Economy

As the education is the public goods and it has positive externalities for society, most of the governments thought to how much spending of their budgets to invest in education. Diverging from them, Singapore authorities designed as education industry regarding to the Singapore ambition – become a global education hub. Singapore tried to integrate the education sector with the progressive service industry. The main purposes of this study were to evaluate on how Singapore Private Education Sector contributes the nation’s GDP and its growth trend. Although its GDP contribution in 2009 was 2.9%, it was seemed to fall down after that. It was also found that it is not an isolated sector in the market economy, it has relationships with other sector such as financial, tourism and health-care services. Not surprisingly, the government intervention caused the free market loosed momentum of economic growth but that intervention could prevent the Singapore branding. This landscape of Singapore’s Private Education is the empirical reference for Myanma emerging private education sector.

Tarihin her döneminde ve insanoğlunun yaşadığı her yerde, bir taraftan ihtiyaç duyulan mal ve hizmetler üretilmekte, diğer taraftan da üretilen bu mal ve hizmetler tüketilmektedir. İktisadi faaliyet olarak tanımlanan bu eylem, insanoğlunun yaradılışından itibaren var olagelmiştir ve hayat devam ettiği müddetçe var olmaya devam edecektir. Bu şekilde fevkalade basite indirgenmiş olarak tanımlanan iktisadi faaliyet, aslında son derece karmaşık süreçler içermektedir. Etrafımıza şöyle bir baktığımızda, söz konusu faaliyetin içerdiği karmaşık süreçlere ilişkin birtakım ipuçları elde edebiliriz. Bilindiği gibi, on binlerce firma yüz binlerce mal ve hizmet üretmektedir. Üretilen mal ve hizmetlerin bir bölümü kısa ve uzun dönemde, bizzat üreticileri tarafından, bir bölümü de toplumun diğer üyeleri tarafından mahalli tüketilmektedir. Mal ve hizmetlerin geriye kalan bölümü ise, başka yerlerde bulunan ekonomik aktörler kullanmaktadır. Tüketim faaliyeti, söz konusu mal ve hizmetlerin yeniden üretilmesine sebep olmaktadır. Bir başka ifade ile üretim-tüketim kısır döngüsü başlamaktadır. Bu nedenledir ki, iktisadi faaliyet olgusu üretim ve tüketim faaliyetlerinin bütünü olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu faaliyet gerçekleştirilirken cevabı aranan temel soru şudur: üretim ve tüketim en üst seviyeye nasıl çıkarılacak? Nitekim daha çok mal ve hizmet tüketmek bireyin maddi refah seviyesinin yükselmesi anlamına geldiği için, üretilen mal ve hizmet miktarının arttırılması önem kazanmaktadır. Üretim ve tüketim faaliyetlerini inceleyen ve kısaca kıtlık bilimi olarak tanımlanan iktisat, gerek üreticilerin gerekse tüketicilerin mevcut şartlar altında çıkarlarını (üretici için kar, tüketici için fayda) maksimum seviyeye nasıl çıkaracaklarını araştırmakta ve bu amaca yönelik olarak ilkeler/yasalar ortaya koymaktadır. İktisat bilimi, esas itibariyle iki ana damar ihtiva etmektedir: mikroekonomik analiz ve makroekonomik analiz.

This is a practical book, but it is not a “how-to” book. Instead, it deals with the what, when, and why; with such tangibles as policies and decisions; opportunities and risks; structures and strategies; staffing, compensation, and rewards. Innovation and entrepreneurship are discussed under three main headings: The Practice of Innovation; The Practice of Entrepreneurship; and Entrepreneurial Strategies. Each of these is an
“aspect” of innovation and entrepreneurship rather than a stage.

Some of Law and Economics’ basic claims have come to be criticized as a result of empirical findings that question their viability. Particularly, the premise that agents consistently act rationally and with their self-interest in mind seems problematic. What the consequences of the criticism mean for Law and Economics’ tenability depends largely on the questions whether (1) some elements are unassailable to the alternative’s objections and (2) the alternative is a systematic whole. It is argued that Law and Economics may be salvaged, if it is minimized and its ambitions are tempered. This means focusing on the stable, a priori, elements inherent to it.

Partindo da literatura marxista clássica e contemporânea, o texto visa analisar a reconfiguração monopolista-financeira do capital, tendo como objeto a análise do capitalismo a partir da ótica financeira, expondo os seus mecanismos parasitários, como a implementação de uma especulação financeira em determinados setores econômicos. Nesse sentido, o grande mote impulsionador desse trabalho foi a crise global de 2008 como parte de um contexto geral e dialético de descontrole inevitável. Dessa forma, a partir dessas reflexões é possível compreender o caráter estacionário das economias capitalistas modernas que adotam a financeirização como norte econômico.

