- Oran, Oran, Algeria
Abstract The diagnosis and control of PEMFCs hydration states depend on the reliable models and methods of monitoring of system operating. Impedance spectroscopy was generally used to describe fuel cell systems and derived impedance... more
Abstract The diagnosis and control of PEMFCs hydration states depend on the reliable models and methods of monitoring of system operating. Impedance spectroscopy was generally used to describe fuel cell systems and derived impedance models. This study investigated the characterization and diagnosis of fuel cells by using fractional order impedance model as an explicit transfer function and factor design methodology (DOE) to determine the model parameters. The physical parameters appeared very sensitive to humidity and then used for monitoring and diagnosing of fuel cells. The proposed model is suitable to represent Randles impedance model equivalent electrical circuit enhanced by CPE, with the ability to generate the Nyquist impedance spectra easily for all conditions of relative humidity and operating time. The comparison between the literature experimental impedance spectra in both cases (drying and flooding), and the spectra simulated by the explicit fractional order impedance model demonstrated that the proposed model was robust and reliable and can, therefore, be integrated into the PEMFCs water management system.
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This work defines and implements a technique to predict water activity in proton exchange membrane fuel cell. This technique is based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as sensor and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system... more
This work defines and implements a technique to predict water activity in proton exchange membrane fuel cell. This technique is based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as sensor and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) as estimator. For this purpose, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) model has been proposed to study the performances of the fuel cell for different operating conditions where the simulation model for water activity behavior is in the proposed structure. The technique based on ANFIS predicts the PEM fuel cell relative humidity (RH) from the EIS. For creation of ANFIS training and checking database, a new method based on factorial design of experimental is used. To check the proposed technique, the ANFIS estimator will be compared with the output humidity relative observation.
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The current density in arc discharge and especially at the cathode has been a source of controversy for several years. Most of theoretical analysis of arc cathode spot was directed toward determination of the mechanism that provided such... more
The current density in arc discharge and especially at the cathode has been a source of controversy for several years. Most of theoretical analysis of arc cathode spot was directed toward determination of the mechanism that provided such high emission current density. The current density is one of the most essential physical quantities for each of the processes in the arc cathode regime. In this paper a review is given on the different equations to calculate the cathodic electron-emission current density and a comparative study is made.
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In this paper, a new approach based on Experimental of design methodology (DoE) is used to estimate the optimal of unknown model parameters proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). This proposed approach combines the central composite... more
In this paper, a new approach based on Experimental of design methodology (DoE) is used to estimate the optimal of unknown model parameters proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). This proposed approach combines the central composite face-centered (CCF) and numerical PEMFC electrochemical. Simulation results obtained using electrochemical model help to predict the cell voltage in terms of inlet partial pressures of hydrogen and oxygen, stack temperature, and operating current. The value of the previous model and (CCF) design methodology is used for parametric analysis of electrochemical model. Thus it is possible to evaluate the relative importance of each parameter to the simulation accuracy. However this methodology is able to define the exact values of the parameters from the manufacture data. It was tested for the BCS 500-W stack PEM Generator, a stack rated at 500 W, manufactured by American Company BCS Technologies FC.
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This paper describes how to control water activity in a PEM fuel cell using a new graphic formalism of energy systems called Macroscopic Energy Representation (MER). This methodology allowed us to model the behavior of a PEMFC (fuel cell... more
This paper describes how to control water activity in a PEM fuel cell using a new graphic formalism of energy systems called Macroscopic Energy Representation (MER). This methodology allowed us to model the behavior of a PEMFC (fuel cell voltage, power and relative humidity) as a function of operating variables such as (current, pressure, temperature, flows of hydrogen, oxygen and water). The validation of the simulation results shows the importance of the influence of relative humidity RH on the PEMFC cell behavior. In addition, these variables adjusted to take account of the RH in order to obtain better performance of the operation of the FC. For this reason, a control method based on inversion the Maximum Control Structure (MCS) used in order to ensure a relevant and adequate use of this energy system and to avoid the disadvantages of flooding and drying case, to achieve the desired relative humidity for relaxed operation of this PEMFC.
