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Microgrid is nothing but a cluster of interconnected loads and Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), which operate within a clearly defined small electrical boundary. In this paper, a PV-Fuel cell (FC)- Battery energy stored system (BESS)... more
Microgrid is nothing but a cluster of interconnected loads and Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), which operate within a clearly defined small electrical boundary. In this paper, a PV-Fuel cell (FC)- Battery energy stored system (BESS) based Microgrid is selected considering individually their advantages and convenience. This paper is completely based upon design and simulation of Microgrid and dealt with one of the technical challenges i.e. frequency and voltage control in islanded mode of operation. Traditional proportional-integral (P-I) controllers are implemented to control the converter (Voltage Source Converter) at the ac grid. The control design uses a droop controller, with the current and voltage control loop for controlling the frequency and voltage. Also, Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm is used to optimize the control parameters.
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Fault ride through (FRT) capability is an essential practice as per the present grid code demands for grid-connected renewable energy-based distributed energy resources. Studies on FRT capability for grid-connected hybrid systems are... more
Fault ride through (FRT) capability is an essential practice as per the present grid code demands for grid-connected renewable energy-based distributed energy resources. Studies on FRT capability for grid-connected hybrid systems are rarely found. This study considers a wind energy conversion system and a fuel cell system interconnected at a common dc bus. It proposes a new feed-forward-based FRT control scheme for the inverter control where new current references in dq -axis frame are derived by tracking the positive sequence power. The newly derived references are fed forward to the input of the current regulator of the voltage source inverter. Second, fuzzy logic-based current controllers are suggested to improve the tracking capability of the current references in the inverter control scheme so as to enhance the FRT capability of the hybrid system as a whole. The proposed feed-forward-fuzzy control scheme for achieving an enhanced FRT capability is compared with the conventional dq current control and feed-forward FRT control for various grid voltage sag tests, where the performance of the combined feed-forward-fuzzy control is found better. The validation of the proposed FRT control scheme is performed in MATLAB-Simulink environment.
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In case of large generators, air-cooling system restricts itself up to 60 MW generation capacities whereas, hydrogen- cooling system (HCS) is necessary beyond capacity of 120–130 MW unit(s) and above. It is essential to incorporate... more
In case of large generators, air-cooling system restricts itself up to 60 MW generation capacities whereas, hydrogen- cooling system (HCS) is necessary beyond capacity of 120–130 MW unit(s) and above. It is essential to incorporate supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) based HCS for the effective cooling of large generators, and taking proactive actions as and when required. A ‘Seven Stage Warm Redundant Structured’ (SeSWRS) HCS is proposed for the dedicated cooling of n×500 MW size generators of a fossil-fueled power plant. Objective of this paper is to analyze the system reliability of the plant processes. It also analyses the chance of system failure of the proposed HCS than that of the existing systems using fault tree parameters (FTPs), typically known as fault tree analysis (FTA). System reliability of the proposed SeSWRS has evaluated using MATLAB as per specifications guided by IEEE 1413–2010. The entire process control and instrumentation of the proposed system has designed and simulated on RSView Studio, a Rockwell Automation.
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Fuel cell is an emerging energy source, which is characterized with advantages feature like non dependency of environment conditions, clean source of power generation etc. Use of fuel in grid independent operation may be attributed with... more
Fuel cell is an emerging energy source, which is characterized with advantages feature like non dependency of environment conditions, clean source of power generation etc. Use of fuel in grid independent operation may be attributed with challenges like load transients and voltage unbalancing. The paper presents and innovative approach to mitigate the challenges face during the grid independent operation of fuel cell. Concept of hybridization at source with wind power via a structured manner is presented. The approach depicts satisfactory performance of system electrical and physical parameters like output active power at the point of common coupling (PCC) and fuel cell anode- cathode channel pressure. The validation of said methodology is presented by simulation platform.
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Frequency variation is a critical issue in power systems. With the recent developments in power sector, complexity and non-linearity of power system is increased to higher degree. Conventional controllers are designed considering linear... more
Frequency variation is a critical issue in power systems. With the recent developments in power sector, complexity and non-linearity of power system is increased to higher degree. Conventional controllers are designed considering linear power system models, therefore performance of these controllers may be not suffice the requirement of state of art. New strategies and controllers for controlling and monitoring of hydro power generation are developed and came into continuation with the conventional controllers like neural networks, fuzzy, and hybrids which performs better. In this paper, a new strategy is implemented for the control of hydro-turbine (Francis type) for the synchronous generator to attain the frequency in the prescribed limits at faster rate whenever there is change in load. An intelligent controller is used instead of conventional controller. In running condition, proposed controller results in maximum frequency deviation of 0.3% above the reference frequency and reach in stable state at faster rate when there is an unexpected load variation.
