Stroke order
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Stroke order (Chinese)
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Stroke order (Japan)
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美 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿土大 (TGK), four-corner 80431, composition ⿱𦍌大)
- 𡮔, 𦎡, 𫝥, 𦏄, 𦏒, 𨷑, 媄, 𰌗, 𥈢, 𠸍, 𢱒, 𦝺, 𣮺, 𣈸, 鎂(镁), 𥖺, 𤧞, 𧶾, 渼, 𪹏, 𮊮, 𣖙, 䓺, 羹, 𬗮, 𥻙, 躾, 𠁍, 𡎤, 嵄, 𬒙, 𨺰, 𮠻, 𨸈, 𬮎, 𠝫, 𪻄, 𫖿
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 951, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28435
- Dae Jaweon: page 1393, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3126, character 5
- Unihan data for U+7F8E
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Old Chinese
|
美
|
*mriʔ
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渼
|
*mriʔ
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媄
|
*mriʔ
|
Pictogram (象形) – a person (大) wearing a headdress (now written 羊) of feathers or ram's horn.
The modern form could be considered an ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 羊 (“ram or feathers”) + 大 (“person”).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mwaj (“beautiful, well, perfectly”) (STEDT).
According to Schuessler (2007), cognate with Mizo mawi (“beautiful, lovely”), Jingpho moi (“perfectly, beautifully”) as well as Karbi me- (“be good”) and Jingpho cha mai (“good”); the former two items from *moy "beautiful" and the latter from *may "good, well", which were two roots reconstructed separately by Benedict (1972).
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): měi (mei3)
- (Zhuyin): ㄇㄟˇ
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мый (mɨy, II)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): mei5
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): mei4
- Gan (Wiktionary): mi3
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): mî
- (Meixian, Guangdong): mi1
- Jin (Wiktionary): mei2
- Northern Min (KCR): mǐ
- Eastern Min (BUC): mī
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): bí
- (Teochew, Peng'im): mui2 / bhuê2
- (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): mui2
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5me
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): mei3
Note:
- mui2 - literary;
- bhuê2 - vernacular.
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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美
|
Reading #
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1/1
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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měi
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Middle Chinese
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‹ mijX ›
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Old Chinese
|
/*[m]rəjʔ/
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English
|
beautiful
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
Character
|
美
|
Reading #
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1/1
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No.
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8951
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Phonetic component
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美
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Rime group
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脂
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Rime subdivision
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2
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Corresponding MC rime
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美
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Old Chinese
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/*mriʔ/
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Notes
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甲文象大人首插翎羽表美觀, 取陳獨秀說
|
美
- beautiful; pretty; attractive; good-looking
- 美人 ― měirén ― beautiful woman
香港的夜景真美啊! [MSC, trad. and simp.]- Xiānggǎng de yèjǐng zhēn měi a! [Pinyin]
- Hong Kong's nightscape is so beautiful!
- delicious; tasty; flavoursome
- 美食 ― měishí ― culinary delicacy
- good; fine; satisfactory; happy
- 美酒 ― měijiǔ ― good wine
- 價廉物美/价廉物美 ― jiàliánwùměi ― to be attractive in price and quality
- to beautify; to prettify
- 美容 ― měiróng ― to improve one's appearance
- to praise; to commend
- (colloquial) to be pleased with oneself
他不就是得了個一百分兒嗎?看把他美得! [MSC, trad.]
他不就是得了个一百分儿吗?看把他美得! [MSC, simp.]- Tā bù jiù shi dé le ge yī bǎi fēnr ma? Kàn bǎ tā měi de! [Pinyin]
- Didn't he just get a one hundred percent? Look at how pleased it made him!
- beautiful things; beauty
- 藝術美/艺术美 ― yìshù měi ― artistic beauty
- 曲線美/曲线美 ― qūxiàn měi ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Short for 美洲 (Měizhōu, “America (continent)”).