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The paper is focused especially on presenting possibilities of applying artificial neural networks at creating the optimal model PEM fuel cell. Various ANN approaches have been tested; the back-propagation feed-forward networks show... more
The paper is focused especially on presenting possibilities of applying artificial neural networks at creating the optimal model PEM fuel cell. Various ANN approaches have been tested; the back-propagation feed-forward networks show satisfactory performance with regard to cell voltage prediction. The model is then used in a power system for residential application. This models include an ANN fuel cell stack model, reformer model and DC/AC inverter model. Furthermore a neural network (NNTC) and fuzzy logic (FLC) controllers are used to control active power of PEM fuel cell system. The controllers modifies the hydrogen flow feedback from the terminal load. The validity of the controller is verified when the fuel cell system model is used in conjunction with the NNT controller to predict the response of the active power to: (a) computer-simulated step changes in the load active and reactive power demand, and (b) actual active and reactive load demand of a single family residence. Simul...
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This paper presents a dynamic model of Fuel cell system for residential power generation. The models proposed include a fuel cell stack model, reformer model and DC/AC inverter model. Furthermore a fuzzy logic (FLC) controller is used to... more
This paper presents a dynamic model of Fuel cell system for residential power generation. The models proposed include a fuel cell stack model, reformer model and DC/AC inverter model. Furthermore a fuzzy logic (FLC) controller is used to control active power of PEM fuel cell system. The controller modifies the hydrogen flow feedback from the terminal load. Simulation results confirmed the high performance capability of the fuzzy logic controller to control power generation.
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This paper presents a dynamic model of Fuel cell system for residential power generation. The models proposed include a fuel cell stack model, reformer model and DC/AC inverter model. More then an analytical details of how active and... more
This paper presents a dynamic model of Fuel cell system for residential power generation. The models proposed include a fuel cell stack model, reformer model and DC/AC inverter model. More then an analytical details of how active and reactive power output of a proton-exchange-membrane (PEM) fuel cell system is controlled. Furthermore a fuzzy logic (FLC) controller is used to control active power of PEM fuel cell system. The controller modifies the hydrogen flow feedback from the terminal load. Simulation results confirmed the high performance capability of the fuzzy logic controller to control power generation.
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The proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) fuel cell represents the energy of the future, in parallel with hydrogen. However, this technology must meet many technical challenges related to performance and durability before being sold on a large... more
The proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) fuel cell represents the energy of the future, in parallel with hydrogen. However, this technology must meet many technical challenges related to performance and durability before being sold on a large scale. It is well known that these challenges are closely linked to water management. This paper develops and implements a model of PEM fuel for simulation to make prediction on the water content. The proposed model includes a voltage evolution model based on the electrochemical and dynamics gases aspect, a water activity model to approximate relative humidity and a fuel cell spectroscopy impedance model to estimate the water content in order to make an accurate diagnosis. Furthermore, this work adopts a methods of modeling that presents a new solution to bring water into the fuel cell membrane, where it humidifies the Input gases (air and hydrogen) to a relative humidity over 0%. However, this solution causes a problem of flooding the membrane in ...
This paper presents a dynamic model of a fuel cell system for residential power generation. The models proposed include a fuel cell stack model, reformer model and DC/AC inverter model. Furthermore a fuzzy logic (FLC) controller is used... more
This paper presents a dynamic model of a fuel cell system for residential power generation. The models proposed include a fuel cell stack model, reformer model and DC/AC inverter model. Furthermore a fuzzy logic (FLC) controller is used to control the active power of PEM fuel cell system. The controller modifies the hydrogen flow feedback from the terminal load. Simulation results confirmed the high performance capability of the fuzzy logic controller to control power generation. K e y w o r d s: polymer-electrolyte fuel cell, dynamic model, residential power, fuzzy controller
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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a very powerful tool for exploitation as a rich source of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) diagnostic information.A primary goal of this work was to develop a suitable... more
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a very powerful tool for exploitation as a rich source of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) diagnostic information.A primary goal of this work was to develop a suitable PEMFC impedance model, which can be used in the analysis for flooding and drying of fuel cell. For this one a novel optimization method based on factorial Design methodology is used. It was applied for parametric analysis of electrochemical impedance Thus it is possible to evaluate the relative importance of each parameter to the simulation accuracy. Furthermore this work presents an analysis of the PEMFC impedance behavior in the case of flooding and drying.