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This paper presents a study on designing next generation integrated automation for condenser section of the power-plants. The paper formulates the integration of Level II and Level III in terms of SCADA system. A novel methodology is... more
This paper presents a study on designing next generation integrated automation for condenser section of the power-plants. The paper formulates the integration of Level II and Level III in terms of SCADA system. A novel methodology is presented for condensate extraction pump (CEP) of the surface condenser, which is the main intersection of heat loss, typically 40% of the thermal efficiency of a power plant. CEP of condense is proposed to integrate with the high-pressure cycles to attain the improved electrical efficiency, which affects the heat transfer capability of surface condenser. This paper is proposed a Control and Instrumentation of Condensate-Extraction System (CES), dedicated for cooling of 30-MW-and-above size generation capacity. The paper is dedicated for the design and development of an effective CES, analyzing its impact over other contributions in terms of system reliability optimization. In addition, a methodology is presented to enhance the performance supervision o...
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Moisture measurement and control is very essential for gas-insulated switchgear (GIS). For safe and reliable operation, the moisture inside GIS needs to be kept within the prescribed limit. This article presents a capacitive sensor for... more
Moisture measurement and control is very essential for gas-insulated switchgear (GIS). For safe and reliable operation, the moisture inside GIS needs to be kept within the prescribed limit. This article presents a capacitive sensor for traces of moisture measurement in SF6 gas used in GIS. The sensor is fabricated using fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass as the base substrate and silver as the upper electrode. A thin film of porous alumina (Al2O3) is used as a sensing layer for detecting the presence of moisture at parts-per-million (ppm) scale. The performance of the presented sensor is experimentally validated for different moisture concentrations in SF6 gas. The sensor shows a good sensitivity (0.238 pF/ppm) with linear characteristics (±2.05%) over the moisture range of 246–725 ppm. The response of the fabricated sensor is very accurate (±0.84%), with low hysteresis (±0.32%) and highly repeatable (±0.013%). All the data of the fabricated sensor are obtained experimentally that validate its use for an effective moisture measurement in GIS where the live conductors and other electrical equipment are surrounded by SF6 gas. The cost-effectiveness of the sensor is ensured because of its simple fabrication process and robust design.
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The current article aims to assess the effects of electric vehicles (EV) integration in distribution networks, considering the initial state of charge (SOC) and charging level type. The increase engrossment for the incorporation of larger... more
The current article aims to assess the effects of electric vehicles (EV) integration in distribution networks, considering the initial state of charge (SOC) and charging level type. The increase engrossment for the incorporation of larger numbers of EVs in low voltage (LV) networks causes a significant overload and voltage fluctuation in the system because of the synchronization condition of domestic load peak time and EV charging time. The effect on the system is analyzed by determining the total hosting strength of the LV active network for a different level of EV penetration. Two different Load model for slow and fast charging EV is considered along with an initial state of charge (SOC) condition. The hosting capacity is affected not only by the penetration level of EV but rather; it also depends upon SOC condition and type of charger. Moreover, the methodology is proficient enough to give sufficient and reliable information so as to flexible for the control in real time scenario...
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Modeling, control and monitoring of fuel cell based energy storage system is an active area of research. This paper demonstrates an effective methodology to model a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system based on classical... more
Modeling, control and monitoring of fuel cell based energy storage system is an active area of research. This paper demonstrates an effective methodology to model a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system based on classical mathematical equations. Here, PEMFC operation under standalone mode is considered for operation. This paper brings out the performance of system critical parameters during events of unbalance faults and load transients at the point of common coupling. Performance of PEMFC stack, three phase vector controlled pulse width modulated-voltage source inverter, and boost converter are highlighted extensively. Critical system parameters like hydrogen flow rate, DC link voltage, power delivered by system, AC side voltages and currents are considered for study. Based on results presented, it is inferred that load transients do not affect the critical parameters. Whereas unbalance faults severely affects the system control, whose further investigation is to be taken as a future challenge.
