Originally from Łódź, Poland, Lampe grew up in Stockholm, Sweden. He played briefly for Real Madrid in the Spanish ACB League before being sent on loan to Universidad Complutense of the LEB, the second division level in Spain, to receive more playing time.
Lampe was selected by the NBA club the New York Knicks in the second round (30th overall) of the 2003 NBA draft as an early entry candidate, despite having been projected as a top five lottery pick. Lampe was elected to the 2003 Reebok Rocky Mountain Revue All-Revue Team after averaging 17.2 points and 7.0 rebounds in 32.4 minutes for the Knicks' summer league team. Lampe was traded to the Phoenix Suns on January 5, 2004, deal, and at the time, he became the youngest player in Suns history to appear in a regular season game, as well as the first Suns player to play while being 18 years old.
In January 2005, he got traded for the second time in his NBA career, this time to the New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets. On February 13, 2006, he was traded to the Houston Rockets for point guard Moochie Norris, making the Rockets his fourth NBA club. He played the total number of 61 games in NBA. He holds NBA career averages of 3.4 points per game, 2.2 rebounds per game, and 0.3 assists per game.
Lampe's final NBA game was played on April 4, 2006, in a 87–104 loss to the Seattle SuperSonics where he recorded 1 rebound in only 2 and half minutes of playing time.
In 2010, he was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers to play on the Summer League team.
- June 26, 2003 – Selected with the 30th pick by the New York Knicks (the pick originally belonged to the Denver Nuggets and was acquired by the Knicks in the Marcus Camby deal).
- August 13, 2003 – Signed a 3-year, $2.9 million contract with the Knicks
- January 5, 2004 – Traded with Antonio McDyess, Howard Eisley, Charlie Ward, rights to Miloš Vujanić, 2004 first-round draft pick (used to select Kirk Snyder), future first-round draft pick (used in 2010 to select Gordon Hayward) and $3 million to the Phoenix Suns for Stephon Marbury, Penny Hardaway and Cezary Trybański.
- January 21, 2005 – Traded with Casey Jacobsen and Jackson Vroman to the New Orleans Hornets for Jim Jackson and 2005 second-round draft pick (used to select Marcin Gortat).
- February 13, 2006 – Traded to the Houston Rockets for Moochie Norris.
Lampe signed a one-year deal with the ULEB Cup (now called EuroCup) club Dynamo Saint Petersburg, however the team went bankrupt shortly thereafter. The bankrupt Dynamo squad was thrown out of the Russian Superleague A one day before the start of the season. Thus, Lampe moved to Khimki. In February 2008, Khimki beat CSKA Moscow in the Russian Cup final and Lampe was awarded the best player (MVP) of the cup final. He then signed a three-year contract extension with Khimki.
Lampe returned to Russia in January 2010, signing with UNICS Kazan.[1] He was voted the 2010–11 season's Russian PBL MVP for the regular season.[2]
Lampe signed a one-year deal with an option for another season with the Israeli Super League club Maccabi Tel Aviv in July 2009.[3]
In July 2011 he signed with Caja Laboral Vitoria for two seasons.[4] In December 2012, Lampe was named the MVP of the month of December in the 2012–13 EuroLeague.[5]
In August 2013, he signed a three-year contract with FC Barcelona.[6]
In July 2016, Lampe signed with the Shenzhen Leopards.[7] He was replaced on the roster before the 2017–18 season with Jared Sullinger because of injury. In November 2017, Lampe signed with the Qingdao Eagles.[8]
On August 19, 2019, he has signed with Sichuan Blue Whales of the Chinese Basketball Association.[9] On October 16, 2019, replaced by Thomas Robinson.[10][11]
On December 31, 2020, he has signed with Wilki Morskie Szczecin of the PLK.[12]
On September 9, 2021, he has signed with TaiwanBeer HeroBears of the T1 League.[13] On December 24, Lampe took a plane to Spain for recovery.[14][15]