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Objective: To assess the effect of cognitive assessment on the functional outcome of stroke patients and quality of life for both patients and their carers. Design: A multicentre, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Setting and... more
Objective: To assess the effect of cognitive assessment on the functional outcome of stroke patients and quality of life for both patients and their carers. Design: A multicentre, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Setting and participants: Two hundred and twenty-eight stroke patients were recruited from hospital wards in three UK centres. Interventions: Patients were screened for cognitive impairment and randomly allocated to either routine care (116 patients) or routine care plus a detailed cognitive assessment (112 patients). Main outcome measures: Outcome was assessed three and six months after recruitment by an independent assessor blind to the intervention on Extended ADL, Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, General Health Questionnaire-28 for patients and carers and Carer Strain Index. Results: There was no signi”cant difference between the two groups in patients’ functional outcome, perceived cognitive ability, level of psychological distress or satisfaction with care....
Research Interests: Cognition, Medicine, Distress, Humans, Female, and 15 moreClinical, Male, Caregivers, Cognitive Assessment, General Health, Aged, General Health Questionnaire, Cognitive impairment, Patient Care Team, Cognitive Ability, Indexation, Clinical Rehabilitation, Cognition disorders, Medical and Health Sciences, and functional outcome
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Green prescribing is gaining in popularity internationally for the promotion of mental wellbeing. However, the evidence base is limited, particularly in young pregnant women, a population with known risk factors for anxiety and... more
Green prescribing is gaining in popularity internationally for the promotion of mental wellbeing. However, the evidence base is limited, particularly in young pregnant women, a population with known risk factors for anxiety and depression. The aim of this mixed-methods study was to provide insights into the availability, processes, and suitability of nature-based interventions for young pregnant women. First, an online mapping survey of nature-based activities in the East Midlands region of the United Kingdom (UK) was undertaken. Second, focus groups (n = 6) were conducted with nature activity providers and young mothers (n = 11). This study found there were many diverse nature-based activities available to promote mental wellbeing. The organisational challenges highlighted include a lack of sufficient funding for service provision and disappointing experiences with some green prescribing programmes. The young women felt that nature-based activities helped to promote their mental we...
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Background The aim of the study was to ascertain the views and experiences of those working in urgent and emergency care (UEC) settings towards screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) for alcohol, to inform future... more
Background The aim of the study was to ascertain the views and experiences of those working in urgent and emergency care (UEC) settings towards screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) for alcohol, to inform future practice. Objectives To explore i) views towards health promotion, ii) views towards and practice of SBIRT, iii) facilitators and barriers to delivering SBIRT, iv) training needs to support future SBIRT practice, and v) comparisons in views and attitudes between demographic characteristics, geographical regions, setting and occupational groups. Methods This was an open cross-sectional international survey, using an online self-administered questionnaire with closed and open-ended responses. Participants were ≥18 years of age, from any occupational group, working in urgent and emergency care (UEC) settings in any country or region. Results There were 362 respondents (aged 21–65 years, 87.8% shift workers) from 7 occupational groups including physici...
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Introduction: People with long-term conditions or recovering from serious injuries can struggle to return to work. The evidence for occupational therapy supporting return to work is limited. We aimed to identify and explain how... more
Introduction: People with long-term conditions or recovering from serious injuries can struggle to return to work. The evidence for occupational therapy supporting return to work is limited. We aimed to identify and explain how occupational therapy interventions work. Methods: Systematic review. Seven databases were searched between 1 January 1980 and 15 June 2022. Studies measuring work-related outcomes among individuals receiving occupational therapy during absence from paid work were included. Multiple reviewers independently contributed to screening, quality appraisal and data extraction processes. Data were analysed as a narrative. Results: Twenty studies with 3866 participants were included; 17 were assessed as having high risk of bias. Occupational therapy was inconsistently acknowledged affecting study identification and occupational therapy components were poorly described. Meta-analysis was unfeasible due to outcome heterogeneity. Individually tailored occupational therapy...
