Paper Chromatography

The study was conducted to isolate and identify pigment-producing microfungi from the soils of three different habitats found in University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, North Cotabato, Philippines. This study also qualitatively characterized the pigment extracts produced by each identified microfungal isolates using paper chromatography. Soil analysis was also conducted. There were a total of 30 colonies present in the Sabouraud dextrose agar plates after 7 days. For preliminary studies, five culturally and morphologically distinct pigment-producing microfungi were selected and isolated. These were identified as Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and Curvularia sp. while one isolate was characterized as non-sporulating mold. Fungal pigment development was also observed everyday for 7 days. The final pigments produced by the five isolates after incubation at 30°C were red, green, orange, brown and pink, respectively. Of the five pigment extracts, the red pigment from Penicillium sp. exhibited the most concentrated and intense coloration which can be a good source of organic pigment for industrial application. The pigment extracts were qualitatively analyzed using paper chromatography employing acetone as the solvent system and Whatman no. 42 as the chromatogram. Penicillium sp. produced four distinct colored bands, non-sporulating mold produced two colored bands, Fusarium sp. and Curvularia sp. had one colored band while Aspergillus sp. did not produce any band in the chromatogram.

OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to: modify the preparation of 99mTc-tetrofosmin by using twice the amount of 99mTcO4- recommended by the manufacturer; evaluate the use of miniaturized rapid paper chromatography (MRPC) for quality control (QC) testing; and determine the in vitro stability of the modified preparation using MRPC. METHODS Two preparations of 99mTc-tetrofosmin were made: one with 4.4-8.8 GBq (120-240 mCi) and the other with 13.9-17.6 GBq (380-480 mCi) 99mTcO4-, referred to as regular and modified preparations, respectively. Routine QC tests were performed using MRPC and instant thin-layer chromatography/silica-gel (ITLC/SG) systems. The preparations were injected into 58 patients. Planar and SPECT images of stress and rest studies were obtained. The technical quality of the SPECT images was graded visually by four observers. Heart-to-lung and heart-to-background ratios were calculated from the planar images. RESULTS The QC testing procedure took 4.18 +/- 0.15...

1. The effect of intravenous sodium salicylate on the biliary excretion of 14C-bishydroxycoumarin ((14)C-BHC) was studied in rats.2. Salicylate (88.9 mg/kg) increased the biliary excretion of (14)C-radioactivity from a control value of 12.3 +/- 2.7% to 29.3 +/- 2.5% of the administered dose in 6 h after injection.3. During the 6 h period, 11% of the dose of radioactivity underwent biliary recycling in the salicylate-treated rats compared to only 6% in the absence of salicylate.4. About 15.3% of the radioactivity excreted in the bile of rats given BHC alone was detected as unchanged BHC, 8.6% was present as BHC-conjugate, conjugates of BHC metabolites accounted for 30.9%, and the remainder consisted of unidentified metabolites.5. Salicylate treatment did not significantly alter the excretory pattern of unchanged BHC and its metabolites.

Currently, there is no convenient and safe experimental method in the literature to evaluate skin protectant formulations for barrier properties. A novel and simple experimental method, based on paper chromatography, was developed to screen a broad spectrum of skin protectants available for moisture penetration. The method involves the use of paper chromatography for determining the Moisture Penetration Rate through a thin barrier film of a given skin protectant product. It is simple, inexpensive, convenient, and safe and was used to evaluate 12 products currently used as skin protectants. This method can be used by formulators in their development efforts and by caregivers to determine the barrier properties of various products in a short period of time without expensive instrumentation or extensive time commitments. Skin irritation resulting from fecal and urinary incontinence is a common problem for geriatric patients (Fiers & Siebert, 1993, Talbot, 1994). Various products on the...

A single-paper chromatographic system has been developed, capable of resolving Tc-99m dioxide, [99mTc] pertechnetate and Tc-99m phosphorus compounds. The best separations are obtained with CM82 paper developed in 0.5 m naCl, and 3MM or ashless No. 40 paper developed in 1 M sodium acetate buffer. In these systems, 99TcO2 remains at the origin, while 99mTcO4--and Tc-99m phosphorus compounds move with Rf values of 0.56--0.75 and 0.80--1.0, respectively.

The study was conducted to isolate and identify pigment-producing microfungi from the soils of three different habitats found in University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, North Cotabato, Philippines. This study also qualitatively characterized the pigment extracts produced by each identified microfungal isolates using paper chromatography. Soil analysis was also conducted. There were a total of 30 colonies present in the Sabouraud dextrose agar plates after 7 days. For preliminary studies, five culturally and morphologically distinct pigment-producing microfungi were selected and isolated. These were identified as Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and Curvularia sp. while one isolate was characterized as non-sporulating mold. Fungal pigment development was also observed everyday for 7 days. The final pigments produced by the five isolates after incubation at 30°C were red, green, orange, brown and pink, respectively. Of the five pigment extracts, the red pigment from P...

Analyses performed on the lipopolysaccharides of several Salmonella R-mutants as well as on their acid degradation products revealed differences in their phosphate content. Two groups of lipopolysaccharides (P+ and P−) could be distinguished, differing by approximately one phosphate group per two heptose units.The additional phosphate group in P+ lipopolysaccharides is linked to the heptosyl-heptose unit, since heptose phosphate esters could be isolated by the procedure of Slein and Schnell. When degraded P+ polysaccharides were subjected to methylation and methanolysis no peaks of methylated or partially methylated heptose were detected by gas chromatography.Gel filtration on Sephadex revealed that P+ degraded polysaccharides contain heterogenous fractions of higher molecular weight, while the corresponding hydrolysates from P− mutants contain only oligosaccharides of lower molecular weight. Accordingly, P−“lipopolysaccharides” are termed “glycolipids”. It is concluded, that the additional phosphate groups function as diester bridges, thus causing the formation of larger molecules.P+ lipopolysaccharides and P− glycolipids of corresponding chemotypes were found to be distinct serologically when tested by hemagglutination inhibition.