- 南美 ― Nánměi ― South America
- Short for 美國/美国 (Měiguó, “United States of America”).
- 美籍華人/美籍华人 ― Měi jí Huárén ― Chinese American
- a surname. Mei
Dialectal synonyms of
漂亮 (“good-looking; beautiful; pretty”)
[map]
Variety
|
Location
|
Words
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Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
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漂亮, 好看, 美, 美麗, 美觀, 佳
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Northeastern Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
好看, 漂亮, 俊
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Taiwan
|
好看, 漂亮
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Chifeng
|
好看, 漂亮, 標緻
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Hulunbuir (Hailar)
|
好看, 漂亮
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Harbin
|
好看, 漂亮, 俊, 美
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Shenyang
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美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻
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Singapore
|
美, 好看, 漂亮, 美麗
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Jilu Mandarin
|
Tianjin
|
好看, 漂亮
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Tangshan
|
好看
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Cangzhou
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好看, 漂亮, 俊
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Baoding
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好看, 漂亮
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Shijiazhuang
|
好看
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Jinan
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好看, 漂亮, 俊, 俊巴, 美
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Jiaoliao Mandarin
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Yantai (Muping)
|
俊
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Qingdao
|
漂亮, 俊
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Central Plains Mandarin
|
Luoyang
|
好看, 漂亮, 美, 標緻
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Wanrong
|
好看
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Zhengzhou
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漂亮, 標緻, 好看, 齊整
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Xi'an
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美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 嫽, 排場, 心疼
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Xining
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好看, 標緻, 俊, 秀溜
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Xuzhou
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好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 俊, 冠冕, 辦事
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Lanyin Mandarin
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Yinchuan
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美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 俊
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Lanzhou
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好看, 漂亮, 美, 俊
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Ürümqi
|
美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 翠活
|
Southwestern Mandarin
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Chengdu
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好看, 漂亮, 乖, 抻抖, 抻展
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Chongqing
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美, 好看, 漂亮, 乖, 抻抖
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Wuhan
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好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 體面, 寧馨, 標, 媌, 刮氣, 美
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Guiyang
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抻透, 抻展, 好看, 漂亮, 秀氣
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Kunming
|
好看, 漂亮, 標緻
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Guilin
|
漂亮
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Liuzhou
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美, 好看, 漂亮, 靚2, 㜺
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Jianghuai Mandarin
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Nanjing
|
好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 不醜
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Yangzhou
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美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 不醜
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Nantong
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好看, 漂亮
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Hefei
|
美, 漂亮, 好看, 格式, 排場
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Cantonese
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Guangzhou
|
靚2, 好睇, 好樣
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Hong Kong
