AbstractAbstract
[en] In this study, we developed a radiomic signature for the classification of benign lipid-poor adenomas, which may potentially help clinicians limit the number of unnecessary investigations in clinical practice. Indeterminate adrenal lesions of benign and malignant nature may exhibit different values of key radiomics features. Patients who had available histopathology reports and a non-contrast-enhanced CT scan were included in the study. Radiomics feature extraction was done after the adrenal lesions were contoured. The primary feature selection and prediction performance scores were calculated using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). To eliminate redundancy, the best-performing features were further examined using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and new predictive models were created. This investigation covered 50 lesions in 48 patients. After LASSO-based radiomics feature selection, the test dataset's 30 iterations of logistic regression models produced an average performance of 0.72. The model with the best performance, made up of 13 radiomics features, had an AUC of 0.99 in the training phase and 1.00 in the test phase. The number of features was lowered to 5 after performing Pearson's correlation to prevent overfitting. The final radiomic signature trained a number of machine learning classifiers, with an average AUC of 0.93. Including more radiomics features in the identification of adenomas may improve the accuracy of NECT and reduce the need for additional imaging procedures and clinical workup, according to this and other recent radiomics studies that have clear points of contact with current clinical practice. The study developed a radiomic signature using unenhanced CT scans for classifying lipid-poor adenomas, potentially reducing unnecessary investigations that scored a final accuracy of 93%.
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Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-023-10090-8
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Garcia, Igor Fernando Modesto
Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Radioproteção e Dosimetria2024
Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Radioproteção e Dosimetria2024
AbstractAbstract
[en] How can the implementation of technologies derived from the Fourth Industrial Revolution be carried out in the field of metrology? What strategies can be employed to promote a new infrastructure for digital legal metrology, utilizing cloud computing resources to support compliance evaluation processes? How can we establish parameters for metrological validation in digital simulations of physical phenomena? To address these and other emerging challenges related to the digital revolution in metrology, various global projects have been conceived. This thesis aims to contribute to the resolution of these new challenges, focusing on the development of a conceptual model and application software for quality management and Calibration 4.0 applicable to ionizing radiation metrology. To achieve these objectives, an in-depth state-of-the-art study was conducted, including detailed mappings of the processes involved and the associated calibration risks. Furthermore, software specifically modeled and validated for use in ionizing radiation calibrations was developed. Among the main results achieved are the elaboration of conceptual models that address the impacts of Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies on ionizing radiation metrology and the creation of the Pandora IRTech software, which employs 4.0 technologies for management and calibration purposes. ln summary, the integration of conceptual models with software in laboratory quality management and calibration practices has resulted in a technologically advanced approach that has optimized metrological processes, increased operational efficiency, improved service compliance, and culminated in the issuance of the first digital calibration certificate model in the field of ionizing radiation metrology in Brazil. (author)
Original Title
Desenvolvimento de modelo conceitual com software de aplicação para gestão da qualidade e calibração 4.0
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2024; 84 p; Tese (Ph.D.)
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Miscellaneous
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Thesis/Dissertation
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[en] We present the first measurement of bioavailable strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and lead (206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb) isotope ratios from five cattle bones and one soil sample from Erenda, a Chalcolithic site in coastal east India. Bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr of bones differ from that of the soil. A similar Pb isotope ratio of bones to the soil indicates insignificant diagenesis and local origin of the cattle. Our result suggests a potential influence of marine Sr in modifying the bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr ratio, although the current coastline is 30 km from the site. The finding has implications in archaeological, geological, environmental and ecological research. (author)
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ARCEBS-2023: Application of RadiotraCers and Energetic Beams in Sciences (ARCEBS); Kushal Palli, Purulia (India); 31 Jan - 5 Feb 2023; 44 refs.
