Abstract: A captive, 22-year-old, intact male Sunda wrinkled hornbill (Aceros corrugatus) was presented for an acute onset of open-mouth breathing and bilaterally drooped wings. An external physical examination revealed a moderately thin... more
Abstract: A captive, 22-year-old, intact male Sunda wrinkled hornbill (Aceros corrugatus) was presented for an acute onset of open-mouth breathing and bilaterally drooped wings. An external physical examination revealed a moderately thin body condition, marked respiratory effort, and a significant heart murmur. Diagnostic blood testing revealed moderate azotemia and persistent erythrocytosis, initially documented 2 years before this event. Radiographic imaging revealed a subjectively enlarged heart and a right dorsal coelomic cavity mass. Further diagnostic testing included an echocardiogram and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirate of the right coelomic cavity mass, with cytology consistent with a carcinoma. The bird was euthanatized because of the poor prognosis. Necropsy and histopathology identified right atrioventricular valve hypertrophy with severe hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy of the right ventricular free wall, atherosclerosis of the great vessels and arteriosclerosis of myocardial vessels, severe hepatic extramedullary hematopoiesis, and pulmonary carcinoma of the right lung. In this case, erythrocytosis was considered a physiologic response to hypoxemia caused by the lung mass.
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Cytology and hematology can provide valuable information during the evaluation of fish patients. Although more commonly practiced with larger species of fish, hematologic evaluation aids in the identification of diseases that have an... more
Cytology and hematology can provide valuable information during the evaluation of fish patients. Although more commonly practiced with larger species of fish, hematologic evaluation aids in the identification of diseases that have an effect on the cells in peripheral blood in the same manner as in mammalian and avian patients. Cytology provides clinical diagnostic support in the evaluation of the health status of even the smallest fish.
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Meticulously updated, this second edition of "Avian Hematology and Cytology" is a reference for cell identification and interpretation of cellular responses and aids the avian veterinarian with the development of a presumptive... more
Meticulously updated, this second edition of "Avian Hematology and Cytology" is a reference for cell identification and interpretation of cellular responses and aids the avian veterinarian with the development of a presumptive or definitive diagnosis. Employing more than 200 colour illustrations, it describes cells and cellular changes that apply to birds in general, recognising the fact that individual species may respond differently. Covered are evaluation of haemic cytology, use of cytodiagnosis and example of common artifacts seen on cellular samples. The second edition features completely updated information and citation to source throughout the text.
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Vitamin D intoxication developed in Vietnamese Pot-Bellied Pigs (Sus scrofa) fed 2 commercially available swine rations. Pronounced hypercalcemia and a history incompatible with other causes of hypercalcemia led to confirmation of this... more
Vitamin D intoxication developed in Vietnamese Pot-Bellied Pigs (Sus scrofa) fed 2 commercially available swine rations. Pronounced hypercalcemia and a history incompatible with other causes of hypercalcemia led to confirmation of this diagnosis by plasma vitamin D metabolite analysis in 2 affected animals as compared to a control animal. Feed sample analysis suggested the diet as the likely source of toxicity.
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Abstract A 9-month-old, male budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) was presented with an acute onset of weakness and vomiting. The bird had recently ingested leaves of freshly harvested crown vetch (Coronilla varia) from a fresh cutting of... more
Abstract A 9-month-old, male budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) was presented with an acute onset of weakness and vomiting. The bird had recently ingested leaves of freshly harvested crown vetch (Coronilla varia) from a fresh cutting of the plant placed next to the bird's cage. During the following 10 hours, the bird exhibited tachypnea and showed progressive neurologic signs of weakness, incoordination, tremors, and depression. The bird was treated with supportive care and activated charcoal. Its condition stabilized in the following 8 hours, with improvement within 48 hours and complete recovery in 2 weeks. Crown vetch grows in disturbed soils, tolerates dry conditions, and is often planted to prevent soil erosion. The toxic constituent of crown vetch is the nitrotoxin, β-nitropropionic acid, a potent neurotoxin.
