Health Sciences

Intrahepatinė nėščiųjų cholestazė (toliau – INC) – liga, galinti nulemti mažą naujagimio svorį, naujagimio hipoksiją, intrauterinę mirtį. Laiku diagnozavus ir gydant šią ligą, tokių komplikacijų galima išvengti. Svarbūs žymenys, padedantys diagnozuoti ir stebėti INC eigą, yra tulžies rūgščių (toliau – TR) ir aspartataminotransferazių (toliau – AST) koncentracija kraujo serume. Nėštumo užbaigimas nelaukiant natūralaus gimdymo pradžios yra šių komplikacijų prevencijos priemonė. Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti INC sirgusių moterų nėštumo trukmės ryšį su naujagimių sveikatos būkle bei biocheminiais nėščiųjų kraujo rodikliais (TR ir AST koncentraciją). Į tyrimą įtraukta 120 INC sergančių nėščiųjų. Duomenys rinkti iš gimdymo istorijų ir vykdant tiriamųjų anketinę apklausą. Vertinti nėščiųjų TR bei AST rodikliai. Naujagimių sveikata vertinta pagal jų svorį ir Apgar skalę. Naujagimiai suskirstyti pagal svorį į 2 kategorijas: per mažo svorio ir normalaus (per didelio svorio naujagimių nebuvo). Ka...

Maisto ženklinimas vartotojui gali suteikti daug informacijos apie produktą, tik svarbu tą informaciją perskaityti ir teisingai suprasti. Tuomet maisto produkto pasirinkimas bus teisingas, o mityba sveikesnė ir visavertiškesnė. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti, koks Lietuvos gyventojų požiūris į maisto etiketėse pateikiamą informaciją. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrimas atliktas 2019 metais visoje Lietuvos teritorijoje. Tikslinė grupė – šalies gyventojai nuo 18 iki 75 metų amžiaus. Per tyrimą taikyta apklausa raštu, apklausti 1008 respondentai. Atliekant tyrimą, naudotas daugiapakopės stratifikuotos tikimybinės atrankos metodas. Duomenų analizė atlikta SPSS/PC programine įranga. Duomenys laikomi statistiškai reikšmingais, kai p < 0,05. Rezultatai. Etiketėje pateikiamą produkto sudėtį visuomet skaito 26 proc. gyventojų. 38 proc. tai daro kartais, 21 proc. ‒ pavieniais atvejais, 15 proc. ‒ niekada. Renkantis maisto produktus, etikečių informacijos visiškai neskaito 21,1 proc. vyrų ir 8,8 proc. mot...

Pasaulio sveikatos organizacija rekomenduoja mažinti suvartojamo pridėtinio cukraus kiekį. Kitų šalių patirtis rodo, kad pridėtinio cukraus vartojimo mažinimas gali būti susijęs su alternatyviais saldaus skonio išgavimo būdais, naudojant saldiklius. Kaip atskleidė atlikti moksliniai tyrimai, saldiklių vartojimas gali būti nepriimtinas vartotojams dėl susiformavusių nuostatų. Lietuvoje saldiklių vartojimo ypatumai dar mažai tyrinėti. Trūksta duomenų apie Lietuvos gyventojų požiūrį į pridėtinio cukraus bei saldiklių vartojimą, todėl šio tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti Lietuvos gyventojų požiūrį į cukraus ir saldiklių vartojimą. Tyrimo metu buvo sudaryta Lietuvos populiaciją reprezentuojanti imtis. Iš viso tyrime dalyvavo 1008 respondentai nuo 18 iki 75 metų. Duomenys buvo renkami vykdant anketinę apklausą. Pagal gyventojų socialines ir demografines charakteristikas (lytį, amžių, gyvenamosios vietos tipą, užimtumą, gaunamas pajamas, šeiminę padėtį ir išsimokslinimą) analizuotas respondentų ...

In the setting of bleeding into the perigraft space, the classic Bentall operation can be modified by the usage of the Cabrol shunt. This shunt is applied in order to drain the blood into the right atrium and it is expected to close gradually. Anastomotic suture line disruption along with concomitant blood flow into the perigraft space may rarely open the shunt and cause the right heart failure. Due to the anastomotic complications, the classic Bentall operation no longer is widely used in clinical practice, but patients who underwent such procedure some decades ago may be coping with various symptoms nowadays. In this article, the cases of anastomotic disruption as well as pseudoaneurysm formation and the opening of the Cabrol shunt 21 years after such kind of operation are presented. The patient underwent surgical repair and was confronted with the reoccurrence of the coronary pseudoaneurysm three years later.

