A radiology report serves as an intermediary between a radiologist and referring clinician for suggesting
appropriate treatment to the patients, aimed at better healthcare management. It is essentially a tool
that assists radiologists in conveying their input to the patients and clinicians regarding positive or negative findings on a case. The objective of this paper is to discuss and propose Radiology Information & Reporting System (RIRS), highlight challenges governing its implementation and suggest way forwards
towards its effective implementation across the public sector tertiary care institutions of Pakistan. In the end, it is concluded that the proposed RIRS would potentially offer enormous benefits in terms of cost
savings, reporting accuracy, faster processing and operational efficiency as opposed to the conventionally available manual radiology reporting procedures and systems.
Cheminformatics plays a key role in modern drug discovery by helping chemists organize and analyze the vast amounts of chemical data being produced. It combines fields like chemistry, biology, and informatics to transform data into knowledge. Specifically, cheminformatics aids in tasks like identifying drug targets, finding lead compounds, optimizing leads, and conducting pre-clinical trials through methods such as high-throughput screening, structure-activity modeling, and predictive toxicity analysis. It also provides tools for tasks like drawing and searching chemical structures in databases.
Cost profiles of colorectal cancer patients in Italy based on individual patt...Enrique Moreno Gonzalez
Due to changes in cancer-related risk factors, improvements in diagnostic procedures and treatments, and the aging of the population, in most developed countries cancer accounts for an increasing proportion of health care expenditures. The analysis of cancer-related costs is a topic of several economic and epidemiological studies and represents a research area of great interest to public health planners and policy makers. In Italy studies are limited either to some specific types of expenditures or to specific groups of cancer patients. Aim of the paper is to estimate the distribution of cancer survivors and associated health care expenditures according to a disease pathway which identifies three clinically relevant phases: initial (one year following diagnosis), continuing (between initial and final) and final (one year before death).
EFFICACY OF NON-NEGATIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION FOR FEATURE SELECTION IN CANCER...IJDKP
Over the past few years, there has been a considerable spread of microarray technology in many biological patterns, particularly in those pertaining to cancer diseases like leukemia, prostate, colon cancer, etc. The primary bottleneck that one experiences in the proper understanding of such datasets lies in their dimensionality, and thus for an efficient and effective means of studying the same, a reduction in their dimension to a large extent is deemed necessary. This study is a bid to suggesting different algorithms and approaches for the reduction of dimensionality of such microarray datasets.This study exploits the matrix-like structure of such microarray data and uses a popular technique called Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) to reduce the dimensionality, primarily in the field of biological data. Classification accuracies are then compared for these algorithms.This technique gives an accuracy of 98%.
EFFICACY OF NON-NEGATIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION FOR FEATURE SELECTION IN CANCER...IJDKP
Over the past few years, there has been a considerable spread of microarray technology in many
biological patterns, particularly in those pertaining to cancer diseases like leukemia, prostate, colon
cancer, etc. The primary bottleneck that one experiences in the proper understanding of such datasets lies
in their dimensionality, and thus for an efficient and effective means of studying the same, a reduction in
their dimension to a large extent is deemed necessary. This study is a bid to suggesting different algorithms
and approaches for the reduction of dimensionality of such microarray datasets.This study exploits the
matrix-like structure of such microarray data and uses a popular technique called Non-Negative Matrix
Factorization (NMF) to reduce the dimensionality, primarily in the field of biological data. Classification
accuracies are then compared for these algorithms.This technique gives an accuracy of 98%
This document discusses machine learning and network analysis approaches for predicting clinically relevant outcomes from biomedical data. It describes the research group led by Francisco Azuaje at the Luxembourg Institute of Health that uses these techniques. Their approaches involve representing biological data as networks, extracting topological features, and using models like deep learning on these features to integrate multi-omics data and predict outcomes like disease progression or drug response. They have applied these methods successfully to neuroblastoma and leukemia patient datasets. The research aims to advance biological understanding and identify biomarkers and drug targets through interpretable network-based machine learning models.
Many molecules in nature have geometry, which enables
them to exist as non-superimposable mirror images, or enantiomers.
Modulation of toxicity of such molecules provides
possibility for therapeutics, since they target
multiple points in biochemical pathways. It was hypothesized
that toxicity of a chemical agent, could be counteracted
by a homeopathic preparation of the enantiomer of
the chemical agent
Microarrays can be used for medical diagnosis and treatment, biotechnological research, and security. In medicine, microarrays help discover gene targets and potential drugs, enable diagnostics, and support personalized treatment. They also aid various biotech research like identifying new genes, studying organism evolution, and analyzing environmental toxins. Microarrays additionally assist national security by detecting biological warfare agents and support forensic investigation through DNA analysis.
The Evolution of Future Medicine - WE Medicine - To Meet Unmet Medical Needs_...CrimsonpublishersCancer
The medicines needed today are not just for the treatment of disease, but for the treatment of the whole person across his or her lifetime - from disease prevention to disease progression, modulating the efficacy and safety of other medicines, and improving quality of life.
Currently many pharmaceutical and biotech companies are focusing primarily on the treatment versus the prevention of disease, with the exception of developing vaccines against infectious agents as preventative measurement. Developing small molecule medicines still largely applies a reductionist approach focused on a particular target and developing selective and potent chemicals aimed at it. The advancement of knowledge and modern technologies has facilitated the reductionist approach and led to the discovery of a few interesting target- oriented drugs with varying degrees of success, however this approach has not been satisfactory for the treatment of more complex, heterogeneous diseases which are often associated with the aging process [1]. It is recognized that the selected target in most cases is not only important for the pathogenesis of disease, but also plays an important role in the normal functions of the body. With highly potent chemicals used on long term basis, toxicity in normal tissues will often evolve.