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ABSTRACT A comprehensive hydrogen processing unit (HPU) is presented for uninterrupted supplying of it at desired pressure rate. The pressurized Hydrogen is used for the cooling of large size generators in integrated gasification combined... more
ABSTRACT A comprehensive hydrogen processing unit (HPU) is presented for uninterrupted supplying of it at desired pressure rate. The pressurized Hydrogen is used for the cooling of large size generators in integrated gasification combined cycle power plants. It can also be seen as one of the future sources of fuel for automobile applications. Thereby, it reduces the chances of green house gases emission. Equally, Hydrogen can be utilized as a future source of energy for the automobiles. A novel HPU clubbed with highly reliable and efficient process automation system is proposed. The work includes a comparison between the proposed and the existing systems in terms of system reliability. The algorithm for system reliability is developed on MATLAB platform. The effectiveness of real-time featured proposed HPU is validated by computer simulation. The entire process automation system is designed and simulated on FT-View32 Works. It meets the specifications guided by IEEE C37.1-2007, IEC 61131-3 and IEEE 1413-2010.
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In the current energy ecosystem, the need for a Hybrid Appliance Load Monitoring System (HALMS) to establish a smarter grid and energy infrastructure is undeniable. The increasing popularity of the Internet of Things (IoT) has suddenly... more
In the current energy ecosystem, the need for a Hybrid Appliance Load Monitoring System (HALMS) to establish a smarter grid and energy infrastructure is undeniable. The increasing popularity of the Internet of Things (IoT) has suddenly pushed the demand for smart and connected devices. This review introduces the term smart plug as a device that uses IoT for establishing HALMS. These smart plugs are a handy solution to make the so-called ‘dumb’ devices smart. The strategy of smart plugs to enhance the energy management experience in connected spaces is presented. This study extensively highlights the current smart plug technologies and the relevant activities and limitations that need to overcome the requirements of HALMS.
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The paper presents design of hybrid active power filter (HAPF) in a three-phase three-wire power system. Design is implemented with instantaneous reactive power theory for control of HAPF in order to mitigate harmonics generated by both... more
The paper presents design of hybrid active power filter (HAPF) in a three-phase three-wire power system. Design is implemented with instantaneous reactive power theory for control of HAPF in order to mitigate harmonics generated by both non-linear and unbalanced load at the point of common coupling (PCC). The p-q Theory enables the source current to be decomposed in αβ0 frame to obtain compensation current for each phase. The hysteresis-band current controller is used to generate gating pulses for voltage source inverter (VSI). Over all harmonic reduction is achieved via the proposed control of HAPF and the THD levels are per the IEEE-519 standard. Investigation of proposed scheme is validated by extensive simulations using MATLAB/ Simulink Sim-Power System tool box.
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In this paper, power quality issues due to the grid integration of a dispersed generation system containing multiple power generators are studied. A centralized DC bus architecture is considered for the proposed hybrid sustainable energy... more
In this paper, power quality issues due to the grid integration of a dispersed generation system containing multiple power generators are studied. A centralized DC bus architecture is considered for the proposed hybrid sustainable energy system (HSES), where the power from DC bus is conditioned by the grid-connected inverter to supply the linear and nonlinear loads connected at the point of common coupling (PCC). However, the presence of multiple power electronic converters and nonlinear loads possesses an alleviated threat of harmonic pollution at the PCC. Moreover, the conventional LC-based passive filter connected after the inverter is ineffective in mitigating the harmonics generated for such a system. Hence, an effort is made to design and control an active power filter (APF). The designed APF is integrated with the HSES at the PCC. Results of various case studies prove that proper design, control, and integration of APF is effective in rendering harmonics compensation of supply currents by maintaining the total harmonic distortion (THD) at the PCC as per the specified IEEE Std. 519. Situations like load unbalancing and dynamic switching of nonlinear loads are undertaken to validate the performance of the APF in the considered system. The same is illustrated by extensive harmonic analysis and monitoring of various PCC electrical parameters.