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BACKGROUND Mental health problems affect 1 in 6 workers annually and are one of the leading causes of sickness absence, with stress, anxiety, and depression being responsible for half of all working days lost in the United Kingdom.... more
BACKGROUND Mental health problems affect 1 in 6 workers annually and are one of the leading causes of sickness absence, with stress, anxiety, and depression being responsible for half of all working days lost in the United Kingdom. Primary interventions with a preventative focus are widely acknowledged as the priority for workplace mental health interventions. Line managers hold a primary role in preventing poor mental health within the workplace and, therefore, need to be equipped with the skills and knowledge to effectively carry out this role. However, most previous intervention studies have directly focused on increasing line managers’ understanding and awareness of mental health rather than giving them the skills and competencies to take a proactive preventative approach in how they manage and design work. The Managing Minds at Work (MMW) digital training intervention was collaboratively designed to address this gap. The intervention aims to increase line managers’ knowledge an...
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Employees with mental health problems often struggle to remain in employment. During the COVID-19 pandemic, these employees face multiple additional stressors, which are likely to worsen their mental health and work productivity.... more
Employees with mental health problems often struggle to remain in employment. During the COVID-19 pandemic, these employees face multiple additional stressors, which are likely to worsen their mental health and work productivity. Currently, it is unclear how to best support employees with mental health problems (and their managers) to improve wellbeing and productivity. We aim to develop a new intervention (MENTOR) that will jointly involve employees, managers, and a new professional (mental health employment liaison worker, MHELW), to help employees who are still at work with a mental health condition and currently receiving professional support for their mental health. A feasibility pilot study will then be undertaken to examine the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention from the perspective of employees and line managers. The study involves a feasibility randomised controlled study comparing outcomes of participants randomised to receive the intervention (MENTOR) with ...
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Research: Summaries of work relating to health psychology and Covid-19Workforce impacts of Covid-19 in the UKCovid-19: Investigating the relationship between coping strategies, happiness and wellbeingHealth-protective behaviour during the outbreak of Covid-19 in the UKCHARIS: Covid-19 Health and ...more
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Background Late diagnosis of HIV remains a challenge and the construction workforce has several risk factors for HIV. In the Test@Work programme, we delivered HIV tests embedded within a general health check to construction workers, with... more
Background Late diagnosis of HIV remains a challenge and the construction workforce has several risk factors for HIV. In the Test@Work programme, we delivered HIV tests embedded within a general health check to construction workers, with high uptake and acceptability. Here, we report the experiences of construction managers and health professionals involved in Test@Work and explore the suitability of construction worksites as a venue for opt-in HIV testing. Methods Qualitative interviews (n = 24) were conducted with construction managers who facilitated events (n = 13), and HIV/health check delivery partners (n = 11) at 21 Test@Work events held on construction sites. Interviews explored experiences of events and views towards workplace HIV testing. Event exit questionnaires (n = 107) completed by delivery partners provided qualitative data identifying facilitators and barriers to effective delivery. Thematic analysis identified themes that were mapped against a socioecological frame...
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BackgroundThe impact of emotion regulation (ER) interventions on mental health and wellbeing has been extensively documented in the literature, although only recently have digital technologies been incorporated in intervention design. The... more
BackgroundThe impact of emotion regulation (ER) interventions on mental health and wellbeing has been extensively documented in the literature, although only recently have digital technologies been incorporated in intervention design. The aim of this review is to explore available published literature relating to the efficacy, barriers and facilitators of digital technologies in enhancing emotion/mood regulation skills.MethodsA review of the literature was performed to explore the effectiveness of digital technology in enhancing ER skills. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to 31st August 2020. In addition, the first 10 pages of Google Scholar were examined for relevant articles. The following MeSH term and key words were used to identify relevant articles: “emotion regulation OR mood regulation” AND “intervention OR treatment OR program$ OR therap$” AND “digital technologies OR web-based OR mobile application OR App.” Reference lists...
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Aims: Development and rollout of vaccines offers the best opportunity for population protection against the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus. However, hesitancy towards the vaccines might impede successful uptake in the United Kingdom,... more
Aims: Development and rollout of vaccines offers the best opportunity for population protection against the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus. However, hesitancy towards the vaccines might impede successful uptake in the United Kingdom, particularly in young adults who demonstrate the highest rates of hesitancy. This prospective study explored COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in young adults and whether the reasons behind these attitudes changed during the initial stages of the United Kingdom’s vaccine rollout. Method: Data on vaccination intention were collected from a British university student cohort at three time points: October 2020, February 2021, and March 2021. This online survey included items on intention to receive a vaccine and a free-text response for the reasons behind this intention. Cochran’s Q tests examined changes in rates of hesitancy and acceptance over time and free-text responses were analysed thematically. Results: At baseline, 893 students provided data, with 476 partic...
