ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ
ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ[1] (ⵙ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ : ⵍⴰ ⵎⵓⵙⵉⵇⵓⴻ ⴱⴻⵔⴱèⵔⴻ; ⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ : الموسيقى الأمازيغية) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵉⵣⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ (ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵖⴰ) ⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵉⵣⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ ⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵓⴷⴷⴰ[2] ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵔⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⵙⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ, ⵎⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ, ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴹⴰ, ⵉⵙⵔⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⵣⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ.
ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴼ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⵀⴰ ⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵙⴰⵡⵡⴰⵍ ⴼ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵏⵙⴰⵡⵡⴰⵍ ⴼ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴰⵜⴳ. ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵖⴰⵙⵙⴰⴷ ⵏⵥⴹⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵉⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⵓⵢⵚⴰ, ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ; ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ, ⵜⴰⵀⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵥⴰⵢⵢⴰⵏ, ⵏⵣⵣⴷⴰⵕ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴼ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ, ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ[3] ⵜⵓⴳⵔ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ.
ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵉⴳⵣ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵇⵇⴱⵓⵔ, ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ. ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵣⵓⴳⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵍⵀⴰⵊ ⴱⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵡⵔⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ.
ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⵜ :
[edit | edit source]"ⵥ" ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵢⵜ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ "ⴰⵣⴰⵡⴰⵏ", ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵥ ⵎⴰⵛⵉ ⵢⴰⵣ
ⵉⵙⴰⴼⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ [4]
[edit | edit source]ⵜⴰⵢⵢⴱ ⴰⵎⴳⵔⵓⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⴼ ⵉⵙⴰⴼⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⴼⴼⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 100 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉ :
- ⴰⵃⵓⵣⵉ
- ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵃⵎⵎⵓ
- ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵃⵎⵎⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵍⵇⵇⴰⵎⵏ
- ⴱⵓ ⵙⴰⵍⵎ
- ⵜⴰⵛⵜⵓⴽⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵊⵎⴰⴳ
- ⴳⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵓⵣⵉ
ⵜⴰⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵚⵉⵜ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵕⵕⵓⵢⵙⴰ (ⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵙ)
[edit | edit source]ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵚⵉⵜ (ⵏⵖ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵙ) ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴷⴰ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵛⵍⵃⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵙⵔⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ. ⵉⵥⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴼ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ, ⵉⵥⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏⵙ, ⴳ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵣⵣⴹⴰⵔ ⴰ ⵏⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵇⵇⴱⵓⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵓⴱⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ. ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵕⵕⵓⵢⵙⴰ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵃⴰⵊ ⴱⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵢⴰⵍⴽⴰⵎ (ⵍⴽⴰⵚⵉⵟ ⵏ ⵍⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ), ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⵣⵣⴹⴰⵔ ⴰ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵔⵜⴰ ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵍⵃⴰⵊ ⴱⵍⵄⵉⴷ.
ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵕⵕⵓⵢⵙⴰ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵙ "ⵕⵕⴰⵢⵙ", ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴷⵉⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ (ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ). ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵙ ⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵔⵉⴱⴰⴱ, ⴰⴼⵓⵙ.
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ⵍⵃⴰⵊⵊ ⴱⵍⵄⵉⴷ, ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵕⵕⵓⵢⵙⴰ
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ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵃⴰⵊⵊ ⴱⵍⵄⵉⴷ
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ⵄⵓⵎⴰⵔ ⵡⴰⵀⵔⵓⵛ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵎⵖⵓⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵕⵕⵓⵢⵙⴰ
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ⵔⵉⴱⴰⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴳⵊⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵙ
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ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵔⵉⴱⴰⴱ
ⵜⴰⵥⵏⵥⴰⵔⵜ
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ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵛⵍⵃⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵇⵇⴱⵓⵕ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵙⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ (1970) ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ, ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ ⵛⵛⴰⵎⵅ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ. ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵍⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ.
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ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 2009 ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴳⵍⵎⵉⵎ
ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ
[edit | edit source]ⵜⵉⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ[5] ⵜⴳⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏⵙ ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ : "ⴳⵔⵓⵓⴱ" (ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ); ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵖⵔⵉⵡ ⴷ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⵏⵥⴹⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ.
ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵍⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ, ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⵜ, ⵔⵉⴱⴰⴱ... ⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ.
ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ
[edit | edit source]ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ[6][7][8] ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏⵖ ⵏⵥⴹⴰⵔ ⴰ ⵏⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵥⴰⵢⴰⵏ. ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵜⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵎⵔⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵊⵓⵀⵏ ⵎⴰⵣⵍ (ⵊⴻⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵣⴻⵍ) ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ.
ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵍⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ "ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ, ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵎⵓⵏ". ⵏⵣⵣⴹⴰⵕ ⴰ ⵏⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ. ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴼⵔⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⴼⵉ, ⴰⵖⵓⴷⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵔⵔⴻⵔ.
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ⵛⵔⵉⴼⴰ ⴽⴰⵔⵙⵉⵜ, ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵜ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ
ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ :
[edit | edit source]ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ[9][10][11] (ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵉ ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⴼ ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵥⴰⵢⴰⵏ. ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵣ (ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵣ) ⴳ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ, ⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴳ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ. ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵏ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ. ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ "ⵉⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵏⴹⴹⴰⵎⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴷ ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵣ".
ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵄⵎⵕ ⴷ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵛⵛⵓ ⴷ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵃⴰⵜⵎ, ⴳ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ.
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ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⴰⵇⵇⴱⵓⵕ
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ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ, ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ
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ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ
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ⴰⵏⵎⵖⵓⵕ, ⵍⵎⴰⵢⵙⵜⵕⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵎⵃⴰ ⵓ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⵛⵉⴱⴰⵏ
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ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⵙⵉⵏⵜ
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ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵚⴼⵕⵓ
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ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵎⴰⵙ.
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ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵉⵏ ⴼⵏⴷⵍ.
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ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵃⴷⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵉⵎⵉⵍⵛⵉⵍ.
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ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵄⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵓⵃ.
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ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ.
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ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⴱⵓⴳⵎⵎⴰⵣ
ⵜⴰⵖⵣⵣⴰⴼⵜ[12]
[edit | edit source]ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ : ⵜⴰⵖⵣⵣⴰⴼⵜ (ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⴰⵡⵛⵜ ) ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ, ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔⵉⴳ ⵉⴼⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ.
ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ[13]
[edit | edit source]ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ : ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵉⴳ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵣⵣⵍⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ.
ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵔⵔⵃⵜ[14]
[edit | edit source]ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ : ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵔⵔⵃⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵉⴳ ⵉⴼⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ.
ⴳ.ⵜ : ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵣ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵀⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ.
ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ
[edit | edit source]ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ[15][16][17] ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵜⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵉⴳ, ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵔⵉⴳ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵍⴰ, ⵣⵄⵎⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵉⴳ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵍⴰ. ⴰⵀⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵀⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵉⴳ.
ⴳ.ⵜ : ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵉⴳ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵍⴰ. (َⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ[18][19][20])
ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ (ⵏⵥⴹⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵏⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ) ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴳ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ (ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⵎⵥⵥⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ), ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⴳ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ (ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵃⴷⵓⵜⵏⵜ ⵏⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⵡⴰⵃⴷⵓⵜⵏ). ⴳ ⵓⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵙ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵓⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴳⴳⵓⴷⵉⵏ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴷⵉⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵃⵡⴰⵛ : ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⴳⴰ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏⵙⵏ.
ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ, ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵍⴰ ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ.
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ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵡⴰⵛ
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵡⵜ
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵙⴰ
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵔⵜ
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⴰⵡⵍⵓⵣ.
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵡⵜ.
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵣⴰⵣⴰⵜ.
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵍⵍⴼⵜ.
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵊⵍⵜ
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵏⵉⵜ
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⴰⴳⴷⵣ
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ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⴱⴰⵄⵎⵔⴰⵏ.
ⵍⵄⴰⵎⵎⵜ
[edit | edit source]ⵍⵄⴰⵎⵎⵜ[21] ⵓⵍⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⵜⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⴷ ⵓⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ, ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ, ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ. ⵍⵄⴰⵎⵎⵜ ⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⴼⴹⵡⴰⴽ.
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ⵍⵄⴰⵎⵎⵜ ⵉⵏⴼⴹⵡⴰⴽ ⴷⵎⵏⴰⵜ ⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⵉ
ⵜⴰⵏⴹⴹⴰⵎⵜ
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ⵜⴰⵏⴹⴹⴰⵎⵜ[22] ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵉⵣⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ, ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴹⴹⴰⵎⵜ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ. ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴹⴰⵎⵜ ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵖ ⵏⵙ "ⴰⵏⴹⴹⴰⵎ", ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏⵙ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏⵙ "ⵏⵏⴹⵎ".
ⴳ ⵜⵏⴹⴹⴰⵎⵜ ⵓⵔ ⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴰⵀⵢⵢⴰⴷ (ⵛⵛⵟⵃ), ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ. ⵉⵣⵣⴹⴰⵕ ⵓⵏⴹⴹⴰⵎ ⴰ ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵔⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵉⵏⴳⵔⴰⵜⵙⵏ.
ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ
[edit | edit source]ⴰⵥⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ, ⵉⴱⴰⵏⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⴳⴳⵓⵔⴰ. ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ ⵉⴱⴰⵏⴷ ⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⵎⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ : ⵄⴰⵍⵉ ⴼⴰⵢⵇ, ⵊⵓⴱⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵊⴰ, ⵜⵉⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵔⵔⴰⴱ, ⵉⴷⵉⵔ, ⵄⵎⵎⵓⵔⵉ ⵎⴱⴰⵔⴽ ...
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ⵉⴷⵉⵔ
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ⵄⵎⵎⵓⵔⵉ ⵎⴱⴰⵔⴽ
ⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ[23][24]
[edit | edit source]- ⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ : ⵛⵓⵎⵎⴻⵏⵛⴻⵔ
- ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ : ⵛⵍⴰⵙⵙⵉⵇⵓⴻ
- ⴰⵣⵣⵉⴳⵣ : éⴼⵓⵍⵓⵜⵉⵓⵏ
- ⵥⵍⵉ : êⵜⵔⴻ ⴷⵉⴼⴼéⵔⴻⵏⵜ
- ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ : ⵏⵓⵎⴱⵔⴻ
- ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ : ⴱⵓéⵙⵉⴻ
- ⴰⵖⵓⴷⵉ : ⵙⵓⵓⴼⴼⵔⴰⵏⵛⴻ
- ⴰⵎⵔⵔⴻⵔ : ⵔéⵊⵓⵓⵉⵙⵙⴰⵏⵛⴻ
- ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵣ : ⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵏⵙⴻ
- ⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ : ⵜⵔⵉⴱⵓⵙ
- ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵉⴳ : ⵛⵀⴰⵏⵜ
- ⴰⵀⵢⵢⴰⴹ : ⴷⴰⵏⵙⴻ ⴻⵏ ⴳⵔⵓⵓⴱⴻ
- ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ : ⴷéⴱⵓⵜ
- ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ : ⵍⴰ ⴼⵉⵏ
ⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ
[edit | edit source]- ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵢⴰⵍⴽⴰⵎ : وسائل التواصل
ⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ
[edit | edit source]ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
[edit | edit source]- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210103122850/https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/lexieam.php
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210103122850/https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/lexieam.php
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210103122850/https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/lexieam.php
- ↑ '''ⵜⴰⵢⵢⴱ ⴰⵎⴳⵔⵓⴷ''' : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dfXh2yCn0xg
- ↑ https://www.google.com/search?q=Tagruppit&oq=Tagruppit&aqs=chrome..69i57j0i13l6j69i60.2797j1j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
- ↑ https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamawayt
- ↑ https://www.google.com/search?q=Tamawayt&oq=Tamawayt&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l2j0i30l2j69i60l3.2632j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Tamawayt
- ↑ ⴰⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⵉⵏⴳⵔ ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hYUfPLZ8fg
- ↑ https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahidous
- ↑ http://www.ich.gov.jo/sites/default/Afaylus/ldllt_lsymyyy.pdf
- ↑ http://www.ich.gov.jo/sites/default/Afaylus/ldllt_lsymyyy.pdf
- ↑ http://www.ich.gov.jo/sites/default/Afaylus/ldllt_lsymyyy.pdf
- ↑ http://www.ich.gov.jo/sites/default/Afaylus/ldllt_lsymyyy.pdf
- ↑ https://www.google.com/search?q=tahidoust&oq=Tahidoust&aqs=chrome.0.69i59j0l3j46j69i60l2j69i61.3125j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Tahidoust
- ↑ ⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ, ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ : http://www.ich.gov.jo/sites/default/Afaylus/ldllt_lsymyyy.pdf
- ↑ ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ 3 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmUXMrAcLzg
- ↑ ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ 2 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4xCIXXTDChU
- ↑ ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵃⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜ : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-S0k8ChL_UQ
- ↑ https://www.google.com/search?q=l3amt&sxsrf=ALeKk02fO7uXIXoO8dlkpVZZpUY9AUkzZg:1626431592390&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj-78LqsefxAhUp5uAKHQ7qByIQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1176&bih=579
- ↑ https://www.google.com/search?q=Tanddamt&sxsrf=ALeKk021dQiDYZZO32B3IaxOlfxY42VuJw:1626553817618&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiW8IaU-erxAhWIHRQKHbpCC9EQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1176&bih=579
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Tagroupit
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210103122850/https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/lexieam.php