Muchamad Dafip

The emergence of colorectal cancer cells is associated with the inactivation of the adenomatosis polyposis coli (APC) gene which increases the activity of ß-catenin, one of which is due to oncomiRNA (cancer-inducing microRNA). miR-135a/b-5p and miR-494-3p were thought to be involved in silencing the APC gene and increasing cell proliferation and could potentially be used as anti-miR targets. However, there is a need for an in-depth evaluation of the involvement of the oncomiR as a therapeutic target in preventing the formation of CRC. Therefore, this study aimed to predict the mechanism of inhibition of oncomiR hsa-miR-135a/b, and has-miR-494-3p against APC in the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway. This research was conducted through in silico analysis using a web-based application to describe the stability of the secondary structure, binding position on mRNA, and conserved nucleotides that support biological activity. The data obtained were then used to develop miRNA interaction netw...

Background and Objective: Malondialdehyde (MDA) may increase influenced by free radicals due to lipid oxidation. Tomato induction considers able to prevent free radical damage and atherosclerosis. Therefore, this study aims to understand the effect of steamed-tomato extracts on MDA and its potential as an early diagnosis of atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 healthy 12 weeks-old male-rats were divided into four treatment groups, equally. A normal control group (K1) was rats with placebo treatment. A negative control group (K2) was the rats supplemented with 2 mL kg1 b.wt. per day of cholesterol until cholesterol. A K3 group was atherosclerosis rats given with 20 mg kg1 b.wt. per day of atorvastatin and a K4 was atherosclerotic rats supplemented with 16 mg kg1 b.wt. per day of tomato extract. All treatments were carried out for 60 consecutive days. Results: Tomato extract in the K4 group was succeeded in lowering MDA production. Carotenoid compounds in tomato extract are well known to be prevention agents against lipid oxidation and inhibit free radicals. MDA levels have increased significantly in atherosclerosis conditions, making it potentially noticeable during early atherosclerotic, therefore, potentially developed as biomarkers. Conclusion: MDA levels increase significantly and simultaneously after high cholesterol diets and in line with lipid parameters and damaged blood vessels. The steamed-tomato extract can reduce MDA, lipids levels and protect endothelial from lipid oxidation. More research should be conducted to breakdown the MDA function in the molecular pathway, including MDA correlation to microRNA expression and cell signaling.

Intestinal bacterial species play an essential role in the duck body metabolism and productivity. They are affected by various factors, such as heavy metal contamination. This research aims to study metal emission levels and their correlation with the composition of intestinal bacteria. A total of twenty-five duck samples (Anas platyrhynchos L.) were obtained from Semarang, Temanggung, Magelang, Pati, and Salatiga. Five g of intestinal substances were employed in the isolation 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region. Data sequence in fastqc format was then analyzed using QIIME. Also, the heavy metals in water, feed, and meat samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasm-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The highest heavy metal contaminant was Hg, with a total concentration reaching 5.55±1.79 ppm of input and 4.42±0.80 ppm in meat. The bacterial composition comprises the four highest phyla, sequentially including Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteriodetes. The re...

Hypercholesterolemia triggers atherosclerosis, characterized by releasing TNF-α and miR-29-3p that may be applicable for biomarker or therapeutic targets. This study was aimed to analyze the correlation between TNF-α production and miR-29b-3p expression during hypercholesterolemia progression. Total 12-male-Sprague Dawley rats weighted of 170-180 gr were randomly divided into normal control group and hypercholesterolemia (HC) group, equally. The Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were given only standard feed for seven weeks, combined with placebo for normal group and 2 ml of cholesterol/200 grBM/day, orally for hypercholesterolemia group. The miR-29b-3p expression analysis was performed by qRT-PCR and TNF-α using ELISA, by followed manufacture procedures. The miR-29b-3, then analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis analysis, whereas TNF-α was analysed using t-test. During, initial week, TNF-α was produced 5.19±0.20 pg/ml in the normal group and significantly different with HC group there was 4.43±0.32 ...

The diversity of intestinal bacteria in geese correlates with environmental conditions, rearing methods, and consumed feeds. The intestinal bacteria composition is useful for the absorption of nutrition, improving the metabolism, and may be related to the immune system. This study was conducted to examine the intestinal bacteria composition and the diversity of maintained goose in aviaries and barns. This research was an observational exploratory. Five geese were taken purposively from local breeders in Gunungpati District, Semarang City. A total of 5 g of intestinal contents from each sample was used for microbial genome isolation. Then, the genome was amplified to collect 16S rRNA gene region V3-V4. The amplicons were then sequenced using the next generation sequencing (NGS) method (Illumina high-throughput sequencing; paired-end reads) and analyzed using QIIME2 to identify bacterial species. In addition, GC-MS was performed to identify and measure fatty acid contents in the intes...

Penggunaan pemanis buatan yang semula hanya ditujukan pada produk-produk khusus bagi penderita diabetes, saat ini penggunaannya semakin meluas pada berbagai produk pangan. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya penelitian tentang pengaruh pemberian pemanis buatan terhadap kerusakan organ tubuh khususnya organ hati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran histopatologi hati pada mencit yang diinduksi pemanis buatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan rancangan post test randomized control group design. Sebanyak 20 ekor mencit  jantan  galur Balb/c dibagi secara acak menjadi empat kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari lima ekor. Kelompok 1 sebagai kelompok kontrol diberi akuades sebagai placebo. Kelompok 2,3, dan 4 berturut-turut diberi  pemanis buatan dengan dosis 5 mg/KgBB, 10 mg/KgBB, dan 15 mg/KgBB. Pemanis buatan diberikan secara oral selama 30 hari. Pada hari ke-31 semua mencit dimatikan untuk diambil organ hatinya. Organ hati selan...

