As global inequalities embedded in systems of power, capital, and market‐oriented goals widen divides within countries around the world, flexible pools of labor emerge along with employer demands for cheap, disposable workers. But what leads some countries to impose stringent border and internal immigration controls in an era of transnational connectivity? In this chapter we explore global trends in the securitization of immigration, along with the long‐term and short‐term consequences in sending and receiving countries.

Research on LGBTQ people of color is a developing area in criminology and criminal justice, and holds critical insights regarding these individuals’ lived experiences. This chapter reviews existing interdisciplinary literature on important issues such as patterns of victimization, offending, and juvenile or criminal justice system contact, as well as the factors that lead to each. Intersections of race/ethnicity and sexual orientation/gender identity are particularly salient. Information is presented on both US and global contexts. The chapter also discusses the definitional, theoretical, and methodological challenges in pursuing research with queer populations, and provides suggestions for how to overcome barriers in order to produce meaningful scholarship.

Asian American youths have received little attention in the literature of race/ethnicity and juvenile delinquency. As Asian American has become one of the fastest growing populations in the United States, it is more important than ever to understand the prevalence, correlates, causes, and consequences of crime and delinquency among this population. In this state‐of‐the‐art review, we take stock of the limited but expanding research on juvenile delinquency among Asian Americans, assess the ways researchers have sought to understand Asian American adolescents’ delinquent behaviors, discuss the challenges and opportunities in this field, and provide recommendations for future research. Some of the salient factors and themes in our understanding of Asian criminality include immigration status, stage of acculturation, youth group affiliation, education, and influences of familial networks. Asians as an ethnic designation presents complex challenges as well as intriguing questions to the research community, ranging from perplexing differences across different Asian groups and stereotypes of the Asian minority in mainstream America.

In this chapter, I address some of the key dimensions in the offending and criminal justice experiences of Black women. I begin by highlighting the value of taking an intersectional approach to studying crime and justice issues, and the value in understanding the lives of Black women. I briefly touch on patterns of offending and criminal justice system involvement. I then turn to a discussion of two key life dimensions that influence and are influenced by criminal justice system involvement of Black women: relationships and employment. In the final section, I briefly discuss a few theoretical and methodological challenges in conducting research on Black women's criminal justice system involvement and possible solutions to these challenges.

This chapter examines common theoretical approaches used in contemporary race, ethnicity, crime, and criminal justice research. A review of recent race, ethnicity, and crime research reveals that much of this literature continues to rely on traditional theory in explaining the race/ethnicity–crime connection; however, there are new areas that focus on emerging areas of critical race theory and intersectional approaches. Theoretical approaches common in contemporary research are outlined and discussed. Recommendations for future directions for race, ethnicity, crime, and justice research are discussed with a focus on theoretical advances that require further refinement or that have been underutilized in this research.

In this chapter, we examine the relationships between community factors and aggravated assault. An explicit focus is on examining whether the predictors, derived from social disorganization theory, have similar or different effects on intimate and non‐intimate assaults. Additionally, we consider whether the community‐level factors predictive of violence are the same (i.e., racially and ethnically invariant) for non‐Latino Whites, non‐Latino Blacks and Latinos. To do so, we use the annual average number of intimate and non‐intimate total and racial/ethnic‐specific aggravated assault victimizations in the city of Miami, Florida. The results, obtained from negative binomial regression analyses with corrections for spatial autocorrelation, indicate that the community‐level predictors of intimate and non‐intimate assaults are similar, although not identical. In addition, there were both similarities and differences in predictors of violence across racial and ethnic groups. Implications of the findings are discussed.

The prison town is a nonmetropolitan municipality that has secured a contract and constructed a prison for federal, state, or private operators. It is an important site to explore the confluence of criminal justice expansion, racialized social systems, and neighborhood change on the political economy of rural communities. The prison town is also a key site to explore the causes and consequences of the prison boom. There is just a handful of studies on prison towns, and even fewer have used in depth ethnography. In addition to the ethnographer's observations and insight from subjects, there is much to learn from fieldwork. Some have demonstrated how the ethnographer's position influences their view of the site and shapes access to the subjects. Here, I flip this question on its head by asking how a subject's perception of the ethnographer, and a researcher's interactions in the site, reveal local culture and structural characteristics.