- Electrocatalysis, Chemical Engineering, Fuel Cells, PEM Fuel Cells (Engineering), Subcritical Water, Catalysis, and 5 moreCatalysts, Fuel-oil desulphurization, Renewable Energy, Energy efficiency, and Supercritical fluids(Catalysts, Fuel-oil desulphurization, Renewable Energy, Energy efficiency, and Supercritical fluids)edit
This study, for the first time, aimed to analyse ‘Bovine serum albumin’ hydrogel composite by simple and quick method (SCWT) since not only there had been some indications that the low temperature subcritical water treatment may be as... more
This study, for the first time, aimed to analyse ‘Bovine serum albumin’ hydrogel composite by simple and quick method (SCWT) since not only there had been some indications that the low temperature subcritical water treatment may be as valuable products as its high temperature treatment, but also, the positive outcome would put a stop to the waste of energy and money. For BSA-based hydrogel at first, the optimum conditions were identified by assessing the effect of different influential parameters (SCWT temperature, time). SCWT was done using a batch subcritical reactor. Additionally, the characterization tests were carried out on the BSA-based hydrogels which was produced by this unique method. BSA-based Hydrogel preparation condition by SCWT accurately was investigated and optimized SCWT condition according to maximum ESR (50%). Schott kinetic swelling model provided evidence to approve two-step water diffusion mechanism in BSA-based hydrogel by SCWT.
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In this study, the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone over nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) Cu catalyst has been reported. The N-rGO support was synthesized by chemical reduction of graphite oxide (GO). The... more
In this study, the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone over nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) Cu catalyst has been reported. The N-rGO support was synthesized by chemical reduction of graphite oxide (GO). The synthesized N-rGO was used as a support to prepare the Cu/NrGO catalyst via an incipient wet impregnation method. The as-prepared support and the Cu/N-rGO catalyst were characterized by FESEM, EDX, XRD, TEM, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy. The various characterization analysis revealed the suitability of the Cu/N-rGO as a heterogeneous catalyst that can be employed for the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone. The catalytic activity of the Cu/N-rGO catalyst was tested in non-oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone using a stainless-steel fixed bed reactor. The effects of temperature, reactant flow rate, and time-onstream on the activity of the Cu/N-rGO catalyst were examined. The Cu/N-rGO nanosheets show excellent catalytic a...
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... すべて CiNiiに本文あり CiNiiに本文あり、または連携サービスへのリンクあり. Study of Co-Mo carbides as anode electrocatalyst for PEFC (第102回触媒討論会B講演予稿) Study of Co-Mo Carbides as Anode Electrocatalyst for PEFC. IZHAR Shamsul; Tokyo Univ. ...
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Palm kernel cake is one of the wastes produced by palm kernel oil mill. Malaysia as one of the largest oil producers in the world produces a large number of waste palm kernel cake annually and mostly treated as animal feed while it still... more
Palm kernel cake is one of the wastes produced by palm kernel oil mill. Malaysia as one of the largest oil producers in the world produces a large number of waste palm kernel cake annually and mostly treated as animal feed while it still contains valuable oil residue. This study presents the application of sub-critical water as an environmental friendly medium for recovery of oil from waste palm kernel cake. Experiments were conducted in batch reactors with subcritical water at temperature ranging from 1800C to 2800C for 5 minutes. Highest oil yield of 52.9 mg-oil/g-dry waste palm kernel cake was obtained at reaction temperature of 2400C. This amount is 54.4% of the amount of oil extracted via Soxhlet method with hexane. The extraction of oil using subcritical water at temperature below 2400C has correlation coefficient of 0.97 to dielectric constant of water. Solid waste also can be reduced by sub-critical water treatment as the yield of solid residue decreased with increasing temp...
In this article, the potential of various low-cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated water has been reviewed. Various conventional methods for heavy metal removal such as precipitation, evaporation,... more
In this article, the potential of various low-cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated water has been reviewed. Various conventional methods for heavy metal removal such as precipitation, evaporation, electroplating and also ion exchange have been applied since previous years. However, these methods have several disadvantages such as only limited to certain concentrations of metals ions, generation large amount of toxic sludge and the capital costs are much too high to be economical. Hence, adsorption using low-cost adsorbents is found to be more environmentally friendly. Adsorption is the alternative process, for heavy metal removal due to the wide number of natural materials or agricultural wastes gathering in abundance from our environment. High adsorption capacities, cost effectiveness and their abundance in nature are the important parameters which explain why the adsorbent is economical for heavy metal removal. In this review, a list of adsorbent liter...