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Prevalent scientific advancements have empowered latest technological ways to appear. Now-a-days, industries are proliferately demanding process automation in all fields. Automation culminates into better standard, enhanced production and... more
Prevalent scientific advancements have empowered latest technological ways to appear. Now-a-days, industries are proliferately demanding process automation in all fields. Automation culminates into better standard, enhanced production and decreased capital. The fusion of Geographical Information System (GIS) and IOT will bring a dynamic change in the production sector and agro-economy. 'Internet of Things' (IoT) technology is one of those approaches, where using the standard internet protocol, desired technology can transfer wirelessly the data obtained by digitizing the data of the object or the domain of the adapter that it is adapting to the server. This paper presents a low-cost and flexible solution to control and monitor agricultural tools, basically a DC driven Appliance for irrigation or for any other purpose, using Smart Plug devices. The Smart Plug is a power switch which can be accessed via WiFi or any similar communication protocol. This work presents the development of a Smart Plug with a wireless IoT Module. The proposed smart plug has the characteristics of simple design, low cost, easy to transfer the data to any place with the help of MQTT Protocol which is easy to use and easy to control. The foremost concept used here is that continuous control of DC Motor, is carried out using H-Bridge circuit using Power IGBT. Here basically the DC Appliance is chosen because there are only handful methods of parametric control and that the proposed method is reliable and can even work with the smallest step possible. Furthermore, GIS is used in getting the localised satellite data of the farmland and with the help various on-field sensors and local data management unit, it can pass on to the field so that one can yield maximum production and profit from a piece of land.
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Purpose Notable energy losses and voltage deviation issues in low-voltage radial distribution systems are a major concern for power planners and utility companies because of the integration of electric vehicles (EVs). Electric vehicle... more
Purpose Notable energy losses and voltage deviation issues in low-voltage radial distribution systems are a major concern for power planners and utility companies because of the integration of electric vehicles (EVs). Electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) are the key components in the network where the EVs are equipped to energize their battery. The purpose of this paper is coordinating the EVCS and distributed generation (DG) so as to place them optimally using swarm-based elephant herding optimization techniques by considering energy losses, voltage sensitivity and branch current as key indices. The placement and sizing of the EVCS and DG were found in steps. Design/methodology/approach The IEEE 33-bus test feeder and 52-bus Indian practical radial networks were used as the test system for the network characteristic analysis. To enhance the system performance, the radial network is divided into zones for the placement of charging stations and dispersed generation units. Balan...
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This brief presents design of a robust fractional order proportional-integral (FO-PI) prototype controller for a grid connected photovoltaic (PV) system. The robustness in face of parameter variation is handled by designing a suitable... more
This brief presents design of a robust fractional order proportional-integral (FO-PI) prototype controller for a grid connected photovoltaic (PV) system. The robustness in face of parameter variation is handled by designing a suitable controller considering sensitivity function, gain margin and phase margin for both inner and outer control loops. As FO-PI controller is not yet available in physical form and due to complexity involved in grid-tied PV system, we propose an alternative way of hardware implementation of inner loop FO-PI controller by using fractor through $RC$ ladder network. Firstly, an emulator circuit of the inner current loop comprising the FO-PI controller (including fractor and the proportional gain) along with the transfer function of inverter and filter is developed and the response is verified through a real-time simulator (OPAL-RT). Finally, the FO-PI part of the emulator circuit is interfaced with the PC target to form a hardware-in-loop (HIL) by employing OPAL-RT. The performance of the complete system is verified through OPAL-RT simulator. The result shows the improved robustness by the proposed control design method.
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Grid-connected doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind energy conversion system (WECS) is widely used in harnessing wind power. The paper attempts to characterize a 15-kW grid-connected DFIG based WECS operating under variable... more
Grid-connected doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind energy conversion system (WECS) is widely used in harnessing wind power. The paper attempts to characterize a 15-kW grid-connected DFIG based WECS operating under variable speed and loading conditions. Back to back converter topologies are utilized consisting of rotor side converter (RSC) and grid side converter (GSC) controlled in the synchronous reference frame coordinates. The design, modeling, and control of various system components are deliberated. The interaction of the grid with the proposed DFIG-WECS is analyzed where the regulation of the machine active power is achieved through the control of RSC. The current quality, voltage regulation is achieved by the control of GSC. Case studies involving constant wind speed, variable wind speed, and variable loading are undertaken for the characterization analysis. The performance characterizations of the entire system is validated in Matlab/Simulink simulation environment where the critical performance parameters like DC link voltage, generator torque, DFIG stator current, active and reactive power delivered by the DFIG to the grid, PCC side voltage/ current profile and the PCC current Total harmonic distortion (THD) are rigorously monitored, presented and discussed for each case studies.