Presenter: Marina Sirota, UCSF
Recent advances in genome typing and sequencing technologies have enabled quick generation of a vast amount of molecular data at very low cost. The mining and computational analysis of this type of data can help shape new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in biomedicine. In this talk, I will discuss how such technological advances in combination with data science and integrative analysis can be applied to drug discovery in the context of drug target identification, computational drug repurposing, and population stratification approaches.
1. Bioinformatics uses computer science and information technology to analyze biological data and assist with drug discovery. It helps identify drug targets and design drug candidates.
2. The drug design process involves identifying a disease target, studying compounds of interest, detecting molecular disease bases, rational drug design, refinement, and testing. Bioinformatics tools assist with each step.
3. CADD uses computational methods to simulate drug-receptor interactions and is heavily dependent on bioinformatics tools and databases. It supports techniques like virtual screening, sequence analysis, homology modeling, and physicochemical modeling to aid drug development.
The document discusses how technology has helped shed light on cancer through research using large facilities like synchrotron radiation and neutron laboratories. Over 100,000 protein structures have been determined using these techniques to better understand biochemical processes and design drugs. Countries are investing in new facilities to advance scientific development and tackle challenges like cancer. Nanotechnology and drug delivery systems combined with characterization techniques can improve cancer treatment methods.
Competition genomic medicine presentationResearchsio
Prepared By Roman Sharkar and Mir Tasfiq Alam. Both of them are students of the B.Pharm Program in Bangladesh. They prepared this ppt file from their choice of interest which is Genomic Medicine. Hope this will handly to the others who are interested in this topic !!
This document discusses chronic prostatitis and the potential role of clinical pharmacists in improving treatment. It notes that current drug therapies for conditions like chronic prostatitis often have high relapse rates. The document suggests that clinical pharmacists could help develop new drug delivery systems to better target treatment to the prostate and improve outcomes. It argues pharmaceutical companies may underestimate the need for innovative delivery methods to more effectively treat chronic prostatitis and other conditions with current therapies.
This document discusses the need for new approaches in pharmacology research to improve treatment outcomes for various diseases. It suggests exploring endogenous archeological science and endogenous toxicology to develop new therapeutic strategies. These new approaches may help treat neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, infections, and other conditions more effectively by considering environmental and social factors. The document also notes the high costs of healthcare and need for more affordable treatments, especially in developing countries. New areas of research like nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and cellular-level therapies may lead to less toxic drugs that can better target disease pathways.
1) The document discusses precision medicine in cancer treatment, which is a medical model that takes into account individual variability in genes, lifestyle, and environment to tailor treatment for each patient.
2) Precision medicine aims to improve cancer treatment outcomes by using biomarkers and genetic/molecular analysis to identify the specific causes of a patient's cancer and select targeted therapies.
3) This approach could help increase survival rates, reduce side effects, and improve overall treatment efficacy compared to traditional one-size-fits-all cancer care.
The document analyzes the direct costs of treating breast cancer patients at the National Institute of Cancerology in Mexico prior to the introduction of immunotherapy. A total of 633 patients treated in 2004 were studied. The costs were calculated for each stage of care including diagnosis/staging, treatment, follow-up, and palliative care. The average annual cost of treatment per patient increased with each successive stage of disease from $6,219.94 for stage I to $9,917.82 for stage IV. The total direct cost of treating all 633 breast cancer patients in 2004 was calculated to be $5,341,805.37. The study concluded that costs of care increased with more advanced disease stages due in part to late
European Science Foundation position paperEuroBioForum
This document discusses the importance of European biobanks and cohorts for advancing personalized medicine. It argues that Europe currently has some of the most extensive biobanks and population cohorts in the world due to past investments. However, these resources will lose value if not maintained. The document recommends that the next EU framework program include special calls to fund the long-term maintenance of existing biobanks and cohorts, as well as their expansion and harmonization. This will help Europe maximize the potential of these assets and retain its leadership in personalized medicine.
This systematic review analyzed data from 38 studies on rates of problematic opioid use among chronic pain patients prescribed opioids. The key findings were:
1. Rates of problematic use varied widely across studies, from 1% to 81%.
2. When weighted averages were calculated, rates of misuse averaged between 21-29% and rates of addiction averaged between 8-12%.
3. Only one study directly reported rates of abuse.
4. Few differences emerged when analyzing rates based on study characteristics, though rates of addiction may be lower in studies where assessing prevalence was the primary aim.
5. Significant variability remains in the literature, but this review provides guidance on possible average rates of different types of problematic
Current Concepts in Laboratory Testing to Guide Antimicrobial TherapyPathogens Outlook
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is recommended for pathogens causing infections that warrant antibiotic treatment if susceptibility cannot be reliably predicted based on the pathogen's identity. AST determines the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics.
- Several laboratory methods are available for AST, including agar and broth dilution methods which test serial dilutions of antibiotics to determine the MIC. Breakpoint values define antibiotic concentrations as susceptible, intermediate, or resistant.
- The document discusses various AST methods and considerations for interpreting their results to guide appropriate antibiotic selection.