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In this article, the problem of economic cyclicality is explored, the attention to which is becoming dominant among scholars in connection with the events of the world crisis of 2008-2009. The authors try to find an explanation of the reasons for this crisis in the nature of the post-industrial model of economic development recognizing it as the first crisis of post-industrialism. It is the domination of the service sector, which is a decisive feature of the post-industrial economy, provides a dynamic of economic growth and, at the same time, raises a number of new contradictions. The financial sector of the service sector forms a virtual and speculative economy and becomes an accumulator of the factors of the economic crisis, and globalization gives them a world scale.

Phan Thi Chanh Ly, Huynh Duc Nguyen (2021), Perfecting the mechanism to ensure the linkage of eastern costal sub-region of the Mekong delta (the case of the provinces of Tien Giang, Vinh Long, Ben Tre, Tra Vinh), in ECONOMY. SOCIOLOGY. LAW: Proceedings of the V International Scientific-Practical Conference (November 17, 2021, Astrakhan (Russia). Editor-in-chief Zaraisky A.A. Publishing House "Academy of Business" (Saratov, Russia), 2021, Pp. 46-54. ISBN 978-5-907385-54-2.

El objetivo de este capítulo es demostrar que la economía colaborativa (en adelante EC) puede ser una buena herramienta de apoyo mutuo en entornos de vulnerabilidad social, desarraigo y/o situaciones de dificultad. Sin embargo, no parece ser este el enfoque más común cuando se habla de EC. En este sentido y pariendo de una crítica a las definiciones y enfoques comúnmente aceptados de la EC, se intentará establecer un nuevo marco conceptual que sitúe la EC dentro del marco de la economía social, de la economía de los cuidados y las redes de apoyo mutuo, apostando así por un tipo de investigación transformadora y participativa que permita mejorar la sociedad y la situación de los individuos (Mick, Pettigrew, Pechmann y Ozanne, 2011). La economía colaborativa (y los bancos de tiempo, y las redes de trueque) puede ser una muy buena manifestación de esta relación de apoyo y solidaridad en el contexto de los colectivos a los que nos referimos este capítulo. Las redes de apoyo son formas de relación y sistema de transferencia, y su valor se puede considerar desde su papel en el intercambio de relaciones, pero también de servicios y productos, a partir del cual se puede derivar seguridad primaria (satisfacción de las necesidades básicas), amparo y oportunidad para crecer como persona (Méndez y Cruz, 2008). Mediante estos intercambios, las redes de apoyo contribuyen a la calidad de vida de la población, no solo porque proveen apoyos materiales e instrumentales que mejoran las condiciones de vida, sino también por el impacto significativo en el ámbito emocional. Este capítulo se estructura en cuatro partes. En primer lugar, se hace referencia al concepto de vulnerabilidad, con especial atención a las diferentes perspectivas de las ciencias sociales y, más en concreto, a la económica. La existencia de consumidores vulnerables es básica para explicar nuestra principal tesis: que la EC cobra su sentido más profundo cuando se formaliza en situaciones de fragilidad económica que necesitan de la red, la cooperación y la colaboración entre pares para poder sobrevivir y convivir en este entorno. Una segunda parte, analiza el concepto de EC desde una perspectiva crítica, tratando de comprobar si en las definiciones y conceptualizaciones que se han dado por los diferentes autores se contempla esta perspectiva social o, por el contrario, se identifica la EC con segmentos de consumidores pudientes. Una tercera parte, hace referencia a los diferentes tipos de redes de apoyo, con la idea de colocarlas como el escenario natural de la EC, que la dota de sentido último. La cuarta parte trata de unir todas estas reflexiones, a modo de conclusión.