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This paper presents modelling and testing of an ultrasonic sensor for detection of SF6 gas leakage from vessels of gas insulated switchgears (GISs) with less than 0.5% margin. As per industry standard and practices, the desired level of... more
This paper presents modelling and testing of an ultrasonic sensor for detection of SF6 gas leakage from vessels of gas insulated switchgears (GISs) with less than 0.5% margin. As per industry standard and practices, the desired level of gas leakage is to be kept below 0.5% per annum per in the SF6 gas vessel. Detection of gas density using acoustic signals was found suitable due to its good electrical properties in ideal gases. This unique arrangement helps in detection of gas leakage at ppmlevel where the live conductors and other electrical equipment inside the GIS are surrounded by Sulphur hexafluoride SF6 gas. Performances and stability of the ultrasonic sensor have been evaluated in presence of some influencing parameters such as pressure, temperature, molar mass, humidity. The cost effectiveness of the sensor is ensured because of its simple modelling and robust design.
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This work presents an optimal recharging strategy for Electric vehicles (EVs) using Quadratic Programming (QP) to flatten the peak power demand on the utility. The increase in penetration of EVs in distribution systems causes a... more
This work presents an optimal recharging strategy for Electric vehicles (EVs) using Quadratic Programming (QP) to flatten the peak power demand on the utility. The increase in penetration of EVs in distribution systems causes a significant increase in peak power demand due to synchronization between the peak load hours and EV charging period. The optimization technique aims to assess the effects of optimal scheduling considering the initial State-of-charge (SOC) level, Demand Side Management (DSM) functionalities that meet both the grid and EV owners’ requirements. The feasibility of the scheme is verified with two case studies using different aggregator units and the effect on the system is analyzed by determining the load demands from local utilities and EVs. The aggregator units collect data from EV users with common interests such as EV battery specification, Battery SOC, recharging period and mediate with utility operators such as Transmission system operator (TSO), Distributio...
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Smart home is the key structure in energy management system (EMS) which help to reshape the residential load curve by scheduling the home appliances without any extra cost. The domestic load can be rescheduled when the power supply... more
Smart home is the key structure in energy management system (EMS) which help to reshape the residential load curve by scheduling the home appliances without any extra cost. The domestic load can be rescheduled when the power supply provides incentive in terms of slot base tariff. In this study, a population intented metaheuresstic elephant herding optimization (EHO) algorithm is used for domestic loads suitably scheduled by minimizing the electricity cost while considering the consumers' uses preferences. Two types of cost function: Time of Use (TOU) and Critical Cost Pricing (CCP) are used and analyzed separately. The result is compared with Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm and reveals better performance.
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The inclusion and modeling of uncertainty in conventional load flow is required with the enhancement in the penetration of intermittent generation. As a result, the multi-modality is there in output distribution functions. In this paper,... more
The inclusion and modeling of uncertainty in conventional load flow is required with the enhancement in the penetration of intermittent generation. As a result, the multi-modality is there in output distribution functions. In this paper, a probabilistic load flow method is used with two wind generator models with multimodal loadings and a spline based reconstruction technique is introduced for the construction of multimodal distribution functions. The proposed load flow method is tested in the IEEE-118 bus test system and accuracy of the results have been validated by comparing these results with those obtained by Monte Carlo simulation studies.
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Rising penetration of renewable energy based distributed generation system in the utility grid has raised serious concerns towards poor power quality problem. The problem gets further alleviated if the electric system is intended to... more
Rising penetration of renewable energy based distributed generation system in the utility grid has raised serious concerns towards poor power quality problem. The problem gets further alleviated if the electric system is intended to operate under smart gird philosophy. Management of bidirectional power flow with the utility and smart loads is a tricky aspect. The paper presents an innovative solution to overcome the power quality problem in a smart grid environment where major generation of power is catered through hybrid sustainable energy system (HSES). Methodologies for integrating a hybrid active filter (HAF) and its control aspect is demonstrated. Case study highlighting the role of HAF in a hybridized renewable energy regime demonstrates the effectiveness of proposed solution.
