SDP

Economists predict that we will see a massive increase in the number of mergers and acquisitions over the next few years as a natural outcome of the great recession. In financial terms mergers nearly always result in a net loss of value. To minimise this risk and to be successful, the new company needs return to normal operating conditions as soon as possible. The longer the disruption, the greater the loss of value to shareholders and other stakeholders is likely to be.
An ability to identify and then adopt, merge or adapt the services from the two operations quickly and effectively would enable the time to a return to normal operation to be kept as short as possible. It is just that ability that the Service Design Package (SDP) provides to businesses. This is a powerful message for any Board of Directors seeking a long-­term preservation of value.

The ability to implement a real SDP, as opposed to showing slides of the concept, is something of genuine and lasting value to businesses. The crucial requirement for these organisational re-­structuring, and even for a consistent approach to Services in a large, multi-­divisional company, is that systems are compatible. That is, they can inter-­ operate, and that historical information can be preserved through the merging of different service delivery platforms and mechanisms without extensive and expensive re-­work.

This is not possible today, and this will become more visible as a problem as the predicted increase in the rate of mergers develops.

The fundamental reason that it is not possible is that there is no common, underlying structure defined for services. Such common underlying structures are known as ‘ontologies’ and are recognised as a desirable end-­point. They have been seen as very difficult to implement.

This white paper presents a pragmatic, and practical approach to developing an ontology for Service Management that allows simple, reliable, easy to use, structuresthat can incorporate existing tools. This approach allows for a gradual, staged transition from the current state of tools that can’t easily exchange data with other tools, to one where they can.
At first encounter, the SDP appears to be a useful, simplifying notion, drawing together the different phases of the ITIL V3 lifecycle. It is, but the closer you look, the more complex and difficult to implement it appears.

This white paper paints a picture of what an effective SDP would look like, and suggests a simple and practical method for implementing one. As usual, it is important to note that what matters is the overall delivery of services and a defined data structure is most certainly not enough for that, it is, however, a powerful facilitator to the design of tools to make the effective and efficient delivery of services much easier to achieve.

In establishing the Socialist Women‘s International (SWI) within the Second International in 1907, Clara Zetkin sought to bring together delegates from the women’s socialist movement from around Europe and beyond. In the case of Britain, women from the Indepedent Labour Party (ILP), the Women’s Labour League (WLL) and the Social Democratic Party (SDP) attended SWI conferences. But, although the SDP was relatively marginal in the British socialist women’s movement (the ILP prepoderated and the WLL represented many millions in the trade union movement), Zetkin’s patronage ensured Dora Montefiore, the leading socialist woman in the SDP, stood out on the international stage as the spokeperson for British socialist women.
Zetkin first came to Montefiore’s attention through her publications in the SDP’s journal, Justice (from 1899), and her initial meeting with Zetkin at the 1907 SWI conference in Stuttgart led to an ideological bond which lasted into the 1920s when both women joined their countries‘ respective Communist Parties. Indeed, Zetkin and Montefiore’s personal bond was so strikingly immediate that in 1909 the latter arranged an official visit to London by Zetkin, hosting Zetkin in her own home and arranging a series of events at which Zetkin was guest of honour. In 1910, when the second SWI conference occurred in Copenhagen, Montefiore was again welcomed by Zetkin, and again spoke on behalf of the British socialist women. Two years later, at the Extraordinary International Socialist Peace Congress in Basel, Montefiore attended as official reporter for the British Daily Herald, marching in the procession between Zetkin and Rosa Luxemburg, and writing of Zetkin’s leadership of the women’s contingent in her articles.
The favourtism shown to Montefiore at the 1907 and 1910 SWI conferences led to disputes (both personal and ideological) within the British socialist women’s movement (including an en masse conference walk-out by ILP delegates in 1910) and resulted in the SWI adopting policy with ‘official‘ British endorsement which did not represent the strength of feeling of British socialist women and, indeed, was disregarded by them when campaigning back home. (Such policies included calls for full universal suffrage – as against gradual democratisation in the suffrage – and the refusal of socialist women to collaboarate with ‘bourgeois feminists‘ in joint campaigns.) Indeed, although Montefiore retained Zetkin’s patronage during this period, she was marginalised from 1910 within the British socialist women’s movement precisely because she was seen as misrepresenting the British movement on the international stage!
This paper will discuss the relationship between Zetkin and Montefiore in the context of the latter’s position in the British socialist women’s movement. It will consider the British resistence to Zetkin’s patronage of Montefiore (and the policies which resulted from it at the SWI conferences) and discuss the coup which saw international socialist influence wrestled from Montefiore by socialist women in the ILP and WLL (two organisations with common ideological foundations). Ultimately, Montefiore became a noted socialist woman on the international stage whilst simultaneously losing her political voice in the British domestic movement – an ironic turn of events created largely by the distorting factor of Montefiore’s personal relationship with the SWI’s leader, Clara Zetkin.