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Exotic Animal Hematology and Cytology, 4th Edition - Libros de Medicina - Animales Exoticos - 107,00
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ABSTRACT An adult male tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum, of unknown age presented with an expanding mass on the dorsum. The mass was surgically removed, and the wound was allowed to heal by second intention. The granulating area was... more
ABSTRACT An adult male tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum, of unknown age presented with an expanding mass on the dorsum. The mass was surgically removed, and the wound was allowed to heal by second intention. The granulating area was kept protected by a Nexaband bandage, which was reapplied approximately every seven days. The resected mass was examined histopathologically and was interpreted as a soft tissue sarcoma. In addition, a peripheral blood smear taken at the time of surgery revealed a marked eosinophilia with a shift towards immaturity, consistent with an eosinophilic leukemia, or a marked reactive eosinophilia such as that seen in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. The animal recovered well from the surgery and by two months, post-operatively the wound had completely healed. However, tumor recurrence was evident, and by six months after the surgery the tumor had regrown to its original size. Eight months post-operatively the salamander was euthaninized due to copious hemorrhage from the u...
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Elasmobranch hematology continues to reveal new peculiarities within this specialized field. This report compares total hematologic values from the same white-spotted bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium plagiosum) housed in different... more
Elasmobranch hematology continues to reveal new peculiarities within this specialized field. This report compares total hematologic values from the same white-spotted bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium plagiosum) housed in different environments. We compared the hemograms one year apart, using a standardized Natt-Herrick's technique. The total white blood cell (WBC) counts of the sharks were statistically different between the two time points (initial median total WBC count = 18,920 leukocytes/μl, SD = 8,108; 1 year later total WBC count = 1,815 leukocytes/μl, SD = 1,309). The packed cell volumes were additionally found to be statistically different (19%, SD = 2.9 vs. 22%, SD = 2.0). Analysis revealed the only differences between the time points were the temperature and stocking densities at which these sharks were housed. This report emphasizes the need for a thorough understanding of the husbandry of an elasmobranch prior to interpretation of a hemogram and suggests that reference i...
Research Interests: Zoology, Biology, Medicine, Zoo Biology, Sharks, and 7 moreFemale, Animals, Male, Temperature, Sex Factors, Veterinary Sciences, and leukocyte Count
This study is important to the future policies of Western countries and Japan because of the rising overall of cities in the developing world is projected to match that of the developed within the span of a human generation. Although the... more
This study is important to the future policies of Western countries and Japan because of the rising overall of cities in the developing world is projected to match that of the developed within the span of a human generation. Although the experience reported for the cases has shown that a resource-conserving urbanism approach can be an effective tool of analysis, it is not sufficient by itself to be the foundation for a given USAID urban program. It addresses only conditions within a given urban region, while a program must take into account such matters as: (1) general conditions of political stability; (2) prospects for continued growth in international trade; (3) relationships of the national government with the United States; and (4) the funds available within the United States for covering existing commitments, and some local factors. The method is not even very sensitive to comparisons of cities for choosing the most suitable program locales because the accumulated information illuminates the uniqueness of each urban community. It will, however, generate most of the up-to-date information needed. (PSB)
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As elasmobranch medicine becomes more commonplace, there continues to be confusion with techniques and evaluation of the shark hemogram and it remains unknown if they are able to mount an inflammatory hemic response. The aims of this... more
