DK1827433T4 - A composition comprising at least three different diols - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition comprising at least 3 different diols, wherein said diols have the general structure (CH2)nH202, wherein n is the number of CH2 and being between 3 to 10, in a total amount of from about 0.1 to about 50 % (v/v), a method for producing the composition and its use, such as in therapy. The composition may be a pharmaceutical, cosmetic, antimirobial or preservative composition. The composition is useful in inactivating microorganisms or preventing their growth.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Microbes may be inactivated in different ways depending on the purpose for inactivating them. The approach differs depending on whether the purpose is to prevent growth of microorganisms, to inhibit further growth or to reduce and eliminate the microorganism. Additionally the approach differs depending on where the microorganism is located such as in a liquid, on a surface, within a mammalian body etc. However, there are certain conditions which need to be fulfilled which are independent of the criteria mentioned above. In addition to being highly effective, the composition to be used should be non-toxic, non-allergenic, environmentally friendly and possible to manufacture at reasonable cost.

[0003] One example of such an agent is propane-1,2-diol (propylene glycol), which is the only diol widely used to inactivate microorganisms in dermatology. In addition, pentane-1,5-diol has been used as a component in topical pharmaceutical compositions, where it has been shown to increase the percutaneous absorption of active substances more efficiently than propane-1,2-diol. The water binding capacity of pentane-1,5-diol is largely comparable to that of propane-1,2-diol, but it penetrates more efficiently into the deepest parts of stratum corneum of the skin. In addition, pentane-1,5-diol is cosmetically attractive, presents a low risk for skin and eye irritation compared to other diols, has low toxicity and is odourless.

[0004] WO 03/035021 discloses a topical composition for skin care or administration of a pharmacologically active agent in form of a lotion, cream or similar that comprises from 5 % to 70 % by weight of pentane-1,5-diol in a cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

[0005] Multi-resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is becoming more and more common, In the health sector there is today a mounting concern worldwide regarding the future use of traditional antimicrobials. Alternative methods and approaches have to be used to manufacture affective antimicrobial agents. PCT/SE2004/001001 discloses the in-vitro effect of pentane-1,5-diol against both antibiotic sensitive and multi-resistant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Pentane-1,5-diol was highly effective with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) in the range of 5 to 12.5 % against both sensitive as well as multi-resistant aerobic bacteria. The exact mechanism of inhibitory action is unknown; possibly pentane-1,5-diol withdraws water from the bacterial cytoplasma, which makes the cell collapse. Importantly, it seems to be difficult for bacteria to develop resistance against pentane-1,5-diol. The high antimicrobial activity against multi-resistant bacteria has made pentane-1,5-diol an interesting agent for topical antimicrobial therapy in humans and animals, [0006] The use of 2-methyl-pentane-2,4-diol in pharmaceutical compositions for transdermal delivery is disclosed in US 4855294 A, US 5026556 A, US 5041439 A, 6271219 B1.

[0007] WO 03/069994 discloses use of mixtures of two, three or more unbranched 1,2-alkane diols as antimicrobial substances. The scientific publication by Faergemann J: "The in-vitro antimyocotic activity of Propane-1,2-diol, 2-Methyl-2,4-Pentanediol, Alclometasone dipropionate cream, and Essex® cream with the addition of Propane-1,2-diol against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Candida albicans, Trichophoton rubrum and Pityrosporum orbiculare", Current Therapeutic Research vol. 43, no. 3, 1988, pages 547-551, discloses the in vitro antimycotic activity of propane-1,2-diol (propylene glycol), 2-methyl- 2,4-pentanediol (hexylene glycol), aclometasone dipropionate cream, and Essex® cream with the addition of propane-1,2-diol against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epldermldls, Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, and Pityrosporum orbiculare. US 5,369,129 discloses a preparation for topical treatment of infections caused by virus, bacteria and fungi, said preparation contains pentane diol or hexane diol as active substance.

[0008] However, there is an increasing medical need to identify new antimicrobial compositions, which can be effectively used to inactivate microorganisms. In particular there is a growing list of microorganisms, such as bacteria, virus and fungi, which become resistant to antibiotics. Additionally, there is an increasing population of individuals becoming allergenic against a variety of antibiotics or preservative components used in antibiotic preparations, which also demands that novel compositions are developed which can be used as alternatives to conventional technologies.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The invention relates to a composition, such as a antimicrobial composition having improved properties such as being highly effective, non toxic, non allergenic, environmentally friendly and possible to manufacture at reasonable costs. By combining, specific different diols, it has surprisingly been found that it is possible to reduce/inhibit the growth of microorgnaisms to a higher extent compared to when the diols was used alone or combinations of similar diols.