Hypercholesterolemia is a condition caused by high cholesterol consumption. Tomatoes is well known has cholesterol-lowering effects. However, high consumption of tomato shall be concerned especially prooxidant potential that may damage the organ, especially in liver. This study aims to understand the effect of hypercholesterolemic and tomato administration to the rat’s liver, which is monitored using aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and histological condition. A total 24 of 12-weeks-old male-rats divided into 4 groups, equally. The K1 as normal group consist of placebo-treatment rats; K2 group as hypercholesterolemia group induced with high-cholesterol diet and 2 ml of cholesterol; K3 group was hypercholesterolemia rats treated with 20 mg of atorvastatin; and the last is K4 group was cholesterol rats supplemented with 16 mg/ day of tomato extract. All samples were treated for 60 days. The highest levels of AST and ALT level was 76.39 U/L and 45.40 U/L, respec...

Kesadaran generasi milenial akan adanya bencana terutama banjir merupakan salah satu aspek personal yang menentukan ketangguhan masyarakat menghadapi bencana. Kesadaran akan bencana muncul dengan mengembangkan sikap tanggap dan siap siaga bencana terkait bagaimana bertindak saat bencana datang. Sering kali, milenial terdistorsi dengan perkembangan teknologi dan justru menjadikan bencana sebagai ajang pamer di media sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan peran masyarakat, khususnya kaum milenial melalui identifikasi sikap tanggap dan kesiapsiagaan milenial dalam menangani banjir di Kota Semarang. Sebanyak 278 responden berusia 18-35 tahun dilibatkan yang berasal dari seluruh kecamatan di kota Semarang, dengan metode observasi eksploratif untuk menilai sikap dan kesiapsiagaan. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan observasi, kuesioner berbasis Google Form. Pengamatan lapangan dilakukan untuk memperkuat hasil dan digunakan sebagai data pendukung. Semua data yang ...

Received: 17 August 2020 Accepted: 26 February 2021 Flood is a common and frequent natural disaster in many countries that causes huge economic losses and casualties every year. Youth participation in flood disaster management (FDM) has not been much explored, especially in the non-prone area but contributing to flooding resilience. Therefore, this study aims to identify youth participation in disaster management to help an improvement in preparedness action. The research was conducted using a qualitative model: case study research, involving 191 young people aged 14-35-years in 16 sub-districts in Semarang City. The data, including youth’s action, knowledge, and participation in FDM, was collected using Google Form, observation, and interview, then statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney’s test and path analysis. The results show the respondents in flood-affected areas are more actively participating in flood disaster management action because of their experience in facing floodi...

This study was aimed to compare sugars and amino acid content in duck’s feed and the intestinal bacteria's effects to improve ducks' quality. This research was an observational exploration involving five duck husbandries from Semarang, Temanggung, Magelang, Pati, and Salatiga District, Central Java. A total of 5 g of intestinal contents were collected from each of the five ducks randomly selected from each husbandry. The feed and intestinal contents were then analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest amino acid types were glutamate, aspartate, lysine, valine, and isoleucine, while the lowest was asparagine found in all sample farms. Intestinal contents freshly extracted then placed in dark bottles sterile for microbiome analysis with primers 6S rRNA V3-V4 genome identification. The concentration of glucose, fructose, and galactose in the intestine has increased significantly caused by digested polysaccharides. The composition of bacteria plays...

This study aims to identify the ability of teachers to use technology and teacher competencies towards technology-based learning processes. This research involved 35 high school geography teachers in Semarang City. Variables analyzed include technological skill (TS); pedagogic competence (PED); professional competence (PRO); and technology-based learning (TBT) developed by teachers. The questionnaire was used in this research was closed questionnaire model. The collected data was tabulated and continued with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, ANOVA test, Pearson correlation test and regression test. Based on the result, teacher’s capability in using technology, has no connection with the technology-based learning that designed by them. While professional competency has no significant impact on the implementation of TBT (p = 0.801), with a partial negative value and R2 of only 4%. It can be assumed that the technology-based learning was conducted based more on the ability of teachers to mana...

The use of synthetic drugs, such as atorvastatin and simvastatin, often cause health problems caused by side effects. Tomatoes are a food source that contains antioxidants such as vitamins A, C and E in high amounts and increase because of the processing. The nutritional content of tomatoes in preventing hypercholesterolemia arising from oxidative stress as a result of accumulation of LDL-cholesterol in the endothelium. Therefore, this study considers steamed tomatoes in overcoming the condition of hypercholesterolemia. The study design uses the Post Test Randomized Control Group Design. Before being given as many as 24 white rats that were made hypercholesterolemia, then divided into 4 groups, namely K1 (negative control group), K2 (atherosclerosis rat control group), K3 (atherosclerosis group called atorvastatin), K4 (atherosclerosis group supplemented with 16 mg / tail / day). ANOVA-LSD test results showed the differences shown (p <0.05) between the control group (K) and the c...