) device were effectively observed by the unaided eyes and studied in single 1 mm-thick large-diameter (20 cm) polycarbonate track... more
ABSTRACT Helium ion beam profile, angular and iso-ion beam distributions in 4 kJ Amirkabir plasma focus (APF) device were effectively observed by the unaided eyes and studied in single 1 mm-thick large-diameter (20 cm) polycarbonate track detectors (PCTD). The PCTDs were processed by 50 Hz–HV electrochemical etching using a large-size ECE chamber. The results show that helium ions produced in the APF device have a ring-shaped angular distribution peaked at an angle of with respect to the top of the anode. Some information on the helium ion energy and distributions is also provided. The method is highly effective for ion beam studies.
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ABSTRACT Recent studies in our laboratory have proved that electrochemical etching (ECE) of polycarbonate track detectors (PCTD) under 50 Hz - high voltage (HV) field conditions has potentials for time-integrated heavy charged particle... more
ABSTRACT Recent studies in our laboratory have proved that electrochemical etching (ECE) of polycarbonate track detectors (PCTD) under 50 Hz - high voltage (HV) field conditions has potentials for time-integrated heavy charged particle detection and dosimetry applications. The rationale in the study is the ECE process of alpha particle tracks in 1mm thick PCTDs by a 50 Hz–HV generator at optimized ECE conditions. Tracks of 3.2 MeV alpha particles from a collimated beam of an 241Am source degraded in air and background tracks were registered. The effects of HV and ECE duration on alpha track registration efficiency and track diameters were studied for 3 sets of 50 Hz - 4, 5 and 6 kV field conditions in a PEW solution (potassium hydroxide, ethanol and water) at 26 °C. The optimized ECE conditions obtained at this stage of development for 1mm thick PCTDs are 50 Hz – 4 kV in PEW solution at 26 °C for 10 hours. Alpha track registration efficiency at 3.2 MeV is about 30% with 37±6 μm mean track diameter. The mean background track density at the above stated optimized conditions is about 571±16 tracks.cm-2 with a mean diameter of 65±5 μm. All tracks are observable by the unaided eyes. The mean background track diameter is near two times larger than that of alpha particle tracks at the optimum conditions applied; they are easily distinguished against each other. This high background track density while at this stage of development seems a drawback for low dose and low fluence applications, it has minimal effects on high fluence ion detection applications. The simple 50 Hz-HV generator used proved to be convenient for efficient alpha track amplifications. Studies are underway for improvement of the method in particular for reducing background track density.
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This study was conducted to determine the predictive value of clinical, laboratory, and imaging variables for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children with their first febrile urinary tract infection. One hundred fifty-three... more
This study was conducted to determine the predictive value of clinical, laboratory, and imaging variables for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children with their first febrile urinary tract infection. One hundred fifty-three children with their first febrile urinary tract infection were divided into two groups according to the results of voiding cystourethrography: 60 children with vesicoureteral reflux and 93 children without. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, likelihood ratio (positive and negative), and accuracy of the clinical, laboratory, and imaging variables for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux were determined. Of the 153 children with febrile urinary tract infection, 60 patients (39.2%) had vesicoureteral reflux. There were significant differences between the two groups regarding fever>38℃, suprapubic pain, C-reactive protein quantitative level, number of red blood cells in the urine, and results of renal ultrasound and dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scanning (p<0.05). There were significant positive correlations between fever>38.2℃ and dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scanning and vesicoureteral reflux. Also, there were significant positive correlations between the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, positive urinary nitrite test, hyaline cast, and renal ultrasound and high-grade vesicoureteral reflux. This study revealed fever>38.2℃ and dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scanning as the best predictive markers for vesicoureteral reflux in children with their first febrile urinary tract infection. In addition, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, positive urinary nitrite test, hyaline cast, and renal ultrasound are the best predictive markers for high-grade vesicoureteral reflux.
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH Study of Dense Nitrogen Plasma Irradiation of Aluminum Targets by APF Plasma Focus Device Mohammad Afrashteh Morteza Habibi Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 ... Lett. A 215, 63 (1996) 4. RS Rawat et al.,... more
ORIGINAL RESEARCH Study of Dense Nitrogen Plasma Irradiation of Aluminum Targets by APF Plasma Focus Device Mohammad Afrashteh Morteza Habibi Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 ... Lett. A 215, 63 (1996) 4. RS Rawat et al., Surf. Coat. Technol. ...
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ABSTRACT In this study, thin films of aluminium nitride (AlN) are deposited on Nimonic 75 substrates using a 4 kJ Mather type plasma focus device (PFD) for 5, 10 and 15 focus shots. For the deposition of AlN films, a solid aluminium... more
ABSTRACT In this study, thin films of aluminium nitride (AlN) are deposited on Nimonic 75 substrates using a 4 kJ Mather type plasma focus device (PFD) for 5, 10 and 15 focus shots. For the deposition of AlN films, a solid aluminium fitted anode was used instead of a copper anode. The PFD was operated with nitrogen gas at a pressure of 2 torr. X-ray diffraction results reveal the formation of a nanocrystalline AlN coating on the surface of the substrate. The crystallite size is dependent on the number of focus shots. The density of grains increased with an increase in the number of focus deposition shots, as illustrated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The FESEM images confirm the distribution of spherical grains for 15 focus shots. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy spectra indicate the presence of expected constituent elements such as N and Al.
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Abstract Experimental results related to soft X-ray (SXR) properties of Neon plasma on the APF plasma focus device is presented. The experiments were carried on over wide range of neon pressure and at voltages 11, 12 and 13 kV six... more
Abstract Experimental results related to soft X-ray (SXR) properties of Neon plasma on the APF plasma focus device is presented. The experiments were carried on over wide range of neon pressure and at voltages 11, 12 and 13 kV six filtered photo PIN diodes and pin-hole ...
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Abstract Angular distribution of ion beam emission from an argon gas-filled plasma focus devices has been inves-tigated using an array of five Faraday cups. The argon ion beam emission is found to be highly pressure-dependent and reaches... more
Abstract Angular distribution of ion beam emission from an argon gas-filled plasma focus devices has been inves-tigated using an array of five Faraday cups. The argon ion beam emission is found to be highly pressure-dependent and reaches its maximum at the pressure of 1 torr. ...
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Page 1. ORIGINAL RESEARCH Modified Reconstruction of Neutron Spectrum Emitted in Dense Plasma Focus Devices by MCNP Code and Monte-Carlo Method A. Roomi M. Habibi E. Saion R. Amrollahi Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 ...
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Page 1. ORIGINAL RESEARCH Investigation of the Neutron Angular Distribution and Neutron Yield on the APF Plasma Focus Device R. Baghdadi R. Amrollahi M. Habibi GR Etaati Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 ...
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Abstract In this paper behavior of hard X-ray (HXR) anisotropy and its intensity along the anode bar from APF plasma focus facility (16 kV, 36 lf, and 115 nH) with different anode tip materials investigated experimentally. Magnetic probe... more
Abstract In this paper behavior of hard X-ray (HXR) anisotropy and its intensity along the anode bar from APF plasma focus facility (16 kV, 36 lf, and 115 nH) with different anode tip materials investigated experimentally. Magnetic probe signals registered to choose only dis- ...