In this paper, we jointly solve the problem of transmit antenna se-lection and zero-forcing (ZF) precoding in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system. A new problem formulation is proposed which enables efficient semi-definite programming (SDP) to solve the originally non-convex problem of antenna selection. This has been accomplished by imposing the Group Lasso sparsity promot-ing term in the precoding design criterium as a convex relaxation of the `0-norm operation. For the selected set of antennas, we then min-imize the overall transmit power, subject to a constraint on the max-imum achievable throughput. Simulation results reveal the power saving advantage of the proposed algorithm compared to a randomly selected subset of antennas. Index Terms — Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) , linear precoding, convex optimization, antenna selection, Group Lasso. 1.

Am Beispiel der Sozialdemokratischen Partei in der DDR wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob die analytische Verwendung des zumindest paradoxen Begriffs der „friedlichen Revolution“ dem historischen Verständnis der Hergänge 1989-1990 dienlich ist. Die Frage ist umso berechtigter, als „Revolution“ kein Quellenbegriff der SDP/SPD ist: Der Anspruch, gemeinsam mit den Bürgerbewegungen eine (erfolgreiche) Revolution geführt zu haben, ist von der Gründergeneration der SDP vielmehr in Nachhinein angemeldet worden, just in dem Moment, wo deren Mitglieder aufhörten, zentrale Figuren der Politik in der DDR bzw. in der vereinigten Bundesrepublik zu sein. Um die historische Fundierung dieses revolutionären Ethos auszuleuchten, werden die Entwicklungen der SDP/SPD in Hinblick auf das sozialdemokratische Selbstverständnis, die Feindbilder, die politischen Ziele, die Mittel des politischen Kampfes und die eingegangenen Partnerschaften mit anderen Akteuren in der DDR und in der Bundesrepublik im letzten Jahr der DDR analysiert.

l’emploi analytique du concept à tout le moins paradoxal de « révolution pacifique » est utile pour appréhender historiquement les événements de 1989–1990. La question est d’autant plus justifiée que le concept de « Révolution » n’apparaît pas dans les sources du SDP / SPD : c’est en réalité après coup que la génération des fondateurs du SDP a revendiqué le fait d’avoir mené, avec les mouvements citoyens, une révolution (avec succès) et ce précisément au moment où ses membres cessèrent des figures centrales de la politique en RDA et dans la République fédérale réunifiée. Pour éclairer les fondements historiques de cet éthos révolutionnaire, nous étudions les parcours du SDP / SPD en ce qui concerne leur conception de la social-démocratie, les représentations de l’adversaire, les objectifs politiques, les moyens du combat politique, les partenariats conclus avec d’autres acteurs de la RDA et de la République fédérale durant la dernière année de la RDA.

Using the example of the Social Democratic Party of the GDR (SDP), this article investigates whether applying the – at the very least – paradoxical notion of a »peaceful revolution« serves, in an analytical manner, the historical understanding of the events between 1989 and 1990. This question is all the more relevant because neither SDP nor SPD originally used the term »revolution«: only in hindsight did the founding generation of the SDP claim to have (successfully) carried through a revolution together with the citizen movement – precisely at a time when its members were no longer key figures in the political
arena of the GDR and the FDR respectively. The contribution will analyse the development of the SDP / SPD regarding its social democratic self-understanding, enemy stereotypes, political aims, and means of political struggle and alliances with other actors in the GDR and the Federal Republic during the former’s last year, in order to illuminate the historical framework of this revolutionary ethos.

