- Indo-European Languages, Nostratic, Ancient Near Eastern Languages, Theravadin Buddhism, Comparative Semitic Linguistics, Ancient Egyptian language, and 46 moreUralic Linguistics, Nostratic Grammar, Archaeology, Languages and Linguistics, Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Phonology, Phonetics, Morphology, Afroasiatic linguistics, Comparative Semitics, Cushitic, Berber, Egyptian, Chadic, Arabic Dialectology, Bible Translation, Elamite, Finno-Ugric languages, Afroasiatic lexicon, Latin Language, Ancient Greek Language, Anatolian Languages, Linguistic Typology, Indo-European Linguistics, Comparative Linguistics, Indo-European Studies, Luwian, Lycian, Caucasian Archaeology, Ancient Anatolia and the Caucasus, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Yeniseian Languages, Comparative Uralic Linguistics, Indo-Iranian Linguistics, Hieroglyphic Luvian / Luwian, Dravidian Linguistics, Pali, Sanskrit language and literature, Proto-Germanic, Old Germanic Languages, Gothic Language, Buddhism, Theravada Buddhism, Anthropology, and Philosophy(Uralic Linguistics, Nostratic Grammar, Archaeology, Languages and Linguistics, Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Phonology, Phonetics, Morphology, Afroasiatic linguistics, Comparative Semitics, Cushitic, Berber, Egyptian, Chadic, Arabic Dialectology, Bible Translation, Elamite, Finno-Ugric languages, Afroasiatic lexicon, Latin Language, Ancient Greek Language, Anatolian Languages, Linguistic Typology, Indo-European Linguistics, Comparative Linguistics, Indo-European Studies, Luwian, Lycian, Caucasian Archaeology, Ancient Anatolia and the Caucasus, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Yeniseian Languages, Comparative Uralic Linguistics, Indo-Iranian Linguistics, Hieroglyphic Luvian / Luwian, Dravidian Linguistics, Pali, Sanskrit language and literature, Proto-Germanic, Old Germanic Languages, Gothic Language, Buddhism, Theravada Buddhism, Anthropology, and Philosophy)edit
In this paper, I would like to propose a new Hitttite etymology.
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Etymology of Hittite a-ku-uš 'sea-shell'.
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Summary of Hurrian phonology (corrected 25 September 2023).
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This article brings together two fields: (1) the traditional study of the lexicon of Proto-Indo-European (including the material culture and belief system of the prehistoric speakers of Proto-Indo-European) and (2) the traditional study... more
This article brings together two fields: (1) the traditional study of the lexicon of Proto-Indo-European (including the material culture and belief system of the prehistoric speakers of Proto-Indo-European) and (2) the traditional study of the lexicon of Proto-Semitic (also including the material culture and belief system of the prehistoric speakers of Proto-Semitic). In particular, this paper deals with the words for 'star' in Indo-European and Semitic. The main proposals concerning their possible origin are evaluated, and the most probable proposal is highlighted. In both cases, the underlying meaning for the words for 'star' turns out to be something like 'the burning, glowing, shining thing or object'.
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This is a complete review of volumes 1, 2, and 3 combined into a single PDF.
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Research Interests: Indo-european language reconstruction, Semitic languages, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Altaic Linguistics, and 9 moreUralic Linguistics, Comparative Semitics, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Dravidian Linguistics, Kartvelian Languages, Indo-European, Nostratic, and Afroasiatic linguistics
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First in a series of papers demonstrating the Nostratic origin of Afrasian (Afroasiatic).
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Second in a series of papers demonstrating the Nostratic origin of Afrasian (Afroasiatic).
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Third in a series of papers demonstrating the Nostratic origin of Afrasian (Afroasiatic).
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In this paper, I would like to propose several new Nostratic etymologies.
