- Ancient History, Military History, Iconography, Heritage Conservation, Heritage Studies, Military Science, and 6 moreConflict Archaeology, Battlefield Archaeology, Didactics (History), 18th Century Military Archaeology, Geohistory, and Battlefields(Conflict Archaeology, Battlefield Archaeology, Didactics (History), 18th Century Military Archaeology, Geohistory, and Battlefields)edit
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La arqueologia del conflicto es una subdisciplina emergente de la Arqueologia, y que esta en relacion con los patrimonios generados o vinculados a guerras, situaciones de violencia o conflictos. La arqueologia del conflicto se ha centrado... more
La arqueologia del conflicto es una subdisciplina emergente de la Arqueologia, y que esta en relacion con los patrimonios generados o vinculados a guerras, situaciones de violencia o conflictos. La arqueologia del conflicto se ha centrado de manera especial en los conflictos contemporaneos. En Espana la arqueologia del conflicto ha intervenido al entorno de espacios y patrimonios de la Guerra Civil Espanola y la Dictadura Franquista, generando intervenciones museales y estudios con posibilidades de desarrollos didacticos que inciden en la ensenanza-aprendizaje de la historia y en la promocion de la cultura de la Paz.
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La historia, com a objecte de coneixement, presenta problemes en el moment d'impartir-ne la docencia. Les reformes educatives successives no han permes superar dinamiques d'aula sovint memoristiques, passives i poc significatives.... more
La historia, com a objecte de coneixement, presenta problemes en el moment d'impartir-ne la docencia. Les reformes educatives successives no han permes superar dinamiques d'aula sovint memoristiques, passives i poc significatives. Tanmateix, la historia es fonamental per assolir coneixement sobre la realitat i estimular pautes d'analisi i de treball amb base cientifica. Per aquest motiu, cal replantejar-ne els continguts i la didactica, tot remarcant-ne la funcionalitat quotidiana.
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Els últims anys han vist un fort increment en l'ús de tècniques procedents de les humanitats digitals dins de la investigació històrica. El resultat ha estat un augment exponencial en el volum d'evidència disponible, però no ha... more
Els últims anys han vist un fort increment en l'ús de tècniques procedents de les humanitats digitals dins de la investigació històrica. El resultat ha estat un augment exponencial en el volum d'evidència disponible, però no ha anat acompanyat d'un desenvolupament paral·lel dels mètodes d'anàlisi de la disciplina per integrar noves eines digitals. D'entre aquestes eines, destaquen els sistemes d'informació geogràfica, l'anàlisi quantitativa de textos o la visualització de dades, tècniques totes elles que permeten noves aproximacions a l'passat capaços d'analitzar grans volums de dades i identificar dinàmiques complexes, tasca difícil de realitzar amb els mètodes qualitatius tradicionals de la història.El marc en què es presenta aquest treball, basat en eines de les humanitats digitals, explora la intensa activitat corsària desplegada pels defensors de Barcelona durant la fase final de la Guerra de Successió Espanyola (1713-1714).
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Presentación al dossier Arqueología y conflicto
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The Battle of the Ebro (1938) faced people and machines for 115 days. New techniques and technologies were experimented with that would play a determining role in the impending world conflict. Aviation was used, for the first time, on a... more
The Battle of the Ebro (1938) faced people and machines for 115 days. New techniques and technologies were experimented with that would play a determining role in the impending world conflict. Aviation was used, for the first time, on a massive scale and its performance was decisive. However, its heritage and trace is scarce. In the environment of the air war in the Battle of the Ebro, this work presents a cross-sectional and holistic research experience that raises the didactic socialization of historical and archaeological knowledge based on museographic methodological proposals, didactic iconography and the recovery of historical memory. The objective of this combined action is to generate and socialize scientific knowledge about the past and its material legacy, influence the formation of a critical citizenry and promote sustainable economic development based on the action of cultural industries related to heritage.
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The main objective of this chapter is to raise awareness of the pedagogic potential of history of the Spanish Civil War, and its heritage, to develop a citizen education programme to foster critical citizenship. Today, more than ever, our... more
The main objective of this chapter is to raise awareness of the pedagogic potential of history of the Spanish Civil War, and its heritage, to develop a citizen education programme to foster critical citizenship. Today, more than ever, our complex and interrelated world is making us learn and live together. Not just because of solidarity, humanitarianism, or to practice the values of pluralism, as described in the civic education educational curricula, but because we must learn to live within the complexity of our world. We will talk about heritage, since each era generates objects, artifacts, and documents of all kinds, and wars are no exception. Thus, we propose pedagogic activities grounded on the use of heritage materials, which will be contributing to the work for a critical citizenry.