In conventional approaches to Systems Development the crucial task of the exercise, deployment figures almost, at the end! The performance of the developed software can only be realized if and only if, there is a database to interact with. Surprisingly, this slips the attention of system developers! The challenge of converting the existing manual system, of all, the database maintained in paper volumes to that of computerized version, is not well accounted for. However, mundane this task, Database Conversion Planning (DBCP) , has a definite and dominant role to play in systems development. While handling several complex turnkey computerization projects, we are compelled to realize the criticality of DBCP. A careful consideration of these issues in the early stages of systems development has shown a multitude of benefits. As a result, we were able to deploy projects amidst several constraining and conflicting factors. The projects have won the appreciation of customers, of all, end-u...

Résumé:
Ce livre, qui repose sur la thèse de doctorat de l’auteur, se propose d’éclairer les parcours personnels et collectifs de la quarantaine de membres fondateurs du Parti social-démocrate en RDA (SDP puis SPD) depuis sa création le 7 octobre 1989. L’objectif est de retracer leurs efforts de structuration mais aussi la manière dont ils ont élaboré un programme social-démocrate proprement est-allemand, tout un travail partisan qui dépasse la charge révolutionnaire à l’encontre du régime socialiste quarantenaire du SED. Après la chute du Mur, ce parti résolument est-allemand doit s’ouvrir à la question allemande et se confronter au Parti social-démocrate d’Allemagne ouest-allemand qui l’aide tout autant qu’il tente de le récupérer, notamment lorsque le parti est-allemand accède au gouvernement de la RDA en mars 1990. Alors que les deux gouvernements de Berlin et de Bonn préparent l’unification selon la volonté majoritaire, les sociaux-démocrates est-allemands, patriotes, s’affairent à empêcher que leur identité et leur pays ne soient happés par la RFA au niveau national ou par le parti frère de Bonn au niveau partisan. Au-delà de la politique effectivement menée, ce travail s’intéresse donc aux aspirations véhiculées par le parti est-allemand durant son l’année d’existence autonome jusqu’à sa fusion avec le SPD de RFA, le 26 septembre 1990, quelques jours avant la Réunification nationale.

Mots-clés : SDP ; SPD ; Sozialdemokratische Partei in der DDR ; Parti social-démocrate en RDA ; Parti social-démocrate d’Allemagne ; Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands ; mouvements citoyens ; Révolution pacifique ; RDA ; République démocratique allemande ; République fédérale d’Allemagne.


Summary
This book which is based on the author’s PhD dissertation analyses the personal and collective background and development of the approximately 40 founding members of the Social Democratic Party in the GDR (SDP, then SPD) from October 7th 1989 till the fusion of the two German Social Democratic parties on September 26th 1990, 8 days before the national Reunification. Beyond the revolutionary act against the East German regime and the SED, this book tries to retrace the structural and programmatic development of the party and insists on the East-German basis of its ideology. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, the SDP had to position itself vis-à-vis the national question and its relations to the West German SPD. The latter helped its new partner but tried to dominate the East German party, especially after it had become part of the East German government as a result of the free national elections on March 18th 1990. Although the majority of the East German population hoped for a prompt reunification as was promised by the conservative parties in Bonn and East-Berlin, the SPD tried to avoid a complete surrender of East-German identity and succeeded in maintaining some of its aspects beyond the German Reunification. Although the East German social democrats fought for the ratification of the three Treaties by the West German SPD, some of its members were reluctant. Throughout their political actions, the East German social democrats sought to maintain their identity, which they considered no less valuable than the one that was impersonated by the Federal Republic and the West German SPD. This book tries not only to describe the social democratic policies but to analyse the evolution of objectives within the year of its autonomous existence.

Keywords : SDP; SPD; Sozialdemokratische Partei in der DDR ; Social democratic Party in the GDR ; Social democratic Party of Germany ; Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands ; Peaceful Revolution; GDR ; German Democratic Republic.