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The purpose of this chapter is to examine the consonant inventories of the Transeurasian languages from a comparative perspective. This chapter will begin with a discussion of the reconstruction of the consonant inventory of... more
The purpose of this chapter is to examine the consonant inventories of the Transeurasian languages from a comparative perspective. This chapter will begin with a discussion of the reconstruction of the consonant inventory of Proto-Transeurasian (PTEA), the hypothetical proto-language from which the Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic, Koreanic, and Japonic languages are descended. Thereafter, the individual branches will be considered in turn. The chapter ends with a discussion of root structure patterning in Proto-Transeurasian.
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There have been numerous attempts to find relatives of Proto-Indo-European, not the least of which is the Indo-Uralic Hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Uralic are alleged to descend from a common... more
There have been numerous attempts to find relatives of Proto-Indo-European, not the least of which is the Indo-Uralic Hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Uralic are alleged to descend from a common ancestor. However, attempts to prove this hypothesis have run into numerous difficulties. One difficulty concerns the inability to reconstruct the ancestral morphological system in detail, and another concerns the rather small shared vocabulary. This latter problem is further complicated by the fact that many scholars think in terms of borrowing rather than inheritance. Moreover, the lack of agreement in vocabulary affects the ability to establish viable sound correspondences and rules of combinability. This paper will attempt to show that these and other difficulties are caused, at least in large part, by the question of the origins of the Indo-European parent language. Evidence will be presented to demonstrate that Proto-Indo-European is the result of the imposition of a Eurasiatic language-to use Greenberg's term-on a population speaking one or more primordial Northwest Caucasian languages.
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Research Interests: Indo-european language reconstruction, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, and 6 moreCaucasian Languages, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Indo-European Etymology, North-West Caucasian languages, and Northwest Caucasian Languages
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This paper explores the possibility that the heteroclitic noun stems of Proto-Indo-European may have arisen as the result of prehistoric language contact with Northwest Caucasian.
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This article begins with a discussion of the traditional reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European consonant system, starting with August Schleicher and ending with current views. It then discusses a number of problem areas with the... more
This article begins with a discussion of the traditional reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European consonant system, starting with August Schleicher and ending with current views. It then discusses a number of problem areas with the traditional reconstruction and suggests that a better reconstruction is the Glottalic Model originally proposed by Gamkrelidze—Ivanov (1972 and 1973) and Hopper (1973). Next, several criticisms of the Glottalic Model are discussed and refuted. The article ends with trajectories of the revised Proto-Indo-European consonant system in the principal Indo-European daughter languages.
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The paper explores the important, though generally ignored, role that Hittite and the other older Anatolian daughter languages have to play in the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European phonological system.
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The paper explores the important role that Armenian has to play in understanding the development of the glottalic model of the Proto-Indo-European consonant system in Old Indic, Greek, and Italic.
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In this brief article, I would like to propose a new Proto-Indo-European verb root, namely, *kep-/*kop-'to desire'.
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Review by Mykolas Palmaitis of Allan R. Bomhard's 1984 book "Toward Proto-Nostratic".
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Review of Allan R. Bomhard, "Indo-European and the Nostratic Hypothesis" (1996) by Paul Sidwell.
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Review by Lyle Campbell of "The Nostratic Macrofamily" by Allan R. Bomhard and John C. Kerns.
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Review of Bomhard & Kerns, The Nostratic Macrofamily.
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"Review" of Allan R. Bomhard's 1984 book "Toward Proto-Nostratic" by Eugene Helimski.
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Review of Allan R. Bomhard "Toward Proto-Nostratic" (1984) by Carleton T. Hodge.
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Review by Irén Gy.Hegedüs of Allan R. Bomhard "Toward Proto-Nostratic" (1984)
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Review by Daniel McCall of Bomhard's 1996 book "Indo-European and the Nostratic Hypothesis"
Research Interests: Indo-european language reconstruction, Semitic languages, Comparative Semitic Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 7 moreComparative Semitics, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indo-European, Nostratic, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Afroasiatic linguistics
Review by Karel Petráček of Bomhard's 1984 book "Toward Proto-Nostratic".
Research Interests: Indo-european language reconstruction, Semitic languages, Comparative Semitic Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 6 moreComparative Semitics, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Afroasiatic linguistics
Review by Saul Levin of Bomhard's 1984 book "Toward Proto-Nostratic".