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... Xavier Hernàndez Cardona © Xavier Rubio Campillo Director de Colección: José Luis Ibáñez Editores: Graciela de Oyarzábal José Luis Torres Vitolas ... A menudo, el equipo del guerrero también incluía grebas (espinilleras) para proteger... more
... Xavier Hernàndez Cardona © Xavier Rubio Campillo Director de Colección: José Luis Ibáñez Editores: Graciela de Oyarzábal José Luis Torres Vitolas ... A menudo, el equipo del guerrero también incluía grebas (espinilleras) para proteger las piernas, muñequeras, plaquetas de ...
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... Cambiar idioma Idioma Català. Cambiar. Geografía e historia: investigación, innovación y buenas prácticas. Información General. Autores: Joaquim Prats Cuevas ( coord. ...
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La museïtzació de la guerra és un tema polèmic, i més quan es tracta de conflictes recents. Es reflexiona sobre el perquè s’ha de plantejar l’estudi de la guerra des d’un punt de vista científic. A més, es posa especial èmfasi en com els... more
La museïtzació de la guerra és un tema polèmic, i més quan es tracta de conflictes recents. Es reflexiona sobre el perquè s’ha de plantejar l’estudi de la guerra des d’un punt de vista científic. A més, es posa especial èmfasi en com els europeus han afrontat la seva dramàtica història bèl·lica recent i el patrimoni per ella generat; s’enumeren i descriuen els diferents tipus de museus i instal·lacions patrimonials i els seus trets didàctics. La realitat europea contrasta amb el dèficit d’iniciatives patrimonials i museals respecte a la història i el patrimoni de la Guerra Civil espanyola.The musealization regarding with war is always a polemic issue, especially when it is about conflict which are relatively recent. It is reflected about why war from a scientific point of view has to be studied. Moreover, it is emphasized how Europeans have faced up to its dramatic warfare history and its related heritage: different kinds of museums and heritage complex and their teaching and learni...
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La història és una disciplina científica que opera en base a evidències del passat. Tot allò que s'ha produït en un altre temps (objectes, construccions, paisatges, conductes, costums) és susceptible de ser analitzat i interpretat de... more
La història és una disciplina científica que opera en base a evidències del passat. Tot allò que s'ha produït en un altre temps (objectes, construccions, paisatges, conductes, costums) és susceptible de ser analitzat i interpretat de manera crítica per l'historiador. Qualsevol tipus de text confegit en un altre temps o a partir d'informacions d'un temps anterior, també esdevé, per definició, una evidència històrica, ja sigui una recepta de farmàcia, una novel·la, un informe tècnic o un llibre d'història. En aquest sentit, gairebé tots els textos són d'història. L'historiador no analitza el text de la mateixa manera que ho poden fer des d'altres disciplines; un text té interès en tant que subministra informació, i el mètode de treball de l'historiador és el que permet assolir-la. Els alumnes de primària i secundària s'han de formar en continguts factuals, conceptuals i en mètode. L'anàlisi d'un document amb la metodologia d l'histor...
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The Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations in the 2030 agenda point out the need to safeguard cultural heritage and the importance of convergence towards quality education. Through different museum projects (between 2010... more
The Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations in the 2030 agenda point out the need to safeguard cultural heritage and the importance of convergence towards quality education. Through different museum projects (between 2010 and 2021), the DIDPATRI research group of the University of Barcelona has developed heritage museum models following sustainability parameters. The lines of work have been based on the use of previous museum cultures (integrating existing models) to respond to the needs of the present. The working hypotheses have raised the need to build a new social museography around the historical heritage, which can respond to the social demands of citizen education and sustainability. Museography should be oriented to formal and non-formal teaching-learning environments. Social museography must be based on the understanding of historical heritage in broad sectors of the public as well as on the participation of social agents, civil society, and the scientific c...