Ontologies for Semantic Normalization of Immunological DataYannick Pouliot
This document discusses using ontologies to semantically normalize immunological data from the Human Immune Profiling Consortium (HIPC). 57 ontologies covering domains like anatomy, disease, pathways were evaluated. Text from HIPC datasets and protocols was annotated using these ontologies, with the NCI Thesaurus, Medical Subject Headings, and Gene Ontology mapping to the most terms. Many failures were due to missing commercial reagent terms. The conclusions are that ImmPort, the HIPC data repository, could adopt ontology-based encoding with additions to ontologies and text pre-processing.
ciclo autonomico-short paper - Witfor 2016 paper_42.. ..
This paper presents an ongoing project to develop a biocomputational platform to analyze genomic data from cancer patients and bacteria in Costa Rica. The platform will integrate genomic data processing, prediction of drug sensitivity, and identification of new therapeutic targets. It will use pattern recognition techniques and mathematical models on genomic and drug response data to predict personalized therapy. Preliminary results include databases to store cancer and bacteria genomic data, and tools for exploring relationships between genomic features and drug responses. The platform aims to help identify optimal personalized treatments to overcome drug resistance in cancer and bacterial infections.
Bioinformatics in the Clinical Pipeline: Contribution in Genomic Medicineiosrjce
This document discusses the role of bioinformatics in clinical medicine and genomic drug development. It begins by outlining how bioinformatics tools like databases and high-throughput sequencing have generated large amounts of biological and medical data that can be used to better understand diseases at the molecular level. This data is increasingly being stored in electronic medical records to facilitate research. The document then discusses how bioinformatics approaches like computational modeling can speed up the drug development process and reduce costs. It also notes that next-generation sequencing is becoming a useful clinical diagnostic tool. Finally, it concludes that while challenges remain, bioinformatics tools hold promise for improving healthcare by enabling more personalized genomic medicine.
This document discusses bioinformatics and its applications in vaccine discovery. It begins with an introduction to bioinformatics, describing it as an interdisciplinary field that develops tools to analyze biological data using computer science, mathematics, and statistics. It then discusses the objectives and need for bioinformatics, as well as important bioinformatics databases. Next, it provides an overview of the concept of bioinformatics and how it has expanded from analyzing sequence data to include modeling and other areas. Finally, it details the impact of bioinformatics on vaccine discovery through approaches like reverse vaccinology, immunoinformatics, and structural vaccinology that use bioinformatics to select antigens and design new generation vaccines.
The document defines several key terms related to medical informatics and computational biology. It provides definitions of medical informatics from various experts that describe it as the intersection of information science, computer science, social science, behavioral science and healthcare. It deals with optimizing the acquisition, storage, retrieval, and use of medical information. Bioinformatics is defined as using computers to collect, classify, store, and analyze biochemical and biological information, especially related to molecular genetics and genomics. Computational biology develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data by combining computer science, statistics, mathematics and engineering to study biological data.
Estimating the Statistical Significance of Classifiers used in the Predictio...IOSR Journals
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the statistical significance of different classifiers for predicting tuberculosis. The paper first compares the accuracy of classifiers like decision trees, support vector machines, k-nearest neighbor, and naive Bayes on tuberculosis data. It then evaluates the performance of these classifiers using a paired t-test to select the optimal model. The results showed that support vector machines and decision trees were not statistically significant, while support vector machines combined with naive Bayes and k-nearest neighbor were statistically significant.
Machine learning techniques are needed to analyze the vast amounts of genomic and clinical data being generated through techniques like next-generation sequencing and electronic medical records. This data holds promise for advancing cancer research, but traditional methods cannot handle the scale and complexity of big data. Machine learning algorithms can extract useful insights from these large datasets to help diagnose, treat, and cure cancer patients.
Bio-Statistics newer advances, Scope & Challenges in Bio-Medical Researchkomalicarol
Biostatistics also known as biometry which means ‘measurement
of life’ is a branch of applied statistics which deals with collection,
compilation, analysis and interpretation of data related to biomedical sciences. It provides a key to better understanding of the medical discipline. Biological data are always subjected to variation
and are affected by various environmental, social and genetic factors etc
Technology R&D Theme 2: From Descriptive to Predictive NetworksAlexander Pico
National Resource for Networks Biology's TR&D Theme 2: Genomics is mapping complex data about human biology and promises major medical advances. However, the routine use of genomics data in medical research is in its infancy, due mainly to the challenges of working with highly complex “big data”. In this theme, we will use network information to help organize, analyze and integrate these data into models that can be used to make clinically relevant diagnoses and predictions about an individual.
Application of Microarray Technology and softcomputing in cancer BiologyCSCJournals
DNA microarray technology has emerged as a boon to the scientific community in understanding the growth and development of life as well as in widening their knowledge in exploring the genetic causes of anomalies occurring in the working of the human body. microarray technology makes biologists be capable of monitoring expression of thousands of genes in a single experiment on a small chip. Extracting useful knowledge and info from these microarray has attracted the attention of many biologists and computer scientists. Knowledge engineering has revolutionalized the way in which the medical data is being looked at. Soft computing is a branch of computer science capable of analyzing complex medical data. Advances in the area of microarray –based expression analysis have led to the promise of cancer diagnosis using new molecular based approaches. Many studies and methodologies have come up which analyszes the gene espression data by using the techniques in data mining such as feature selection, classification, clustering etc. emboiding the soft computing methods for more accuracy. This review is an attempt to look at the recent advances in cancer research with DNA microarray technology , data mining and soft computing techniques.
