Strain Measurement

... Spray Conf. (Germany), Proc. CD Section: HVOF-Processes and Materials I, (Ohio: ASM Internaltional) pp 1–4. [6] Faisal NH, Steel JA, Ahmed R and Reuben RL 2009 J. Therm. Spray Technol. (Preprint DOI: 10.1007/s11666-009-9334-1). [7] Coats DL, Krawitz AD 2003 Mater. ...

Investigations into the performance of concrete plugs in tubular steel piles under tension and compression have been conducted at Monash University over the past three years. The work presented in this paper reports the result of push out tests carried out on seven steel tubes specimens filled with reinforced concrete plugs with variable depths. Only one tube diameter, one concrete

... [13] Negru , EM, Measurement of Forces in the Tyre-Road Contact Patch in Rolling Conditions (in Romanian language), Revista Transporturilor Journal, No. 7-8, Bucharest, 1983. ... [16] Fach, M., Lokale Effekte der Reibung zwischen Pkw-Reifen und Fahrbahn , Dissertation TU ...

structed from a general variational-asymptotic framework. The results of the theory are contained in closed-form expressions for the stiffness matrices of single- and double-celled composite thin-walled beams. The accuracy of the approach is demonstrated by several examples. The most important feature of these solutions,which distinguishes them from those previously published in the litera- ture,is that shell bending strain measures are

This Part 2 paper presents results of comparative experimental study of progressive damage in 2D and 3D woven glass/epoxy composites under in-plane tensile loading. As Part 1, this Part 2 work is focused on the comparison of in-plane tensile properties of two non-crimp single-ply 3D orthogonal weave E-glass fibre composites on one side and a laminate reinforced with four plies of E-glass plain weave on the other. The damage investigation methodology combines mechanical testing with acoustic emission registration (that provides damage initiation thresholds), progressive cracks observation on transparent samples, full-field surface strain mapping and cracks observation on micrographs, altogether enabling for a thorough characterisation of the local micro- and meso-damage modes of the studied composites. The obtained results demonstrate that the non-crimp 3D orthogonal woven composites have significantly higher in-plane strengths, failure strains and damage initiation thresholds than their 2D woven laminated counterpart. The growth of transverse cracks in the yarns of 3D composites is delayed, and they are less prone to a yarn–matrix interfacial crack formation and propagation. Delaminations developing between the plies of plain weave fabric in the laminate at certain load level never appear in the 3D woven single-ply composites.

A constitutive model for anisotropic elastoplasticity at finite strains is developed together with its numerical implementation. An anisotropic elastic constitutive law is described in an invariant setting by use of structural tensors and the elastic strain measure Ce. The elastic strain tensor as well as the structural tensors are assumed to be invariant in relation to superimposed rigid body rotations. An anisotropic Hill-type yield criterion, described by a non-symmetric Eshelby-like stress tensor and further structural tensors, is developed, where use is made of representation theorems for functions with non-symmetric arguments. The model also considers non-linear isotropic hardening. Explicit results for the specific case of orthotropic anisotropy are given. The associative flow rule is employed and the features of the inelastic flow rule are discussed in full. It is shown that the classical definition of the plastic material spin is meaningless in conjunction with the present formulation. Instead, the study motivates an alternative definition, which is based on the demand that such a quantity must be dissipation-free, as the plastic material spin is in the case of isotropy. Equivalent spatial formulations are presented too. The full numerical treatment is considered in Part II.