lokys

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Lokiniai

Wikipedia ^lt

From Proto-Baltic *tlāk- (with reduction of the “difficult” cluster tl to l), and cognate with Latvian lācis, Old Prussian clokis (klokis) (< *tlokis), Tlokunpelk (“Prussian placename”, literally “bear swamp”), Sudovian łukas. The term replaced the original word for bear, Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (which may have survived as a fossilized compound in the word irštvà (“bear's den”), as part of a taboo seen in many other other Indo-European branches. The Baltic terms are of unclear further origin:^[1]

• Perhaps related to Proto-Slavic *dòlka (“hair”), assuming an earlier form of *tlaka for the Slavic. This is preferred by Derksen.
• Connected to làkti (“to lick, lap”), with bears being conceived as “(honey) lickers”; this is formally irreconcilable with the Old Prussian cognate above.
• According to Kortlandt, related to tìlti (“to become silent”), assuming an earlier form of tìlkti for the latter. This is phonetically bold and semantically tenuous.
• Smoczynski, doubting the originality of the anlaut tl- of the Old Prussian forms, instead derives the Baltic terms from an originally adjectival unattested compound žmoglokỹs (“man-mauling”) > "man-mauler", with the initial part of the compound (žmogùs (“human”)) dropping out, taking the second part as being from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂k- (“to tear, rend”) and comparing Latin lacer (“lacerated”). This assumption regarding the Old Prussian anlaut is phonetically bold, and the derivation from *leh₂k-, otherwise unattested in Baltic, is somewhat ad hoc.

• IPA^(key): [loˈkʲiːs]

lokỹs m (plural lokiaĩ) stress pattern 3

1. bear (animal)

   Synonym: meškà

2. sloven, slob (untidy person)