The use of maximum power point tracking techniques in photovoltaic systems attracts particular attention to research and ensures that the photovoltaic energy system delivers as much as possible of the output power available to the load,... more
The use of maximum power point tracking techniques in photovoltaic systems attracts particular attention to research and ensures that the photovoltaic energy system delivers as much as possible of the output power available to the load, regardless of the climatic conditions (variation in temperature and solar radiation), the choice and development are made to implement a more appropriate and effective maximum power point tracking controller using neural networks.
Water management in a PEMFC is one of the biggest issues for the operation of the polymer membrane the cell and one the main topics of study of PEMFC systems. However in this article a mathematical model is intended for define the... more
Water management in a PEMFC is one of the biggest issues for the operation of the polymer membrane the cell and one the main topics of study of PEMFC systems. However in this article a mathematical model is intended for define the different static and dynamic characteristics of the energy behavior (voltage, power and relative humidity) for different input operating parameters values (current, pressure, temperature, hydrogen, oxygen and water flow rates). A new feasible graphical approach is used because of its simplicity and feasibility, consists of using the Macroscopic Energy Representation (EMR), based on the reaction action principle, taking into account the accumulation elements and leads to model the different elements of the system. This model is obtained to deduce and highlight a fuel cell energy management strategy taking into account the water activity in the electrolyte membrane, in order to avoid the inconvenience of flooding, drought and being able to achieve a desired ...
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy EIS is an experimental technique that can be used for meas ur d the ac impedance spectra of polymer electrolyte fue l cell (PEMFC) cathodes under various experimental conditi ons. This ac impedance... more
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy EIS is an experimental technique that can be used for meas ur d the ac impedance spectra of polymer electrolyte fue l cell (PEMFC) cathodes under various experimental conditi ons. This ac impedance is used for identify electrode/fl ow channel flooding and membrane drying The main goal of this work was to develop a suitabl e PEMFC impedance model, which can be using for used for diagnosis of PEM fuel cell. For this one a novel optimization method based on factorial Design metho dology is used. It was applied for parametric analysis of electrochemical impedance Thus it is possible to ev aluate the relative importance of each parameter to the si mulation accuracy. Furthermore this work presents an analysi s of the PEMFC impedance behavior in the case of flooding an d drying.
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The objective of this work is to define and to implement a simple method to assess the impacts of relative humidity and operating time on the fuel cell impedance. The method is based on the physical model of Randles with CPE and a... more
The objective of this work is to define and to implement a simple method to assess the impacts of relative humidity and operating time on the fuel cell impedance. The method is based on the physical model of Randles with CPE and a mathematical tool for identifying various parameters based on the least squares’ method. The objective of the theoretical model development is the model implementation of the control system and water management of predictive diagnostics. Artificial neural networks are used to create the optimum impedance model. The model is applied for the identification of all resistors (internal resistors measured at high frequency, biasing resistors measured at high frequency) which are characterized by a high sensitivity for both cases, the flooding or drying of the cell heart (membrane and electrodes). This model is able to easily generate Nyquist diagram for any condition of relative humidity and operating time, it helped define the stack hydration status. Based on t...
This paper presented the study, development and implementation of the maximum power point of a photovoltaic energy generator adapted by elevator converter and controlled by a maximum power point command. In order to improve photovoltaic... more
This paper presented the study, development and implementation of the maximum power point of a photovoltaic energy generator adapted by elevator converter and controlled by a maximum power point command. In order to improve photovoltaic system performance and to force the photovoltaic generator to operate at its maximum power point, the idea of the context of this paper deals with the exploitation of the technique of the artificial intelligence mechanism (neural network) certainly based on the three parts of the photovoltaic system (photovoltaic module inputs (temperature and solar radiation), photovoltaic module and control (MPPT)) that have been adopted within a simulation time of 24 hours.In addition, to reach the optimal operating point regardless of variations in climatic conditions, the use of a neuron network based disturbance and observation algorithm (P&O) is put into service of the system given its reliability, its simplicity and view that at any time it can follow the d...
