Rhode Island Constitution
| Rhode Island Constitution |
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| Articles |
| Preamble • I • II • III • IV • V • VI • VII • VIII • IX • X • XI • XII • XIII • XIV • XV |
The Rhode Island Constitution is the state constitution of Rhode Island.
- The current Rhode Island Constitution was adopted in 1986.
- Rhode Island has had two constitutions.
- The current state constitution has 15 articles.
- The current Rhode Island Constitution has been amended 14 times.[1]
- Voters last approved a new amendment to the Rhode Island Constitution on November 3, 2020.
A state constitution is the fundamental document that outlines a state's framework for governance, including the powers, structure, and limitations of the state government, individual and civil rights, and other matters.
Features
The Rhode Constitution describes the structure and function of the government of Rhode Island. It consists of a preamble followed by 15 articles.[2]
Background
On May 4, 1776, Rhode Island became the first American colony to renounce allegiance to King George III, and the last state to ratify the United States Constitution on May 29, 1790. Rhode Island did not adopt a state constitution until November 1842, which became effective in May 1843. Prior to this time, the state was governed by the original royal charter granted in 1663. Rhode Island functioned as a parliamentary form of government, in which the legislature held all of the power. This remained in force until 2005.[3]
In 1984, Rhode Island voters approved a referendum to call for a constitutional convention, which convened in 1986. Voters approved the new constitution on November 4, 1986.[3]
Preamble
The preamble to the Rhode Island Constitution states:
Amendments
- Amended on November 3, 2022, with voter approval of Question 1.
Article I: Declaration of Certain Constitutional Rights and Principles
- See also: Article I, Rhode Island Constitution
Article I of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Declaration of Certain Constitutional Rights and Principles" and consists of 24 sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article II: Suffrage
- See also: Article II, Rhode Island Constitution
Article II of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of Suffrage" and consists of two sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article III: Of Qualification for Office
- See also: Article III, Rhode Island Constitution
Article III of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of Qualification for Office" and consists of eight sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article IV: Of Elections and Campaign Finance
- See also: Article IV, Rhode Island Constitution
Article IV of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of Elections and Campaign Finance" and consists of ten sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article V: Of the Distribution of Powers
- See also: Article V, Rhode Island Constitution
Article V of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of the Distribution of Powers" and consists of one section.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article VI: Of the Legislative Power
- See also: Article VI, Rhode Island Constitution
Article VI of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of the Legislative Power" and consists of 22 sections, one of which has been repealed.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article VII: Of the House of Representatives
- See also: Article VII, Rhode Island Constitution
Article VII of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of the House of Representatives" and consists of two sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article VIII: Of the Senate
- See also: Article VIII, Rhode Island Constitution
Article VIII of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of the Senate" and consists of four sections, two of which have been repealed.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article IX: Of the Executive Power
- See also: Article IX, Rhode Island Constitution
Article IX of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of the Executive Power" and consists of 17 sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article X: Of the Judicial Power
- See also: Article X, Rhode Island Constitution
Article X of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of the Judicial Power" and consists of seven sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article XI: Of Impeachments
- See also: Article XI, Rhode Island Constitution
Article XI of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of Impeachments" and consists of three sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article XII: Of Education
- See also: Article XII, Rhode Island Constitution
Article XII of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Of Education" and consists of four sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article XIII: Home Rule for Cities and Towns
- See also: Article XIII, Rhode Island Constitution
Article XIII of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Home Rule for Cities and Towns" and consists of eleven sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article XIV: Constitutional Amendments and Revision
- See also: Article XIV, Rhode Island Constitution
Article XIV of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "Constitutional Amendments and Revisions" and consists of two sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Article XV: General Transition
- See also: Article XV, Rhode Island Constitution
Article XV of the Rhode Island Constitution is entitled "General Transition" and consists of four sections.
Click here to read this article of the Rhode Island Constitution.
Amending the constitution
- Main article: Article XIV, Rhode Island Constitution
There are two paths by which the Rhode Island Constitution can be changed: the legislatively referred constitutional amendment and the constitutional convention. Rhode Island residents do not have the power of initiated constitutional amendments.
Legislature
A simple majority vote is required during one legislative session for the Rhode Island State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 20 votes in the Rhode Island House of Representatives and 38 votes in the Rhode Island State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
Convention
According to section 2 of Article XIV of the Rhode Island Constitution, a simple majority vote in one legislative session is required for the state legislature to place a constitutional convention question on the ballot. A simple majority vote of the electorate is required to call the convention. The state constitution also requires that a state constitutional convention question is provided to voters at least 10 years after the prior question. Rhode Island is one of 14 states that provides for an automatic constitutional convention question.
The table below shows the last and next constitutional convention question election years:
| State | Interval | Last question on the ballot | Next question on the ballot |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rhode Island | 10 years | 2014 | 2024 |
See also
- State constitution
- Constitutional article
- Constitutional amendment
- Constitutional revision
- Constitutional convention
- Amendments
External links
- Rhode Island General Assembly, "Constitution of the State of Rhode Island"
- Roots Web, "Rhode Island History"
Footnotes
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