From the beginning of the foundation of Turkish Republic it had to deal with plenty of political and economic problems. In general, when we look at these problems, we can easily say that those were originated from Independence War and...
moreFrom the beginning of the foundation of Turkish Republic it had to deal with plenty of political and economic problems. In general, when we look at these problems, we can easily say that those were originated from Independence War and remnants of the Ottoman Empire. The founder of there public, Mustafa Kemal, aimed a fully westernized, industrialized and modernized country. However, he had to overcome debts of the Ottoman Empire and poverty arise from Independence War. In addition, this goal obligated the building of new social order, a new state structure as well as a new identity. In the economic sphere, by looking at the periods of single party and multi-party, the strategies are shaped by the major world development. Multi-party systems have not only advantages but also disadvantages because it gives rise to political competition. this mini-essay evaluates the adverse effects of political competition on economy. Throughout the republican period, there are plenty of milestones that have a lot of influences on political conditions. These are the four military coups in 1960, 1971, 1980, 1997. Among these interventions, the most important one is the coup of 1980 because it leads to the first consequential program of economic liberalization. Because of the intervention, there was no political competition so Özal did not have a difficulty in making the liberal reforms which are necessary for our economic well-being. In spite of the fact that political competition is absolutely necessary for democracy, in our country it affects negatively on economic conditions because we could not reach democracy as long as Western countries have. In Turkey, political competition is perceived as a populist tendency to get more votes in elections from the beginning of the multi-party periods. Therefore, the governments have a tendency to forget recipes for economic well-being and begin to do whatever the voters want. For example, rural communities are most influential groups for Turkey because plenty of people works in agricultural activities. The ruling party try to fulfill rural communities need instead of what should done for economic prosperity. The other disadvantage of political competitions is that it entails to coalition governments. Normally, coalition means diversity of opinions and provides the widest representation of population. However, the integration of under qualified politicians and uneducated voters entails to deadlock which affects all society extremely negative. Political uncertainties lead to volatile economies so it is unavoidable to face with frequent economic crises, recessions, high inflation rates and public deficits. When we consider the Turkish economy, there is a dependence on imported goods and political ambiguity affects negatively international economic relations then we encounter again budget deficits,