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Based on original empirical findings, the article stages the practices of food rescue associated with the application Too Good To Go (TGTG) which is claimed to be the world’s largest B2C platform for surplus food. The central aim is to reveal to what extent these practices in fact initiate changes in our current food system. Conceptually, we combine our explorations with a diverse economies perspective. This approach provides a new perspective on both how the integration into the practice conglomerate TGTG reconfigures operational processes regarding food waste, and the challenges associated with such a market-led strategy.

The transplantation of human corneas of the eye is the most common tissue transplantation worldwide. The human tissue required for this is partly traded internationally but obtained through donations. Relatively little is known about the organisation of transnational commodity chains. Starting from a problematisation of the ontological status of human biological material in general and corneas in particular as commodity or donation, the article first places the issue in a broader discussion about the generation of biovalue through the commodification of the human body and outlines its marketisation. From this, as well as from the discussion of the state of knowledge to date and of data material on the supply of corneas, extraction rates and assumptions about global trade based on these, the article derives an approach to the analysis of this commodity chain, its organisation and regulation, which places tissue banks at the centre as intermediary actors.

In the late 1930 s Hans Kelsen supplemented his Pure Theory of law with an evolutionist model of human social institutions, identifying what he considered to be the minimum content of a legal order and the attributes of the earliest legal orders. He argued that more rational alternatives necessarily developed through social evolution, but that the unevenness of the process allowed the survival of relics of earlier rational legal orders. Among these evolutionary relics were the ideology of retributivism and perhaps the practice of retribution. Kelsen made numerous attempts to integrate this insight into the Pure Theory, without success; this in turn may help explain both his abandonment of the evolutionist model in the 1940 s and his radical revision of the Pure Theory in the 1960 s.

The modern time regime was constituted by the common belief in an open future promising progress and growth. Modern law has been adapted to these temporalities and founded on similar paradigms. Positivist law is strictly separated from nature, subject to permanent change and legitimated solely by human will and ratio. Since the 1970s the modern time regime has been out of joint. Due to multiple crises societies now tend to expect a limited future, some even fear apocalyptic scenarios. This change in future expectations has triggered cultural turns having an impact on the law. The Anthropocene demands law to be re-orientated to natural events. Digitalization raises legal debates about how to make future predictions and about the extent to which data about the past may be stored and when it should be forgotten. Since the future seems to hold no promise of improvement anymore, societies turn back to their past. The law is supposed to solve the arising conflicts over past injustice. This article aims to investigate these changes in legal paradigms and to elaborate on the role that the law could play in repairing the modern time regime.

This paper analyses the reemerging concept of evil in political science and international relations. Evil is approached as the link between the metaphorical and the metaphysical that is used to sacralize politics. After introducing the concepts of metaphor, metaphysics and the sacred, we expand on the definition of evil by drawing on existing philosophical and theological literature. We proceed to analyze its effects in politics by applying our findings to examples from the United States, Russia, India, Myanmar, Israel, ISIS and Al-Qaeda. The paper addresses the political potential of the common evil for building international communities in the third section. We conclude that the concept of evil achieves the sacralization of politics by effacing itself, that is, by becoming metaphysical. The metaphor of evil, then, is most successful precisely when it is no longer a metaphor at all but deemed a metaphysical reality.

In Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes introduces an imaginary figure, the Fool, who disputes the third law of nature, saying: ‘that man perform their covenants made’. According to the Fool, ‘there is no such thing as justice’. Also, it is not ‘against reason’ to break a covenant if it is to one’s own advantage to do so. Hobbes claims that the Fool is wrong, but where exactly does the latter’s folly lie? Commentators have found Hobbes’s answer to be surprisingly vague. This paper examines Hobbes’s reply and how commentators have tried to assist him. It argues that Hobbes’s vagueness reflects an unresolved tension between - in the words of John Rawls - the ‘rational’ and the ‘reasonable’ in his theory, a tension that has in turn led to contradictory interpretations.