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Journal Article
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Conference
Journal
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry; ISSN 0236-5731;
; CODEN JRNCDM; v. 333(3); p. 1577-1584
Country of publication
ALKALINE EARTH ISOTOPES, ANIMALS, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BODY, DIMENSIONLESS NUMBERS, DOMESTIC ANIMALS, ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES, EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI, EVEN-ODD NUCLEI, HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, MAMMALS, NUCLEI, ORGANS, RADIOISOTOPES, RUMINANTS, SPECTROSCOPY, STABLE ISOTOPES, STRONTIUM ISOTOPES, VERTEBRATES
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Beek, Justine N. van der; Littooij, Annemieke S.; Schenk, Jens-Peter; Morosi, Carlo; Watson, Tom A.; Coma, Ana; Graf, Norbert; Welter, Nils; Chowdhury, Tanzina; Ramírez-Villar, Gema L.; Spreafico, Filippo; Dzhuma, Kristina; Tinteren, Harm van; Krijger, Ronald R. de; Heuvel-Eibrink, Marry M. van den2024
AbstractAbstract
[en] Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is the most common solid renal tumor in neonates. Therefore, patients <3 months of age are advised to undergo upfront nephrectomy, whereas invasive procedures at diagnosis in patients ≥3 months of age are discouraged by the International Society of Pediatric Oncology-Renal Tumor Study Group (SIOP-RTSG). Nevertheless, discriminating congenital mesoblastic nephroma, especially from the more common Wilms tumor, solely based on imaging remains difficult. Recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the preferred modality. Studies focusing on MRI characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma are limited. This study aims to identify diagnostic MRI characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma in the largest series of patients to date. In this retrospective multicenter study, five SIOP-RTSG national review radiologists identified 52 diagnostic MRIs of histologically proven congenital mesoblastic nephromas. MRI was performed following SIOP-RTSG protocols, while radiologists assessed their national cases using a validated case report form. Patients (24/52 classic, 11/52 cellular, and 15/52 mixed type congenital mesoblastic nephroma, 2/52 unknown) had a median age of 1 month (range 1 day-3 months). Classic type congenital mesoblastic nephroma appeared homogeneous with a lack of hemorrhage, necrosis and/or cysts, showing a concentric ring sign in 14 (58.3%) patients. Cellular and mixed type congenital mesoblastic nephroma appeared more heterogeneous and were larger (311.6 and 174.2 cm, respectively, versus 41.0 cm for the classic type (P<0.001)). All cases were predominantly T2-weighted isointense and T1-weighted hypointense, and mean overall apparent diffusion coefficient values ranged from 1.05-1.10×10 mm/s. This retrospective international collaborative study showed classic type congenital mesoblastic nephroma predominantly presented as a homogeneous T2-weighted isointense mass with a typical concentric ring sign, whereas the cellular type appeared more heterogeneous. Future studies may use identified MRI characteristic of congenital mesoblastic nephroma for validation and for exploring the discriminative non-invasive value of MRI, especially from Wilms tumor.
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Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-024-05918-4
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Bind, A. K.; Singh, R. N.
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai (India)2024
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai (India)2024
AbstractAbstract
[en] The tensile properties and fracture toughness of Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube materials manufactured for use in Indian PHWR220 and PHWR700 were evaluated. Tensile properties were evaluated between room temperature and 325℃ whereas fracture toughness was evaluated between room temperature and 300℃. The tensile strength was higher along transverse direction as compared to that for longitudinal direction. The anisotropy in tensile strength was correlated to the texture and microstructure of αgrains. The transverse fracture toughness was found to be lower than that for longitudinal counterpart, which is expected to be due to lower ductility in terms of % RA in longitudinal direction. The transverse fracture specimens exhibited buckling, which was due to lower longitudinal yield strength. It is advised to carry out the transverse fracture specimens testing using anti-buckling plates to get more accurate values of transverse fracture toughness. (author)
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Feb 2024; 46 p; 93 refs., 19 figs.
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[en] Developing a roadmap for the commercial deployment of nuclear hydrogen production provides a useful management tool for evaluating, planning and strategizing the development of nuclear hydrogen projects. This publication covers the role of the hydrogen economy in global decarbonization efforts, as well as the potential that nuclear energy has in supporting the production of hydrogen for which high increases in demand are predicted. This publication is intended for experts in hydrogen and decarbonization using hydrogen, interested Member States and stakeholders in nuclear hydrogen projects, including executives and strategic decision makers within utilities currently operating nuclear power plants, policymakers, and end-users.
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IAEA Nuclear Energy Series; (no.NR-G-4.1); 2024; 138 p; INIS-XA--24M1807; ISSN 1995-7807;
; International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Preprint; 225 refs., figs., tabs.
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Miscellaneous
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Preprint
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[en] Small modular reactors (SMRs) are technologies capable of harnessing the energy from nuclear fission reactions to produce heat and electricity with power outputs typically smaller than 300 MWe, with some as small as 1-10 MWe. SMRs are designed for modular manufacturing, factory production, portability and scalability. They also come in a variety of configurations and temperature ranges to create heat that can be used directly, or to generate electricity to decarbonise hard-to-abate sectors. The combination of these innovations presents additional potential benefits in terms of safety, operational and deployment flexibility, economics, as well as potentially spent fuel and waste management. The second edition of the NEA SMR Dashboard provides a comprehensive assessment of the progress made by SMR designers and companies worldwide. Looking beyond technical feasibility, the NEA SMR Dashboard assesses progress towards first-of-a-kind commercial deployment across six dimensions: licensing, siting, financing, supply chain, engagement and fuel. The NEA SMR Dashboard reveals substantial progress towards SMR deployment and commercialisation in NEA and non-NEA member countries, with a subset of designs in more advanced stages of commercialisation and deployment. For this second edition of the NEA SMR Dashboard the NEA’s comprehensive global review identified 98 SMR technologies around the world. Fifty-six SMRs are included in this edition of the NEA SMR Dashboard. The other 42 include approximately 7 that are under development and requested not to be included in the SMR Dashboard at this time but may be included in the future; the remainder include SMR technologies that are not under active development, may be without human or financial resources, or have been cancelled or paused indefinitely. The assessments in this edition of the SMR Dashboard are based on progress up to a cutoff date of 10 November 2023.
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2024; 188 p; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Refs., 42 figs.,11 tabs.