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Review by Simonetta Pelusi of Bomhard's 2008 book "Reconstructing Proto-Nostratic".
Research Interests: Indo-european language reconstruction, Semitic languages, Comparative Semitic Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 21 moreAltaic Linguistics, Sumerian, Uralic Linguistics, Comparative Semitics, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Ancient Egyptian language, Dravidian Linguistics, Proto-Nostratic, Chukchi, Etruscan studies, Kartvelian Languages, AfroAsiatic, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Eskimo-Aleut (Siberian Yupik Eskimo), Kartvelian Linguistics, Chukcho-Kamchatkan linguistics, Afroasiatic linguistics, Altaic Studies, and Turkic & Altaic Studies(Altaic Linguistics, Sumerian, Uralic Linguistics, Comparative Semitics, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Ancient Egyptian language, Dravidian Linguistics, Proto-Nostratic, Chukchi, Etruscan studies, Kartvelian Languages, AfroAsiatic, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Eskimo-Aleut (Siberian Yupik Eskimo), Kartvelian Linguistics, Chukcho-Kamchatkan linguistics, Afroasiatic linguistics, Altaic Studies, and Turkic & Altaic Studies)
(Altaic Linguistics, Sumerian, Uralic Linguistics, Comparative Semitics, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Ancient Egyptian language, Dravidian Linguistics, Proto-Nostratic, Chukchi, Etruscan studies, Kartvelian Languages, AfroAsiatic, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Eskimo-Aleut (Siberian Yupik Eskimo), Kartvelian Linguistics, Chukcho-Kamchatkan linguistics, Afroasiatic linguistics, Altaic Studies, and Turkic & Altaic Studies)
Review of Bomhard & Kerns, The Nostratic Macrofamily.
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Review by Marc Picard of the 1994 book by Allan R. Bomhard and John C. Kerns entitled "The Nostratic Macrofamily: A Study in Distant Linguistic Relationship".
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Review of Bomhard's "Toward Proto-Nostratic" (1984) by Aharon Dolgopolsky.
Review by R. Gottlieb of Allan R. Bomhard's 1984 book "Toward Proto-Nostratic".
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Discussion of work done on the Nostratic Hypothesis from the beginnings through the mid-1990s.
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Review of Aharon Dolgopolsky (1998), "The Nostratic Macrofamily and Linguistic Palaeontology", by Harold C. Fleming
Research Interests: Indo-european language reconstruction, Semitic languages, Comparative Semitic Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 9 moreAltaic Linguistics, Uralic Linguistics, Comparative Semitics, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Dravidian Linguistics, Kartvelian Languages, Nostratic, and Turkic & Altaic Studies
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Review of a collection of papers by Soviet scholars on distant linguistic relationship.
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1981 paper on the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European consonant inventory.
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The purpose of this book is to examine the evidence of the Anatolian languages, and, on that basis, to attempt to reconstruct the phonological systems of their immediate ancestors, namely, Proto-Anatolian and Proto-Indo-Anatolian.... more
The purpose of this book is to examine the evidence of the Anatolian languages, and, on that basis, to attempt to reconstruct the phonological systems of their immediate ancestors, namely, Proto-Anatolian and Proto-Indo-Anatolian. (Revised 3 July 2024.)
Research Interests: Indo-european language reconstruction, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Anatolian Languages, Hittite, and 9 moreLuwian, Lycian, Lydian, Palaic, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Hieroglyphic Luvian / Luwian
A Comprehensive Introduction to Nostratic Comparative Linguistics (5h edition) (5 volumes, 3,239 pp., combined into a single PDF).
