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European Parliament
The EU Approach on Migration in the Mediterranean2021 •
This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee , examines the EU approach on migration in the Mediterranean, covering developments from the 2015 refugee crisis up to the Covid-19 pandemic, assessing the effect these events have had on the design, implementation, and reform of EU policy on asylum, migration and external border control, and documenting the ramifications these changes have had on the actors who operate and are impacted by these policies, including immigration authorities, civil society organisations, and the migrants themselves. The study includes a review of the state of play of relevant EU asylum and migration legislation and its implementation, an appraisal of the situation in the Mediterranean, and a thorough examination of the external dimension of the EU migration, asylum and border policies, focusing on cooperation with third countries (Turkey, Libya and Niger), incorporating human rights and refugee law considerations and an analysis of the implications of funding allocations under the EU Trust Fund for Africa and the Refugee Facility in Turkey. The main goal is to test the correct application of EU and international law, having regard to increased allegations of human rights violations, undue criminalisation, and complicity of the EU in atrocity crimes committed against migrants at sea, stranded in Libya, or contained in Niger and Turkey. The role of EU agencies (Frontex and EASO) is also assessed alongside the bilateral or multi-lateral initiatives adopted by MS to confront the mounting challenges at the common external borders of the EU, incorporating the principle of solidarity and fair sharing of responsibility (Article 80 TFEU) as a horizontal concern.
RUDN Journal of Sociology
The migrant crisis in the Mediterranean: A multidimensional challenge for the European Union2019 •
The European Union (EU) throughout its history has been the destination of diverse migratory flows. Therefore, migration has acquired special relevance by occupying a prominent position on the EU’s political, economic, cultural, and social agenda. The most recent migration crisis of 2015 represents a multidimensional challenge with severe consequences that affect, first, the institutional foundations of the EU (governance, security, solidarity of member states and institutional stability) and, second, the migratory policies of receiving states and the EU itself. This crisis is characterized, first, by the high number of illegal migrants that cross the Mediterranean, and, second, by the humanitarian tragedy and insecurity, which make the sea a grey area and an international reference in the migratory processes. The migration-security equation became a field of applied research and analysis, and at the same time a focus of political debate and public opinion. The article aims at analysing the crisis of 2015 and its consequences, which is done by means of the methodological approach based on the consequences that this phenomenon entails for the EU and for certain member states. The response of the EU is limited primarily to securitization by strengthening the external borders, turning towards internal security rather than respecting international and Community Treaties and promotion of their values, which contradicts the anticipated leadership of this global actor. The authors believe that it is necessary to implement new mechanisms in addition to ensuring greater effectiveness of the existing ones.
This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee , examines the EU approach on migration in the Mediterranean, covering developments from the 2015 refugee crisis up to the Covid-19 pandemic, assessing the effect these events have had on the design, implementation, and reform of EU policy on asylum, migration and external border control, and documenting the ramifications these changes have had on the actors who operate and are impacted by these policies, including immigration authorities, civil society organisations, and the migrants themselves. The study includes a review of the state of play of relevant EU asylum and migration legislation and its implementation, an appraisal of the situation in the Mediterranean, and a thorough examination of the external dimension of the EU migration, asylum and border policies, focusing on cooperation with third countries (Turkey, Libya and Niger), incorporating human rights and refugee law considerations and an analysis of the implications of funding allocations under the EU Trust Fund for Africa and the Refugee Facility in Turkey. The main goal is to test the correct application of EU and international law, having regard to increased allegations of human rights violations, undue criminalisation, and complicity of the EU in atrocity crimes committed against migrants at sea, stranded in Libya, or contained in Niger and Turkey. The role of EU agencies (Frontex and EASO) is also assessed alongside the bilateral or multi-lateral initiatives adopted by MS to confront the mounting challenges at the common external borders of the EU, incorporating the principle of solidarity and fair sharing of responsibility (Article 80 TFEU) as a horizontal concern.
EU Immigration & Asylum Law and Policy
The EU Action Plan for the Central Mediterranean: Everybody knows that the boat is leaking - EU Immigration and Asylum Law and Policy2023 •
International Institute for Democracy and Electoral …
"The Impact of EU Migration Policy in the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean", International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 20102010 •
2017 •
The humanitarian refugee crisis in Europe of 2015-2016 has revealed several unfinished elements and shortcomings in current EU policies and approaches to migration, asylum and borders, particularly those applying in southern EU maritime borders and frontier states in the Mediterranean. This book provides a critical examination of the main issues and lessons learned from this crisis and gives an up-to-date assessment of the main policy, legal and institutional responses that have been put in place at the EU level. It further examines the extent to which these responses can be expected to work under the current system of sharing responsibilities among EU member states in assessing asylum applications and ensuring a consistent implementation of EU legal standards that comply with the rule of law and fundamental rights. This report is based on original research and draws upon the existing literature, along with the discussions of a CEPS Task Force that met over six months, under the cha...
2013 •
Immigration is a sensitive issue that has implications on the economic, political and social dimensions. It is practically impossible to effectively control cross-borders in any country especially in nowadays free-market economy which, in order to remain sustainable, have to maintain its borders open for the freedom of goods, services, capital and labour. In general immigration gains are much higher than its costs but countries are more sensitive towards free movement of people in comparison with free movement of trade and capital. Free movements of labour could be understood through push- and pull-factors among countries. Immigration could be explained through three approaches; ecological, behavioural, and systems. The EU concerns towards its external border control have increased especially after the Arab Spring in 2011 based on two main motives humanitarian and security. The council of the European Union has assigned new funds towards the countries that have massive people movements through four policies: readmission, deployment, EU border assistant mission, and capacity building.
International Journal of High Energy Physics
Analysis of Wind Resource Potential for Small-Scale Wind Turbine Performance in Kiseveni, Kenya2019 •
Penyusunan Anggaran Utang dan Modal
Penyusunan Anggaran Utang dan Modal2024 •
Arquivos Internacionais de Otorrinolaringologia
Caracterização dos limiares auditivos de odontólogos numa população da cidade de Curitiba - PR, Brasil2014 •
European Heart Journal
Outcomes of nonagenarians with acute coronary syndrome2020 •
International Neurourology Journal
Is There a Correlation Between Behçet Disease and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms?2020 •
Biophysical Journal
Kinetics of Desolvation-Mediated Protein–Protein Binding2000 •
2009 •
International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
Meetings in prague from 15 — 23 April 2003: a new momentum2004 •