Chlorella sp. microalgae contain phenolic compounds with good functional properties. In this study, two extraction methods, soxhlet and subcritical water extraction (SWE) were applied and compared in terms of phenolic compounds recovery... more
Chlorella sp. microalgae contain phenolic compounds with good functional properties. In this study, two extraction methods, soxhlet and subcritical water extraction (SWE) were applied and compared in terms of phenolic compounds recovery from Chlorella sp. microalgae and characterization of the phenolic acid components. Phenolic acid analysis demonstrated that the main components of the Chlorella sp. extracts were ferulic, caffeic and p-coumaric acids. The comparative study indicated that SWE gave higher extraction yield compared to conventional soxhlet method. High recoveries of phenolic acids were obtained at 175 °C with 3.20, 3.05 and 3.33 mg/100 g of ferulic, p-coumaric and caffeic acid, respectively, compared to soxhlet extraction using methanol with 2.10, 2.29 and 2.37 mg/100 g of ferulic, p-coumaric and caffeic acid, respectively. This proved that subcritical water treatment could effectively be used for the release of phenolic acids from Chlorella sp. using safe and green sol...
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the potential to act as a catalyst support in many sciences and engineering fields due to their outstanding properties. The CNT-coated monolith was synthesized over a highly active Ni catalyst using direct... more
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the potential to act as a catalyst support in many sciences and engineering fields due to their outstanding properties. The CNT-coated monolith was synthesized over a highly active Ni catalyst using direct liquid injection chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The aim was to study the optimum condition for synthesizing CNT-coated monoliths. The Taguchi method with L9 (34) orthogonal array design was employed to optimize the experimental conditions of CNT-coated monoliths. The design response was the percentage of carbon yield expressed by the signal-to-noise (S/N) value. The parameters including the mass ratio of Ni to citric acid (Ni:CA) (A), the injection rate of carbon source (B), time of reaction (C), and operating temperature (D) were selected at three levels. The results showed that the optimum conditions for CNT-coated monolith were established at A1B2C1D2 and the most influential parameter was D followed by B, C, and A. The ANOVA analysis showed the d...
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A CuCl electrolyzer that constitutes of composite polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) that functions at medium-temperature (> 100 ºC) is beneficial for rapid electrochemical kinetics, and better in handling fuel pollutants. A... more
A CuCl electrolyzer that constitutes of composite polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) that functions at medium-temperature (> 100 ºC) is beneficial for rapid electrochemical kinetics, and better in handling fuel pollutants. A synthesized polybenzimidazole (PBI) composite membrane from the addition of ZrO2 followed with phosphoric acid (PA) is suggested to overcome the main issues in CuCl electrolysis, including the copper diffusion and proton conductivity. PBI/ZrP properties improved significantly with enhanced proton conductivity (3 fold of pristine PBI, 50% of Nafion 117), superior thermal stability (> 600 ºC), good mechanical strength (85.17 MPa), reasonable Cu permeability (7.9 x 10-7) and high ionic exchange capacity (3.2 x 10-3 mol⸱g-1). Hydrogen produced at 0.5 A⸱cm-2 (115 ºC) for PBI/ZrP and Nafion 117 was 3.27 cm3⸱min-1 and 1.85 cm3⸱min-1, respectively. The CuCl electrolyzer efficiency was ranging from 91 to 97 %, thus proven that the hybrid PBI/ZrP membrane can be a promising and cheaper alternative to Nafion membrane.
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Abandoned oil palm trunk (OPT) is among the most abundant left-over biomass in Malaysia and is allowed to decompose naturally in the field. However, the recycling of OPT is less considered although OPT is a bioresource that has a high... more
Abandoned oil palm trunk (OPT) is among the most abundant left-over biomass in Malaysia and is allowed to decompose naturally in the field. However, the recycling of OPT is less considered although OPT is a bioresource that has a high potential for conversion into value-added products. In this study, waste OPT was rapidly converted by hydrolysis using subcritical water (sub-CW). This work is the first attempt to explore the utilization of waste OPT based on the differences in moisture, cellulose and hemicellulose contents in the top and bottom segments, and from various ages of the waste OPT. 21- and 35-year-old OPTs were divided into top and bottom sections. The OPTs was subjected to sub-CW at a heating rate of 3.8 °C/s at various temperatures and times. The 21-year-old OPT was superior to the 35-year-old OPT for conversion into sugar and organic acid. The yield of the total sugar was between 0.41 and 0.77 kg/kg-OPT in the bottom and top sections. The excellent correlation between ...