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Abstract Proton exchange hydrogen fuel cells have the potential to produce clean and environmentally friendly energy. However, this technique should be adapted to technical challenges, such as performance and durability prior to its... more
Abstract Proton exchange hydrogen fuel cells have the potential to produce clean and environmentally friendly energy. However, this technique should be adapted to technical challenges, such as performance and durability prior to its marketing. These challenges are closely related to water management. In this research, a PEM fuel cell simulation model was designed for water management. This model consisted of a voltage evolution model based on electrochemical and dynamics gases. It also comprised a model of water activity to estimate the relative humidity. Meanwhile, in identifying the PEMFC hydration state, impedance was estimated by the humidity sensor model, which was based on neural network technology for diagnosis. This model predicted the changes of behaviour in the step response of load demand and the rate of water which flowed into the fuel cell. In the case of flooding or drying, the proposed neural network sensor model was executed through the estimation of internal resistance and biasing resistance values at high and low frequencies. These frequencies corresponded to the model of PEMFC electrical performance. As a result, it was found that the efficacy of this new neural network sensor model led to improved PEMFC hydration and a controlled humid airflow in the fuel cell. Overall, it was indicated that the proposed model can be used in the control system to improve water management by adjusting the relative humidity of supplied air.
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Abstract The objective of this work is to define and implement a method of artificial neural network to create an optimal impedance model of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) which considers the electrochemistry and the mass... more
Abstract The objective of this work is to define and implement a method of artificial neural network to create an optimal impedance model of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) which considers the electrochemistry and the mass transfer theory, which are used to analyze and diagnose PEM fuel cell failure modes (flooding & drying) across the physical parameters of the electrochemical impedance model. For this, we have based on the neural network technique for the calculation and estimation of various constituents parameters of this model. The Multi-Layer-Perceptron through back-propagation training algorithms shows satisfactory performance with the regard of parameter prediction. Furthermore, the neural network method applied to the impedance model is valid and valuable, which used to estimate the physical parameters of the electrochemical impedance model of the fuel cell (PEMFC) in both cases; flooding and drying of the fuel cell heart. The novelty of our work is summed up in the demonstration of the existence in a simple and uncomplicated way that allows the knowledge of the state of health of the PEMFC.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is presented as the energy of the future, in parallel with hydrogen. Nevertheless, this technology faces many technical and economic challenges before being mass-marketed. It is well known... more
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is presented as the energy of the future, in parallel with hydrogen. Nevertheless, this technology faces many technical and economic challenges before being mass-marketed. It is well known that these technical challenges related to performance and durability are closely linked to status hydration health. In this precise case, this paper presents a technique based on fuzzy logic clustering to make a diagnosis of hydration state of a (PEMFC). For that, a model of (PEMFC) is developed to design for simulation of power system and hydration diagnosis. The improved model takes into account water activity to approximate relative humidity in membrane, dynamics gases aspect, voltage behavior and spectrum impedance behavior for diagnosis. The fuzzy logic inference is applied to get a decision if (PEMFC) is flooded or dry into the membrane. The whole lot are implemented in simulation and tested by step change in the load demand, and the water rates introduced by air into the fuel cell. Qualitative interpretation of simulation results is presented in both analysis of the impedance spectrum for flooding and drying cases.