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Background Psychological factors can influence susceptibility to viral infections. We examined whether such influences are evident in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods Participants (n = 102)... more
Background Psychological factors can influence susceptibility to viral infections. We examined whether such influences are evident in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods Participants (n = 102) completed measures of anxiety, depression, positive mood, and loneliness and provided a blood sample for the measurement of antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins. Results SARS-CoV-2 was significantly negatively associated with anxiety and depression. The model remained significant after adjustment for age and gender, although anxiety and depression were no longer significant independent predictors. Conclusions These findings offer early support for the hypothesis that psychological factors may influence susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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ObjectiveThis study examined the COVID-19 risk perceptions and mental health of university students on returning to campus in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsAn online survey was completed during the first four weeks of the... more
ObjectiveThis study examined the COVID-19 risk perceptions and mental health of university students on returning to campus in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsAn online survey was completed during the first four weeks of the academic year (October 2020) by 897 university students. The survey included demographics and measures of experiences of COVID-19 testing, self-isolation, shielding, perceived risk, mental health and indices capturing related psychological responses to the pandemic.ResultsWe observed higher levels of depression and anxiety, but not stress, in students compared with pre- pandemic normative data, but lower than levels reported earlier in the pandemic in other similar cohorts. Depression, anxiety and stress were independently associated with greater loneliness and reduced positive mood. Greater worry about COVID-19 was also independently associated with anxiety and stress. Female students and those with pre-existing mental health disorders were at greatest...
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Excessive alcohol consumption carries a significant health, social and economic burden. Screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is one approach to identifying patients with excessive alcohol consumption and... more
Excessive alcohol consumption carries a significant health, social and economic burden. Screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is one approach to identifying patients with excessive alcohol consumption and providing interventions to help them reduce their drinking. However, healthcare workers in urgent and emergency care settings do not routinely integrate SBIRT into clinical practice and raise a lack of training as a barrier to SBIRT delivery. Therefore, “Alcohol Prevention in Urgent and Emergency Care” (APUEC) training was developed, delivered, and evaluated. APUEC is a brief, stand-alone, multimedia, interactive digital training package for healthcare workers. The aim of APUEC is to increase positive attitudes, knowledge, confidence and skills related to SBIRT through the provision of (a) education on the impact of alcohol and the role of urgent and emergency care in alcohol prevention, and (b) practical guidance on patient assessment, delivery of brief a...
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Background Mental ill-health is prevalent in the construction industry, and workers in small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are at high risk. Knowledge about the implementation of mental health initiatives in construction SMEs is... more
Background Mental ill-health is prevalent in the construction industry, and workers in small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are at high risk. Knowledge about the implementation of mental health initiatives in construction SMEs is limited. Aims To explore enablers and barriers to implementing mental health initiatives within UK SME construction firms from the perspective of the business owners, directors and managers with responsibilities for workplace mental health. Methods Qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews conducted with company owners/managers with responsibilities for workforce mental health. Participants were sampled from construction SMEs in the UK. Results Eleven construction professionals were interviewed (10 men, 1 woman; aged 34–55 years, M = 40.6) representing UK SME construction firms that were micro (<10 employees, n = 8), small (<50 employees, n = 1) and medium (<250 employees, n = 2) sized organizations. Reflexive thematic analysis ge...
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Using technology to deliver psychosocial interventions such as reminiscence therapy (RT) to people with dementia may improve their mental health. Yet, establishing the feasibility of digital interventions in low‐ to middle‐income... more
Using technology to deliver psychosocial interventions such as reminiscence therapy (RT) to people with dementia may improve their mental health. Yet, establishing the feasibility of digital interventions in low‐ to middle‐income countries is still in the early stages. This study aimed to: (i) determine the feasibility of using digital touch screen technology to deliver RT among people with dementia living in Jordanian care homes; and (ii) compare study outcomes pre‐ and post‐reminiscence sessions to investigate whether specific outcomes are sensitive to change and explore the acceptability and experiences of the intervention.
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Additional file 4. Details of companies and sites visited.