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[en] A range of diverse sites globally have been affected by past activities and events resulting in their contamination with residual radioactive material. As a result, there is a need to evaluate the site-specific radiological hazards and doses to people and the environment to determine whether remediation is justified and, if so, to develop and implement plans to address the situation. The IAEA has published a Generic Safety Guide (GSG-15) - Remediation Strategy and Process for Areas Affected by Past Activities or Events, which establishes a stepwise approach for the planning and implementation of remediation applying the principles of radiation protection. This publication presents the results generated from the modelling of case studies of sites contaminated with residual radioactive material from past activities and events within the Environmental Modelling for Radiation Safety (EMRAS II) programme to demonstrate the practical application of the stepwise remediation process presented in GSG-15.
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Jan 2024; 287 p; ISBN 978-92-0-154123-9;
; ISSN 1011-4289;
; Also available on-line: https://www.iaea.org/publications/15235/modelling-approaches-for-management-and-remediation-at-sites-affected-by-past-activities; Enquiries should be addressed to IAEA, Marketing and Sales Unit, Publishing Section, E-mail: sales.publications@iaea.org; Web site: http://www.iaea.org/books; 227 refs., 101 figs., 73 tabs.
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Jaravel, Xavier; Amiel, David; Le Gall, Arnaud; Valentin, Isabelle; Berthet, Martine; Raynal, Claude; Vermeillet, Sylvie; Laurent, Philippe; Sauvadet, Francois; Delga, Carole; Leguet, Benoit; Bouyoux, Philippe; L'Horty, Yannick; Martin, Patrick; Pauzat, Stephanie; Roy, Nathalie; Lecourt, Anne-Juliette; Menesplier, Sebastien; Dupuch, Sebastien; Blanc, Nicolas; Orosco, Francis; Bouvard, Michel; Lefebvre, Dominique; Moulin, Emmanuel; Houdebine, Michel; Lesueur, Thomas; Maillard, Sophie; Rosensweig, Agathe; Audenis, Cedric; Broca, Olivier de; Care, Gladys; Hermand, Eleonore; Senne, Valerie; Le Fur, Matthias; Montout, Sylvie; Bello, Constanza; Dubois, Julien; Juge, Marie; Lecornut, Tancrede; Naboulet, Antoine; Ramis, Morgane; Zbalah, Nassim
France Strategie, 20 avenue de Segur, TSA 90725, 75334 Paris Cedex 07 (France)2024
France Strategie, 20 avenue de Segur, TSA 90725, 75334 Paris Cedex 07 (France)2024
AbstractAbstract
[en] Created by the initial Finance Act for 2021, the Assessment committee of the 'France Relance' plan carries out an independent assessment of the socio-economic and environmental impact of the 'France Relance' plan, for which France Strategie provides the secretariat for the work, with the support of the administrations. The report comprises an opinion, a summary, a first volume examining the macroeconomic impact of the recovery plan as a whole, and a second volume containing 11 chapters devoted to various specific features of the plan. With a budget of 100 billion euros, the 'France Relance' plan was presented in September 2020, following consultation with the relevant stakeholders. It is structured around three pillars - 'Ecology', 'Competitiveness' and 'Cohesion', each of which accounts for around a third of the total. Parliament commissioned the committee to evaluate the France Relance plan, which was due to be rolled out between 2020 and 2022, and had a two-fold ambition. The first objective, cyclical, was to enable the economy to return to its pre-crisis level by summer 2022. The second objective was to improve the competitiveness of French companies and prepare all economic players for long-term challenges. The committee focused its work on the macroeconomic impact of the stimulus plan as a whole, and on a detailed analysis of the following measures, which account for 50% of the total budget: energy renovation of private housing, energy renovation of public buildings, support for demand for clean vehicles, decarbonization of industry, support for decarbonized hydrogen, investment in plant proteins, lower production taxes, support for investment and modernization of industry and support for the industry of the future, strengthening of equity capital, long-term partial activity, strengthening of the National Employment Fund-training scheme and the plan 'one young person, one solution'. Evaluating a 100 billion euro plan, comprising over a hundred measures which may interact, is a particularly complex exercise, even if we choose to focus on just a few of them. This report brings together the knowledge accumulated by the committee over the past three years, and includes ground-breaking results obtained from ex-post evaluations carried out by the Institute of Public Policy (IPP) and the French Observatory of Economic Conjunctures (OFCE) on microeconomic data. At the end of its work, the committee draws a number of conclusions. In particular, the short-term macroeconomic objective was achieved, but France Relance's specific contribution was a minority one; significant effects on employment were identified for the exceptional aid for apprenticeships and for measures to support construction and renovation of buildings; significant causal effects on avoided CO2 emissions were identified for the automobile bonus and for the support for decarbonization of industry
Original Title
Comite d'evaluation du Plan France Relance - Rapport final. Avis du comite et synthese. Volume I - Approche macroeconomique; Volume II - evaluation des dispositifs
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Jan 2024; 936 p; Available from the INIS Liaison Officer for France, see the INIS website for current contact and E-mail addresses
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