Jewelery history

The present surface of an ancient gold object, typically matt and often purer than the underlying metal, will not always reflect the originally intended appearance. The two variables are colour and texture. Colour could be controlled by choice of alloy (extreme varieties such as red copper/gold alloys are less common after the
Bronze Age) or by surface treatments including etching to enrich the surface. Texture ranged from a bright shiny surface - naturally resulting from the soldering and other processes used or deliberately produced by abrasive polishing or burnishing - to a matt surface caused by chemical etching or, in theory, coarser abrasion. The processes used were often limited by the nature
of the object, for example a granulated Etruscan ornament could not be burnished. This chapter considers the evidence, which although limited so far, tends to suggest that ancient gold jewellery was more often intended to be bright and shiny than its present appearance might suggest.

Published by Annemarie Jordan in 
Jahrbuch der Kunsthistorischen Sammlungen in Wien, vol. 87 (1991), pp. 121-126.

This article details the archival documents found in Torre do Tombo archive in Lisbon, and which document for the first time the purchase of a rare Indian rock crystal elephant Queen Catherine of Portugal bought in Lisbon. She later gave this special object to her niece, Juana of Austria, who in turn gifted it to her nephew Rudolf II of Prague. It is a rare Kunstkammer object from this queen's famed collection to have survived and is today one of the highlights of the newy renovated Kunstkammer in the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna.

This study ancient Phrygian civilization, Is subject to ancient jewelry and motif. The subject focuses on the ancient Anatolian civilization Phrygian civilization. However, it affects the culture; West Anatolian, Mediterranean geography, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Hittite and Assyrian as briefly mentioned earlier ancient societies. The archaeological excavations were made as a result of the inspection on the Works of acient jewelry. The result of the review; ancient jewelery, jewelery with the user equipment and civilizations on the result of the review emerges ancient jewelry. These effects can be commercial. Civilizations living conditions vary. These differences are shaped by beliefs are shaped according to the needs. This study, decoration techniques used in ancient jewelry, jewelry motif and compositional characreristics were ecaluated on the various types of ancient anatolian jewelry and ancient civilization of Phrygia jewelry. Content of the motif findings and part of the result; Ancietn Anatolian and ancient Phrygia used in different kinds of jewelry, decorative techniques and motifs used in the jewelry features.

Ancient Phrygia and ancient Anatolian jewelry motifs resemble each other in the resulting outcome. Ancient Anatolian jewelery that term is used quite a lot in geometric, floral, symbolic motifs, Jewelry of Phrygia observed frequently used the geometric motifs and figurative motifs. Ancient Antolian and Phrygia ancietn women in thie geography observed in heavily used jewelry head, neck, wirst, chest decoration.

Creates instances of the research, the catalog is composed of Phrygia for jewelry. Photography of jewelry with type of drawing jewery, decoration techniques, motifs and contains information about the characteristics of the composition.

У статті робиться спроба ідентифікації власниці золотої каблучки, виявленої під час археологічних розкопок на замчищі гетьмана Богдана Хмельницького в с. Суботів Чигиринського р-ну Черкаської обл. На основі монограми на персні робиться висновок про його можливу належність родичці Хмельницького - названій ончці Феодосії Хмельницькій