Post intervention qualitative interview guide VOLUNTEERS. (DOC 33 kb)
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Post intervention qualitative interview guide PARENTS. (DOC 37 kb)
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Post intervention qualitative interview guide CLINIC HCPS. (DOC 34 kb)
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Background: A high proportion of pre-registered healthcare professionals do not achieve recommended daily levels of physical activity, and report barriers to exercise including high levels of stress. Aims: To assess the physical activity... more
Background: A high proportion of pre-registered healthcare professionals do not achieve recommended daily levels of physical activity, and report barriers to exercise including high levels of stress. Aims: To assess the physical activity levels of pre-registered nurses and medics and determine patterns of barriers and determinants of exercise participation. Methods: Online questionnaire survey was conducted with 361 pre-registered nursing (n=193) and medical students (n=168) at a teaching hospital site. Measures included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Benefits and Barriers to Exercise Scale, Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and Social Support for Exercise Scale. Results: Pre-registered nurses were less likely to be ‘active’ than pre-registered medics (35.8% compared to 47.7%). Medics perceived significantly greater benefits to exercise (nurses: M=85.06; SD=11.295; medics: M=87.18; SD=10.939) and fewer barriers to exercise (nurses: M=35.56;...
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Methods: 27 people (6 male, 21 female; aged 25-81 years) with knee osteoarthritis received 4 text messages per week, for 6 weeks and completed physical activity diaries. Telephone surveys were conducted at baseline and 6 weeks to measure... more
Methods: 27 people (6 male, 21 female; aged 25-81 years) with knee osteoarthritis received 4 text messages per week, for 6 weeks and completed physical activity diaries. Telephone surveys were conducted at baseline and 6 weeks to measure physical activity levels and beliefs, including self-efficacy for exercise, barriers and benefits of exercise, social support and pain. Process evaluation included participant perceptions of the intervention and ‘real-time' data on intervention fidelity and participant engagement.
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Background Community testing for HIV can reach previously untested populations but is rarely offered in workplaces. Targeting the construction sector could reach workers from high risk populations. Methods The RE-AIM framework was used to... more
Background Community testing for HIV can reach previously untested populations but is rarely offered in workplaces. Targeting the construction sector could reach workers from high risk populations. Methods The RE-AIM framework was used to evaluate Test@Work, a workplace HIV testing intervention for construction workers implemented at 21 events (10 companies) in the UK. Test@Work had three components: 1) an online health toolkit to inform managers about health screening and HIV testing; 2) general health checks; and 3) opt-in HIV consultation and testing. Quantitative data were collected using registration and exit questionnaires with workers (n = 426) and pre/post-event questionnaires with managers (n = 15), with qualitative analysis of free text responses. Results Reach 426 individuals had health checks. Participants were broadly representative of the UK construction workforce, but with a higher proportion of permanent workers. Most workers reported being in good health but also be...
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IntroductionA global health workforce crisis, coupled with ageing populations, wars and the rise of non-communicable diseases is prompting all countries to consider the optimal skill mix within their health workforce. The development of... more
IntroductionA global health workforce crisis, coupled with ageing populations, wars and the rise of non-communicable diseases is prompting all countries to consider the optimal skill mix within their health workforce. The development of advanced clinical practice (ACP) roles for existing non-medical cadres is one potential strategy that is being pursued. In the UK, National Health Service (NHS) workforce transformation programmes are actively promoting the development of ACP roles across a wide range of non-medical professions. These efforts are currently hampered by a high level of variation in ACP role development, deployment, nomenclature, definition, governance and educational preparation across the professions and across different settings. This scoping review aims to support a more consistent approach to workforce development in the UK, by identifying and mapping the current evidence base underpinning multiprofessional advanced level practice in the UK from a workforce, clinic...
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The COVID-19 pandemic had significant impacts on the mental health and academic experiences of healthcare trainees. Building on findings from earlier in the pandemic, we explore the impacts on healthcare trainees after a sustained... more
The COVID-19 pandemic had significant impacts on the mental health and academic experiences of healthcare trainees. Building on findings from earlier in the pandemic, we explore the impacts on healthcare trainees after a sustained pandemic period of 12–14 months, involving multiple lockdowns, changes in government COVID-19 regulations and the delivery of health education. A qualitative study was conducted between March–May 2021. Participants were 12 healthcare trainees (10 women, 2 men) of medicine, nursing, and midwifery, registered at one of three higher education institutions in the United Kingdom. Interviews were fully transcribed, and data were thematically analysed using a combination of deductive and inductive approaches. We identified three key themes with eight subthemes: (i) academic experiences (adjustment to online learning, loss of clinical experience, confidence in the university), (ii) impacts on wellbeing (psychosocial impacts, physical impacts, pandemic duration and...