As elasmobranch medicine becomes more commonplace, there continues to be confusion with techniques and evaluation of the shark hemogram and it remains unknown if they are able to mount an inflammatory hemic response. The aims of this study were to compare two total white blood cell (WBC) count techniques, establish a reference interval for captive white-spotted bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium plagiosum), and determine if elasmobranchs are capable of mounting an inflammatory hemic response. Correlation statistics were performed on hematologic results for healthy female bamboo sharks to assess the use of Natt-Herrick's and phloxine methods. Total WBC counts and differentials were obtained from males with severe traumatic clasper wounds and compared to the healthy females. We elected clasper amputation as the preferred treatment intervention and post-operative hematology was performed one month later. There was poor correlation of leukocyte counts between the two WBC count methods. Hematologic values were established for the females and males pre- and post-operatively. Males with wounds had a marked leukocytosis and heterophilia. Post-operative blood work showed a resolution of total WBC count and a trend toward resolution of the heterophilia. This study provides hematologic values for white-spotted bamboo sharks and confirms that the Natt-Herrick's method is preferred for lymphocytic species. Hematologic differences present in males with clasper wounds suggests that elasmobranchs do mount an inflammatory hemic response. Treatment via clasper amputation proved to be a safe and efficient means for clinical treatment that led to a trend toward resolution of the inflammatory leukogram. Zoo Biol. XX:XX-XX, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Tienda online donde Comprar Exotic Animal Hematology and Cytology, 4th Edition al precio 112,35 € de Terry Campbell, tienda de Libros de Medicina, Libros de Veterinaria - Animales Exoticos
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Cytology as a diagnostic tool has played a major role in the management of diseases affecting domestic mammals for over 20 years. It has also become a valuable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of nondomestic or the so-called... more
Cytology as a diagnostic tool has played a major role in the management of diseases affecting domestic mammals for over 20 years. It has also become a valuable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of nondomestic or the so-called "exotic" animal patients, such as small mammals and the lower vertebrates. Common cytologic specimens used to evaluate the exotic animal patient include aspirates of masses and organs, imprints of biopsy material, tracheal wash samples, aspiration of abdominal or coelomic fluid, and fecal smears. In general, the same cytologic sample collection and preparation techniques used for domestic mammals also apply to exotic animal patients. The interpretation of the cytology specimen is generally the same as that of domestic mammals.
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Southern stingrays, Dasyatis americana, are a well-represented elasmobranch species in public aquaria and other facilities throughout the world. This study was conducted at a facility that experienced some mortality and replenished the... more
Southern stingrays, Dasyatis americana, are a well-represented elasmobranch species in public aquaria and other facilities throughout the world. This study was conducted at a facility that experienced some mortality and replenished the collection with wild-caught stingrays. A common necropsy finding among the stingrays was a small, dark liver. The objectives of this study were to assess the reliability of an ultrasound-guided technique for establishing a liver-to-coelom ratio by calculating the approximate length of the liver with respect to the coelomic cavity length and then to compare ratios between acclimated captive and wild-caught stingrays. The ultrasound validation phase of the study measured the distance from the caudal margin of the liver to the pelvic cartilaginous girdle and compared it to the actual distance measured during the necropsy or surgery. There was no significant difference found between the ultrasound and actual distance measurements (P = 0.945). This technique was then used to establish liver-to-coelom ratios and compare two groups of stingrays, presumably under different metabolic states at different periods. Liver-to-coelom ratios were established during initial examinations as well as 8 months after cohabitation in a touch pool exhibit. There were significant differences in liver-to-coelom ratios between the two stingray groups at introduction (median difference = 30.9%, P = 0.007) and after 8 months (median difference = 20.5%, P = 0.008). There were also significant differences in the liver-to-coelom ratios within each group at introduction and at 8 months (acclimated group median difference = 20.4%, P = 0.018; wild-caught group median difference 31%, P = 0.008).