|
靚2, 好睇
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Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
靚2
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Macau
|
靚2
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Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
靚2
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Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
靚2
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Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
靚2
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Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
靚2
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Foshan
|
靚2
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Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
靚2
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Foshan (Shunde)
|
靚2
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Foshan (Sanshui)
|
靚2
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Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
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靚2
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Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
靚2
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Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
|
靚2
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Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
|
靚2
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Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
靚2
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Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
靚2
|
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
靚2
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Taishan
|
靚2
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Kaiping (Chikan)
|
靚2
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Enping (Niujiang)
|
靚2
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Heshan (Yayao)
|
靚2
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Dongguan
|
靚2, 好樣
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Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
靚2
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Yangjiang
|
好看, 好樣, 靚2, 整齊
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Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
靚2
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Penang (Guangfu)
|
靚2
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Singapore (Guangfu)
|
靚2
|
Gan
|
Nanchang
|
客氣, 好看, 漂亮, 齊整
|
Lichuan
|
好看
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Pingxiang
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好看, 客氣, 漂亮, 標緻, 標
|
Hakka
|
Meixian
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好看, 靚2, 靚3, 僐, 勁, 趣, 端, 標緻, 儒雅
|
Xingning
|
靚2
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Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
靚2
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Huiyang
|
靚2
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Huidong (Daling)
|
靚2
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Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
靚2
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Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
靚2
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Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
靚2
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Wuhua (Shuizhai)
|
靚2
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Wuhua (Huacheng)
|
俏, 靚2
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Wuhua (Changbu)
|
靚2
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Wuhua (Mianyang)
|
靚3
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Heyuan (Bendihua)
|
靚2
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Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
靚3
|
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
|
排場
|
Liannan
|
靚2
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Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
|
靚2
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Jiexi
|
靚2
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Changting
|
靚3
|
Wuping
|
靚3
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Wuping (Pingyu)
|
靚3
|
Liancheng
|
靚3
|
Ninghua
|
靚3
|
Yudu
|
標緻, 齊整
|
Ruijin
|
靚3
|
Shicheng
|
像, 標緻, 好看
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Shangyou (Shexi)
|
靚2, 整, 標緻
|
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
靚3
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Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
鬧, 靚3
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Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
靚3
