Cardiology

There are two families of dopamine (DA) receptors, called D1 and D2, respectively. The D1 family consists of D1- and D5-receptor subtypes and the D2 family consists of D2-, D3-, and D4-receptor subtypes. The amino acid sequences of these receptors show that they all belong to a large superfamily of receptors with seven transmembrane domains, which are coupled to their

In the panorama of scientific literature, there is a paucity of literature on how to palpate the heart area in
the osteopathic setting and relevant indications on which palpatory sensations the clinician should perceive
during the evaluation. The article reviews the fascial anatomy of the heart area and the heart movements
derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies and describes the landmarks used by the cardiac
surgeon to visualize the mediastinal area. The text sets out possible suggestions for a more adequate
osteopathic palpatory evaluation and describes any tactile sensations arising from the patient's chest. To the
knowledge of the authors, this is the first article that seeks to lay solid foundations for the improvement of
osteopathic manual medicine in the cardiology field.

Textbook in Internal medicine consists of 30 chapters. This textbook is made up of text material and enough illustrations, including clinical findings and schematic figures. The textbook is intended for English-speaking students of medical and pharmaceutical faculties of higher educational establishments of Ukraine.

Підручник з внутрішньої медицини складається з 30 розділів. Містить текстові матеріали та достатньо ілюстрацій, у тому числі клінічні матеріали та схематичні рисунки. Підручник призначений для англомовних студентів медичних та фармацевтичних факультетів вищих навчальних закладів України.

Infective endocarditis (IE) can be diagnosed using the Duke criteria, which cannot be conclusive especially when the results of blood cultures are negative. This study aimed at using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to isolate bacteria present in whole blood samples of patients with definitive IE on the basis of the method designed in this study. This laboratory and test study was conducted on 20 whole blood samples taken from patients with definitive IE. Real-time PCR of the 16s rRNA was utilized to directly analyze whole blood samples to diagnose bacterial IE. Of 20 whole blood samples with definitive IE, only one blood culture (5%) was positive and the isolated bacterium belonged to group. Also, 13 whole blood samples were positive using real-time PCR technique. The isolated bacteria were with seven (35%) cases, with two (10%) cases, with one (5%) case, with one (5%) case, with one (5%) case, and with one (5%) case. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive...

This study was designed to determine the predictive value of lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels for adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Oxidative modification of circulating lipids contributes to inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, which are hallmark features of atherosclerosis. A serum biomarker of oxidation is LOOH, which is a primary product of fatty acid peroxidation. Serum LOOH levels were measured and correlated with clinical events over a 3-year period in 634 patients with angiographic evidence of CAD. Baseline LOOH levels in the highest quartile were associated with hazard ratios of 3.24 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.86 to 5.65; p = 0.0001) for nonfatal vascular events (n = 149), 1.80 (95% CI 1.13 to 2.88; p = 0.014) for major vascular procedures (n = 139), and 2.23 (95% CI 1.44 to 3.44; p = 0.0003) for all vascular events and procedures. Baseline LOOH levels correlated with serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (p = 0.001) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (p = 0.001) as well as the mean percent change in stenosis for large segments >50% stenosed (p = 0.048). A multivariate proportional hazards model, adjusted for traditional risk factors and inflammatory markers, showed an independent effect of LOOH on nonfatal vascular events, vascular procedures, and all events or procedures. Amlodipine treatment was associated with reduced cardiovascular events and changes in LOOH levels compared with placebo. Elevated LOOH levels were predictive of nonfatal vascular events and procedures in patients with stable CAD, independent of traditional risk factors and inflammatory markers.

Placental blood flow was measured with the aid of radioactive microspheres, in normal (N) and manifest diabetic (MD) rats, and related to fetal body growth and incidence of congenital malformations. The total blood flow in the placentae of the MD rats was decreased to about one-half of the normal flow on gestational days 20 and 22. The placentae of the MD offspring were enlarged, whereas the fetuses in this group were smaller than normal. Thus, the placental blood flow per placental weight was drastically decreased in the MD fetuses on both days 20 and 22. In contrast, the placental blood flow per fetal weight was not different in the N and MD groups on gestational day 20 whereas it was decreased in the MD offspring on gestational day 22. Placental blood flow in the malformed fetuses of the MD group did not differ significantly from that in the nonmalformed MD fetuses.