Abstract The objective of this work is to define and to implement a simple method to assess the impacts of relative humidity and operating time on the fuel cell impedance. The method is based on the physical model of Randles with CPE and... more
Abstract The objective of this work is to define and to implement a simple method to assess the impacts of relative humidity and operating time on the fuel cell impedance. The method is based on the physical model of Randles with CPE and a mathematical tool for identifying various parameters based on the least squares method. The objective of the theoretical model development is the model implementation of the control system and water management of predictive diagnostics. Artificial neural networks are used to create the optimum impedance model. The model is applied for the identification of all resistors (internal resistors measured at high frequency, biasing resistors measured at high frequency) which are characterized by a high sensitivity for both cases, the flooding or drying of the cell heart (membrane and electrodes). This model is able to easily generate Nyquist diagram for any condition of relative humidity and operating time, it helped define the stack hydration status. Based on the obtained results, the model demonstrated a best flexible response, accurate and fast. The developed model can be integrated into a water management control system in PEM fuel cells.
Research Interests:
This work defines and implements a technique to predict water activity in proton exchange membrane fuel cell. This technique is based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as sensor and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system... more
This work defines and implements a technique to predict water activity in proton exchange membrane fuel cell. This technique is based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as sensor and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) as estimator. For this purpose, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) model has been proposed to study the performances of the fuel cell for different operating conditions where the simulation model for water activity behavior is in the proposed structure. The technique based on ANFIS predicts the PEM fuel cell relative humidity (RH) from the EIS. For creation of ANFIS training and checking database, a new method based on factorial design of experimental is used. To check the proposed technique, the ANFIS estimator will be compared with the output humidity relative observation.
Research Interests:
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a very powerful tool for exploitation as a rich source of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) diagnostic information. A primary goal of this work was to develop a suitable PEMFC... more
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a very powerful tool for exploitation as a rich source of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) diagnostic information. A primary goal of this work was to develop a suitable PEMFC impedance model, which can be used in the analysis for flooding and drying of fuel cell. For this one a novel optimization method based on factorial Design methodology is used. It was applied for parametric analysis of electrochemical impedance Thus it is possible to evaluate the relative importance of each parameter to the simulation accuracy. Furthermore this work presents an analysis of the PEMFC impedance behavior in the case of flooding and drying.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Direct field-oriented induction motor drive system need rotor flux observer and rotor angular speed identifier. ANFIS (adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system) used for identifying parameter dynamics and system variable estimation, linear... more
Direct field-oriented induction motor drive system need rotor flux observer and rotor angular speed identifier. ANFIS (adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system) used for identifying parameter dynamics and system variable estimation, linear or nonlinear. ANFIS with backpropagation learning algorithm has applied to estimate flux rotor and identify rotor angular speed of three-phase induction motor
Abstract In this work, a neural network is used to optimize the impedance model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In particular, the model is used to diagnose the effect of the air supply temperature on the water management... more
Abstract In this work, a neural network is used to optimize the impedance model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In particular, the model is used to diagnose the effect of the air supply temperature on the water management and humidification of the fuel cell, for an interval of air supply temperature of 60–140 °C to predict the hydration state of the fuel cell (flooding and drying). The Multi-Layer-Perceptron through back propagation training algorithms of the neural network model satisfactorily predicts parameters (the mean square error value of ANN is 6.67 e−16). The neural network method is applied to investigate the PEMFC impedance under drying and flooding conditions. The proposed model is validated by the experimental results of the literature at a frequency range of 0.1 Hz–1 kHz, RH = 10%, t = 180 s for drying case and RH = 100%, t = 500 and 1600 s for flooding case. The proposed approach enabled us to identify the five physical parameters of the impedance that exhibited high sensitivity in the PEMFC diagnostic (the membrane resistance, the polarization resistance, the double layer capacitance of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces, the resistance of species diffusion and the time constant of the charges diffusion).
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... APPLICATION Khaled MAMMAR1, Abdelkader CHAKER2 ... 2Department of Computers and Informatics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics,Laboratory of Electrical network, ENSET, ENSET, BP 1742 El M'naouar, Oran,... more
... APPLICATION Khaled MAMMAR1, Abdelkader CHAKER2 ... 2Department of Computers and Informatics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics,Laboratory of Electrical network, ENSET, ENSET, BP 1742 El M'naouar, Oran, Algeria, ...