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El major Robert H. Merriman, va desapareixer, els primers dies d’abril del 1938 en les rodalies de Corbera d’Ebre. La XV Brigada Internacional havia quedat encerclada per l’enemic, i grups de soldats intentaven arribar a les linies... more
El major Robert H. Merriman, va desapareixer, els primers dies d’abril del 1938 en les rodalies de Corbera d’Ebre. La XV Brigada Internacional havia quedat encerclada per l’enemic, i grups de soldats intentaven arribar a les linies republicanes. En aquesta retirada potser va caure abatut en combat com tambe i ha la possibilitat que fos capturat i executat per les forces feixistes. Les especulacions sobre la mort de Merriman, i el lloc on van anar a raure les seves restes, han estat motiu de debat continuat. Fonts orals de Corbera d’Ebre manifestaven que oficials internacionals havien estat tancats en cases del Poble Vell abans de ser executats. Una de les fonts indicava l’emplacament d’una fossa aillada on havia estat enterrat un comandament que podia haver estat en Robert H. Meriman. Per tal de verificar la informacio un grup d’estudiosos, arqueolegs i antropolegs va procedir a excavar el lloc la primavera del 2017, tanmateix no es van trobar indicis de cap enterrament.
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Sovint la batalla de l’Ebre s’ha presentat com la darrera batalla de la Primera Guerra Mundial i, a la vegada, com la primera batalla de la Segona Guerra Mundial, hom a considerat que quelcom va evolucionar entre l’inici i el final de la... more
Sovint la batalla de l’Ebre s’ha presentat com la darrera batalla de la Primera Guerra Mundial i, a la vegada, com la primera batalla de la Segona Guerra Mundial, hom a considerat que quelcom va evolucionar entre l’inici i el final de la batalla. Sense dubte en la confrontació de l’Ebre es van experimentar les més diverses variables: tècniques, tecnològiques, organitzatives, culturals... per tal d’assolir condicions de victòria. L’article analitza, des d’una òptica evolutiva, com en la dinàmica generada en el mateix camp de batalla, i en un context de complexitat, determinades opcions es van seleccionar i es van imposar a altres possibles. La batalla esdevingué el gran assaig del què seria la nova i gran confrontació europea, un conflicte en el qual armes com l’aviació i els blindats assolirien un nou protagonisme tot generant noves línies de cultura militar.Often the battle of the Ebro has been presented as the last battle of World War I and at the same time as the first battle of ...
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La tardor del 2011 investigadors del CSIC i del grup de recerca DIDPATRI de la Universitat de Barcelona, van estar excavant a la zona de Raimats, un dels escenaris dels darrers combats de la batalla de l’Ebre. En els treballs es van... more
La tardor del 2011 investigadors del CSIC i del grup de recerca DIDPATRI de la Universitat de Barcelona, van estar excavant a la zona de Raimats, un dels escenaris dels darrers combats de la batalla de l’Ebre. En els treballs es van localitzar les restes esqueletiques d’un soldat que havien quedat colgades just en el lloc on havia mort. En coneixer la troballa el Departament de Governacio i Relacions Institucionals invocant la Llei de Fosses es va emparar de les restes del soldat i de resultes es va generar una important polemica sobre el paper de l’administracio en les politiques de memoria.
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Título: Cartografía y concepto del espacio Autores: Hernàndez, Francesc Xavier; Cardona, Gemma Revista: Íber : Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales, Geografía e Historia, 2011 ENE-MAR; XVII (67) Página(s): 65-72 ISSN: 11339810 Resumen: La... more
Título: Cartografía y concepto del espacio Autores: Hernàndez, Francesc Xavier; Cardona, Gemma Revista: Íber : Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales, Geografía e Historia, 2011 ENE-MAR; XVII (67) Página(s): 65-72 ISSN: 11339810 Resumen: La geografía es, por definición, ...
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The audiovisual narrative is a widely used resource in the presentation of diverse historical content. Historical recreation, thanks to its ability to generate images of the past, when combined with the use of emerging digital... more
The audiovisual narrative is a widely used resource in the presentation of diverse historical content. Historical recreation, thanks to its ability to generate images of the past, when combined with the use of emerging digital technologies (CGI, computer-generated imagery), allows optimization of audiovisual narratives that present images and contexts of the past and its heritage. From a perspective of promoting historical thought, high school and higher education students can take part in initiatives of historical recreation (in the key to service learning). This process allows its incorporation into the production of educational history products, which can be reapplied in formal and non-formal teaching–learning spaces. The experience developed by the DIDPATRI group (Heritage Didactics) of the University of Barcelona (2017–2021), based on projects set in the health problems of the Spanish Civil War, has generated guidelines for the development of a digital audiovisual narrative of ...