Human dignity is an omnipresent current concept exhibiting a seemingly unparalleled normative force and moral authority. However, the recent inflated occurrence of this concept made it subject to harsh criticisms echoing the assertion of it constituting a void quasi-moralistic artifice. In the pursuit of refuting dignity scepticism and highlighting the normative significance of the concept of human dignity, this paper draws on different approaches to human dignity. Firstly, the term “human dignity” shall be approached from a systematic and historical perspective. Secondly, possible justifications of human dignity throughout the history of ideas shall be approached. Thirdly, the emergence of the legal conception of human dignity and its central importance in normative systems shall briefly be touched upon.

Wer Deutschland in Zukunft pflegt, das ist völlig offen. Es ist eine der zentralen gesellschaftlichen und sozialpolitischen Fragen unserer Zeit. Wir werden mit den Pflegekräften auskommen müssen, die wir haben, so die Befunde zu Pflegepersonalbedarfsanalysen. Wir werden trotz sich verändernder Mentalitäten in der Langzeitpflege auf Solidarität innerhalb von Familien, aber auch Nachbarschaften und Freundschaften zu setzen haben. Ob und inwieweit sich das Geschäft der Pflege für die immer dominierender werdenden renditegesteuerten Unternehmen lohnt und sie ihren Beitrag für die Versorgungssicherheit in Deutschland leisten, ist offen. In dem Buch werden in (berufs-)biografischer Reflexion(en) Entwicklungen der Pflege in den letzten Jahrzehnten herausgearbeitet, die grundlegenden Dilemmata identifiziert und analysiert und Perspektiven für die Zukunft skizziert. Eine wichtige Rolle dabei spielt die Pflegepolitik und ihre nicht nur halbherzige, sondern höchst ambivalente Aufnahme von Pflegethemen. Sie wird gefragt sein, wenn das sozialverfassungsrechtliche Versprechen: „Für Dich wird gesorgt sein" eingelöst werden soll. Dabei geht es mitnichten allein um bessere Bezahlung von Pflegekräften, um andere Personalschlüssel. Es geht um die Gestaltung eines auf Effizienz und Solidarität basierenden Pflegesystems. 　 　 Die Themen des Buches: 1. Pflegenotstand seit den 1970er Jahren? Ein Dauerthema in verschiedenen Variationen und Kontexten 2. Familienpflege in alten und neuen Figurationen: Zwischen Solidarität, Erfüllung, Aufopferung und Ausbeutung 3. Deutschland, die pflegeerfahrene Nation 4. Pflege als Geschäft: Vom Korporatismus zum Kapitalismus 5. Die Abschreckungsfunktion von Pflegeheimen und ihr Beitrag für die Sicherung der Pflege 6. Neue Formen der Vergesellschaftung von Pflegeaufgaben: Das Leitbild der geteilten Verantwortung 7. Wer pflegt Deutschland? Personalbedarf in der Pflege 8. Das Rückgrat der Pflege: Die ambulante Versorgung 9. Brauchbare Illegalität: Live-Ins als Lösung? 10. Das Schicksal von pflegebedürftigen Kindern und ihren Familien 11. Die Professionellen der Pflege: Ein Bildungsproblem 12. Demokratisierung der Pflege und die Zivilgesellschaft 13. Perspektive I: Regionale Gesundheits- und Pflegeversorgungskonzepte 14. Perspektive II: Caring Community 15. Perspektive III: Pflege als Familienpolitik Der Text soll ergänzt werden durch Kurzinterviews mit relevanten Pflegepolitiker*innen, Pflegefunktionär*innen, pflegenden Angehörigen, Kommunalpolitikern. Zu ihnen sollen gehören: Elisabeth Beikirch, Helmut Wallrafen, Annette Riedel, Frau Müller (Ehrenpräsidentin des DPR), Christel Bienenstein, Ursula Nonnenmacher, Claus Fussek, Malu Dreyer, Stephan Weil und andere. Auf diese Weise sollen die Analysen und Perspektiven in einen inszenierten Dialog eingebunden werden. Nicht nur Expert*innen sollen zu Wort kommen, sondern auch Pflegende selbst. Hier kann der Verfasser auf umfangreiches, empirisches Material aus qualitativen Studien zur Situation der Pflege zurückgreifen.