Abstract:
In diesem Buch, das auf der Dissertation des Verfassers beruht, wird der persönliche und kollektive Werdegang der rund vierzig Gründer der Sozialdemokratischen Partei in der DDR (SDP, dann SPD) vom 7. Oktober 1989 bis zur Fusion der beiden deutschen Parteien am 26. September 1990 nachgezeichnet. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf der Strukturierung der Partei und der Ausformulierung eines originellen ostdeutschen Programms im Wechselspiel mit einer sich rapide ausdehnenden Parteibasis. Es kommt eine ostdeutsch geprägte Identität zum Tragen, die über das bloße revolutionäre Moment gegen das Regime der DDR hinausgeht. Nach dem Mauerfall muss sich die Gründergeneration der deutschen Frage stellen und eine immer innigere aber konfliktreiche Beziehung mit der westdeutschen Schwesterpartei eingehen, ganz besonders nachdem sich die ostdeutschen Sozialdemokraten dazu durchgerungen haben, eine Koalition mit der Allianz für Deutschland einzugehen und an die Regierung gelangen. Es ist keineswegs so, dass die SPD-ost zum Spielball der SPD-West oder der beiden deutschen Regierungszentralen geworden wäre. Vielmehr versteht sie es, ihr wichtige Anliegen in den drei Staatsverträgen zu verankern und deren Ratifizierung durch geschickte Einflussnahmen zu fördern – selbst nach dem Bruch der Koalition im August 1990, als die Partei als solche im Begriff ist, ihre Fusionierung mit der Bonner SPD auszuhandeln, und droht, von ihr verschluckt zu werden. Es wird stets darauf geachtet, nicht nur die tatsächlich geführte Politik im Zeichen sich rasant verändernder Rahmenbedingungen zu betrachten, sondern auch den Wünschen und Hoffnungen der ostdeutschen Sozialdemokraten in ihrem knapp einjährigen autonomen Bestehen Rechnung zu tragen.

Schlagwörter: SDP; SPD; Sozialdemokratische Partei in der DDR, Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, Friedliche Revolution, DDR, Deutsche Demokratische Republik, Bürgerbewegung.

This book explores the different stories political parties tell us about British history and about their own historical roles. It examines archives, written histories and commemorations and focuses in particular on a number of explicit negotiations over historical narratives. These include the disputes over the National Curriculum for History, the assertion of a ‘lost’ social democratic tradition by the SDP and New Labour, Conservative attempts to re-assess their historical position in 1997 and the collapse of the Communist Party of Great Britain’s narrative memory in 1988-91. These episodes are examined as a process of negotiation between grassroots members and party leaders in which understandings of the past determined the options for the future.

It fuses scholarship on British political parties, collective memory, historical theory and heritage studies. It traces the decline of ideologically distinct approaches to history and argues that although the political past is no longer seen to make demands on the present- either of conservative duty or radical obligation- this is in line with wider social attitudes which see the past as an affirmation of the present, rather than as a legacy which can be honoured or betrayed. It shows how history, heritage and tradition are used to present parliamentary politics as intrinsically ‘historic’ and suggests that the disappearance of active political pasts leaves contemporary politicians unable to speak of radically different futures.

C1 inhibitor deficiency (hereditary angioedema [HAE]) is a rare disorder for which there is a lack of consensus concerning diagnosis, therapy, and management, particularly in Canada. European initiatives have driven the approach to managing HAE with 3 C1-INH Deficiency ...

Optimization problems of beamforming in multi-user amplify-and-forward (AF) wireless relay networks are indefinite (nonconvex) quadratic programs, which require effective computational solutions. Solutions to these problems have often been obtained by relaxing the original problems to semi-definite programs (SDPs) of convex optimization. Most existing works have claimed that these relaxed SDPs actually provide the optimal beamforming solutions. This paper, however, shows that this is not the case in many practical scenarios where SDPs fail to provide even a feasible beamforming solution. To fill this gap, we develop in this paper a nonsmooth optimization algorithm, which provides the optimal solution at low computational complexity.