The rupture of a papillary muscle is usually associated with the previous occurrence of myocardial infarction, but it may have another etiology. The authors of this article have found no reports about anterolateral papillary muscle rupture caused by a single-vessel coronary artery disease without myocardial infarction. In this paper, an extremely rare case of anterolateral papillary muscle rupture caused by chronic ischemia due to single-vessel coronary artery disease is presented. Since the patient of this case had remained hemodynamically stable and responded well to medical treatment, the mitral valve was successfully repaired 6 weeks after the onset of symptoms.

Radiofrequency ablation is one of the minimal invasive technologies to destroy tissues of the organism. It is often used to cure oncologic diseases. In order to destroy the entire tumor physicians must assure the required- size ablation zone. There are quite a lot of ways to increase the size of the ablation zone, but the simplest way to do it is the manipulation with applicators and their electric current. Therefore the aim of this work is to study and describe how size and geometry of the ablation zone depends on the set ablation power, time, cooling of applicators and ablation mode. The study was performed using “CelonPOWER System” with bipolar applicators „CelonPro Surge 150-T40“. Using one or two applicators in ex vivo porcine liver or ex vivo bovine kidney was performed radiofrequency ablation without moving the electrodes. There were performed experiments with bipolar and multipolar modes, enabled and disabled cooling of applicators, changing ablation power and ablation time. After the ablation, cuts were made transversely and longitudinally the applicator and using a ruler the size of the ablation zone was measured. Also the view of the ablation zone was recorded in photos. In addition, during each study the “Olympus PowerMonitor” software was used to record all electric ablation variables in the time scale. The study concluded that using two cooled applicators more fused and higher coagulated zone can be achieved faster in bipolar mode instead of multipolar mode. In addition, the treatment with bipolar ablation mode requires less power than with multipolar mode. Using two applicators bipolar ablation mode with up to 40 mm applicator spacing provides a fully fused and reliable ablation zone. Article in Lithuanian doi:10.5200/sm-hs.2012.102

Sprendžiant antsvorio, nutukimo ir su tuo susijusių ligų problemas, Lietuvoje ir kitose pasaulio valstybėse siekiama sumažinti maisto produktuose esančio pridėtinio cukraus kiekį. Tikėtina, kad mažinant cukraus vartojimą, gali išaugti cukraus pakaitalų – saldiklių vartojimas. Jie, kaip ir pridėtinis cukrus, siejami su įvairiapusiu poveikiu sveikatai. Cukraus ir saldiklių vartojimo paplitimas pagal socialinius ir demografinius rodiklius skiriasi įvairiose pasaulio valstybėse. Trūksta duomenų apie saldiklių vartojimo paplitimą bei požiūrį į juos Lietuvoje, todėl tyrimo tikslas – atsižvelgiant į socialines ir demografines charakteristikas, įvertinti saldiklių vartojimo paplitimą tarp Lietuvos gyventojų. Tikslui pasiekti sudaryta Lietuvos populiaciją reprezentuojanti imtis. Iš viso tyrime dalyvavo 1008 respondentai nuo 18 iki 75 metų. Duomenys buvo renkami vykdant anketinę apklausą. Analizuotos gyventojų socialinės ir demografinės charakteristikos (lytis, amžius, gyvenamosios vietos tip...

As in the field of dentistry, there have been several advances to provide a quality service. The occlusal forces applied to a fixed denture prosthesis (FDP) are transmitted to the supporting structures through the pontic, connectors and retainers. Span length, occlusion, bone loss, and quality of periodontium may be affected by the durability of an FDP and its abutment. Technique of hollow pontic is used for extensive loss of tissue in the pontic area, dense porosity free casting, porcelain cracking prevention on cooling. The present report depicts, such a case where a hollow pontic was given in a FDP. How to cite this article Dixit S, Singh A. Hollow Pontic: Technique for Load Reduction on Edentulous Segment. J Health Sci Res 2015;6(1):22-24.

The purpose is to present the adapted program for independent home rehabilitation for patients with ischemic stroke in chronic period, which is worked out on the basis of principles of motor control, motor learning and the contemporary guidance of neurodevelopmental therapy, (Neurodevelopmental treatment - NDT). Recovery after injury to the central nervous system is an interactive work between the patient, an interdisciplinary team of specialists and close relatives. The adapted program and therapy for patients with ischemic stroke in the chronic period is oriented towards solving focused functional activities, which require active participation by the patient, to get a personal experience and to take advantage of the possibilities of the processеs of neuroplasticity for recovery. The patient can be learned only if he actively participates in the process or performing activities and facilitation, depending on its functional capabilities. In motor learning, gaining even minimally correct response by the patient, it’s good to stop with manual assistance, not to hinder the recovery process. Seeking optimal strategies suitable and appropriate for the particular patient and his capabilities, our final purpose is to improve functional motor capabilities, postural stability, postural reactivity and gait. Conclusion: The program can contribute the society, providing more informations about the possibilities of physical exercise in the prevention and treatment of this disease with drug therapy and dietary regime. Key words: Ischemic stroke, Neurodevelopmental treatment – NDT, Home rehabilitation.