The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate that the collaborative economy (henceforth CE) can be a good tool for mutual support in environments of social vulnerability, uprooting and/or situations of difficulty. However, this does not seem to be the most common approach when talking about CE. In this sense, and based on a critique of the commonly accepted definitions and approaches to CE, an attempt will be made to establish a new conceptual framework that situates CE within the framework of the social economy, the care economy and mutual support networks, thus committing to a type of transformative and participatory research that allows for the improvement of society and the situation of individuals (Mick, Pettigrew, Pechmann and Ozanne, 2011). The collaborative economy (and time banks, and barter networks) can be a very good manifestation of this relationship of support and solidarity in the context of the collectives to which we refer in this chapter. Support networks are forms of relationship and transfer system, and their value can be considered from their role in the exchange of relationships, but also of services and products, from which primary security (satisfaction of basic needs), protection and opportunity to grow as a person can be derived (Méndez and Cruz, 2008). Through these exchanges, support networks contribute to the population's quality of life, not only because they provide material and instrumental support that improves living conditions, but also because of their significant impact on the emotional sphere. This chapter is structured in four parts. First, reference is made to the concept of vulnerability, with special attention to the different perspectives of the social sciences and, more specifically, the economic sciences. The existence of vulnerable consumers is basic to explaining our main thesis: that CE takes on its deepest meaning when it is formalized in situations of economic fragility that require networking, cooperation and collaboration among peers in order to survive and live together in this environment. A second part analyzes the concept of CD from a critical perspective, trying to check whether the definitions and conceptualizations given by the different authors consider this social perspective or, on the contrary, identify CD with segments of wealthy consumers. A third part refers to the different types of support networks, with the idea of placing them as the natural setting for CD, which gives it ultimate meaning. The fourth part attempts to bring all these reflections together, by way of conclusion.

Les fouilles archeologiques menees en Norvege arctique au cours des quarante dernieres annees ont fourni une excellente base a la comprehension de l'interaction des hommes avec l' environnement pendant plusieurs milliers d'annees, ainsi qu'un apercu important des relations inter-culturelles complexes entre les populations norvegiennes et Sami. Les recherches dirigees par le Pr. Reidar Bertelsen, de l'Universite de Tromso, de 1975 a nos jours, ont permis de documenter l'evolution d'un centre proto-urbain date d'environ 1200 apres J.-C., le site de Vagan, pres du centre de peche industrielle moderne des iles Lofoten. Le centre a evolue en un carrefour important dans le commerce grandissant de la morue au Moyen Age, canalisant les ressources vers le sud de Bergen et vers le reseau commercial hanseatique. Ce site est capital pour comprendre la transformation d'une societe septentrionale maritime autonome en une zone peripherique du coeur de l'Euro...

The focus of this study was to estimate the economic impact of Romblon State University on the economy of the province of Romblon in terms of the university's direct spending activity. The researchers realized that determining the economic impact of the University would be beneficial to the university itself, to the community where the university is located, to the funding institutions, to the students and other researchers. The general objective of the study was to determine the economic impact of Romblon State University in the province of Romblon. To answer the main objective the following specific objectives were established: identify the source of fund of Romblon State University, determine the direct expenses as to operational expenditure and; capital expenditures; define the spending multiplier that will use to calculate in estimating the impact. The research approached used in this study was quantitative and descriptive. The study used secondary data in conducting the re...

The development of financial systems is shaped by the high level of the global economy situation changeability indirectly influenced by interventionist economic policies as well as financial crisis and state of finances of a given country. The attempts undertaken by particular governments to activate economic growth indirectly contributed to the growth of investment and credit risk as well as to creating speculation bubbles in the capital markets stocks. The latest global financial crisis from 2008 was an effect of increasing discrepancy, mismatch between that fast growth of financial instruments including credit financial instruments and the matter of improvement of credit risk management process connected with concluding transactions based on those instruments. In this dissertation, there is a growth of the significance of the credit risk management improvement presented in the context of appearing temporarily financial crisis and thus undertaken interventionist anti-cyclic economic policy.

In article consecrated the principles are intact and advantages the organization and development of the production of cooperation and integration of enterprises agriculture and industry.Proposed organizational and economic model of industrial cooperation.

"Le port de Shanghai et le commerce: l'exemple de 1901 et 1907", From Underground to End - Users, Global Monetary History in Scientific Context, Meeting at the University of the Pacific, San Francisco, Stockton, 16 - 22 May 2016, G. Depeyrot & D. O. Flynn, ed., Collection Moneta, 194, Wetteren, 2016 (coll. A. Tricoche et J. Cavero), p. 61-78.