Una batalla, entesa com un enfrontament bèl·lic important entre dos exèrcits enemics, és un fet extremament complex. Significa la concentració, en unes coordenades espaciotemporals molt reduïdes, d’un nombre de persones i elements tècnics... more
Una batalla, entesa com un enfrontament bèl·lic important entre dos exèrcits enemics, és un fet extremament complex. Significa la concentració, en unes coordenades espaciotemporals molt reduïdes, d’un nombre de persones i elements tècnics molt elevat, tot interactuant en unes condicions d’extrema violència. Malgrat la importància i dificultat d’estudiar aquests esdeveniments del passat, els estudis fets a Catalunya en els quals s’han integrat investigacions arqueològiques amb recerca pel que fa a fonts textuals són certament escassos. En aquest sentit, es presenta una nova metodologia de recerca arqueològica, feta servir durant l’anàlisi multidisciplinària que el grup de recerca DIDPATRI ha dut a terme a Talamanca, on es lluità en un enfrontament bèl·lic de dimensions importants el 13 d’agost de 1714. Fou l’última gran batalla campal de la Guerra de Successió, en la qual l’exèrcit exterior català amb base a Cardona, i comandat pel marquès de Poal, va derrotar un important contingent...
Abstract In terms of approaches to warfare, the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) has traditionally been seen as a transition between the First and Second World Wars. The idea is based on several reports written by designated observers from... more
Abstract In terms of approaches to warfare, the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) has traditionally been seen as a transition between the First and Second World Wars. The idea is based on several reports written by designated observers from Germany, Italy and the Soviet Union. Certainly, some of the tactics and equipment of these armies made their first appearance during this conflict. However, this view raises several questions, as the experience and tactics observed in the Spanish battlefields often do not match those seen during the first phases of the Second World War. Were the innovations adopted by all sides and units? How did the new tactics influence the outcome of the conflict? Which tactics were tested and discarded for better ones? It is difficult to address these questions using only textual sources, given the particularities of this war. To improve our understanding of the evolution of warfare, we need to combine textual sources with archaeological data and spatial analysis, and integrate the knowledge. This study examines the assault on Republican positions at Fatarella Ridge during the last phase of the Battle of the Ebro (1938). In particular, the work explores, using spatial analysis of archaeological and textual sources, the level at which combined arms warfare was applied during the final months of the war. The use of an integrated methodology has allowed us to reconstruct the engagement and provides interesting insights into the evolution of tactics and fortification during this conflict.
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The importance of terrain in warfare has often encouraged an intense relation between military conflicts and the use of techniques designed to understand space. This is especially relevant since the modern era, where the engineers who... more
The importance of terrain in warfare has often encouraged an intense relation between military conflicts and the use of techniques designed to understand space. This is especially relevant since the modern era, where the engineers who built and assaulted city defenses recorded the events with diverse documentation, including reports, diagrams, and maps. A large number of these sources contain spatial and temporal information, but it is difficult to integrate them into a common research framework due to its heterogeneity. In this context, geographical information science provides the necessary tools to explore an interdisciplinary analysis of these military actions. This article proposes a new approach to the study of sieges using a spatiotemporal formal model capable of integrating cartography, archaeological, and textual primary sources and terrain information. Its main aim is to show how concrete research questions and hypotheses can be explored using a formal model of this type o...