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Subcritical water extraction (SCW) was used to extract oil from Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The operational factors such as reaction temperature, reaction time, and biomass loading influence the oil yield during the extraction process. In this... more
Subcritical water extraction (SCW) was used to extract oil from Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The operational factors such as reaction temperature, reaction time, and biomass loading influence the oil yield during the extraction process. In this study, response surface methodology was employed to identify the desired extraction conditions for maximum oil yield. Experiments were carried out in batch reactors as per central composite design with three independent factors including reaction temperature (170, 220, 270, 320, and 370°C), reaction time (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 min), and biomass loading (1, 3, 5, 10, and 15%). A maximum oil yield of 12.89 wt.% was obtained at 320°C and 15 min, with 3% biomass loading. Sequential model tests showed the good fit of experimental data to the second-order quadratic model. This study opens the great potential of SCW to extract algal oil for use in algal biofuel production.
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... すべて CiNiiに本文あり CiNiiに本文あり、または連携サービスへのリンクあり. Study of Co-Mo carbides as anode electrocatalyst for PEFC (第102回触媒討論会B講演予稿) Study of Co-Mo Carbides as Anode Electrocatalyst for PEFC. IZHAR Shamsul; Tokyo Univ. ...
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A composite membrane of polybenzimidazole (PBI) and sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK) based electrolyzer that operates at higher working temperature above 80 ⁰C is advantageous for faster electrochemical kinetics, higher current... more
A composite membrane of polybenzimidazole (PBI) and sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK) based electrolyzer that operates at higher working temperature above 80 ⁰C is advantageous for faster electrochemical kinetics, higher current exchange density and more resistance to fuel impurities. A high-temperature copper chloride-based composite membrane electrolysis is proposed to overcome the issue of fuel diffusivity, membrane's thermal and mechanical stability in hydrogen production. The phosphoric acid (PA) functionalized composite PBI and SPEEK membranes were synthesized by a standard method followed with immersion in 85 wt% phosphoric acid at different temperatures for 80 minutes. The composite membranes have been characterized for water uptake, tensile strength, thermal stability by thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis, permeability by Cu diffusion cell and ionic exchange capacity (IEC). From the result, the PA doped PBI membrane (100 º C, 80 min) shows significant improvement in tensile strength (92.23 MPa) with PA doped PBI membrane (40 º C, 80 min) exhibited the lowest Cu diffusion at 5.56 x 10-8 cm 2 s-1. The composite PBI/ZrP has the advantage of the most thermally stable membrane and excellent ionic exchange capacity at 3.20 x 10-3 mol g-1 .
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Tin and transparent glass substrate were efficiently recovered from color filter (CF) and thin-film transistor (TFT) glasses in LCD panel wastes using sub-critical water (sub-CW) at various treatment temperatures and reaction time.... more
Tin and transparent glass substrate were efficiently recovered from color filter (CF) and thin-film transistor (TFT) glasses in LCD panel wastes using sub-critical water (sub-CW) at various treatment temperatures and reaction time. Treatment for 5 min using sub-CW added with NaOH resulted in a 95% recovery of tin from CF and TFT glasses. The tin oxide did not liquify in the liquid phase instead stayed in the organic multi-layers, which exfoliated together from the CF glass and TFT glass. This is a huge advantage because the organic multi-layers were readily separated by sub-CW and tin was recovered by filtration with ease. Transparent and clean glass was also recovered from LCD panel waste. The amount of tin oxide recovered depended on the sub-CW reaction temperature, reaction time and NaOH concentration. Treatment of smaller CF glass improved the recovery of tin. With this advance, we have showed that sub-CW method is technically feasible for tin oxide recovery in LCD waste.
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Abstract The tungsten carbides on FSM-16 were prepared in carburizing of WO 3/FSM-16 with 20% CH 4/H 2 and characterized using nitrogen adsorption, XRD, TEM, and NMR. The relationship between the surface properties and the catalytic... more
Abstract The tungsten carbides on FSM-16 were prepared in carburizing of WO 3/FSM-16 with 20% CH 4/H 2 and characterized using nitrogen adsorption, XRD, TEM, and NMR. The relationship between the surface properties and the catalytic activity of tungsten carbides ...