[0010] The present invention relates to a composition comprising at least 3 different diols, wherein said diols are 2-methyl-pentane-2,4-diol, propane-1,2-diol, and pentane-1,5-diol, in a total amount of from 0.1 to 50 % (v/v).

[0011] Additionally, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, diluent, excipient, carrier or adjuvant and the antimicrobial composition.

[0012] Additionally the invention relates to a cosmetic or a preservative composition.

[0013] Accordingly, the invention relates to the use of the composition, the pharmaceutical composition, the cosmetic composition, the antimicrobial composition or the preservative composition.

[0014] Additionally, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a composition comprising the steps of; providing at least 3 different diols, adding a liquid or solid agent, mixing and obtaining a composition having a total amount of from about 0.1 to about 50 % (v/v) of the diols.

[0015] Finally, the invention relates to a method of treating an antimicrobial infection comprising administering to a patient a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition as mentioned above.

[0016] By providing such a new composition, having such a broad use such as being an antimicrobial composition the list of compounds useful for inactivating microorganisms will be increased. Additionally, due to the unique properties (i.e., being able to inactivate more than one microorganism) the new invented antimicrobial composition will be suitable in cases were there is a need for inactivating more than one microorganism. Accordingly the invented compositions, shows an increased effect compared to other combinations of diols or when one and the same diol is used alone. It has also been found that by using the unique combination of diols as defined above it is possible to use a lower concentration of the different diols.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] In the context of the present invention the following definitions apply:

The term "inactivate" is intended to mean that the antimicrobial composition is capable of preventing and/or inhibiting and/or eliminating and/or reducing the amount of living microorganism.

[0018] The term "pharmaceutically active agent" is intended to mean any active agent, which could be used to treat a disorder or a disease. Examples are cortisone, antimicrobial agents, immuno modulating agents and acne agents.

ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOSITION

[0019] The present invention relates to a composition comprising at least 3 different diols, wherein said diols are 2-methyl-pentane-2,4-diol , propane-1,2-diol, and pentane-1,5-diol, in a total amount of from 0.1 to 50 % (v/v). Other diols may be selected from the group consisting of propane-1,3-diol, butane-1,2-diol, butane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, 2-methylpropane-1,2-diol, 2-methylpropane -1,3-diol, pentane-1,2-diol, pentane-1,3-diol, pentane-1,4-diol, pentane-2,3-diol, pentane-2,4-diol, , hexane-1,2-diol, hexane-1,3-diol, hexane-1,4-diol, hexane-1,5-diol, hexane-1,6-diol, hexane-2,3-diol, hexane-2,4-diol, hexane-2,5-diol, hexane-3,4-diol, heptane-1,2-diol, heptane-1,3-diol, heptane-1,4-diol, heptane-1,5-diol, heptane-1,6-diol, heptane-1,7-diol, heptane-2,3-diol, heptane-2,4-diol, heptane-2,5-diol, heptane-2,6-diol, heptane-3,4-diol, heptane-3,5-diol, octane-1,2-diol, octane-1,3-diol, octane-1,4-diol, octane-1,5-diol, octane-1,6-diol, octane-1,7-diol, octane-1,8-diol, octane-2,3-diol, octane-2,4-diol, octane-2,5-diol, octane-2,6-diol, octane-2,7-diol, octane-3,4-diol, octane-3,5-diol, octane-3,6-diol and octane-4,5-diol such as a group consisting of diols having a length of from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, such from the group consisting of 2-methyl-pentane- 2,4-diol, propane-1,2-diol, pentane-1,5-diol and .butane-1,3-diol. One example being a mixture of 2-methyl-pentane-2,4-diol, propane-1,2-diol and pentane-1,5-diol.

[0020] The composition may contain at least 4 or 5 different diols.

[0021] The stereochemistry of the diols is not important to the present invention, and enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers and racemic mixtures of diols may all be used with good results. Indeed, the requirement that the diols be "different" should be understood to mean that they differ in the connectivity of the atoms (regioisomerism) and not in whether they are e.g. R/S or +/-.

[0022] Additionally the composition may comprise at least 4 or 5 different diols. If the composition is used as an antimicrobial composition the number of the diols is depending on which microbe is to be inactivated. The diols may be present in an amount of from about 0.25-50 % v/v, such as from about 0.25 to about 20 % v/v. For example 0.25, 0.5, 1,2, 3, 4,5 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 %v/v.

[0023] The percentages given in this text should be understood as amounts calculated on a volume/volume basis.

[0024] Additionally, the composition may comprise at least one additional component such as an alcohol, for example ethanol.

[0025] Accordingly, the composition if it is to be used as an antimicrobial composition, comprises an additional agent or mixture of agents, such as one or more antimicrobial agents. Examples of such agents are fusidic acid, gentamycin, neomycin, allylamines, ciclopirox, amorolfine, nystatin, amphotericin, i.e., antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agents, such as imidazoles, acyclovir, and vectavir.