Research trends in different pharmaceutical areas: Natural product chemistry
Imtiaj Hossain Chowdhury
B’Pharm (Jahangirnagar University), M’Pharm (Jahangirnagar University)
Master’s in Public Health (American International University Bangladesh)
Big data approaches to healthcare systemsShubham Jain
The idea behind this presentation is to explore how big data will revolutionize existing healthcare system effectively by reducing healthcare concerns such as the selection of appropriate treatment paths, quality of healthcare systems and so on. Large amount of unstructured data is available in various organizations (payers, providers, pharmaceuticals). We will discuss all the intricacies involved in massive datasets of healthcare systems and how combination of VPH technologies and big data resulted into some mind-boggling consequences. Major opportunities in healthcare includes the integration of various data pools such as clinical data, pharmaceutical R&D data and patient behaviour and sentiment data. Finding potential insights from big data with the help of medical image processing techniques, predictive modelling etc. will eventually help us to leverage the ever-increasing costs of care, help providers practice more effective medicine, empower patients and caregivers, support fitness and preventive self-care, and to dream about more personalized medicine.
Bioinformatics: Bioinformatics, Healthcare Informatics and Analytics for Improved Healthcare System, Intelligent Monitoring and Control for Improved Healthcare System.
The document discusses Mahtab Nourbakhsh's research project called "Antagonists of Protein-Protein Interactions" (APPI). The multidisciplinary project brings together translational genomics, molecular biology, and chemical biology. It aims to identify gene polymorphisms associated with diseases like end-stage renal disease and gastric cancer, characterize the functional impact of these polymorphisms, and develop cell-based assays and screens to identify compounds that target disease-causing protein-protein interactions. The project is conducted in collaboration with the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Translational Genomics Research Institute.
This document provides an overview of proteomics. It discusses the goals of proteomics including global protein analysis, expression, function, and biomarker discovery. It covers different types of proteomics like expression, structural, and functional proteomics. Methods for protein measurement like mass spectrometry and 2D gel electrophoresis are described. The document discusses clinical applications of proteomics in areas like cancer, infectious diseases, CNS disorders and cardiovascular disease. It also touches on challenges like target discovery and costs, as well as future perspectives and conclusions on the potential of proteomics.
The document introduces bioinformatics and discusses its goals and applications. Bioinformatics involves using computational tools and databases to analyze and understand biological data like DNA, RNA, and proteins. It has two main subfields - developing computational tools and databases, and applying these tools to generate biological knowledge and insights into living systems. Bioinformatics aims to better understand cells at the molecular level and how they function. It has applications in areas like drug design, forensics, agriculture, and medicine.
How Genomics & Data analysis are intertwined each other (1).pdfNusrat Gulbarga
Genomics and data analysis are closely linked because genomics generates vast amounts of data, which requires sophisticated computational and analytical tools to process and interpret. Genomics involves sequencing, assembling, and annotating the genome, which produces large datasets that require bioinformatics and computational analysis. Data analysis techniques such as machine learning, statistical analysis, and data visualization are critical for interpreting genomic data, identifying patterns, and making meaningful conclusions. In turn, genomic data analysis helps to advance our understanding of genetics, biology, and disease, leading to new discoveries and advances in medicine, agriculture, and other fields. Without data analysis, genomic research would be limited in its ability to extract insights from the vast amounts of genomic data that are generated. Genomics and data analysis are intertwined because genomics generates vast amounts of data that require advanced computational and statistical methods to interpret and analyze. Genomics is the study of an organism's entire genetic makeup, including DNA sequences, gene expression patterns, and epigenetic modifications. With the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies, genomics has generated an enormous amount of data that requires sophisticated computational tools to analyze and interpret.
Data analysis plays a crucial role in genomics because it helps to identify genetic variations and their functional significance, understand gene expression patterns, and predict the effects of genetic modifications. Sophisticated statistical methods and machine learning algorithms are used to analyze genomic data and identify patterns, associations, and correlations. Data analysis also plays a critical role in personalized medicine, where genomic data is used to identify individualized treatments for patients based on their genetic makeup. Overall, genomics and data analysis are intertwined because they complement each other and are both essential for understanding the complexities of the genetic code and its effects on health and disease. Genomics and data analysis are intertwined because genomics is the study of the entire genetic material of an organism, and data analysis is necessary to interpret and make sense of the vast amount of genomic data generated. Genomics involves sequencing, assembling, and analyzing DNA, RNA, and protein sequences. The resulting data are massive, complex, and require advanced computational tools and techniques to be analyzed effectively. Data analysis helps to identify genes, regulatory elements, and mutations that are responsible for specific traits or diseases. It also helps to compare genomic sequences across different species and populations. Without data analysis, it would be impossible to extract useful information from the vast amount of genomic data produced by sequencing technologies.
How is machine learning significant to computational pathology in the pharmac...Pubrica
• Plentiful amassing of advanced histopathological pictures has prompted the expanded interest for their examination; for example, PC supported determination utilizing AI procedures.
• In this blog, Pubrica explains the applications of machine learning in digital pathology field using Biostatistics Services.
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This document discusses the origin, history, and applications of bioinformatics. It begins by defining bioinformatics as the use of computation to extract knowledge from biological data through collection, storage, manipulation and modeling of data for analysis and prediction. The history section notes that the term was coined in the 1970s but applications expanded in the 1990s with increased molecular biology data. It then outlines several key applications of bioinformatics like functional genomics, structural genomics, comparative genomics, and medical informatics.