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An 18-year-old, male, castrated, captive-born leopard (Panthera pardus) presented to Colorado State University’s Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a two-week history of regurgitation. Thoracic radiographs and ultrasound revealed a... more
An 18-year-old, male, castrated, captive-born leopard (Panthera pardus) presented to Colorado State University’s Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a two-week history of regurgitation. Thoracic radiographs and ultrasound revealed a well-differentiated cranioventral mediastinal mass measuring 7.5 × 10 × 5.5 cm, impinging the esophagus. A sternotomy followed by mass excision was performed. The mass was diagnosed as an ectopic thyroid carcinoma. The leopard recovered from surgery with minimal complications and returned to near-normal activity levels for just under 6 months before rapidly declining. He had an acute onset of severe dyspnea and lethargy and was euthanized. On postmortem examination the tumor was found to involve the lung, liver, thyroid, parietal pleura, bronchial lymph nodes, and the internal intercostal muscles. This case report describes the history, diagnosis, surgical treatment, postoperative care, and recovery as well as the eventual decline, euthanasia, and necropsy...
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This report describes a long-horned cowfish, which was diagnosed with buphthalmia and lens sub-luxation in the right eye, conditions that progressed to complete anterior lens luxation and secondary keratoconus. Three months after the... more
This report describes a long-horned cowfish, which was diagnosed with buphthalmia and lens sub-luxation in the right eye, conditions that progressed to complete anterior lens luxation and secondary keratoconus. Three months after the initial evaluation, a pigmented mass was observed protruding from the vitreous. An enucleation was performed under general anesthesia. Ocular histopathology revealed an iridociliary melanoma. Reports of intraocular melanomas are extremely rare in fish. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of an iridociliary melanoma that led to buphthalmia, lens luxation, and keratoconus in a fish. Histological findings of lens luxation are also demonstrated. Due to the presence of a complex suspensory apparatus involving the teleost lens, this report speculates that lens luxation is a more devastating disease process in teleosts than in mammals.
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Three domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) with cutaneous lymphoma are described. Two rabbits were young (7 weeks and 1 years) and were euthanized within 1 week of showing clinical signs. Lymphoma was found in the skin and internal... more
Three domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) with cutaneous lymphoma are described. Two rabbits were young (7 weeks and 1 years) and were euthanized within 1 week of showing clinical signs. Lymphoma was found in the skin and internal organs. The third rabbit was 9.5 ...
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A male Swainson's hawk (Buteo swainsoni) at a rehabilitation facility in Colorado was presented with severe crusting of the... more
A male Swainson's hawk (Buteo swainsoni) at a rehabilitation facility in Colorado was presented with severe crusting of the skin on the medial thighs and caudal ventral body. Male and female Knemidokoptes mites were found on a cellophane tape preparation of the affected area. The hawk's clinical signs resolved with treatment with ivermectin administered at 200 microg/kg, i.m., every 10 days for three treatments.
Research Interests: Zoology, Biology, Treatment Outcome, Medicine, Insecticides, and 8 moreFemale, Animals, Male, Veterinary Sciences, Mites, Ivermectin, Hawks, and Bird diseases
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To determine the long-term survival rate and factors that affect survival time of domestic ferrets treated surgically for hyperadrenocorticism. Retrospective case series. 130 ferrets with hyperadrenocorticism that were treated surgically.... more
To determine the long-term survival rate and factors that affect survival time of domestic ferrets treated surgically for hyperadrenocorticism. Retrospective case series. 130 ferrets with hyperadrenocorticism that were treated surgically. Medical records of ferrets surgically treated for hyperadrenocorticism were reviewed. Data recorded included signalment, duration of clinical signs prior to hospital admission, CBC values, serum biochemical analysis results, anesthetic time, surgical time, concurrent diseases, adrenal gland affected (right, left, or both [bilateral]), histopathologic diagnosis, surgical procedure, caudal vena caval involvement (yes or no), postoperative melena (yes or no), days in hospital after surgery, and whether clinical signs of hyperadrenocorticism developed after surgery. 130 ferrets were entered in the study (11 of 130 ferrets were admitted and underwent surgery twice). The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 98% and 88%, respectively. A 50% survival rate was never reached. Combined partial adrenal gland resection with cryosurgery had a significantly negative effect on survival time. No other risk factors were identified. Survival time was not significantly affected by either histopathologic diagnosis or specific affected adrenal gland (right, left, or bilateral). Ferrets with adrenal gland masses that were treated surgically had a good prognosis. Survival time of ferrets with hyperadrenocorticism undergoing surgery was not affected by the histologic characteristic of the tumor, the adrenal glands affected (right, left, or bilateral), or complete versus partial adrenal gland resection. Debulking was a sufficient surgical technique to allow a favorable long-term outcome when complete excision was not possible.