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Background Regular testing for SARS-CoV-2 is an important strategy for controlling virus outbreaks on university campuses during the COVID-19 pandemic but testing participation can be low. The Residence-Based Testing Participation Pilot... more
Background Regular testing for SARS-CoV-2 is an important strategy for controlling virus outbreaks on university campuses during the COVID-19 pandemic but testing participation can be low. The Residence-Based Testing Participation Pilot (RB-TPP) was a novel 4-week intervention implemented at two student residences on a UK university campus, aiming to increase asymptomatic testing frequency and normalise university life through relaxed social restrictions onsite. Methods Mixed-methods process evaluation determined whether RB-TPP was implemented as planned and identified implementation barriers and facilitators. Data were collected from meeting records, university students (online survey: n = 152; focus groups: n = 30), and staff (interviews, n = 13). Barriers and facilitators to implementation were mapped to the ‘Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour’ (COM-B) behaviour change framework. Results Uptake was high (n = 464 students opted-in; 98% of those living onsite). Implement...
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Asymptomatic testing for SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been used to prevent and manage COVID-19 outbreaks in university settings, but few studies have explored their implementation. The aim of the study was to evaluate how an accredited asymptomatic... more
Asymptomatic testing for SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been used to prevent and manage COVID-19 outbreaks in university settings, but few studies have explored their implementation. The aim of the study was to evaluate how an accredited asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 testing service (ATS) was implemented at the University of Nottingham, a multi-campus university in England, to identify barriers and enablers of implementation and to draw out lessons for implementing pandemic response initiatives in higher education settings. A qualitative interview study was conducted with 25 ATS personnel between May and July 2022. Interviews were conducted online, audio-recorded, and transcribed. Participants were asked about their experience of the ATS, barriers and enablers of implementation. Transcripts were thematically analysed. There were four overarching themes: (1) social responsibility and innovation, (2) when, how and why people accessed testing, (3) impact of the ATS on the spread of COVID-19, and (4) les...
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The aim of the study was to explore workforce experiences of the rapid implementation of a SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic testing service (ATS) in a higher education setting during the COVID-19 pandemic. The setting was a multi-campus university... more
The aim of the study was to explore workforce experiences of the rapid implementation of a SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic testing service (ATS) in a higher education setting during the COVID-19 pandemic. The setting was a multi-campus university in the UK, which hosted a testing service for employees and students over two years. Qualitative semi-structured videoconference interviews were conducted. We contacted 58 participants and 25 were interviewed (43% response rate). Data were analysed thematically. The analysis produced four overarching themes: (1) feelings relating to their involvement in the service, (2) perceptions of teamwork, (3) perceptions of ATS leadership, (4) valuing the opportunity for career development. Agile and inclusive leadership style created psychological safety and team cohesion, which facilitated participants in the implementation of a rapid mitigation service, at pace and scale. Specific features of the ATS (shared vision, collaboration, networking, skills acquis...
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Background: Digital psychological interventions can target deficit-oriented and asset-oriented psychological outcomes in the workplace. This review examined: (a) the effectiveness of digital interventions for psychological well-being at... more
Background: Digital psychological interventions can target deficit-oriented and asset-oriented psychological outcomes in the workplace. This review examined: (a) the effectiveness of digital interventions for psychological well-being at work, (b) associations with workplace outcomes, and (c) associations between interventions’ effectiveness and their theory-base. Methods: six electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-experimental studies. The methodological quality of studies that used randomisation was conducted with the “Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias” tool, while the “JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist” was used for non-randomised studies. Studies’ theory-base was evaluated using an adaptation of the “theory coding scheme” (TSC). Due to heterogeneity, narrative synthesis was performed. Results: 51 studies were included in a synthesis describing four clusters of digital interventions: (a) cognitive behavioural therapy, (b) stress-mana...
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Self-management tools for people with chronic or persistent pain tend to focus on symptom reporting, treatment programmes or exercise and do not address barriers to work, facilitators of work ability, or workplace pain self-management... more
Self-management tools for people with chronic or persistent pain tend to focus on symptom reporting, treatment programmes or exercise and do not address barriers to work, facilitators of work ability, or workplace pain self-management strategies. We developed the Pain at Work (PAW) toolkit, an evidence-based digital toolkit to provide advice on how employees can self-manage their pain at work. In a collaborative-participatory design, 4-step Agile methodology (N = 452) was used to co-create the toolkit with healthcare professionals, employers and people with chronic or persistent pain. Step 1: stakeholder consultation event (n = 27) established content and format; Step 2: online survey with employees who have persistent pain (n = 274) showed employees fear disclosing their condition, and commonly report discrimination and lack of line manager support. Step 3: online employer survey (n = 107) showed employers rarely provide self-management materials or education around managing pain a...
