Statistical data are the outcomes or the observations which occur in scientific experiments or an investigation. To conduct any analysis it is must to have some data. Without data we can not think about research or statistical analysis. In statistics, data plays a vital role in all the fields and all the theories and measurement. Measure of central tendency (mean, median, mode), measure of dispersion (variance, mean deviation, standard deviation, etc) are some statistical measure by which we find the different characteristics of the data.
For example, In a garments factory, we want to find the female workers’ height and weight. If we consider the size in feet and weight in kilograms, then we get some numerical values, which are the numerical data.
All statistical data may be classified into two categories. we can divide data into two categories depending on the data collection as, Following are the methods of collection of data: Statistical data are defined under some random variable where one random variable contains same characteristics of data. Such as height is random variable where we include all the data which represents height. We collect data from a certain area which is called study area. All the data present in the study are is called population. Generally population size is very large that’s why we collect the representative part from the population which is called sample.