ABSTRAK Penyakit jantung koroner merupakan penyakit arteri koroner yang ditandai adanya endapan lipid yang terkumpul di dalam sel yang melapisi dinding suatu arteri koroner dan menyumbat aliran darah. Tujuan penelitian mengkaji pengaruh Lipid Profile Terhadap Penyakit Jantung Koroner. Disain penelitian adalah survey analitik. Sampel penelitian adalah sebagian pasien di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Penyakit Dalam RSUD Nganjuk dengan jumlah 32 orang. Variabel penelitian adalah lipid profile yang terdiri dari HDL, LDL, Trigliserida. Instrumen penelitian adalah observasi dan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium lipid profile. Analisis data menggunakan uji Fisher Exact . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian memiliki kadar HDL yang normal, lebih dari sebagian memiliki kadar LDL dan trigliserida yang tinggi. Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner Di  Instalasi Rawat Jalan Penyakit Dalam RSUD Nganjuk didapatkan terbanyak adalah NSTEMI dan terkecil adalah Asymtomatik. Hasil uji fisher exact menunjukkan terdapa...

Background Real world cardiology is faced with a low diagnostic yield of coronary angiography (CXA) in patients presenting with ACC/AHA class II CXA indication. Our aim was to analyze the clinical implication of a Cardiac MR (CMR) protocol including adenosine stress perfusion in this patient population. We examined whether CMR could enhance appropriate CXA indication and thus reduce the rate of pure diagnostic CXA. In addition, we compared the relative impact of CMR exam components (perfusion, function and viability assessment) in achieving this target. Methods 176 patients were referred for CXA with class II indication. 171 underwent complete additional CMR exam in a 1.5-T whole body CMR-scanner for myocardial function, ischemia and viability prior to CXA. The routine protocol for assessment of CAD consisted of functional imaging (long and short axes), adenosine stress- and rest-perfusion in short axis orientation and “late enhancement” imaging in long and short axes. Images were analyzed by two independent and blinded investigators. Interobserver differences were resolved by a third reader. Results There was a high association between CMR results and subsequent invasive findings (chi square for CMR perfusion deficit and stenosis >70% in CXA: 113.7, p70%. Four (2.3%) patients had false negative CMR findings. In 58 patients (33.9%) no relevant coronary artery stenosis could be observed, correctly predicted by CMR in 48 cases; in 10 (5.8%) patients CMR provided false positive results. Sensitivity of CMR to detect relevant CAD (>70% luminal narrowing) was 0.96, specificity 0.83, positive predictive value 0.92 and negative predictive value 0.92. Of the CMR components, perfusion deficit was the strongest independent predictor (odds ratio 132.3, p Conclusion In a great number of patients being referred to cath lab with ACC/AHA class II indication for CXA, CMR provides a high accuracy for decision making regarding appropriateness of the invasive exam. CMR prior to CXA could substantially reduce pure diagnostic coronary angiographies in patients with intermediate probability for CAD, in our patient-cohort from approximately 34% to 6%. Further studies are warranted to identify rare false negative CMR results.

Introducción: Gracias a los adelantos científico-tecnológicos, cada vez son más las personas con algún tipo de cardiopatía congénita que alcanzan la edad adulta, sin embargo, esta condición supone un impacto significativo en la esfera emocional; por ello, en el presente estudio se hace referencia a la ansiedad. Objetivo: Analizar el nivel de ansiedad que presentan los pacientes adultos con cardiopatía congénita en una institución de alta especialidad. Material y métodos: Estudio no experimental, analítico, prospectivo y transversal. Se aplicó previo consentimiento informado, un instrumento validado sobre ansiedad State and Trait Anxiety Inventory. Se determinó una muestra estadística aleatorizada simple (n = 248) con personas mayores de 17 años que tuvieran cardiopatía congénita cianógena o acianógena. Se analizaron los datos sociodemográficos con frecuencias, porcentajes y medidas de tendencia central; se compararon y asociaron variables ordinales con U de Mann Whitney, Pearson y S...