Fuel cells have been highly considered as an alternative power source for the near future. The low temperature-operated proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEFC) has gain interest for use in automotive and stationary applications. For... more
Fuel cells have been highly considered as an alternative power source for the near future. The low temperature-operated proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEFC) has gain interest for use in automotive and stationary applications. For Pt-metal alloy electrocatalysts, the cost to produce and commercialize fuel cells is high. Therefore, the major challenges in fuel cell research are to reduce the cost of the electrocatalyst either by lowering the Pt loading or by developing a non-noble catalyst. The exploration for new alternative Pt catalysts from such materials as a graphene-structure, coals has become the challenge in fuel cell research, although coals contained many impurities. The preparation of treated coals and their activity as an cathode catalyst for PEFC were investigated. The electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction over the catalysts was evaluated using a single-stack fuel cell and a rotating disk electrode.
Analysis of bio-oil derived from activated sludge using biomarkers was performed by spectroscopic methods. The method successfully determined the distinction between the oil derived from activated sewage sludge (bio-oil) and crude oil... more
Analysis of bio-oil derived from activated sludge using biomarkers was performed by spectroscopic methods. The method successfully determined the distinction between the oil derived from activated sewage sludge (bio-oil) and crude oil (heavy fuel oil).
The hydrodenitrogenation of the bio-oil produced from activated sludge was performed at 250-370℃ and 2.0MPa over the sulfided P-added NiMo/Al_2O_3 catalysts. The bio-oil was prepared from the pyrolysis of dried activated sludge using... more
The hydrodenitrogenation of the bio-oil produced from activated sludge was performed at 250-370℃ and 2.0MPa over the sulfided P-added NiMo/Al_2O_3 catalysts. The bio-oil was prepared from the pyrolysis of dried activated sludge using steam, nitrogen and air fed to a fluidized bed reactor at 500℃ and residence time of 1s. The reaction in the present work was carried out in a continuous flow fixed bed reactor with LHSV=5-10h^<-1>. The xylene-soluble (partially dissolved) bio-oil (BO/Xy) and totally soluble bio-oil in ethanol (BO/EtOH, ratio=1:4) and in diethylene glycol (BO/DEG, ratio=1:8) were prepared as the reaction feed. The nitrogen containing compounds were totally denitrogenated throughout the 6h reaction period during the hydrotreatment of BO/Xy containing 0.5% nitrogen compounds at 367℃. Indole, pyridine and other compounds were denitrogenated.
Abstract; In the rapid development of highly active non-platinum electrocatalyst for the anode, possibility of molybdenum carbides as electrocatalyst on a half cell electrode and on a single stack cell was studied. The electrodes were... more
Abstract; In the rapid development of highly active non-platinum electrocatalyst for the anode, possibility of molybdenum carbides as electrocatalyst on a half cell electrode and on a single stack cell was studied. The electrodes were evaluated from the half cell cyclic ...
Cobalt-Tungsten and Molybdenum-Tungsten Carbides as Anode Catalyst for PEFC. [ECS Meeting Abstracts 802, 891 (2008)]. Shamsul Izhar, Masatoshi Nagai.
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Research Interests: Engineering, Carbon, Morphology, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Heat Treatment, and 12 moreElectrocatalysis, Fuel Cell, Physical sciences, Nitrogen, XRD, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, XPS, Surface Structure, X ray diffraction, Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Rotating Disc Electrode, and X Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
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Cobalt molybdenum (Co-Mo) carbides were prepared by the carburization of Co-Mo oxides at temperatures of 723–973K in a stream of CH4/H2 gas. The carburized catalysts were evaluated using a single-stack fuel cell and three-electrode cell.... more
Cobalt molybdenum (Co-Mo) carbides were prepared by the carburization of Co-Mo oxides at temperatures of 723–973K in a stream of CH4/H2 gas. The carburized catalysts were evaluated using a single-stack fuel cell and three-electrode cell. The results showed high activities for the anodic electrooxidation of hydrogen over the Co-Mo catalysts carburized at 873 and 923K. The 873K carburized Co-Mo catalyst
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The preparation of carbon-supported cobalttungsten and molybdenumtungsten carbides and their activity as an anode catalyst for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell were investigated. The electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen oxidation... more
The preparation of carbon-supported cobalttungsten and molybdenumtungsten carbides and their activity as an anode catalyst for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell were investigated. The electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen oxidation reaction over the catalysts was ...