[0026] The composition of the invention may take the form of a liquid, semi-liquid or solid disinfectant preparation, a bacteriostatic solution, lotion, cream, soap, shampoo, ointment, paste, wet towel, hygiene dish, patch, diaper or similar personal hygiene article. One form of the composition is a topical composition useful for all kind of topical administration, including dry skin repair, treatment of different disorders including microbial ones as well as applied to mucous membranes such as the membranes of the eye and the ear. The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above-defined composition, including a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, diluent, excipient, carrier or adjuvant [0027] Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention are typically administered in a composition that includes one or more pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants or excipients. Such pharmaceutical compositions may be prepared in a manner known in the art and are sufficiently storage-stable and suitable for administration to humans and animals.

[0028] "Pharmaceutically acceptable" means an adjuvant or excipient that - at the dosage and concentrations employed - does not cause any unwanted effects in the patients to whom it is administered. Such pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients are well-known in the art (see Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th edition, A.R Gennaro, Ed., Mack Publishing Company (1990) and handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, 3rd edition, A. Kibbe, Ed., Pharmaceutical Press (2000).

[0029] The pharmaceutical compositions may be subjected to conventional pharmaceutical operations such as sterilisation and/or may contain conventional adjuvants such as preservatives, stabilisers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, buffers, fillers, etc., such as disclosed herein.

[0030] The pharmaceutical composition according to the invention may be administered topically such as ointments, lotions, pastes, creams, gels, talc, sprays, solutions and emulsions. The ointments, iotions, creams and gels can contain, in addition to the antimicrobial agent or agents, excipients such as animal and vegetable fats, waxes, paraffins, starch, tragacanth, cellulose derivatives, polyethylene glycols, silicons, bentonites, silicic acid, talc and zinc oxide or mixtures of these substances. Talc and sprays can contain, in addition to the antimicrobial agent or agents, excipients such as lactose, talc, silica acid, aluminium hydroxide, calcium silicate and polyamide powders or mixtures thereof. Sprays may also contain propellants such as chloroflourohydrocarbons. Solutions and emulsions may contain excipients such as solvents, solubilising agents and emulsifiers such as water, ethyl alcohol, isopropylalcohol, ethylcarbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene alcohol, dimethylformamide, oils such as cottonseed oil, groundnut oil, corn germ oil, olive oil, castor oil and sesame oil, glycerol, glycerol formal, tetrahydrofurfuyl alcohol, polyethylene glycols and fatty acid esters such as sorbitan or mixtures thereof.

[0031] The pharmaceutical composition will be administered to a patient in a pharmaceutically effective dose. By "pharmaceutically effective dose" is meant a dose that is sufficient to produce the desired effects in relation to the condition for which it is administered. The exact dose is dependent on the, activity of the compound, manner of administration, nature and severity of the disorder, age and body weight of the patient, and different doses may be needed. The administration of the dose can be carried out both by single administration in the form of an individual dose unit or by several smaller dose units or by multiple administration of subdivided doses at specific intervals.

[0032] The pharmaceutical composition of the invention may be administered alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents. These agents may be incorporated as part of the same pharmaceutical composition.

[0033] The "patient" for the purposes of the present invention includes both humans and other mammal. Thus the methods are applicable to both human therapy and veterinary applications.

[0034] The invention also relates to a cosmetic composition or in topical formulations comprising the antimicrobial composition as defined above and a gel, cream, ointment, suspension, aerosol, paste, powder, lotion.

[0035] The invented composition, pharmaceutical composition, cosmetic composition, antimicrobial composition or preservative composition can be used to inactivate microorganisms selected from the group consisting of gram positive and gram negative bacteria, fungi, including yeasts, moulds and dermatophytes and virus. Examples include but are not limited to Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococci, gram negative rodes, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Malassezla, M. furfur, the mould Aspergillus flavus and the dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Epldermophyton floccusum, Mlcrosporum canls, papilloma virus, herpes virus and pox virus. Other useful uses are repair of dry skin.

[0036] The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a composition as defined above comprising the steps of; providing at least 3 different diols as mentioned above, adding a liquid or solid agent, mixing and obtaining a composition, such as an antimicrobial composition having a total amount of from about 0.1 to about 50 (v/v)of the diols.

[0037] Accordingly, the invention relates to a method of treating an antimicrobial infection comprising administering to a patient a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition as defined above.

[0038] Finally, the invention relates to use of the above, mentioned diols as a preservative, without use of other preservatives such as parabenes, sodium lauryl sulphate, sorbic acid etc. A preservative may be used, for example, in contact lens solutions, shampoo, tooth paste, liquid soap, washing solutions, creams, ointments, pasta or cleaning solutions.