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This paper proposes design of a robust adaptive secondary controller for a stand-alone AC microgrid system. The proposed controller is designed based on the fixed-time confluence property of Lyapunov functions. Despite unknown... more
This paper proposes design of a robust adaptive secondary controller for a stand-alone AC microgrid system. The proposed controller is designed based on the fixed-time confluence property of Lyapunov functions. Despite unknown disturbances, the proposed approach has the major benefit of precise sharing of active and reactive power as well as restoring of voltage and frequency reference values before the appropriate pre-determined time. The tuning of the proposed controller is quite simple as compared to the conventional ones. Furthermore, the proposed adaptive control scheme also has a basic mathematical formulation, making it simple to implement. To exemplify the efficacy of the proposed control methodology, simulations are conducted and its performance is compared with conventional secondary controller. From analysis of the results, it is confirmed that the proposed controller exhibits superior performance in terms of voltage and frequency tracking in face of uncertainties and load fluctuations.
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The photovoltaic (PV) system inclusion in the distribution network is the great deal to handle the inadequacy of energy demand. However, the increased penetration is being questioned in low voltage (LV) networks, such as reverse power... more
The photovoltaic (PV) system inclusion in the distribution network is the great deal to handle the inadequacy of energy demand. However, the increased penetration is being questioned in low voltage (LV) networks, such as reverse power flow, frequency and voltage variation. In order to handle the clean energy electric vehicles (EVs) amalgamation in the active low voltage network (ALVN) is analyzed in this paper. The EV battery is utilized as active element to act as load/source accordingly. The EV control rely on state of charge (SoC), network voltage level and the PV output power. The PV system is considered with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. Different scenarios have been incorporated on a PV based active distribution network with an IEEE 33 bus radial system using MATLAB/Simulink. The results show EV and PV assisted each other successfully to track the demand and generation in terms of under/over voltage situations in the network.
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This paper presents a conductive sensor based on the extension of the Thomson and Lampard theorem for humidity measurement in nitrogen gas. Conventionally humidity sensors both resistive and capacitive types are fabricated using an... more
This paper presents a conductive sensor based on the extension of the Thomson and Lampard theorem for humidity measurement in nitrogen gas. Conventionally humidity sensors both resistive and capacitive types are fabricated using an interdigitated electrodes structure (IDE). In the IDE sensor, a major portion of the sensing area is covered by the electrodes when the electrodes are placed on the sensing film. The proposed sensor consists of four coaxial electrodes along the circular periphery separated by a small gap. The sensing film made of polyvinyl alcohol is deposited in the inner space of the electrodes. The cross-conductance between the two opposite electrodes is used to measure the humidity in the range of 0-S5% RH 25°C. The sensor is interfaced with a basic Opamp circuit to determine its response parameters. It shows a sensitivity of 53.76mV/% RH. The output of the sensor is found highly stable with good reproducibility.
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The main objective is to study dynamic behavior of hydro generator at variable excitation. This paper presents analysis of the dynamic behavior of a hydroelectric power plant including hydraulic system, electrical installations, rotating... more
The main objective is to study dynamic behavior of hydro generator at variable excitation. This paper presents analysis of the dynamic behavior of a hydroelectric power plant including hydraulic system, electrical installations, rotating inertia and control systems. First, the modeling of the electrical and hydraulic systems is described. The electrical system is constituted by a salient-pole synchronous generator with its excitation system standard model. Further, hydraulic system is comprised with hydro turbine and PID governor standard model. Effect of variable excitation on set of parameters of the turbine and generator of the hydroelectric power plant is also discussed.
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This paper intends to investigate the operation of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system (PEMFC) under stand alone and grid connected operation mode when it is subjected to dynamic disturbance at the point of common coupling (PCC)... more
This paper intends to investigate the operation of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system (PEMFC) under stand alone and grid connected operation mode when it is subjected to dynamic disturbance at the point of common coupling (PCC) in a distributed generation (DG) system. Monitoring of critical parameters in the system such as active power delivered by the system, PCC side frequency, anode channel pressure of PEMFC are the main parameters of interest. It is inferred that capability of the controller for voltage source inverter (VSI) used as an interfacing medium between the PEMFC system and PCC is critical for proper functioning of the fuel cell system as a whole. The critical aspects required for functioning of the system under both the modes, viz. stand alone and grid connected are brought out via simulation platform.