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Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
靚3
|
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
靚3
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Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
靚3
|
Hong Kong
|
靚2
|
Luchuan
|
靚2
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Senai (Huiyang)
|
靚2
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Kuching (Hepo)
|
靚3
|
Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
好看, 標緻, 漂亮
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Shexian
|
好看, 漂亮
|
Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
好看, 襲人, 客戲, 漂亮
|
Xinzhou
|
好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 爽整, 襲人, 緻氣
|
Linhe
|
美, 襲人, 好看, 漂亮
|
Jining
|
好看, 襲人
|
Hohhot
|
好看, 襲人, 俊, 漂亮
|
Zhangjiakou
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美, 好看, 漂亮, 俊
|
Handan
|
美, 好看, 漂亮, 俊俏, 俊
|
Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
好覷, 雅式, 生得好
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Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
俊, 生得好, 卓佳, 好看, 漂亮
|
Singapore (Fuqing)
|
俊
|
Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
媠, 好看
|
Xiamen (Tong'an)
|
媠, 俏
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Quanzhou
|
媠, 媠靡, 㜅, 好看
|
Jinjiang
|
媠, 㜅
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Shishi
|
媠
|
Anxi
|
媠
|
Zhangzhou
|
媠, 好看
|
Zhao'an
|
媠
|
Dongshan
|
媠
|
Taipei
|
媠
|
New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
媠
|
Kaohsiung
|
媠
|
Tainan
|
媠
|
Kinmen
|
媠
|
Penghu (Magong)
|
媠
|
Penang (Hokkien)
|
媠
|
Singapore (Hokkien)
|
媠, 俏
|
Manila (Hokkien)
|
媠, 好看, 㜅
|
Longyan
|
媠
|
Pingnan (Shangdu)
|
靚2
|
Chaozhou
|
雅, 好睇
|
Shantou
|
雅, 媠, 好睇
|
Shantou (Chenghai)
|
雅, 媠
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Shantou (Chaoyang)
|
雅
|
Jieyang
|
雅, 媠, 如雅
|
Puning
|
雅, 生好, 好睇
|
Lufeng
|
媠, 生好
|
Haifeng
|
媠, 生好
|
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
雅
|
Singapore (Teochew)
|
雅
|
Leizhou
|
清楚
|
Wenchang
|
靚4, 好望
|
Haikou
|
靚4, 靚2, 靚仔, 雅目, 都緻
|
Qionghai
|
靚4
|
Singapore (Hainanese)
|
靚4
|
Zhongshan Min
|
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
|
靚2, 好覷
|
Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
㜺, 靚2
|
Wu
|
Shanghai
|
漂亮, 好看, 好看相, 標緻
|
Shanghai (Songjiang)
|
畢㜺
|
Shanghai (Chuansha, Pudong)
|
出客
|
Shanghai (Nanhui, Pudong)
|
出客
|
Shanghai (Fengxian)
|
靈
|
Shanghai (Jinshan)
|
靈
|
Shanghai (Chongming)
|
標緻, 樣式, 登樣
|
Suzhou
|
好看, 標緻, 登樣, 漂亮
|
Danyang
|
好看, 漂亮, 標緻
|
Hangzhou
|
好看, 漂亮
|
Ningbo
|
好看, 漂亮, 㜅, 㜅門, 㜅頭, 出格, 架勢, 細巧, 細相, 登樣
|
Wenzhou
|
好覷, 生好, 骨切
|
Jinhua
|
好望, 俏, 漂亮
|
Xiang
|
Changsha
|
好看, 漂亮, 腆靦, 乖
|
Loudi
|
漂亮
|
Shuangfeng
|
好看, 漂亮
|
美
(Third grade kyōiku kanji)
- beauty; beautiful
美 • (bi) -na (adnominal 美な (bi na), adverbial 美に (bi ni))
- beautiful
Stem forms
|
Imperfective (未然形)
|
美だろ
|
びだろ
|
bi daro
|
Continuative (連用形)
|
美で
|
びで
|
bi de
|
Terminal (終止形)
|
美だ
|
びだ
|
bi da
|
Attributive (連体形)
|
美な
|
びな
|
bi na
|
Hypothetical (仮定形)
|
美なら
|
びなら
|
bi nara
|
Imperative (命令形)
|
美であれ
|
びであれ
|
bi de are
|
Key constructions
|
Informal negative
|
美ではない 美じゃない
|
びではない びじゃない
|
bi de wa nai bi ja nai
|
Informal past
|
美だった
|
びだった
|
bi datta
|
Informal negative past
|
美ではなかった 美じゃなかった
|
びではなかった びじゃなかった
|
bi de wa nakatta bi ja nakatta
|
Formal
|
美です
|
びです
|
bi desu
|
Formal negative
|
美ではありません 美じゃありません
|
びではありません びじゃありません
|
bi de wa arimasen bi ja arimasen
|
Formal past
|
美でした
|
びでした
|
bi deshita
|
Formal negative past
|
美ではありませんでした 美じゃありませんでした
|
びではありませんでした びじゃありませんでした
|
bi de wa arimasen deshita bi ja arimasen deshita
|
Conjunctive
|
美で
|
びで
|
bi de
|
Conditional
|
美なら(ば)
|
びなら(ば)
|
bi nara (ba)
|
Provisional
|
美だったら
|
びだったら
|
bi dattara
|
Volitional
|
美だろう
|
びだろう
|
bi darō
|
Adverbial
|
美に
|
びに
|
bi ni
|
Degree
|
美さ
|
びさ
|
bisa
|
Stem forms
|
Irrealis (未然形)
|
美なら |
びなら |
binara
|
Continuative (連用形)
|
美に[1] 美なり[2] |
びに びなり |
bini binari
|
Terminal (終止形)
|
美なり |
びなり |
binari
|
Attributive (連体形)
|
美なる |
びなる |
binaru
|
Realis (已然形)
|
美なれ |
びなれ |
binare
|
Imperative (命令形)
|
美なれ |
びなれ |
binare
|
Key constructions
|
Negative
|
美ならず |
びならず |
binarazu
|
Contrasting conjunction
|
美なれど |
びなれど |
binaredo
|
Causal conjunction
|
美なれば |
びなれば |
binareba
|
Conditional conjunction
|
美ならば |
びならば |
binaraba
|
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)
|
美なりき |
びなりき |
binariki
|
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)
|
美なりけり |
びなりけり |
binarikeri
|
Adverbial
|
美に |
びに |
bini
|
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb.
|
美 • (bi)
- beauty
- 自然の美
- shizen no bi
- beauty of nature; natural beauty
美 • (mi)
- beauty; beautiful
美 • (-mi)
- suffix used by female given names, such as 奈美 (なみ, Nami), 恵美 (えみ, Emi; めぐみ, Megumi), 宏美 (ひろみ, Hiromi)
- (rare) suffix used by male given names
From Middle Chinese 美 (MC mijX).