Machine learning in drug supply chain management during disease outbreaks: a ...IJECEIAES
The drug supply chain is inherently complex. The challenge is not only the number of stakeholders and the supply chain from producers to users but also production and demand gaps. Downstream, drug demand is related to the type of disease outbreak. This study identifies the correlation between drug supply chain management and the use of predictive parameters in research on the spread of disease, especially with machine learning methods in the last five years. Using the Publish or Perish 8 application, there are 71 articles that meet the inclusion criteria and keyword search requirements according to Kitchenham's systematic review methodology. The findings can be grouped into three broad groupings of disease outbreaks, each of which uses machine learning algorithms to predict the spread of disease outbreaks. The use of parameters for prediction with machine learning has a correlation with drug supply management in the coronavirus disease case. The area of drug supply risk management has not been heavily involved in the prediction of disease outbreaks.
Presently, there are two categories of cigarettes, namely, combustible cigarette and noncombustible or electronic cigarettes (EC). While combustible cigarettes release smoke,
electronic cigarettes produce vapor or aerosol mist. To address the concerns of harm from tobacco smoke, which contains over 100 potentially harmful chemicals to human health. Exposure to those chemicals is the known cause of smoking-related diseases, such as, chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema, and bronchial cancers. On the other hand, without
combustion or burning, electronic cigarettes, either the nicotine liquid, or the heat-notburn tobacco sticks, produce no tar and emit less toxicants. In this regard, both types of the
less harm e-cigarettes have been recommended for using as alternative solution as harm reduction strategies for addicted cigarette smokers. It is becoming more popular worldwide,
especially in the USA.
A radiology report serves as an intermediary between a radiologist and referring clinician for suggesting appropriate treatment to the patients, aimed at better healthcare anagement. It is essentially a tool that assists radiologists in conveying their input to the patients and clinicians regarding positive or negative findings on a case. The objective of this paper is to discuss and propose Radiology Information & Reporting System (RIRS), highlight challenges governing its implementation and suggest way forwards towards its effective implementation across the public sector tertiary care institutions of Pakistan. In the end, it is concluded that the proposed RIRS would potentially offer enormous benefits in terms of cost
savings, reporting accuracy, faster processing and operational efficiency as opposed to the conventionally available manual radiology reporting procedures and systems.
Advanced age, having comorbidities, and vitamin D deficiency are three most important reasons for increased vulnerability to COVID-19 and also worsen complications and increase the risk of death.
Despite the vast amount of information available and lessons learned, many countries are still not fully utilizing these to manage secondary peaks of COVID-19 infection. Factors associated with worse COVID-19 prognosis include, older age, ethnicity, male sex, having comorbidities, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking; all these are associate with vitamin D deficiency. COVID-19 symptomatology varies from
mostly asymptomatic, to, up to 2% fatality. The latter is characterized by cytokine storm, an immune reaction, diffuse arterial thromboembolism, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary oedema,and death.
Myiasis is the infestation by larvae of flies. Myiasis may involve the skin, eyes, nasal passages, gastrointestinal and enitourinary tracts. Cases of urinary myiasis are very rare mostly occurs in immunocompromised hosts, those with previous urologic instrumentation or those with poor socioeconomic status. We present a case of successful outpatient treatment of urinary myiasis in two immunocompetent females without prior urological history
This document discusses the challenges and opportunities for implementing a unified Radiology Information and Reporting System (RIRS) in developing countries like Pakistan. It proposes a RIRS with four interconnected subsystems to streamline the radiology workflow and automate reporting. However, there are technical, financial, legal and regulatory challenges to overcome due to the decentralized healthcare system and lack of digital infrastructure. If successfully implemented, a RIRS could improve the efficiency, accuracy and accessibility of radiology services across Pakistan.
The document discusses COVID-19, its origins, evolution, symptoms, transmission, prevention and mortality. It notes that COVID-19 originated in Wuhan, China in late 2019. It is caused by a coronavirus that is transmitted through respiratory droplets. Common symptoms include cough, fever and shortness of breath. Basic prevention measures include hand washing, social distancing and wearing face masks. Mortality rates vary by country and are highest among older individuals and those with underlying conditions. Vitamin D deficiency may also increase risk of severe outcomes.
Myiasis is the infestation by larvae of flies. Myiasis may involve the skin, eyes, nasal passages, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. Cases of urinary myiasis are very rare mostly occurs in immunocompromised hosts, those with previous urologic instrumentation or those with poor socioeconomic status. We present a case of successful outpatient treatment of urinary myiasis in two immunocompetent females without prior urological history.
Advancements in modern imaging techniques such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, computer tomography and other radiological procedures have improved the diagnosis of gynecological conditions to a great extent. However, the establishment of a final diagnosis and the initiation of appropriate treatment requires direct viewing of the uterine cavity as in hysteroscopy. In many cases, the patient can be treated during the initial hysteroscopy.
The document summarizes an Acceptance and Cognitive Restructuring Intervention Program (ACRIP) developed to address Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in adolescents. It describes how the ACRIP was developed based on cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness theories. The 8-module program was tested in previous studies and shown to effectively reduce IGD symptoms and improve psychological well-being. The document recommends adopting the ACRIP for treating IGD through telemedicine given its proven efficacy and the need to address this emerging public health issue.
