Current Mode

Abstract-Low voltage CMOS circuits, operating in current mode, that exhibit piecewise transfer characteristics are presented. These circuits can be used for the synthesis of arbitrary piecewise transfer functions. Several circuits were developed. Nonlinear functions were synthesized with several approaches and results were compared using the Monte Carlo simulation of PSPICE software. The best results were obtained with double break point circuits. These circuits can be supplied with less than 1V.

... Bruno Estibals' and Luis Martinez-Salamero' ... A modular structure consisting of the cascade connection of a voltage stepnp dc-to-dc switching converter with galvanic isolation and a buck converter-based inverter stage is proposed. ...

The mega-project is experiencing revived interest as a tool for urban renewal. The current mode of large-scale urban development is, however, different from its predecessor in so far as its focus is flexible and diverse rather than singular and monolithic. However, the diversity that the new approach offers, we argue, forecloses upon a wide variety of social practices, reproducing rather than resolving urban inequality and disenfranchisement. Further, we suggest that the diversity of forms and land uses employed in these mega-projects inhibits the growth of oppositional and contestational practices. The new mega-project also demonstrates a shift from collective benefits to a more individualized form of public benefit. The article is based on Toronto's recent waterfront development proposals, which we identify as an example of a new paradigm of mega-project development within the framework of the competitive city. Its stated but paradoxical goal is to specialize in everything, a...

This paper presents a CMOS inverter-based class-AB pseudo differential amplifier for HF applications using new simple rail-to-rail CMFB circuit. The proposed circuit employs two CMOS inverters and the complementary common-mode feedback (CMFB) consisting of current mode common-mode detector and transimpedance amplifiers. The circuit has been designed using 0.18 μm CMOS technology under 1 V supply, and the simulation results shows that the rail to rail output swing is achieved with low common-mode gain (-15 dB). The output swing of the circuit is 0.7 V. The power dissipation of the circuit is 96 μW.

In this paper, a new high frequency isolation on-line uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system is proposed as a viable solution for low power applications. It's composed by one half-bridge chopper that operates in open loop with fixed duty cycle, a step-up converter that operates in closed loop using the traditional average current mode control and a traditional full bridge voltage source inverter (VSI). The step-up converter control provides power factor correction to the system. The proposed circuit is suitable for the development of low power UPSs (less than 1 kVA) which few batteries are used. In such applications the battery bank voltage, can be 24 V, 36 V or 48 V. Principle of operation, as well as, experimental results for the UPS operating in both, grid and battery modes are presented. Accordingly to the experimental results for a 1 kVA assembled prototype, an efficiency of 81,3% is obtained for grid mode and 89,2% for the battery mode, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed configuration.

Neutron emission from a deuterium plasma pinch generated in a very small plasma focus (6 mm anode diameter) operating at only tens of joules is presented. A maximum current of 50 kA is achieved 140 ns after the beginning of the discharge, when the device is charged at 50 J (160 nF capacitor bank, 38 nH, 20-30 kV, 32-72 J). Although the stored energy is very low, the estimated energy density in the plasma and the energy per particle in the plasma are of the same order as in higher energy devices. The dependence of the neutron yield on the filling pressure of deuterium was obtained for discharges with 50 and 67 J stored in the capacitor bank. Neutrons were measured by means of a system based on a 3He proportional counter in current mode. The average neutron yield for 50 J discharges at 6 mbar was (1.2 ± 0.5) × 104 neutrons per shot, and (3.6 ± 1.6) × 104 for 67 J discharges at 9 mbar. The maximum energy of the neutrons was (2.7 ± 1.8) MeV. Possible applications related to substance detection and others are discussed.

A digital state feedback control method for the current mode control of DC-DC converters is proposed in this paper. This approach can precisely achieve interleaved current sharing among the converter modules. As the controller design and system analysis are performed in the time domain, the proposed method can easily satisfy the required converter specification by using the pole placement technique.