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Gyan Ranjan Biswal Bhilai Institute of Technology Dept. of ET &T Engineering Durg (CG), INDIA +91-9893094634 (M) Email: gyanbiswal@gmail.com ABSTRACT Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP) has the capacity to produce 4 MT steel per annum. At... more
Gyan Ranjan Biswal Bhilai Institute of Technology Dept. of ET &T Engineering Durg (CG), INDIA +91-9893094634 (M) Email: gyanbiswal@gmail.com ABSTRACT Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP) has the capacity to produce 4 MT steel per annum. At present it is producing 5 MT per annum ...
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ABSTRACT The paper presents a 'Seven Stage Warm Redundant Structured' (SeSWRS) hydrogen cooling system (HCS) for generators cooling in a typical thermal power station. The proposed system is equally reliable for steam and... more
ABSTRACT The paper presents a 'Seven Stage Warm Redundant Structured' (SeSWRS) hydrogen cooling system (HCS) for generators cooling in a typical thermal power station. The proposed system is equally reliable for steam and gas turbine based generating sections. System reliability of the proposed SeSWRS model is evaluated using MATLAB. The process control and instrumentation of the system is designed and simulated on Factory-Talk ViewSE, a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) platform by Rockwell automation. The process model is designed as per specifications guided by IEEE C37.1-2007; IEEE 1413-2010, and ISA 100a.
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ABSTRACT This paper presents a seven-stage hot redundant structure (SeSHRS)-hydrogen cooling system (HCS), dedicated for cooling of 2 × 660 MW size generators of combined cycle power plants. In the case of large generators, air cooling... more
ABSTRACT This paper presents a seven-stage hot redundant structure (SeSHRS)-hydrogen cooling system (HCS), dedicated for cooling of 2 × 660 MW size generators of combined cycle power plants. In the case of large generators, air cooling system restricts itself up to 100 MW generation capacities, while HCS is very effective as a coolant for capacity of 120-130 MW unit(s) and above. To control and monitor such a critical system, it is essential to incorporate supervisory control and data acquisition with HCS for effective cooling of the large generators, and taking proactive actions, if abnormality is observed during the operation. The objectives of this paper are to analyze the system reliability and system failure of the proposed process control and instrumentation of HCS. The work includes a comparison between the proposed and the existing systems in terms of system reliability and fault tree analysis (FTA). The algorithms for system reliability and FTA of the proposed SeSHRS model are developed on the MATLAB platform. The effectiveness of real-time featured proposed HCS is validated by computer simulation. The entire process instrumentation of the system is designed and simulated on RSView Studio, a real-time automation platform by Rockwell Automation, Milwaukee, WI. The proposed design meets the specifications of IEC 61025, IEEE C37.1-2007, and IEEE 1413-2003.
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This paper proposed a'seven-stage standby redundant structured'(SeS²RS) hydrogen cooling system (HCS) for generators cooling in a typical thermal power plant. The proposed system is equally reliable for steam and gas... more
This paper proposed a'seven-stage standby redundant structured'(SeS²RS) hydrogen cooling system (HCS) for generators cooling in a typical thermal power plant. The proposed system is equally reliable for steam and gas turbine-based generating sections. The ...
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The faster heat dissipation of generators in power plants calls for hydrogen cooling, and water is used as coolant to cool down the hot hydrogen which comes out from the hy- drogen cooling system (HCS) at the generating end. There- fore,... more
The faster heat dissipation of generators in power plants calls for hydrogen cooling, and water is used as coolant to cool down the hot hydrogen which comes out from the hy- drogen cooling system (HCS) at the generating end. There- fore, in large generating plants, the process of cooling and the coolant become integral parts of the heat exchangers. Hence,
Research Interests: Engineering, Computer Science, Process Control, Heat Exchanger, Power Plant, and 15 moreAutomation, Power Generation, Power System Reliability, System Reliability, Human Machine Interface, Thermal Power Plant, Real Time, Thermal Power Station, Boolean Satisfiability, Cooling Water, Process Model, Monitoring System, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, Process Automation System, and SCADA system(Automation, Power Generation, Power System Reliability, System Reliability, Human Machine Interface, Thermal Power Plant, Real Time, Thermal Power Station, Boolean Satisfiability, Cooling Water, Process Model, Monitoring System, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, Process Automation System, and SCADA system)
(Automation, Power Generation, Power System Reliability, System Reliability, Human Machine Interface, Thermal Power Plant, Real Time, Thermal Power Station, Boolean Satisfiability, Cooling Water, Process Model, Monitoring System, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, Process Automation System, and SCADA system)