Since the implementation of the “Unified Health System (SUS)” in Brazil in 1990 (public system that offers universal access to any citizen, whether employed or not), there have been
significant and diversified advances in the formulation of structural policies and programmatic actions of the health sector, directed to the three levels of complexity of the system, with a view to its operationalization/expansion in the country [1].
Telemedicine, E health and other technologies promise change that can profoundly affect patients and providers. Even a quick scan of topics featured in this journal demonstrates its impact on quality of life, public health concerns, and effectiveness healthcare. However, this powerful area of health care also creates serious issues for patients and providers. This writer
is particularly interested in ethics issues that affect the soul of health care.
Since the end of the twentieth century the epidemiological discourse has acquired a more and more undeniable value. This universal symbolic authority of epidemiology of risk factors has become emblematic with the incorporation of lifestyle rhetoric [1-3]. In advocating such
an approach, the area has departed from its historical and epistemological assumptions (population and social context of illness) over the valuation of individual perspective inherent to the emergence of a new globalized economic order, which has gradually shifted the collective concerns of health public to a marginal position [4,5] especially in peripheral capitalist countries [6].
Psychological studies involving humans suggested that addiction is a form of learning and that relapse is a persistent memory of the drug experiences [1,2]. It is the gene transcription factor Cyclic AMP Response-Element-Binding protein (CREB) acting as a switch, converting short-term memory to long-term memory, referred to as the acetylation of chromatin structures [3].
The use of mobile applications, through smart phones, smartphones, has been considered by many to be the technological revolution of greatest repercussion in recent times. Compared to a handheld computer and with access to millions of applications, its main feature is unlimited mobility, accompanying its user at all times and in any place. In health, it is known that professionals are constantly moving outside of the institutions in which they work, so mobility is fundamental, which contributes to the interoperability of mobile technologies. This study aims to identify the research involving mobile technology applied to the vaccination being used. The methodology used is of the type integrative review of the literature. The final sample had 14 papers.
Protective Effects of Ethanol Leaf-Extract of Cajanus Cajan (Linn) in Alcohol...CrimsonpublishersTTEH
Protective Effects of Ethanol Leaf-Extract of Cajanus Cajan (Linn) in Alcohol Induced Nephrotoxicity in Albino Rats by NN Ezeani* in Crimson Publishers: Telemedicine and e-Health
The protective effects of ethanol leaf-extract of Cajanus cajan in alcohol induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats were investigated. Thirty-six albino rats were assigned into six (6) experimental groups (A, B, C, D, E, F) with six rats in each group. Group A (Normal control) was administered normal saline only. Group B (standard control) was administered 5mg/kg body weight of standard drug (Silymarin); group C (positive control) was administered 3.7g/kg body weight of 99.7% ethanol while rats in groups D,E and F (test groups) were administered graded doses of 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 600mg/kg body weights of ethanol leaf-extract of Cajanus cajan respectively. Rats in standard control and test groups were administered 3.7g/kg body weight of 99.7% ethanol, once a day, 3 hours after administration of standard drug and ethanol leaf-extract of Cajanus cajan respectively. The administration lasted for 14 days through oral intubation. The result of our investigation showed that creatinine, uric acid and urea were significantly (P<0.05) increased in positive control group compared to the levels observed in the normal and standard control groups. However, groups administered ethanol leaf-extract of Cajanus cajan at the doses of 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 600mg/kg body weight all showed a significant (P<0.05) reversal in the trends of these parameters to concentrations comparable to those observed in the positive and normal control groups. The findings of this study suggest that ethanol leaf-extract of Cajanus cajan may have potentials that could be exploited for development of chemotherapies against renal toxicity.
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A Survey of Energy Efficiency in Wireless Human Body Sensors Lifetime for Hea...CrimsonpublishersTTEH
A Survey of Energy Efficiency in Wireless Human Body Sensors Lifetime for Healthcare Applications by Sara Kassan*, Jaafar Gaber and Pascal Lorenz in Crimson Publishers: Digital health journal impact factor
Wireless Human Body Sensor Networks (WHBSNs) are extensively used in vital sign monitoring applications and predicting crop health in in order to identify emergency situations and allow caregivers to respond efficiently. When a sensor is drained of energy, it can no longer achieve its role without a substituted source of energy. However, limited energy in a sensor’s battery prevents the long-term process in such applications. In addition, replacing the sensors’ batteries and redeploying the sensors can be very expensive in terms of time and budget and need the presence of the patient at the hospital. To overcome the energy limitation, researchers have proposed the use of energy harvesting to reload the rechargeable battery by power. Therefore, efficient power management is required to increase the benefits of having additional environmental energy. This paper presents a review of energy efficient harvesting mechanisms to extend the Wireless Human Body Sensors lifetime.