Historical Readings
|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
|
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 |
밍〯 (Yale: mǐ)
|
Middle Korean
|
Text |
Eumhun
|
Gloss (hun) |
Reading
|
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575 |
아ᄅᆞᆷ다올 (Yale: alom-tawol) |
미 (Yale: mi)
|
- (USA (in compounds)):
- (beauty; good; etc.):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [mi(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [미(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Wikisource
美 (eumhun 아름다울 미 (areumdaul mi))
- hanja form? of 미 (“beauty; beautiful”) [noun]
- hanja form? of 미 (“the USA, the Americas (in compounds, in news media)”) [proper noun]
Compounds
- 미속 (美俗, misok)
- 미덕 (美德, mideok)
- 미국 (美國, Miguk)
- 미학 (美學, mihak)
- 미술 (美術, misul)
- 미군 (美軍, migun)
- 미인 (美人, miin)
- 감미 (甘美, gammi)
- 한미 (韓美, hanmi)
- 미모 (美貌, mimo)
- 대미 (對美, daemi)
- 미화 (美化, mihwa)
- 반미 (反美, banmi)
- 주미 (駐美, jumi)
- 남미 (南美, Nammi)
- 구미 (歐美, Gumi)
- 북미 (北美, Bungmi)
- 미점 (美點, mijeom)
- 미남 (美男, minam)
- 도미 (渡美, domi)
- 미경 (美景, migyeong)
- 미관 (美觀, migwan)
- 미려 (美麗, miryeo)
- 미식 (美式, misik)
- 미풍 (美風, mipung)
- 찬미 (讚美, chanmi)
- 미명 (美名, mimyeong)
- 미용 (美容, miyong)
- 전미 (全美, jeonmi)
- 미녀 (美女, minyeo)
- 미적 (美的, mijeok)
- 미주 (美洲, miju)
- 극미 (極美, geungmi)
- 미감 (美感, migam)
- 미림 (美林, mirim)
- 미주 (美酒, miju)
- 재미 (在美, jaemi)
- 미경 (美境, migyeong)
- 미장 (美粧, mijang)
- 미칭 (美稱, miching)
- 찬미 (讚美, chanmi)
- 탐미 (耽美, tammi)
- 미과 (美果, migwa)
- 방미 (訪美, bangmi)
- 미소 (美蘇, miso)
- 미일 (美日, miil)
- 고미 (高美, gomi)
- 미대 (美大, midae)
- 미백 (美白, mibaek)
- 미사 (美事, misa)
- 미식 (美食, misik)
- 미안 (美顔, mian)
- 미언 (美言, mieon)
- 미호 (美好, miho)
- 화미 (華美, hwami)
- 미성 (美聲, miseong)
- 미묘 (美妙, mimyo)
- 미문 (美文, mimun)
- 미본 (美本, mibon)
- 미색 (美色, misaek)
- 미소년 (美少年, misonyeon)
- 미소녀 (美少女, misonyeo)
- 미국 영어 (美國英語, Miguk yeong'eo)
美 • (Mi) (hangeul 미)
- (in headlines) Short for 美國 (Miguk, “the USA”).
美, 제안-에 대해 긍정적 입장 보여- Mi, jeane daehae geungjeongjeok ipjang boyeo
- The United States expressed a positive attitude toward the proposal.
A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
美: Hán Việt readings: mỹ[1][2], mĩ[3]
美: Nôm readings: mẻ[2][3][4], mẹ[1][2], mỹ[1][2], mẽ[1][4], mỉa[1][4], mở[1], mỉ[3], mĩ[4]
- chữ Hán form of mĩ/mỹ (“beautiful; pretty; good”).