Haptoglobin
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Worldwide, up to 20% of children and adolescents experience mental disorders, which are the leading cause of disability in young people. Research shows that serum zonulin levels are associated with increased intestinal permeability (IP),... more
Worldwide, up to 20% of children and adolescents experience mental disorders, which are the leading cause of disability in young people. Research shows that serum zonulin levels are associated with increased intestinal permeability (IP), affecting neural, hormonal, and immunological pathways. This systematic review and meta analysis aimed to summarize evidence from observational studies on IP in children diagnosed with mental disorders. The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search of the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, PubMed, and the Web of Science identified 833 records. Only non intervention (i.e., observational) studies in children (<18 years) diagnosed with mental disorders, including a relevant marker of intestinal permeability, were included. Five studies were selected, with the risk of bias assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Four articles were identified as strong and one as moderate, representing altogether 402 participants providing evidence on IP in children diagnosed with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In ADHD, elevated serum zonulin levels were associated with impaired social functioning compared to controls. Children with ASD may be predisposed to impair intestinal barrier function, which may contribute to their symptoms and clinical outcome compared to controls. Children with ASD, who experience gastro intestinal (GI) symptoms, seem to have an imbalance in their immune response. However, in children with OCD, serum zonulin levels were not significantly different compared to controls, but serum claudin 5, a transmembrane tight junction protein, was significantly higher. A meta analysis of mean zonulin plasma levels of patients and control groups revealed a significant difference between groups (p = 0.001), including the four studies evaluating the full spectrum of the zonulin peptide family. Therefore, further studies are required to better understand the complex role of barrier function, i.e., intestinal and blood-brain barrier, and of inflammation, to the pathophysiology in mental and neurodevelopmental disorders. This review was PROSPERO preregistered, (162208).
We conducted a nested, case-control study of pre-weaned dairy calves (n = 477; 4 California dairy farms) to assess the association between bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and hematologic biomarkers, including plasma haptoglobin (Hp) and... more
We conducted a nested, case-control study of pre-weaned dairy calves (n = 477; 4 California dairy farms) to
assess the association between bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and hematologic biomarkers, including plasma haptoglobin
(Hp) and plasma bactericide (PB). At each location, heifer or bull dairy calves were observed 2–4 times per week until
confirmed as BRD-positive using parallel interpretation of thoracic ultrasound examination and auscultation. In addition,
control calves were enrolled after being confirmed as BRD-negative using ultrasound and auscultation. Complete blood
counts (CBC), PB, and Hp concentrations were measured. Hp values were higher in calves with confirmed BRD than
in controls (p < 0.01). The area under the curve (AUC) for the various biomarkers was obtained from the corresponding
receiver operating characteristic curves. The AUC for Hp was 0.68, a value greater than those for PB or the remaining
CBC parameters, indicating that Hp may be the most useful biomarker of BRD in pre-weaned dairy calves. The cutoff
value for Hp was 0.195 g/L.
assess the association between bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and hematologic biomarkers, including plasma haptoglobin
(Hp) and plasma bactericide (PB). At each location, heifer or bull dairy calves were observed 2–4 times per week until
confirmed as BRD-positive using parallel interpretation of thoracic ultrasound examination and auscultation. In addition,
control calves were enrolled after being confirmed as BRD-negative using ultrasound and auscultation. Complete blood
counts (CBC), PB, and Hp concentrations were measured. Hp values were higher in calves with confirmed BRD than
in controls (p < 0.01). The area under the curve (AUC) for the various biomarkers was obtained from the corresponding
receiver operating characteristic curves. The AUC for Hp was 0.68, a value greater than those for PB or the remaining
CBC parameters, indicating that Hp may be the most useful biomarker of BRD in pre-weaned dairy calves. The cutoff
value for Hp was 0.195 g/L.
Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the concentration of some important acute phase proteins (APPs) and some biochemical parameters pre-operative and post-operative in calves with omphalitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 20... more
Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the concentration of some important acute phase proteins (APPs) and some biochemical parameters pre-operative and post-operative in calves with omphalitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 calves were used in the study and they consist of 10 clinically healthy calves that were used as a control and 10 calves with omphalitis were used as the treatment group. Blood samples were collected from Vena jugularis of animals to tubes with anticoagulant (sodium citrate) and without anticoagulants, pre-operative (day 0), and post-operative (day 7). Samples were used to determine the concentration of haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), ceruloplasmin (Cp), fibrinogen, glucose, total protein, albumin, urea, total bilirubin, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) concentrations. Results: While the Hp, SAA, Cp, fibrinogen, urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, ALP, and GGT concentrations were statistically and significantly increasing rather than the control group during the pre-operative period for calves with omphalitis, they decreased to the post-operative period. Moreover, an insignificant increase in the glucose, total protein, and AST concentrations and an insignificant decrease in the albumin, calcium, and phosphorus concentrations were statistically determined. Conclusion: We have the opinion that the assessment of biochemical parameters and especially APP levels in calves with the omphalitis together with the clinical findings may be important in terms of the treatment and prognosis.
Objectives: To compare the plasma protein profiles of treated and untreated congenital hypothyroidism (CH) patients with those of normal control infants. Design and methods: Plasma samples were subjected to two-dimensional gel... more
Objectives: To compare the plasma protein profiles of treated and untreated congenital hypothyroidism (CH) patients with those of normal control infants. Design and methods: Plasma samples were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and silver staining or lectin detection. Resolved protein spots were analyzed by using computerized densitometry software. Results: The significant enhanced expression of the fibrinogen gamma-chain and reduced expression of haptoglobin beta-chain were demonstrated in the profiles of untreated CH patients using both silver staining and lectin detection methods. Lectin detection resolved only a single cluster of the haptoglobin beta-chain for the untreated patients, in contrast to five isoform clusters detected in the controls' and treated CH patients' profiles. Conclusions: Plasma from untreated CH patients demonstrated different altered expression of fibrinogen and haptoglobin polypeptide chains, which was normalized when patients were treated. Our data also suggest differences in structures of the N-glycans of haptoglobin beta-chain of the untreated CH patients. (c) 2005 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. All rights reserved.
Breast cancer is one of the major issues in the field of oncology, reported with a higher prevalence rate in women worldwide. In attempt to reveal the potential biomarkers for breast cancer, the findings of differentially glycosylated... more
Breast cancer is one of the major issues in the field of oncology, reported with a higher prevalence rate in women worldwide. In attempt to reveal the potential biomarkers for breast cancer, the findings of differentially glycosylated haptoglobin and osteonectin in previous study have drawn our attention towards glycoproteins of secretome from the MCF-7 cancer cell line. In the present study, further analyses were performed on the medium of MCF-7 cells by subjecting it to two-dimensional analyses followed by image analysis in contrast to the medium of human mammary epithelial cells (HMEpC) as a negative control. Carboxypeptidase A4 (CPA4), alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), haptoglobin (HP), and HSC70 were detected in the medium of MCF-7, while only CPA4 and osteonectin (ON) were detected in HMEpC medium. In addition, CPA4 was detected as upregulated in the MCF-7 medium. Further analysis by lectin showed that CPA4, AAT, HP, and HSC70 were secreted as N-glycan in the medium of MCF-7, with HP...
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