Une etude de droit compare montre qu�aucune des deux tendances dominantes dans la philosophie penale americaine n�a reussi a penetrer dans la culture juridique continentale, essentiellement pour des raisons philosophiques et constitutionnelles. L�utilitarisme penal et son avatar le mouvement « Droit et economie », qui utilisent le raisonnement economique en droit, impregnent la philosophie penale anglo-americaine mais sont rejetes par la philosophie continentale, comme cela apparait de deux exemples juridiques : le cas du « mauvais samaritain » � autrement dit de la non-assistance a personne en peril � et celui des diffamations et injures racistes. Le retributivisme, une approche de la peine fondee exclusivement sur la morale deontologique, est de plus en plus pregnant aux Etats-Unis mais ne reussit pas a faire une percee dans le paysage juridique europeen. En realite, aucune philosophie penale ne peut justifier toute seule un systeme de regles privatives de liberte : l�utilitarisme...

The monograph describes the organic basis, the phenomena of lexical reflection and the logistics of the formation of new entities in business on the general theoretical positions of the development of activities in transition economies. Using the principles of the market economy and on the tools of political economy, the monograph clarifies the interaction functions, the genesis and the structural-analytical model communication of movement, which arises in business and approximates the reproduction complex to the post-industrial economy. Based on the logistics of stratification and structuration, the monograph develops classification signs and situational provisions of filling business with quality, a conceptual principle of accelerating the transition of relations into business, and a method of forming the sphere of service business.
The monograph is intended for researchers, teachers and professionals who are engaged in the processes of the formation of the organic structure of activity, in the development of the entrepreneurial function of a human and in the management of business processes in a non-equilibrium changing economic space.

Saienko V. Relationship processes in business : monograph / V. Saienko. – Opole : Publishing house of the Academy of management and administration in Opole, 2019. – 160 p. ISBN 978-83-62683-55-0

Saienko, V. (2019). Relationship processes in business : monograph. Publishing house of the Academy of management and administration in Opole, Opole. ISBN 978-83-62683-55-0

Saienko V.: Relationship processes in business: monograph. Publishing house of the Academy of management and administration in Opole, Opole 2019, 160 p. ISBN 978-83-62683-55-0

The article is devoted to studying the principles of the language economy of modern English wordforming. The most productive ways of word-formation are highlighted, illustrating the tendency of the language to compress nominative units. In the system of English word-formation, the most effective ways to save speech are affixal word formation, word composition, and conversion. Due to the considerable potential of these methods of word formation, the vocabulary of the English language has such qualities as the richness of vocabulary, functionality, and economy. The main aim of the study is to consider the principles of word-formation in the modern English language through word-forming models represented by the concepts of length and depth of the generating word. The authors of the article explore the mechanism of the principle of the economy through the consideration of the ideas of "mental energy", "word-forming energy", and "pronouncing energy". There are issues that attempt to answer; how does the principle of economy work in the English languageits word formation? What are the significant models of word formation in modern English? The findings indicate that there are active processes in the wordformation of the English language, which can cause the formation of new words without changing the length and depth of the generating term expanding the possibilities of word composition and conversion.

Grundlagen gesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen im 21. Jahrhundert - Neue Erklärungsansätze zum Verständnis eines komplexen Zeitalters



Die Welt wandelt sich in rasender Geschwindigkeit. Alles dreht sich, wirkt aus den Fugen geraten. Eine Wirklichkeit, die nicht selten auf Unverständnis trifft und nach Erklärungen fordert. Diese gelingen aber oft nicht befriedigend, was die Frage aufwirft, ob sie ausreichend sind, um die komplexen Veränderungen darzustellen. Können sie das noch? Oder müssen sie weiterentwickelt werden? Bedarf es vielleicht anderer Ansätze, um das 21. Jahrhundert verstehen zu können?

Andreas Herteux schließt die offenen Lücken, offeriert eine Vielzahl von neuen bzw. weiterentwickelten Erklärungsansätzen für globale gesellschaftliche, politische sowie wirtschaftliche Phänomene und bietet damit eine faszinierende Sicht auf ein neues Zeitalter: das des kollektiven Individualismus.