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The Germinative Preponderance-Sebaceous Epithelioma_ Crimson PublishersCrimsonpublishersTTEH
The Germinative Preponderance-Sebaceous Epithelioma by Anubha Bajaj* in Crimson Publishers: International journal of telemedicine and applications
Sebaceous epithelioma is a benign, exceptional, distinctive neoplasm comprised of basaloid cells and mature sebocytes. Although a sporadic neoplasm, Muir-Torre syndrome can be frequently associated with sebaceous epithelioma. Benign sebaceous epithelioma, additionally termed as sebaceoma is indicative of sebaceous neoplasm exceeding >50% basaloid cell component and demonstrates yellow papules, nodules or plaques predominating on sites of enhanced sebaceous glands. Dermoscopy delineates yellow-tinged, granular articulations with fine, curvilinear capillaries and vascular formations. Sebaceoma incorporates an admixture of undifferentiated basaloid cells and differentiated sebaceous cells. Basaloid cells enunciate a cytoplasmic vacuolation and sebaceous cells are clear and lipid rich. Histological variants of sebaceoma include carcinoid- like, sinusoidal, reticulated, cribriform, rippled and sebaceoma with Verocay bodylike features. Immune reactivity to adipophilin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratin 5(CK5), cytokeratin 6(CK6) and p40 are elucidated. Sebaceoma requires a distinction from basal cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation and trichoblastoma with sebaceous differentiation. Surgical resection of the neoplasm with a narrow surgical resection margin is the preferred therapeutic option.
https://crimsonpublishers.com/tteh/fulltext/TTEH.000524.php
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Tobacco Harm Reduction by Somchai Bovornkitti* in Crimson Publishers: Telemedicine and e-Health open access journals
Cigarette smoke contain approximately 250 different chemicals known to be harmful to human health. Thousands of harmful chemical substances produce by the combustion of tobacco. The health impacts such as cancer and chronic lung disease are not only associated with smokers but also people who are exposed to secondhand smoke. Tobacco Harm Reduction is a concept to minimize the impacts of tobacco on the individual and on society at large. A key component of this strategy is using alternative source of nicotine as a substitute to tobacco cigarettes. Electronic cigarette and heated tobacco are alternatives that might have potential in reduce harm from smokes. This paper elaborates on available research associated with electronic cigarette and heated tobacco with harm reduction and risk perspective.
https://crimsonpublishers.com/tteh/fulltext/TTEH.000522.php
For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers
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For more Articles on Telemedicine and e-Health open access journals
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Asbestos Pollution by Somchai Bovornkitti* in Crimson Publishers: Telemedicine Journal and e-health
A news article, entitled “Study Finds Asbestos in Nearly Half of Thailand’s Population” by Tim Povtak, was published in CTN News (Chaing Rai News) on July 3, 2019. Unfortunately, it contained some misunderstandings concerning the recent report of Incharoen and her colleagues [1]. For the record, two studies have been conducted in Thailand to search for the presence of asbestos bodies in the lungs of patients who had died of different conditions besides asbestos-related diseases. The first study by Sri umpai et al. [2] was published in 1985. Those researchers reported that, of the 330 cadavers that they had examined, 33 percent were found to contain asbestos bodies [2]. The second study by Incharoen et al. [1] was conducted 30 odd years later; those researchers found an even higher incidence of asbestos bodies, i.e. up to 48.5 percent, in 97 of the 200 cadavers that they had examined [1].
The findings of both studies implied that Thai people at large were being exposed to increasing amounts of asbestos fibers floating in the ambient atmosphere. The pollutants were likely being released from the earth during rough weather, as well as the scaling off of asbestos fibers from the roof tiles and siding of aging houses. The studies did not claim that such exposure would lead to the death of those who had been exposed to asbestos bodies in their lungs
https://crimsonpublishers.com/tteh/fulltext/TTEH.000521.php
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Clarion and Crystal-Clear Cell Acanthoma Reviewed_ Crimson PublishersCrimsonpublishersTTEH
Clarion and Crystal-Clear Cell Acanthoma Reviewed by Anubha Bajaj* in Crimson Publishers: Telemedicine and eHealth Journal
Clear cell acanthoma or Degos’ acanthoma or pale cell acanthoma is an exceptional, asymptomatic, cutaneous benign tumefaction of obscure etiology, emerging from epidermal keratinocytes. Solitary or multiple dome shaped lesions or well delineated nodules or plaques are frequently cogitated on distal extremities. Typically, clear cell acanthoma exhibits a “stuck on” appearance akin to seborrheic keratosis, “vascular countenance” of pyogenic granuloma, “scaling and exudation” elucidated in eczematous reactions and a “progressive margin “associated with an epithelioma. Clear cell acanthoma depicts uniform, pale keratinocytes or pale epithelial cells with abundant cytoplasm composed of excessive glycogen, centric nuclei and distinct foci of transformation. Clinical segregation is required from dermatofibroma, pyogenic granuloma, irritated seborrheic keratosis, keratoacanthoma, actinic keratosis, plaque psoriasis, eccrine poroma, viral warts or malignant cutaneous tumors such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma and metastatic cancer. Dermatoscopy demonstrates a variegated reddish or purple lesion demonstrating a serpiginous pattern akin to a “string of pearls”. Comprehensive surgical eradication of the lesion is the recommended therapeutic option.
https://crimsonpublishers.com/tteh/fulltext/TTEH.000520.php
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Top 10 Habits for Longevity [Biohacker Summit 2024]Olli Sovijärvi
Slides from my presentation in the 10th anniversary event of the Biohacker Summit 2024 in Helsinki. The theme of the whole event wast unifying science, technology and nature.
www.biohackersummit.com
Case presentation of a 14-year-old female presenting as unilateral breast enlargement and found to have a giant breast lipoma. The tumour was successfully excised with the result that the presumed unilateral breast enlargement reverting back to normal. A review of management including a photo of the removed Giant Lipoma is presented.