[0039] Following examples are intended to illustrate but not to limit the invention in any manner, shape, or form, either explicitly or implicitly.

[0040] Material and methods.

[0041] Microorganisms. Staphylococcus aureus number 515x6352 and Candida albicans FI 29 were obtained from the Collection in the Department of Microbiology, Sahlgrenska University Fbspital, Gothenburg, Sweden. The isolates were maintained on blood agar at 37° C. M.sympodialis CBS 7222 and M.globosa CBS 7966 [0042] Compounds. Propane-1,2-diol, pentane-1,5-diol and 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol and butan-1,3-diol were obtained from Merck Schuchardt, Hohenbrunn, Germany in a purity of 98 to 98.5 %.

Example 1 [0043] Test for bacteriostatic effect (MIC = minimal inhitory concentration).

[0044] Each of the diols and their combination (1:1:1 volume/volume) was diluted directly with the test culture medium, Diagnostic Sensitivity test agar (DST) (Oxoid, UK) to obtain concentrations, in the test medium, of 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, and 12 % volume percent of the respective diol and of 2, 3, and 4 % of the respective diol in the combination.

[0045] S. aureus cells were added to the agar medium in concentrations of 103 and 105 cells/ml while C. albicans cells were added in a concentration of 10® cells/ml and M.sympodialis and M.globosa in a concentration of 10^ cells/ml. Plates were incubated at 37° C and analysed after 1 and 2 days. Each experiment was repeated. MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) was defined as the lowest concentration that totally inhibited growth. The MICs for propane-1 2-diol, pentane-1 ,5-diol, 2-methyl pentane-2,4-diol.

[0046] The combination of 3 % of each of the 3 diols completely inhibited the growth of s. aureus and a combination of 2 % completely inhibited the growth of C. albicans and a concentration of 0.5 % completely inhibited the growth of M.sympodialis and M.globosa. With a combination of 4 diols a combination of 2 % completely inhibited the growth of S aureus and a combination of 1 % completely inhibited the growth of C. albicans and a concentration of 0.25 % completely inhibited the growth of M.sympodialis and M.globosa. For S. aureus, the same activity was only obtained with a total of 12 % pentane-1 ,5-diol and 2-methylpentane- 2,4-diol when they were tested alone. Propane-1 ,2-diol, butane-1 ,3-diol and ethanol were not able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus, even at 12 %.

Example 2

Preparation of a bacteriostatic topical pharmaceutical composition [0047] A mixture of equal amount of propane-1,2-diol + pentane-1,5-diol + 2-methyl pentane-2,4-diol were mixed with the Essex® cream base (Schering Plough) to a final concentration of 2 or 3 %.

REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.

Patent documents cited in the description • SE2004001001W Γ0005Ί • US4855294A [0006] • US6271219B1 [0006] • US5369129Å [0007]

Non-patent literature cited in the description • FAERGEMANN JThe in-vitro antimyocotic activity of Propane-1,2-diol, 2-Methyl-2,4-Pentanediol, Alclometasone dipropionate cream, and Essex® cream with the addition of Propane-1,2-diol against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Candida albicans, Trichophoton rubrum and Pityrosporum orbiculareCurrent Therapeutic Research, 1988, vol. 43, 3547-551 [00071 • Remington's Pharmaceutical SciencesMack Publishing Companyl 9900000 [0028] • handbook of Pharmaceutical ExcipientsPharmaceutical Press20000000 [0028]

Claims (13)

A composition comprising at least three different diols wherein the diols are selected from the group consisting of 2-methyl-pentane-2,4-diol, propane-1,2-diol and pentan-1,5-diol, in a total amount from 0.1 to 50% (v / v). The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises at least four or five diols. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the diols are present in an amount of from 0.25 to 50% (v / v). A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the diols are present in an amount of from 0.25 to 20% (v / v). The composition of claim 5, wherein the diols are present in an amount of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20% (v / v). A composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises an additional antimicrobial agent selected from the group consisting of antibacterial, antiviral or antifungal agents. The composition of claim 7, wherein the antimicrobial mites are selected from the group consisting of fusidic acid, gentamycin, neomycin, allylamines, ciclopirox, amorolfine, nystatin, amphotericin, imidazoles, acyclovir and vectavir. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises one or more alcohols. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, diluent, binder, carrier or adjuvant, and the composition of any preceding claim. A cosmetic composition comprising the composition of any one of claims 1-8. A preservative composition comprising the composition of any one of claims 1-8. An antimicrobial composition comprising the composition of any one of claims 1-8. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is in an ointment, lotion, paste, cream, gel, talc, spray, solution, emulsion, soap, shampoo, wet napkin, hygiene bowl, piece or diaper.