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Research Interests: Archaeology, Geochemistry, Computer Science, High Performance Computing, Historical Archaeology, and 14 moreSpatial Analysis, Methodology, Archaeological Science, Agent Based Simulation, Archaeological GIS, Conflict Archaeology, Battlefield Archaeology, Material Culture, War of the Spanish Succession, Agent Based Modelling, Agent Based Model, Indexation, High performance computer, and GIS
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The study of material culture generated by military engagements has created an emergent sub-discipline of archaeological studies centred on battlefields. This approach has developed a particular and sophisticated methodology that is able... more
The study of material culture generated by military engagements has created an emergent sub-discipline of archaeological studies centred on battlefields. This approach has developed a particular and sophisticated methodology that is able to deal with the fact that archaeologists will often not find either structures or a useful stratigraphical record on the site, as the material remains of the battle
Research Interests: Archaeology, Geochemistry, Computer Science, High Performance Computing, Historical Archaeology, and 14 moreSpatial Analysis, Methodology, Archaeological Science, Agent Based Simulation, Archaeological GIS, Conflict Archaeology, Battlefield Archaeology, Material Culture, War of the Spanish Succession, Agent Based Modelling, Agent Based Model, Indexation, High performance computer, and GIS
This paper provides a new way of analysing the concept of change within the field of military history. The proposal is based on the use of complex adaptive systems and evolutionary theory. We introduce the concepts of selection,... more
This paper provides a new way of analysing the concept of change within the field of military history. The proposal is based on the use of complex adaptive systems and evolutionary theory. We introduce the concepts of selection, adaptation and coevolution to explain how war is managed in different societies, and game theory to explore decision-making processes of commanders. We emphasize the value of integrating formal modeling and computational simulations in order to apply the approach to real case studies. Our conclusions outline the advantages of an evolutionary military history in the difficult task of understanding the causes of transformation in past battlefields and armies.
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The Trinitat Fort, built in the mid-16th century, is an extraordinary example of European military architecture from the mid-16th century, conceived as an artillery machine, whose mission was to protect the natural port of Roses (Girona,... more
The Trinitat Fort, built in the mid-16th century, is an extraordinary example of European military architecture from the mid-16th century, conceived as an artillery machine, whose mission was to protect the natural port of Roses (Girona, Spain). The fortification had a long history of warfare that ended with the Peninsular War (1808–1814), which turned it into ruins. In 2002, the Roses city council planned an ambitious architectural intervention to recover the fortification. The works restored the overall exterior volumetry, with current construction materials. The large interior spaces resulting from the intervention had little in common with the original structures. Starting in 2016, the museum projected to open the fort to the public. The strategy focused on 3D works, which were used to plan museographic proposals and to make an interior space understandable, with an aspect very distant from that of the original construction. It entailed extensive fieldwork analyzing the sources ...
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Resumen: La iconografia historica nos suministra imagenes mas o menos hipoteticas del pasado que contribuyen a su interpretacion, conocimiento y comprension. El progreso del software para el diseno y produccion de imagenes bidimensionales... more
Resumen: La iconografia historica nos suministra imagenes mas o menos hipoteticas del pasado que contribuyen a su interpretacion, conocimiento y comprension. El progreso del software para el diseno y produccion de imagenes bidimensionales o tridimensionales ha optimizado las posibilidades de generar iconografia didactica sobre espacios y hechos del pasado. Por otra parte, la promocion de actividades de recreacion historica facilita la obtencion de imagenes fotograficas y cineticas de caracter historico, con proyeccion didactica, y que pueden integrarse en el software de tratamiento de imagenes. El presente trabajo describe la experiencia del grupo DIDPATRI en el diseno de investigaciones interdisciplinares y de la socializacion del conocimiento obtenido a partir de iconografia didactica, al entorno de la Guerra Civil espanola. Palabras clave: Iconografia didactica; Recreacion historica; Ilustracion tridimensional; Matte painting ; Guerra Civil espanola. Abstract: Historical icon...
The importance of terrain in warfare has often encouraged an intense relation between military conflicts and the use of techniques designed to understand space. This is especially relevant since the modern era, where the engineers who... more
The importance of terrain in warfare has often encouraged an intense relation between military conflicts and the use of techniques designed to understand space. This is especially relevant since the modern era, where the engineers who built and assaulted city defenses recorded the events with diverse documentation, including reports, diagrams, and maps. A large number of these sources contain spatial and temporal information, but it is difficult to integrate them into a common research framework due to its heterogeneity. In this context, geographical information science provides the necessary tools to explore an interdisciplinary analysis of these military actions. This article proposes a new approach to the study of sieges using a spatiotemporal formal model capable of integrating cartography, archaeological, and textual primary sources and terrain information. Its main aim is to show how concrete research questions and hypotheses can be explored using a formal model of this type o...
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Resumen: Esta monografía contiene una muestra representativa de cómo el patrimonio se convierte en una eficaz estrategia didáctica, tanto a la hora de visualizar la guerra y la paz como la arqueología, el arte, la ciudad o la propia... more
Resumen: Esta monografía contiene una muestra representativa de cómo el patrimonio se convierte en una eficaz estrategia didáctica, tanto a la hora de visualizar la guerra y la paz como la arqueología, el arte, la ciudad o la propia escuela.
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