It is known that the design of optimal transmit beamforming vectors for cognitive radio multicast transmission can be formulated as indefinite quadratic optimization programs. Given the challenges of such nonconvex problems, the conventional approach in literature is to recast them as convex semidefinite programs (SDPs) together with rank-one constraints. Then, these nonconvex and discontinuous constraints are dropped allowing for the realization of a pool of relaxed candidate solutions, from which various randomization techniques are utilized with the hope to recover the optimal solutions. However, it has been shown that such approach fails to deliver satisfactory outcomes in many practical settings, wherein the determined solutions are found to be unacceptably far from the actual optimality. On the contrary, we in this contribution tackle the aforementioned optimal beamforming problems differently by representing them as SDPs with additional reverse convex (but continuous) constraints. Nonsmooth optimization algorithms are then proposed to locate the optimal solutions of such design problems in an efficient manner. Our thorough numerical examples verify that the proposed algorithms offer almost global optimality whilst requiring relatively low computational load.

Simple behavioural rules, or “rules of thumb”, which lead to behaviour that closely approximates an optimal strategy, have generated a lot of recent interest in the field of foraging behaviour. In this paper, we derive rules of thumb from a stochastic simulation model in which the foragers behave optimally. We use a particular biological system: the patch leaving behaviour of a parasitoid. We simulate parasitoids whose patch leaving behaviour is determined by a stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) model, while ...

It is known that the design of optimal transmit beamforming vectors for cognitive radio multicast transmission can be formulated as indefinite quadratic optimization programs. Given the challenges of such nonconvex problems, the conventional approach in literature is to recast them as convex semidefinite programs (SDPs) together with rank-one constraints. Then, these nonconvex and discontinuous constraints are dropped allowing for the realization of a pool of relaxed candidate solutions, from which various randomization techniques are utilized with the hope to recover the optimal solutions. However, it has been shown that such approach fails to deliver satisfactory outcomes in many practical settings, wherein the determined solutions are found to be unacceptably far from the actual optimality. On the contrary, we in this contribution tackle the aforementioned optimal beamforming problems differently by representing them as SDPs with additional reverse convex (but continuous) constraints. Nonsmooth optimization algorithms are then proposed to locate the optimal solutions of such design problems in an efficient manner. Our thorough numerical examples verify that the proposed algorithms offer almost global optimality whilst requiring relatively low computational load.

Il Programma di Berlino è un ottimo esempio di riflessione programmatica e di analisi dei mutamenti sociali e politici. Riteniamo che in esso si possano trovare delle feconde intuizioni che potrebbero guidare l’agire politico attuale. Noi abbiamo cercato di mettere in evidenza il tema della tecnica pur consapevoli di aver operato una certa astrazione. Non è possibile infatti, scindere nel Programma di Berlino la tecnica dalla politica e dalla società. Ci pare proprio che questa visione integrata, possa essere un ottimo esempio per rimettere al centro della politica i temi realmente fondanti pur consapevoli che il dominio spettacolare ha ridotto la politica a un inutile teatrino che nasconde (riesce ancora a nascondere?) gli interessi famelici degli arrivisti e dei lobbisti di ogni genere di società più o meno occulta. Sappiamo però, che un dibattito sulla funzione sociale della scienza e della tecnologia è indispensabile per costruire un società democratica matura e reale. Il programma di Berlino può essere ancora oggi, una fonte di riflessione per quanti cercano solide basi per ancorare la propria prassi politica a idee social democratiche riformiste e progressiste che affondano le loro nobili radici su una elaborazione teorica e su una prassi politica degne del massimo rispetto e attenzione.

Simple behavioural rules, or “rules of thumb”, which lead to behaviour that closely approximates an optimal strategy, have generated a lot of recent interest in the field of foraging behaviour. In this paper, we derive rules of thumb from a stochastic simulation model in which the foragers behave optimally. We use a particular biological system: the patch leaving behaviour of a parasitoid. We simulate parasitoids whose patch leaving behaviour is determined by a stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) model, while ...

Workshop « Parteiendemokratie in der Krise? Politische Parteien und Bewegungen im gesellschaftlichen Wandel (1970 bis heute) », Institut für Zeitgeschichte München,  Graduate-Center der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München und die Kommission für Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien e.V., München, 21.-22. November 2019.

MODELING JINI-UPnP BRIDGE USING RAPIDE ADL Ahmed Sameh ... Abstract The exploding deployment of network enabled mobile devices, along with the expansion of networked services have created the need for users to easily manage these devices and services and also to ...