Quinapril, sold under the brand name Accupril[2] by the Pfizer corporation. It a medication used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease.[1][3] It is a first line treatment for high blood pressure.[3] It is taken by mouth.[1][3]
Quinapril |
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Trade names | Accupril, others |
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Other names | Quinapril hydrochloride (USAN US) |
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AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
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MedlinePlus | a692026 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
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ATC code | |
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- US: ℞-only[1]
- In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
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Protein binding | 97% |
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Elimination half-life | 2 hours |
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(3S)-2-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino]propanoyl]-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid
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Formula | C25H30N2O5 |
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Molar mass | 438.524 g·mol−1 |
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3D model (JSmol) | |
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Melting point | 120 to 130 °C (248 to 266 °F) |
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O=C(OCC)[C@@H](N[C@H](C(=O)N2[C@H](C(=O)O)Cc1c(cccc1)C2)C)CCc3ccccc3
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InChI=1S/C25H30N2O5/c1-3-32-25(31)21(14-13-18-9-5-4-6-10-18)26-17(2)23(28)27-16-20-12-8-7-11-19(20)15-22(27)24(29)30/h4-12,17,21-22,26H,3,13-16H2,1-2H3,(H,29,30)/t17-,21-,22-/m0/s1 YKey:JSDRRTOADPPCHY-HSQYWUDLSA-N Y
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Common side effects include headaches, dizziness, feeling tired, and cough.[3] Serious side effects may include liver problems, low blood pressure, angioedema, kidney problems, and high blood potassium.[3] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended.[4] It is among a class of drugs called ACE inhibitors and works by decreasing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity.[3]
Quinapril was patented in 1980 and came into medical use in 1989.[5] It is available as a generic medication.[6] In 2020, it was the 253rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.[7][8]
Contraindications include:[9]
- Pregnancy
- Impaired renal and liver function
- Patients with a history of angioedema related to previous treatment with an ACE inhibitor
- Hypersensitivity to Quinapril
In April of 2022, Pfizer voluntarily recalled five batches of the drug because of the presence of a nitrosamine, NNitroso-quinapril. Testing found that the amount of nitrosamines was above the acceptable daily intake level (all humans are exposed to nitrosamines up to a certain daily level by cured and grilled meats, water, dairy products, and vegetables) set by the U.S.'s Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Though long-term ingestion of NNitroso-quinapril potentially might cause cancer in some individuals, there is not believed to be an imminent risk of harm.[10][11]