POTENTIAL TARGET DISEASES FOR GENE THERAPY SOURAV.pptxsouravpaul769171
Theoretically, gene therapy is the permanent solution for genetic diseases. But it has several complexities. At its current stage, it is not accessible to most people due to its huge cost. A breakthrough may come anytime and a day may come when almost every disease will have a gene therapy Gene therapy have the potential to revolutionize the practice of medicine.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the types of hypoxia.
Learning objectives:
1. Define hypoxia
2. Describe the causes and features of different types of hypoxia
3. Define cyanosis
4. Enumerate the causes of cyanosis
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 35, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Central and Peripheral Cyanosis - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559167/
vaginal thrush presentation by Dr. Rewas AliRewAs ALI
in these slides you know what is vaginal thrush, symptoms, and treatments with special population(pregnancy and lactation). you can see the explanation in my youtube channel in this link below:
https://youtu.be/ov5WqVwdHkE?si=iaF5MHC9Vv_6udzR
vaginal thrush is one of the most common gynecological complication that can be treated easily if diagnosed in a correct way.
Exploring Alternatives- Why Laparoscopy Isn't Always Best for Hydrosalpinx.pptxFFragrant
Not all women with hydrosalpinx should choose laparoscopy. Natural medicine Fuyan Pill can also be a nice option for patients, especially when they have fertility needs.
Westgard's rules and LJ (Levey Jennings) Charts.Reenaz Shaik
Quality Control is a process used to monitor and evaluate the analytical process that produces patients results. Planning, documenting and agreeing on a set of guidelines ensures quality.
Larry Smarr’s Prostate Cancer Early Detection and Focal Therapy
Tteh.000542
1. Integration of Bioinformatics Approaches and
Experimental Multi-Omics Studies to Support
Personalized Medicine
Eugenio Del Prete1,2
and Angelo Facchiano1
*
1
Institute of Food Science, Italy
2
Institute for Applied Mathematics “Mauro Picone”, Italy
Introduction
Emerging techniques in molecular biology open grand challenges in the development
of new diagnostic procedures. Omics techniques include the capability of analysing a large
number of molecules with a single analysis, and continuous development of technology offers
the chance to perform the analysis at low cost, so that it becomes possible the screening
of large number of patients with a given pathology, looking for novel biomarkers [1-4].
Integration of experimental studies, computational approaches, and bioinformatics tools
represents an effective processing of the omics information, especially for multi-omics
studies, to investigate complex pathologies [5]. Further integration with clinical data opens
to the precision medicine perspective. In this mini review, we describe how the integration of
computational and bioinformatics methods can support the investigation on human diseases
and drive to the most effective clinical research.
Clinical bioinformatics take advantage of bioinformatics methods and technologies for
the elaboration of clinical data. Physicians, clinicians, and other researchers with expertise in
the management of patients collect heterogeneous data, with the aim of achieving underlying
information about a disease, usually not trivial or easy to obtain with standard analyses.
Such structured information can help in studying not only a single pathology, but also other
diseases (comorbidities or not) connected with the starting one [6]. The evolution of clinical
research involves also the application of bioinformatics and computational biochemistry for
drug discovery and development [7]. Virtual screening is a computational approach aimed
to screen a database of molecules searching for potential biological activity [8] and it is
object of interest in bioinformatics for the development of appropriate tools [9], as well as it
represents an active field for the search of molecules of interest for drug development [10-13].
Machine learning approaches have been developed for novel drug discovery [14]. Molecular
simulations are strongly based on computational approaches and offer many examples of
success in supporting the drug development steps [15,16]. Molecular simulations are also
useful in investigating molecular mechanisms underlying pathologies, also in the case of rare
diseases, that is of particular interest in our laboratory [17-24]. The low number of patients
make difficult to find resources to support studies, so that in many cases rare diseases are
also indicated as orphan diseases. In these cases, the bioinformatics and bio-computational
approach offers the opportunity to investigate disease as well clinical cases [20,21,23] with
Crimson Publishers
Wings to the Research
Review Article
*Corresponding author: Angelo
Facchiano, Institute of Food Science, Italy
Submission: March 4, 2020
Published: November 09, 2020
Volume 2 - Issue 4
How to cite this article: Eugenio Del
Prete and Angelo Facchiano. Integration
of Bioinformatics Approaches and Exper-
imental Multi-Omics Studies to Support
Personalized Medicine. Trends Telemed
E-Health 2(4). TTEH. 000542. 2020.
DOI: 10.31031/TTEH.2020.02.000542
Copyright@ Angelo Facchiano, This
article is distributed under the terms of
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License, which permits
unrestricted use and redistribution
provided that the original author and
source are credited.
1Trends in Telemedicine & E-health
Abstract
A radiology report serves as an intermediary between a radiologist and referring clinician for suggesting
appropriate treatment to the patients, aimed at better healthcare management. It is essentially a tool
that assists radiologists in conveying their input to the patients and clinicians regarding positive or
negative findings on a case. The objective of this paper is to discuss and propose Radiology Information
& Reporting System (RIRS), highlight challenges governing its implementation and suggest way forwards
towards its effective implementation across the public sector tertiary care institutions of Pakistan. In the
end, it is concluded that the proposed RIRS would potentially offer enormous benefits in terms of cost
savings, reporting accuracy, faster processing and operational efficiency as opposed to the conventionally
available manual radiology reporting procedures and systems.
Keywords: Radiology Information & Reporting System (RIRS); Radiological Diagnostics & Imaging;
Radiology Reporting; Developing Countries
ISSN: 2689-2707