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Methods: Randomised controlled trial (n=296 employees, 19-67 years; mean=38.78; SD=10.25); 12week motivational messaging intervention designed to promote physical activity. Messages were 160 characters, tailored using Theory of Planned... more
Methods: Randomised controlled trial (n=296 employees, 19-67 years; mean=38.78; SD=10.25); 12week motivational messaging intervention designed to promote physical activity. Messages were 160 characters, tailored using Theory of Planned Behaviour and delivered twice per week via SMS (n=148) or email (n=148). Data were collected online at baseline, six weeks, 12 weeks and 16 weeks on standardised measures of physical activity behaviour and health-related quality of life.
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The practice of diabetes self-care plays an important role in achieving and maintaining good glycaemic control. However, not all patients with insulin-treated diabetes engage in their self-care activities. There is some evidence that... more
The practice of diabetes self-care plays an important role in achieving and maintaining good glycaemic control. However, not all patients with insulin-treated diabetes engage in their self-care activities. There is some evidence that self-care practices in patients with insulin-treated diabetes can be understood and predicted by their health beliefs, although studies are often hampered by methodological weaknesses, and the fact that less is known about adults with insulin-treated diabetes in Malaysia. This study was conducted to examine whether health beliefs (as specified in the Health Belief Model: HBM) can predict self-care practices and glycaemic control in patients with insulin-treated diabetes in Malaysia. Longitudinal design with self-reported questionnaire measures administered at baseline (Time 1:T1) and six months later (Time 2: T2). Participants were recruited from three endocrinology clinics in Malaysia. Measures included self-care practices (diet, insulin intake, exerci...
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Self-care practices and glycaemic control remain suboptimal among young adults with diabetes. One of the known factors to influence self-care behaviours is health beliefs. Targeting health beliefs through diabetes education facilitates... more
Self-care practices and glycaemic control remain suboptimal among young adults with diabetes. One of the known factors to influence self-care behaviours is health beliefs. Targeting health beliefs through diabetes education facilitates individual’s diabetes self-care behaviours. Studies investigating health beliefs of young adults with diabetes are limited, however, to educational settings and include mixed-age participant groups. Knowledge about the health beliefs, self-care practices and glycaemic control specifically among Malaysian young adults with diabetes is lacking.
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for AADE Annual Meeting conference: Background: According to the World Health Organization in 2014, 9% of adults over 18 years old are diagnosed with diabetes and more than 1.5 million deaths occur directly by diabetes in low and... more
for AADE Annual Meeting conference: Background: According to the World Health Organization in 2014, 9% of adults over 18 years old are diagnosed with diabetes and more than 1.5 million deaths occur directly by diabetes in low and middle-income countries. Ajlouni et al (2008) estimated that approximately one million people in Jordan have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes; a figure that is increasing. To prevent diabetes microvascular and macro vascular complications, increased efforts and attention need to be directed towards improving glycaemic levels and improving metabolic outcomes through appropriate glycaemic management and this may be best achieved through educating patients in self-management of diabetes. Barriers in diabetes self-management behaviours were found to be consistent with Information-Motivation-Behavioural skills (IMB) Model of behavioural change. 2- Aim: to examine the effects of IMB Model-based Diabetes Self-Management Educational (DSME) intervention on three ...
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ObjectivesChildren in China have low levels of physical activity. We developed a school-based behaviour change intervention to increase their physical activity levels. The study aimed to determine the feasibility of undertaking a cluster... more
ObjectivesChildren in China have low levels of physical activity. We developed a school-based behaviour change intervention to increase their physical activity levels. The study aimed to determine the feasibility of undertaking a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) in the future. This future cluster RCT will evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.DesignFeasibility cluster non-RCT design.SettingTwo public schools (one intervention and one control) in Yangzhou, China.ParticipantsChildren aged 10–12 years and their parents.InterventionThe 16-week school-based behaviour change intervention to increase physical activity levels consisted of three components (a) health education (physical education), (b) family involvement and (c) school environment support.Outcomes measuresWe estimated important parameters that are needed to design the future cluster RCT, such as SD of the primary outcome (ie, 7-day steps in children), intracluster correlation coefficient (ICC), recruitment ...