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AbstractPolicy debates about the balance of vocational and general education programs focus on the school-to-work transition. But with rapid technological change, gains in youth employment from vocational education may be offset by less adaptability and thus diminished employment later in life. To test our main hypothesis that any relative labor-market advantage of vocational education decreases with age, we employ a difference-in-differences approach that compares employment rates across different ages for people with general and vocational education. Using micro data for 18 countries from the International Adult Literacy Survey, we find strong support for the existence of such a trade-off, which is most pronounced in countries emphasizing apprenticeship programs. Results are robust to accounting for ability patterns and to propensity-score matching.
Suggested Citation
Eric A. Hanushek & Ludger Woessmann & Lei Zhang, 2011.
"General Education, Vocational Education, and Labor-Market Outcomes over the Life-Cycle,"
Discussion Papers
11-003, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.
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RePEc:sip:dpaper:11-003
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- Eric A. Hanushek & Guido Schwerdt & Ludger Woessmann & Lei Zhang, 2015.
"General Education, Vocational Education, and Labor-Market Outcomes over the Life-Cycle,"
Economics Working Papers
15113, Hoover Institution, Stanford University.
- Eric A. Hanushek & Ludger Woessmann & Lei Zhang, 2011.
"General Education, Vocational Education, and Labor-Market Outcomes over the Life-Cycle,"
CESifo Working Paper Series
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- Hanushek, Eric A. & Woessmann, Ludger & Zhang, Lei, 2011.
"General Education, Vocational Education, and Labor-Market Outcomes over the Life-Cycle,"
IZA Discussion Papers
6083, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Wößmann, Ludger & Hanushek, Eric A. & Zhang, Lei, 2012.
"General Education, Vocational Education, and Labor-Market Outcomes over the Life-Cycle,"
VfS Annual Conference 2012 (Goettingen): New Approaches and Challenges for the Labor Market of the 21st Century
62070, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
- Hanushek, Eric A. & Schwerdt, Guido & Wößmann, Ludger & Zhang, Lei, 2017.
"General Education, Vocational Education, and Labor-Market Outcomes over the Lifecycle,"
Munich Reprints in Economics
49903, University of Munich, Department of Economics.
- Eric A. Hanushek & Ludger Woessmann & Lei Zhang, 2011.
"General Education, Vocational Education, and Labor-Market Outcomes over the Life-Cycle,"
NBER Working Papers
17504, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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More about this item
Keywords
surplus subsidy schemes;
polluting monopolist;
verifiable regulatory mechanisms;
All these keywords.
JEL classification:
- J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
- J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
- J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
- I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
Statistics
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