Inhalt

Einleitung

1. Die globale Erosion der Gesellschaft

1.1 Grundlagen der Milieumodelle

1.2 Globale Milieubildung

1.3 Ursachen gesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen

2. Der Aufstieg des Verhaltenskapitalismus

2.1 Grundthesen des Verhaltenskapitalismus

2.2 Grundlagen des Verhaltenskapitalismus

2.3 Der Kreislauf des Verhaltenskapitalismus

2.4 Bestandsaufnahme und Ausblick

3. Der Homo stimulus und die moderne Reizgesellschaft

3.1 Theoretische Grundlagen

3.2 Die Entwicklung der modernen Reizgesellschaft

3.3 Implementierung der Reizgesellschaft

4. Milieukampf und moderne Identifikationsdissonanz

4.1. Theorie der modernen Identifikationsdissonanz

4.1.1 Kognitive Dissonanz oder Identifikationsdissonanz?

4.1.2 Voraussetzungen, Rollen und Konflikte

4.1.3 Folgen der modernen Identitätsdissonanz

4.1.4 Das Ende der Milieus?

4.1.5 Zusammenfassung

4.2 Die Theorie des Milieukampfes

4.2.1 Milieukonflikt und Milieukampf

4.2.2 Natur der Milieukämpfe

4.2.3 Milieukoalitionen

4.2.4 Identifikation Führungswille

4.2.5 Erklärungsmuster für gesellschaftliche Prozesse?

5. Die Gesellschaft des 21. Jahrhunderts

5.1. Der Blick in die Zukunft

5.2. Die Herausforderungen der Gegenwart

5.3. Am Ende?

Glossar



Das vorliegende Dokument enthält Ausschnitte aus dem o.g. Werk sowie das Glossar.

Ziel ist es eine Diskussion zu ermöglichen.


Referenzen:

- Barth, Betram und weitere (2018) – Praxis der Sinus-Milieus® – Gegenwart und Zukunft eines modernen Gesellschafts- und Zielgruppenmodells, Springer-Verlag, 24.10.2017, 978-3-658-19335-5

- Herteux, A. (2019). Behavioral Capitalism – A New Variety of Capitalism Gains Power and Influence. Journal of Applied Business and Economics,21(9). e

- Herteux, Andreas (2010), Identitätsorientierte Führung einer politischen Marke: In der Theorie und am praktischen Beispiel der Freien Demokratischen Partei (FDP). AV Akademikerverlag, 16. November 2013, ISBN-13: 978-3639490480

- Herteux, Andreas (2018) - Das Alternative Hegemo-nie Modell (AH-Modell): Die unsichtbare Hand der Erziehung zum Guten. Erich von Werner Verlag, 25.11.2018, ISBN-13: 978-3981900644, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.1894403

- Herteux, Andreas (2019) - Fluchtursachen mit Hilfe des Wertekapitalismus bekämpfen – Das Modell der Alternativen Hegemonie (AH-Modell) in der praktischen Anwendung, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3626218

- Herteux, Andreas (2019) – Erste Grundlagen des Verhaltenskapitalismus: Bestandsaufnahme einer neuen Spielart des Kapitalismus, 11. Auflage, Erich von Werner Verlag, 2019, ISBN 978-3981900651, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3469587

- Herteux, Andreas (2019) – International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research (IJSSER): BEHAVIOURAL CAPITALISM AND SURVEILLANCE CAPITALISM – A COMPARISON OF TWO INTERPRETATIONS OF A DEVELOPMENT OF CAPITALISM, Volume 12/2019, Page 7253-7268, published 12/2019, ISSN: 2455-8834

- Herteux, Andreas (2019) – International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research (IJSSER): THE HOMO STIMULUS: THE CREATION OF A NEW HUMAN BEING - SHAPED BY THE STIMULUS SOCIETY AND BEHAVIORAL CAPITALISM – IN THE AGE OF COLLECTIVE INDIVIDUALISM. Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, 5(1), 207-226. Retrieved from ijs-ser.org/more2020.php?id=14

- Herteux, Andreas (2020) – Homo stimulus: Grundlagen menschlicher Anpassung und Weiterentwicklung im Zeitalter des kollektiven Individualismus, 7. Auflage, Erich von Werner Verlag ISBN-13: 978-3948621124, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3666616

- Herteux, Andreas - (2020) Wertekapitalismus: Wie die Folgen der Corona-Krise beherrschbar werden und der Aufbau einer krisensicheren Weltordnung gelingen kann, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3743014

- Zuboff, Shoshana (2018). Das Zeitalter des Überwachungskapitalismus. Berlin, Campus Verlag. ISBN 9783593509303.

Published as a result of a contributions to a number of international seminars and workshop, this paper gives an overview of conviviality as a critique in response to current issues, a horizon for the future and conclusions for policy and practice of the churches, civil society and governments

In the conditions of formation of the principles of a market economy in Ukraine, the presence of an effectively organized financial market, which is a special and necessary environment for its successful functioning, as well as development of the social sphere, becomes of increasing importance. The financial market arose as a result of the emergence of the need for an additional form of mobilization of funds for financial support for the development of the state's economy, but in addition, it is also a certain financial barometer of an economy that works efficiently at low inflation, a stable legislative and regulatory framework, a favorable political climate and a certain balance of interests in society.