For good treatment outcome in external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), it is imperative to know with great accuracy the amount of radiation dose that will be deposited at any point within the irradiated region of a patient. And because absorbed dose distributions cannot be measured directly in a patient, there is therefore the need to calculate or estimate the dose distributions.The dose calculations are based on dosimetric functions determined or measured in full scatter water phantom, which are used to try to link the doses measured in water to what would be pertain in the patient. Two of these dosimetric functions: percentage depth dose and relative dose factor, had been assessed for an Equinox 100 telecobalt machine and compared with those of "silver" beam data provided by the manufacturer of the teletherapy machine. The measured percentage depth doses were also compared with those of a published beam data. The said dosimetric functions were measured to facilitate the commis...

Introduction: The medical profession is considered to be both satisfying and lucrative, drawing the best students to its ranks every year thousands of students all over the country are still eager to pursue the medical profession. Even though so many factors and individuals influence and/or motivate them to become doctors while entering professional course, he or she should have basic knowledge on the course and about the future career. Aims and Objectives: 1. To know the basic knowledge on medical undergraduate course. 2. To know the attitude of medical students towards the course. Materials and Methods: First year medical students, in September 2016 were included the study. All the participants were instructed to fill the given questionnaire having 18 items of open ended. Results: Among the newly joined medical students females (57.25%) were more than males (42.75%). Among the participants 88.55% had their studies in corporate schools and colleges and only 4.58% of participants ha...

Desde a Declaracao de Budapeste em fevereiro de 2002 que se discute a questao do acesso livre e universal ao conhecimento cientifico, procurando explorar as potencialidades abertas pela tecnologia digital e o modo como os processos e produtos da informacao cientifica se enquadram neste novo contexto. Este trabalho tem como objetivo aferir as potencialidades do resumo cientifico na area das Ciencias da Saude dando-se enfâse ao papel da sua estrutura como elemento chave no cumprimento das funcoes de representacao do conteudo dos documentos em dois contextos distintos: Acesso Restrito (AR) e Acesso Aberto (AA). A metodologia utilizada e qualitativa, subdividida em duas fases, revisao da literatura e estudo de caso, este centrado na analise comparativa dos resumos de duas revistas cientificas de relevo na area da Saude publicadas em distintos contextos: a PLoS One (AA) e a Nature (AR). Os resultados apontam para a compatibilidade estrutural entre os resumos analisados nas duas revistas,...

Mobile phones (MP) have become one of the most used devices for communication. Historically, enough proofs have ruled out the substantial short-term effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) emitted by MP on the human brain and its cognitive performance. The aim of this mini-review is to examine the different effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by MP on human brain. We base our arguments on analyzing recent neuroimaging and electroencephalography studies that will elaborate the effects of the human brain's exposure to the EMF’MP. Several studies indicated an increase in cortical excitability and/or efficiency related to EMF exposure, while other experiments proved that no changes or variations have been found after EMF exposure. Based on a study done in 2020, the exposure to EMF emitted by MP has no abnormal discharges during the real MPR exposure. In contrast, an increase events number in real exposure has been found.

Patients, families, physicians, and policymakers have lauded compassion as the cornerstone of excellence, and research on the concept of compassion in healthcare has attracted widespread interest as healthcare systems throughout the world undergo transformation. Compassion is a crucial value for patients, families, and caregivers to consider as an intrinsic aspect of high-quality healthcare because of its "human dimension." However, there are a number of theoretical viewpoints on compassion and compassion traits in healthcare in the literature. As a result, the purpose of this study is to comprehend the various theoretical perspectives on compassion and attributes of compassion in healthcare. Key words: Compassion, healthcare, quality, theoretical perspectives, attributes.

Background: Organophosphates (OP) are the extensively used pesticides that protect the agricultural produce from being damaged by the pests. These inhibit the acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity acutely which has a key role in the normal physiological functioning of the nervous system. There is an imminent possibility of deterioration of health in agricultural workers at the risk of OP exposure. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical symptoms and chronic health effects of OP exposure among agricultural workers associated with spraying of pesticides in Kashmir, India. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken among agricultural workers associated with pesticide spraying at least once a year. A questionnaire based survey and clinical examination was conducted among study participants. The specific questions regarding the occupational history, pattern of spraying, history and symptoms of OP pesticide exposure were noted. The use of personal protective equipment, nu...