Research Interests: Indo-european language reconstruction, Semitic languages, Comparative Semitic Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 11 moreAltaic Linguistics, Uralic Linguistics, Comparative Semitics, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Ancient Egyptian language, Dravidian Linguistics, Nostratic, Kartvelian Linguistics, Chukcho-Kamchatkan linguistics, and Afroasiatic linguistics
There have been numerous attempts to find relatives of Proto-Indo-European, not the least of which is the Indo-Uralic Hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Uralic are alleged to descend from a common... more
There have been numerous attempts to find relatives of Proto-Indo-European, not the least of which is the Indo-Uralic Hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Uralic are alleged to descend from a common ancestor. However, attempts to prove this hypothesis have run into numerous difficulties. One difficulty concerns the inability to reconstruct the ancestral morphological system in detail, and another concerns the rather small shared vocabulary. This latter problem is further complicated by the fact that many scholars think in terms of borrowing rather than inheritance. Moreover, the lack of agreement in vocabulary affects the ability to establish viable sound correspondences and rules of combinability. This paper will attempt to show that these and other difficulties are caused, at least in large part, by the question of the origins of the Indo-European parent language. Evidence will be presented to demonstrate that Proto-Indo-European is the result of the imposition of a Eurasiatic language-to use Joseph Greenberg's term-on a population speaking one or more primordial Northwest Caucasian languages.
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An early work by Allan R. Bomhard comparing Proto-Indo-European to other languages/language families of Northern Eurasia and the ancient Near East.
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Translation/revision/reformatting of Ilse Wegner's Hurrian Grammar (1st edition).
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Newsletter of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, no. 20 (September 1993).
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Newsletter of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, no. 21 (January 1994).
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Newsletter of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, no. 22 (May 1994).
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Newsletter of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, no. 23 (November 1994).
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Newsletter of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, no. 24 (March 1995).
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Newsletter of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, Special Issue (October 1999).
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Journal of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, no. II (1996).
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Journal of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, no. VIII (2003).
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Journal of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, no. XXI (2016).
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Synopsis of work on distant linguistic comparison by Hellas Vuosaly.
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The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive, reliable, clear, well-arranged guide to the life and teachings of the Buddha, as preserved in the Pāḷi scriptures of Theravādin Buddhism. These scriptures are the most authentic... more
The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive, reliable, clear, well-arranged guide to the life and teachings of the Buddha, as preserved in the Pāḷi scriptures of Theravādin Buddhism. These scriptures are the most authentic record of these teachings that have come down to us, inasmuch as they come directly from the Buddha Himself or from His direct disciples. They provide both the clearest account of the Buddha’s true teachings and a valuable record of the early history of Buddhism.
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The basics of Buddhism in a question and answer format.
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Adapted for use by the Charleston Buddhist Fellowship.
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A selection of essays by Francis Story.
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Introduction to Theravadin Buddhism.
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An Introduction to the essential teachings of Buddhism from a Theravadin perspective.
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An anthology of discourses from the Pali Canon.
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A guide to Theravadin Buddhist meditation.
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In this book, only the canonical texts of the Pāḷi Canon are discussed. In addition to these texts, there is a huge amount of commentarial and subcommentarial literature as well as many non-canonical works, including anthologies,... more
In this book, only the canonical texts of the Pāḷi Canon are discussed. In addition to these texts, there is a huge amount of commentarial and subcommentarial literature as well as many non-canonical works, including anthologies, cosmological texts, poetry, stories, chronicles, and letters and inscriptions. Among these are famous works such as the Dīpavaṁsa (“Chronicle of the Island” [Śri Lanka]), the Mahāvaṁsa (“Great Chronicle” [also of Śri Lanka]), the Milindapañha (“Milinda’s Questions”), the Visuddhimagga (“Path of Purification”), the Abhidhammattha Sangaha (“A Comprehen-sive Manual of Abhidhamma”), etc.
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A western student’s meditation experience under the guidance of Sayagyi U Ba Khin.
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Revision by Allan R. Bomhard of the comprehensive and highly technical guide to Buddhist meditation "Buddhist Meditation in Theory and Practice" by Paravahera Vajirañāṇa Mahāthera.
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A brief examination and evaluation of the Bible by Robert Green Ingersoll (1833-1899). New edition, edited and reformatted by Allan R. Bomhard (revised 16 June 2024).