Transport Layer

We report the fabrication of polymer light emitting diodes from a cyano-substituted thienylene phenylene vinylene copolymer. Photoluminescence and electroluminescence studies of these devices show a broad emission spectrum which peaks in the near infra-red and extends out to a wavelength of 1000nm. Bilayer structures using poly(p-phenylene vinylene) as a hole transport layer and the cyano-copolymer as the emissive layer showed improved electroluminescence internal quantum efficiency of up to 0.2%..

In many packet-based communication systems such as TCP/IP-based systems, packets are communicated over a noisy physical layer (a channel), and if a packet cannot be decoded correctly, then the transport layer retransmits it. Of course, retransmissions consume significant resources and their use should be limited. However, decreasing the likelihood of retransmission requires to encode the packets with strong channel codes in the physical layer, which also requires additional channel resources. In this paper, we study the cross-layer tradeoff between coding and packet retransmissions, and optimize over the total channel resource consumption. We show that as the packet length k increases, the redundancy r beyond the k/C channel uses implied by Shannon's channel capacity C is Theta(radickln(k)) extra channel uses. Moreover, as k increases we must use stronger channel codes. We then apply these results to universal coding over a piecewise memoryless channel with transitions between unknown i.i.d. statistics. Our constructive universal algorithm has redundancy r=O(k2/3radicln(k)) using packets of polynomially increasing lengths while accounting for possible packet drops caused by transitions in the statistics.

We report highly efficient red phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with a triplet p-i-n single quantum well (QW) structure. This p-i-n single QW structure is realized using p-doped and n-doped wide band-gap hole and electron injection and transporting layers with narrow band-gap host and dopant materials. The maximum current and power efficiencies of 11.1 cd/A and 14.4 lm/W, respectively, are demonstrated by a good carrier confinement effect of QW. Very low driving voltage characteristics of 3.7 ∼ 3.9 V at 1000 cd/m2 are realized by almost no injection barrier with high conductivity configuration in our p-i-n structure.

... [9] Aruna Balasubramanian, Ratul Mahajan, and Arun Venkataramani. Augmenting mobile 3g using wifi. In Proc. Mobisys. ACM, 2010. [10] Ahmad Rahmati and Lin Zhong. Context-for-wireless: context-sensitive energy-efficient wireless data transfer. In Proc. Mobisys. ...

Computer networking has become the core centre of computing across many platforms of devices; mobile phones, game consoles, tablets and computers in general. The need to communicate using audio and video has been widely used and is growing. This is often referred to as multimedia networking.
For communication to be complete, multimedia applications or any applications require the services that are provided by the transport layer. The transport layer cannot be by passed. This layer is an interface between the Application layer and the Network layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack. The transport layer has protocols that play a huge role in offering the necessary services for process to process delivery to be successful. The protocols are responsible for the delivery of packets from the source to destination application.

Lapisan transport (transport layer) bertanggung jawab dalam membuat sesi komunikasi sementara antara 2 aplikasi dan saling bertukar data. Lapisan transport menjadi penghubung antara application layer dan layer lain yang berada di bawahnya, bertanggung jawab dalam transmisi jaringan.

Wireless and satellite networks often have non-negligible packet corruption rates that can significantly degrade TCP performance. This is due to TCP's assumption that every packet loss is an indication of network congestion (causing TCP to reduce the transmission rate). This problem has re- ceived much attention in the literature. In this paper, we take a broad look at the problem

We propose a novel end-to-end architecture for streaming H.264/AVC (advanced video coding) unicast video over the Internet. The proposed video streaming architecture is based primarily on a new transport layer protocol, the stream control transmission protocol (SCTP). We show that the network-friendly specification of H.264/AVC and the novel technical characteristics of SCTP, when coupled together are able to provide a highly adaptive and flexible system for unicast video streaming. With simulation results we prove (1) that our system is capable of maintaining good perceptual quality under various loss conditions and (2) that the proposed system maintains TCP-friendliness.

Internet of Things (IoT) can be found everywhere in our life. They find application at homes for control and reporting in emergency clinics and for adjustment reporting in various conditions, counteracting fires and in various other applications. These applications are advantageous in various applications which can be either misfortune of security issues. For securing the various gadgets involved a number of research work has been carried out in various counteractivity measures, thus those issues are identified and then located in order to develop a method for disposing off these problems. For protecting the security of the consumer, the consequences are made to limit. The paper has four sections. First part will present the order of assaults of IoT and following sections tries to concentrate on the design and components for the purpose of verification and also to control. In the last section, various layers are discussed in detail

International conference on AI, Machine Learning in Communications and Networks (AIMLNET 2021) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning impacts on Communications and Networks. The Conference looks for significant contributions to all major fields of the Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and networks in theoretical and practical aspects. The aim of the Conference is to provide a platform to the researchers and
practitioners from both academia as well as industry to meet and share cutting-edge development in the field.

A bottom contact/top gate ambipolar “p-i-n” layered light emitting field effect transistor with the active medium inserted between two doped transport layers, is reported. The doping profile results crucial to the capability of emitting light, as well as to the electrical characteristics of the device. In this sense, high output current at relative low applied gate/drain voltage and light emission along the whole large area transistor channel are observed, putting the basis to full integration of organic light emitting field effect transistors in planar complex devices.

We present a detailed analysis and computations of the emitted radiation spectrum for quantum dots (QDs) microcavity light-emitting device, where the total physical thickness of the cavity spacer was kept at 254 nm which corresponds to the wavelength of the mode number (m) = 1 resonant mode of the cavity. Our calculation gives good results for QD diameter only from 1.2 to 6.4 nm. The computations are used to examine how the emitted radiation spectrum can be optimized by varying the position of the light-emitting layer, the type of cathode material, the choice of hole transport layer material, and the thickness of electron transport layer, QD layer, and hole transport layer. These studies showed that the variation of layers geometry and the position of the light-emitting layer will optimize the output intensity and the radiation spectrum and varying the ETL and QD layer thickness will have a more effect on the emitted spectrum than varying HTL thickness. In addition, we have examined the effect of using different quantum dots sizes in emission layer. On the other hand, we have investigated the difference between the electroluminescence (EL) emissions for microcavity device in comparison with the non-cavity device, and we have found that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the EL is reduced from 45 nm for the QD non-cavity LED to 30 nm for the output of a resonant microcavity device. Finally, we have investigated the compatibility between our calculation and the experimental results and found a fairly good agreement between them.