Dental Implant

BACKGROUND: Some studies indicated that implant failures are commonly concentrated in few patients. PURPOSE: To identify and analyze cluster behavior of dental implant failures among subjects of a retrospective study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included patients receiving at least three implants only. Patients presenting at least three implant failures were classified as presenting a cluster behavior. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models and generalized estimating equations analysis evaluated the effect of explanatory variables on the cluster behavior. RESULTS: There were 1406 patients with three or more implants (8337 implants, 592 failures). Sixty-seven (4.77%) patients presented cluster behavior, with 56.8% of all implant failures. The intake of antidepressants and bruxism were identified as potential negative factors exerting a statistically significant influence on a cluster behavior at the patient-level. The negative factors at the implant-level were turned implants, short implants, poor bone quality, age of the patient, the intake of medicaments to reduce the acid gastric production, smoking, and bruxism. CONCLUSIONS: A cluster pattern among patients with implant failure is highly probable. Factors of interest as predictors for implant failures could be a number of systemic and local factors, although a direct causal relationship cannot be ascertained.

Background: Grafting the floor of the maxillary sinus has become the most common surgical intervention for increasing alveolar bone height prior to the placement of endosseous dental implants in the posterior maxilla. Outcomes of this procedure may be affected by specific surgical techniques, simultaneous versus delayed implant placement, use of barrier membranes over the lateral window, selection of graft material,

Dental implant treatment can restore oral function to edentulous patients. Recently, mini implants have been shown to be successful in minimally invasive treatment. There are initial reports of mini implants retaining removable prostheses and supporting fixed partial and complete dentures. This article reviews the treatment of edentulous patients with prostheses and mini implants and offers guidelines for successful outcomes.

The aim of this study was to evaluate implants placed according to several methods of sinus floor augmentation. Forty-eight patients (median age of 62 years, range 23 to 89) had been treated at least 3 years prior to examination with screw-type implants in the posterior maxilla. Depending on the vertical dimension of the residual bone, 1 of 3 surgical procedures had been performed: sinus lift by lateral antrostomy (SL) in 13 patients; osteotome technique (OT) in 18 patients; standard implantation in 17 patients (control). In each patient 1 implant was randomly chosen for analysis (48 implants with a mean observation time of 4.6 +/- 1.4 years). Examination included probing pocket depth (PPD) measurement and radiographic examination. Radiographs were digitized to assess the marginal bone level. Differences between the groups were tested using analysis of variance, the Student t test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Mean PPD was 3.0 mm for the SL, 3.1 mm for OT, and 3.1 mm for control. The...

The study highlights the corrosion behavior of untreated and treated tantalum with addition of trimanganese tetraoxide (Mn3O4) nanoparticles in simulated inflammatory media. The anodic layer was produced on pure tantalum by anodization in electrolytes composed of ammonium fluoride, ethylene glycol, and water. Nanoparticles were deposited uniformly on the surface of the anodized tantalum with the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. The results revealed that the anodic/EPD coating possessed more compact microstructure and higher bond strength than the anodic coating. Simulated inflammatory medium was based on phosphatebuffered saline with additions of H2O2 and HCl. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies showed that the anodic and Mn3O4 layers protected the tantalum from corroding in an acidic inflammatory condition. Finally, the corrosion protection mechanism of Mn3O4 NPs in inflammatory condition was presented.

Following tooth extraction, a socket often presents dimensions that may be considerably greater that the diameter of a conventional implant. The present experiment was performed to study the healing that occurred adjacent to implants placed in recipient sites with a wide marginal defect. Four Labrador dogs were used. In the right side of the mandible, four experimental sites were prepared to receive titanium implants [sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) surface]. Traditional implant installation (control) was performed in one site. In the remaining three sites (test), a step drill was used to widen the marginal 5 mm of the canal. Following placement of an implant in a test site, a circumferential gap about 1–1.25 mm wide and 5 mm deep was present lateral to the implant. A resorbable barrier membrane was used to cover the implant and the bone tissue of two sites, while one site was left uncovered. Four months following implant installation, block biopsies of each implant site were obtained and prepared for ground sectioning. After 4 months of healing, the large marginal defect had been filled with newly formed bone. The degree of bone-to-implant contact between the newly formed tissue and the SLA surface was at all test sites high and similar to that obtained at control sites. The placement of a barrier membrane following implant installation did not improve the outcome of healing. We conclude that a marginal defect wider than 1 mm may heal with new bone and a high degree of osseointegration to an implant designed with a SLA surface.

Indications for the most frequently used imaging modalities in implant dentistry are proposed based on clinical need and biologic risk for the patient. To calculate the biologic risk, the authors carried out dose measurements. They demonstrated that the risk from a periapical radiograph is 20% of that from a panoramic radiograph. A panoramic radiograph and a series of 4 conventional tomographs of a single-tooth gap in the molar region carry 5% and 13% of the risk from computed tomography of the maxilla, respectively. Panoramic radiography is considered the standard radiographic examination for treatment planning of implant patients, because it imparts a low dose while giving the best radiographic survey. Periapical radiographs are used to elucidate details or to complete the findings obtained from the panoramic radiograph. Other radiographic methods, such as conventional film tomography or computed tomography, are applied only in special circumstances, film tomography being preferre...

Objectives: To analyze the complications of dental implant treatment in a group of patients with bruxism in comparison with a matched group of non-bruxers. Material and methods: Patients being diagnosed as bruxers were identified within a group of patients consecutively treated with implant-supported prostheses at one specialist clinic, based on the most recent listed sign and symptoms of bruxism according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders. A diagnostic grading system of " possible, " " probable, " and " definite " sleep or awake bruxism was used, according to a recent published international consensus. A case–control matching model was used to match the bruxers with a group of non-bruxers, based on five variables. Implant-, prosthetic-, and patient-related data were collected, as well as 14 mechanical complications, and compared between groups. Results: Ninety-eight of 2670 patients were identified as bruxers. The odds ratio of implant failure in bruxers in relation to non-bruxers was 2.71 (95% CI 1.25, 5.88). Considering the same number of patients with the same total number of implants equally distributed between groups, the bruxers group had a higher prevalence of mechanical complications in comparison with the non-bruxers group. Conclusions: This study suggests that bruxism may significantly increase both the implant failure rate and the rate of mechanical and technical complications of implant-supported restorations.

The principal reason for providing periodontal therapy is to achieve periodontal health and retain the dentition. Patients with a history of periodontitis represent a unique group of individuals who previously succumbed to a bacterial challenge. Therefore, it is important to address the management and survival rate of implants in these patients. Systematic reviews often are cited in this article, because they provide a high level of evidence and facilitate reviewing a vast amount of information in a succinct manner.