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Four new species of Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) are reported from North American raptors. Caryospora kansasensis sp.nov., in the feces of Swainson's hawk, Buteo swainsoni, has ovoid oocysts which measure 37.2 × 32.6... more
Four new species of Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) are reported from North American raptors. Caryospora kansasensis sp.nov., in the feces of Swainson's hawk, Buteo swainsoni, has ovoid oocysts which measure 37.2 × 32.6 (32.8–40.0 × 29.6–36.0) μm. Caryospora lindsayi sp.nov., from the red-tailed hawk, Buteo jamaicensis, has subspherical oocysts measuring 33.7 × 31.6 (31.2–36.0 × 30.4–32.8) μm. Eimeria megabubonis sp.nov. from the feces of the great horned owl, Bubo virginianus, has ovoid oocysts measuring 32.7 × 28.9 (28.8–36.0 × 27.2–32.0) μm. Eimeria varia sp.nov., from the barred owl, Strix varia, measures 33.1 × 30.5 (31.2 × 36.0 × 28.0–32.0) μm. In addition to the above new species, Caryospora arcayae Volcań and Medrano, 1984 is recorded for the first time from North America and is redescribed from a new host, the broad-winged hawk, Buteo platypterus. Oocysts of Caryospora uptoni and Eimeria bubonis, as well as sporocysts of Sarcocystis/Frenkelia spp., were also found. A...
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Complete health assessments were performed on 20 adult ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta), 10 males and 10 females, free ranging within the Tsimanampetsotsa Strict Nature Reserve in southwest Madagascar. Each animal was anesthetized using... more
Complete health assessments were performed on 20 adult ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta), 10 males and 10 females, free ranging within the Tsimanampetsotsa Strict Nature Reserve in southwest Madagascar. Each animal was anesthetized using tiletamine and zolazepam, weighed, and given a thorough physical examination. Blood was collected for hematology, determination of plasma total protein concentration, serum chemistry, determination of fat-soluble vitamin and trace mineral concentrations, assessment of iron metabolism, toxoplasmosis and viral serologies, and examination for parasites. Feces were collected for bacterial culture and parasite examination, and representative numbers of ectoparasites were collected. Blood values differed significantly in a number of ways from values in captive lemurs, possibly associated with recent food consumption, hydration, and diet. There was no evidence of serious infectious disease and no hemoparasites. The enteric flora appeared unremarkable, although results may have been skewed toward cold-tolerant bacteria. The fecal parasite burden was low, but there were large numbers of ectoparasites (mites) present. Our study demonstrated that a substantial amount of data can be collected from free-ranging populations, information that is invaluable in the management of captive populations, particularly with regard to disease, and in assessing risks associated with reintroduction programs.
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Evaluation of hemic cell morphology in stained blood film may be the most important part of the hematologic evaluation of exotic animals. The blood film provides important information regarding red blood cell abnormalities, such as... more
Evaluation of hemic cell morphology in stained blood film may be the most important part of the hematologic evaluation of exotic animals. The blood film provides important information regarding red blood cell abnormalities, such as changes in cell shape and color, presence of inclusions, and, in the case of lower vertebrates, changes in the position of the cell nucleus. Stained blood film also provides information about changes in leukocyte numbers and morphology, and shows important hemic features of mammalian platelets and the thrombocytes of lower vertebrates. The blood film is needed in the detection and identification of blood parasites.